山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题B卷(无答案)

保密★启用前
2023—2024学年度第一学期期末考试
高三英语试题（B）
2024.01
注意事项：
1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
2．答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的
答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Popular Books on Science
Mustn’t Grumble
This book written by Graham Lawton is not about what happens when we’re ill with something serious to send us to the doctor. Instead, it focuses on many of mild, annoying illnesses, aches and pains which we can always put up with. It’s a mixture of science and history, with a light touch, and provides practical information about each illness for the reader.
Generations
In this deeply researched book, Professor Bobby Duffy provides a new framework for understanding the issues of the day: from culture wars to climate change and mental health to housing. Including information from all over the globe, and with powerful effects on humanity’s future, this big-thinking book will change how you view the world.
Eureka
Introduced by Jim Al-Khalili, Eureka brings together 365 mind blowing questions, attractive facts and exciting experiments. If you’ve ever wondered what would happen if the moon disappeared, why cats always land on their feet, why we get morning breath, how to measure the speed of light with a chocolate bar, if you could surf down an erupting volcano and why songs get stuck in your head, this book would be a good choice.
Unthinkable
Unthinkable takes us on an unforgettable journey through the human brain. Award-winning science writer Helen Thomson has spent years travelling the world tracking down brain disorders that are not seen very often. In Unthinkable she tells the stories of nine unusual people. From the man who thinks he’s a tiger to the doctor who feels the pain of others just by looking at them. Their experiences show how the brain can shape our lives in unexpected and, in some cases, alarming ways.
1．How does the book Mustn’t Grumble benefit readers
A．By helping them keep healthy. B．By improving their studies.
C．By making them love science. D．By teaching them to care for patients.
2．Whose book may interest you if you want to know answers to amazing things
A．Graham Lawton’s. B．Bobby Duffy’s. C．Helen Thomson’s. D．Jim Al-Khalili’s.
3．What does the book Unthinkable mainly deal with
A．World travelling. B．Wonders of the brain.
C．Sufferings from brain disease. D．Achievements of unusual people.
B
David and Alicia Tschirhart adored their Yellow Lab, Marley, but they never knew just how much, until that day back in 2014 when they were hiking with him in hills near their San Diego home.
“Alicia went off the path to grab a walking stick to help through the path,” David recalled. “And Marley all of a sudden darted （猛冲） from me and he started clawing the ground where Alicia was reaching for a walking stick. And I didn’t know what was happening. Alicia kind of fell back. When I looked more closely, I saw that it was a rattlesnake,” he told journalist Tracy Smith.
Rattlesnakes are common on these trails, which are very steep and miles from any hospital. And the Tschirharts didn’t have cellphones with them. For Alicia, who was four months pregnant, a snake bite could have been a disaster. Thankfully, 12-year-old Marley scared the snake away, and a few months later, the Tschirharts’ first daughter Maddie was born.
But by then, Marley had been diagnosed with cancer, and by Thanksgiving weekend 2014, it was clear the end was near. And their love for Marley was so strong that they couldn’t really let it go. So, the Tschirharts turned to ViaGen Pets, of Austin, Texas, a company that has cloned hundreds of pets for a multitude of grateful owners.
For as much as $50,000, the company will culture the cells, create embryos, implant them in a surrogate（代孕母亲）, and deliver a clone of your loved one.
Marley’s clone, Ziggy, an energetic yellow ball. But to David and Alicia, he’s nothing less than Marley reborn. “He is exactly the twin of Marley,” said David. “So, he’s in, I guess, the same environment. So really, he’s become the same dog.”
And while pet cloning is still debatable, it can mean, for some at least, that with the right amount of love, science and money, you never really need to say goodbye.
4．Why did Marley suddenly behave that way during the hike
A．It wanted to have some fun. B．It wasn’t normal sometimes.
C．It detected danger for its owner. D．It found a better stick for its owner.
5．What does paragraph 3 mainly show
A．The couple just have one daughter now. B．The couple were very grateful to the dog.
C．The couple don’t like using a cellphone. D．The couple were very careless sometimes.
6．What did the couple decide to do near Marley’s death
A．Save it no matter how hard it is. B．Find its surrogate for them to meet.
C．Let it die without suffering any pain. D．Clone a dog through new technology.
7．What is the couple’s attitude towards Ziggy
A．They find it very satisfying to them. B．They consider it a totally new dog.
C．They are quite concerned about it. D．They don’t think it’s as good as Marley.
C
The candy we eat, the tea we drink, the lotion we use---they all likely contain ingredients from wild plants. While natural ingredients can be beneficial to buyers, the way those plants are harvested could harm ecosystems. In a recent United Nations report, medicinal plant experts revealed the risks behind several of them, including Brazil nuts, frankincense, goldenseal, gum arabic, and licorice.
Plant derivatives （衍生物） in household products “sit there somewhere in the middle of the ingredients list” on product labels, often going unnoticed, says Caitlin Schindler, lead author of the report. Even if consumers do take note, there’s no information about what’s involved in obtaining or processing the derivatives.
Many of these plants are threatened with extinction from overharvesting, disease and pests, climate change, and habitat loss. The endangered state of more than 20,000 medicinal plant species has never been assessed, which means it’s impossible to know whether their use is sustainable.
Meanwhile, the trade in wild plants is booming. U. S. consumers spent more than $12.3 billion on herbal dietary supplements in 2021---up more than 9 percent from 2020．Wild plants have been used locally for centuries, but today’s global demand puts many at risk. And international customers often have no idea where these products originate.
Should consumers stop buying the products No. Schindler says, because “the ingredients are really critical to a lot of people’s livelihoods.” Solutions for transforming the trade in wild plants are rooted in awareness. The first step for consumers is to “just notice that you’re buying something that has a wild ingredient,” she says. It’s generally safer to purchase local products and splurge on more expensive ones, if possible.
Consumers can also look for organic and fair-trade certifications. Various programs evaluate wild-plant supply chains for sustainability, and many companies advertise these certifications, either on the product or online. One of the most prominent is Fair Wild, which assesses environmental risks and recommends best sourcing practices. If certifications are missing, Schindler encourages people to challenge companies to do better. “Until businesses get a bit more pressure from consumers, we won’t see any changes happening,” she says.
8．What can we learn about wild plants according to the report
A．Their current situation is ignored. B．They are limited on a global scale.
C．They have been evaluated regularly. D．Their process information is on the label.
9．Which of the following can replace the underlined words “splurge on” in paragraph 5
A．Get rid of. B．Spend much money on.
C．Pay attention to. D．Conduct many experiments on.
10．Why are the organic and fair-trade certifications valued
A．They confirm the quality of the wild plants.
B．They offer consumers rights to assess the products.
C．They ensure the use of wild plants at a steady level.
D．They inspire companies to make more advertisements.
11．What is the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
D
Crohn’s disease is a constant source of trouble for sufferers. This long-term condition is commonly found in the small intestine（肠） and the symptoms can include stomachaches, joint pain and weight loss. A new study suggests that there may be a way to change the diet to take control of this difficult-to-treat disease.
One common cause of the condition, which affects as many as 780,000 Americans, is an overactive immune system that considers harmless gut bacteria as dangers and responds by producing inflammation（炎症）. The new study suggests that a diet rich in health y fats and oil s such as coconut oil or cocoa butter may lead to specific changes in gut bacteria that could fight harmful inflammation.
Although the research was conducted on mice with a Crohn’s-like disease, the results are the first to show how high-fat diets can change gut bacteria to fight against inflammation, according to lead author Alexander Rodriguez-Palacios, PhD and Assistant Professor of Medicine at CWRU-M. In the study, the mice that were fed even a small amount of coconut oil or cocoa butter were found to have up to 30 percent fewer types of gut bacteria and less severe intestinal inflammation than those fed a typical diet. These findings suggest that there may be a beneficial Crohn’s disease diet that involves taking in “good” fats in normal amounts. Patients can substitute these good fats for other sources in their diets, Dr. Rodriguez-Palacios notes.
Humans and mice share many common genetic features, and by examining mice, scientists can gain valuable understanding about how humans function. However, humans may respond to dietary changes differently and in their own ways. For example, not all so-called good fats will work for all patients, Dr. Rodriguez-Palacios points out. He is hopeful that the diet could be beneficial to at least some patients, and it wouldn’t have the side effects and risks that come with medical treatments. “The trick now will be to really discover what makes a fat ‘good’ or ‘bad’ for Crohn’s patients,” he says.
12．What can be inferred about Crohn’s disease
A．It’s a major cause of stomachaches. B．It can damage one’s immune system.
C．It’s considered to be a very rare disease. D．Doctors haven’t found a good way to treat it.
13．What commonly leads to Crohn’s disease
A．The diet with too much fat and oil. B．Harmful gut bacteria in the small intestine.
C．Wrong response of the body to gut bacteria. D．Poor immune system weakened by diseases.
14．What’s implied in the last paragraph
A．Further research is needed to help treat Crohn’s disease.
B．It’s easy to find good fats for sufferers of Crohn’s disease.
C．Coconut oil can really help treat Crohn’s disease in humans.
D．The study’s findings are useless to sufferers of Crohn’s disease.
15．What’s the main idea of the text
A．It’s difficult to find a cure for Crohn’s disease
B．One simple diet change may help with Crohn’s disease
C．Researchers have found the cause of Crohn’s disease
D．More Americans are suffering from Crohn’s disease
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Animals deserve to live a safe and healthy life as much as humans do. 16 Some people try to get profit from everything and sometimes animals become victims. It is vital that we take action to protect animals. Below are some simple ways in which we can all contribute towards the protection of endangered animals.
Spread awareness. One way to protect endangered animals is to create awareness about them. 17 Having seminars （研讨会） is another way of creating awareness. Also, familiarize people around you with the importance of the animals in your surroundings. Our routine activities directly or indirectly influence their lifestyle.
Drive carefully in forest areas. It is important to watch the road when you are going through roads in forest areas. Many animals die while trying to cross the road because people do not pay attention to them. 18
Avoid plastic items. Do you know what happens to a plastic bag thrown into a river 19 Plastic is a big threat to wildlife. And we have to reduce the overconsumption of life-threatening products to protect the endangered species. Prevent plastic items such as bags and containers. Shop in a handmade woven bag and recycle the boxes.
20 As a volunteer, you can offer support to animal rescue teams in your area. Such organizations are always short of funds and are looking for animal lovers to support the cause. Spending a portion of your daily or weekly schedule is one step towards saving wildlife and protecting endangered species.
A．Change your regular routine.
B．So, we highly suggest careful use of water.
C．Spend time rescuing animals in your locality.
D．Sadly, this does not have universal acceptance.
E．So we can save their lives by being more careful.
F．It is probably eaten by an adult turtle, choking it to death.
G．You can create local community groups that work for this cause.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As I stood at the crossroads, the male villagers all asked the same question: Was I sure I wanted to climb the 21 mountain Believe it or not, I, a Western female, 22 it.
I explained that I had been 23 for some time. I stressed that I would 24 their local traditions and hi re some villagers as guides, but it seemed to do little to ease their 25 . The male villagers told me that I would encounter quick mud that would 26 me whole, emphasizing that this would certainly be my fate given my small 27 .
The village women, on the other hand, smiled at me, and a few women 28 their arms. After witnessing the support and 29 voices of them, the men agreed to the arrangement that seemed to put them 30 with my climb.
As I made my way toward the mountain, I was 31 not only by my new support 32 . but also by every village woman.
I knew I wasn’t the first Western female to make the climb, and I certainly wouldn’t be the last. But with the women villagers 33 accompanying me, I felt an overwhelming sense of collective 34 . The greatest risk is not taking a risk, and we should always 35 our dreams.
21．A．dangerous B．famous C．distant D．bare
22．A．hit B．made C．remembered D．broke
23．A．searching B．standing C．caring D．preparing
24．A．enrich B．keep C．simplify D．change
25．A．stress B．anger C．services D．concerns
26．A．lift B．swallow C．attack D．stretch
27．A．size B．strength C．ambition D．effort
28．A．raised B．hid C．touched D．crossed
29．A．unusual B．active C．steady D．urgent
30．A．at ease B．on purpose C．by chance D．in public
31．A．offered B．afforded C．assessed D．joined
32．A．team B．base C．situation D．atmosphere
33．A．particularly B．proudly C．seriously D．secretly
34．A．challenge B．judgment C．accomplishment D．responsibility
35．A．consult B．accompany C．interpret D．follow
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With its typical wooden building style of the Tujia people well-spaced and well-preserved, Shiyanping Village is attractive. These ancient buildings date back to the Ming and Qing 36 （dynasty）.
In the village, traditional Tujia culture continues to develop well with its distinct stilted homes and other characteristics 37 have existed here for centuries. However, urbanization has posed a threat 38 both the original Tujia culture and the preservation of traditional homes. 39 （previous）, the majority of the villagers went out to work, 40 （leave） the wooden houses unoccupied. They all wanted to return and have their brick houses 41 （rebuild）once they had saved enough money, although they were persuaded to preserve the foundations of Tujia culture. In the past, they were unaware of the cultural value of the Tujia houses, and sought 42 （turn） their ancestral shelters into more attractive large houses rather than keeping the traditional style.
In 2013, 43 ancient architecture complex in Shiyanping was recognized as one of the nation’s major historical and cultural sites. The idea 44 people should protect national cultural relics has even been written into the first article of the village rules.
In recent years, the village’s unique building complex, as well as other Tujia cultural activities, 45 （attract） a steady stream of tourists. Meanwhile, many young people have come back to their hometown to start their own business due to the rising tourism. Shiyanping Village is being given a new life.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是校英语报记者，高三全体学生于上周四参加了学校组织的智慧农场科技研学活动。请你就这项活动写一篇新闻报道，内容包括：
1．参加人员及智慧农场名称：
2．农场特色：
3．活动反响。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80个左右：
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A visit to a smart farm
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When our youngest sister was born, my little brother Tom was six and I was eight. I had always been the “Big Sister” and he had always been “The Baby”.
Our sister’s arrival was a complete surprise to both of us. In those days no one worried much about sibling rivalry（兄弟姐妹间的较劲）, and no “experts” told us how to deal with another child in the house. We had wise and loving grandpa and mom, however.
I was excited about the baby and loved to hold her and help care for her. Tom’s feelings were quite different! He just looked at her and left, preferring to spend the evening in his room. When I went to his room to talk to him and try to get him to play games with me, he just looked away. “Why did they have to get that baby ” Tom asked.
Later that night, Grandpa came over to see the new baby. As he held her, he said to Tom, “You know, she’s a lot like the baby lamb I’m raising on the bottle. I have to take care of her and feed her often, just the way your mom does with the baby.” Tom said, “I’d rather have the lamb.”
Grandpa heard and said, “Well, if you’d rather have a lamb, maybe we could trade your little sister for it. I’ll give you a day to think it over, and if you still want to trade tomorrow, we’ll do it.” I thought I saw him wink at Mom, but I knew I must have been mistaken because Grandpa never winked at anyone.
After Grandpa left, Mom read to Tom for a long while. Tom kept looking at the baby, and Mom asked him to hold our little sister while she went to the bathroom. When Mom came back. Tom was gently touching the baby’s smooth black hair, and as he held her hand, she took hold of his finger.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Mom, look! She’s holding my hand!” Tom smiled. “She’s a day older now. I think she’s worth five lambs now,” Tom said.