(共129张PPT)
子主题(一) 不同民族文化习俗与传统节日
主题群三 历史、社会与文化
01
培育学科素养
五年高考真题重做
主题语境词汇存储
奇特语言现象探究
(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ·C)
In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind.A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than ____.Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.
that
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society.In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing.In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬礼)followed by a strange drinking party.And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes.His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach.As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage.Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Tom Bissell写的一本关于咸海和他旅行经历的书。它是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察。这篇文章引导学生运用辩证思维欣赏外国历史、传统与文化,开阔视野。
1.What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan
A.His friends' invitation.
B.His interest in the country.
C.His love for teaching.
D.His desire to regain health.
B [细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.”可知,几年后,他仍然被这个国家所吸引,回到乌兹别克斯坦来写一篇关于咸海消失的文章。所以是Bissell先生对乌兹别克斯坦的兴趣促使他回到这个国家,故选B项。]
2.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A.Developing a serious mental disease.
B.Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C.Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D.Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
D [代词指代题。根据第一段的最后一句“A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.(几年后,他仍然被这个国家所吸引,回到乌兹别克斯坦来写一篇关于咸海消失的文章)”以及第二段的第一句“His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that.(然而,他的访问最终涉及的远不止于此)”可知,此处that指的是“写一篇有关咸海消失的文章”这件事。]
3.Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan
A.Romantic. B.Eventful.
C.Pleasant. D.Dangerous.
B [推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知,在乌兹别克斯坦旅行期间,他既欣赏了当地的建筑奇观,也亲身经历了在他涉嫌毒品交易时警方采取的方法,还参加过特殊的葬礼,遇到过沙尘暴、疾病、渔船被困在海里等,这说明Tom Bissell的乌兹别克斯坦之行是“充满(有趣、重要)事件的”(eventful),故选B项。]
4.What is the purpose of this text
A.To introduce a book.
B.To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C.To remember a writer.
D.To recommend a travel destination.
A [写作意图题。文章第一段提到,Tom Bissell在几年之后回到乌兹别克斯坦,想写一篇关于咸海消失的文章,结果写成了一本书。接下来第二、三段详细介绍了书中的内容,最后一段是对这本书的总体评价。由此可知,文章的写作目的是介绍一本书,故选A项。]
(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)
A MOTHER'S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day.How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed.They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge.They had watched their mother in the kitchen.There was nothing to it.Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last.The alarm rang at 6 a.m.The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen.They decided to boil the porridge first.They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast.Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk.Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the
egg mixture.Next,Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan.Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread.The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds.Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire.Jenna panicked.Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly.But the stove was a mess now.Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge.But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain.Jenna made him put his hand in cold water.Then she caught the smell of burning.Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared._________________________________________________
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The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up._____________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.One look and he knew what they were up to.Seeing their crestfallen faces, he told them to clean up the kitchen while he helped them make breakfast for Mother.The twins cheered up and did as told.Within an hour, the kitchen was cleaned up, and Father had made some egg sandwiches and cooked some oat porridge.Then he sneaked back to bed.Meanwhile, the twins prepared the breakfast tray, added a card they had made and walked out of the kitchen.(82 words)
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.They hugged her and yelled, “Happy Mother's Day, darling Mummy!” Mother hugged the twins.Her eyes widened at the sight of the breakfast tray.She shook Father who was pretending to snore.He feigned astonishment when he saw the breakfast.Mother bit into a sandwich and said it was the best she had ever tasted.Jeff immediately wanted to have a bite.Jenna caught her father's eye and they winked at each other secretly.(76 words)
(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house.The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party.The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 1 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
2 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores.Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.Even if there isn't a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
3 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party.The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home.Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 4
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 5 Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.
A.This isn't usual though.
B.It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C.You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D.If you're lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乔迁聚会的定义、习俗以及来源。
1.E [本空是过渡句。结合空前一句“The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.”和空后一句“And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.”可知,空处讲的应是乔迁聚会给人们带来的好处,因此E项符合语境。]
2.B [本空是段落主题句。结合本段中的“a good housewarming gift...or a plant”可知,本段主要讲的是带礼物参加乔迁聚会是一个传统,B项符合语境。]
3.C [本空是过渡句。根据空后一句“This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.”可知,空处讲你也可以带食物或饮料与其他客人分享,故C项符合语境。]
4.A [本空是段尾句。根据空前一句可知,在乔迁聚会上让人们帮忙打开箱子不常见,所以A项符合语境。]
5.G [本空是过渡句。结合上文中的“bring firewood to a new home as a gift” 和空后一句“Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.”可知,空处应与取暖相关,故G项符合语境。]
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for
Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 1.______ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2.___ (carry) special significance.They represent the earth 3.______(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 4.______ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.They make great gifts and you see them many times 5.______ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices.6.______ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.Bamboo plants are associated 7.______ health, abundance and a happy home.They are easy 8. (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 9.______ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.The plum trees are 10.______ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国人在庆祝春节时用植物、水果和鲜花来做装饰以及它们所代表的美好寓意。
1.celebration [考查词性转换(动词变名词)。不定冠词a后面接可数名词单数,所以填celebration。]
2.carries [考查时态和主谓一致。在why引导的表语从句中,动名词短语decorating...flowers作主语,谓语动词用单数,并且此处讲的是客观事实,用一般现在时,所以填carries。]
3.coming [考查非谓语动词。the earth和come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,所以填coming。]
4.than [考查固定搭配。more than为固定搭配,在这里表示“不仅仅” ,所以填than。]
5.decorated [考查非谓语动词。空前的them指代上文的Orange trees,和decorate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用动词的-ed形式作宾语补足语,所以填decorated。]
6.Certainly [考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。此处修饰整个句子,且位于句首,所以填Certainly。]
7.with [考查固定搭配。be associated with...是固定搭配,表示“与……有关” 。]
8.to care [考查非谓语动词。此处考查“be+adj.+to do” 结构。注意此处用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。]
9.beautiful [考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。空处和空后的long共同修饰名词branches,所以填beautiful。]
10.the [考查冠词。序数词前加定冠词the,表示“第几个” 。]
1.suspect v.____
2.skillfully adv.__________
3.insight n.____________
4.well-rounded adj.__________________
5.decidedly adv.__________
怀疑
技术熟练地
洞察力;领悟
丰满的;面面俱到的
确实;肯定
6.reportage n.________
7.vivid adj.______________
8.romantic adj.______
9.eventful adj.____________________
10.kitchen n.____
新闻报道
生动的;逼真的
浪漫的
充满大事的;多变故的
厨房
11.burner n.____________________
12.sink n._________________________
13.registry n.______________
14.unpack v.__________
15.significance n._________________
16.wealth n.____
17.abundance n.____
18.renewal n.____
登记处;档案室
打开;开箱
财富
大量
更新
重大意义;重要性
炉膛;(取暖用的)炉子
(厨房里的)洗涤池;洗碗槽
1._______ v.摧毁;毁坏
2._______ n.疾病
3._______ adv.恰好地;正是;精确地;正确地
4.________ adv.顺利地;平滑地
5.__________ adv.万幸地;感激地
6._________ adv.有希望地
7._________ v.代表
8.______ n.象征;符号
destroy
disease
exactly
smoothly
thankfully
hopefully
represent
symbol
1.disappear v.消失→_____________ n.消失
2.warm adj.温暖的→______ n.温暖
3.sad adj.难过的;伤心的→______ v.使难过;使伤心
4.judge v.判断→________ n.判断
5.excite vt.刺激;使激动 →__________ n.激动;兴奋
6.please vt.取悦;请 →_______ adj.感到高兴的;愉悦的
7.mix v.混合 →_______ n.混合;混合物
8.decorate v.装饰→__________ n.装饰
disappearance
warmth
sadden
judgment
excitement
pleased
mixture
decoration
1._____________ 精神错乱
2._____ 结束
3.______ 无意中学会
4.________喊叫;大叫起来
5.________________ 与……有关联
lose one's mind
end up
pick up
give a cry
be associated with
[即时演练]单句语法填空
1.Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead to many ________(disease).
2.Health is frequently thought to be associated ____ a balanced diet and plenty of exercise.
3.All of a sudden, my heart was filled with ______(warm).
diseases
with
warmth
4.A big fire broke out last night and all the houses there ____________
(destroy) in the fire.
5.We were going to see a film, but ended __ chatting all day.
6.I can't advise you what to do; you must use your own __________
(judge).
7.The taller of the two soldiers gave__cry and fell to the ground, pulling the other soldier over.
were destroyed
up
judgment
a
Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)
1.Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.____
2.They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.__________
喷出
迹象;吉兆
Ⅱ.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)
1.There was nothing to it.
[译文] 这没有什么(很简单)。
2.The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party.
[译文] 买房或乔迁新居的人就是举办这次聚会的人。
Ⅲ.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)
1.Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.
[分析] 本句中含有两个非限制性定语从句,第一个定语从句的先行词是this book,Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia是this book的同位语,which引导定语从句并在句中作主语;第二个定语从句的先行词是Karakalpakstan,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用where引导该定语从句。
[译文] 因此有了这本书,《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵之中》,它讲述了一次从塔什干到卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦的公路之旅,在那里,由于海水的缓慢干涸,数百万人的生命被毁。
2.As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage.
[分析] 本句是一个主从复合句。As the author explains是as引导的非限制定语从句,as意为“正如”,neither ...nor ...连接了两个并列的成分a travel(book)和a history book。
[译文] 正如作者所解释的那样,这既不是一本关于旅行的书,也不是一本历史书,甚至都不算是一篇报告文学。
02
核心词汇用法归纳
常考句型结构分析
掌握必备知识
1.wonder n.奇迹,奇观,惊奇v.想知道,对……感到惊奇,对……感到疑惑
(1)It's no wonder(that)...……不足为奇,难怪
It's a wonder (that) ...令人惊奇的是……
in wonder 惊奇地
work/do wonders 创造奇迹
(2)wonder at 对……感到惊奇
wonder if/whether/how/wh-从句 想知道……
(3)wonderful adj.奇妙的
the wonders of modern technology 现代技术的奇迹
wonder about the best place for a holiday 考虑最佳的度假地
have a wonderful and unforgettable trip 有一个奇妙、难忘的旅行
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①What we wondered __ was that Tom should do so well in the test.
②Camping is a good way to spend time with your kids to show them how _________(wonder) nature is.
③___ is no wonder you're tired; you've been walking for hours.
at
wonderful
It
[能力提升]——词汇升级
普通表达:I want to know if you could tell me more about this activity.
高级表达:I ___________ if you could tell me more about this activity.
am wondering
(1)attend a meeting/lecture 出席会议/听演讲
attend a wedding/funeral 参加婚礼/葬礼
attend school/ church 上学/去教堂
(2)attend to 照料;处理;专心于;接待;倾听
attend upon/on 伺候;照料
2.attend v.参加;出席;照料
look forward to attending the football club 期盼着加入足球俱乐部
have an urgent thing to attend to 有一件急事要处理
attend on her sick mother-in-law for over thirty years 伺候她生病的婆婆三十多年
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①There were lots of people _________(attend) the party, some of whom I hadn't seen before.
②There were so many customers that the shop assistants couldn't attend __ them all.
③This time the day after tomorrow I will ___________(attend) a meeting.
attending
to
be attending
[能力提升]——完成句子
她是我们村第一个上大学的女孩子,这使她父母非常自豪。
She is ___________________________ in our village, which makes her parents very proud.
the first girl to attend college
3.heat n.高温;压力;热度;热烈vt.使激动;把……加热
(1)heat up 温热(食物);(事件)急剧升温;(东西)慢慢变热
(2)heated adj.热烈的;被加热的
heater n.加热器,暖气片
hot adj.炎热的;火辣的;流行的
a heated discussion热烈的讨论
a dead heat 不分胜负的赛跑;并列冠军
the heat of an activity 活动最激动人心的时刻
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①What she said at the meeting set off a ______(heat) discussion during our students.
②It is said that nowadays carbon dioxide _________ (heat) the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
heated
is heating
[能力提升]——完成句子
对于是否发展克隆技术的争论很激烈。
_________________________________ whether cloning technique should be developed.
There has been a heated argument about
(1)be panicked into doing sth.惊恐地做某事
panic over/at sth.对……感觉惊恐
(2)in (a) panic惊慌(地)
panic button 应急开关,紧急呼叫按钮
panic buying 恐慌性抢购
(3)过去式和过去分词都是panicked, 现在分词是panicking。
4.panic vi.&vt.惊慌 n.惊慌; 恐慌
panic at the thought/sound of 因想到/听到……而惊恐
feel an animal panic to run and hide感到本能的恐惧要逃避
cause panic among the population引发民众恐慌
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①People were woken from sleep, and they were frightened and __ a panic.
②Everyone in the building ________(panic) when the fire alarm went off.
in
panicked
[能力提升]——一句多译
听到爆炸声,他惊慌地跑着躲避。
①He ______________________ and hiding on hearing the sound of the explosion.(be panicked into doing)
②He ________________________________ and tried to run and hid.(panic at)
was panicked into running
panicked at the sound of the explosion
(1)mess about 做手脚;胡闹
mess up 瞎搅和
mess around 弄混;浪费时间
(2)in a mess 乱七八糟;处境困难;凌乱
make a mess制造混乱;搞成一团糟
what a mess真是一团糟
(3)messy adj.乱糟糟的,凌乱的;棘手的
5.mess n.混乱;困境;脏乱的东西vt.&vi.弄乱,弄脏;毁坏
clear up the mess清理凌乱的东西
make such a mess of one's life把生活弄得一团糟
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Nothing in the room is in _ mess, so I think they couldn't have searched it.
②I have been so busy that I have no time to do the cleaning,so the house looks very _____(mess).
a
messy
[能力提升]——完成句子
史密斯夫人发现难以清理凌乱的房间,因为她的孩子们总是在她想打扫的时候挡道。
Mrs.Smith___________________________, as her children are always in the way whenever she tries to.
finds it hard to clear up the mess
(1)congratulate sb.on/upon (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人祝贺
congratulate oneself on sth.为某事庆幸/感到自豪
(2)congratulation n.祝贺;贺词(常用复数)
offer/send one's congratulations to sb.(on sth.) (为某事)向某人表示祝贺
express/accept one's congratulations 表达/接受某人的祝贺
6.congratulate v.祝贺;庆幸
congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job 为你自己出色的工作感到自豪
offer our congratulations to him on his success in business 我们祝贺他生意兴隆
offer my congratulations on your receiving first prize 我祝贺你获得头等奖
[名师点津] congratulate指对某人取得的成就或喜庆之事表示“庆贺,祝贺”,其宾语是人,常与介词on搭配;celebrate指对某一节日、生日、胜利和成功等的“庆祝”,其宾语是物。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I must congratulate you _______ your successful design of the new bridge.
②We offered him our _______________(congratulate) on his progress in study.
③Please give him my _______________(congratulation) when you see him.
on/upon
congratulations
congratulations
[能力提升]——一句多译
首先,我祝贺你通过了高考。
①Firstly, I'd like to __________________________________ your passing the College Entrance Examination.(congratulation)
②Firstly, I'd like to _________________ your passing the College Entrance Examination.(congratulate)
offer/send my congratulations to you on
congratulate you on
[一词多义]——写出下列句中mark的含义
①She made a mark on the map to show where her house was.____
②I can't believe that he got full marks in his midterm exam.____
③The 3-D film marks a major advance in cinematic techniques.
________
④Our teachers have got a lot of exam papers to mark at the end of the term.____
7.mark v.标志(着);标明;做记号;打分数,批改 n.分数;记号;标志;痕迹
记号
分数
标志(着)
批改
(1)mark...with...用……给……做标记
mark...on...在……上标出……
be marked with 标记着……
mark out 划出(界线、范围)
(2)make a mark 做标记
get a low/high/full mark 得低分/高分/满分
mark a turning point in his career 标志着他职业的转折点
make a mark where you have any questions 在你有问题的地方做个记号
be marked with the name and the class 标注了姓名和班级
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
① He drew out a pile of papers marked ____ name and date which could date from 20 years ago.
②As a result of his hard work, he got full _____(mark) in the English contest yesterday.
③On many trains and buses, there are some special seats ______(mark) out for senior citizens.
with
marks
marked
[能力提升]——一句多译
我给他一份礼物,这标志着我们之间深厚的友谊。
①I gave him a gift, ____________________________ between us.(定语从句)
②I gave him a gift, ________________________ between us.(分词短语作定语)
which marked the deep friendship
marking the deep friendship
(1)try one's fortune 碰运气
bring good fortune 带来好运
make a fortune 发财
(2)fortunate adj.运气好的;幸运的
fortunately adv.幸运地
unfortunately adv.不幸地;遗憾地
misfortune n.厄运
8.fortune n.运气;命运;财富
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It is said that the old man made _ fortune abroad by collecting old things.
② I was _________(fortune) to catch today's last bus at the last minute.
③Due to his __________(fortune),he hurt his leg on his way home.
a
fortunate
misfortune
[能力提升]——完成句子
在中国,给孩子们压岁钱时把钱装在红色信封里,以祈求在新的一年带来好运。
In China, children are given money in a red envelope to______________
in the New Year.
bring good fortune
1.Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
Jenna和Jeff清楚地知道该怎么做。
[句型公式] what to do是“疑问词+不定式”结构。
(1)“疑问词+不定式”的结构可以在句中作主语、宾语或者表语,等同于相应的名词性从句。
(2)能使用“疑问词+不定式”结构的前提是,不定式中的动作发出者多是句子的主语,或者隐含在句中。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I haven't decided when______ (take) a holiday yet.
②With the summer vacation approaching, he is wondering ____ to do during this time.
to take
what
[能力提升]——一句多译
面对如此困境,我不知道如何处理这个棘手问题。
①Faced with such a difficult situation, I don't know _____________ the difficult problem.(疑问词+不定式)
②Faced with such a difficult situation, I don't know________________
___ the difficult problem.(名词性从句)
how to deal with
how I should deal
with
[句型公式] They are easy to care for是“主语+be+adj.+ to do”结构,其中不定式主动表示被动。
2.They are easy to care for and make great presents.
它们很容易照料,而且能作为很棒的礼物。
动词不定式主动表被动的情况:
(1)常用在“主语+系动词+形容词+不定式”和“主语+动词+宾语+形容词+不定式”结构中。常见形容词:difficult, easy, comfortable, convenient, hard, cheap, expensive等。
(2)不定式作定语,放在被修饰词后面,与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系,又与句子中另一名词或代词有主谓关系。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The machine is very easy _________(operate), and anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
②I have a lot of work ____(do) to get ready for tomorrow, so I can't go to the cinema with you.
③The main problem in my study is that words are difficult __________
(memorize).
to operate
to do
to memorize
[能力提升]——一句多译
我热心随和,很容易相处。
①I am warm-hearted and easygoing and I am __________________.
②I am warm-hearted and easygoing and it is ____________________.
easy to get along with
easy to get along with me
03
夯基固本·知识落实
强技提能·知识应用
提升关键能力
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
1.This book was so well worth _______(read) that I bought it without hesitation.
2.Firstly, I advise you to learn the history of the Tang Dynasty, which may be easier ____________(understand).
reading
to understand
3.As for me, _______(read) a good book is just like talking with a learned person.
4.Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a walking journey, as they ______(catch)sight of an old hiker's guide.
5.It will ________(mark) with a green check symbol.
reading
caught
be marked
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词
1.I wonder __________ you can give me some advice on how to make friends.
2.___ express my congratulations,I sent him an e-mail.
3.He has been waiting for a chance to make _ fortune overnight.
4.Tom had to turn ____ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
5.It's so noisy outside that I can't attend __ my work.
if/whether
To
a
down
to
语法填空
The Age of Awakening,a TV series telling the story of how the Communist Party of China 1.______(found) in 1921,has won praise from numerous young people in China lately.
Using The New Youth magazine 2.______background material,the drama 3.______(effective) linked Chen Duxiu,Li Dazhao,and Hu Shi,shining names in the history of the founding of the Party.4.______ (story) about how Mao Zedong,Zhou Enlai,and other passionate youths pursued the truth and explored knowledge were also presented in the series.
The drama 5.______(receive) a lot of applause since its debut in early February.Data from a video site shows that the number of viewers aged 30 and under is about 1.6 times higher than the average standard on the website,6.______ is “beyond expectations”.It is reported that some young audiences even browsed through history books 7.______ watching the drama.Actually,the drama really enabled young people 8.______(understand) that period of history better.
Experts on CPC history suggested that the success showed the younger generation's 9.______ (admire) for the Party.“10.______ (witness) China's tackling of the epidemic,the younger generation wonders why the Party could make the achievements and thus wants to discover the history of it.”
【语篇解读】 本文根据电视剧《觉醒年代》回顾了中国共产党历史上为国家民族而奋斗的老一辈革命家的事迹,并从收视率大增看出年轻一代对中国共产党领导的敬仰之情。
1.was founded [考查谓语动词。根据时间“in 1921”和句意,此处须使用一般过去时的被动结构,found表示“建立”,故填was founded。 ]
2.as [考查介词。根据句意,此处表示“把……当作……”,故填as。]
3.effectively [考查副词。修饰动词linked,须使用副词。 ]
4.Stories [考查名词复数。根据句意,此处指后面多个人的故事,所以使用复数,句首单词首字母大写。]
5.has received [考查现在完成时。since引导时间状语从句,表示“自从……”,主句使用现在完成时。]
6.which [考查非限制性定语从句。从句缺主语,指物,前面有逗号,故只能用which引导。 ]
7.while/when [考查连接词。本句所考查结构为“连接词+非谓语动词”,相当于状语从句。根据句意,此处表示“在……的时候”,故用while/ when。]
8.to understand [考查非谓语动词。enable sb.to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”,故用to understand。]
9.admiration [考查名词。作动词showed的宾语,且前面有所有格限定,故用名词形式。]
10.Having witnessed [考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词短语作状语,表示主动,且动作发生在主句谓语动词之前,位于句首,故填Having witnessed。]
04
话题写作
读后续写
铸就核心价值
Step 1 写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子)
①中秋节是一个重要的中国传统节日。它总是让我们想起满月、月饼等。
The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important traditional Chinese festival.It always ___________ the full moon, mooncakes and so on.
reminds us of
②无论有多远或者我们有多忙,我们都尽量回家庆祝节日并期待家人团聚。
No matter how far away or how busy we are, we will try to come home for the celebration and _____________________________.
③我们和家人玩得开心。我们通常坐在一起,欣赏天空中美丽的月亮。
We ___________ our family.We usually sit together and admire the beautiful moon up in the sky.
look forward to the family reunion
have fun with
④如果有人在这个重要的节日不能到来,他们通常向父母道歉。
If someone ___________ at this important festival, they often make an apology to their parents.
⑤自然地,他们非常想念他们的家人。
__________,they(should) miss their family very much.
can't turn up
Naturally
Step 2 表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
①用非限制性定语从句升级句①
The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important traditional Chinese festival,_____________________________________________________.
which always reminds us of the full moon, mooncakes and so on
②用分词作伴随状语改写句③
We have fun with our family.We usually sit together,_____________
_______________________.
③用it作形式主语改写句⑤
________________ they (should) miss their family very much.
admiring the
beautiful moon up in the sky
It's natural that
Step 3 衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important traditional Chinese festival, which always reminds us of the full moon, mooncakes and so on.Usually, no matter how far away or how busy we are, we will try to come home for the celebration and look forward to the family reunion.We have fun with our family.For example, we usually sit together, admiring the beautiful moon up in the sky.If someone can't turn up at this important festival, they often make an apology to their parents.It's natural that they (should) miss their family very much.
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A few years ago,my life was out of order.I had to try my best to make money for a living.In those days,I felt really sad and worried about everything around me.What's worse,I had been quarreling with my husband about some legal problems.Though this was an unpleasant experience,Janice,my lawyer,was very nice and helpful.At first,I
was especially upset when I had to deal with a lawyer.She explained to me patiently how to solve the problems.I found that we had a lot in common during the conversation.Finally,we got on well with each other.
I remember Janice sending me a bill for her services later.It also came with an email.In the email,she said sorry for the cost and told me that she had already offered me the lowest price.I answered Janice's email,telling her that those services were worth the money and giving thanks to her.Actually,in those poor days,saving every penny did matter a lot to my family.However,I thought that it was really worthwhile to put an end to my marriage and reduce the loss.
The next time I went to see Janice as a friend,she told me that she was so surprised and touched by my words in the email that she sent the email to her husband.Her husband was a partner in the practice,and he in turn showed it to all the other partners.Janice jokingly said,“All the other partners including my husband said I should frame(装裱) your email!” Janice's words and deep appreciation of my email got me thinking for a long time.I was thinking about how to frame my email.Maybe,I could add a special picture to decorate my email.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
That evening,I surfed the Internet and found a picture of a beautiful orange sunset.______________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
When it was ready,I called on Janice in time.________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
That evening,I surfed the Internet and found a picture of a beautiful orange sunset.Then I stuck my email onto the picture.I then brought it to a friend who is good at designing many things,and I asked him to make a framed email for me.Several days later,my friend sent the email which was framed beautifully back to me.What a nice framed email!
When it was ready,I called on Janice in time. She was in a hurry to go out at that time,but she still stayed and let me walk into her office.I told her if she was to have a framed copy of my email,it should be given away to her from me.She was surprised,and kissed me.She said to me that she would find the best place to put it in her office.Later,I had a date with Janice,she showed me the framed email.It was across her desk,full view from her desk and placed between her Law Degrees!INCLUDEPICTURE "../五年高考真题重做.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "../阅读理解.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ·C)
In the mid 1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind.A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that.Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24 year old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society.In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing.In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬礼)followed by a strange drinking party.And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes.His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach.As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage.Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Tom Bissell写的一本关于咸海和他旅行经历的书。它是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察。这篇文章引导学生运用辩证思维欣赏外国历史、传统与文化,开阔视野。
1.What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan
A.His friends' invitation.
B.His interest in the country.
C.His love for teaching.
D.His desire to regain health.
B [细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.”可知,几年后,他仍然被这个国家所吸引,回到乌兹别克斯坦来写一篇关于咸海消失的文章。所以是Bissell先生对乌兹别克斯坦的兴趣促使他回到这个国家,故选B项。]
2.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A.Developing a serious mental disease.
B.Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C.Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D.Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
D [代词指代题。根据第一段的最后一句“A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.(几年后,他仍然被这个国家所吸引,回到乌兹别克斯坦来写一篇关于咸海消失的文章)”以及第二段的第一句“His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that.(然而,他的访问最终涉及的远不止于此)”可知,此处that指的是“写一篇有关咸海消失的文章”这件事。]
3.Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan
A.Romantic. B.Eventful.
C.Pleasant. D.Dangerous.
B [推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知,在乌兹别克斯坦旅行期间,他既欣赏了当地的建筑奇观,也亲身经历了在他涉嫌毒品交易时警方采取的方法,还参加过特殊的葬礼,遇到过沙尘暴、疾病、渔船被困在海里等,这说明Tom Bissell的乌兹别克斯坦之行是“充满(有趣、重要)事件的”(eventful),故选B项。]
4.What is the purpose of this text
A.To introduce a book.
B.To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C.To remember a writer.
D.To recommend a travel destination.
A [写作意图题。文章第一段提到,Tom Bissell在几年之后回到乌兹别克斯坦,想写一篇关于咸海消失的文章,结果写成了一本书。接下来第二、三段详细介绍了书中的内容,最后一段是对这本书的总体评价。由此可知,文章的写作目的是介绍一本书,故选A项。]
INCLUDEPICTURE "../读后续写.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)
A MOTHER'S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day.How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed.They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge.They had watched their mother in the kitchen.There was nothing to it.Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last.The alarm rang at 6 a.m.The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen.They decided to boil the porridge first.They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast.Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk.Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture.Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan.Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread.The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds.Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire.Jenna panicked.Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly.But the stove was a mess now.Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge.But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain.Jenna made him put his hand in cold water.Then she caught the smell of burning.Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.One look and he knew what they were up to.Seeing their crestfallen faces, he told them to clean up the kitchen while he helped them make breakfast for Mother.The twins cheered up and did as told.Within an hour, the kitchen was cleaned up, and Father had made some egg sandwiches and cooked some oat porridge.Then he sneaked back to bed.Meanwhile, the twins prepared the breakfast tray, added a card they had made and walked out of the kitchen.(82 words)
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.They hugged her and yelled, “Happy Mother's Day, darling Mummy!” Mother hugged the twins.Her eyes widened at the sight of the breakfast tray.She shook Father who was pretending to snore.He feigned astonishment when he saw the breakfast.Mother bit into a sandwich and said it was the best she had ever tasted.Jeff immediately wanted to have a bite.Jenna caught her father's eye and they winked at each other secretly.(76 words)
INCLUDEPICTURE "../阅读七选五.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house.The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party.The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 1 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
2 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores.Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.Even if there isn't a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
3 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party.The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home.Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 4
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 5 Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.
A.This isn't usual though.
B.It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C.You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D.If you're lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乔迁聚会的定义、习俗以及来源。
1.E [本空是过渡句。结合空前一句“The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.”和空后一句“And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.”可知,空处讲的应是乔迁聚会给人们带来的好处,因此E项符合语境。]
2.B [本空是段落主题句。结合本段中的“a good housewarming gift...or a plant”可知,本段主要讲的是带礼物参加乔迁聚会是一个传统,B项符合语境。]
3.C [本空是过渡句。根据空后一句“This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.”可知,空处讲你也可以带食物或饮料与其他客人分享,故C项符合语境。]
4.A [本空是段尾句。根据空前一句可知,在乔迁聚会上让人们帮忙打开箱子不常见,所以A项符合语境。]
5.G [本空是过渡句。结合上文中的“bring firewood to a new home as a gift” 和空后一句“Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.”可知,空处应与取暖相关,故G项符合语境。]
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(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for
Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 1.______ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2.___ (carry) special significance.They represent the earth 3.______(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 4.______ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.They make great gifts and you see them many times 5.______ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices.6.______ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.Bamboo plants are associated 7.______ health, abundance and a happy home.They are easy 8. (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 9.______ (beauty) long branches covered with pink colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.The plum trees are 10.______ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国人在庆祝春节时用植物、水果和鲜花来做装饰以及它们所代表的美好寓意。
1.celebration [考查词性转换(动词变名词)。不定冠词a后面接可数名词单数,所以填celebration。]
2.carries [考查时态和主谓一致。在why引导的表语从句中,动名词短语decorating...flowers作主语,谓语动词用单数,并且此处讲的是客观事实,用一般现在时,所以填carries。]
3.coming [考查非谓语动词。the earth和come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,所以填coming。]
4.than [考查固定搭配。more than为固定搭配,在这里表示“不仅仅” ,所以填than。]
5.decorated [考查非谓语动词。空前的them指代上文的Orange trees,和decorate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用动词的 ed形式作宾语补足语,所以填decorated。]
6.Certainly [考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。此处修饰整个句子,且位于句首,所以填Certainly。]
7.with [考查固定搭配。be associated with...是固定搭配,表示“与……有关” 。]
8.to care [考查非谓语动词。此处考查“be+adj.+to do” 结构。注意此处用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。]
9.beautiful [考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。空处和空后的long共同修饰名词branches,所以填beautiful。]
10.the [考查冠词。序数词前加定冠词the,表示“第几个” 。]
INCLUDEPICTURE "../主题语境词汇存储.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "../三栏1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1.suspect v.怀疑
2.skillfully adv.技术熟练地
3.insight n.洞察力;领悟
4.well rounded adj.丰满的;面面俱到的
5.decidedly adv.确实;肯定
6.reportage n.新闻报道
7.vivid adj.生动的;逼真的
8.romantic adj.浪漫的
9.eventful adj.充满大事的;多变故的
10.kitchen n.厨房
11.burner n.炉膛;(取暖用的)炉子
12.sink n.(厨房里的)洗涤池;洗碗槽
13.registry n.登记处;档案室
14.unpack v.打开;开箱
15.significance n.重大意义;重要性
16.wealth n.财富
17.abundance n.大量
18.renewal n.更新
INCLUDEPICTURE "../三栏3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "../三栏1+.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1.destroy v.摧毁;毁坏
2.disease n.疾病
3.exactly adv.恰好地;正是;精确地;正确地
4.smoothly adv.顺利地;平滑地
5.thankfully adv.万幸地;感激地
6.hopefully adv.有希望地
7.represent v.代表
8.symbol n.象征;符号
INCLUDEPICTURE "../三栏3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "../二栏1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1.disappear v.消失→disappearance n.消失
2.warm adj.温暖的→warmth n.温暖
3.sad adj.难过的;伤心的→sadden v.使难过;使伤心
4.judge v.判断→judgment n.判断
5.excite vt.刺激;使激动 →excitement n.激动;兴奋
6.please vt.取悦;请 →pleased adj.感到高兴的;愉悦的
7.mix v.混合 →mixture n.混合;混合物
8.decorate v.装饰→decoration n.装饰
INCLUDEPICTURE "../二栏3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "../二栏1+.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1.lose one's mind 精神错乱
2.end up 结束
3.pick up 无意中学会
4.give a cry喊叫;大叫起来
5.be associated with 与……有关联
INCLUDEPICTURE "../二栏3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
[即时演练]单句语法填空
1.Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead to many diseases(disease).
2.Health is frequently thought to be associated with a balanced diet and plenty of exercise.
3.All of a sudden, my heart was filled with warmth(warm).
4.A big fire broke out last night and all the houses there were destroyed(destroy) in the fire.
5.We were going to see a film, but ended up chatting all day.
6.I can't advise you what to do; you must use your own judgment(judge).
7.The taller of the two soldiers gave a cry and fell to the ground, pulling the other soldier over.
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Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)
1.Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.喷出
2.They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.迹象;吉兆
Ⅱ.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)
1.There was nothing to it.
[译文] 这没有什么(很简单)。
2.The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party.
[译文] 买房或乔迁新居的人就是举办这次聚会的人。
Ⅲ.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)
1.Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.
[分析] 本句中含有两个非限制性定语从句,第一个定语从句的先行词是this book,Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia是this book的同位语,which引导定语从句并在句中作主语;第二个定语从句的先行词是Karakalpakstan,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用where引导该定语从句。
[译文] 因此有了这本书,《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵之中》,它讲述了一次从塔什干到卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦的公路之旅,在那里,由于海水的缓慢干涸,数百万人的生命被毁。
2.As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage.
[分析] 本句是一个主从复合句。As the author explains是as引导的非限制定语从句,as意为“正如”,neither ...nor ...连接了两个并列的成分a travel(book)和a history book。
[译文] 正如作者所解释的那样,这既不是一本关于旅行的书,也不是一本历史书,甚至都不算是一篇报告文学。
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1.wonder n.奇迹,奇观,惊奇v.想知道,对……感到惊奇,对……感到疑惑
(1)It's no wonder(that)...……不足为奇,难怪
It's a wonder (that) ...令人惊奇的是……
in wonder 惊奇地
work/do wonders 创造奇迹
(2)wonder at 对……感到惊奇
wonder if/whether/how/wh 从句 想知道……
(3)wonderful adj.奇妙的
INCLUDEPICTURE "../词块积累1.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
the wonders of modern technology 现代技术的奇迹
wonder about the best place for a holiday 考虑最佳的度假地
have a wonderful and unforgettable trip 有一个奇妙、难忘的旅行
INCLUDEPICTURE "../词块积累3.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①What we wondered at was that Tom should do so well in the test.
②Camping is a good way to spend time with your kids to show them how wonderful(wonder) nature is.
③It is no wonder you're tired; you've been walking for hours.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
普通表达:I want to know if you could tell me more about this activity.
高级表达:I am wondering if you could tell me more about this activity.
2.attend v.参加;出席;照料
(1)attend a meeting/lecture 出席会议/听演讲
attend a wedding/funeral 参加婚礼/葬礼
attend school/ church 上学/去教堂
(2)attend to 照料;处理;专心于;接待;倾听
attend upon/on 伺候;照料
INCLUDEPICTURE "../词块积累1.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
look forward to attending the football club 期盼着加入足球俱乐部
have an urgent thing to attend to 有一件急事要处理
attend on her sick mother in law for over thirty years 伺候她生病的婆婆三十多年
INCLUDEPICTURE "../词块积累3.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①There were lots of people attending(attend) the party, some of whom I hadn't seen before.
②There were so many customers that the shop assistants couldn't attend to them all.
③This time the day after tomorrow I will be attending(attend) a meeting.
[能力提升]——完成句子
她是我们村第一个上大学的女孩子,这使她父母非常自豪。
She is the first girl to attend college in our village, which makes her parents very proud.
3.heat n.高温;压力;热度;热烈vt.使激动;把……加热
(1)heat up 温热(食物);(事件)急剧升温;(东西)慢慢变热
(2)heated adj.热烈的;被加热的
heater n.加热器,暖气片
hot adj.炎热的;火辣的;流行的
INCLUDEPICTURE "../词块积累1.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
a heated discussion热烈的讨论
a dead heat 不分胜负的赛跑;并列冠军
the heat of an activity 活动最激动人心的时刻
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[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①What she said at the meeting set off a heated(heat) discussion during our students.
②It is said that nowadays carbon dioxide is heating (heat) the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
[能力提升]——完成句子
对于是否发展克隆技术的争论很激烈。
There has been a heated argument about whether cloning technique should be developed.
4.panic vi.&vt.惊慌 n.惊慌; 恐慌
(1)be panicked into doing sth.惊恐地做某事
panic over/at sth.对……感觉惊恐
(2)in (a) panic惊慌(地)
panic button 应急开关,紧急呼叫按钮
panic buying 恐慌性抢购
(3)过去式和过去分词都是panicked, 现在分词是panicking。
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panic at the thought/sound of 因想到/听到……而惊恐
feel an animal panic to run and hide感到本能的恐惧要逃避
cause panic among the population引发民众恐慌
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[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①People were woken from sleep, and they were frightened and in a panic.
②Everyone in the building panicked(panic) when the fire alarm went off.
[能力提升]——一句多译
听到爆炸声,他惊慌地跑着躲避。
①He was panicked into running and hiding on hearing the sound of the explosion.(be panicked into doing)
②He panicked at the sound of the explosion and tried to run and hid.(panic at)
5.mess n.混乱;困境;脏乱的东西vt.&vi.弄乱,弄脏;毁坏
(1)mess about 做手脚;胡闹
mess up 瞎搅和
mess around 弄混;浪费时间
(2)in a mess 乱七八糟;处境困难;凌乱
make a mess制造混乱;搞成一团糟
what a mess真是一团糟
(3)messy adj.乱糟糟的,凌乱的;棘手的
INCLUDEPICTURE "../词块积累1.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
clear up the mess清理凌乱的东西
make such a mess of one's life把生活弄得一团糟
INCLUDEPICTURE "../词块积累3.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Nothing in the room is in a mess, so I think they couldn't have searched it.
②I have been so busy that I have no time to do the cleaning,so the house looks very messy(mess).
[能力提升]——完成句子
史密斯夫人发现难以清理凌乱的房间,因为她的孩子们总是在她想打扫的时候挡道。
Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always in the way whenever she tries to.
6.congratulate v.祝贺;庆幸
(1)congratulate sb.on/upon (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人祝贺
congratulate oneself on sth.为某事庆幸/感到自豪
(2)congratulation n.祝贺;贺词(常用复数)
offer/send one's congratulations to sb.(on sth.) (为某事)向某人表示祝贺
express/accept one's congratulations 表达/接受某人的祝贺
INCLUDEPICTURE "../词块积累1.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job 为你自己出色的工作感到自豪
offer our congratulations to him on his success in business 我们祝贺他生意兴隆
offer my congratulations on your receiving first prize 我祝贺你获得头等奖
INCLUDEPICTURE "../词块积累3.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
[名师点津] congratulate指对某人取得的成就或喜庆之事表示“庆贺,祝贺”,其宾语是人,常与介词on搭配;celebrate指对某一节日、生日、胜利和成功等的“庆祝”,其宾语是物。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I must congratulate you on/upon your successful design of the new bridge.
②We offered him our congratulations(congratulate) on his progress in study.
③Please give him my congratulations(congratulation) when you see him.
[能力提升]——一句多译
首先,我祝贺你通过了高考。
①Firstly, I'd like to offer/send my congratulations to you on your passing the College Entrance Examination.(congratulation)
②Firstly, I'd like to congratulate you on your passing the College Entrance Examination.(congratulate)
7.mark v.标志(着);标明;做记号;打分数,批改 n.分数;记号;标志;痕迹
[一词多义]——写出下列句中mark的含义
①She made a mark on the map to show where her house was.记号
②I can't believe that he got full marks in his midterm exam.分数
③The 3 D film marks a major advance in cinematic techniques.标志(着)
④Our teachers have got a lot of exam papers to mark at the end of the term.批改
(1)mark...with...用……给……做标记
mark...on...在……上标出……
be marked with 标记着……
mark out 划出(界线、范围)
(2)make a mark 做标记
get a low/high/full mark 得低分/高分/满分
INCLUDEPICTURE "../词块积累1.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
mark a turning point in his career 标志着他职业的转折点
make a mark where you have any questions 在你有问题的地方做个记号
be marked with the name and the class 标注了姓名和班级
INCLUDEPICTURE "../词块积累3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
① He drew out a pile of papers marked with name and date which could date from 20 years ago.
②As a result of his hard work, he got full marks(mark) in the English contest yesterday.
③On many trains and buses, there are some special seats marked(mark) out for senior citizens.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我给他一份礼物,这标志着我们之间深厚的友谊。
①I gave him a gift, which marked the deep friendship between us.(定语从句)
②I gave him a gift, marking the deep friendship between us.(分词短语作定语)
8.fortune n.运气;命运;财富
(1)try one's fortune 碰运气
bring good fortune 带来好运
make a fortune 发财
(2)fortunate adj.运气好的;幸运的
fortunately adv.幸运地
unfortunately adv.不幸地;遗憾地
misfortune n.厄运
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It is said that the old man made a fortune abroad by collecting old things.
② I was fortunate(fortune) to catch today's last bus at the last minute.
③Due to his misfortune(fortune),he hurt his leg on his way home.
[能力提升]——完成句子
在中国,给孩子们压岁钱时把钱装在红色信封里,以祈求在新的一年带来好运。
In China, children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year.
INCLUDEPICTURE "../常考句型结构分析.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
1.Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
Jenna和Jeff清楚地知道该怎么做。
[句型公式] what to do是“疑问词+不定式”结构。
(1)“疑问词+不定式”的结构可以在句中作主语、宾语或者表语,等同于相应的名词性从句。
(2)能使用“疑问词+不定式”结构的前提是,不定式中的动作发出者多是句子的主语,或者隐含在句中。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I haven't decided when to take (take) a holiday yet.
②With the summer vacation approaching, he is wondering what to do during this time.
[能力提升]——一句多译
面对如此困境,我不知道如何处理这个棘手问题。
①Faced with such a difficult situation, I don't know how to deal with the difficult problem.(疑问词+不定式)
②Faced with such a difficult situation, I don't know how I should deal with the difficult problem.(名词性从句)
2.They are easy to care for and make great presents.
它们很容易照料,而且能作为很棒的礼物。
[句型公式] They are easy to care for是“主语+be+adj.+ to do”结构,其中不定式主动表示被动。
动词不定式主动表被动的情况:
(1)常用在“主语+系动词+形容词+不定式”和“主语+动词+宾语+形容词+不定式”结构中。常见形容词:difficult, easy, comfortable, convenient, hard, cheap, expensive等。
(2)不定式作定语,放在被修饰词后面,与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系,又与句子中另一名词或代词有主谓关系。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The machine is very easy to operate(operate), and anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
②I have a lot of work to do(do) to get ready for tomorrow, so I can't go to the cinema with you.
③The main problem in my study is that words are difficult to memorize(memorize).
[能力提升]——一句多译
我热心随和,很容易相处。
①I am warm hearted and easygoing and I am easy to get along with.
②I am warm hearted and easygoing and it is easy to get along with me.
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INCLUDEPICTURE "../夯基固本.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
1.This book was so well worth reading(read) that I bought it without hesitation.
2.Firstly, I advise you to learn the history of the Tang Dynasty, which may be easier to understand(understand).
3.As for me, reading(read) a good book is just like talking with a learned person.
4.Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a walking journey, as they caught(catch)sight of an old hiker's guide.
5.It will be marked(mark) with a green check symbol.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词
1.I wonder if/whether you can give me some advice on how to make friends.
2.To express my congratulations,I sent him an e mail.
3.He has been waiting for a chance to make a fortune overnight.
4.Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
5.It's so noisy outside that I can't attend to my work.
INCLUDEPICTURE "../强技提能.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
语法填空
The Age of Awakening,a TV series telling the story of how the Communist Party of China 1.______(found) in 1921,has won praise from numerous young people in China lately.
Using The New Youth magazine 2.______background material,the drama 3.______(effective) linked Chen Duxiu,Li Dazhao,and Hu Shi,shining names in the history of the founding of the Party.4.______ (story) about how Mao Zedong,Zhou Enlai,and other passionate youths pursued the truth and explored knowledge were also presented in the series.
The drama 5.______(receive) a lot of applause since its debut in early February.Data from a video site shows that the number of viewers aged 30 and under is about 1.6 times higher than the average standard on the website,6.______ is “beyond expectations”.It is reported that some young audiences even browsed through history books 7.______ watching the drama.Actually,the drama really enabled young people 8.______(understand) that period of history better.
Experts on CPC history suggested that the success showed the younger generation's 9.______ (admire) for the Party.“10.______ (witness) China's tackling of the epidemic,the younger generation wonders why the Party could make the achievements and thus wants to discover the history of it.”
【语篇解读】 本文根据电视剧《觉醒年代》回顾了中国共产党历史上为国家民族而奋斗的老一辈革命家的事迹,并从收视率大增看出年轻一代对中国共产党领导的敬仰之情。
1.was founded [考查谓语动词。根据时间“in 1921”和句意,此处须使用一般过去时的被动结构,found表示“建立”,故填was founded。 ]
2.as [考查介词。根据句意,此处表示“把……当作……”,故填as。]
3.effectively [考查副词。修饰动词linked,须使用副词。 ]
4.Stories [考查名词复数。根据句意,此处指后面多个人的故事,所以使用复数,句首单词首字母大写。]
5.has received [考查现在完成时。since引导时间状语从句,表示“自从……”,主句使用现在完成时。]
6.which [考查非限制性定语从句。从句缺主语,指物,前面有逗号,故只能用which引导。 ]
7.while/when [考查连接词。本句所考查结构为“连接词+非谓语动词”,相当于状语从句。根据句意,此处表示“在……的时候”,故用while/ when。]
8.to understand [考查非谓语动词。enable sb.to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”,故用to understand。]
9.admiration [考查名词。作动词showed的宾语,且前面有所有格限定,故用名词形式。]
10.Having witnessed [考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词短语作状语,表示主动,且动作发生在主句谓语动词之前,位于句首,故填Having witnessed。]
INCLUDEPICTURE "../铸就核心价值.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "../话题写作.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "../写作要点.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT (根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子)
①中秋节是一个重要的中国传统节日。它总是让我们想起满月、月饼等。
The Mid Autumn Festival is an important traditional Chinese festival.It always reminds us of the full moon, mooncakes and so on.
②无论有多远或者我们有多忙,我们都尽量回家庆祝节日并期待家人团聚。
No matter how far away or how busy we are, we will try to come home for the celebration and look forward to the family reunion.
③我们和家人玩得开心。我们通常坐在一起,欣赏天空中美丽的月亮。
We have fun with our family.We usually sit together and admire the beautiful moon up in the sky.
④如果有人在这个重要的节日不能到来,他们通常向父母道歉。
If someone can't turn up at this important festival, they often make an apology to their parents.
⑤自然地,他们非常想念他们的家人。
Naturally,they(should) miss their family very much.
INCLUDEPICTURE "../表达升级.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT (改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
①用非限制性定语从句升级句①
The Mid Autumn Festival is an important traditional Chinese festival,which always reminds us of the full moon, mooncakes and so on.
②用分词作伴随状语改写句③
We have fun with our family.We usually sit together,admiring the beautiful moon up in the sky.
③用it作形式主语改写句⑤
It's natural that they (should) miss their family very much.
INCLUDEPICTURE "../衔接成文.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT (利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
The Mid Autumn Festival is an important traditional Chinese festival, which always reminds us of the full moon, mooncakes and so on.Usually, no matter how far away or how busy we are, we will try to come home for the celebration and look forward to the family reunion.We have fun with our family.For example, we usually sit together, admiring the beautiful moon up in the sky.If someone can't turn up at this important festival, they often make an apology to their parents.It's natural that they (should) miss their family very much.
INCLUDEPICTURE "../读后续写.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A few years ago,my life was out of order.I had to try my best to make money for a living.In those days,I felt really sad and worried about everything around me.What's worse,I had been quarreling with my husband about some legal problems.Though this was an unpleasant experience,Janice,my lawyer,was very nice and helpful.At first,I was especially upset when I had to deal with a lawyer.She explained to me patiently how to solve the problems.I found that we had a lot in common during the conversation.Finally,we got on well with each other.
I remember Janice sending me a bill for her services later.It also came with an email.In the email,she said sorry for the cost and told me that she had already offered me the lowest price.I answered Janice's email,telling her that those services were worth the money and giving thanks to her.Actually,in those poor days,saving every penny did matter a lot to my family.However,I thought that it was really worthwhile to put an end to my marriage and reduce the loss.
The next time I went to see Janice as a friend,she told me that she was so surprised and touched by my words in the email that she sent the email to her husband.Her husband was a partner in the practice,and he in turn showed it to all the other partners.Janice jokingly said,“All the other partners including my husband said I should frame(装裱) your email!” Janice's words and deep appreciation of my email got me thinking for a long time.I was thinking about how to frame my email.Maybe,I could add a special picture to decorate my email.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
That evening,I surfed the Internet and found a picture of a beautiful orange sunset._____________________________________________________________
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When it was ready,I called on Janice in time._________________________
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【参考范文】
That evening,I surfed the Internet and found a picture of a beautiful orange sunset.Then I stuck my email onto the picture.I then brought it to a friend who is good at designing many things,and I asked him to make a framed email for me.Several days later,my friend sent the email which was framed beautifully back to me.What a nice framed email!
When it was ready,I called on Janice in time. She was in a hurry to go out at that time,but she still stayed and let me walk into her office.I told her if she was to have a framed copy of my email,it should be given away to her from me.She was surprised,and kissed me.She said to me that she would find the best place to put it in her office.Later,I had a date with Janice,she showed me the framed email.It was across her desk,full view from her desk and placed between her Law Degrees!