2023-2024学年江西省上饶市广丰区高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（原卷版+ 解析版）

江西省上饶市广丰区新实中学2023-2024学年高一上学期
期末考试英语试卷
考试范围：人教版(2019)必修第一册;考试时间：120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When did the woman get home last night
A. At 10:00 B. At 10:30. C. At 11:00.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Were you late home again last night
W: Yes. I went to a party which finished at 10:00 so I didn’t come back home until 11 at night.
M: You should be back at least 30 minutes earlier.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A baby. B. A dog. C. A cat.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: So, this is the famous Trixie!
M: Yes, this is my baby. Cute, isn’t she She’ll probably go to sleep soon; she sleeps so much. You may think she is a cat rather than a dog!
3. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. In a park.
B. In a zoo.
C. In a pet store.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Look at those beautiful birds over there. I think you can teach them how to talk.
W: But look at the price! I’d rather have a cat.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman’s cat do when it sees mice
A. It acts friendly towards them. B. It tries to catch them. C. It stays still.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Although my cat is friendly, whenever she sees a mouse, she goes for it immediately.
W: My cat is lazy usually. When she sees a mouse, she sits still and her eyes go wide. I think she is a little bit scared!
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman mean
A. The restaurant used to be more crowded.
B. The restaurant is closing now.
C. The prices of the dishes are lower now.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: This place is crowded! I come here every day for lunch, and there are many people in here.
W: Didn’t you hear They just changed the prices on the menu. It’s much cheaper than before.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the woman ask about her trip
A. Accommodation. B. Transportation. C. Entertainment.
7. Where does the man suggest the woman visit first
A. Disneyland. B. The Balboa Park. C. The San Diego Zoo.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I am going to vacation in California. How can I get from one place to another
M: Where are you starting from and where do you want to go
W: I am flying into Los Angeles. I want to visit Disneyland. I also want to examine the San Diego Zoo.
M: Your best choice is to rent a car. California is very large and it takes a long time to get from one place to another. You can drive to Disneyland first. After that, the San Diego Zoo and several museums are in Balboa Park. You can drive to the area, park and then walk to all of them.
W: That sounds great!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the man doing at the start of the conversation
A. Typing a text message. B. Talking on the phone. C. Writing an email.
9. What will the man do tomorrow
A. Take a test. B. Travel with the woman. C. Attend an important meeting.
【答案】8. A 9. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey, Tim! Are you almost ready to go We are going to be late!
M: Almost, honey. I’ve got to finish writing this text message to my partners.
W: You’ve been typing that message for almost 20 minutes.
M: Well, actually, I have been texting back and forth with Randy and Skip. We have that big meeting tomorrow, you know.
W: I wish for once we could have a weekend without text messaging and emails.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What are they talking about
A. Their favorite subjects.
B. Their performance in class.
C. Their preparation for the coming exam.
11. How does the woman feel about organic chemistry
A. It is beyond her ability. B. It is difficult to understand. C. It has too much to memorize.
12. According to the man, what is a good way to improve English reading comprehension
A. Practising a lot. B. Understanding the rules. C. Memorizing more words.
【答案】10. C 11. C 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: How is your preparation for the exam going on
M: Not too bad, overall. I’m worried about English and chemistry, though. How is yours going on
W: Mine is alright. I’m also finding chemistry to be a bit challenging because there is too much to memorize in organic chemistry.
M: Organic chemistry has been a problem for me too. Can we study chemistry together, at least the organic part
W: Sure. I think it’s a good idea. Can you help me with English though
M: Yeah, I can. Where exactly in English you’re facing a problem
W: Thanks. Grammar and reading comprehension are the main problem areas for me.
M: As far as Grammar are concerned, I can help you in understanding the rules. But for reading comprehension, you need to put in lots of practice to get better at it.
W: OK. Will do. Thanks. Let’s get back to studying. All the best for your next exam.
M: Thanks. All the best for you as well.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Taxi driver and passenger.
B. Guide and tourist.
C. Fellow workers.
14. At what place will the speakers stop first probably
A. The company dorm. B. A supermarket. C. A restaurant.
15. What can we know about the new traffic lights
A. They have 10 different combination ways.
B. They aren’t equipped with a timer.
C. They have no right-turn arrow.
16. What does the woman think of the new traffic lights
A. Confusing. B. Convenient. C. Creative.
【答案】13. C 14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Joanna Smith Welcome to Nanjing. I’m Ted. Our branch manager Mr. Lee has sent me to pick you up. Please get in the car and I’ll take care of your suitcase.
W: Thanks. Please call me Jo. So what’s our first stop
M: I’ll send you to the employee dorm first, and later I’ll take you to buy some daily necessities. After all, you’ll spend some time working with us here.
W: What about we stop to find something to eat first The in-flight meal is hard to swallow, you know.
M: Sure. I know a nice place at the next crossing. We can get there in 10 minutes.
W: Great! Wait, Ted, the traffic light looks strange. There’s no timer and the right-turn arrow seems to be not working.
M: No worries. It’s the new edition of the traffic lights. They provide people with 8 kinds of combination ways. This new change really adds convenience.
W: Well, it sounds a bit complex to me. I would get a ticket if I were the one who is driving now.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How does the speaker find the dumplings
A. Traditional and similar.
B. Delicious and various.
C. Healthy and tasty.
18. What’s the difference between Japanese dumplings and Chinese dumplings
A. They are totally different in shapes.
B. The fillings are completely different.
C. The cooking methods are quite different.
19. Where does the speaker come from
A. China. B. Japan. C. Italy.
20. What do we know about the Italian dumpling,ravioli
A. They are in square shape.
B. The fillings are mainly cheese.
C. They are similar to Chinese dumplings.
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
原文】W: Dumplings are a style of food that can be found about everywhere you go. They have many names but may be the most delicious food around the world. In the most basic sense, a dumpling consists of the skin and fillings. As is known, China is the dumpling capital of the world. Jiaozi is a Chinese dumpling. It typically consists of a ground meat and vegetable filling wrapped into a thinly rolled piece of dough. It may be divided into various types depending on how they are cooked. Miyazawa, a Japanese cook, says, “Japanese dumplings came from China at the beginning, but Chinese dumplings are mostly boiled. However, gyoza, a pan-fried meat dumpling, is more common in Japan. It is in a half-moon shape. Its bottom is crispy while the top is softer, thanks to how it is steamed after being pan-fried.” In my hometown, local people tend to call ravioli the Italian dumpling on account of its similar shape. However, they are actually a kind of pasta. Although they are food in the form of “dumplings”, there are big differences in their fillings, cooking methods and sauces that will go with them. For instance, ravioli are in square shape and the fillings can be cheese besides meat and vegetables.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑
A
Fantastic Fall Festivals You Won’t Want to Miss
Seymour Apple Festival
Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment! More than 15,000 people from all over the region come out to take part in the activities, ranging from drawings, vendor booths, food, apple contests, bike-decorating contests and more.
Humansville Fall Festival
The Humansville Fall Festival may be hosted by a small town, but that doesn’t mean it’s lacking big fun. Perfect for all ages, this fall festival is celebrating its 70th year and will provide three full days of fun. This year’s festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years. You’ll also find fun carnival rides, talented craftsmen selling their goods, and an amazing parade to wrap up the event on Saturday.
Southside Fall Festival
The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission. Enjoy a colorful parade and float contest, delicious food stores, live music, karaoke and more.
Fall Into Arts Festival
Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival and much more.
21. What do Seymour Apple Festival and Southside Fall Festival have in common
A. They are free of charge. B. They are for family celebrations.
C. They have parade events. D. They host kid-friendly activities.
22. What makes Humansville Fall Festival special this year
A. Fun activities on Saturday. B. Musicians’ live performance.
C. The area of the hosting town. D. The celebration of the festival.
23. Which of the following attracts families with children
A. Humansville Fall Festival. B. Fall Into Arts Festival.
C. Seymour Apple Festival. D. Southside Fall Festival.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个不容错过的秋季节日。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Seymour Apple Festival”下面的“Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment!(Seymour Apple Festival免费入场，娱乐活动也是免费的！)”和“Southside Fall Festival”下面的“The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission.(Southside Fall Festival非常适合家庭庆祝活动，提供无酒精环境和免费入场券。)”可知，Seymour Apple Festival和Southside Fall Festival这两个节日都免费入场。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Humansville Fall Festival”下面的“This year’s festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years.(今年的音乐节将以出色的当地音乐家的现场音乐为特色，这肯定会使它与其他年份的音乐节有所不同。)”可知，音乐家现场表演使今年的Humansville Fall Festival特别。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Fall Into Arts Festival”下面的“Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival and much more.(一定要带上孩子们一起参加这个庆祝所有创意的节日。Fall Into Arts Festival的特色是一系列适合孩子的活动，比如乐高积木、沙子艺术、泡泡站、粉笔人行道、跳楼等。家长们也会有很多事情要做，有各种各样的艺术家、节日食物、迷你电影节等。)”可知，Fall Into Arts Festival既有许多孩子喜爱的活动，也有为父母准备的活动，故特别受到有孩子的家庭的欢迎。故选B。
B
In 2019, Air Company gained public attention when it produced vodka (伏特加) from carbon in the air, in order to reduce the amount of the harmful greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Today, the company has begun using the same process to make fuel (燃料) for airplanes.
Air Company’s clean aircraft fuel, which was recently tested, could some day help the airline industry achieve its goal of net zero carbon emissions (排放) by 2050. Currently, the airline industry accounts for about 3% of total global carbon emissions each year, and mainly uses traditional, fossil-based fuels.
A number of producers of clean aircraft fuel have come out in recent years, many of whom use something like plant material and cooking oil. But Air Company’s production process starts by pulling harmful carbon emissions out of the air.
The company first harvests carbon, mostly from industrial settings. It then takes water, separates the hydrogen from the oxygen, and puts the carbon together with the hydrogen and other mixtures. After that, it distills (蒸馏) that solution down. The final products are ethyl alcohol (乙醇) to make the company’s vodka and other products such as perfume, as well as paraffin, which forms the basis of its aircraft fuel.
By the time a plane has flown using Air Company’s fuel, it will have given off the same amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) back into the atmosphere as was acquired to make the fuel.
“Already, some of the world’s biggest airlines are supporting Air Company’s dream. They have agreed to buy millions of gallons of its fuel in the coming years.” The company manager says, “However, to get to those large industrial markets like aircraft fuel, traditionally known as the hottest industry to get green, is a long way to go. It’s going to take time, money and effort.”
24. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A. Air Company is famous for producing vodka.
B. Air Company no longer uses traditional fuels.
C. Air Company’s fuel is likely to be environmentally friendly.
D. Air Company accounts for 3% of total global carbon emissions.
25. What does the underlined part “that solution” refer to in Paragraph 4
A. Ethyl alcohol forming the aircraft fuel.
B. Hydrogen that is separated from water.
C. Oxygen, hydrogen, carbon and ethyl alcohol.
D. Mix of carbon, hydrogen and other mixtures.
26. What can be inferred from the manager’s words in the last paragraph
A Major Airlines have already put Air Company’s fuel into use.
B. It takes time for Air Company’s fuel to be used on regular flights.
C. The fuel produced by Air Company is sure to be very expensive.
D. Air company alone will be able to occupy the aircraft fuel markets.
27. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Air Company: Make Air Travel Green
B. Air Company’s Carbon Production Dream
C. Air Company’s Environmental Supporters
D. Air Company: Make Traditional Fuels Available
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Air Company生产的清洁飞机燃料。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 2019, Air Company gained public attention when it produced vodka (伏特加) from carbon in the air, in order to reduce the amount of the harmful greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Today, the company has begun using the same process to make fuel (燃料) for airplanes.(2019年，为了减少大气中有害温室气体的含量，Air Company利用空气中的碳生产伏特加，引起了公众的关注。今天，该公司已经开始使用相同的工艺来制造飞机燃料)”和第二段中“Air Company’s clean aircraft fuel, which was recently tested, could some day help the airline industry achieve its goal of net zero carbon emissions (排放) by 2050.(Air Company的清洁飞机燃料最近经过测试，有朝一日可能帮助航空业实现到2050年实现净零碳排放的目标)”可知，Air Company使用空气中的碳生产飞机燃料，该燃料经过测试，有朝一日可能帮助航空业实现到2050年实现净零碳排放的目标。由此可知，Air Company的燃料很可能是环保的。故选C。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“It then takes water, separates the hydrogen from the oxygen, and puts the carbon together with the hydrogen and other mixtures. After that, it distills (蒸馏) that solution down. (然后它吸收水，将氢和氧分离，将碳和氢以及其他混合物放在一起。之后，它将该溶液蒸馏出来)”可知，“溶液”指的是上文提到的“碳和氢以及其他混合物的混合溶液”。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, to get to those large industrial markets like aircraft fuel, traditionally known as the hottest industry to get green, is a long way to go. It’s going to take time, money and effort.(然而，要进入像飞机燃料这样的大型工业市场，传统上被认为是最热门的绿色工业，还有很长的路要走。这需要时间、金钱和努力)”可推知，Air Company生产的燃料被运用于常规的航班还需要时间，故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“Air Company’s clean aircraft fuel, which was recently tested, could some day help the airline industry achieve its goal of net zero carbon emissions (排放) by 2050.(Air Company的清洁飞机燃料最近经过测试，有朝一日可能帮助航空业实现到2050年实现净零碳排放的目标)”可知，文章主要介绍了Air Company生产的清洁飞机燃料。由此可知，A项“Air Company：使航空旅行变得环保”为最佳标题。故选A。
C
In 2022, campaign group Fashion Revolution Chelsea dye a garden for its Chelsea Flower Show presentation. An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whose time has come again, with hand tie-dyed fashion also making a comeback in recent years.
The revival has been encouraged by Covid lockdowns, “which allowed people to explore the craft at home, says natural-dyeing enthusiast and teacher Susan Dye. It’s unlikely, though, that the practice would have caught on in quite the same way if not for a continually growing discomfort about fashion’s heavy footprint. From carbon emissions to animal cruelty, fashion is under considerable inspection. “Put it this way, 97% of dyes used in the industry are petrochemically (石油化学产品) based,” says sustainable fashion consultant Jackie Andrews, who helped advise the UN Ethical Fashion Initiative. We’ve got net zero targets which mean we’re going to have to remove all those petrochemicals from the manufacturing cycle.
Fashion is a huge polluter. According to the UN Environment Program, the industry is responsible for up to one-fifth of all industrial water pollution—due to the fact that most clothes today are produced in poorer countries where regulation is weak and enforcement weaker. Waste water is dumped directly into rivers and streams, poisoning the land as well as the water sources of people and animals who rely on them.
It’s easy to see why someone who cares about people, planet and animals, as well as clothes, might turn to natural plant dyeing. From the beauty of the raw materials—often wild plants-to the property of only bonding with natural fiber like cotton and linen (亚麻布) from the minor footprint of recycling old clothing that has grayed or faded over time to the vibrant and long-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act of rebellion. This is why, while beginners start with simply changing their clothes’ color, new worlds open. Many of today’s natural dyers grow their own dye plants, run local community workshops, and advocate for change in industrialized fashion systems and beyond.
28. What is the main reason for the growing discomfort mentioned in paragraph 2
A. The adoption of petrochemical-based dyes
B. The disturbing consequences of the fashion industry.
C. The fashion industry’s focus on luxurious designs.
D. The challenging net zero targets to be achieved.
29. How does the author illustrate Fashion is a huge polluter
A. By making a comparison. B. By listing numbers
C. By giving examples. D. By introducing a new topic
30. What does the underlined phrase a quiet act of rebellion in paragraph 4 refer to
A. A protest against turning to natural fiber.
B. An objection to recycling old clothing
C. A resistance to vibrant colors in natural dyeing
D. A struggle for a sustainable fashion industry
31. What would be the most suitable title for the passage
A. The Environmental Impact of Natural Dyeing
B. The Return of Natural Dyeing with Ethical Appeal
C. Fashion Revolution’s Dye Garden Presentation
D. The Petrochemical Dye Industry and Its Challenges
【答案】28 B 29. C 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了天然染色工艺的回归。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’s unlikely, though, that the practice would have caught on in quite the same way if not for a continually growing discomfort about fashion’s heavy footprint. From carbon emissions to animal cruelty, fashion is under considerable inspection. (然而，如果不是因为人们对时尚的沉重足迹不断感到不安，这种做法不太可能以同样的方式流行起来。从碳排放到虐待动物，时尚都受到了严格的检查。)”可知，时尚业也存在碳排放到虐待动物问题，所以人们感到不适是因为时尚产业令人不安的后果。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Fashion is a huge polluter. According to the UN Environment Program, the industry is responsible for up to one-fifth of all industrial water pollution—due to the fact that most clothes today are produced in poorer countries where regulation is weak and enforcement weaker. Waste water is dumped directly into rivers and streams, poisoning the land as well as the water sources of people and animals who rely on them. (时尚是一个巨大的污染者。根据联合国环境规划署的数据，服装业造成的水污染占所有工业水污染的五分之一，原因是如今大多数服装都是在监管薄弱、执法不力的较贫穷国家生产的。废水被直接排入河流和小溪，污染了土地，也污染了赖以生存的人和动物的水源。)”可知，这一段用实际例子来说明时尚是一个巨大的污染源。故选C。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“It’s easy to see why someone who cares about people, planet and animals, as well as clothes, might turn to natural plant dyeing. From the beauty of the raw materials—often wild plants-to the property of only bonding with natural fiber like cotton and linen (亚麻布) from the minor footprint of recycling old clothing that has grayed or faded over time to the vibrant and long-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act of rebellion. (很容易理解为什么一个关心人类、地球和动物以及衣服的人会转向天然植物染色。从原材料的美丽，到只与天然纤维结合的特性，从回收旧衣服随着时间的推移变灰或褪色的微小足迹，到充满活力和持久的染色效果，植物染色感觉像是一种安静的反叛行为。)”可知，这里描述植物染色和化学染色不一样，所以它是对化学染色的反抗，是对可持续发展的维护，所以画线部分的意思应该是“为可持续发展而做斗争”。故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In 2022, campaign group Fashion Revolution Chelsea dye a garden for its Chelsea Flower Show presentation. An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whose time has come again, with hand tie-dyed fashion also making a comeback in recent years. (2022年，活动组织“切尔西时尚革命”为其切尔西花展的展示染了一座花园。自然染色是一种古老的工艺，它的时代又来了，近年来，手工扎染时尚也卷土重来。)”可知，本文主要介绍天然染色工艺的回归。B项“自然染色的回归与伦理诉求”符合本文的标题。故选B。
D
Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh. Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. The team behind the laughing robot Erica said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot. “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy(共情),” said Dr Koji Inoue, the lead author of the research. “So we decided that one way a robot can empathize with its users is to share their laughter.”
The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter. They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely. The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn’t involved) and laughter of joy. Based on the audio files, the algorithm(算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs, which tend to be softer, and merry laughs, with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations.
“Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know, most laughter is actually not shared at all,” said Inoue. “We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn’t just assume that any laugh can be responded to. It was really not easy work.” The team said laughter could help create robots with their own distinct character although it could take more than 20 years before it would be possible to have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.
“One of the things we’d keep in mind is that a laughing robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you or the meaning of laughter,” points out Prof. Sandra Wachter of the Oxford Internet Institute. “But with their development, they might get very good at tricking you into believing they understand what’s going on.”
32. Why did Inoue’s team develop the AI system
A. To better understand human empathy.
B. To promote the social skills of robots.
C. To explore the differences between laughs.
D. To assist robots in identifying people’s moods.
33. What can robot Erica probably do at present
A. Repeat the details of the 80 dialogues.
B. Distinguish people by hearing their laughs
C. Recreate a scene played by the four actresses.
D. Master the features of laughs provided by data.
34. What does the underlined word “obstruct or” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Potential. B. Barrier. C. Alternative. D. Mistake.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Are AI systems going beyond human ability
B. Can conversational AI really understand us
C. Laughing robots are round the corner.
D. Robots become laughing masters.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家正在研究的一款可以笑的机器人。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. The team said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot.(科学家们现在正在开发一种人工智能系统，在适当的社交环境中重现不同的笑声。该团队表示，该系统可以提高人与人工智能机器人之间的自然对话。)”可知，团队开发了人工智能系统是为了提高机器人的社交技能。故选B项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter. They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely. The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn’t involved) and laughter of joy. Based on the audio files, the algorithm(算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs, which tend to be softer, and merry laughs, with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations.(该团队已经开始教授他们的人工智能系统对话式大笑的艺术。他们从男性受试者和最初由四名女演员远程操作的机器人之间的80多次日常对话中收集了训练数据。对话数据被分为社交笑声（不涉及礼貌或尴尬的笑声）和欢乐的笑声。基于音频文件，该算法学习了社交笑声的基本特征，这些笑声往往更柔和、更快乐，目的是反映这些不恰当的情况。)”可知，团队已经开始教授机器人笑的艺术，数据包括了笑的特征，因此推断机器人Erica可能掌握了目前数据提供的笑的特征。故选D项。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第三段“‘Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know, most laughter is actually not shared at all,’ said Inoue. ‘We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn’t just assume that any laugh can be responded to. It was really not easy work.’(Inoue说：“我们在这项工作中最大的 是确定分享笑声的实际案例，因为正如你所知，大多数笑声实际上根本就不是分享的。我们必须仔细决定哪些笑声可以用于我们的分析，我们不能仅仅假设任何笑声都能得到回应。这真的不是一项容易的工作。”)”可知，现在确定分享笑声的实际案例不是一件容易的事情，这是研究人员工作中最大的“障碍”，所以推测obstructor 表示“障碍”。故选B项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh. Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. (笑声有多种形式，从礼貌而安静笑声到开怀大笑。科学家们现在正在开发一种人工智能系统，在适当的社交环境中重现不同的笑声。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍科学家正在研究一款拥有可以笑的机器人。所以C项Laughing robots are round the corner.(会笑的机器人即将问世。)符合语境。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
Encourage Your Teens to Play More
Parents are generally aware of the importance of play for younger kids. But when kids hit the teen stage, it can be confusing to know what play looks like because kids of this age don’t engage in“play“the way younger kids do. Obviously, play changes as kids grow. And parents begin to wonder whether they should continue to encourage their teens to play. ___36___
Playfulness doesn’t go away in childhood; creativity is just as important in adolescence. Adolescence is a time of rapid brain development and self-inquiry — a stage where people can figure out who they are and where the opportunity to stretch in different directions really builds intelligence. ___37___ Furthermore, play allows people to mess up and recover and learn how to do better next time.
___38___A 2011 article in the American Journal of Play evaluated the decline of play and the rise of mental health issues in adolescents. It noted that as play declined, instances of depression, anxiety, and suicide increased. Research found that play can have a positive impact on kids’mental health by helping them to learn to make decisions, solve problems, exhibit self-control, and follow rules.
How to Encourage Play in Teens Teens feel the tension of being pulled toward adulthood while also wanting to regress (退回) toward childhood.___39___ So, one thing adults can do is model vulnerability (脆弱)and playfulness. When parents are willing to engage with teens in play, it can go a long way in encouraging them.___40___There are so many kids who are highly scheduled with lots of activities, and often what kids really need is a little downtime.
A. Mental health is another benefit of play for teens.
B. When engaged in play, teens typically feel joyful.
C. In the end, play will look different from teen to teen.
D. Sometimes it’s like they need permission to be silly again.
E. In addition, parents can offer up raw materials and the time and space to use them.
F. During this period, play can help teens grow and discover things about themselves.
G. Actually, people of all ages benefit from play, including and especially teenagers.
【答案】36. G 37. F 38. A 39. D 40. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么要鼓励青少年玩耍以及如何鼓励青少年玩耍。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Obviously, play changes as kids grow. And parents begin to wonder whether they should continue to encourage their teens to play.(显然，随着孩子的成长，游戏也会发生变化。父母开始考虑是否应该继续鼓励孩子玩耍)”可知，空格处介绍的应该是家长不知是否让青少年继续玩耍，G项意为“事实上，所有年龄段的人都可以从游戏中受益，尤其是青少年。”选项能够解答父母们的疑惑，选项中的“teenagers”和上文的“teens”相呼应。故选G。
【37题详解】
根据下文“Furthermore, play allows people to mess up and recover and learn how to do better next time.(此外，玩耍可以让人们从错误中恢复过来，并学习下次如何做得更好)”可知，空格处介绍的应该是青少年继续玩耍的好处，F项意为“在此期间，玩耍可以帮助青少年成长并发现自己。”选项介绍了玩耍对青少年有好处，选项中的“furthermore”表示补充。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据下文“A 2011 article in the American Journal of Play evaluated the decline of play and the rise of mental health issues in adolescents. It noted that as play declined, instances of depression, anxiety, and suicide increased. Research found that play can have a positive impact on kids’mental health by helping them to learn to make decisions, solve problems, exhibit self-control, and follow rules.(《美国游戏杂志》(American Journal of Play) 2011年的一篇文章评估了青少年中游戏的减少和心理健康问题的增加。报告指出，随着玩耍减少，抑郁、焦虑和自杀的情况增加。研究发现，玩耍可以通过帮助孩子学习做决定、解决问题、表现出自我控制和遵守规则，对孩子的心理健康产生积极影响)”可知，空格处介绍的应该是青少年继续玩耍对心理健康的好处，A项意为“心理健康是青少年玩耍的另一个好处。”选项和杂志文章的研究一致。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据上文“How to Encourage Play in Teens Teens feel the tension of being pulled toward adulthood while also wanting to regress (退回) toward childhood.(如何鼓励青少年玩耍？青少年感到被拉向成年的紧张，同时也想回到童年)”可知，空格处提供的是让青少年玩耍的方法，以及下文“So, one thing adults can do is model vulnerability (脆弱) and playfulness.(所以，成年人可以做的一件事就是模仿脆弱和顽皮)”D项意为“有时他们似乎需要获得许可才能再次犯傻。”，选项中的“silly”和后文的“vulnerability (脆弱) and playfulness”相呼应。故选D。
【40题详解】
根据上文“When parents are willing to engage with teens in play, it can go a long way in encouraging them.(当父母愿意和孩子一起玩耍时，这对鼓励他们会有很大的帮助)”可知，空格处介绍家长可以和青少年一起玩耍，E项意为“此外，家长可以提供原材料以及使用它们的时间和空间。”选项对前面家长可以做的事情进行了补充，选项中的“In addition”起到补充的作用。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
My son Timmy was born with several rare developmental disabilities. By age 13, he had had at least 10 surgeries on his legs and feet. Balancing and walking was very ____41____ for Timmy, and he needed a great deal of help with mobility.
Meeting Janice, who ____42____ treat Timmy, changed Timmy’s life. Janice and Timmy ____43____ an immediate bond. That bond led us to get our Larry, the biggest dog I’ve ever seen. Janice, being so ____44____ with my son and her dogs, knew Timmy and Larry would make a perfect ____45____.Larry, not usually easy to bond with, was ____46____ like glue to my son the minute they walked in the door.
Larry has changed Timmy, s life so much for the better. Not only does Larry give my son ____47____ for his mobility issues by keeping him steady on his feet and protecting him from ____48____, but he is also his best friend. If Timmy is sleeping, Larry does not ____49____ his side. If Timmy does not feel ____50____, Larry still will not leave his side, even to ____51____ or go out.
Larry slows to Timmy’s pace and watches every ____52____ he makes. They walk along together in perfect steps. It is truly ____53____ to watch the two of them together. This year, Timmy and Larry began their journey in high school together. The ____54____ that Larry gives Timmy is priceless. Larry is always there to support Timmy for mobility, for falling, for companionship, and is his best ____55____.
41.
A. suitable B. difficult C. easy D. perfect
42.
A. used to B. seemed to C. had to D. failed to
43.
A. motivated B. pushed C. anticipated D. formed
44.
A. disappointed B. strict C. careful D. familiar
45.
A. judgement B. day C. match D. task
46.
A. dressed B. stuck C. pulled D. invited
47.
A. support B. message C. highlight D. news
48.
A. bleeding B. falling C. following D. screaming
49.
A. take B. come C. leave D. see
50.
A. sad B. excited C. angry D. well
51.
A. eat B. drive C. read D. laugh
52.
A. plan B. decision C. move D. conclusion
53.
A. amazing B. shocking C. boring D. annoying
54.
A. exercise B. security C. account D. tension
55.
A. doctor B. journey C. school D. friend
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了狗狗拉里和行动不便的蒂米相遇的过程，和拉里给蒂米的无价的安全保障。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对蒂米来说，保持平衡和行走是非常困难的，他在行动方面需要很多帮助。A. suitable合适的；B. difficult困难的；C. easy容易的；D. perfect完美的。根据空前的“My son Timmy was born with several rare developmental disabilities. By age 13, he had had at least 10 surgeries on his legs and feet. Balancing and walking ”可知，“我”的儿子蒂米出生时患有几种罕见的发育性残疾。到13岁时，他的腿和脚已经做了至少10次手术。对蒂米来说，保持平衡和行走是非常困难的。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：珍妮丝曾经治疗提米，遇见珍妮丝改变了提米的生活。A. used to曾经；B. seemed to似乎；C. had to不得不；D. failed to未能。根据后文的“treat Timmy, changed Timmy’s life.”可知，珍妮丝曾经治疗提米，她改变了提米的生活。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：珍妮丝和蒂米很快就建立了联系。A. motivated使产生动机；B. pushed推动；C. anticipated预期；D. formed形成。根据后文的“an immediate bond. That bond led us to get our Larry”可知，珍妮丝和蒂米很快就建立了联系，并且这种联系让“我们”得到了拉里。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：珍妮丝对我儿子和她的狗非常熟悉，她知道蒂米和拉里会是完美的一对。A. disappointed失望的；B. strict严格的；C. careful小心的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文的“with my son and her dogs, knew Timmy and Larry would make a perfect 5 . Larry, not usually easy to bond with, was 6 like glue to my son the minute they walked in the door.”可知，因为珍妮丝对“我”儿子和她的狗非常熟悉，所以她才知道蒂米和拉里会是完美的一对。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍妮丝对我儿子和她的狗非常熟悉，她知道蒂米和拉里会是完美的一对。A. judgement判决；B. day天；C. match相配的人（或物）；D. task任务。根据前文的“Larry, not usually easy to bond with, was 6 like glue to my son the minute they walked in the door.”可知，拉里，通常不容易相处，但是从他们进门的那一刻起，就像胶水一样粘在我儿子身上了，说明蒂米和拉里是相配的一对。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常不容易相处的拉里，从他们进门的那一刻起，就像胶水一样粘在我儿子身上了。A. dressed穿着；B. stuck粘贴，粘住；C. pulled拉动；D. invited邀请。根据前文的“like glue to my son”可知，拉里就像胶水一样粘在我儿子身上了。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：拉里不仅为我儿子的行动不便提供支持，帮助他站稳，防止他摔倒，他还是他最好的朋友。A. support支持；B. message消息；C. highlight ；D. news新闻。根据后文的“for his mobility issues by keeping him steady on his feet and protecting him from 8 ”可知，拉里为行动不便的儿子提供支持，帮助他站稳，防止他摔倒。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：拉里不仅为我儿子的行动不便提供支持，帮助他站稳，防止他摔倒，他还是他最好的朋友。A. bleeding出血；B. falling摔倒；C. following ；D. screaming尖叫。根据前文的“by keeping him steady on his feet and protecting him from”可知，拉里为行动不便的儿子提供支持，帮助他站稳，防止他摔倒。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果提米睡着了，拉里不会离开他。A. take拿；B. come来；C. leave离开；D. see看见。根据后文的“his side”和“Larry still will not leave his side”可知，提米睡着了，拉里不会离开他，蒂米感觉不舒服，拉里仍然不会离开他的身边。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果蒂米感觉身体不好，拉里仍然不会离开他的身边，甚至吃饭或外出的时候。A. sad悲伤的；B. excited兴奋的；C. angry愤怒的；D. well健康，身体好。根据前文的“If Timmy does not feel”和后文“Larry still will not leave his side”可知，如果蒂米感觉身体不好，拉里仍然不会离开他的身边。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果蒂米感觉不舒服，拉里仍然不会离开他的身边，甚至吃饭或外出的时候。A. eat吃；B. drive驾驶；C. read读；D. laugh笑。根据前文的“If Timmy does not feel 10 , Larry still will not leave his side, even”和后文“or go out”可知，如果蒂米感觉不舒服，拉里仍然不会离开他的身边，甚至吃饭或外出的时候。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：拉里放慢了脚步，看着蒂米的每一个动作。A. plan计划；B. decision决定；C. move动作；D. conclusion结论。根据前文的“Larry slows to Timmy’s pace and watches every”和后文“They walk along together in perfect steps”可知，他们以完美的步伐一起行走，是因为拉里放慢了脚步，看着蒂米的每一个动作。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到他们俩在一起真是太棒了。A. amazing惊人的，棒的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. boring没趣的；D. annoying烦人的。根据前文的“Larry, not usually easy to bond with, was 6 like glue to my son the minute they walked in the door.”和后文“to watch the two of them together”可知，看见他俩形影不离的在一起真是太棒了。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：拉里给蒂米的安全保障是无价的。A. exercise练习；B. security安全；C. account账户；D. tension紧张。根据后文的“Larry is always there to support Timmy for mobility, for falling, for companionship”可知，拉里总是在那里支持蒂米，防他跌倒，给他陪伴，可以看出拉里给蒂米的安全保障是无价的。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：拉里总是在那里支持蒂米，防他跌倒，给他陪伴，做他最好的朋友。A. doctor医生；B. journey旅程；C. school学校；D. friend朋友。根据前文的“Larry is always there to support Timmy for mobility, for falling, for companionship, and is his best”可知，拉里总是在那里支持蒂米，防他跌倒，给他陪伴，所以拉里是他最好的朋友。故选D项。
第二节：(共10个小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiao Han and He Ting, are now full-time artists and they run their own studios. They graduated from Shanghai Normal University ___56___ they majored in traditional Chinese painting, ___57___ unique ancient art form, which is created by using ink and water-based colors on materials such as paper or silk.
Xiao ___58___ (use) to creating paintings on round silk fans. His creative ___59___ (inspire) comes from the pure and simple life of people in the Southern Song Dynasty, “That is the very ideal painting and life style in a busy world ___60___ I dream of,” says Xiao, who set up a home studio in Shanghai ___61___ a window allowing him to enjoy the sunrise.
Despite drawing people and life, He Ting, from the coastal city of Xiangshan in Zhejiang Province, decorates the folding fans ___62___(feature) paintings that are focused on landscapes. And he loves the views of Jiangnan water towns, which can bring people much ___63___ (warm).
“We are lucky to be living in a time when the government supports the culture industry ___64___ (complete). Now the revival(复兴) of traditional Chinese culture ___65___ (promote) in the whole country. And I believe that artists will get more chances to spread the culture both at home and abroad,” says He Ting.
【答案】56. where
57. a 58. is used
59. inspiration
60. that 61. with
62. featuring
63. warmth pletely
65. is being promoted
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了两位全职艺术家的经历、艺术特色等。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们毕业于上海师范大学，主修国画，这是一种独特的古老艺术形式，它是用墨水和水基颜色在纸或丝绸等材料上创作的。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是Shanghai Normal University，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们毕业于上海师范大学，主修国画，这是一种独特的古老艺术形式，它是用墨水和水基颜色在纸或丝绸等材料上创作的。此处泛指“一种独特的古老艺术形式”，且unique以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【58题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：肖习惯在圆绢扇上作画。be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为Xiao，故be动词用is。故填is used。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：他的创作灵感来自于南宋人纯朴的生活，“这是我梦寐以求的忙碌世界中最理想的绘画和生活方式，”肖说，他在上海建立了一个家庭工作室，有一扇窗户可以让他欣赏日出。分析句子结构可知，本空用不可数名词inspiration“灵感”，作主语。故填inspiration。
【60题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他的创作灵感来自于南宋人纯朴的生活，“这是我梦寐以求的忙碌世界中最理想的绘画和生活方式，”肖说，他在上海建立了一个家庭工作室，有一扇窗户可以让他欣赏日出。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是ideal painting and life style in a busy world，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作of的宾语，且先行词有the very修饰，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：他的创作灵感来自于南宋人纯朴的生活，“这是我梦寐以求的忙碌世界中最理想的绘画和生活方式，”肖说，他在上海建立了一个家庭工作室，有一扇窗户可以让他欣赏日出。结合句意可知，本空填介词with，表示“带有”。故填with。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管画的是人和生活，但来自浙江沿海城市象山的何婷在折扇上装饰的是以风景为特色的画。本句谓语为decorates，此处应用非谓语动词，且the folding fans与feature“以……为特色”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填featuring。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：他喜欢江南水乡的景色，它能给人带来很多温暖。分析句子结构可知，本空填不可数名词warmth“温暖”，作宾语。故填warmth。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：我们很幸运生活在一个政府完全支持文化产业的时代。分析句子结构可知，本空填副词completely“完全地”，作状语。故填completely。
【65题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：现在，中国传统文化的复兴正在全国范围内推动。结合语境和时间状语now可知，本句用现在进行时，表示现在进行的动作，且主语the revival of traditional Chinese culture和动词promote“推动”为被动关系，时态用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being promoted。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 在世界环境日之前，某英文网站开展了以“Our Environment in the Future”为主题的征稿活动。假定你是李华，请你写一篇英语短文投稿。内容包括：
1．设想一下未来地球的自然环境展望；
2．解释原因。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．合理增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Our Environment in the Future
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I’m optimistic about our environment in the future. I believe we’ll have a more beautiful and cleaner Earth that is perfect for us to live on.
As time goes by, people’s awareness of environmental protection has been raised to a completely new level and more peopled will take action to improve the environment by planting more trees, living a low-carbon lifestyle and sorting their waste. Meanwhile, the government will attach even greater importance to environmental protection and introduce more policies to reduce pollution, such as greater support for new energy vehicles and limiting carbon emissions.
As long as people can work together, we will leave behind a wonderful planet for future generations.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英语短文，向某英文网站开展的以“Our Environment in the Future”为主题的征稿活动投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
完全：completely→totally
过着……的生活：live a…lifestyle→lead a…lifestyle
同时：meanwhile→at the same time
减少：reduce→decrease
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Meanwhile, the government will attach even greater importance to environmental protection and introduce more policies to reduce pollution, such as greater support for new energy vehicles and limiting carbon emissions.
拓展句：Meanwhile, the government will attach even greater importance to environmental protection and introduce more policies to reduce pollution, which include greater support for new energy vehicles and limiting carbon emissions.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I believe we’ll have a more beautiful and cleaner Earth that is perfect for us to live on.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】As long as people can work together, we will leave behind a wonderful planet for future generations.（运用了as long as引导的条件状语从句）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
How far would you go to help a friend Jeremy Savage, aged 17, and Ian Marshall, aged16, both from Canada, had their friendship tested to the limit on a recent trip to the Rocky Mountains with their parents.
On Saturday morning, the two boys decided to climb Cathedral Mountain by themselves while their parents relaxed at the campsite. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop.
However, trouble began when they started the climb down. On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three metres off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move. Jeremy had to decide what to do. He needed help but he did not want to leave his friend. He cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and then tried to help Ian stand up, but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. They had to wait and hope that help would come.
Meanwhile, as darkness started to fall, their parents back at the campsite became very worried that the boys had not returned. They got in touch with park workers and began searching for the boys. Soon more than 20 people were looking for them on Cathedral Mountain.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
While they waited for help, Jeremy gave Ian his food and water and let him lie on his jacket.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At sunrise, Jeremy decided that the only way to help his friend was to carry him down the mountain.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
While they waited for help, Jeremy gave Ian his food and water and let him lie on his jacket. As the evening grew darker and the temperature dropped, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents but Jeremy still did not leave. He thought it was too dangerous for Ian to be alone on such a cold, windy night. Jeremy made use of his jacket and an extra shirt to keep Ian warm. In the dreadful darkness, they rested together through the night.
At sunrise, Jeremy decided that the only way to help his friend was to carry him down the mountain. So, they started the long climb back to the campsite. Sometimes Jeremy carried Ian on his back. Sometimes he carried him in his arms. Finally, after four long and tiring hours, they came across their parents, who were still looking for them on the mountain. Jeremy and Ian burst into tears, sobbing out what had happened in this adventure.“I will always remember what Jeremy did for me,” said Ian gratefully. “He saved my life. That is the greatest thing that a person can do for his friend.”
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jeremy Savage和Ian Marshall在爬山过程中，Ian从三米高的地方掉了下来，受了严重的伤，Jeremy不离不弃，奋力相救的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当他们等待救援时，Jeremy给了Ian食物和水，让他躺在夹克上。”可知，第一段可描写Jeremy对Ian不离不弃，陪着他等待救援。
②由第二段首句内容“日出时，Jeremy决定帮助他的朋友的唯一方法就是把他抬下山。”可知，第二段可描写Jeremy背Ian下山回程的艰辛过程和Ian的感激之情。
2.续写线索：爬山受伤——等待救援——拒绝离开——决定背Ian下山回程——路途艰辛——遇见父母——Ian感动和感激
3.词汇激活
行为类
①突然哭起来：burst into tears/burst out crying
②偶遇：come across/run into
情绪类
①感激地：gratefully/thankfully
②可怕的：dreadful/scary
【点睛】[高分句型1]Finally, after four long and tiring hours, they came across their parents, who were still looking for them on the mountain. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Jeremy and Ian burst into tears, sobbing out what had happened in this adventure. (运用了现在分词作状语和what引导的宾语从句)江西省上饶市广丰区新实中学2023-2024学年高一上学期
期末考试英语试卷
考试范围：人教版(2019)必修第一册;考试时间：120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When did the woman get home last night
A. At 10:00 B. At 10:30. C. At 11:00.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about
A A baby. B. A dog. C. A cat.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. In a park.
B. In a zoo.
C. In a pet store.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman’s cat do when it sees mice
A. It acts friendly towards them. B. It tries to catch them. C. It stays still.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman mean
A. The restaurant used to be more crowded.
B The restaurant is closing now.
C. The prices of the dishes are lower now.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the woman ask about her trip
A. Accommodation. B. Transportation. C. Entertainment.
7. Where does the man suggest the woman visit first
A. Disneyland. B. The Balboa Park. C. The San Diego Zoo.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the man doing at the start of the conversation
A. Typing a text message. B. Talking on the phone. C. Writing an email.
9. What will the man do tomorrow
A. Take a test. B. Travel with the woman. C. Attend an important meeting.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What are they talking about
A. Their favorite subjects.
B. Their performance in class.
C. Their preparation for the coming exam.
11. How does the woman feel about organic chemistry
A. It is beyond her ability. B. It is difficult to understand. C. It has too much to memorize.
12. According to the man, what is a good way to improve English reading comprehension
A. Practising a lot. B. Understanding the rules. C. Memorizing more words.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Taxi driver and passenger.
B. Guide and tourist.
C. Fellow workers.
14. At what place will the speakers stop first probably
A. The company dorm. B. A supermarket. C. A restaurant.
15. What can we know about the new traffic lights
A. They have 10 different combination ways.
B. They aren’t equipped with a timer.
C. They have no right-turn arrow.
16. What does the woman think of the new traffic lights
A. Confusing. B. Convenient. C. Creative.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How does the speaker find the dumplings
A. Traditional and similar.
B. Delicious and various.
C. Healthy and tasty.
18. What’s the difference between Japanese dumplings and Chinese dumplings
A. They are totally different in shapes.
B. The fillings are completely different.
C. The cooking methods are quite different.
19. Where does the speaker come from
A. China. B. Japan. C. Italy.
20. What do we know about the Italian dumpling,ravioli
A. They are in square shape.
B. The fillings are mainly cheese.
C. They are similar to Chinese dumplings.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑
A
Fantastic Fall Festivals You Won’t Want to Miss
Seymour Apple Festival
Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment! More than 15,000 people from all over the region come out to take part in the activities, ranging from drawings, vendor booths, food, apple contests, bike-decorating contests and more.
Humansville Fall Festival
The Humansville Fall Festival may be hosted by a small town, but that doesn’t mean it’s lacking big fun. Perfect for all ages, this fall festival is celebrating its 70th year and will provide three full days of fun. This year’s festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years. You’ll also find fun carnival rides, talented craftsmen selling their goods, and an amazing parade to wrap up the event on Saturday.
Southside Fall Festival
The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission. Enjoy a colorful parade and float contest, delicious food stores, live music, karaoke and more.
Fall Into Arts Festival
Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival and much more.
21. What do Seymour Apple Festival and Southside Fall Festival have in common
A. They are free of charge. B. They are for family celebrations.
C. They have parade events. D. They host kid-friendly activities.
22. What makes Humansville Fall Festival special this year
A. Fun activities on Saturday. B. Musicians’ live performance.
C. The area of the hosting town. D. The celebration of the festival.
23. Which of the following attracts families with children
A. Humansville Fall Festival. B. Fall Into Arts Festival.
C. Seymour Apple Festival. D. Southside Fall Festival.
B
In 2019, Air Company gained public attention when it produced vodka (伏特加) from carbon in the air, in order to reduce the amount of the harmful greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Today, the company has begun using the same process to make fuel (燃料) for airplanes.
Air Company’s clean aircraft fuel, which was recently tested, could some day help the airline industry achieve its goal of net zero carbon emissions (排放) by 2050. Currently, the airline industry accounts for about 3% of total global carbon emissions each year, and mainly uses traditional, fossil-based fuels.
A number of producers of clean aircraft fuel have come out in recent years, many of whom use something like plant material and cooking oil. But Air Company’s production process starts by pulling harmful carbon emissions out of the air.
The company first harvests carbon, mostly from industrial settings. It then takes water, separates the hydrogen from the oxygen, and puts the carbon together with the hydrogen and other mixtures. After that, it distills (蒸馏) that solution down. The final products are ethyl alcohol (乙醇) to make the company’s vodka and other products such as perfume, as well as paraffin, which forms the basis of its aircraft fuel.
By the time a plane has flown using Air Company’s fuel, it will have given off the same amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) back into the atmosphere as was acquired to make the fuel.
“Already, some of the world’s biggest airlines are supporting Air Company’s dream. They have agreed to buy millions of gallons of its fuel in the coming years.” The company manager says, “However, to get to those large industrial markets like aircraft fuel, traditionally known as the hottest industry to get green, is a long way to go. It’s going to take time, money and effort.”
24. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A. Air Company is famous for producing vodka.
B. Air Company no longer uses traditional fuels.
C. Air Company’s fuel is likely to be environmentally friendly.
D. Air Company accounts for 3% of total global carbon emissions.
25. What does the underlined part “that solution” refer to in Paragraph 4
A. Ethyl alcohol forming the aircraft fuel.
B. Hydrogen that is separated from water.
C. Oxygen, hydrogen, carbon and ethyl alcohol.
D. Mix of carbon, hydrogen and other mixtures.
26. What can be inferred from the manager’s words in the last paragraph
A. Major Airlines have already put Air Company’s fuel into use.
B. It takes time for Air Company’s fuel to be used on regular flights.
C. The fuel produced by Air Company is sure to be very expensive.
D. Air company alone will be able to occupy the aircraft fuel markets.
27. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Air Company: Make Air Travel Green
B. Air Company’s Carbon Production Dream
C. Air Company’s Environmental Supporters
D. Air Company: Make Traditional Fuels Available
C
In 2022, campaign group Fashion Revolution Chelsea dye a garden for its Chelsea Flower Show presentation. An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whose time has come again, with hand tie-dyed fashion also making a comeback in recent years.
The revival has been encouraged by Covid lockdowns, “which allowed people to explore the craft at home, says natural-dyeing enthusiast and teacher Susan Dye. It’s unlikely, though, that the practice would have caught on in quite the same way if not for a continually growing discomfort about fashion’s heavy footprint. From carbon emissions to animal cruelty, fashion is under considerable inspection. “Put it this way, 97% of dyes used in the industry are petrochemically (石油化学产品) based,” says sustainable fashion consultant Jackie Andrews, who helped advise the UN Ethical Fashion Initiative. We’ve got net zero targets which mean we’re going to have to remove all those petrochemicals from the manufacturing cycle.
Fashion is a huge polluter. According to the UN Environment Program, the industry is responsible for up to one-fifth of all industrial water pollution—due to the fact that most clothes today are produced in poorer countries where regulation is weak and enforcement weaker. Waste water is dumped directly into rivers and streams, poisoning the land as well as the water sources of people and animals who rely on them.
It’s easy to see why someone who cares about people, planet and animals, as well as clothes, might turn to natural plant dyeing. From the beauty of the raw materials—often wild plants-to the property of only bonding with natural fiber like cotton and linen (亚麻布) from the minor footprint of recycling old clothing that has grayed or faded over time to the vibrant and long-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act of rebellion. This is why, while beginners start with simply changing their clothes’ color, new worlds open. Many of today’s natural dyers grow their own dye plants, run local community workshops, and advocate for change in industrialized fashion systems and beyond.
28. What is the main reason for the growing discomfort mentioned in paragraph 2
A. The adoption of petrochemical-based dyes
B. The disturbing consequences of the fashion industry.
C. The fashion industry’s focus on luxurious designs.
D. The challenging net zero targets to be achieved.
29. How does the author illustrate Fashion is a huge polluter
A By making a comparison. B. By listing numbers
C. By giving examples. D. By introducing a new topic
30. What does the underlined phrase a quiet act of rebellion in paragraph 4 refer to
A. A protest against turning to natural fiber.
B. An objection to recycling old clothing
C. A resistance to vibrant colors in natural dyeing
D. A struggle for a sustainable fashion industry
31. What would be the most suitable title for the passage
A. The Environmental Impact of Natural Dyeing
B. The Return of Natural Dyeing with Ethical Appeal
C. Fashion Revolution’s Dye Garden Presentation
D. The Petrochemical Dye Industry and Its Challenges
D
Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh. Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. The team behind the laughing robot Erica said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot. “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy(共情),” said Dr Koji Inoue, the lead author of the research. “So we decided that one way a robot can empathize with its users is to share their laughter.”
The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter. They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely. The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn’t involved) and laughter of joy. Based on the audio files, the algorithm(算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs, which tend to be softer, and merry laughs, with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations.
“Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know, most laughter is actually not shared at all,” said Inoue. “We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn’t just assume that any laugh can be responded to. It was really not easy work.” The team said laughter could help create robots with their own distinct character although it could take more than 20 years before it would be possible to have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.
“One of the things we’d keep in mind is that a laughing robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you or the meaning of laughter,” points out Prof. Sandra Wachter of the Oxford Internet Institute. “But with their development, they might get very good at tricking you into believing they understand what’s going on.”
32. Why did Inoue’s team develop the AI system
A. To better understand human empathy.
B. To promote the social skills of robots.
C. To explore the differences between laughs.
D. To assist robots in identifying people’s moods.
33. What can robot Erica probably do at present
A. Repeat the details of the 80 dialogues.
B. Distinguish people by hearing their laughs
C. Recreate a scene played by the four actresses.
D. Master the features of laughs provided by data.
34. What does the underlined word “obstruct or” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Potential. B. Barrier. C. Alternative. D. Mistake.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Are AI systems going beyond human ability
B. Can conversational AI really understand us
C. Laughing robots are round the corner.
D. Robots become laughing masters.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
Encourage Your Teens to Play More
Parents are generally aware of the importance of play for younger kids. But when kids hit the teen stage, it can be confusing to know what play looks like because kids of this age don’t engage in“play“the way younger kids do. Obviously, play changes as kids grow. And parents begin to wonder whether they should continue to encourage their teens to play. ___36___
Playfulness doesn’t go away in childhood; creativity is just as important in adolescence. Adolescence is a time of rapid brain development and self-inquiry — a stage where people can figure out who they are and where the opportunity to stretch in different directions really builds intelligence. ___37___ Furthermore, play allows people to mess up and recover and learn how to do better next time.
___38___A 2011 article in the American Journal of Play evaluated the decline of play and the rise of mental health issues in adolescents. It noted that as play declined, instances of depression, anxiety, and suicide increased. Research found that play can have a positive impact on kids’mental health by helping them to learn to make decisions, solve problems, exhibit self-control, and follow rules.
How to Encourage Play in Teens Teens feel the tension of being pulled toward adulthood while also wanting to regress (退回) toward childhood.___39___ So, one thing adults can do is model vulnerability (脆弱)and playfulness. When parents are willing to engage with teens in play, it can go a long way in encouraging them.___40___There are so many kids who are highly scheduled with lots of activities, and often what kids really need is a little downtime.
A Mental health is another benefit of play for teens.
B. When engaged in play, teens typically feel joyful.
C. In the end, play will look different from teen to teen.
D. Sometimes it’s like they need permission to be silly again.
E. In addition, parents can offer up raw materials and the time and space to use them.
F. During this period, play can help teens grow and discover things about themselves.
G. Actually, people of all ages benefit from play, including and especially teenagers.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
My son Timmy was born with several rare developmental disabilities. By age 13, he had had at least 10 surgeries on his legs and feet. Balancing and walking was very ____41____ for Timmy, and he needed a great deal of help with mobility.
Meeting Janice, who ____42____ treat Timmy, changed Timmy’s life. Janice and Timmy ____43____ an immediate bond. That bond led us to get our Larry, the biggest dog I’ve ever seen. Janice, being so ____44____ with my son and her dogs, knew Timmy and Larry would make a perfect ____45____.Larry, not usually easy to bond with, was ____46____ like glue to my son the minute they walked in the door.
Larry has changed Timmy, s life so much for the better. Not only does Larry give my son ____47____ for his mobility issues by keeping him steady on his feet and protecting him from ____48____, but he is also his best friend. If Timmy is sleeping, Larry does not ____49____ his side. If Timmy does not feel ____50____, Larry still will not leave his side, even to ____51____ or go out.
Larry slows to Timmy’s pace and watches every ____52____ he makes. They walk along together in perfect steps. It is truly ____53____ to watch the two of them together. This year, Timmy and Larry began their journey in high school together. The ____54____ that Larry gives Timmy is priceless. Larry is always there to support Timmy for mobility, for falling, for companionship, and is his best ____55____.
41.
A. suitable B. difficult C. easy D. perfect
42.
A. used to B. seemed to C. had to D. failed to
43.
A. motivated B. pushed C. anticipated D. formed
44.
A. disappointed B. strict C. careful D. familiar
45.
A. judgement B. day C. match D. task
46.
A. dressed B. stuck C. pulled D. invited
47.
A. support B. message C. highlight D. news
48.
A. bleeding B. falling C. following D. screaming
49.
A. take B. come C. leave D. see
50.
A. sad B. excited C. angry D. well
51.
A. eat B. drive C. read D. laugh
52.
A. plan B. decision C. move D. conclusion
53.
A. amazing B. shocking C. boring D. annoying
54.
A. exercise B. security C. account D. tension
55.
A. doctor B. journey C. school D. friend
第二节：(共10个小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiao Han and He Ting, are now full-time artists and they run their own studios. They graduated from Shanghai Normal University ___56___ they majored in traditional Chinese painting, ___57___ unique ancient art form, which is created by using ink and water-based colors on materials such as paper or silk.
Xiao ___58___ (use) to creating paintings on round silk fans. His creative ___59___ (inspire) comes from the pure and simple life of people in the Southern Song Dynasty, “That is the very ideal painting and life style in a busy world ___60___ I dream of,” says Xiao, who set up a home studio in Shanghai ___61___ a window allowing him to enjoy the sunrise.
Despite drawing people and life, He Ting, from the coastal city of Xiangshan in Zhejiang Province, decorates the folding fans ___62___(feature) paintings that are focused on landscapes. And he loves the views of Jiangnan water towns, which can bring people much ___63___ (warm).
“We are lucky to be living in a time when the government supports the culture industry ___64___ (complete). Now the revival(复兴) of traditional Chinese culture ___65___ (promote) in the whole country. And I believe that artists will get more chances to spread the culture both at home and abroad,” says He Ting.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 在世界环境日之前，某英文网站开展了以“Our Environment in the Future”为主题的征稿活动。假定你是李华，请你写一篇英语短文投稿。内容包括：
1．设想一下未来地球的自然环境展望；
2．解释原因
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．合理增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Our Environment in the Future
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第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
How far would you go to help a friend Jeremy Savage, aged 17, and Ian Marshall, aged16, both from Canada, had their friendship tested to the limit on a recent trip to the Rocky Mountains with their parents.
On Saturday morning, the two boys decided to climb Cathedral Mountain by themselves while their parents relaxed at the campsite. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop.
However, trouble began when they started the climb down. On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three metres off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move. Jeremy had to decide what to do. He needed help but he did not want to leave his friend. He cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and then tried to help Ian stand up, but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. They had to wait and hope that help would come.
Meanwhile, as darkness started to fall, their parents back at the campsite became very worried that the boys had not returned. They got in touch with park workers and began searching for the boys. Soon more than 20 people were looking for them on Cathedral Mountain.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
While they waited for help, Jeremy gave Ian his food and water and let him lie on his jacket.
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At sunrise, Jeremy decided that the only way to help his friend was to carry him down the mountain.
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