2023学年第一学期期末调研测试卷
高二英语
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)，第Ⅰ卷1至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至10页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项：
1. 答第Ⅰ卷时，考生务必用2B铅笔按“正确涂写”要求涂写答题卡。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。
3. 考试结束，考生将答题卡交回。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s weather like now
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
2. When will the woman return
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Friday.
3. How many tests docs the woman have to take today
A One. B. Two. C. Three.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a bookstore. B. At a library. C. At the man’s home.
5. How much will the man pay for the toys in total
A. $10. B. $30. C. $40.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
所下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What kind of person is Mr. Smith
A. Humorous. B. Kind. C. Generous
7. What does the man learn from Mr. Smith
A. Maths. B. Historic stories. C. Jokes.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When will the plane take off
A. At 4:50. B. At 6:30. C. At 7:30.
9. How will the speakers go to the airport
A. By taxi. B. By underground. C. By bus.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student.
B. Interviewer and interviewee.
C. Colleagues.
11. What does the man think of Ms. White
A. Formal. B. Casual. C. Mean.
12. How often do the woman and Ms. White have a get-together
A. Every Friday. B. Twice a week. C. Once a month.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who are the two speakers
A. Boss and employee. B. Husband and wife. C. Parent and child.
14. What day is it today
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
15. What dessert will be served at the dinner party
A. Pie. B. Cookies. C. A cake
16. What will the man probably do next
A. Do some cleaning. B. Invite the guests. C. Decorate the house.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the talk mainly about
A Exercise and health. B. Traffic and pollution. C. Life and work.
18. What are city planners trying to do
A. Keep out cars.
B. Add more buses.
C. Close shops in the city center.
19. What is the speaker’s attitude to the practice of city planners
A. Uncertain. B. Supportive. C. Opposed.
20. What can we do to make a difference according to the speaker
A Make sensible decisions.
B. Spend money wisely.
C. Help people understand the problems.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
With a huge variety of animals, plants, and geological features, it’s no surprise the Rocky Mountains host many national parks in both the US and Canada. Here are a few of the national parks in the region dedicated to preserving the unique environments of the Rocky Mountains.
Rocky Mountain National Park
The first of the great national parks in the Rocky Mountains, this park includes 415 square miles of land across the Continental Divide. Because of its size, visitors can experience high mountain peaks, grassy valleys, hidden alpine lakes, and beautiful waterfalls. Rock climbers can scale a thousand feet up the sheer rock cliffs of Longs Peak, and there are many hiking trails.
Yellowstone National Park
Yellowstone is probably one of the most well-known national parks. President Ulyssess S. Grant designated Yellowstone as the very first national park in the United States on March 1, 1872. It is famous for its hot springs, boiling mud, fumaroles and geysers such as Old Faithful, which shoots boiling water more than 100 feet into the air. Yellowstone also has its own canyon and magnificent waterfall. Visitors can see bison, elk, wolves and grizzly bears.
Grand Teton National Park
Travelers can leave Yellowstone on a parkway that brings them right to Grand Teton National Park, just north of Jackson, Wyoming. Humans have lived in the area for more than 11,000 years, and traces of this history can be found throughout the park. Grand Teton has many opportunities for hiking, camping, boating, rock climbing, and viewing wildlife, as well as amazing views of the Grand Teton Mountain Range.
Banff National Park
Banff National Park is located near Calgary, in Alberta, Canada. Banff was Canada’s first national park, and is known for its mountain peaks, its hundreds of glaciers, and glacier-fed lakes such as Lake Louise. Banff has many hiking trails and campsites, and winter visitors snowshoe, ski, and skate.
1. Which of the following best suits winter sports lovers
A. Rocky Mountain National Park. B. Yellowstone National Park.
C. Grand Teton National Park. D. Banff National Park.
2. What can we learn from the passage
A. Rocky Mountain National Park has its own canyon.
B. Yellowstone National Park are famous for campsites.
C. Grand Teton National Park enjoys the longest history.
D. Banff National Park is the first national park in Canada.
3. Where is the passage most likely taken from
A. A science magazine. B. A travel brochure.
C. A geography textbook. D. A wildlife guidebook.
B
In 1996, someone found some very old clothes in an old mine in Nevada, USA; they included a pair of dirty old jeans. Today, those jeans are very valuable, and they are now in the Levi Strauss Archival Collection, in San Francisco. The jeans, which are over 140 years old, are the oldest pair of Levi’s 501 jeans in the world.
They are almost the same as a modern pair of 501’s; there are just some small differences in the detail For instance, today’s 501’s have two back pockets, the old pair just has one.
In 1853, a young tailor from Germany, called Levi Strauss, began working in San Francisco; Levi sold thick canvas to miners; the miners used the canvas to make tents.
One day, a miner told Levi that he could not find trousers that were strong enough for work in the gold mines. Levi decided to make some trousers out of canvas.
Very soon, he had sold all the canvas trousers he’d made! They were just what miners wanted.
However, the canvas was rather heavy and stiff Levi therefore began to look for a different textile; soon he found a heavy textile from France; it was called serge de Nimes. Americans just called this de Nimes, and this name soon got reduced to denim.
Denim was a bit lighter than canvas but it was very strong: it was ideal for miners.
However, original denim was almost white, and miners did not like the color! Their denim trousers got dirty as soon as they began working!
Levi Strauss therefore decided to use colored denim, and he chose dark blue. In 1873, he began to make denim trousers with metal rivets to make them stronger. This was a radical new idea: “Blue jeans” had arrived!
Levi’s jeans were so popular, that his company got bigger and bigger, soon, other firms were making blue jeans too. Miners liked them, but so did cowboys and other working men. Blue jeans became classic American working trousers. After the Second World War, jeans became popular all over the world. Today, blue jeans are now the international uniform worn by young people.
4 Why did Levi start to make jeans at first
A. To start a business. B. To make use of canvas.
C. To make a difference. D. To meet the miners’ needs.
5. What do you know about “denim”
A. It was originally dark blue.
B. It was introduced from France.
C. It was thought little of by cowboys.
D. It was heavy and stiff compared to canvas.
6. Which of the following can best describe Levi
A. Diligent and honest. B. Innovative and devoted.
C. Noble and persistent. D. Generous and warm-hearted.
7. What is the passage mainly about
A. A creative tailor. B. A long-existing trend.
C. The origin of jeans. D. The famous brand of jeans.
C
The Amazon rainforest spreads across nine South American countries but most of it (60%) is in Brazil. Brazilian scientists think they might have found a way to reverse the damage caused by deforestation and turn farmland back into forest. The secret lies in ancient local knowledge of soil.
Amazonian dark earth (ADE) is a thick, black soil found deep in the Amazon rainforest, and it could help restore forests around the world. ADE is a kind of compost — a soil made from dead plants and animals. Various kinds of compost are sold in gardening centers around the world, but ADE is unique. It was created by indigenous people (the descendants of people who lived somewhere before another culture arrived and took over) from the Amazon between 2,000 and 2,500 years ago. The Amazonian people, today known as Amerindians, created ADE using charcoal from fires, animal bones, food waste and poo. It contains microbes, including bacteria that help to turn chemicals in the soil into useful nutrients that feed plants and trees.
Vast areas of the Amazon have been cut down, mostly to make way for grassland for raising cattle. Scientists are looking for a way to turn grassland back into rainforest and revive forest ecosystems. These support thousands of animal and plant species, many of them unique to the area. Forests also absorb lots of carbon dioxide, a gas that cause climate change.
To see if the Amazon’s special soil could help, the scientists grew grasses and trees in ADE, regular earth and a mixture of both. Trees grown in ADE were up to six times taller than those in regular soil. ADE takes hundreds of years to create, so the scientists can’t simply make more. Team member, Dr. Siu Mui Tsai, said that instead they want to try and “copy its characteristics”, especially its helpful microbes, and see if it could help to restore natural habitats.
8. What are Brazilian scientists trying to do
A. To bring forests back. B. To measure damage.
C. To reduce farmland. D. To dig out ancient soil.
9. What made the Amazonian dark earth special
A. Dead plants. B. Animal bones. C. Food waste. D. Bacteria inside.
10. What is the main idea of paragraph 3
A. The reasons for cutting down forests. B. The benefits of raising cattle.
C. The significance of forest ecosystems. D. The influence of climate change.
11. Which of the following might Dr. Siu agree with
A. Amazonian dark earth is helpful to microbes.
B. Amazonian dark earth is produced in large quantities.
C. Microbes are beneficial to the revival of forests.
D. Microbes are the characteristics of the natural habitats.
D
Does it ever seem like something is going on with our attention spans Gloria Mark, an attention researcher at the university of California, says there is scientific evidence that attention spans have shrunk considerably. “We started studying attention span length over 20 years ago,” Mark said. “In 2003, we found that attention spans averaged about two-and-a-half minutes on any screen before people switched, In the past five, six years, they are averaging 47 seconds on the screen.”
Mark maintains that a shorter attention span has three downsides: The first is that people make more errors when they do attention shifting; second downside is that it takes longer to do something, because we have to adjust to every new task every time we shift; the third downside — maybe this is the worst of all — is that stress increases. When people are working on multiple tasks and they have to shift their attention, their blood pressure rises.
You don’t have to be a professor to guess at the cause of our great distract ability: It’s technology, of course-phones, social media, texting. It might be hard to think of the last time you even had a tech-free hour. So she offered a couple of tips for staying focused: First, when you feel the itch to change tasks, analyze why. If it’s just boredom or procrastination (拖延症), make a deal with yourself to work another 20 minutes, and then treat yourself to a reward.
Second, picture yourself at the end of the day. What do you want to have accomplished What do you want to feel “A concrete visualization of yourself sitting on the couch, you know, watching your favourite show is really good motivation,” she said.
The internet has this incredible resource available to us, so rather than be upset by it because it distracts us, how can we turn that around and instead find value from it And how can we utilize our time best when we use the resources from the Internet without getting exhausted from it These questions are what Gloria Mark will focus on in her subsequent research.
12. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. Negative effects of short attention spans. B. Benefits of long attention spans.
C. Causes of short attention spans. D. Ways to deal with short attention spans.
13. What does the underlined word in para. 3 probably mean
A. Necessity. B. Courage. C. Desire D. Choice
14. Which of the following may Gloria Mark suggest
A. Imagining what you will accomplish at the end of the day is a waste of time.
B. Multitasking is a good way to extend our attention span.
C. It is necessary to think twice before shifting your tasks.
D. We’d better say no to the internet sometimes as it distracts us.
15. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A Are Our Attention Spans Getting Shorter B. How Do We Live with the Internet
C. Is Multitasking Possible D. What Can We Do to Make Our Attention Spans Longer
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you have mountains of homework and studying ahead, getting started can seem like an impossible task. ____16____ Read on to learn how to stop procrastinating (拖延) on studying, focus even when you’re tired, and get motivated to do your schoolwork!
Start with your easiest task to get the ball rolling. ____17____ When you really don’t feel like getting started, it’s better to set yourself up for a quick win. Try working from the shortest to the most time-intensive task, and work from easiest project to the hardest. Once you finish a small step or two, you’ll get an awesome sense of accomplishment that’ll make it easier to keep going!
____18____ Pick a few tasks you can accomplish in just one sitting. Divide your larger studying goals into small, concrete steps. Identify specific, achievable goals that you can work on one at a time. This way, you can make good progress, and achieving each goal will make you feel accomplished at the end of your study session.
Reward yourself when you complete a task. Treat yourself to help you stay motivated and make studying fun. If you’re in the middle of a study session, you can take a quick walk, eat a granola bar, or listen to a favorite song. ____19____
Work with your friends or a tutor. Positive peer pressure can be a great motivator! Unless working with others creates more of a distraction, find a study buddy or group you can collaborate with. ____20____ If group studying doesn’t work for you, find a tutor who can help you work through your assignments.
A. Break down your work into smaller pieces.
B. Set goals together, and check-in along the way.
C. Make things less stressful by starting with just a small task.
D. Try a fresh approach to your studies if you’re sick of reading and writing.
E. We’ll teach you how to get into the right frame of mind before you start studying.
F. If you’ve finished your study session, feel free to wind down by playing a video game.
G. If you’re to attend a college, each small study meeting will get you closer to your dream.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Most 13-year-olds might have spent those three years preoccupied with schoolwork or hanging out with mates. One teenager, however, spent his nights sleeping in a ____21____ to raise money for the hospice (安养院) that looked after his friend. Now, Max Woosey has decided to go back indoors after three years and his years-long fundraising campaign has ____22____ more than 700,000 in charitable donations.
“I love camping, it’s one of my ____23____ things and I’m definitely going to miss it,” he said. “I think the highlight would have to be the second camp out, ____24____ that year was the hardest.” “The first year was quite nice but the second was ____25____ and there were worse storms. It was really ____26____ for me because all my friends and family were there.” He said that although the wind and rain proved to be ____27____ adversaries (对手), it was last summer’s heatwave that almost ____28____ him to return to the comforts of his bedroom. “____29____, it was horrible, and when there’s a heatwave your tent turns into a greenhouse. It was absolutely boiling,” he said. On the prospect of sleeping inside on a ____30____ basis again, he said: “I think it’s going to be weird (怪异的) the first few nights but I think it is time to come inside now. There are future ____31____ that we are hoping can become possible. It is going to be strange but I’m just going to have to ____32____ it.”
Speaking to ITV’s Good Morning Britain, he said: “My friend Rick was absolutely amazing. He ____33____ the outdoors, he enjoyed sports and we got along really well. The North Devon hospice just took brilliant care of him and I wanted to say thank you in the ____34____ way I could. So I started sleeping outside and I tried to raise as much money as I could for them.” Donations will go to North Devon hospice, which will make a ____35____ to the patients and families.
21. A. hotel B. house C. bedroom D. tent
22. A. raised B. donated C. saved D. earned
23. A. efficient B. ridiculous C. dangerous D. favourite
24. A. but B. because C. so D. unless
25. A. easier B. stronger C. tougher D. nicer
26. A. helpful B. meaningful C. terrible D. simple
27. A. brilliant B. committed C. reliable D. tricky
28. A. forced B. troubled C. commanded D. banned
29. A. Apparently B. Certainly C. Honestly D. Equally
30. A. sound B. regular C. voluntary D. occasional
31. A. adventures B. journeys C. applications D. generations
32. A. take over B. pass over C. get over D. engage in
33. A. respected B. recalled C. annoyed D. loved
34. A. biggest B. hardest C. earliest D. easiest
35. A. proposal B. contribution C. difference D. donation
2023学年第一学期期末调研测试卷
高二英语
第Ⅱ卷
注意事项：
第Ⅱ卷共2页，用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，答在试题卷上无效。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are a few ways Chinese restaurants are different from Western restaurants. In the West, everyone always gets their own menu ____36____ orders their own food. Since the tables are usually small, it is quite difficult to talk to or even see more than a few people during the meal. However, ____37____ modern China, usually everyone sits at large round tables where it is easy to see and talk with each other, even if it is ____38____ rather large group. When the food comes and is put in the middle of the table, everyone then serves ____39____ (them) by taking a small bit of food. Just as in the West, people can choose what they want to eat. But in the West, ____40____ (important) is placed on the individual and having one’s own preferences, while in China on sharing and community. Everyone still gets what they want, but it is a ____41____ (share) experience. Since people ____42____ (seat) at around table, everyone is treated equally. No one is given ____43____ (great) power over another. Nevertheless, respect is still shown to older people or people of higher status, as they always sit at the far end of the room ____44____ (face) the door.
China has many different styles of food, a wide range of ingredients and cooking methods. Therefore, when you are in China you should make an effort _____45_____ (enjoy) Chinese food as the Chinese do — as a group experience — a time for sharing, family, and friendship.
第四部分：写作(共两节;满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校将于下个月举办英语书写大赛，请你写一封电子邮件，邀请英国交换生Peter参赛，内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 介绍比赛安排；
3. 希望尽快回复。
注意：
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Charlie was very obedient to his parents and teachers, for which everyone loved him a lot. Due to his father’s job, his family moved to a new city, where he entered a new school. As Charlie was a good boy, soon most of his new classmates became his good friends. The teachers also praised this new boy, because of his intelligence and nice behavior to all.
But there was one boy in the class who did not like Charlie at all! His name was Bill and he was a very naughty boy, for which no one liked him at all. He found that Charlie was a quiet boy. So he started creating troubles for his new classmate. At the lunchtime, when Charlie was having lunch, Bill came up to him and asked, “Hey, what do you have for lunch ” “It’s cake and sweets,” Charlie replied with a smile.
“I love sweets and so I will eat this food today.” Bill said grudgingly. He snatched the lunch box from Charlie. The other boys sitting around were furious, but no one dared to protest due to fears of being bullied by Bill and his little gang.
From that day on, Bill regularly ate Charlie’s lunch and even threw away the water from his water bottle one day. But Charlie still kept quiet and did not complain to the teacher. Bill never did his homework and always forced the good boys of the class, including Charlie, to write it down on his copy for him! When Charlie’s parents learned about all these bullies of Bill, they wanted to come to the school and complain about this naughty boy. But Charlie stopped them and said, “Mom, Dad, please do not worry. Everything will be all right. After all, Bill is also a kid like me.”
The days went by and the time came for the annual sports at the school. Charlie was also good at sports and he participated in a number of events. Bill also participated in sack race (套袋赛跑), though he could not run very fast due to his fat body.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Seeing Charlie won first prize in 100 meters, Bill felt very bad and then made a decision.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Charlie then took Bill to the school doctor who tended his injured leg.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023学年第一学期期末调研测试卷
高二英语
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)，第Ⅰ卷1至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至10页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项：
1. 答第Ⅰ卷时，考生务必用2B铅笔按“正确涂写”要求涂写答题卡。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。
3. 考试结束，考生将答题卡交回。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s weather like now
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
2. When will the woman return
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Friday.
3. How many tests docs the woman have to take today
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a bookstore. B. At a library. C. At the man’s home.
5. How much will the man pay for the toys in total
A $10. B. $30. C. $40.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
所下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What kind of person is Mr. Smith
A. Humorous. B. Kind. C. Generous
7. What does the man learn from Mr. Smith
A. Maths. B. Historic stories. C. Jokes.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When will the plane take off
A. At 4:50. B. At 6:30. C. At 7:30.
9 How will the speakers go to the airport
A. By taxi. B. By underground. C. By bus.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student.
B. Interviewer and interviewee.
C. Colleagues.
11. What does the man think of Ms. White
A. Formal. B. Casual. C. Mean.
12. How often do the woman and Ms. White have a get-together
A. Every Friday. B. Twice a week. C. Once a month.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who are the two speakers
A. Boss and employee. B. Husband and wife. C. Parent and child.
14. What day is it today
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
15. What dessert will be served at the dinner party
A. Pie. B. Cookies. C. A cake
16. What will the man probably do next
A. Do some cleaning. B. Invite the guests. C. Decorate the house.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the talk mainly about
A. Exercise and health. B. Traffic and pollution. C. Life and work.
18. What are city planners trying to do
A. Keep out cars.
B. Add more buses.
C. Close shops in the city center.
19. What is the speaker’s attitude to the practice of city planners
A. Uncertain. B. Supportive. C. Opposed.
20. What can we do to make a difference according to the speaker
A. Make sensible decisions.
B. Spend money wisely.
C. Help people understand the problems.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
With a huge variety of animals, plants, and geological features, it’s no surprise the Rocky Mountains host many national parks in both the US and Canada. Here are a few of the national parks in the region dedicated to preserving the unique environments of the Rocky Mountains.
Rocky Mountain National Park
The first of the great national parks in the Rocky Mountains, this park includes 415 square miles of land across the Continental Divide. Because of its size, visitors can experience high mountain peaks, grassy valleys, hidden alpine lakes, and beautiful waterfalls. Rock climbers can scale a thousand feet up the sheer rock cliffs of Longs Peak, and there are many hiking trails.
Yellowstone National Park
Yellowstone is probably one of the most well-known national parks. President Ulyssess S. Grant designated Yellowstone as the very first national park in the United States on March 1, 1872. It is famous for its hot springs, boiling mud, fumaroles and geysers such as Old Faithful, which shoots boiling water more than 100 feet into the air. Yellowstone also has its own canyon and magnificent waterfall. Visitors can see bison, elk, wolves and grizzly bears.
Grand Teton National Park
Travelers can leave Yellowstone on a parkway that brings them right to Grand Teton National Park, just north of Jackson, Wyoming. Humans have lived in the area for more than 11,000 years, and traces of this history can be found throughout the park. Grand Teton has many opportunities for hiking, camping, boating, rock climbing, and viewing wildlife, as well as amazing views of the Grand Teton Mountain Range.
Banff National Park
Banff National Park is located near Calgary, in Alberta, Canada. Banff was Canada’s first national park, and is known for its mountain peaks, its hundreds of glaciers, and glacier-fed lakes such as Lake Louise. Banff has many hiking trails and campsites, and winter visitors snowshoe, ski, and skate.
1. Which of the following best suits winter sports lovers
A. Rocky Mountain National Park. B. Yellowstone National Park.
C. Grand Teton National Park. D. Banff National Park.
2. What can we learn from the passage
A. Rocky Mountain National Park has its own canyon.
B. Yellowstone National Park are famous for campsites.
C. Grand Teton National Park enjoys the longest history.
D. Banff National Park is the first national park in Canada.
3. Where is the passage most likely taken from
A. A science magazine. B. A travel brochure.
C. A geography textbook. D. A wildlife guidebook.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家公园以及旅游特色。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Banff has many hiking trails and campsites, and winter visitors snowshoe, ski, and skate.(班夫有许多徒步小径和露营地，冬季游客可以穿雪鞋、滑雪和滑冰)”可知，班夫国家公园最适合冬季运动爱好者。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Banff was Canada’s first national park, and is known for its mountain peaks, its hundreds of glaciers, and glacier-fed lakes such as Lake Louise.(班夫是加拿大的第一个国家公园，以其山峰、数百座冰川和路易斯湖等冰川湖泊而闻名)”可知，班夫国家公园是加拿大第一个国家公园。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“With a huge variety of animals, plants, and geological features, it’s no surprise the Rocky Mountains host many national parks in both the US and Canada. Here are a few of the national parks in the region dedicated to preserving the unique environments of the Rocky Mountains.(落基山脉拥有种类繁多的动物、植物和地质特征，因此在美国和加拿大拥有许多国家公园也就不足为奇了。这里有几个国家公园致力于保护落基山脉的独特环境)”以及最后一段“Banff has many hiking trails and campsites, and winter visitors snowshoe, ski, and skate.(班夫有许多徒步小径和露营地，冬季游客可以穿雪鞋、滑雪和滑冰)”可知，文章主要介绍了四个国家公园以及旅游特色。由此推知，文章做可能选自一本旅游手册。故选B。
B
In 1996, someone found some very old clothes in an old mine in Nevada, USA; they included a pair of dirty old jeans. Today, those jeans are very valuable, and they are now in the Levi Strauss Archival Collection, in San Francisco. The jeans, which are over 140 years old, are the oldest pair of Levi’s 501 jeans in the world.
They are almost the same as a modern pair of 501’s; there are just some small differences in the detail For instance, today’s 501’s have two back pockets, the old pair just has one.
In 1853, a young tailor from Germany, called Levi Strauss, began working in San Francisco; Levi sold thick canvas to miners; the miners used the canvas to make tents.
One day, a miner told Levi that he could not find trousers that were strong enough for work in the gold mines. Levi decided to make some trousers out of canvas.
Very soon, he had sold all the canvas trousers he’d made! They were just what miners wanted.
However, the canvas was rather heavy and stiff Levi therefore began to look for a different textile; soon he found a heavy textile from France; it was called serge de Nimes. Americans just called this de Nimes, and this name soon got reduced to denim.
Denim was a bit lighter than canvas but it was very strong: it was ideal for miners.
However, original denim was almost white, and miners did not like the color! Their denim trousers got dirty as soon as they began working!
Levi Strauss therefore decided to use colored denim, and he chose dark blue. In 1873, he began to make denim trousers with metal rivets to make them stronger. This was a radical new idea: “Blue jeans” had arrived!
Levi’s jeans were so popular, that his company got bigger and bigger, soon, other firms were making blue jeans too. Miners liked them, but so did cowboys and other working men. Blue jeans became classic American working trousers. After the Second World War, jeans became popular all over the world. Today, blue jeans are now the international uniform worn by young people.
4. Why did Levi start to make jeans at first
A. To start a business. B. To make use of canvas.
C. To make a difference. D. To meet the miners’ needs.
5. What do you know about “denim”
A. It was originally dark blue.
B. It was introduced from France.
C. It was thought little of by cowboys.
D. It was heavy and stiff compared to canvas.
6. Which of the following can best describe Levi
A. Diligent and honest. B. Innovative and devoted.
C. Noble and persistent. D. Generous and warm-hearted.
7. What is the passage mainly about
A. A creative tailor. B. A long-existing trend.
C. The origin of jeans. D. The famous brand of jeans.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是牛仔裤的由来。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“One day, a miner told Levi that he could not find trousers that were strong enough for work in the gold mines. Levi decided to make some trousers out of canvas.( 一天，一个矿工告诉Levi，他找不到在金矿工作时穿的结实的裤子。Levi决定用帆布做一些裤子。)”可知，有矿工告诉Levi他们找不到在金矿工作时结实的裤子，Levi决定用帆布做一些裤子，由此可知，Levi最初作牛仔裤是为了满足矿工的需要。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中的“However, the canvas was rather heavy and stiff Levi therefore began to look for a different textile; soon he found a heavy textile from France; it was called serge de Nimes. Americans just called this de Nimes, and this name soon got reduced to denim.(然而，帆布又重又硬，因此Levi开始寻找一种不同的纺织品；很快，他找到了一件来自法国的重纺织品；它叫serge de Nimes。美国人把它叫做de Nimes，这个名字很快就变成了denim。)”可知，denim是Levi寻找到的以一种纺织布，原来叫做serge de Nimes，使用来自于法国的重纺织品，叫做serge de Nimes，由此可知，denim是从法国引进的。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Levi Strauss therefore decided to use colored denim, and he chose dark blue. In 1873, he began to make denim trousers with metal rivets to make them stronger.(因此，Levi决定使用彩色牛仔布，他选择了深蓝色。1873年，他开始制作带有金属铆钉的牛仔裤，以使其更加坚固。)”可知，在了解到矿工不喜欢白色的牛仔布时，Levi开始选择使用深蓝色，为使牛仔裤坚固，开始制作带有金属铆钉的牛仔裤，由此可知，Levi是一个很有创新能力的人，根据第六段中的“However, the canvas was rather heavy and stiff Levi therefore began to look for a different textile; soon he found a heavy textile from France;(然而，帆布又重又硬，因此Levi开始寻找一种不同的纺织品；很快，他找到了一件来自法国的重纺织品)”可知，在发现帆布存在的问题后Levi开始寻找不同的纺织品，最后找到了来自于法国的重纺织品，由此可知，Levi是一个全心全意的人，由此可知，Levi是一个富有创新思想和全心全意的人。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段“In 1996, someone found some very old clothes in an old mine in Nevada, USA; they included a pair of dirty old jeans. Today, those jeans are very valuable, and they are now in the Levi Strauss Archival Collection, in San Francisco. The jeans, which are over 140 years old, are the oldest pair of Levi’s 501 jeans in the world.(1996年，有在美国内华达州的一个旧矿里发现了一些非常旧的衣服；其中包括一条又脏又旧的牛仔裤。今天，这些牛仔裤非常有价值，它们现在在旧金山的Levi档案收藏中。这条牛仔裤有140多年的历史，是世界上最古老的Levi 的501牛仔裤。)”可知，本段介绍1996年发现的一件牛仔裤是世界上最古老的牛仔裤，它是Levi的501牛仔裤，由此引出本文讲述的话题，结合下文中介绍的Levi制造牛仔裤的原因，选择牛仔裤的用料和以及颜色的改进可知，本文主要介绍的是牛仔裤的由来。故选C项。
C
The Amazon rainforest spreads across nine South American countries but most of it (60%) is in Brazil. Brazilian scientists think they might have found a way to reverse the damage caused by deforestation and turn farmland back into forest. The secret lies in ancient local knowledge of soil.
Amazonian dark earth (ADE) is a thick, black soil found deep in the Amazon rainforest, and it could help restore forests around the world. ADE is a kind of compost — a soil made from dead plants and animals. Various kinds of compost are sold in gardening centers around the world, but ADE is unique. It was created by indigenous people (the descendants of people who lived somewhere before another culture arrived and took over) from the Amazon between 2,000 and 2,500 years ago. The Amazonian people, today known as Amerindians, created ADE using charcoal from fires, animal bones, food waste and poo. It contains microbes, including bacteria that help to turn chemicals in the soil into useful nutrients that feed plants and trees.
Vast areas of the Amazon have been cut down, mostly to make way for grassland for raising cattle. Scientists are looking for a way to turn grassland back into rainforest and revive forest ecosystems. These support thousands of animal and plant species, many of them unique to the area. Forests also absorb lots of carbon dioxide, a gas that cause climate change.
To see if the Amazon’s special soil could help, the scientists grew grasses and trees in ADE, regular earth and a mixture of both. Trees grown in ADE were up to six times taller than those in regular soil. ADE takes hundreds of years to create, so the scientists can’t simply make more. Team member, Dr. Siu Mui Tsai, said that instead they want to try and “copy its characteristics”, especially its helpful microbes, and see if it could help to restore natural habitats.
8. What are Brazilian scientists trying to do
A. To bring forests back. B. To measure damage.
C. To reduce farmland. D. To dig out ancient soil.
9. What made the Amazonian dark earth special
A. Dead plants. B. Animal bones. C. Food waste. D. Bacteria inside.
10. What is the main idea of paragraph 3
A. The reasons for cutting down forests. B. The benefits of raising cattle.
C. The significance of forest ecosystems. D. The influence of climate change.
11. Which of the following might Dr. Siu agree with
A. Amazonian dark earth is helpful to microbes.
B. Amazonian dark earth is produced in large quantities.
C. Microbes are beneficial to the revival of forests.
D. Microbes are the characteristics of the natural habitats.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴西科学家发现当地亚马逊森林中的黑土可能可以帮助人们恢复森林生态系统，这种黑土富含有益的微生物，有助于土壤中成分的转化，帮助植物的生长，但这种黑土形成所需的时间较长，因此科学家只能通过复刻其特征来尝试恢复自然栖息地。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Brazilian scientists think they might have found a way to reverse the damage caused by deforestation and turn farmland back into forest. The secret lies in ancient local knowledge of soil. (巴西科学家认为，他们可能已经找到了一种方法，可以扭转森林砍伐造成的破坏，让农田重新变成森林。秘密在于当地古老的土壤知识)”可知，这些科学家在尝试恢复被破坏的森林。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Amazonian people, today known as Amerindians, created ADE using charcoal from fires, animal bones, food waste and poo. It contains microbes, including bacteria that help to turn chemicals in the soil into useful nutrients that feed plants and trees. (亚马逊人，今天被称为美洲印第安人，用木炭、动物骨头、食物垃圾和粪便创造了亚马逊黑土。它含有微生物，包括有助于将土壤中的化学物质转化为植物和树木所需的有用营养物质的细菌)”可知，亚马逊黑土的特别之处在于亚马逊人创造它的方法使它最终含有一些细菌，有利于土壤成分的转化。故选D项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Scientists are looking for a way to turn grassland back into rainforest and revive forest ecosystems. These support thousands of animal and plant species, many of them unique to the area. Forests also absorb lots of carbon dioxide, a gas that cause climate change. (科学家们正在寻找一种将草原变回雨林并恢复森林生态系统的方法。这些系统滋养成千上万的动植物物种，其中许多是该地区独有的。森林还会吸收大量二氧化碳，这是一种导致气候变化的气体)”可知，本段主要介绍恢复森林生态系统带来的好处，包括滋养特有的生物，以及吸收二氧化碳，即森林生态系统的重要性。故选C项。
11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Team member, Dr. Siu Mui Tsai, said that instead they want to try and “copy its characteristics”, especially its helpful microbes, and see if it could help to restore natural habitats. (团队成员Siu Mui Tsai博士说，相反，他们想尝试“复制它的特征”，尤其是它的有益微生物，看看它是否有助于恢复自然栖息地)”可知，他希望通过创造与亚马逊黑土类似的物质，尤其是其中的有益微生物，来恢复自然栖息地。由此推知，他会赞同“微生物对森林的恢复是有益的”的观点。故选C项。
D
Does it ever seem like something is going on with our attention spans Gloria Mark, an attention researcher at the university of California, says there is scientific evidence that attention spans have shrunk considerably. “We started studying attention span length over 20 years ago,” Mark said. “In 2003, we found that attention spans averaged about two-and-a-half minutes on any screen before people switched, In the past five, six years, they are averaging 47 seconds on the screen.”
Mark maintains that a shorter attention span has three downsides: The first is that people make more errors when they do attention shifting; second downside is that it takes longer to do something, because we have to adjust to every new task every time we shift; the third downside — maybe this is the worst of all — is that stress increases. When people are working on multiple tasks and they have to shift their attention, their blood pressure rises.
You don’t have to be a professor to guess at the cause of our great distract ability: It’s technology, of course-phones, social media, texting. It might be hard to think of the last time you even had a tech-free hour. So she offered a couple of tips for staying focused: First, when you feel the itch to change tasks, analyze why. If it’s just boredom or procrastination (拖延症), make a deal with yourself to work another 20 minutes, and then treat yourself to a reward.
Second, picture yourself at the end of the day. What do you want to have accomplished What do you want to feel “A concrete visualization of yourself sitting on the couch, you know, watching your favourite show is really good motivation,” she said.
The internet has this incredible resource available to us, so rather than be upset by it because it distracts us, how can we turn that around and instead find value from it And how can we utilize our time best when we use the resources from the Internet without getting exhausted from it These questions are what Gloria Mark will focus on in her subsequent research.
12. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. Negative effects of short attention spans. B. Benefits of long attention spans.
C. Causes of short attention spans. D. Ways to deal with short attention spans.
13. What does the underlined word in para. 3 probably mean
A. Necessity. B. Courage. C. Desire D. Choice
14. Which of the following may Gloria Mark suggest
A. Imagining what you will accomplish at the end of the day is a waste of time.
B. Multitasking is a good way to extend our attention span.
C. It is necessary to think twice before shifting your tasks.
D. We’d better say no to the internet sometimes as it distracts us.
15. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A. Are Our Attention Spans Getting Shorter B. How Do We Live with the Internet
C. Is Multitasking Possible D. What Can We Do to Make Our Attention Spans Longer
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有科学证据表明，注意力持续时间已经大幅缩短。文章说明了较短的注意力持续时间有三个缺点、注意力持续时间变短的原因以及我们如何应对的建议。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Mark maintains that a shorter attention span has three downsides: The first is that people make more errors when they do attention shifting; second downside is that it takes longer to do something, because we have to adjust to every new task every time we shift; the third downside — maybe this is the worst of all — is that stress increases. When people are working on multiple tasks and they have to shift their attention, their blood pressure rises.(马克认为，较短的注意力持续时间有三个缺点：首先，人们在注意力转移时犯了更多的错误；第二个缺点是，做某件事需要更长的时间，因为每次转换时，我们都必须适应每一项新任务；第三个缺点——也许是最糟糕的——是压力增加。当人们同时处理多项任务，不得不转移注意力时，他们的血压就会升高)”可知，第二段的主要内容是注意力持续时间短的负面影响。故选A。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“If it’s just boredom or procrastination (拖延症), make a deal with yourself to work another 20 minutes, and then treat yourself to a reward.(如果只是无聊或拖延，跟自己约定再工作20分钟，然后给自己一个奖励)”可知，马克建议当你渴望改变任务的时候，要分析一下原因，来让自己保持专注。故划线词意思是“渴望”。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“So she offered a couple of tips for staying focused: First, when you feel the itch to change tasks, analyze why. If it’s just boredom or procrastination (拖延症), make a deal with yourself to work another 20 minutes, and then treat yourself to a reward.(因此，她提供了一些保持专注的建议：首先，当你想要改变任务时，分析一下原因。如果只是无聊或拖延，跟自己约定再工作20分钟，然后给自己一个奖励)”可知，格洛丽亚·马克建议在改变你的任务之前，有必要三思而后行。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Does it ever seem like something is going on with our attention spans Gloria Mark, an attention researcher at the university of California, says there is scientific evidence that attention spans have shrunk considerably.(我们的注意力有没有出现过变化？加利福尼亚大学的注意力研究员Gloria Mark表示，有科学证据表明，注意力持续时间已经大幅缩短)”结合文章主要说明了有科学证据表明，注意力持续时间已经大幅缩短。文章说明了较短的注意力持续时间有三个缺点、注意力持续时间变短的原因以及我们如何应对的建议。由此可知，D选项“我们能做些什么来延长注意力的持续时间？”最符合文章标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you have mountains of homework and studying ahead, getting started can seem like an impossible task. ____16____ Read on to learn how to stop procrastinating (拖延) on studying, focus even when you’re tired, and get motivated to do your schoolwork!
Start with your easiest task to get the ball rolling. ____17____ When you really don’t feel like getting started, it’s better to set yourself up for a quick win. Try working from the shortest to the most time-intensive task, and work from easiest project to the hardest. Once you finish a small step or two, you’ll get an awesome sense of accomplishment that’ll make it easier to keep going!
____18____ Pick a few tasks you can accomplish in just one sitting. Divide your larger studying goals into small, concrete steps. Identify specific, achievable goals that you can work on one at a time. This way, you can make good progress, and achieving each goal will make you feel accomplished at the end of your study session.
Reward yourself when you complete a task. Treat yourself to help you stay motivated and make studying fun. If you’re in the middle of a study session, you can take a quick walk, eat a granola bar, or listen to a favorite song. ____19____
Work with your friends or a tutor. Positive peer pressure can be a great motivator! Unless working with others creates more of a distraction, find a study buddy or group you can collaborate with. ____20____ If group studying doesn’t work for you, find a tutor who can help you work through your assignments.
A. Break down your work into smaller pieces.
B. Set goals together, and check-in along the way.
C. Make things less stressful by starting with just a small task.
D. Try a fresh approach to your studies if you’re sick of reading and writing.
E. We’ll teach you how to get into the right frame of mind before you start studying.
F. If you’ve finished your study session, feel free to wind down by playing a video game.
G. If you’re to attend a college, each small study meeting will get you closer to your dream.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何成功完成作业的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“When you have mountains of homework and studying ahead, getting started can seem like an impossible task.(当你有堆积如山的作业和学习时，开始似乎是一项不可能完成的任务)”以及后文“Read on to learn how to stop procrastinating (拖延) on studying, focus even when you’re tired, and get motivated to do your schoolwork!(继续往下读，学习如何在学习上不再拖延，即使累了也要集中精力，并且有动力去做功课！)”可知，后文主要介绍了如何完成作业，集中精力有动力去做功课，故E选项“我们会教你如何在开始学习之前进入正确的心态”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Start with your easiest task to get the ball rolling.(从你最简单的任务开始)”以及后文“When you really don’t feel like getting started, it’s better to set yourself up for a quick win. Try working from the shortest to the most time-intensive task, and work from easiest project to the hardest. Once you finish a small step or two, you’ll get an awesome sense of accomplishment that’ll make it easier to keep going!(当你真的不想开始的时候，最好让自己做好快速获胜的准备。试着从最短的任务到最耗时的任务，从最简单的项目到最难的项目。一旦你完成了一两小步，你就会有一种很棒的成就感，这会让你更容易继续前进！)”可知，本段的建议是从最简单的任何开始，从最短的任务到最耗时的任务，且提到了完成了一两小步。由此可知，此处在建议把任务分成小任务去完成，并说明这么做的原因。故C选项“从一个小任务开始，减轻压力”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据本段内容“Pick a few tasks you can accomplish in just one sitting. Divide your larger studying goals into small, concrete steps. Identify specific, achievable goals that you can work on one at a time. This way, you can make good progress, and achieving each goal will make you feel accomplished at the end of your study session.(挑选一些你可以一次完成的任务。把大的学习目标分成小的、具体的步骤。确定具体的，可实现的目标，你可以一次完成一个。这样，你可以取得很好的进步，实现每个目标会让你在学习结束时感到很有成就感)”可知，本段的建议是把大的学习目标分成小的、具体的步骤，故A选项“把你的工作分成更小的部分”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Reward yourself when you complete a task. Treat yourself to help you stay motivated and make studying fun. If you’re in the middle of a study session, you can take a quick walk, eat a granola bar, or listen to a favorite song.(完成任务后奖励自己。善待自己，让自己保持动力，让学习变得有趣。如果你正在学习，你可以散个步，吃个格兰诺拉麦片，或者听一首喜欢的歌)”可知，本段建议完成任何后奖励自己，本句为本段最后一句，故与上文并列，都是就如何奖励自己进行举例。故F选项“如果你已经完成了学习，可以打个电子游戏放松一下”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Work with your friends or a tutor. Positive peer pressure can be a great motivator! Unless working with others creates more of a distraction, find a study buddy or group you can collaborate with.(和你的朋友或家庭教师一起学习。积极的同伴压力是一个很好的动力！除非和别人一起学习会让你分心，否则找一个可以合作的学习伙伴或小组)”可知，本句承接上文具体说明如何和学习伙伴或小组一起学习，故B选项“共同设定目标，并在此过程中进行检查”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Most 13-year-olds might have spent those three years preoccupied with schoolwork or hanging out with mates. One teenager, however, spent his nights sleeping in a ____21____ to raise money for the hospice (安养院) that looked after his friend. Now, Max Woosey has decided to go back indoors after three years and his years-long fundraising campaign has ____22____ more than 700,000 in charitable donations.
“I love camping, it’s one of my ____23____ things and I’m definitely going to miss it,” he said. “I think the highlight would have to be the second camp out, ____24____ that year was the hardest.” “The first year was quite nice but the second was ____25____ and there were worse storms. It was really ____26____ for me because all my friends and family were there.” He said that although the wind and rain proved to be ____27____ adversaries (对手), it was last summer’s heatwave that almost ____28____ him to return to the comforts of his bedroom. “____29____, it was horrible, and when there’s a heatwave your tent turns into a greenhouse. It was absolutely boiling,” he said. On the prospect of sleeping inside on a ____30____ basis again, he said: “I think it’s going to be weird (怪异的) the first few nights but I think it is time to come inside now. There are future ____31____ that we are hoping can become possible. It is going to be strange but I’m just going to have to ____32____ it.”
Speaking to ITV’s Good Morning Britain, he said: “My friend Rick was absolutely amazing. He ____33____ the outdoors, he enjoyed sports and we got along really well. The North Devon hospice just took brilliant care of him and I wanted to say thank you in the ____34____ way I could. So I started sleeping outside and I tried to raise as much money as I could for them.” Donations will go to North Devon hospice, which will make a ____35____ to the patients and families.
21. A. hotel B. house C. bedroom D. tent
22. A. raised B. donated C. saved D. earned
23 A. efficient B. ridiculous C. dangerous D. favourite
24. A. but B. because C. so D. unless
25. A. easier B. stronger C. tougher D. nicer
26. A. helpful B. meaningful C. terrible D. simple
27. A. brilliant B. committed C. reliable D. tricky
28. A. forced B. troubled C. commanded D. banned
29. A. Apparently B. Certainly C. Honestly D. Equally
30. A. sound B. regular C. voluntary D. occasional
31. A. adventures B. journeys C. applications D. generations
32. A. take over B. pass over C. get over D. engage in
33. A. respected B. recalled C. annoyed D. loved
34. A. biggest B. hardest C. earliest D. easiest
35. A. proposal B. contribution C. difference D. donation
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述13岁少年Max Woosey通过在野外露营来进行慈善筹款的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个少年为了给照顾他朋友的临终关怀医院筹集善款，在帐篷里过夜。A. hotel宾馆；B. house房子；C. bedroom卧室；D. tent帐篷。根据后文“Now, Max Woosey has decided to go back indoors”以及“I love camping”可知，一个少年为了给照顾他朋友的临终关怀医院筹集善款，在帐篷里过夜。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，马克斯·伍西决定在三年后回到室内，他长达数年的筹款活动已经筹集了超过70万英镑的慈善捐款。A. raised筹集；B. donated捐赠；C. saved挽救；D. earned赚得。呼应上文“to raise money for the hospice”指他为收容所筹集资金，已经筹集了超过70万英镑的慈善捐款。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我喜欢露营，这是我最喜欢的事情之一，我肯定会想念它，”他说。A. efficient有效的；B. ridiculous可笑的；C. dangerous危险的；D. favourite最爱的。根据上文“I love camping”可知，露营是他最喜欢的事情。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：“我认为最精彩的部分应该是第二个夏令营，因为那一年是最艰难的一年。”A. but但是；B. because因为；C. so所以；D. unless除非。分析可知设空处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“第一年很好，但第二年更艰难，还有更严重的风暴。”A. easier更容易的；B. stronger更强的；C. tougher更难的；D. nicer更好的。根据上文“that year was the hardest”可知，第二年更为艰难。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说真的很有意义，因为我所有的朋友和家人都在那里。A. helpful有帮助的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. simple简单的。根据后文“for me because all my friends and family were there”可知，朋友和家人都支持他，即这是有意义的事情。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，虽然事实证明风和雨是棘手的对手，但去年夏天的热浪几乎迫使他回到舒适的卧室。A. brilliant出色的；B. committed忠诚的；C. reliable可靠的；D. tricky棘手的。根据上文“the wind and rain proved to be”可知，风雨对于露营来说很棘手。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，虽然事实证明风和雨是棘手的对手，但去年夏天的热浪几乎迫使他回到舒适的卧室。A. forced迫使；B. troubled麻烦；C. commanded命令；D. banned禁止。根据上文“it was last summer’s heatwave”指夏天的热浪迫使他回到卧室。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“老实说，这太可怕了，当有热浪时，你的帐篷就变成了温室。简直沸腾了，”他说。A. Apparently显然；B. Certainly当然；C. Honestly诚实地；D. Equally平等地。后文“it was horrible, and when there’s a heatwave your tent turns into a greenhouse. It was absolutely boiling (这太可怕了，当有热浪时，你的帐篷就变成了温室。简直沸腾了)”是他在诚实地说明自己的感受，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在谈到再次定期睡在室内可能性时，他说：“我想头几个晚上会很奇怪，但我想现在是时候回到室内了。A. sound无损伤的；B. regular定期的；C. voluntary志愿的；D. occasional偶尔的。根据上文“On the prospect of sleeping inside on a”可知，他如今回到了室内，所以是再次定期睡在室内。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们希望未来的冒险能够成为可能。”A. adventures冒险；B. journeys旅程；C. applications应用；D. generations世代。后文“It is going to be strange”提到了会感觉奇怪，所以是未来的冒险，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“这将会很奇怪，但我必须克服它。”A. take over接管；B. pass over忽略；C. get over克服；D. engage in参与。根据上文“It is going to be strange but I’m just going to have to”中but表示转折，说明虽然奇怪，但必须克服。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢户外活动，喜欢运动，我们相处得很好。A. respected尊重；B. recalled回想起；C. annoyed恼怒；D. loved爱。根据后文“the outdoors, he enjoyed sports and we got along really well”可知，他喜欢户外活动，喜欢运动，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：北德文郡临终关怀医院对他的照顾非常周到，我想对你们说声最诚挚的感谢。A. biggest最大的；B. hardest最难的；C. earliest最早的；D. easiest最容易的。根据上文“I wanted to say thank you in the”此处指表达最诚挚的感谢，短语为thank you in the biggest way。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：捐款将捐给北德文郡临终关怀医院，这将对病人和家属产生影响。A. proposal提议；B. contribution贡献；C. difference差异；D. donation捐赠。根据后文“to the patients and families”指这笔捐款将对病人和家属产生影响，短语make a difference表示“产生影响”。故选C。
2023学年第一学期期末调研测试卷
高二英语
第Ⅱ卷
注意事项：
第Ⅱ卷共2页，用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，答在试题卷上无效。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are a few ways Chinese restaurants are different from Western restaurants. In the West, everyone always gets their own menu ____36____ orders their own food. Since the tables are usually small, it is quite difficult to talk to or even see more than a few people during the meal. However, ____37____ modern China, usually everyone sits at large round tables where it is easy to see and talk with each other, even if it is ____38____ rather large group. When the food comes and is put in the middle of the table, everyone then serves ____39____ (them) by taking a small bit of food. Just as in the West, people can choose what they want to eat. But in the West, ____40____ (important) is placed on the individual and having one’s own preferences, while in China on sharing and community. Everyone still gets what they want, but it is a ____41____ (share) experience. Since people ____42____ (seat) at around table, everyone is treated equally. No one is given ____43____ (great) power over another. Nevertheless, respect is still shown to older people or people of higher status, as they always sit at the far end of the room ____44____ (face) the door.
China has many different styles of food, a wide range of ingredients and cooking methods. Therefore, when you are in China you should make an effort _____45_____ (enjoy) Chinese food as the Chinese do — as a group experience — a time for sharing, family, and friendship.
【答案】36. and
37. in 38. a
39. themselves
40. importance
41. shared 42. are seated
43. greater
44. facing 45. to enjoy
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在中餐馆与西餐厅用餐的不同之处。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：在西方，每个人都有自己的菜单，自己点食物。分析句子可知，空处连接前后两个谓语成分gets their own menu和orders their own food，两者之间是顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，在现代中国，通常每个人都坐在大圆桌旁，这样很容易看到彼此并交谈，即使是一个相当大的群体。分析句子可知，空处和空后的modern China构成句子的状语，根据上文“In the West”可知，此处是进行比较，指“在现代中国”，应用介词in。故填in。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：然而，在现代中国，通常每个人都坐在大圆桌旁，这样很容易看到彼此并交谈，即使是一个相当大的群体。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指“一个相当大的群体”，应用不定冠词，且rather的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
【39题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：当食物端上来并放在桌子中间时，每个人都拿起一小块食物供自己食用。分析句子可知，serves这一动作的实施者和承受者为同一人，空处应用them的反身代词形式themselves，意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：但在西方，重要的是个人和有自己的喜好，而在中国，是分享和团体。分析句子可知，空处作句子的主语，important的名词形式importance“重要性”符合题意，为不可数名词，固定短语place importance on表示“重视”。故填importance。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都能得到他们想要的，但这是一种共享的体验。分析句子可知，空处是修饰experience的定语，是非谓语动词，share“分享”和experience逻辑上是被动关系，侧重事物的特性，应用share的过去分词形式。故填shared。
【42题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：由于人们围坐在桌子旁，每个人都被平等对待。分析句子可知，空处作从句的谓语，此处在描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，seat“使就座”和主语people之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are seated。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：没有人被赋予比别人更大的权力。根据“power over another”可推知，此处表示比较的概念，指被赋予比别人“更大的”权力，空处应用great的比较级形式。故填greater。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管如此，人们还是会对年长的人或地位较高的人表示尊重，因为他们总是坐在房间中面朝门的一端。分析句子可知，空处作end的后置定语，是非谓语动词，face“面朝”和end逻辑上是主动关系，且此处侧重状态，应用face的现在分词形式。故填facing。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，当你在中国时，你应该努力像中国人一样享受中国菜——作为一种集体体验——一种分享、家庭和友谊的时刻。根据“make an effort”可知，此处用固定短语make an effort to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，空处应用enjoy的不定式形式。故填to enjoy。
第四部分：写作(共两节;满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校将于下个月举办英语书写大赛，请你写一封电子邮件，邀请英国交换生Peter参赛，内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 介绍比赛安排；
3. 希望尽快回复。
注意：
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I hope this email finds you well. I'm writing to extend a warm invitation for you to participate in our upcoming English Essay Writing Competition, which will take place next month at our school.
The theme for this competition is “The Power of Words” and essays should be limited to 500 words. The competition will take place on the 20th of next month and the winner will be awarded a cash prize of $500.
We would be delighted if you could confirm your participation by the end of this week.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生假定是李华，你校将于下个月举办英语书写大赛，请你写一封电子邮件，邀请英国交换生Peter参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：extend→express
比赛：competition→contest
高兴：delighted→glad
参加：participate in→take part in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The theme for this competition is “The Power of Words” and essays should be limited to 500 words.
拓展句：The theme for this competition is “The Power of Words”, where essays should be limited to 500 words.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I'm writing to extend a warm invitation for you to participate in our upcoming English Essay Writing Competition, which will take place next month at our school. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] We would be delighted if you could confirm your participation by the end of this week. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Charlie was very obedient to his parents and teachers, for which everyone loved him a lot. Due to his father’s job, his family moved to a new city, where he entered a new school. As Charlie was a good boy, soon most of his new classmates became his good friends. The teachers also praised this new boy, because of his intelligence and nice behavior to all.
But there was one boy in the class who did not like Charlie at all! His name was Bill and he was a very naughty boy, for which no one liked him at all. He found that Charlie was a quiet boy. So he started creating troubles for his new classmate. At the lunchtime, when Charlie was having lunch, Bill came up to him and asked, “Hey, what do you have for lunch ” “It’s cake and sweets,” Charlie replied with a smile.
“I love sweets and so I will eat this food today.” Bill said grudgingly. He snatched the lunch box from Charlie. The other boys sitting around were furious, but no one dared to protest due to fears of being bullied by Bill and his little gang.
From that day on, Bill regularly ate Charlie’s lunch and even threw away the water from his water bottle one day. But Charlie still kept quiet and did not complain to the teacher. Bill never did his homework and always forced the good boys of the class, including Charlie, to write it down on his copy for him! When Charlie’s parents learned about all these bullies of Bill, they wanted to come to the school and complain about this naughty boy. But Charlie stopped them and said, “Mom, Dad, please do not worry. Everything will be all right. After all, Bill is also a kid like me.”
The days went by and the time came for the annual sports at the school. Charlie was also good at sports and he participated in a number of events. Bill also participated in sack race (套袋赛跑), though he could not run very fast due to his fat body.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Seeing Charlie won first prize in 100 meters, Bill felt very bad and then made a decision.
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Charlie then took Bill to the school doctor who tended his injured leg.
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【答案】范文
Seeing Charlie won first prize in 100 meters, Bill felt very bad and then made a decision. Soon it was the time for the sank race. Bill showed up on the track early, thinking he would spare no effort in this game to beat Charlie. When the race began, Bill glanced at Charlie next to him and said ,“I will beat you definitely.” Then Bill jumped forward with all his strength at his first attempt. Slowly Charlie was left behind, but suddenly Bill tripped and fell onto the ground. When Charlie came to him, he found Bill’s ankle was bleeding and he couldn’t get up.
Charlie then took Bill to the school doctor who tended his injured leg. Charlie didn’t go back and gave up the race at last. Looking at Charlie, Bill lowered his head full of shame. After a while, he opened his mouth and said sincerely, “I’m sorry. I know I was wrong and beg for your forgiveness.” Charlie responded immediately with a smile, “from today on we will be friends forever.” So since that day Bill has changed completely.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Bill作为学校的一个坏孩子，对Charlie进行各种欺凌，但是Charlie都没有放在心上，同时还阻止了自己的家长去找Bill算账。
【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“看到查理在100米比赛中获得第一名，比尔感到很难过，然后做出了一个决定。”可知，第一段可描写在套袋比赛中，比尔用尽全力去比赛，想要超过查理。
②由第二段首句内容“然后查理带比尔去看校医，为他治疗受伤的腿。”可知，第二段可描写，在医务室里比尔反思了自己的错误，请求查理原谅，然后两人成为朋友。
2.续写线索：一起比赛——竞争——受伤——帮助——原谅——友谊
3.词汇激活
行为类
①竭尽全力：try one's best/use all his strength/exert all his energies
②受伤：hutt his ankle/trip himself
③站起来：get up/stand up
情绪类
①羞愧：full of shame/ashamed/blushed
②放弃：give up/quit
【点睛】[高分句型1]Bill showed up on the track early, thinking he would spare no effort in this game to beat Charlie.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2] I know I was wrong and beg for your forgiveness.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
