(共118张PPT)
子主题(七) 重大政治、历史事件，文化渊源
主题群三 历史、社会与文化
01
培育学科素养
五年高考真题重做
主题语境词汇存储
奇特语言现象探究
A (2020·全国卷Ⅱ·A)
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History，Culture & Landscape(景观)．Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history，5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk．Owned by the Hasell family since 1679，home to the International Marmalade Festival．Gifts and antiques，plant sales，museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom．
Open：29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs．
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30－17.00(16.00 in Oct)．
House：11.15－16.00(15.00 in Oct)．
Town：Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery．The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives．
Open：Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays．10.30－17.00 Summer．10.30－16.00 Winter．
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover，explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House，where historic collections，contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery．There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun，so there's something for everyone!
Open：High Season 1 Apr－31 Oct：Mon to Sat 10.00－17.00，Sun 11.00－17.00．
Low Season 1 Nov－31 Mar：Mon to Sat 10.00－16.30，Sun 12.00－16.30．
Town：Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth's inspirational home．Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage，walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum．Visit the shop and relax in the café．Exhibitions，events and family activities throughout the year．
Open：Daily，09.30－17.30(last admission 17.00)．
Town：Grasmere
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了几个湖区景点，包括其营业时间及地点等。
1．When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July
A．09.30－17.30． B．10.30－16.00．
C．11.15－16.00． D．12.00－16.30．
C [细节理解题。根据Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens部分的信息“House：11.15－16.00(15.00 in Oct)”可知答案。故选C。]
2．What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
A．Enjoy Romney's works．
B．Have some interactive fun．
C．Attend a famous festival．
D．Learn the history of a family．
A [细节理解题。根据Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum部分的信息“The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives．”可知，游客可以在此处欣赏Romney的作品。故选A。]
3．Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth's life
A．Penrith． B．Kendal．
C．Carlisle． D．Grasmere．
D [细节理解题。根据Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum部分的信息“Town：Grasmere”可知，如果游客想了解Wordsworth的生活可以去Grasmere。故选D。]
B (2020·全国卷Ⅲ·A)
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence (13 days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof．Ori Z．Soltes．We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world．Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin．Fields of flowers，tile-roofed (瓦屋顶) villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience．
Southern Spain(15 days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent (芳香) of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs．As we travel south from Madrid with Prof．Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Mérida and into Andalucia，we explore historical monuments and architecture．
China's Sacred Landscapes(21 days)
Discover the China of “past ages，”its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof．Robert Thorp．Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples．We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai．
Tunisia (17 days)
Join Prof．Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour．Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia，Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，unique for underground cities．Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches．
【语篇解读】 游客可以和学者们一起去探索世界各地的历史文化景观，本文介绍了法国普罗旺斯、西班牙南部、中国的神圣景观和突尼斯。
4．What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain
A．Historical monuments．
B．Fields of flowers．
C．Van Gogh's paintings．
D．Greek buildings．
A [细节理解题。根据Classical Provence部分中的“We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments”和Southern Spain部分中的“we explore historical monuments and architecture”可知，游客在普罗旺斯和西班牙南部都可以看到历史纪念碑，故A项正确。]
5．Which country is Prof．Thorp most knowledgeable about
A．France． B．Spain．
C．China． D．Tunisia．
C [细节理解题。根据China's Sacred Landscapes部分中的“Discover the China of ‘past ages，’ its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof．Robert Thorp．”可知，Thorp教授对中国最有研究，故C项正确。]
6．Which of the following highlights the Tunisian tour
A．White towns．
B．Underground cities．
C．Tile-roofed villages．
D．Rolling hills．
B [细节理解题。根据Tunisia部分中的“Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga...unique for underground cities．”可知，突尼斯之行的最精彩的部分在地下城，故B项正确。]
C (2018·全国卷Ⅰ·A)
Washington，D．C．Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
Duration：3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D．C．Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom．Reserve your spot before availability－and the cherry blossoms－disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration：3 hours(4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington，D．C．Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop．Guided tour includes bike，helmet，cookies and bottled water．
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
Duration：3 hours
Morning or Afternoon，this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C．newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington，D．C．in a healthy way with minimum effort．Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks．Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing．
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration：3 hours(7 miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington，D．C．Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall．Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history．Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water．All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights．
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了在华盛顿特区骑自行车观光的四条路线、参观的主要景点和从事的活动。
7．Which tour do you need to book in advance
A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour．
C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour．
A [细节理解题。根据第一条旅行路线介绍的最后一句“Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear！”可知，选择第一条旅行路线需要提前预订。]
8．What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour
A．Meet famous people．
B．Go to a national park．
C．Visit well-known museums．
D．Enjoy interesting stories．
D [细节理解题。根据第三条旅行路线介绍中的“Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks．”可知，选择这条旅行路线的游客可以在观光过程中听导游讲故事。]
9．Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide
A．City maps． B．Cameras．
C．Meals． D．Safety lights．
D [细节理解题。第四条旅行路线是夜间游览，根据该段介绍的最后一句“All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights．”可知，该路线为夜间骑车观光的游客提供反光背心和安全灯。]
D (2016·全国卷Ⅱ·D)
A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life．
Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism—if they had been made last week．In fact，they were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难)，by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival．Many of the images were stored in an ice chest，under freezing water，in the damaged wooden ship．
The ship was the Endurance, a small，tight，Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists，27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea．From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent．The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done．Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back．
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort．Scott's last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger，caught the world's imagination，and a film made in his honor drew crowds．Shackleton，a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908，started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography．Frank Hurley，a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images，most of which have never before been published．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。1914年到1916年间，一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生海难，其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片，并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰箱里。通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不太成功的探险经历。
10．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley
A．They were made last week．
B．They showed undersea sceneries．
C．They were found by a cameraman．
D．They recorded a disastrous adventure．
D [细节理解题。由题干中的the photos taken by Hurley定位到文章第二段开头。该段说这些照片即使是上个星期拍的也堪称佳作，故A项错误；该段中还说照片是在一次海难之后拍的，故D项正确；文章没有说拍摄的是海底景观，故B项错误；拍摄者是摄影师，但没有说是一名摄影师发现了这些照片，故C项错误。]
11．Who reached the South Pole first according to the text
A．Frank Hurley．
B．Ernest Shackleton．
C．Robert Falcon Scott．
D．Caroline Alexander．
C [推理判断题。由题干中的“第一个到达南极”这条信息定位到第三段。被发现的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比Robert Falcon Scott船长先前的探险更大的收获，该船长在1912年就到达了南极。由此推断Robert Falcon Scott是最先到达南极的人，故选C项。]
12．What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage
A．Artistic creation．
B．Scientific research．
C．Money making．
D．Treasure hunting．
C [细节理解题。题干的Alexander在最后一段出现，the 1914 voyage指本文谈到的Endurance这艘船的探险，该段开头说，这个作家在她的小说The Endurance中说，在那时，探险就已经是纯商业活动(a thoroughly commercial effort)了，因此1914年航行的目的是赚钱(money making)，故选C项。A项“艺术创作”，B项“科学调研”，D项“寻宝”，均未体现。]
1．historic adj．__________
2．landscape n．____
3．permanent adj．______
4．preserve v．____
5．temple n．____
历史著名的
风景
长久的
保护
寺庙
6．scenery n．____
7．exceptional adj．______
8．reserve n．____
9．minimum n．______
10．route n．____
景色
杰出的
预订
最小值
路线
11．wooden adj．______
12．shore n．____
13．continent n．____
14．commercial adj．______
15．photography n．____
木制的
海岸
大陆
商业的
摄影
1．________ n．区，地区
2．__________ n．展览
3．_____ n．事件，项目
4．______ v．徘徊
5．______ adj．平滑的
6．______ n．航行，旅行
7．_____ n．影像
8．________ adj．极冷的
district
exhibition
event
wander
smooth
voyage
image
freezing
1．impress v．给人留下深刻的印象→__________ adj．给人印象深刻的
2．explore v．探索→___________ n．探索
3．available adj．可用的→____________ n．可用的人/物
4．frequent adj．频繁的→_________ n．频度
5．disaster n．灾难→__________ adj．灾难性的
impressive
exploration
availability
frequency
disastrous
6．reason n．原因，理由→__________ adj．合情理的
7．expect v．预期→___________ n．期望
8．thorough adj．彻底的→__________ adv．彻底地
9．photograph n．照片 v．拍照→____________ n．拍照者；摄影师
reasonable
expectation
thoroughly
photographer
1．_________ 是……的故乡
2．___________ 旅行
3．_________ 提前
4．_____ 总共
5．____________ 为纪念
be home to
take a tour of
in advance
in all
in one's honor
[即时演练]单句语法填空
1．___________(preserve) natural habitats，biologists expected the government to make laws that would arrest commercial development in these areas．
2．It is ________(freeze) outside now，and more snow is falling on already frozen streets．
3．Thanks to the ________(advance) technology，we live in an age of bettered communication．
To preserve
freezing
advanced
4．With the stadium set up，a wide range of sports ______ (event) are now able to be held．
5．I ____________(wander) along the pavement yesterday when some strangers came up and asked me the way to the police station．
6．Do you know the __________ background of the ________ flight？(history)
7．Newly-built ______(wood) cottages line the street，turning the old town into a dreamland．
events
was wandering
historical
historic
wooden
8．___ all，from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor to the time they can be implanted in the patient，we've got 72 hours at most．
9．____ old temple whose roof was damaged in the storm is now under construction．
In
The
Ⅰ．熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)
1．Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history，5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk．______
2．The ship was the Endurance，a small，tight，Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists，27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea．____
著名的
桅杆
Ⅱ．似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)
1．Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage，walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum．
[译文] 参观他的湖畔小屋，穿过他的山坡花园，探索博物馆里丰富的藏品。
2．From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled across the continent．
[译文] 从那个地方，沙克尔顿想用狗拉雪橇的方式强行穿越南极大陆。
Ⅲ．复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)
1．Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery．
[分析] 主语是Those，指those people；谓语是may be forgiven。viewing短语作定语修饰those; they are in a city gallery则是thinking的宾语从句。
[译文] 观看阿伯特庄园临时展出的人可能会觉得他们身处市美术馆里，这是情有可原的。
2．Scott's last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger，caught the world's imagination，and a film made in his honor drew crowds．
[分析] 本句是and连接的两个并列分句构成。前面分句的主语是Scott's last journey，谓语部分是caught the world's imagination，completed是过去分词作定语，as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger是状语从句修饰completed。后一个分句的主语是a film，谓语部分是drew crowds; made in his honor为过去分词短语作定语，修饰film。
[译文] 斯科特在最后一次旅程结束时，躺在帐篷里饥寒交迫，奄奄一息，这引发了世人的想象力，为向其表达敬意而拍摄的一部电影吸引了大量观众。
3．Shackleton，a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908，started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography．
[分析] 主语是Shackleton，谓语部分是started a business，其后都是状语；主语后面的a onetime...是名词短语作同位语，说明Shackleton的身份，who had got ...是定语从句，修饰officer。
[译文] 沙克尔顿曾是英国一名海军军官。1908年，他到达了距南极不到100英里的地方。在1914年出航前，他就已经开始做生意，靠拍摄电影和静物摄影赚钱。
02
核心词汇用法归纳
常考句型结构分析
掌握必备知识
1．preserve vt．保存；保留 n．保护区
(1)preserve...from...保护……免受……
(2)well-preserved adj．保存良好的
(3)preservation n．维护；保护；保养
preserve our eyesight保护我们的视力
preserve his reputation维护他的名声
preserve endangered species from extinction保护濒危物种不致灭绝
nature preserve 自然保护区
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷)His music deserved _____________(preserve)in the family．
②With the limited natural resources，we should take action to preserve them from ___________(waste)．
to be preserved
being wasted
[能力提升]——完成句子
在这个自然保护区中，所有的稀有植物都保存良好，两个寺庙也保存得很好。
In this ______________，all the rare plants are _______________，and the two temples are also in a good state of ____________．
nature preserve
well-preserved
preservation
(1)stay/keep healthy保持健康
(2)health n．健康，卫生
(3)healthily健康地
2．healthy adj．健康的
in good/poor health身体健康/不健康
health insurance/care医疗保险
physical and mental health身心健康
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)So do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better，calmer，_________(healthy)
②A _______ (health)life is frequently thought to be associated with the open countryside and home-grown food．
healthier
healthy
[能力提升]——一句多译
均衡的饮食和有规律的运动能帮助我们保持身心健康。
①A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us ___________ both physically and mentally．(healthy)
②A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us _______________ both physically and mentally．(health)
keep healthy
enjoy good health
3．entertain v．招待，款待；使欢乐
(1)entertainer n．演艺人员
entertaining adj．使人愉快的
(2)entertainment n．娱乐节目；招待；款待
the entertainment business/world娱乐业
be busy with the entertainment of the guests忙着招待客人
entertain you with the most interesting stories给你讲最有趣的故事
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Sport has become an important form of _____________(entertain)，appealing to both men and women．
②He enjoys singing very much and often __________ (entertain) people with his songs．
entertainment
entertains
[能力提升]——句式升级
普通表达：He always tells us a lot of interesting stories and jokes，we feel pleased．
①高级表达：_______________________，he always tells us a lot of interesting stories and jokes．(entertainment)
②高级表达：He always __________ us ____ a lot of interesting stories and jokes，which we find very ____________．
Much to our entertainment
entertains
with
entertaining
(1)equip...with...用……装备……
be equipped with装备着……
(2)equipment n．装备；设备(不可数名词)
4．equip vt．& vi．配备；装备
poorly/well equipped装备简陋/优良
well-equipped research buildings设施齐全的研究大楼
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We equip students ____ the skills they will need once they leave college．
②_________(equip) with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland to produce more crops．
③(2019·江苏卷)This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer _________(equip) and internet facilities．
with
Equipped
equipment
[能力提升]——句式升级
普通表达：He is equipped with much experience in teaching，so he is respected by all his students．
①高级表达：_____________________________________________，he is respected by all his students．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
②高级表达：_____________________________________，he is respected by all his students．(过去分词短语作状语)
Equipping himself with much experience in teaching
Equipped with much experience in teaching
(1)achievable adj．可以达到/完成的
(2)achievement n．达成；成就
5．achieve vt．(凭借努力) 达到 (目标、地位、标准); 完成
achieve one's goal某人完成目标
a sense of achievement一种成就感
be proud of their children's achievements对孩子们的成绩感到自豪
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Because she works hard，she deserves _________(achieve) the goal of entering the key university．
②Even a small success could also give you a sense of _____________
(achieve)．
to achieve
achievement
[能力提升]——一句多译
这位女科学家因为取得的那些成就而获得诺贝尔物理学奖。
①The woman scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics ____________________．(achievement)
②The woman scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics _____________________．(achieve)
for those achievements
for what she had achieved
(1)a dinner/travelling companion饭友/旅伴
(2)company n．公司；陪伴；宾客
for company作伴
in company with与……一起
keep sb．company陪伴某人
6．companion n．同伴，伴侣
enjoy each other's company享受彼此的陪伴
have our smartphones to keep us company at the table在餐桌上有手机陪伴我们
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She was such _ good travelling companion that we felt anything but tired all the way．
②Plants make such good __________ (companion): they breathe，they bloom，they respond to care and love．
a
companions
[能力提升]——一句多译
我的朋友比尔和他的新朋友一起来看我。
①My friend Bill is coming to see me _____________ his new friend．(company)
②My friend Bill is coming to see me ____________ his new friend．(together)
in company with
together with
1．There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun，so there's something for everyone!
有四个很棒的画廊可以参观，既有精美艺术品也有互动乐趣，来这里每个人都能找到适合自己的！
[句型公式] 本句使用了there be句型，表示“有，存在”。there不是主语，句子的真正主语是谓语动词be后面的名词。
(1)该句型中的be可以有多种时态，也可以放在情态动词后面，或者用部分不及物动词代替。
(2)根据句型中名词的不同，此句型中的名词后面常常用到非谓语动词短语、从句、介词短语等作补语。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there are very few ____ (leave)．
②______ is no doubt that good health is very important for whoever wants to be successful in his career．
③There was nothing I could do ______ (make) her happy，it seemed．
left
There
to make
[能力提升]——完成句子
我们已经没有时间来仔细考虑这个问题了。
_______________________ for us to think over the problem．
There has been no time left
[句型公式] 本句使用了“make ＋宾语＋宾补”的句型结构。
2．Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing．
在两个景点之间沿着平整的路线自由自在的骑车，会让人觉得骑车旅行轻松有趣。
宾补有多种形式，如：
(1)make sb．do sth．使某人做某事 ，被动为 be made to do sth．
(2)make sb．/sth．done 使某人(某事)被……
(3)make sb．/sth．＋adj．/n．使某人(某物)成为……
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Nowadays parents do everything for their single child，which makes him/her ____ (rely) on their parents badly．
②I find that doing physical exercise a couple of times a week _____ (make) me feel more energetic．
③Summer makes __(I) full of energy and I feel I have the strength to do the most difficult thing in my life．
rely
makes
me
[能力提升]——完成句子
重视你今天正在做的事情，因为你正在为此付出生命中的一天。
__________________________________，because you're trading a day of your life for it．
Make what you're doing today important
03
夯基固本·知识落实
强技提能·知识应用
提升关键能力
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Always bear in mind that your main task is to get this company running ________ (smooth)．
2．Make sure you eat _________(health)，and get some exercise．
3．I found the talk both informative and ____________(entertain)．
4．The boy pretended to be concentrating on his lesson，but in fact his mind ____________ (wander)．
5．Tom was made _______(stand) at the front of the class because of his bad behaviour．
smoothly
healthily
entertaining
was wandering
to stand
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Generally speaking，those who pay attention to physical exercise are __ good health．
2．It is a pleasure to wander _______ a strange city．
3．The course is designed to equip students ___ a career in nursing．
4．The society was set up to preserve endangered species ____ extinction．
5．The Confucian temple was built __ his honor．
in
through
for
from
in
语法填空
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an，as a first step 1．______ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot．
On the 1，100-kilometer journey，the man Cao Shengkang，2．______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident，crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces．Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3．______ (hold) in Beijing，Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road．4．______ friend of his，Wu Fan，volunteered to be his companion during the trip．
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road，in order to promote environmental 5．______ (protect)．Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6．______ (meaning)．The two of them collected more than 1，000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey．
In the last five years．Cao 7．______ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents，and in 2016，he reached the top of Kilimanjaro，Africa's 8．______ (high) mountain．
Now，Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route．He flew 4，700 kilometers 9．______ Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept．20，10．______ (plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months．
【语篇解读】 文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。
1．to journey [结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to journey。 ]
2．who [此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。]
3．held [分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。故填held。]
4．A [根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，用不定冠词，friend发音以辅音音素开头，空处首字母需大写。故填A。]
5．protection [根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用不可数名词protection，作宾语，表示“保护”。]
6．meaningful [此处是make的复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。]
7．has walked [根据时间状语In the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。]
8．highest [根据空前Africa's可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。]
9．from [根据句意和Xi'an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from...to...表示“从……到……”。]
10．planning [分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式表主动。故填planning。]
04
话题写作
读后续写
铸就核心价值
Step 1 写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子)
①作为中国最重要的传统节日，春节是中国农历的第一天，标志着新年的开始。
As the most important traditional festival，the Spring Festival is the first day in Chinese lunar year and it _____________________________．
marks the beginning of the new year
②为庆祝这个节日，各家各户打扫房屋、贴对联、做各种美味的饭菜。
___________________________，houses are cleaned，red couplets are put on the doors and _____________________________．
③除夕夜，人们和家人团聚在一起吃年夜饭，并燃放烟花。
On New Year's Eve people ____________________________ to enjoy a feast and _______________．
In celebration of the festival
various tasty dishes are prepared
get together with their families
set off fireworks
④新年期间，人们穿着盛装互相拜年。
During the New Year，people _______ and say “Happy New Year” to each other．
⑤孩子们非常高兴得到红包，这是一个追溯到很多年前的传统。
Children are delighted at getting lucky money，and it is a tradition ________________________．
dress up
dating back to many years ago
Step 2 表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
①用动词-ing形式作定语改写句①
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________．
②用what引导主语从句和which引导定语从句改写句⑤
_________________________________________________________________________________________．
As the most important traditional festival，the Spring Festival is the first
day in Chinese lunar year，marking the beginning of the new year
What makes children delighted is getting lucky money，which is a tradition
dating back to many years ago
Step 3 衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
As the most important traditional festival，the Spring Festival is the first day in Chinese lunar year，marking the beginning of the new year．In celebration of the festival，houses are cleaned，red couplets are put on the doors and various tasty dishes are prepared．On New Year's Eve people get together with their families to enjoy a feast and set off fireworks．During the New Year，people dress up and say “Happy New Year” to each other．In addition，what makes children delighted is getting lucky money，which is a tradition dating back to many years ago．
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Though it is one of the faded memories of my life today，there are times when I remember his face clearly，especially his eyes．As he had yellow spots on his eyes，we called him Spotty．He would have been a stray(走失的) dog，until he came to me．
I was seven years old．We moved to Nasik and rented a house．The house was surrounded by lots of bushes and vines．It was raining very heavily on the day we moved．It was a cold dark night．We had our meal and went to sleep．
Somehow at midnight I heard a loud sound outside the main door．I encouraged myself to look out through the window near the door and I was really surprised at what I saw outside．
There was a small puppy lying on the old rug(垫子) which my mother had put outside the door．He was wet and shivering．At first it was difficult to see the little one．He had a black body which was darker even than a black rainy cloud．It was the yellow spots on his eyes that made me realize his presence．
He was trying to get inside the rug to avoid the cold air outside and he had managed to get in as I could see only his head outside the rug．
I saw that the flowerpot kept on the window sill(窗台) had fallen down．I felt pity for the poor soul．I went in and came out with an old tower．I went near the innocent one and held him in my hand and wiped the puppy till he became dry．I took him inside and made a bed for him with a woolen rug and a small pillow．I parted his back and he seemed very comfortable in his new bed as he went to sleep immediately．
The next morning，everyone in the family came to know about the unusual guests．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
“Shall we keep him with us？” I questioned my mom．_______
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Days passed on and almost a year later，one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly．___________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
“Shall we keep him with us？” I questioned my mom.Like any other parents，at first，my parents totally refused my idea but my sister and I persuaded them to keep the lovely puppy.I immediately gave him the name Spotty.Slowly Spotty got on well with everyone and became one of the family members.We enjoyed all his small habits and tricks，especially our parents，who treated him as another child.He really brought happiness to our family.
Days passed on and almost a year later，one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly.I called out to my mother and we took it to the vet.After the treatment Spotty became quiet and comfortable.I patted him on the back and came inside.But the next morning，I didn't see Spotty.I searched for him every corner but he was nowhere．The vet told us that maybe he found a secret place to die，not to make the family sad．I cried and waited for him．But there were no signs of him．INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/五年高考真题重做．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/阅读理解．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
A (2020·全国卷Ⅱ·A)
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History，Culture & Landscape(景观)．Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history，5 acres of celebrated and award winning gardens with parkland walk．Owned by the Hasell family since 1679，home to the International Marmalade Festival．Gifts and antiques，plant sales，museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom．
Open：29 Mar 29 Oct，Sun to Thurs．
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30－17.00(16.00 in Oct)．
House：11.15－16.00(15.00 in Oct)．
Town：Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery．The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives．
Open：Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays．10.30－17.00 Summer．10.30－16.00 Winter．
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover，explore and enjoy award winning Tullie House，where historic collections，contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery．There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun，so there's something for everyone!
Open：High Season 1 Apr－31 Oct：Mon to Sat 10.00－17.00，Sun 11.00－17.00．
Low Season 1 Nov－31 Mar：Mon to Sat 10.00－16.30，Sun 12.00－16.30．
Town：Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth's inspirational home．Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage，walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum．Visit the shop and relax in the café．Exhibitions，events and family activities throughout the year．
Open：Daily，09.30－17.30(last admission 17.00)．
Town：Grasmere
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了几个湖区景点，包括其营业时间及地点等。
1．When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July
A．09.30－17.30． B．10.30－16.00．
C．11.15－16.00． D．12.00－16.30．
C [细节理解题。根据Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens部分的信息“House：11.15－16.00(15.00 in Oct)”可知答案。故选C。]
2．What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
A．Enjoy Romney's works．
B．Have some interactive fun．
C．Attend a famous festival．
D．Learn the history of a family．
A [细节理解题。根据Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum部分的信息“The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives．”可知，游客可以在此处欣赏Romney的作品。故选A。]
3．Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth's life
A．Penrith． B．Kendal．
C．Carlisle． D．Grasmere．
D [细节理解题。根据Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum部分的信息“Town：Grasmere”可知，如果游客想了解Wordsworth的生活可以去Grasmere。故选D。]
B (2020·全国卷Ⅲ·A)
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence (13 days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof．Ori Z．Soltes．We will visit some of the best preserved Roman monuments in the world．Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin．Fields of flowers，tile roofed (瓦屋顶) villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience．
Southern Spain(15 days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent (芳香) of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs．As we travel south from Madrid with Prof．Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Mérida and into Andalucia，we explore historical monuments and architecture．
China's Sacred Landscapes(21 days)
Discover the China of “past ages，”its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof．Robert Thorp．Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples．We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai．
Tunisia (17 days)
Join Prof．Pedar Foss on our in depth Tunisian tour．Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia，Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，unique for underground cities．Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches．
【语篇解读】 游客可以和学者们一起去探索世界各地的历史文化景观，本文介绍了法国普罗旺斯、西班牙南部、中国的神圣景观和突尼斯。
4．What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain
A．Historical monuments．
B．Fields of flowers．
C．Van Gogh's paintings．
D．Greek buildings．
A [细节理解题。根据Classical Provence部分中的“We will visit some of the best preserved Roman monuments”和Southern Spain部分中的“we explore historical monuments and architecture”可知，游客在普罗旺斯和西班牙南部都可以看到历史纪念碑，故A项正确。]
5．Which country is Prof．Thorp most knowledgeable about
A．France． B．Spain．
C．China． D．Tunisia．
C [细节理解题。根据China's Sacred Landscapes部分中的“Discover the China of ‘past ages，’ its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof．Robert Thorp．”可知，Thorp教授对中国最有研究，故C项正确。]
6．Which of the following highlights the Tunisian tour
A．White towns．
B．Underground cities．
C．Tile roofed villages．
D．Rolling hills．
B [细节理解题。根据Tunisia部分中的“Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga...unique for underground cities．”可知，突尼斯之行的最精彩的部分在地下城，故B项正确。]
C (2018·全国卷Ⅰ·A)
Washington，D．C．Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
Duration：3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D．C．Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom．Reserve your spot before availability－and the cherry blossoms－disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration：3 hours(4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington，D．C．Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop．Guided tour includes bike，helmet，cookies and bottled water．
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
Duration：3 hours
Morning or Afternoon，this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C．newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington，D．C．in a healthy way with minimum effort．Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks．Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing．
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration：3 hours(7 miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington，D．C．Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall．Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history．Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water．All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights．
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了在华盛顿特区骑自行车观光的四条路线、参观的主要景点和从事的活动。
7．Which tour do you need to book in advance
A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour．
C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour．
A [细节理解题。根据第一条旅行路线介绍的最后一句“Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear！”可知，选择第一条旅行路线需要提前预订。]
8．What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour
A．Meet famous people．
B．Go to a national park．
C．Visit well known museums．
D．Enjoy interesting stories．
D [细节理解题。根据第三条旅行路线介绍中的“Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks．”可知，选择这条旅行路线的游客可以在观光过程中听导游讲故事。]
9．Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide
A．City maps． B．Cameras．
C．Meals． D．Safety lights．
D [细节理解题。第四条旅行路线是夜间游览，根据该段介绍的最后一句“All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights．”可知，该路线为夜间骑车观光的游客提供反光背心和安全灯。]
D (2016·全国卷Ⅱ·D)
A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life．
Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly first rate photo journalism—if they had been made last week．In fact，they were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难)，by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival．Many of the images were stored in an ice chest，under freezing water，in the damaged wooden ship．
The ship was the Endurance, a small，tight，Norwegian built three master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists，27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea．From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent．The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done．Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back．
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort．Scott's last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger，caught the world's imagination，and a film made in his honor drew crowds．Shackleton，a onetime British merchant navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908，started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography．Frank Hurley，a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images，most of which have never before been published．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。1914年到1916年间，一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生海难，其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片，并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰箱里。通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不太成功的探险经历。
10．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley
A．They were made last week．
B．They showed undersea sceneries．
C．They were found by a cameraman．
D．They recorded a disastrous adventure．
D [细节理解题。由题干中的the photos taken by Hurley定位到文章第二段开头。该段说这些照片即使是上个星期拍的也堪称佳作，故A项错误；该段中还说照片是在一次海难之后拍的，故D项正确；文章没有说拍摄的是海底景观，故B项错误；拍摄者是摄影师，但没有说是一名摄影师发现了这些照片，故C项错误。]
11．Who reached the South Pole first according to the text
A．Frank Hurley．
B．Ernest Shackleton．
C．Robert Falcon Scott．
D．Caroline Alexander．
C [推理判断题。由题干中的“第一个到达南极”这条信息定位到第三段。被发现的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比Robert Falcon Scott船长先前的探险更大的收获，该船长在1912年就到达了南极。由此推断Robert Falcon Scott是最先到达南极的人，故选C项。]
12．What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage
A．Artistic creation．
B．Scientific research．
C．Money making．
D．Treasure hunting．
C [细节理解题。题干的Alexander在最后一段出现，the 1914 voyage指本文谈到的Endurance这艘船的探险，该段开头说，这个作家在她的小说The Endurance中说，在那时，探险就已经是纯商业活动(a thoroughly commercial effort)了，因此1914年航行的目的是赚钱(money making)，故选C项。A项“艺术创作”，B项“科学调研”，D项“寻宝”，均未体现。]
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/主题语境词汇存储．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/三栏1．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．historic adj．历史著名的
2．landscape n．风景
3．permanent adj．长久的
4．preserve v．保护
5．temple n．寺庙
6．scenery n．景色
7．exceptional adj．杰出的
8．reserve n．预订
9．minimum n．最小值
10．route n．路线
11．wooden adj．木制的
12．shore n．海岸
13．continent n．大陆
14．commercial adj．商业的
15．photography n．摄影
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/三栏3．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/三栏1+．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．district n．区，地区
2．exhibition n．展览
3．event n．事件，项目
4．wander v．徘徊
5．smooth adj．平滑的
6．voyage n．航行，旅行
7．image n．影像
8．freezing adj．极冷的
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/三栏3．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/二栏1．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．impress v．给人留下深刻的印象→impressive adj．给人印象深刻的
2．explore v．探索→exploration n．探索
3．available adj．可用的→availability n．可用的人/物
4．frequent adj．频繁的→frequency n．频度
5．disaster n．灾难→disastrous adj．灾难性的
6．reason n．原因，理由→reasonable adj．合情理的
7．expect v．预期→expectation n．期望
8．thorough adj．彻底的→thoroughly adv．彻底地
9．photograph n．照片 v．拍照→photographer n．拍照者；摄影师
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/二栏3．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/二栏1+．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．be home to 是……的故乡
2．take a tour of 旅行
3．in advance 提前
4．in all 总共
5．in one's honor 为纪念
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/二栏3．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
[即时演练]单句语法填空
1．To preserve (preserve) natural habitats，biologists expected the government to make laws that would arrest commercial development in these areas．
2．It is freezing(freeze) outside now，and more snow is falling on already frozen streets．
3．Thanks to the advanced(advance) technology，we live in an age of bettered communication．
4．With the stadium set up，a wide range of sports events (event) are now able to be held．
5．I was wandering (wander) along the pavement yesterday when some strangers came up and asked me the way to the police station．
6．Do you know the historical background of the historic flight？(history)
7．Newly built wooden(wood) cottages line the street，turning the old town into a dreamland．
8．In all，from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor to the time they can be implanted in the patient，we've got 72 hours at most．
9．The old temple whose roof was damaged in the storm is now under construction．
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/奇特语言现象探究．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
Ⅰ．熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)
1．Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history，5 acres of celebrated and award winning gardens with parkland walk．著名的
2．The ship was the Endurance，a small，tight，Norwegian built three master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists，27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea．桅杆
Ⅱ．似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)
1．Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage，walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum．
[译文] 参观他的湖畔小屋，穿过他的山坡花园，探索博物馆里丰富的藏品。
2．From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled across the continent．
[译文] 从那个地方，沙克尔顿想用狗拉雪橇的方式强行穿越南极大陆。
Ⅲ．复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)
1．Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery．
[分析] 主语是Those，指those people；谓语是may be forgiven。viewing短语作定语修饰those; they are in a city gallery则是thinking的宾语从句。
[译文] 观看阿伯特庄园临时展出的人可能会觉得他们身处市美术馆里，这是情有可原的。
2．Scott's last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger，caught the world's imagination，and a film made in his honor drew crowds．
[分析] 本句是and连接的两个并列分句构成。前面分句的主语是Scott's last journey，谓语部分是caught the world's imagination，completed是过去分词作定语，as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger是状语从句修饰completed。后一个分句的主语是a film，谓语部分是drew crowds; made in his honor为过去分词短语作定语，修饰film。
[译文] 斯科特在最后一次旅程结束时，躺在帐篷里饥寒交迫，奄奄一息，这引发了世人的想象力，为向其表达敬意而拍摄的一部电影吸引了大量观众。
3．Shackleton，a onetime British merchant navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908，started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography．
[分析] 主语是Shackleton，谓语部分是started a business，其后都是状语；主语后面的a onetime...是名词短语作同位语，说明Shackleton的身份，who had got ...是定语从句，修饰officer。
[译文] 沙克尔顿曾是英国一名海军军官。1908年，他到达了距南极不到100英里的地方。在1914年出航前，他就已经开始做生意，靠拍摄电影和静物摄影赚钱。
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/掌握必备知识．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/核心词汇用法归纳．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．preserve vt．保存；保留 n．保护区
(1)preserve...from...保护……免受……
(2)well preserved adj．保存良好的
(3)preservation n．维护；保护；保养
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累1．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
preserve our eyesight保护我们的视力
preserve his reputation维护他的名声
preserve endangered species from extinction保护濒危物种不致灭绝
nature preserve 自然保护区
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累3．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷)His music deserved to be preserved(preserve)in the family．
②With the limited natural resources，we should take action to preserve them from being wasted(waste)．
[能力提升]——完成句子
在这个自然保护区中，所有的稀有植物都保存良好，两个寺庙也保存得很好。
In this nature preserve，all the rare plants are well preserved，and the two temples are also in a good state of preservation．
2．healthy adj．健康的
(1)stay/keep healthy保持健康
(2)health n．健康，卫生
(3)healthily健康地
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累1．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
in good/poor health身体健康/不健康
health insurance/care医疗保险
physical and mental health身心健康
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累3．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)So do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better，calmer，healthier(healthy)
②A healthy (health)life is frequently thought to be associated with the open countryside and home grown food．
[能力提升]——一句多译
均衡的饮食和有规律的运动能帮助我们保持身心健康。
①A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally．(healthy)
②A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us enjoy good health both physically and mentally．(health)
3．entertain v．招待，款待；使欢乐
(1)entertainer n．演艺人员
entertaining adj．使人愉快的
(2)entertainment n．娱乐节目；招待；款待
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累1．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
the entertainment business/world娱乐业
be busy with the entertainment of the guests忙着招待客人
entertain you with the most interesting stories给你讲最有趣的故事
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累3．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Sport has become an important form of entertainment(entertain)，appealing to both men and women．
②He enjoys singing very much and often entertains (entertain) people with his songs．
[能力提升]——句式升级
普通表达：He always tells us a lot of interesting stories and jokes，we feel pleased．
①高级表达：Much to our entertainment，he always tells us a lot of interesting stories and jokes．(entertainment)
②高级表达：He always entertains us with a lot of interesting stories and jokes，which we find very entertaining．
4．equip vt．& vi．配备；装备
(1)equip...with...用……装备……
be equipped with装备着……
(2)equipment n．装备；设备(不可数名词)
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累1．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
poorly/well equipped装备简陋/优良
well equipped research buildings设施齐全的研究大楼
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累3．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We equip students with the skills they will need once they leave college．
②Equipped (equip) with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland to produce more crops．
③(2019·江苏卷)This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment(equip) and internet facilities．
[能力提升]——句式升级
普通表达：He is equipped with much experience in teaching，so he is respected by all his students．
①高级表达：Equipping himself with much experience in teaching，he is respected by all his students．(动词 ing形式短语作状语)
②高级表达：Equipped with much experience in teaching，he is respected by all his students．(过去分词短语作状语)
5．achieve vt．(凭借努力) 达到 (目标、地位、标准); 完成
(1)achievable adj．可以达到/完成的
(2)achievement n．达成；成就
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累1．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
achieve one's goal某人完成目标
a sense of achievement一种成就感
be proud of their children's achievements对孩子们的成绩感到自豪
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累3．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Because she works hard，she deserves to achieve (achieve) the goal of entering the key university．
②Even a small success could also give you a sense of achievement(achieve)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
这位女科学家因为取得的那些成就而获得诺贝尔物理学奖。
①The woman scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for those achievements．(achievement)
②The woman scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for what she had achieved．(achieve)
6．companion n．同伴，伴侣
(1)a dinner/travelling companion饭友/旅伴
(2)company n．公司；陪伴；宾客
for company作伴
in company with与……一起
keep sb．company陪伴某人
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累1．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
enjoy each other's company享受彼此的陪伴
have our smartphones to keep us company at the table在餐桌上有手机陪伴我们
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/词块积累3．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She was such a good travelling companion that we felt anything but tired all the way．
②Plants make such good companions (companion): they breathe，they bloom，they respond to care and love．
[能力提升]——一句多译
我的朋友比尔和他的新朋友一起来看我。
①My friend Bill is coming to see me in company with his new friend．(company)
②My friend Bill is coming to see me together with his new friend．(together)
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/常考句型结构分析．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun，so there's something for everyone!
有四个很棒的画廊可以参观，既有精美艺术品也有互动乐趣，来这里每个人都能找到适合自己的！
[句型公式] 本句使用了there be句型，表示“有，存在”。there不是主语，句子的真正主语是谓语动词be后面的名词。
(1)该句型中的be可以有多种时态，也可以放在情态动词后面，或者用部分不及物动词代替。
(2)根据句型中名词的不同，此句型中的名词后面常常用到非谓语动词短语、从句、介词短语等作补语。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there are very few left (leave)．
②There is no doubt that good health is very important for whoever wants to be successful in his career．
③There was nothing I could do to make (make) her happy，it seemed．
[能力提升]——完成句子
我们已经没有时间来仔细考虑这个问题了。
There has been no time left for us to think over the problem．
2．Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing．
在两个景点之间沿着平整的路线自由自在的骑车，会让人觉得骑车旅行轻松有趣。
[句型公式] 本句使用了“make ＋宾语＋宾补”的句型结构。
宾补有多种形式，如：
(1)make sb．do sth．使某人做某事 ，被动为 be made to do sth．
(2)make sb．/sth．done 使某人(某事)被……
(3)make sb．/sth．＋adj．/n．使某人(某物)成为……
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Nowadays parents do everything for their single child，which makes him/her rely (rely) on their parents badly．
②I find that doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes (make) me feel more energetic．
③Summer makes me(I) full of energy and I feel I have the strength to do the most difficult thing in my life．
[能力提升]——完成句子
重视你今天正在做的事情，因为你正在为此付出生命中的一天。
Make what you're doing today important，because you're trading a day of your life for it．
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/提升关键能力．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/夯基固本．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Always bear in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly (smooth)．
2．Make sure you eat healthily(health)，and get some exercise．
3．I found the talk both informative and entertaining(entertain)．
4．The boy pretended to be concentrating on his lesson，but in fact his mind was wandering (wander)．
5．Tom was made to stand(stand) at the front of the class because of his bad behaviour．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Generally speaking，those who pay attention to physical exercise are in good health．
2．It is a pleasure to wander through a strange city．
3．The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing．
4．The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction．
5．The Confucian temple was built in his honor．
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/强技提能．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
语法填空
A visually challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an，as a first step 1．______ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot．
On the 1，100 kilometer journey，the man Cao Shengkang，2．______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident，crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces．Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3．______ (hold) in Beijing，Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road．4．______ friend of his，Wu Fan，volunteered to be his companion during the trip．
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road，in order to promote environmental 5．______ (protect)．Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6．______ (meaning)．The two of them collected more than 1，000 plastic bottles along the 40 day journey．
In the last five years．Cao 7．______ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents，and in 2016，he reached the top of Kilimanjaro，Africa's 8．______ (high) mountain．
Now，Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route．He flew 4，700 kilometers 9．______ Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept．20，10．______ (plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months．
【语篇解读】 文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。
1．to journey [结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to journey。 ]
2．who [此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。]
3．held [分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。故填held。]
4．A [根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，用不定冠词，friend发音以辅音音素开头，空处首字母需大写。故填A。]
5．protection [根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用不可数名词protection，作宾语，表示“保护”。]
6．meaningful [此处是make的复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。]
7．has walked [根据时间状语In the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。]
8．highest [根据空前Africa's可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。]
9．from [根据句意和Xi'an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from...to...表示“从……到……”。]
10．planning [分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用动词 ing形式表主动。故填planning。]
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/铸就核心价值．tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/话题写作．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/写作要点．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT (根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子)
①作为中国最重要的传统节日，春节是中国农历的第一天，标志着新年的开始。
As the most important traditional festival，the Spring Festival is the first day in Chinese lunar year and it marks the beginning of the new year．
②为庆祝这个节日，各家各户打扫房屋、贴对联、做各种美味的饭菜。
In celebration of the festival，houses are cleaned，red couplets are put on the doors and various tasty dishes are prepared．
③除夕夜，人们和家人团聚在一起吃年夜饭，并燃放烟花。
On New Year's Eve people get together with their families to enjoy a feast and set off fireworks．
④新年期间，人们穿着盛装互相拜年。
During the New Year，people dress up and say “Happy New Year” to each other．
⑤孩子们非常高兴得到红包，这是一个追溯到很多年前的传统。
Children are delighted at getting lucky money，and it is a tradition dating back to many years ago．
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/表达升级．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT (改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
①用动词 ing形式作定语改写句①
As the most important traditional festival，the Spring Festival is the first day in Chinese lunar year，marking the beginning of the new year．
②用what引导主语从句和which引导定语从句改写句⑤
What makes children delighted is getting lucky money，which is a tradition dating back to many years ago．
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/衔接成文．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT (利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
As the most important traditional festival，the Spring Festival is the first day in Chinese lunar year，marking the beginning of the new year．In celebration of the festival，houses are cleaned，red couplets are put on the doors and various tasty dishes are prepared．On New Year's Eve people get together with their families to enjoy a feast and set off fireworks．During the New Year，people dress up and say “Happy New Year” to each other．In addition，what makes children delighted is getting lucky money，which is a tradition dating back to many years ago．
INCLUDEPICTURE "．．/读后续写．TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Though it is one of the faded memories of my life today，there are times when I remember his face clearly，especially his eyes．As he had yellow spots on his eyes，we called him Spotty．He would have been a stray(走失的) dog，until he came to me．
I was seven years old．We moved to Nasik and rented a house．The house was surrounded by lots of bushes and vines．It was raining very heavily on the day we moved．It was a cold dark night．We had our meal and went to sleep．
Somehow at midnight I heard a loud sound outside the main door．I encouraged myself to look out through the window near the door and I was really surprised at what I saw outside．
There was a small puppy lying on the old rug(垫子) which my mother had put outside the door．He was wet and shivering．At first it was difficult to see the little one．He had a black body which was darker even than a black rainy cloud．It was the yellow spots on his eyes that made me realize his presence．
He was trying to get inside the rug to avoid the cold air outside and he had managed to get in as I could see only his head outside the rug．
I saw that the flowerpot kept on the window sill(窗台) had fallen down．I felt pity for the poor soul．I went in and came out with an old tower．I went near the innocent one and held him in my hand and wiped the puppy till he became dry．I took him inside and made a bed for him with a woolen rug and a small pillow．I parted his back and he seemed very comfortable in his new bed as he went to sleep immediately．
The next morning，everyone in the family came to know about the unusual guests．
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2．请按如下格式作答。
“Shall we keep him with us？” I questioned my mom．_________________
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Days passed on and almost a year later，one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly．_________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
“Shall we keep him with us？” I questioned my mom.Like any other parents，at first，my parents totally refused my idea but my sister and I persuaded them to keep the lovely puppy.I immediately gave him the name Spotty.Slowly Spotty got on well with everyone and became one of the family members.We enjoyed all his small habits and tricks，especially our parents，who treated him as another child.He really brought happiness to our family.
Days passed on and almost a year later，one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly.I called out to my mother and we took it to the vet.After the treatment Spotty became quiet and comfortable.I patted him on the back and came inside.But the next morning，I didn't see Spotty.I searched for him every corner but he was nowhere．The vet told us that maybe he found a secret place to die，not to make the family sad．I cried and waited for him．But there were no signs of him．
