(共68张PPT)
教材知识讲练
必修第一册
Unit 6 At one with nature
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2021·天津卷)In particular, I threw myself into the world of musicals．
2．(心理描写)(2020·浙江卷)Heart in mouth, I reached the fence and looked over．
3．(景物描写)(2022·全国乙卷)When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day．How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)David had a brain disease which __________(prevent) him from walking or running like other children．
2．(2022·全国乙卷) In spring，the snow _____________(replace)by mud over ice．
3．(2022·浙江1月卷)As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the California coast, away from her parents，where she enjoyed a life of _______(sail) and off-road biking．
prevented
was replaced
sailing
核
心
单
词
检
测 4．(2021·全国乙卷)Many _______(expert) have given talks here that have focused on the medical care, and the development of public services for senior citizens．
5．(2021·浙江卷)Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing．com, a social network that has grown to 575，217 registered users in 214 countries and _______(region) since he started it 10 years ago．
experts
regions
派生单词检测 1．Some bacteria are _______ while others are ________ to humans．(harm)
2．Many accidents are ___________ so we must pay attention to the __________ of them．(prevent)
3．As an _______________，he focuses on the country's ____________ production．(agriculture)
4．She is a _________ woman and sings ___________．(beauty)
5．He is a famous _________ and has his own __________ house．(publish)
harmful
harmless
preventable
prevention
agriculturalist
agricultural
beautiful
beautifully
publisher
publishing
高频短语检测 pass down，prevent...from...，in harmony with，lead to, at one with, reflect on
1．Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live ________________nature．
2．You should set aside some time to __________ your successes and failures．
3．Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals，if not handled properly，may _______ spreading diseases．
in harmony with
reflect on
lead to
高频短语检测 4．Solving these problems，which _______ us ____ making progress in study，involves students communicating with teachers and parents．
5．The special knowledge is ___________ through families，which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods to maintain the terraces．
prevent
from
passed down
重点句式检测 1．我们的城市在过去的十年里发生了巨大变化。(无生命名词作主语；see)
___________________________________ in our city．
2．这个男孩想再要50美分买冰激凌。(介词＋关系代词＋to do)
The boy wants another fifty cents _________________________．
3．有些人浪费粮食，而有些人经常挨饿。(while)
Some people waste food ____________________________．
The last ten years has seen great changes
with which to buy ice cream
while others often go hungry
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 prevent v．阻挡，防止
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ) The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them________(feel) lonely．
②(2020·天津卷)It prevents people who are cut off from society _______(fall) victim to cheaters．
feeling
falling
完美写作——一句多译
该是我们采取措施来阻止全球变暖的时候了。
③It is high time for us _________________________________________________________________．
④It is high time that ___________________________________________________________________．
to take measures to prevent/keep/stop the earth
from getting warm
we should take/took measures to prevent / keep/stop
the earth from getting warm
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?prevent/stop...(from) doing sth．＝keep...from doing sth．阻止某人做某事
?prevention n．预防，防止
语料输入——必备素材
?prevent the spread of this disease 防止这种疾病的蔓延
?the way to prevent this from happening防止此事发生的方法
[名师点津] (1)在主动语态中，stop/prevent...后的from可省略；而keep...后的from不可省略。
(2)在被动语态中，这三词后的from不可省略。
2 design [课本义] v．设计 [增补义] v．构思；计划 n．设计；设计方案
练中回想——语法填空
①This course is specially designed ___ beginners like you, focusing on listening and speaking practice．
②She arrived just as we were leaving, but whether this was by accident or __ design I'm not sure．
for
by
完美写作——完成句子/句式升级
③The project ____________________(旨在帮助) the students in need．The project didn't work out as planned．
④The project，____________________________________，didn't work out as planned．(分词短语作后置定语)
was designed to help
designed to help the students in need
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?design...for...为……而设计……
?be designed for/to do...目的是……
?by design＝on purpose 故意地
?designer n．设计者
语料输入——必备素材
?be extended to design for the carrier rocket and other kinds of missiles可推广到其他类型导弹和运载火箭的系统设计中
?several designs for the new bridge 新桥的几种不同的设计方案
3 harm [课本义]v．伤害，损害[增补义] n．危害；伤害
练中回想——语法填空
①The plant, ______(harm) by too much direct sunlight, has no chance of survival．
②He may not be able to help but there's no harm in ______ (ask) him．
harmed
asking
完美写作——一句多译
有些学生沉迷于玩电脑游戏，这对他们的健康非常有害。
③Some students are addicted to playing computer games, _____________________________________．(定语从句；harmful)
④Some students are addicted to playing computer games, ________________________________________．(v．-ing形式短语作状语；harm)
which is very
harmful to their health
causing/doing
great harm to their health
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?There is no harm in doing...做……无害处
?harmful adj．有害的，导致损害的
?be harmful to sb．/sth．对某人/某物有害
?harmless adj．无害的
语料输入——必备素材
?harm your eyes by reading in a poor light 在微弱的灯光下看书会伤害你的眼睛
?do great harm to you 对你危害很大
?be harmful to people 对人们有危害
4 replace [课本义]v．以……替换，更换 [增补义]v．把……放回原处
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·全国乙卷)We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee ___________ (replace) operation．
②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Nervousness and fear were replaced _______ joy．
replacement
with/by
完美写作——词汇升级
Our monitor will replace our head teacher to attend the commendatory meeting．
③Our monitor will _________________ our head teacher to attend the commendatory meeting．
④Our monitor will attend the commendatory meeting ___________ our head teacher．
take the place of
in place of
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?replace...with/by...用……替换……，以……接替……
?take the place of sb．/take one's place 代替某人
?in place of sb．/in one's place代替某人
?replacement n．替换；替换的人(物)
语料输入——必备素材
?replace all the furniture damaged in the flood 更换在洪水中损坏的所有家具
?replace the china plate on the shelf 把陶瓷茶盘放回到架子上
5 benefit [课本义] n．好处，益处[增补义] v．有利于，对……有益
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·全国乙卷)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot ____ doing some housework．
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us ___________(benefit) Vitamin D．
from
beneficial
完美写作——一句多译
我们将会从读英语名著中受益良多，所以我们现在就开始吧。
③Reading English classics ________________________，so let's begin right now．(beneficial adj．)
④Reading English classics ___________________________，so let's begin right now．(benefit n．)
is very beneficial to us
is of great benefit to us
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?benefit from/by...从……中受益；得益于……
?for the benefit of...为了……的利益
?beneficial adj．有利的；有帮助的
?be of great benefit to...＝be very beneficial to...对……非常有益 (to为介词)
语料输入——必备素材
?benefit a great deal from reading 从读书中受益良多
?be of great benefit to us all 对我们大家都会大有好处
?be beneficial to your recovery from illness 有益于你从疾病中康复
6 provide...for...给……提供……
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection ____all the species...
②(2020·江苏卷)This well-made film provides foreign audiences ____ a fresh way of better knowing China's past and present．
for
with
完美写作——同义替换
③I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me．
→I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, ________________________ my dad went with me．
provided/providing(that)
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?provide sb．with sth．＝provide sth．for sb．提供给某人某物
?provide for 为……做好准备；使有据可依
?provided (that)＝providing (that) 倘若，在……情况/条件下
语料输入——必备素材
provide me with a good chance to show my talent 为我提供了一个展示自己才华的好机会
[名师点津] 表示“向某人提供某物”的短语还有：offer sb．sth．＝offer sth．to sb．；supply sb．with sth．＝supply sth．to sb．
7 [教材原句]And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them．
虽然许多英国人认为锄草是周日最棒的活动，但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。
练中回想——语法填空
①Nothing is _____________(valuable)than time，but nothing is less valued．
more valuable
完美写作——完成句子记叙文佳句
②When talking with the elderly, you ____________________________ (再礼貌也不为过)．
③(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)_______________________________________________________________________________(没有什么比参加5公里越野比赛更有意义的了)，which benefits us physically and mentally．
can't be too polite/polite enough
Nothing is more rewarding than taking part in
the five-kilometer cross-country running race
练后归纳——句法分析
?“否定词＋比较级”意为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。该结构表最高级含义。
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the grassland, staring at the night sky．
没有什么比我躺在草地仰望着夜空更惬意的了。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．The programme is designed _______ (help) people who have been out of work for a long time．
2．(2021·全国乙卷)Staring at the screen is _______(harm) to our eyes．Worse still, we don't have many opportunities to interact with our teachers and classmates．
to help
harmful
3．They have possibly recognized the possibility and it's possible for them to take steps to prevent it _________(happen)．
4．I really enjoyed myself during my visit to Miami．I've never had a _____________(pleasant) one before．
5．Researchers at the University of Liverpool found the writing of Shakespeare, Wordsworth and the like has a __________(benefit) effect on our mind．
happening
more pleasant
beneficial
6．There is a growing awareness that the __________(prevent) of environmental pollution is extremely important．
prevention
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．They are unlikely to extract much benefit ____ the trip．
2．(2021·浙江卷) Most of the students think highly of this exhibition, which provides a platform ___ them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art．
3．The boy broke all the glasses __ design；he certainly deserved to be punished．
4．It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced _______ a modern hotel or not．
from
for
by
with/by
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Language researchers say pronunciation and fluency are the biggest ________(barrier) followed by grammar in effective spoken English．
2．(2019·江苏卷)Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of _______(limit) resources．
barriers
limited
3．Take more exercise and have enough sleep, and you will feel relaxed and__________ (energy)．
4．Our school football team ________(narrow) beat theirs by 1 points to 0．
energetic
narrowly
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Traditional Chinese virtues should be passed ____ from generation to generation．
2．This place is home __ 9，000 plant species, a third of which are found nowhere else．
3．What shocked us was that his action led __ our team narrowly winning the match．
4．Living __ harmony with others is very important．
down
to
to
in
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)Then you have to go in person to one of our branches and talk to a clerk there．_
A．树枝 B．分支机构；分店
C．支流
B
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their permission．_
A．宏伟的；壮丽的 B．极好的；出色的
C．快乐的
3．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper．_
A．(纸)张 B．(冰或水等的)一大片
C．薄片，薄板
B
A
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children，but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid．
化繁为简本句为but连接的____复合句。第一个分句中which prevented...children为____从句，修饰_______________。
[尝试翻译]大卫患有一种脑部疾病，这种疾病使他不能像其他孩子那样走路或跑步，但在学校，他的同班同学把他当作一个正常的小孩儿。
并列
定语
a brain disease
2．(2021·全国甲卷)A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender (性别) are “really, really smart．”
化繁为简本句是复合句，两个that引导的都是____从句。published by Science为过去分词短语，在句中作____。
[尝试翻译]《科学》杂志近期发表的一项研究表明，六岁时，与男孩相比，女孩更不可能称赞同性别成员“非常非常聪明。”
宾语
定语
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
A natural disaster is a major 1．_______ (harm) event resulting from natural process of the Earth．Earthquakes, typhoons, floods, hurricanes and other extreme climates have led 2．__ a lot of deaths around the world．On the one hand, natural disasters always bring great sadness to people，but on the other hand，natural disasters make people fully aware of the mistakes of themselves and begin to rethink 3．____ they have done．
harmful
to
what
Take the typhoon which hit Japan as an example．This Super Typhoon visited Japan，causing plenty of deaths, more than 600 injuries and losses worth countless dollars．Bridges and roads 4．___________(wash) away, and houses and buildings were damaged, leaving many people homeless．Although the government of Japan had taken some measures，the typhoon did bring much trouble to people there．
were washed
As students，what can we do to prevent natural disasters 5．_________(happen) and reduce the loss to the minimum？First of all, measures must be taken to raise the public's environmental awareness．We can hand out booklets specially 6．________(design) for the public or hold photo exhibitions of natural disasters．Secondly, in view of our 7．_______(limit) knowledge，it's very practical and
happening
designed
limited
helpful to have more knowledge about natural disasters．8．______(have) some basic first-aid knowledge and survival skills, which will be 9．__________ (benefit) to us all, is also essential．Last but not least，we hope the government should pay more attention to forecasting technology．I am convinced that if everyone does his best, we can live in harmony 10．____ nature．
Having
beneficial
with
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
近几年来，发展低碳经济一直是一个热门话题。最近，你班就这一话题进行了讨论。请你写一篇报道向你校网站投稿，内容包括：
1．实施低碳经济的必要性；
2．同学们的建议；
3．你的看法。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
In recent years，carrying out a low-carbon economy has been a hot topic．Recently our class had a heated discussion about it．
Through the discussion，we are fully aware of the necessity of carrying out a low-carbon economy in our country and my classmates put forward the following suggestions．First，we should prevent people from cutting down trees arbitrarily．Second，we should replace private cars with public transportation as much as possible．Third, many things that people throw away should be recycled and reused．
In a word, everyone should do his part to live a low-carbon life and live in harmony with nature．
情感描写之“感激”与“感动”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
单词 thank，thankful, grateful，gratefully，move，moving, moved，touch，touching，touched，gratitude, appreciation，appreciate
短语 ①shed tears of gratitude 流下感激的泪水
②be moved to tears 感动得落泪
③have a deep gratitude towards...对……深怀感激
④with gratitude/appreciation 感激地
⑤owe sb．a lot/a great deal 非常感激某人
⑥be deeply moved/touched by ...被……深深感动
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表示“感激”与“感动”的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①彼得差点撞上一辆路过的汽车，这时一位过路人把他推到了安全的地方。
Peter _____________________________________ a passer-by pushed him to safety．
②他眼里含着感激的泪水，哽咽着感谢这个过路人，“太感谢你了！”
___________________________________________________，he thanked the passer-by with a lump in his throat, “Thank you so much！” (with复合结构)
was nearly knocking into a passing car when
With grateful tears/tears of gratitude welling up in his eyes
③路人只是温和地笑了笑。彼得在寒冷的天气里，感到一阵暖意，他开始相信处处有善良的人。
The passer-by just smiled warmly．_________________________________________________，he began to believe there were kindhearted people in every corner．(无生命名词作主语)
④看到陌生人之间这般彼此关照，实在令人感动。
___________________________________how much strangers could care for each other．(形式主语)
A feeling of warmth swept over Peter
on the cold day
It was very moving/touching to see
⑤知道事情的经过后，彼得的母亲流下喜悦和感激的泪水。
Knowing what had happened, Peter's mother________________________________．
shed tears of joy and
gratitude续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2021·天津卷)In particular, I threw myself into the world of musicals． 2．(心理描写)(2020·浙江卷)Heart in mouth, I reached the fence and looked over． 3．(景物描写)(2022·全国乙卷)When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them． (2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day．How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed．
核心单词检测 1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)David had a brain disease which prevented (prevent) him from walking or running like other children． 2．(2022·全国乙卷) In spring，the snow was replaced (replace)by mud over ice． 3．(2022·浙江1月卷)As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the California coast, away from her parents，where she enjoyed a life of sailing(sail) and off-road biking． 4．(2021·全国乙卷)Many experts(expert) have given talks here that have focused on the medical care, and the development of public services for senior citizens． 5．(2021·浙江卷)Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing．com, a social network that has grown to 575，217 registered users in 214 countries and regions(region) since he started it 10 years ago．
派生单词检测 1．Some bacteria are harmful while others are harmless to humans．(harm) 2．Many accidents are preventable so we must pay attention to the prevention of them．(prevent) 3．As an agriculturalist，he focuses on the country's agricultural production．(agriculture) 4．She is a beautiful woman and sings beautifully．(beauty) 5．He is a famous publisher and has his own publishing house．(publish)
高频短语检测 pass down，prevent...from...，in harmony with，lead to, at one with, reflect on
1．Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature． 2．You should set aside some time to reflect on your successes and failures． 3．Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals，if not handled properly，may lead to spreading diseases． 4．Solving these problems，which prevent us from making progress in study，involves students communicating with teachers and parents． 5．The special knowledge is passed down through families，which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods to maintain the terraces．
重点句式检测 1．我们的城市在过去的十年里发生了巨大变化。(无生命名词作主语；see) The last ten years has seen great changes in our city． 2．这个男孩想再要50美分买冰激凌。(介词＋关系代词＋to do) The boy wants another fifty cents with which to buy ice cream． 3．有些人浪费粮食，而有些人经常挨饿。(while) Some people waste food while others often go hungry．
1 prevent v．阻挡，防止
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ) The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling(feel) lonely．
②(2020·天津卷)It prevents people who are cut off from society falling(fall) victim to cheaters．
该是我们采取措施来阻止全球变暖的时候了。
③It is high time for us to take measures to prevent/keep/stop the earth from getting warm．
④It is high time that we should take/took measures to prevent / keep/stop the earth from getting warm．
?prevent/stop...(from) doing sth．＝keep...from doing sth．阻止某人做某事
?prevention n．预防，防止
?prevent the spread of this disease 防止这种疾病的蔓延
?the way to prevent this from happening防止此事发生的方法
[名师点津] (1)在主动语态中，stop/prevent...后的from可省略；而keep...后的from不可省略。
(2)在被动语态中，这三词后的from不可省略。
2 design [课本义] v．设计 [增补义] v．构思；计划 n．设计；设计方案
①This course is specially designed for beginners like you, focusing on listening and speaking practice．
②She arrived just as we were leaving, but whether this was by accident or by design I'm not sure．
③The project was designed to help(旨在帮助) the students in need．The project didn't work out as planned．
④The project，designed to help the students in need, didn't work out as planned．(分词短语作后置定语)
?design...for...为……而设计……
?be designed for/to do...目的是……
?by design＝on purpose 故意地
?designer n．设计者
?be extended to design for the carrier rocket and other kinds of missiles可推广到其他类型导弹和运载火箭的系统设计中
?several designs for the new bridge 新桥的几种不同的设计方案
3 harm [课本义]v．伤害，损害[增补义] n．危害；伤害
①The plant, harmed(harm) by too much direct sunlight, has no chance of survival．
②He may not be able to help but there's no harm in asking (ask) him．
有些学生沉迷于玩电脑游戏，这对他们的健康非常有害。
③Some students are addicted to playing computer games, which is very harmful to their health．(定语从句；harmful)
④Some students are addicted to playing computer games, causing/doing great harm to their health．(v．-ing形式短语作状语；harm)
?对某人有害
?There is no harm in doing...做……无害处
?harmful adj．有害的，导致损害的
?be harmful to sb．/sth．对某人/某物有害
?harmless adj．无害的
?harm your eyes by reading in a poor light 在微弱的灯光下看书会伤害你的眼睛
?do great harm to you 对你危害很大
?be harmful to people 对人们有危害
4 replace [课本义]v．以……替换，更换 [增补义]v．把……放回原处
①(2021·全国乙卷)We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement (replace) operation．
②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Nervousness and fear were replaced with/by joy．
Our monitor will replace our head teacher to attend the commendatory meeting．
③Our monitor will take the place of our head teacher to attend the commendatory meeting．
④Our monitor will attend the commendatory meeting in place of our head teacher．
?replace...with/by...用……替换……，以……接替……
?take the place of sb．/take one's place 代替某人
?in place of sb．/in one's place代替某人
?replacement n．替换；替换的人(物)
?replace all the furniture damaged in the flood 更换在洪水中损坏的所有家具
?replace the china plate on the shelf 把陶瓷茶盘放回到架子上
5 benefit [课本义] n．好处，益处[增补义] v．有利于，对……有益
①(2021·全国乙卷)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot from doing some housework．
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial (benefit) Vitamin D．
我们将会从读英语名著中受益良多，所以我们现在就开始吧。
③Reading English classics is very beneficial to us, so let's begin right now．(beneficial adj．)
④Reading English classics is of great benefit to us, so let's begin right now．(benefit n．)
?benefit from/by...从……中受益；得益于……
?for the benefit of...为了……的利益
?beneficial adj．有利的；有帮助的
?be of great benefit to...＝be very beneficial to...对……非常有益 (to为介词)
?benefit a great deal from reading 从读书中受益良多
?be of great benefit to us all 对我们大家都会大有好处
?be beneficial to your recovery from illness 有益于你从疾病中康复
6 provide...for...给……提供……
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species...
②(2020·江苏卷)This well-made film provides foreign audiences with a fresh way of better knowing China's past and present．
③I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me．
→I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, provided/providing(that) my dad went with me．
?provide sb．with sth．＝provide sth．for sb．提供给某人某物
?provide for 为……做好准备；使有据可依
?provided (that)＝providing (that) 倘若，在……情况/条件下
provide me with a good chance to show my talent 为我提供了一个展示自己才华的好机会
[名师点津] 表示“向某人提供某物”的短语还有：offer sb．sth．＝offer sth．to sb．；supply sb．with sth．＝supply sth．to sb．
7 [教材原句]And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them． 虽然许多英国人认为锄草是周日最棒的活动，但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。
①Nothing is more valuable(valuable)than time，but nothing is less valued．
②When talking with the elderly, you can't be too polite/polite enough(再礼貌也不为过)．
③(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Nothing is more rewarding than taking part in the five-kilometer cross-country running race(没有什么比参加5公里越野比赛更有意义的了)，which benefits us physically and mentally．
?“否定词＋比较级”意为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。该结构表最高级含义。
?
There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the grassland, staring at the night sky．
没有什么比我躺在草地仰望着夜空更惬意的了。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．The programme is designed to help (help) people who have been out of work for a long time．
2．(2021·全国乙卷)Staring at the screen is harmful(harm) to our eyes．Worse still, we don't have many opportunities to interact with our teachers and classmates．
3．They have possibly recognized the possibility and it's possible for them to take steps to prevent it happening(happen)．
4．I really enjoyed myself during my visit to Miami．I've never had a more pleasant(pleasant) one before．
5．Researchers at the University of Liverpool found the writing of Shakespeare, Wordsworth and the like has a beneficial(benefit) effect on our mind．
6．There is a growing awareness that the prevention(prevent) of environmental pollution is extremely important．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．They are unlikely to extract much benefit from the trip．
2．(2021·浙江卷) Most of the students think highly of this exhibition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art．
3．The boy broke all the glasses by design；he certainly deserved to be punished．
4．It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with/by a modern hotel or not．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Language researchers say pronunciation and fluency are the biggest barriers(barrier) followed by grammar in effective spoken English．
2．(2019·江苏卷)Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of limited(limit) resources．
3．Take more exercise and have enough sleep, and you will feel relaxed and energetic (energy)．
4．Our school football team narrowly(narrow) beat theirs by 1 points to 0．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Traditional Chinese virtues should be passed down from generation to generation．
2．This place is home to 9，000 plant species, a third of which are found nowhere else．
3．What shocked us was that his action led to our team narrowly winning the match．
4．Living in harmony with others is very important．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)Then you have to go in person to one of our branches and talk to a clerk there．B
A．树枝 B．分支机构；分店
C．支流
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their permission．B
A．宏伟的；壮丽的 B．极好的；出色的
C．快乐的
3．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper．A
A．(纸)张
B．(冰或水等的)一大片
C．薄片，薄板
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children，but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid．
本句为but连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中which prevented...children为定语从句，修饰a brain disease。
[尝试翻译]大卫患有一种脑部疾病，这种疾病使他不能像其他孩子那样走路或跑步，但在学校，他的同班同学把他当作一个正常的小孩儿。
2．(2021·全国甲卷)A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender (性别) are “really, really smart．”
本句是复合句，两个that引导的都是宾语从句。published by Science为过去分词短语，在句中作定语。
[尝试翻译]《科学》杂志近期发表的一项研究表明，六岁时，与男孩相比，女孩更不可能称赞同性别成员“非常非常聪明。”
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
A natural disaster is a major 1．harmful (harm) event resulting from natural process of the Earth．Earthquakes, typhoons, floods, hurricanes and other extreme climates have led 2．to a lot of deaths around the world．On the one hand, natural disasters always bring great sadness to people，but on the other hand，natural disasters make people fully aware of the mistakes of themselves and begin to rethink 3．what they have done．
Take the typhoon which hit Japan as an example．This Super Typhoon visited Japan，causing plenty of deaths, more than 600 injuries and losses worth countless dollars．Bridges and roads 4．were washed(wash) away, and houses and buildings were damaged, leaving many people homeless．Although the government of Japan had taken some measures，the typhoon did bring much trouble to people there．
As students，what can we do to prevent natural disasters 5．happening(happen) and reduce the loss to the minimum？First of all, measures must be taken to raise the public's environmental awareness．We can hand out booklets specially 6．designed(design) for the public or hold photo exhibitions of natural disasters．Secondly, in view of our 7．limited(limit) knowledge，it's very practical and helpful to have more knowledge about natural disasters．8．Having(have) some basic first-aid knowledge and survival skills, which will be 9．beneficial (benefit) to us all, is also essential．Last but not least，we hope the government should pay more attention to forecasting technology．I am convinced that if everyone does his best, we can live in harmony 10．with nature．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
近几年来，发展低碳经济一直是一个热门话题。最近，你班就这一话题进行了讨论。请你写一篇报道向你校网站投稿，内容包括：
1．实施低碳经济的必要性；
2．同学们的建议；
3．你的看法。
注意：词数80左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
In recent years，carrying out a low-carbon economy has been a hot topic．Recently our class had a heated discussion about it．
Through the discussion，we are fully aware of the necessity of carrying out a low-carbon economy in our country and my classmates put forward the following suggestions．First，we should prevent people from cutting down trees arbitrarily．Second，we should replace private cars with public transportation as much as possible．Third, many things that people throw away should be recycled and reused．
In a word, everyone should do his part to live a low-carbon life and live in harmony with nature．
情感描写之“感激”与“感动”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
单词 thank，thankful, grateful，gratefully，move，moving, moved，touch，touching，touched，gratitude, appreciation，appreciate
短语 ①shed tears of gratitude 流下感激的泪水 ②be moved to tears 感动得落泪 ③have a deep gratitude towards...对……深怀感激 ④with gratitude/appreciation 感激地 ⑤owe sb．a lot/a great deal 非常感激某人 ⑥be deeply moved/touched by ...被……深深感动
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表示“感激”与“感动”的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①彼得差点撞上一辆路过的汽车，这时一位过路人把他推到了安全的地方。
Peter was nearly knocking into a passing car when a passer-by pushed him to safety．
②他眼里含着感激的泪水，哽咽着感谢这个过路人，“太感谢你了！”
With grateful tears/tears of gratitude welling up in his eyes, he thanked the passer-by with a lump in his throat, “Thank you so much！” (with复合结构)
③路人只是温和地笑了笑。彼得在寒冷的天气里，感到一阵暖意，他开始相信处处有善良的人。
The passer-by just smiled warmly．A feeling of warmth swept over Peter on the cold day, he began to believe there were kindhearted people in every corner．(无生命名词作主语)
④看到陌生人之间这般彼此关照，实在令人感动。
It was very moving/touching to see how much strangers could care for each other．(形式主语)
⑤知道事情的经过后，彼得的母亲流下喜悦和感激的泪水。
Knowing what had happened, Peter's mother shed tears of joy and gratitude．
课时分层作业(六)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2022·广东惠州第三次调研)
It is an old saw that there is nothing new under the sun．But it may still come as a surprise that human beings aren't alone in having invented vaccination (接种疫苗)．The work published by Gyan Harwood of the University of Illinois confirms that honeybees got there first．It also suggests they run the vaccination programmes like humans．
One discovery in 2015 is that queen bees vaccinate their eggs by transferring into them antigens (抗原) which start the development of a protective immune response．But that observation raises the question of how the queen receives her antigen supply in the first place，for she lives only on royal jelly (蜂王浆) produced by worker bees who act as nurses to baby bees．Dr．Harwood therefore wondered if the nurses obtain the antigens while eating nectar (花蜜)．
To test this idea，he cooperated with Heli Salmela．Together，they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless hives with baby bees to look after．Instead of nectar，they fed the nurses on sugar-water，and for three of the hives they mixed the sugar-water with a bacterium that causes a hive-killing disease．
In this case，to stop such an infection happening，Dr．Harwood and Dr．Salmela heat-treated the bacteria to kill them in advance．They also labeled the dead bacteria with a fluorescent dye (荧光染料) to make them easy to track．And，the result showed that pathogens (病原体) were getting into royal jelly produced by those nurse bees．
All told that nurse bees are indeed，through their royal jelly，passing antigens on to the queen，and then to the eggs．Meanwhile，after they hatch，the eggs receive antigens from the nurses as well，thus being vaccinated twice．
【语篇解读】 俗话说，天下无新事。但令人惊讶的是，并非只有人类发明了疫苗。伊利诺伊大学的Gyan Harwood博士发表的研究证实蜜蜂也像人类一样进行疫苗接种。
1．In which section of a newspaper can we find this text
A．Science． B．Education．
C．Geography． D．Medicine．
A [文章出处题。通读文章可知，第一段点明新的研究发现。根据该段中的“The work published by Gyan Harwood of the University of Illinois confirms that honeybees got there first．It also suggests they run the vaccination programmes like humans．”可知，本文主要围绕蜜蜂进行疫苗接种的研究展开，属于科普说明文，最有可能节选自报纸的科技板块，故选A项。]
2．What does Dr．Harwood in paragraph 2 put forward
A．An assumption． B．A suggestion．
C．A theory． D．A fact．
A [推理判断题。第二段首先介绍了2015年的一项发现：蜂王通过向卵中转移抗原来给它们接种疫苗，这些抗原会启动保护性免疫反应。这样的观察结果引发了一个问题：蜂王究竟是如何获得抗原的？这是因为蜂王只靠由工蜂生产的蜂王浆为生，工蜂充当保姆照顾幼蜂。因此，这让Harwood博士想知道工蜂是否在吃花蜜时获得了抗原。Harwood博士的这种思考是基于观察发现和蜂群特点的一种假设，故选A项。]
3．Why were the nurse bees fed on sugar-water instead of nectar
A．To produce bacteria．
B．To find out the antigen supply．
C．To stop infections happening．
D．To offer another food choice．
B [推理判断题。文章第三段和第四段详细介绍了验证Harwood博士假设的实验过程：研究人员用糖水代替花蜜喂养工蜂，并在其中三组把糖水和一种会导致蜂群疾病的细菌混合在一起。为了阻止这种感染的发生，Harwood博士和Salmela博士对细菌进行热处理，提前杀死它们。他们还用荧光染料标记死菌，以便追踪。结果表明，病原体进入了工蜂所生产的蜂王浆中。根据实验过程可推知，用糖水代替花蜜是为了追踪蜜蜂抗原的来源，故选B项。]
4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A．Nurse Bees Invent Vaccination
B．Queen Bees Vaccinate Their Eggs
C．Honeybees Popularize Vaccination
D．Honeybees Run Vaccination Programmes
D [标题归纳题。根据文章第一段的研究发现“It also suggests they run the vaccination programmes like humans．”可知，蜜蜂也像人类一样进行疫苗接种。后文则围绕这一研究发现的背景、实验过程以及结论详细介绍。蜜蜂进行疫苗接种呼应文章主旨句，故选D项。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2022·沈阳市高三教学质量监测)
How to Eat Better for the Planet
You are environmentally conscious and hungry．Here are answers to all your eco-friendly food questions．
Does what I eat have an effect on climate change
Yes． 1 ．About one quarter of the planet-warming greenhouse gases are generated by humans each year．That includes raising and harvesting all the plants，animals，and animal products we eat，as well as processing，packaging，and shipping food to markets all over the world．
2 ？
When forests are cleared to make room for farms and cattle，large stores of carbon are released into the atmosphere，which heats up the planet．Also，fossil (化石)fuels are used to operate farm machinery and ship food around the globe，all of which generate emissions (排放)．
Which foods have the largest impact
3 ．Cattle accounts for roughly the same amount of emissions as all the cars，trucks，airplanes，and ships in the world today，while plant-based foods like beans and grains tend to have the smallest effect．Pork，chicken，and eggs are somewhere in the middle．
Why does meat have such a big effect on the climate
It's often more efficient to grow crops for humans to eat than it is to grow crops for animals to eat and then turn those animals into food for humans．A conclusion was reached by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization in 2017． 4 ．
Is there a simple food choice I can make that would reduce my climate footprint
Consuming less red meat and dairy products will typically have the biggest effect for most people in wealthy countries．A number of studies have concluded that people who eat a meat-heavy diet could reduce their food-related footprint by one third or more by moving to a vegetarian diet． 5 ．If you don't want to go that far，just eating less meat and dairy products can reduce emissions．
A．Why do we need to change the climate
B．The world's food system is responsible for it
C．The greenhouse gases have an impact on our food
D．How exactly does food contribute to global warming
E．Giving up dairy products would reduce those emissions even further
F．On average，it takes about three pounds of grains to raise one pound of meat
G．In general，beef and lamb have the biggest climate footprint per gram of protein
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。我们所吃的食物对气候变化有很大的影响，本文主要阐述了与这一话题相关的几个问题。
1．B [考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句问到了“我吃的东西对气候变化有影响吗”，本段内容对这一问题进行了回答和阐述。根据下文中的“种植和收获所有植物、动物和我们吃的动物产品，以及加工、包装和运送食品到世界各地的市场都会产生温室气体”可知，空处讲到的应该是饮食确实对气候变化产生了影响，故B项符合语境。]
2．D [考查段落主旨句。分析文章结构可知，此处是一个疑问句，A和D选项符合这一要求；根据本段讲到的内容“森林让位于农场和牛，大量碳被排放到大气中……化石能源被用于农具和运输”可知，本段应该讲到的是食物对气候造成影响的具体方式，所以D项适合作本段的主旨句。]
3．G [考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句问到了“哪种食物产生了最大的影响”，根据下文中的“牛肉产生的排放物的量和汽车、卡车、飞机和船几乎一样多”可知，空处讲到的应该是牛肉等是产生影响最大的食物，所以G项符合语境。]
4．F [考查上下文衔接。根据空前的“种植供人类吃的作物通常比种植供动物吃的作物、然后把这些动物变成人类的食物更有成效”可知，种植用于饲养动物的农作物很耗能，故F项符合语境。]
5．E [考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到“常吃肉的人士可以通过吃素食减少与食物相关的碳足迹的三分之一甚至更多”，而空后一句讲到“如果你不想到那个程度，那么仅仅少吃肉和奶制品可以减少(碳)排放”，因此空处讲到的内容应该与减少(碳)排放有关，所以E项符合语境。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2022·沈阳市高三年级教学质量监测)
Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction．When we eat or drink something containing sugar，the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good．Then the good feeling goes away，1． (leave) us wanting more．All 2． (taste) foods do this，but sugar has a particularly strong effect．In this way，it is in fact an addictive drug，one that doctors recommend we all cut down on．
Our bodies 3． (design) to survive on very little sugar．Early humans often had very little food，so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat．In this way，we had energy 4． (store) for when there was no food．But today，most people have more than enough．So 5． very thing that once saved us may now be killing us．
So what is the 6． (solve) It's obvious that we need to eat less sugar．The trouble is，in today's world，it's extremely difficult to avoid．From breakfast cereals 7． after-dinner desserts，our foods are increasingly filled with it．Some manufacturers even use sugar to replace taste in foods that are advertised as low in fat．
But there are people and organizations 8． are fighting back against sugar．Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier options like fruit．Other schools 9． (grow) their own food in gardens，or building 10． (facility) like walking tracks so students and others in the community can exercise．The battle has not yet been lost．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，喜欢吃糖实际上是对糖的上瘾。这种习惯严重影响着身体健康。为消除这种影响，一些学校正在用水果等作零食代替含糖甜品。
1．leaving [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故用动词-ing形式短语。句意：然后美好的感觉消失了，(其结果是)让我们欲罢不能。]
2．tasty [考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词foods，故用形容词形式。句意：所有美味的食物都能做到这一点，但糖有特别强烈的影响。]
3．are designed [考查动词的时态和语态。主语和谓语design之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；主语Our bodies是复数意义，故谓语动词用复数；该句陈述的是一般规律，故用一般现在时。句意：我们的身体天生就能靠少量的糖分生存。]
4．stored [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句使用了“have sth．done”结构；名词energy和store之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作have的宾语补足语。]
5．the [考查冠词。根据空后的定语从句可知，该处表示特指，故用定冠词。句意：所以曾经拯救我们的东西现在可能正在杀死我们。]
6．solution [考查词性转换。冠词后接名词，根据前面的定冠词the可知，空处用名词形式。]
7．to [考查介词。from...to...为固定搭配，表示“从……到……”。句意：从早餐麦片到餐后甜点，我们的食物中越来越多地充满了它。]
8．that [考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，指代先行词people and organizations，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词引导该定语从句。当有两个先行词，一个指“人”，一个指“物”时，定语从句关系词只能用that。]
9．are growing [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上句中的“are replacing”可知，该句也应用现在进行时，表示正在发生的动作。句意：其他学校则正在菜园里种植自己的食物。]
10．facilities [考查名词复数。根据“like walking tracks”并结合常识可知，学校在校园里建诸如跑道等体育设施。体育设施有许多，故用复数形式。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·潍坊市阶段性监测)
Twenty years ago，Chase Poust was only 7．On one Sunday morning，he，his dad Steven，and his 4-year-old sister Abigail，were out for a family boating trip on Florida's St．Johns River．Chase and Abigail were swimming at the back of the anchored boat while Steven was on deck(甲板) fishing．
It was a perfect outing—it was so peaceful and the colors of the deep blue sky，the light green river water and the mild late May sunshine mixed to create a magic scene．Off the shore lay quietly several cottages．Everything was sound until a strong current emerged and loosened Abigail's grasp and she let go of the boat．Instantly realizing his sister would be swept away，Chase let go of the boat as well to try to reach her．At the same time，Chase screamed at his father desperately．
Without thinking twice，Steven jumped into the water and swam towards the two kids with all his efforts．But after realizing he couldn't keep up with both kids，he was faced with a heartbroken decision．He told them he loved them very much because he wasn't sure what was going to happen．Steven tried his best to stick with both of his children．He wore himself out．But his little daughter was washed away from him．Directing Chase to swim to the shore for help，Steven stayed behind，keeping as close as he could to Abigail as the life vest that was keeping her above the waves floated further and further from his reach．
It was a tough go for the 7-year-old，but rather than attempting to swim all out，Chase wisely paced himself．Stopping to float or dog paddle when he was tired，he would rest and then set off again．The current was going the opposite way of going to the boat and the shore，so it was very hard to swim for Chase．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
An hour later，Chase swam to the shore，anyhow．_____________________________________
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Luckily，Steven and Abigail were found and rescued．__________________________________
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【写作思路】
文章大意：本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了7岁的Chase Poust和他4岁的妹妹Abigail正在游泳时，急流袭来，哥哥意识到急流很有可能把妹妹冲走，于是哥哥松开船去救妹妹，并对父亲大喊。父亲毫不犹豫地跳下去救他们，父亲让哥哥游上岸寻求救援，但游上岸对7岁的哥哥来说非常困难。
谋篇布局：由续写第一段提示句“An hour later，Chase swam to the shore，anyhow．”可知，一个小时后，Chase最终游上了岸。据此可以推知，续写第一段可描写Chase寻找救援，以及人们得到消息后立即行动的情况。
由续写第二段提示句“Luckily，Steven and Abigail were found and rescued．”可知，幸运的是，Steven和Abigail被找到并获救。据此可推知，续写第二段主要写Steven和Abigail获救后的感受和行为，如向救援人员表示感谢。
【参考范文】
An hour later，Chase swam to the shore，any-how．Once on the solid ground，he ran to the nearest cottage and called for help．Hearing Chase's desperate cries，people in the cottage rushed out immediately．Realizing what had happened，they sprang into action．They rushed to the bank of the river following Chase and paddled their boats instantly with rescue equipment towards the dad and daughter．Meanwhile，someone called the Rescue Department．Soon after，rescuers arrived．All of them did everything they could to carry out a thorough search．
Luckily，Steven and Abigail were found and rescued．After ensuring their safety，people breathed a sigh of relief．Steven was deeply moved and expressed his gratitude to all the rescuers with tears swirling in his eyes．Then he hugged Chase and Abigail tightly and couldn't help weeping for joy．He couldn't be prouder of his son．It was the bravery，calmness and determination of the pint-sized superhero that changed everything．It was likely to be one day the family would never forget．
