山西省部分学校2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题（word版含解析，无听力音频含听力原文）
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| 名称 | 山西省部分学校2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末考试英语试题（word版含解析，无听力音频含听力原文） |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 246.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-02-02 17:55:06 | ||
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绝密★启用前
山西省部分学校2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末考试
英 语
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4.考试结柬后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15.
B. 9.18.
C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where is the man going
A.To the dorm.
B.To the bookstore.
C.To the library.
2.What day is it today
A.Tuesday.
B.Wednesday.
C.Thursday.
3.What will the speakers do
A.See a film.
B.Go shopping
C.Make a shopping list.
4.What programme comes first on TV
A.A talent show.
B.A movie.
C.A basketball match.
5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Classmates.
B.Teacher and student.
C.Salesman and customer.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.How does the man feel probably
A.Satisfied,
B.Confused.
C.Angry.
7.When can the man get his computer back
A.Tonight.
B.In a few more days.
C.In two weeks.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题，
8.What is the man complaining about
A.Not getting the promised discount.
B.The impolite attitude of the salesman.
C.The poor quality of the goods he bought.
9.What will the woman give to the man
A.An extra discount.B.Some money
C.A letter of apology.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Where are the speakers now
A.In Miami.
B.In Manhattan.
C.In Hawaii
11.What is the woman's video camera like
A.It is old.
B.It is strong.
C.It is heavy.
12.How much did the woman spend on her camera in total
A.$180.
B.$300.
C.$330.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What were the kids doing in the pool
A.Performing first aid.
B.Having a swimming class.C.Practising a board game.
14.Why did the man jump into the pool
A.To save a boy.
B.To show his skill.
C.To go for a dive.
15.Who called for an ambulance
A.The man
B.A student
C.The instructor.
16.What do we know about the boy
A.He lost his memory forever.
B.He forgot what had happened.
C.He argued with his parents.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What made people invent bicycles
A.They disliked horses.
B.They moved far away to the countryside.
C.They wanted a simple means of transportation.
18.When did the first bicycle show up
A.In 1790
B.In 1800.
C.In 1861
19.Why did people prefer bicycles
A.They were very fashionable.
B.They were of the same prices as horses.
C.They needed no food and were easy to ride.
20.What does the speaker mainly introduce about the bicycle
A.Its history.
B.Its price.
C.Its inventor.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following are some unsung heroes bringing a unique viewpoint and approach to the global challenge of environmental conservation.
Greta Thunberg
Greta Thunberg,a young environmental voice from Sweden,has not only caught global attention but transformed it into a powerful movement.Through her“Fridays for Future” initiative, Greta encourages students worldwide to advocate for climate action,calling for the
urgency of addressing climate change.Her touching speeches at international forums, coupled with a refusal to accept inaction.have made her a symbol of youth-driven environmental advocacy.
Wangari Maathai
The late Nobel Peace Prize winner from Kenya left a permanent mark through her pioneering Green Belt Movement.This grassroots(基层)initiative empowered communities, particularly women.to fight against deforestation through tree planting.Maathai's legacy(遗产)lives on in the millions of trees planted across Africa,reflecting her belief that sustainable development starts at the grassroots level,with communities actively engaged in preserving their environment
Isaton Ceesay
Isatou Ceesay,an environmentalist from The Gambia,has emerged as a pioneer in the fight against plastic pollution.Recognizing the detrimental impact of plastic waste on local communities and ecosystems,Ceesay founded the"Women's Initiative Gambia".Through creative recycling initiatives.she empowers women to repurpose plastic waste, promoting economic independence within communities.
Ma Jun
Ma Jun began his career as an investigative journalist,but has quickly risen to become an outstanding Chinese environmentalist,known for his pioneering work in water pollution control.As the founder of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs(IPE),Ma Jun developed the China Water Pollution Map,an interactive online tool that tracks water quality data and exposes pollution sources across the country.
21.What group of peoples"Friday's for Future"for
A.Women.
B.The grassroots.
C.Young students.
D.Poor farmers.
22.What does Green Belt Movement deal with
A.Preserving trees.
B.Community cooperation.
C.Plastic pollution.
D.Addressing climate change.
23.Who cares about the cleanliness of water
A.Greta Thunberg.
B.Wangari Maathai.
C.Isatou Ceesay.
D.Ma Jun.
B
If you walk around Huntington Beach,California,you may spot a woman holding five leashes(绳套)with one hand and pulling a wagon(马车)with the other.A closer look will show she has seven dogs with her—and none of them are walking on all four legs.Her name is Debbie Pearl,and all of her dogs have disabilities and use wheelchairs or prosthetic limbs(义肢).
There is no doubt Pearl is a dog lover—she trains them for movies and said she has always had“quite a few”of her own dogs at home.In 2005,she created a nonprofit called Dream Fetchers,which helps rescue dogs from the streets.As part of the organization's mission, members of Pearl's personal pack work as therapy(治疗)dogs.
About nine years ago,she adopted her first dog with a disability,Fast Eddie.He had a spinal injury and was left on the street.Now,he runs around using a wheelchair.
“Eddie was definitely my inspiration for adopting other disabled dogs,"Pearl said."He was so full of life.He never let anything slow him down.I mean,he truly was unstoppable."About once a week,she gathers up her crew and takes them to hospitals,schools or the Easter Seals—a nonprofit that helps adults with disabilities.
“I look for dogs that have been through traumatic(创伤的)events,but they have this amazing gift of forgiveness,"Pearl said."And that's a powerful thing for a lot of people, because they can see the courage,the resilience(韧性)that these dogs have.And all of mine have been through the worst—and they've come out shining."
She says all her dogs are here because they've gotten a second chance at life.And for other survivors of abuse,or those with disabilities,that can be a powerful thing to see.
24.What can we know about the seven dogs
A.They walk on all their four legs.
B.They are physically challenged.
C.They are famous in many movies.
D.They are trained to help each other.
25.What does Dream Fetchers do
A.Save homeless dogs.
B.Train therapy dogs.
C.Provide leashes for dogs.
D.Offer treatment to adults.
26.What contributed to Pearl's adopting more disabled dogs
A.Her love of dogs.
B.The needs of a nonprofit.
C.Her wish to rescue dogs
.D.Eddie's unstoppable spirit.
27.What do Pearl's dogs show to those receiving therapy
A.Love and help connecting each other.
B.Power and reliance seen in everyday life.
C.Strength and courage facing sufferings.
D.Approaches and wisdom dealing with trouble.
C
The problem of food borne metal contamination(污染)has taken on new urgency,thank sin part to a 2021 US Congressional Report detailing high levels of metals found in baby food pulled off grocery shelves.More recently,high levels of lead(铅)were discovered in children's fruit puree pouches.Now,two new studies provide information on the correlation between exposure to heavy metals in food and the risk of cancers and other serious health risks.
Food crops can absorb heavy metals from contaminated soil,air,and water.As a result, traces of dangerous heavy metals—lead,arsenic(砷么and cadmium(镉)—are found in common foods from rice and cereals to nuts and vegetables.7Fglicia Wu,Michigan State University food scientist,is leading several investigations to gain a better understanding of the health risks of heavy metal exposure.
In the studies,Wu and her colleague,gathered data on the dietary intake of each metal from various sources such as food and water samples and existing studies and reports.There searchers analysand the data to determine the strength of the association between dietary exposure and bad health effects.Both cancer and non-cancer health effects were considered.
Lead is a poisonous metal commonly found in old paint,water pipes,and contaminated soil.Food sources of lead include root vegetables like beets.In the study,lead showed moderate(中度的)to high risk scores for causing lung,kidney,bladder,stomach,and brain cancers.It also showed moderate to high scores for non-cancer risks.
Their initial estimates suggest that every year,more than 6,000 additional cases of bladder and lung cancers and over 7,000 cases of skin cancers can be attributed(归因于)to the consumption of inorganic arsenic in the United States.The researchers also found that certain food products can be associated with higher cancer risk than others.These include rice, wheat, and leafy green vegetables.
28.What do the new studies focus on
A.Food safety and children's health.
B.Food crops and metal contamination.
C.Heavy metals and its danger extent.
D.Metal contamination in food and health risks.
29.Why do heavy metals exist in fond
A.Food crepe need metal 1o grow well.
B.Heavy metals are added by producers,
C.They can help with scientific research.
D.Food crops grow up in polluted conditions,
30.How did Wu and her colleague conduct their studies
A.By doing surveys online.
B.By analyzing data
C.By performing experiments.
D.By referring to previous textbooks,
31.Which ran best describe Wu's findings
A.Dramatic.
B Alarming.
C.Confusing.
D.Awesome.
D
The poster child for generative Al software is a shocking human mimic(模仿者).It represents a potential new era in research,but brings risks.
It co-wrote scientific papers-sometimes secretly.It drafted outlines for presentations, proposals and classes.churned out(大量炮制)computer code,and served as a sounding board for research ideas.lt also invented references,made up facts and repeated hate speech.Most of all, it caught people's imaginations.ChatGPT took on whatever role its interlocutors(对话者)desired—and some they didn't.
ChatGPT's only objective is to plausibly continue dialogues in the style of its training data.But in doing so,it and other generative artificial-intelligence(AI)programme are changing how scientists work.They have also reopened debates about the limits of AI,the nature of human intelligence and how best to adjust the interaction between the two.
For some researchers ChatGPT has become an invaluable lab assistant—helping to summarize or write manuscripts(手稿),polish applications and write codes.ChatGPT and related software can help to brainstorm ideas,enhance scientific,search engines and identify research gaps in the literature,says Marinka Zitnik,who works on AI for medical research at Harvard Medical School in Boston,Massachusetts.
But the technology is also dangerous.Automated conversational agents can aid cheats and plagiarists(剽窃者);left unchecked,they could damage the well of scientific knowledge. Undisclosed AI-made content has begun to spread through the Internet and some scientists have admitted using ChatGPT to generate articles without declaring it.
No one knows how much more there is to get from ChatGPT- like systems. Their capabilities might yet be limited by the availability of computing power or new training data.But the generative AI revolution(革命)has started.And there's no turning back.
32.Which aspect of ChatGPT is Paragraph 2 about
A.Its potential.
B.Its influence
C.Its application.
D.Its working theory.
33.What does the underlined word"plausibly"probably mean in Paragraph 3
A.Secretly.
B.Fairly.
C.Reasonably.
D.Immediately
34.What is Marinka Zitnik's attitude towards ChatGPT
A.Positive.
B.Critical.
C.Concerned.
D.Unclear,
35.What is the best title for the text
A.More Users' Welfare:ChatGPT
B.AI Revolution;No Turning Back
C.ChatGPT:More Functions Developed
D.ChatGPT and Science:for Good and Bad
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Retain(保留)Knowledge
Retaining knowledge is important for success at school and in the workplace.While there's no set rule for how much people will forget over a given amount of time,everyone will sometimes struggle t0 remember important information.__36__
Use spaced repetition.If you want to remember something,don't repeat it over and over to yourself—this is known as massed repetition.__37__Ideally,you want to try to retrieve(找回)the information exactly at the moment when you were about to forget it.The difficulty of retrieving the information correlates to how strongly you will remember it.
Quiz yourself.__38__The process of retrieving the information from your brain seems to strengthen your mental connection to it,making it easier to remember that information over the long term.
Take notes long-hand.Even if you only use your laptop for note-taking,and stay away from distractions like e mail or social media,typing is still less effective than hand writing your notes.__39__This is the first step towards understanding and retaining knowledge,rather than merely recording it.
__40__Teaching the knowledge you need to retain to a friend,roommate,or family member forces you to translate the information into clear,understandable language.This is an important activity in"active learning",which has been shown to improve memory and understanding of knowledge.
A.Link your knowledge to larger concepts.
B.Explain your knowledge to someone else.
C.Instead,let some time go by before you repeat it.
D.Reflect on what aspects of the learning process have worked for you.
E.Taking a short test helps to keep information you've just learned in your mind.
F.Writing by hand is slower and forces you to put the teacher's words into your own words.
G.However,it's possible to strengthen memorization skills and ensure important knowledge is retained.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Looking over the top of the book,I glanced(瞥)across at the new girl named Rochelle. She only joined our class at the beginning of the week.It must be hard starting a new school in the middle of the year.
At last,the bell went for the end of the day,I__41__Rochelle running towards a tall woman who must be her mum.Then I saw a(n)__42__thing.Rochelle's mum was waving her arms round and making shapes with her fingers,and Rochelle was doing the same.Oh,could her mother be __43__ My mind was filled with questions.
The next day,I was reading when I felt a tap on my shoulder.I__44__and Rochelle was standing in front of me.“Shall we test each other ”she asked.“Yes,of course,”I replied.But I couldn't help asking,"Is your mum deaf ""Yes,both my parents are,"she said."Oh,I'm sorry. That must be really tough."I could tell by the__45__on Rochelle's face that I'd said something wrong,but somehow I__46__.“So,did your parents need someone to help them look after you when you were a baby ""Of course not,"Rochelle got__47__.“Being deaf doesn't mean they're stupid,"she was almost __48__.“In fact,they're much __49__than most people I know.”I didn't say her parents were stupid.But before I could explain,she__50__out of the classroom.I hurried after her.but she kept her back to me __51__I were her enemy
After school.I saw Rochelle and her mother moving their hands quickly.I stood there, quietly observing, realizing how__52__I had been to assume that her parents' deafness meant they needed help looking after her.I felt a pang of__53__for my curlier ignorance.All of a sudden,Rochelle was coming over to me.Her anger from earlier__54__into a vulnerable(脆弱的)sadness.She whispered,“I am sorry for shouting at you.”“I understand now,Rochelle.I never intended to hurt you or your parents.”Hearing my words,Rochelle's eyes__55__.and a smile appeared on her lips.
41.A.spotted 42.A.warming 43.A.blind 44.A.looked up 45.A.worry 46.A.followed 47.A.disappointed 48.A.jumping 49.A.harder 50.A.stormed 51.A.now that 52.A.wrong 53.A.misunderstanding 54.A.appeared 55.A.widened B.ignored B.satisfying B.deaf B.bent down B.confusion B.continued B.cool B.burning B.happier B.slipped B.as if B.cruel B.regret B.clarified B.sharpened C.recognized C.upsetting C.ill C.put forward C.expression C.asked C.annoyed C.laughing C.kinder C.swept C.even though C.crazy C.willingness C.turned C.darkened D.admitted D,surprising D,injured D.broke out D.smile D.wondered D.excited D.shouting D.cleverer D.skipped D.in case D.considerate D.sympathy D.boiled D.softened
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Books are the most valuable intellectual wealth of humanity.However,there are quantities of ancient Chinese__56__(classic)suffering from different degrees of damage due to various reasons.This led to the__57__(emerge)of the profession of ancient book restorers.“People call us the‘ancient book doctors’,”said Yang Mingli,__58__ancient book restorer at the Wuhan Library in Hubei province.“I really like this name,and our__59__(young)'patient' is at least 100 years old.”
Yang started off in the library__60__(work)in reader service and data entry for ancient books.In 2012,she__61__(voluntary)requested to further her studies in the ancient book restoration skills courses offered by the China National Centre for the Preservation and Conservation of Ancient Books.Since then,she__62__(go)on to become a full-time restorer for the next 10 years and has restored about 10,000 pages of ancient books.
The fragments(碎片)of the book range in size,with the smallest being only a few millimetre__63__length.“It could disappear with just one blow,”she joked.The primary causes of illness__64__(see)in damaged ancient books are aging,acidity(酸性),fire,and other factors,__65__may bring about easily broken pages as well as deterioration(变质)and yellowing of the paper.In some cases,the pages of the book could be completely stuck together as solid as a brick
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华。随着春节假期的到来，你校号召学生在寒假期间学习一项技能。请写出一项你最想掌握的技能，向校英文周报投稿。内容包括：
1.想要学习的技能
2.想要学习的原因。
注意：
].写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答，
The Skill I Want to Acquire
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料.根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For as long as I can remember.I have spent every Sunday afternoon until I was a teen,around the table at Grandma's house.As soon as Grandma and I would return from Sunday Morning Mass at St Joseph's Parish.Grandma got started on the meatball.
Ever since ]was just two years old,Grandma would always allow me,her only granddaughter. at the time.to sneak(偷吃)a meatball before dinner was served.There was something about that snuck meatball.For some reason,it tasted so much better than the one she placed beside my macaroni(通心粉),once we all sat down.My Italian Gamma had a way of keeping an eye on all of her meatballs,to make sure no one snuck a meatball but me, who she gave that special VIP sneak.How,did she do it Well,she would make my"before dinner meatball"slightly bigger than the rest.
The meatball stealing games was all fun until lea-nine came along.Allow me to introduce you to my sister Jeanine,my Gramma's second granddaughter born five years after me,just three years after I fell in love with Gramma's yummy meatballs.
My younger sister Jeanine was quite the fussy(爱挑剔的)eater.She did not care that her gramma made the world's best meatballs,or that our mama made almost as yummy meatballs as her mother did.All Jeanine Bean cared about was being done with dinner as fast as possible so she can go back to playing,and so she can get her evening snack,cocoa and popcorn. Jeanine knew the rules.She knew no snack unless you finish your dinner at least 90 percent. Jeanine was not giving up her favourite snack.She knew she had to develop a plan!She did indeed!
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
So,one day when she was given a meatball on her plate,she stole that meatball.
One day my mother noticed that something smelt funny in our closet.
考答案、提示及评分细则
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
1～5 CABBA 6～10 CAABC 11～15 BCBAB 16～20 BCACA
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共，15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
【文章力意】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了一些无名英雄，他们以独特的视角和方法应对环境保护的全球挑战。
21.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Through he‘Fridays for Future' initiative,Greta encourages students worldwide to advocate for climate action, calling for the agency of addressing climate change.”可知，通过“未来周五”倡议，格蕾塔鼓励全世界的学生倡导气候行
22.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“This grassroots initiative empowered communities, particularly women,to fight against deforestation through tree planting."可知，这一基层倡议使社区，特别是妇女，能够通过植树造林来对抗森林砍伐。
23.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ma Jun began his career as an investigative journalist,but has quickly risen to become an outstanding Chinese environmentalist,known for his pioneering work in water pollution control.”可知，马军的职业生涯始于一名调查记者，但他很快就成了一名杰出的中国环保主义者，因其在水污染控制方面的开创性工作而闻名。
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Debbie Pearl收养了7只遭受虐待的残疾狗。现在，它们正在帮助激励其他人。
24.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段"A closer look will show she has seven dogs with her—and none of the mare walking on all four legs...and all of her dogs have disabilities and use wheelchairs or prosthetic limbs."可知，这些狗身体上有问题。
25.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“...she created a nonprofit called Dream Fetchers,which helps rescue dogs from the streets.”可知，Dream Fetchers是帮助救助流浪狗的。
26.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段内容“‘Eddie was definitely my inspiration for adopting other disabled dogs,'Pearl said.'He was so full of life.He never let anything slow him down.I mean,he truly was unstoppable.’”可知，促使Pearl收养其他残疾狗的是Eddie的不可阻挡的精神。
27.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段中“And that's a powerful thing for a lot of people,because they can see the courage,the resilience that these dogs have.”以及最后一段中“...that can be a powerful thing to see”可知，这些狗向那些接受治疗的人们展示了面对艰难时的力量和勇气。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。食源性金属污染问题已经变得更加紧迫，部分原因是2021年美国国会的一份报告详细说明了从杂货店货架上下架的婴儿食品中发现的高含量金属。最近，在儿童的水果泥袋中发现了高水平的铅。现在，两项新的研究提供了接触食物中的重金属与患癌症和其他严重健康风险之间关系的信息。
28.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Now,two new studies provide information on the correlation between exposure to heavy metals in food and the risk of cancers and other serious health risks."可知，这两项研究聚焦于食物中的金属与健康风险之间的关系。
29.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Food crops can absorb heavy metals from contaminated soil, air,and water.”可知，食物中存在金属的原因是它的生长环境受到了污染。
30.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段内容“The researchers analyzed the data to determine the strength of the association between dietary exposure and bad health effects."可知，他们是通过数据分析进行研究的。
31.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段"Their initial estimates suggest that every year,more than 6,000additional cases of bladder and lung cancers and over 7,000 cases of skin cancers an be attributed to the consumption of inorganic arsenic in the United States.”可知，她的发现是“令人担忧的，令人恐惧的”。
【文章大意】本文是三篇说明这。生成式人工智能软件的典型代表是一个令人震惊的人类模仿者。它代表了一个潜在的研究新时代，但也带来了风险。
32.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，ChatGPT共同撰写科学论文——有时是秘密地。它为演讲、提案和课程起草大纲，大量编写计算机代码，并为研究想法提供意见。它还发明参考文献，编造事实，重复仇恨言论。最重要的是，它抓住了人们的想象力。ChatGPT扮演了对语者想要的任何角色——有些是他们
不想要的。因此第二段介绍的是ChatGPT的应用。
33.【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。根据本句的“continue dialogues”和状语“in the style of its training data”可知此处副词的意思是“合理地”。
34.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段Marinka Zitnik的话“ChatGPT and related software can help to brainstorm ideas,enhance scientific search engines and identify research gaps in the literature(ChatGPT和相关软件可以帮助集思广益，增强科学搜索引擎和识别文献中的研究空白)”可知，他对ChatGPT的态度是肯定的。
35.【答案】D
【解析】标题归纳题。本文介绍了ChatGPT的应用以及它对科学的有利和不利之处。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。保留知识对于在学校和工作场所取得成功都很重要。虽然在给定的时间内人们会忘记多少没有固定的规则，但每个人有时都会努力记住重要的信息。然而，加强记忆技能并确保记住重要知识是可能的。
36.【答案】G
【解析】段末总结句。本句位于第一段的段末，点出本文的主旨，具有统领全文的作用。故选G。
37.【答案】C
【解析】段中承接句。根据上文"If you want to remember something,don't repeat it over and over to yourself—this is known as massed repetition."可知，下文承接上文的“如果你想记住什么,不要一遍又一遍地对自己重复——这就是所谓的大量重复”,此处应该是提出如何做：相反，在你重复之前，让一段时间过去。故选C。
38.【答案】E
【解析】段中承接句。根据本段主题句：Quiz yourself,可知本句提出本段话题：做一个简短的测试可以帮助你记住刚刚学到的信息。故选E。
39.【答案】F
【解析】段中承接句。根据下文“This is the first step towards understanding and retaining knowledge,rather than merely recording it.”可知，上文介绍了：手写比较慢，而且会迫使你把老师的话变成自己的话。故选F。
40.【答案】B
【解析】段首主旨句。根据下文可知本段介绍了把你需要记住的知识教给朋友、室友或家人，迫使你把这些信息翻译成清晰易懂的语言。这是“主动学习”中的一项重要活动，已被证明可以提高对知识的记忆和理解。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了同学Rochelle的父母是聋哑人，作者在和她的接触中无意冒犯了她，后来误解消除的过程。
41.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词。“我”看见Rochelle跑向一个高个子女人，这个女人是她的母亲。
42.【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词。Rochelle的妈妈挥舞胳膊，并且用手指比划，Rochelle也在做同样的事情。因为Rochelle是会说话的，所以“我”看到这一幕的时候感到意外，产生了疑问——她的妈妈是聋哑人吗
43.【答案班
【解析】码查形容可。解切同上。
44.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语。“我”正在读东，这时有大轻拍“我”的肩膀，所以“我”抬头。
45.【答案】C
【解析】考查名词。“我”可以从Rochelle的表情判断“我说错五
46.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词。根据上下文”我”连续的发问，可知“我”继续问道。
47.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词。根据上文以及下文“好像我是她的敌人”可知，她应该是很生气。
48.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词。“我”无意冒犯的发问使得敏感的Rochelle感觉受到了伤害，她生气了，所以她几乎是大喊道：“失聪并不意味着他们笨。事实上，他们比我认识的大多数人都聪明得多。”
49.【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词。解析同上。
50.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词。“我”无意冒犯的发问使得敏感的Rochelle感觉受到了伤害，因为她感觉“我”歧视她的父母，并且觉得她的父母笨。所以她冲出教室，不听“我”的解释。storm out of怒气冲冲地离开。
51.【答案】B
【解析】考查连词短语。“我”急忙追赶她，但是她背对着“我”好像“我”是她的敌人。
52.【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词。根据上下文以及后面的ignorance(无知)可知，“我”为自己的无知感到后悔，所以“我”意识到“我”之前错得很离谱——因为她的父母是聋哑人就认为他们照顾不了自己的孩子。
53.【答案】B
【解析】考查名词。解析同上。
54.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词。根据下上文可知，在母亲的开导下，Rochelle为之前发脾气向“我”道歉，所以她的怒火消失转而变成了一种脆弱的哀伤——感觉总是会受到别人的误解。
55.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词。“我”也向Rochelle道歉，听到“我”的话，Rochelle的目光也变得柔和。soften柔和，变温和。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。书籍是人类最宝贵的智力财富。然而，由于各种原因，无数的中国经典遭受了不同程度的破坏，这导致古籍修复师这一职业的出现。
56.【答案】classics
【解析】考查名词单复数。classic名词，经典著作，可数，故用复数。
57.【答案】emergence
【解析】考查词性转换。动词变名词，作宾语。
58.【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。杨是一位古籍修复师，故用冠词限定名词。
59.【答案】youngest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：我们最小的“病人”至少有100岁了。故用最高级。
60.【答案】working
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此句的谓语动词是started off,working在此处作状语，与逻辑主语Yang之间是主动关系。
61.【答案】voluntarily
【解析】考查词性转换。形容词变副词，修饰动词。
62.【答案】has gone/has been going
【解析】专查时态。本句时间状语是since...,故用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
63.【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。句意书的碎叶大小不一，最小的只有几毫米长。in length固定搭配。
64.【答案】seen
【解析】考查非谓语动词。过去分词作后置定语，与所修饰词illness不之间是被动关系。
65.【答案】which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。factors是先行词，空前有逗号，故用which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
One possible version;
The Skill I Want to Acquire
With the Spring Festival approaching,I will have quite a lot of free time,which is a good chance to gain some useful skills.For me,learning to cut paper is something I am eager to acquire.
As we all know,paper-cutting is a traditional Chinese culture and a visual feast.During the Spring Festival,houses are decorated with paper-cuts so that everyone can bask in the festive atmosphere.Therefore, I intend to develop the practical skill to contribute to the preservation of traditional culture.I believe I can do it if I put my mind to it.
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
One possible version:
So,one day when she was given a meatball on her plate,she stole that meatball.She stole it right off her dinner plate.However,rather than making its way to her eight-year-old mouth,it found its way in her bedroom closet!Yes,you heard me right!My little sister hid that meatball and put it in her bedroom closet,so she can pass herself off as finishing her dinner and can be free to go play,and then afterwards be rewarded hot cocoa and popcorn later that evening for finishing her dinner.
One day my mother noticed that something smelt funny in our closet.My curious mother followed her nose to the back of our clothes closet.Sure enough,there were about 4 weeks of our family dinner meatballs hidden behind all of our summer jelly shoes!Seeing these,Mum immediately understood her trick.What was the cost of making Mum angry No snacks for a week.However,I would say nothing was going to stand in the way of Jeanine and her favourite snack!Who knew if she had another plan.
听力部分录音材料
(Text 1)
W:Hey,where are you going
M:I left my dictionary in the library.I'm going to find it.
W:Hurry up!The dorm room is closing.
(Text 2)
M:Hi,Sue.I hear you are going off to Sydney.When are you leaving
W:This coming Thursday,that is to say,the day after tomorrow.
(Text 3)
W:I've made a shopping list.Is there anything else you want to buy while we are downtown
M:Let's stop at the camera shop to get some colour films.
(Text 4)
M:Is the basketball match on now,Julie
W:No，it begins at 9:00 after the talent show.There is a movie starting now.
(Text 5)
M:Ouch!My pen is broken!Can I borrow yours,Betty
W:You're the only person who still uses pens to take notes in class.Everyone else uses a laptop.
(Text 6)
M:When can I collect my computer You know,I brought my compacter here two weeks ago.
W:I'm sorry.We're still repairing it.
M:Look here,every time I call,you give me the same answer.
W:Be patient,sir.We would be grateful if you could wait a few more days.
M:Wait I can't wait anymore.
W:I understand that.But we're trying our best to...
M:I need no excuse.
W:Alright,sir,we'll repair the computer immediately and have it sent to you tonight.
(Text 7)
M:Excuse me,I'm looking for the...are you the manager
W:Yes.I am.What can I do for you
M:I bought this yesterday,but I didn't look at the receipt until today—and I'm shocked that I didn't get the discount that you were advertising.I thought that this item would be 30%off!
W:May I have a look Hmm...it says it was checked out on register four—that's Heather.He is new on staff,so he probably didn't know about the sale.I'm very sorry about that.I'll fix the problem right away and get you some cash
M:Thanks very much.I'll just be waiting over there.
(Text 8)
M:What a beautiful place!
W:Yeah.After the grayness of Manhattan,the colour of Hawaii seem so bright.
M:Well,I've been to a lot of amazing beaches in San Diego and Miami,but this is definitely one of the nice stones I've been to.Why don't we go for a swim I hear there are lots of fish we can see.W:Good idea.I can use my new video camera—it's waterproof.
M:Wow,where did you get that
W:I got it in Manhattan a week ago.The bodies of their cameras are designed to be extra strong.The camera can handle being dropped,and I can use it underwater up to 60 metres deep.
M:And it's so small and lightweight.How much did it cost
W:Well,I could have gotten the older model for $180.But I bought the latest version for $300,because it's lighter and has better picture quality.I also spent an extra $30 for an extra battery pack.
M:Well,let's go,so you can use it!
(Text 9)
W:I saw you on the news!Come on,tell me all the details.
M:Well,I was watching the pool from my chair,like I always do.There was a group of kids taking swimming lessons in the deep end.
W:Go on..
M:I guess one of the students hit his head on the diving board,because I saw that someone was sinking to the bottom of the pool.
W:So,what dig you do next
M:I jumped into the pool after their instructor jumped in and brought the kid back to the surface. It was a young boy,and he had wallowed a lot of water.
W:Wow.Did you give him mouth-to-mouth
M:Of course.Then I told one of the kids to call for an ambulance
W:Quick thinking!
M:The boy coughed the water up almost immediately,and the emergency services arrived twenty minutes later.
W:How was he
M:He had no memory of the past ten minutes.He didn't even know why his parents were crying.
W:He must have been in shock.
(Text 10)
Do you know when and how bicycles began Well,in the eighteenth century,cities became larger and larger.And people moved from the countryside and small towns to the cities because there was more work for them to do in the cities.On Sundays and holidays,they liked to leave the cities and have a good time in the countryside.But not every family had a horse.So people needed a simpler means of transportation,and inventors in many countries tried to solve this problem.
Therefore,the first bicycle,which was very simple,appeared in 1790 in France.People called it"the horse on wheels",but it was difficult to ride and it also felt uncomfortable.Then in 1861,after many improvements being made,bicycles became a practical means of transportation. And people liked bicycles,because they were not as expensive as horses,and better still,they didn't need to be fed.However,they could go anywhere and were easy to ride.
山西省部分学校2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末考试
英 语
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4.考试结柬后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15.
B. 9.18.
C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where is the man going
A.To the dorm.
B.To the bookstore.
C.To the library.
2.What day is it today
A.Tuesday.
B.Wednesday.
C.Thursday.
3.What will the speakers do
A.See a film.
B.Go shopping
C.Make a shopping list.
4.What programme comes first on TV
A.A talent show.
B.A movie.
C.A basketball match.
5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Classmates.
B.Teacher and student.
C.Salesman and customer.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.How does the man feel probably
A.Satisfied,
B.Confused.
C.Angry.
7.When can the man get his computer back
A.Tonight.
B.In a few more days.
C.In two weeks.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题，
8.What is the man complaining about
A.Not getting the promised discount.
B.The impolite attitude of the salesman.
C.The poor quality of the goods he bought.
9.What will the woman give to the man
A.An extra discount.B.Some money
C.A letter of apology.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Where are the speakers now
A.In Miami.
B.In Manhattan.
C.In Hawaii
11.What is the woman's video camera like
A.It is old.
B.It is strong.
C.It is heavy.
12.How much did the woman spend on her camera in total
A.$180.
B.$300.
C.$330.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What were the kids doing in the pool
A.Performing first aid.
B.Having a swimming class.C.Practising a board game.
14.Why did the man jump into the pool
A.To save a boy.
B.To show his skill.
C.To go for a dive.
15.Who called for an ambulance
A.The man
B.A student
C.The instructor.
16.What do we know about the boy
A.He lost his memory forever.
B.He forgot what had happened.
C.He argued with his parents.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What made people invent bicycles
A.They disliked horses.
B.They moved far away to the countryside.
C.They wanted a simple means of transportation.
18.When did the first bicycle show up
A.In 1790
B.In 1800.
C.In 1861
19.Why did people prefer bicycles
A.They were very fashionable.
B.They were of the same prices as horses.
C.They needed no food and were easy to ride.
20.What does the speaker mainly introduce about the bicycle
A.Its history.
B.Its price.
C.Its inventor.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following are some unsung heroes bringing a unique viewpoint and approach to the global challenge of environmental conservation.
Greta Thunberg
Greta Thunberg,a young environmental voice from Sweden,has not only caught global attention but transformed it into a powerful movement.Through her“Fridays for Future” initiative, Greta encourages students worldwide to advocate for climate action,calling for the
urgency of addressing climate change.Her touching speeches at international forums, coupled with a refusal to accept inaction.have made her a symbol of youth-driven environmental advocacy.
Wangari Maathai
The late Nobel Peace Prize winner from Kenya left a permanent mark through her pioneering Green Belt Movement.This grassroots(基层)initiative empowered communities, particularly women.to fight against deforestation through tree planting.Maathai's legacy(遗产)lives on in the millions of trees planted across Africa,reflecting her belief that sustainable development starts at the grassroots level,with communities actively engaged in preserving their environment
Isaton Ceesay
Isatou Ceesay,an environmentalist from The Gambia,has emerged as a pioneer in the fight against plastic pollution.Recognizing the detrimental impact of plastic waste on local communities and ecosystems,Ceesay founded the"Women's Initiative Gambia".Through creative recycling initiatives.she empowers women to repurpose plastic waste, promoting economic independence within communities.
Ma Jun
Ma Jun began his career as an investigative journalist,but has quickly risen to become an outstanding Chinese environmentalist,known for his pioneering work in water pollution control.As the founder of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs(IPE),Ma Jun developed the China Water Pollution Map,an interactive online tool that tracks water quality data and exposes pollution sources across the country.
21.What group of peoples"Friday's for Future"for
A.Women.
B.The grassroots.
C.Young students.
D.Poor farmers.
22.What does Green Belt Movement deal with
A.Preserving trees.
B.Community cooperation.
C.Plastic pollution.
D.Addressing climate change.
23.Who cares about the cleanliness of water
A.Greta Thunberg.
B.Wangari Maathai.
C.Isatou Ceesay.
D.Ma Jun.
B
If you walk around Huntington Beach,California,you may spot a woman holding five leashes(绳套)with one hand and pulling a wagon(马车)with the other.A closer look will show she has seven dogs with her—and none of them are walking on all four legs.Her name is Debbie Pearl,and all of her dogs have disabilities and use wheelchairs or prosthetic limbs(义肢).
There is no doubt Pearl is a dog lover—she trains them for movies and said she has always had“quite a few”of her own dogs at home.In 2005,she created a nonprofit called Dream Fetchers,which helps rescue dogs from the streets.As part of the organization's mission, members of Pearl's personal pack work as therapy(治疗)dogs.
About nine years ago,she adopted her first dog with a disability,Fast Eddie.He had a spinal injury and was left on the street.Now,he runs around using a wheelchair.
“Eddie was definitely my inspiration for adopting other disabled dogs,"Pearl said."He was so full of life.He never let anything slow him down.I mean,he truly was unstoppable."About once a week,she gathers up her crew and takes them to hospitals,schools or the Easter Seals—a nonprofit that helps adults with disabilities.
“I look for dogs that have been through traumatic(创伤的)events,but they have this amazing gift of forgiveness,"Pearl said."And that's a powerful thing for a lot of people, because they can see the courage,the resilience(韧性)that these dogs have.And all of mine have been through the worst—and they've come out shining."
She says all her dogs are here because they've gotten a second chance at life.And for other survivors of abuse,or those with disabilities,that can be a powerful thing to see.
24.What can we know about the seven dogs
A.They walk on all their four legs.
B.They are physically challenged.
C.They are famous in many movies.
D.They are trained to help each other.
25.What does Dream Fetchers do
A.Save homeless dogs.
B.Train therapy dogs.
C.Provide leashes for dogs.
D.Offer treatment to adults.
26.What contributed to Pearl's adopting more disabled dogs
A.Her love of dogs.
B.The needs of a nonprofit.
C.Her wish to rescue dogs
.D.Eddie's unstoppable spirit.
27.What do Pearl's dogs show to those receiving therapy
A.Love and help connecting each other.
B.Power and reliance seen in everyday life.
C.Strength and courage facing sufferings.
D.Approaches and wisdom dealing with trouble.
C
The problem of food borne metal contamination(污染)has taken on new urgency,thank sin part to a 2021 US Congressional Report detailing high levels of metals found in baby food pulled off grocery shelves.More recently,high levels of lead(铅)were discovered in children's fruit puree pouches.Now,two new studies provide information on the correlation between exposure to heavy metals in food and the risk of cancers and other serious health risks.
Food crops can absorb heavy metals from contaminated soil,air,and water.As a result, traces of dangerous heavy metals—lead,arsenic(砷么and cadmium(镉)—are found in common foods from rice and cereals to nuts and vegetables.7Fglicia Wu,Michigan State University food scientist,is leading several investigations to gain a better understanding of the health risks of heavy metal exposure.
In the studies,Wu and her colleague,gathered data on the dietary intake of each metal from various sources such as food and water samples and existing studies and reports.There searchers analysand the data to determine the strength of the association between dietary exposure and bad health effects.Both cancer and non-cancer health effects were considered.
Lead is a poisonous metal commonly found in old paint,water pipes,and contaminated soil.Food sources of lead include root vegetables like beets.In the study,lead showed moderate(中度的)to high risk scores for causing lung,kidney,bladder,stomach,and brain cancers.It also showed moderate to high scores for non-cancer risks.
Their initial estimates suggest that every year,more than 6,000 additional cases of bladder and lung cancers and over 7,000 cases of skin cancers can be attributed(归因于)to the consumption of inorganic arsenic in the United States.The researchers also found that certain food products can be associated with higher cancer risk than others.These include rice, wheat, and leafy green vegetables.
28.What do the new studies focus on
A.Food safety and children's health.
B.Food crops and metal contamination.
C.Heavy metals and its danger extent.
D.Metal contamination in food and health risks.
29.Why do heavy metals exist in fond
A.Food crepe need metal 1o grow well.
B.Heavy metals are added by producers,
C.They can help with scientific research.
D.Food crops grow up in polluted conditions,
30.How did Wu and her colleague conduct their studies
A.By doing surveys online.
B.By analyzing data
C.By performing experiments.
D.By referring to previous textbooks,
31.Which ran best describe Wu's findings
A.Dramatic.
B Alarming.
C.Confusing.
D.Awesome.
D
The poster child for generative Al software is a shocking human mimic(模仿者).It represents a potential new era in research,but brings risks.
It co-wrote scientific papers-sometimes secretly.It drafted outlines for presentations, proposals and classes.churned out(大量炮制)computer code,and served as a sounding board for research ideas.lt also invented references,made up facts and repeated hate speech.Most of all, it caught people's imaginations.ChatGPT took on whatever role its interlocutors(对话者)desired—and some they didn't.
ChatGPT's only objective is to plausibly continue dialogues in the style of its training data.But in doing so,it and other generative artificial-intelligence(AI)programme are changing how scientists work.They have also reopened debates about the limits of AI,the nature of human intelligence and how best to adjust the interaction between the two.
For some researchers ChatGPT has become an invaluable lab assistant—helping to summarize or write manuscripts(手稿),polish applications and write codes.ChatGPT and related software can help to brainstorm ideas,enhance scientific,search engines and identify research gaps in the literature,says Marinka Zitnik,who works on AI for medical research at Harvard Medical School in Boston,Massachusetts.
But the technology is also dangerous.Automated conversational agents can aid cheats and plagiarists(剽窃者);left unchecked,they could damage the well of scientific knowledge. Undisclosed AI-made content has begun to spread through the Internet and some scientists have admitted using ChatGPT to generate articles without declaring it.
No one knows how much more there is to get from ChatGPT- like systems. Their capabilities might yet be limited by the availability of computing power or new training data.But the generative AI revolution(革命)has started.And there's no turning back.
32.Which aspect of ChatGPT is Paragraph 2 about
A.Its potential.
B.Its influence
C.Its application.
D.Its working theory.
33.What does the underlined word"plausibly"probably mean in Paragraph 3
A.Secretly.
B.Fairly.
C.Reasonably.
D.Immediately
34.What is Marinka Zitnik's attitude towards ChatGPT
A.Positive.
B.Critical.
C.Concerned.
D.Unclear,
35.What is the best title for the text
A.More Users' Welfare:ChatGPT
B.AI Revolution;No Turning Back
C.ChatGPT:More Functions Developed
D.ChatGPT and Science:for Good and Bad
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Retain(保留)Knowledge
Retaining knowledge is important for success at school and in the workplace.While there's no set rule for how much people will forget over a given amount of time,everyone will sometimes struggle t0 remember important information.__36__
Use spaced repetition.If you want to remember something,don't repeat it over and over to yourself—this is known as massed repetition.__37__Ideally,you want to try to retrieve(找回)the information exactly at the moment when you were about to forget it.The difficulty of retrieving the information correlates to how strongly you will remember it.
Quiz yourself.__38__The process of retrieving the information from your brain seems to strengthen your mental connection to it,making it easier to remember that information over the long term.
Take notes long-hand.Even if you only use your laptop for note-taking,and stay away from distractions like e mail or social media,typing is still less effective than hand writing your notes.__39__This is the first step towards understanding and retaining knowledge,rather than merely recording it.
__40__Teaching the knowledge you need to retain to a friend,roommate,or family member forces you to translate the information into clear,understandable language.This is an important activity in"active learning",which has been shown to improve memory and understanding of knowledge.
A.Link your knowledge to larger concepts.
B.Explain your knowledge to someone else.
C.Instead,let some time go by before you repeat it.
D.Reflect on what aspects of the learning process have worked for you.
E.Taking a short test helps to keep information you've just learned in your mind.
F.Writing by hand is slower and forces you to put the teacher's words into your own words.
G.However,it's possible to strengthen memorization skills and ensure important knowledge is retained.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Looking over the top of the book,I glanced(瞥)across at the new girl named Rochelle. She only joined our class at the beginning of the week.It must be hard starting a new school in the middle of the year.
At last,the bell went for the end of the day,I__41__Rochelle running towards a tall woman who must be her mum.Then I saw a(n)__42__thing.Rochelle's mum was waving her arms round and making shapes with her fingers,and Rochelle was doing the same.Oh,could her mother be __43__ My mind was filled with questions.
The next day,I was reading when I felt a tap on my shoulder.I__44__and Rochelle was standing in front of me.“Shall we test each other ”she asked.“Yes,of course,”I replied.But I couldn't help asking,"Is your mum deaf ""Yes,both my parents are,"she said."Oh,I'm sorry. That must be really tough."I could tell by the__45__on Rochelle's face that I'd said something wrong,but somehow I__46__.“So,did your parents need someone to help them look after you when you were a baby ""Of course not,"Rochelle got__47__.“Being deaf doesn't mean they're stupid,"she was almost __48__.“In fact,they're much __49__than most people I know.”I didn't say her parents were stupid.But before I could explain,she__50__out of the classroom.I hurried after her.but she kept her back to me __51__I were her enemy
After school.I saw Rochelle and her mother moving their hands quickly.I stood there, quietly observing, realizing how__52__I had been to assume that her parents' deafness meant they needed help looking after her.I felt a pang of__53__for my curlier ignorance.All of a sudden,Rochelle was coming over to me.Her anger from earlier__54__into a vulnerable(脆弱的)sadness.She whispered,“I am sorry for shouting at you.”“I understand now,Rochelle.I never intended to hurt you or your parents.”Hearing my words,Rochelle's eyes__55__.and a smile appeared on her lips.
41.A.spotted 42.A.warming 43.A.blind 44.A.looked up 45.A.worry 46.A.followed 47.A.disappointed 48.A.jumping 49.A.harder 50.A.stormed 51.A.now that 52.A.wrong 53.A.misunderstanding 54.A.appeared 55.A.widened B.ignored B.satisfying B.deaf B.bent down B.confusion B.continued B.cool B.burning B.happier B.slipped B.as if B.cruel B.regret B.clarified B.sharpened C.recognized C.upsetting C.ill C.put forward C.expression C.asked C.annoyed C.laughing C.kinder C.swept C.even though C.crazy C.willingness C.turned C.darkened D.admitted D,surprising D,injured D.broke out D.smile D.wondered D.excited D.shouting D.cleverer D.skipped D.in case D.considerate D.sympathy D.boiled D.softened
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Books are the most valuable intellectual wealth of humanity.However,there are quantities of ancient Chinese__56__(classic)suffering from different degrees of damage due to various reasons.This led to the__57__(emerge)of the profession of ancient book restorers.“People call us the‘ancient book doctors’,”said Yang Mingli,__58__ancient book restorer at the Wuhan Library in Hubei province.“I really like this name,and our__59__(young)'patient' is at least 100 years old.”
Yang started off in the library__60__(work)in reader service and data entry for ancient books.In 2012,she__61__(voluntary)requested to further her studies in the ancient book restoration skills courses offered by the China National Centre for the Preservation and Conservation of Ancient Books.Since then,she__62__(go)on to become a full-time restorer for the next 10 years and has restored about 10,000 pages of ancient books.
The fragments(碎片)of the book range in size,with the smallest being only a few millimetre__63__length.“It could disappear with just one blow,”she joked.The primary causes of illness__64__(see)in damaged ancient books are aging,acidity(酸性),fire,and other factors,__65__may bring about easily broken pages as well as deterioration(变质)and yellowing of the paper.In some cases,the pages of the book could be completely stuck together as solid as a brick
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华。随着春节假期的到来，你校号召学生在寒假期间学习一项技能。请写出一项你最想掌握的技能，向校英文周报投稿。内容包括：
1.想要学习的技能
2.想要学习的原因。
注意：
].写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答，
The Skill I Want to Acquire
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料.根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For as long as I can remember.I have spent every Sunday afternoon until I was a teen,around the table at Grandma's house.As soon as Grandma and I would return from Sunday Morning Mass at St Joseph's Parish.Grandma got started on the meatball.
Ever since ]was just two years old,Grandma would always allow me,her only granddaughter. at the time.to sneak(偷吃)a meatball before dinner was served.There was something about that snuck meatball.For some reason,it tasted so much better than the one she placed beside my macaroni(通心粉),once we all sat down.My Italian Gamma had a way of keeping an eye on all of her meatballs,to make sure no one snuck a meatball but me, who she gave that special VIP sneak.How,did she do it Well,she would make my"before dinner meatball"slightly bigger than the rest.
The meatball stealing games was all fun until lea-nine came along.Allow me to introduce you to my sister Jeanine,my Gramma's second granddaughter born five years after me,just three years after I fell in love with Gramma's yummy meatballs.
My younger sister Jeanine was quite the fussy(爱挑剔的)eater.She did not care that her gramma made the world's best meatballs,or that our mama made almost as yummy meatballs as her mother did.All Jeanine Bean cared about was being done with dinner as fast as possible so she can go back to playing,and so she can get her evening snack,cocoa and popcorn. Jeanine knew the rules.She knew no snack unless you finish your dinner at least 90 percent. Jeanine was not giving up her favourite snack.She knew she had to develop a plan!She did indeed!
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
So,one day when she was given a meatball on her plate,she stole that meatball.
One day my mother noticed that something smelt funny in our closet.
考答案、提示及评分细则
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
1～5 CABBA 6～10 CAABC 11～15 BCBAB 16～20 BCACA
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共，15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
【文章力意】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了一些无名英雄，他们以独特的视角和方法应对环境保护的全球挑战。
21.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Through he‘Fridays for Future' initiative,Greta encourages students worldwide to advocate for climate action, calling for the agency of addressing climate change.”可知，通过“未来周五”倡议，格蕾塔鼓励全世界的学生倡导气候行
22.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“This grassroots initiative empowered communities, particularly women,to fight against deforestation through tree planting."可知，这一基层倡议使社区，特别是妇女，能够通过植树造林来对抗森林砍伐。
23.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ma Jun began his career as an investigative journalist,but has quickly risen to become an outstanding Chinese environmentalist,known for his pioneering work in water pollution control.”可知，马军的职业生涯始于一名调查记者，但他很快就成了一名杰出的中国环保主义者，因其在水污染控制方面的开创性工作而闻名。
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Debbie Pearl收养了7只遭受虐待的残疾狗。现在，它们正在帮助激励其他人。
24.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段"A closer look will show she has seven dogs with her—and none of the mare walking on all four legs...and all of her dogs have disabilities and use wheelchairs or prosthetic limbs."可知，这些狗身体上有问题。
25.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“...she created a nonprofit called Dream Fetchers,which helps rescue dogs from the streets.”可知，Dream Fetchers是帮助救助流浪狗的。
26.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段内容“‘Eddie was definitely my inspiration for adopting other disabled dogs,'Pearl said.'He was so full of life.He never let anything slow him down.I mean,he truly was unstoppable.’”可知，促使Pearl收养其他残疾狗的是Eddie的不可阻挡的精神。
27.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段中“And that's a powerful thing for a lot of people,because they can see the courage,the resilience that these dogs have.”以及最后一段中“...that can be a powerful thing to see”可知，这些狗向那些接受治疗的人们展示了面对艰难时的力量和勇气。
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。食源性金属污染问题已经变得更加紧迫，部分原因是2021年美国国会的一份报告详细说明了从杂货店货架上下架的婴儿食品中发现的高含量金属。最近，在儿童的水果泥袋中发现了高水平的铅。现在，两项新的研究提供了接触食物中的重金属与患癌症和其他严重健康风险之间关系的信息。
28.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Now,two new studies provide information on the correlation between exposure to heavy metals in food and the risk of cancers and other serious health risks."可知，这两项研究聚焦于食物中的金属与健康风险之间的关系。
29.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Food crops can absorb heavy metals from contaminated soil, air,and water.”可知，食物中存在金属的原因是它的生长环境受到了污染。
30.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段内容“The researchers analyzed the data to determine the strength of the association between dietary exposure and bad health effects."可知，他们是通过数据分析进行研究的。
31.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段"Their initial estimates suggest that every year,more than 6,000additional cases of bladder and lung cancers and over 7,000 cases of skin cancers an be attributed to the consumption of inorganic arsenic in the United States.”可知，她的发现是“令人担忧的，令人恐惧的”。
【文章大意】本文是三篇说明这。生成式人工智能软件的典型代表是一个令人震惊的人类模仿者。它代表了一个潜在的研究新时代，但也带来了风险。
32.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，ChatGPT共同撰写科学论文——有时是秘密地。它为演讲、提案和课程起草大纲，大量编写计算机代码，并为研究想法提供意见。它还发明参考文献，编造事实，重复仇恨言论。最重要的是，它抓住了人们的想象力。ChatGPT扮演了对语者想要的任何角色——有些是他们
不想要的。因此第二段介绍的是ChatGPT的应用。
33.【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。根据本句的“continue dialogues”和状语“in the style of its training data”可知此处副词的意思是“合理地”。
34.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段Marinka Zitnik的话“ChatGPT and related software can help to brainstorm ideas,enhance scientific search engines and identify research gaps in the literature(ChatGPT和相关软件可以帮助集思广益，增强科学搜索引擎和识别文献中的研究空白)”可知，他对ChatGPT的态度是肯定的。
35.【答案】D
【解析】标题归纳题。本文介绍了ChatGPT的应用以及它对科学的有利和不利之处。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。保留知识对于在学校和工作场所取得成功都很重要。虽然在给定的时间内人们会忘记多少没有固定的规则，但每个人有时都会努力记住重要的信息。然而，加强记忆技能并确保记住重要知识是可能的。
36.【答案】G
【解析】段末总结句。本句位于第一段的段末，点出本文的主旨，具有统领全文的作用。故选G。
37.【答案】C
【解析】段中承接句。根据上文"If you want to remember something,don't repeat it over and over to yourself—this is known as massed repetition."可知，下文承接上文的“如果你想记住什么,不要一遍又一遍地对自己重复——这就是所谓的大量重复”,此处应该是提出如何做：相反，在你重复之前，让一段时间过去。故选C。
38.【答案】E
【解析】段中承接句。根据本段主题句：Quiz yourself,可知本句提出本段话题：做一个简短的测试可以帮助你记住刚刚学到的信息。故选E。
39.【答案】F
【解析】段中承接句。根据下文“This is the first step towards understanding and retaining knowledge,rather than merely recording it.”可知，上文介绍了：手写比较慢，而且会迫使你把老师的话变成自己的话。故选F。
40.【答案】B
【解析】段首主旨句。根据下文可知本段介绍了把你需要记住的知识教给朋友、室友或家人，迫使你把这些信息翻译成清晰易懂的语言。这是“主动学习”中的一项重要活动，已被证明可以提高对知识的记忆和理解。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了同学Rochelle的父母是聋哑人，作者在和她的接触中无意冒犯了她，后来误解消除的过程。
41.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词。“我”看见Rochelle跑向一个高个子女人，这个女人是她的母亲。
42.【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词。Rochelle的妈妈挥舞胳膊，并且用手指比划，Rochelle也在做同样的事情。因为Rochelle是会说话的，所以“我”看到这一幕的时候感到意外，产生了疑问——她的妈妈是聋哑人吗
43.【答案班
【解析】码查形容可。解切同上。
44.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语。“我”正在读东，这时有大轻拍“我”的肩膀，所以“我”抬头。
45.【答案】C
【解析】考查名词。“我”可以从Rochelle的表情判断“我说错五
46.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词。根据上下文”我”连续的发问，可知“我”继续问道。
47.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词。根据上文以及下文“好像我是她的敌人”可知，她应该是很生气。
48.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词。“我”无意冒犯的发问使得敏感的Rochelle感觉受到了伤害，她生气了，所以她几乎是大喊道：“失聪并不意味着他们笨。事实上，他们比我认识的大多数人都聪明得多。”
49.【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词。解析同上。
50.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词。“我”无意冒犯的发问使得敏感的Rochelle感觉受到了伤害，因为她感觉“我”歧视她的父母，并且觉得她的父母笨。所以她冲出教室，不听“我”的解释。storm out of怒气冲冲地离开。
51.【答案】B
【解析】考查连词短语。“我”急忙追赶她，但是她背对着“我”好像“我”是她的敌人。
52.【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词。根据上下文以及后面的ignorance(无知)可知，“我”为自己的无知感到后悔，所以“我”意识到“我”之前错得很离谱——因为她的父母是聋哑人就认为他们照顾不了自己的孩子。
53.【答案】B
【解析】考查名词。解析同上。
54.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词。根据下上文可知，在母亲的开导下，Rochelle为之前发脾气向“我”道歉，所以她的怒火消失转而变成了一种脆弱的哀伤——感觉总是会受到别人的误解。
55.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词。“我”也向Rochelle道歉，听到“我”的话，Rochelle的目光也变得柔和。soften柔和，变温和。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。书籍是人类最宝贵的智力财富。然而，由于各种原因，无数的中国经典遭受了不同程度的破坏，这导致古籍修复师这一职业的出现。
56.【答案】classics
【解析】考查名词单复数。classic名词，经典著作，可数，故用复数。
57.【答案】emergence
【解析】考查词性转换。动词变名词，作宾语。
58.【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。杨是一位古籍修复师，故用冠词限定名词。
59.【答案】youngest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：我们最小的“病人”至少有100岁了。故用最高级。
60.【答案】working
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此句的谓语动词是started off,working在此处作状语，与逻辑主语Yang之间是主动关系。
61.【答案】voluntarily
【解析】考查词性转换。形容词变副词，修饰动词。
62.【答案】has gone/has been going
【解析】专查时态。本句时间状语是since...,故用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
63.【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。句意书的碎叶大小不一，最小的只有几毫米长。in length固定搭配。
64.【答案】seen
【解析】考查非谓语动词。过去分词作后置定语，与所修饰词illness不之间是被动关系。
65.【答案】which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。factors是先行词，空前有逗号，故用which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
One possible version;
The Skill I Want to Acquire
With the Spring Festival approaching,I will have quite a lot of free time,which is a good chance to gain some useful skills.For me,learning to cut paper is something I am eager to acquire.
As we all know,paper-cutting is a traditional Chinese culture and a visual feast.During the Spring Festival,houses are decorated with paper-cuts so that everyone can bask in the festive atmosphere.Therefore, I intend to develop the practical skill to contribute to the preservation of traditional culture.I believe I can do it if I put my mind to it.
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
One possible version:
So,one day when she was given a meatball on her plate,she stole that meatball.She stole it right off her dinner plate.However,rather than making its way to her eight-year-old mouth,it found its way in her bedroom closet!Yes,you heard me right!My little sister hid that meatball and put it in her bedroom closet,so she can pass herself off as finishing her dinner and can be free to go play,and then afterwards be rewarded hot cocoa and popcorn later that evening for finishing her dinner.
One day my mother noticed that something smelt funny in our closet.My curious mother followed her nose to the back of our clothes closet.Sure enough,there were about 4 weeks of our family dinner meatballs hidden behind all of our summer jelly shoes!Seeing these,Mum immediately understood her trick.What was the cost of making Mum angry No snacks for a week.However,I would say nothing was going to stand in the way of Jeanine and her favourite snack!Who knew if she had another plan.
听力部分录音材料
(Text 1)
W:Hey,where are you going
M:I left my dictionary in the library.I'm going to find it.
W:Hurry up!The dorm room is closing.
(Text 2)
M:Hi,Sue.I hear you are going off to Sydney.When are you leaving
W:This coming Thursday,that is to say,the day after tomorrow.
(Text 3)
W:I've made a shopping list.Is there anything else you want to buy while we are downtown
M:Let's stop at the camera shop to get some colour films.
(Text 4)
M:Is the basketball match on now,Julie
W:No，it begins at 9:00 after the talent show.There is a movie starting now.
(Text 5)
M:Ouch!My pen is broken!Can I borrow yours,Betty
W:You're the only person who still uses pens to take notes in class.Everyone else uses a laptop.
(Text 6)
M:When can I collect my computer You know,I brought my compacter here two weeks ago.
W:I'm sorry.We're still repairing it.
M:Look here,every time I call,you give me the same answer.
W:Be patient,sir.We would be grateful if you could wait a few more days.
M:Wait I can't wait anymore.
W:I understand that.But we're trying our best to...
M:I need no excuse.
W:Alright,sir,we'll repair the computer immediately and have it sent to you tonight.
(Text 7)
M:Excuse me,I'm looking for the...are you the manager
W:Yes.I am.What can I do for you
M:I bought this yesterday,but I didn't look at the receipt until today—and I'm shocked that I didn't get the discount that you were advertising.I thought that this item would be 30%off!
W:May I have a look Hmm...it says it was checked out on register four—that's Heather.He is new on staff,so he probably didn't know about the sale.I'm very sorry about that.I'll fix the problem right away and get you some cash
M:Thanks very much.I'll just be waiting over there.
(Text 8)
M:What a beautiful place!
W:Yeah.After the grayness of Manhattan,the colour of Hawaii seem so bright.
M:Well,I've been to a lot of amazing beaches in San Diego and Miami,but this is definitely one of the nice stones I've been to.Why don't we go for a swim I hear there are lots of fish we can see.W:Good idea.I can use my new video camera—it's waterproof.
M:Wow,where did you get that
W:I got it in Manhattan a week ago.The bodies of their cameras are designed to be extra strong.The camera can handle being dropped,and I can use it underwater up to 60 metres deep.
M:And it's so small and lightweight.How much did it cost
W:Well,I could have gotten the older model for $180.But I bought the latest version for $300,because it's lighter and has better picture quality.I also spent an extra $30 for an extra battery pack.
M:Well,let's go,so you can use it!
(Text 9)
W:I saw you on the news!Come on,tell me all the details.
M:Well,I was watching the pool from my chair,like I always do.There was a group of kids taking swimming lessons in the deep end.
W:Go on..
M:I guess one of the students hit his head on the diving board,because I saw that someone was sinking to the bottom of the pool.
W:So,what dig you do next
M:I jumped into the pool after their instructor jumped in and brought the kid back to the surface. It was a young boy,and he had wallowed a lot of water.
W:Wow.Did you give him mouth-to-mouth
M:Of course.Then I told one of the kids to call for an ambulance
W:Quick thinking!
M:The boy coughed the water up almost immediately,and the emergency services arrived twenty minutes later.
W:How was he
M:He had no memory of the past ten minutes.He didn't even know why his parents were crying.
W:He must have been in shock.
(Text 10)
Do you know when and how bicycles began Well,in the eighteenth century,cities became larger and larger.And people moved from the countryside and small towns to the cities because there was more work for them to do in the cities.On Sundays and holidays,they liked to leave the cities and have a good time in the countryside.But not every family had a horse.So people needed a simpler means of transportation,and inventors in many countries tried to solve this problem.
Therefore,the first bicycle,which was very simple,appeared in 1790 in France.People called it"the horse on wheels",but it was difficult to ride and it also felt uncomfortable.Then in 1861,after many improvements being made,bicycles became a practical means of transportation. And people liked bicycles,because they were not as expensive as horses,and better still,they didn't need to be fed.However,they could go anywhere and were easy to ride.
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