Module 4 Rules and suggestions 知识点梳理+ 语法梳理+同步练习 （无答案）

Unit 1 You must be careful of falling stones
【课文知识点梳理】
1. When is Betty leaving for the trip
【知识点1】 leave 〔v〕离开 过去式left 过去分词 left
leave sb alone 让某人一个人待着
leave sp 离开某地
leave for sp 去某地，出发前往
2. What does Betty’s mum suggest Betty should not do
【知识点】 suggest 〔v〕 建议
suggest doing sth 建议做某事
suggest + 从句 （sb should do sth , should 可以省略）
suggestion 〔cn〕 建议
【拓展】 advise 〔v〕 advice 〔不可数名词un〕
advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
advise sb not to do sth建议某人不做某事
3. Please pay attention for a moment!
【知识点】 pay attention 注意
pay attention to sth/ doing sth 注意某事/ 作某事
4. Before we set off, there are a few rules and suggestions for you.
【知识点】set off set --- set--- set
①动身；出发(=set out =start off )
②使爆炸；引起
set off for +表示地点的名词(词组) 动身去某地= leave for
set up 建立 a set of 一串，一组 set aside 留出， 省出
set down 记下，写下 set out 出发 set off 动身，出发
set about 着手
They __set about______ doing their homework.他们开始做他们的作业了。
【知识点】a few
【知识点】 a few 几个，少许
few：用于可数名词，否定用法。 I have few friends. 我没有朋友
a few：用于可数名词，肯定用法。 I have a few friends. 我有几个朋友。
little：用于不可数名词，否定用法。 There is little water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有水
a little：用于不可数名词，肯定用法。 There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水
5. whenever you go walking in the hills, you should always wear proper clothes
【知识点】whenever 连词，意为“每当；无论什么时候”，引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when。
Whenever you come, you’ ll be welcome.
【拓展】whatever无论什么 wherever 无论何地
however 无论如何;不管怎样 whoever 无论谁
【知识点】 proper 合适的，恰当的 〔v〕可作定语或表语,没有比较级形式。
He gave us a proper example. 他给我们举了一个恰当的例子。
It isn't proper to visit friends too late. 太晚去拜访朋友是不合适的。
[拓展] properly〔副词]适当地
You are too thin, You're not eating properly. 你太瘦了，你的饮食不合理。
6. You mustn’t walk too close to the edge of the hill path because you might fall hurt yourselves
【知识点】mustn’t = must not 禁止，不允许
must 表示必须， 回答时用 “ don’t have to / needn’t do sth 表示不必做某事”
【知识点】 edge名词，意为“边；边缘”
on the edge of 在……的边缘上
【知识点】 might 情态动词
may 的过去式
【知识点】yourselves反身代词，
意为“你们自己”，是yourself的复数形式，在句中作hurt的宾语。
【拓展】oneself 反身代词
我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 我们自己 你们自己 他们自己
myself yourselves himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves
【知识点】由oneself构成的短语：
help yourself 请随便吃 teach oneself 自学
learn by oneself 自学 come to oneself 苏醒过来
enjoy oneself 玩的开心过的愉快 = have fun= have a good time
7. ...is that clear
【知识点】clear 〔adj〕清晰的，清澈的 反义词： unclear
〔v〕 消散 ，清除cleared-- cleared
8. you have to keep together so you don’t get lost, you mustn’t go off on your own.
【知识点】 have to 和must 必须
have to : 侧重客观上“不得不”， 有人称、数和时态的变化， don’t have to 不必做某事
must : 侧重主观上“必须”， 没有人称、数和时态的变化， mustn’t do sth 禁止作某事
【知识点】get lost
= be missing 迷路的，失踪的
【知识点】go off “离开”，常指为了某个目的而悄悄离去。
go off还可表示“突然发出响声；（电灯）熄灭；（水电）中断；（食物或饮料）变质，变坏”等。
【知识点】on your own =by oneself 独自，自己
Of one’s own 属于某个人自己的
9. I am starving.
【知识点】 starve 〔v〕 挨饿，饿死 be starving 快饿死了，非常饿
starve to death 饿死 be starved of 渴望得到，急需
10. Don’t drink all your water in one go. You may need some later.
【知识点】in one go 一口气
【知识点】need
need sth / sb 需要某人某物
need to do sth 需要被做某事 don’t need to do sth 不必做某事
need doing = need to be done 需要被
11. You must be careful of falling stones.
【知识点】be careful
be careful with...小心.... be careful of 注意…… ；留心……
be careful for 关注 be careful about 讲究；小心，当心
careless 〔adj〕 粗心的
carelessness 〔n〕 粗心
12. OK, off we go.
【知识点】 off we go 半倒装 we go off 我们出发吧
e on! I’ll lead the way
【知识点】 come on 加油！ 快点 ，得了吧，
【知识点】 lead 领导，带领〔v〕 过去式led-- led
lead 〔n〕 领先 take the lead 领先
leader 〔n〕领导
14. It should be a fairly smooth walk to begin with because it’s a straight path.
【知识点】fairly 〔adv〕 相当，还算 同义词 quite, very fairly large 相当大
fairly 〔adv〕 公平地，合理地
fair 〔adj〕公平的
unfair 〔adj〕不公平的
【知识点】to begin with= to start with 一开始
begin-- beginning
begin---- began --- begun
【知识点】 straight
straight 〔adj〕笔直的， a straight line 一条直线
straightly 〔adv〕直地 go straight
Unit2 We must keep the camp clean
15. On the first evening, the three of us were tired after walking for about eight hours.
【知识点】on
时间介词 at, in, on
at 〔prep〕 prep.在……期间 at Christmas 在圣诞节期间
at +时间点 在几点钟
at night/noon 在晚上/在正午
at the age of .. 在……岁的时候
on +具体日期、节日、具体某天的早中晚
on Monday morning 在周一的早上
on Dragon Boat Festival 在端午节当天
in +①年代、年份、季节、月份等
在2050年 in 2050 在8月 in August
②短语 the morning/afternoon/evening
e.g.老年人们习惯早上早起。
Old people are used to getting up early in the morning.
16.… the three of us were tired after walking for about eight hours.步行了约八个小时之后，我们三个人都很累。
【知识点】the 用在数词前, 表示特指
the three of us 指的是“我们三个人” (一共就三个人);
three of us指的是“我们中的三个人” (不止三个人)
There are 10 people in the office and eight of them are women.
办公室有十个人，有八个是女的
17.We soon fall asleep.
【知识点】fall asleep 入睡 fall--- fell--- fallen
fall ill 生病 fall silent 变得安静
【拓展】be asleep
“睡着的”表示一种状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
go to sleep
意为“睡着；入睡”，表示从清醒到渐渐睡着这一过程，强调进入睡眠状态。
go to bed
表示“上床睡觉”，强调上床睡觉这个动作，无“睡着”之意，它的对应词组是get up“起床”。
fall asleep
“入睡；睡着”。表示动作，侧重于“自然而然地入睡”，有时指无意之中或在不适当的场合睡着。
18.we should hang the food in a tree tonight.”
【知识点】hang 〔v〕
(1)悬挂；吊， 过去式和过去分词均为hung。
(2)绞死，过去式和过去分词均为hanged。
I hung the washing on the clothing line.我把洗好的衣服挂在晾衣绳上。
At last, the bad man was hanged. 最后，这个坏男人被绞死了。
【拓展】与hang相关的常见短语：
hang out 闲逛；常去某处 hang on 不挂断（电话） hang up 挂断（电话）
19. We put up the tent and fell asleep.
【知识点】put 短语
put up 挂起；张贴; 举起 put away 整理，放在一边 put up with 提出，想出
put out 熄灭 put off 推迟 put down 放下
Put on 穿上，增重
let’s tidy up and move on.
【知识点】up 短语
put up 挂起；张贴; 举起 get up 起来 grow up 长大，成长 give up放弃 pick up 捡起，接送，采摘 take up 占用，从事
make up 编造，化妆，弥补 look up 查阅 tidy up 整理干净
clean up 打扫干净 cut up 切碎
【知识点】move 〔v/n〕 移动，搬家
moved 〔adj〕 感动的 moving 〔adj〕 令人感动的
we should make lots of noise too.
【知识点】make 用法
make yourself comfortable 请随意，不用拘束
make sb.+adj. 使人……的
make it + adj + to do sth 使做某事...样 it 作形式宾语
make up 编造,化妆，弥补
make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事
make sb do sth让某人做某事
make sb not do sth 让某人不要做某事.
【知识点】make noise 发出噪音
noisy 〔adj〕 吵闹的 noise 〔n〕噪音 noisily 〔adv〕 吵闹地
21. If they know where we are, they may not come any closer,
【知识点】if 引导的条件状语从句
状语从句时态：
主句使用含有情态动词的句子，从句使用一般现在时态（主情从现，主祈从现，主将从现）
21.Suddenly, I saw a baby bear playing with some sticks and stones.
【知识点】Suddenly= in a sudden 突然地
sudden 〔adj〕突然的
【知识点】see 用法 see -- saw-- seen sit--- sitting
see sb do doing sth 看见某人正在做某事
see sb do sth 看见某人常做某事/ 做过某事
类似用法 ：see, notice, watch, hear
【拓展】 see被动语态
see sb do sth 的被动语态形式be seen to do
see sb doing sth 的被动语态形式be seen doing
21.He looked so soft and friendly, and I remember thinking,
【知识点】look 相关短语
look for 寻找 look out 小心 look after 照顾
look forward to 期盼 look into 调查 look over 仔细检查
look up 查阅 look through 浏览 look down 向下看，轻视
look like 像
【知识点】 remember 〔v〕 记住 remembered-- remembered
反义词 forget 〔v〕 忘记 forget--- forgot--- forgotten
remember doing sth 记得做过的事情
remember to do sth 记得去做某事
22....“If I reach out, I can just touch him.” There was a loud noise behind me.
【知识点】 reach out (for sth) 伸出（手或臂）去拿……
【拓展】表示到达某地 arrive, reach, get to
arrive 不及物动词
arrive in +地点名词（大） arrive at+地点名词（小） arrive + 地点副词
reach 及物动词，直接加表示地点的名词
get to 及物动词短语， 加表示地点的名词短语。如果接地点副词，省略to
get home , get there, get here
23.I stood very still. I didn’t even turn my head. There was another loud noise. The baby bear looked up, and ran towards me.
【知识点】still adj. 静止的；不动的
*still adv. 仍然；依旧 *still adv. 仍然；依旧
【拓展】still, calm, quiet辨析：
1.在修饰环境时:
calm指风平浪静； quiet指没有吵闹干扰； still指完全没有声音。
2.在修饰人时:
calm指人心平气和，毫不激动；still指“一动不动” 。
quiet指性情温和、安静等，有时也指人的闲散或不活动；
24. For the next 10 days every time there was a sudden noise my blood went cold.
【知识点】every time 在句中引导一个状语从句, 表示“每次……, 每当……”。
【知识点】go
表示“处于(某种状态, 尤指令人生厌的状态)”, 其后可以接形容词, 如本句中的cold。
【知识点】 blood 〔n〕 血液
bloody adj. 血 腥的 bleed v. 流血 a drop of blood 一滴血
25.Don’t eat or drink anywhere except in the restaurant.(unit3 教材31页)
【知识点】辨析：except,besides与but
except强调“从整体中除去except后的内容",常与all,always,除了………外
besides除……外，还有包括besides后的内容
but 除…之外.常与nothing,no,nobody连
All the students are studying at school except Tom,who is ill at home.
除汤姆生病在家外,所有的学生都在校学习。
I like maths besides English.
除英语之外,我还喜欢数学。
She had nothing but two pieces of bread this morning
今天早上她只吃了两片面包。
... students should pass on what they have learnt in school to their parents and neighbours(Unit 3 教材23页)
【知识点】pass on传递
pass on 为“动词+副词”结构,当宾语是人称代词时，应放于 pass 与 on 之间。
Pass it on to the next person.把它传给下一个人。
[拓展]pass sb.sth.=pass sth.to sb.把某物递给某人
Please pass me the bread.= Please pass the bread tome.请把面包递给我。
Would you like to pass on the salt to me
27.“I told my family why we should turn offthe light when we leave a room," said one student.
“我告诉我的家人为什么当我们离开房间时应该关上灯，”一个学生说。(Unit3教材第32页，)
【知识点】turn off 关上(电灯、水、煤气等)
反义短语:turn on 打开
turn of和 tum on 为“动词+副词”结构的短语其宾语为名词时,放在副词前后均可;其宾语为人称代词时,宾语只能放在副词之前。
【模块语法梳理】
情态动词
情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。
1. can 的用法：
（1）表示能力、许可、可能性。
She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。
I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。
（2）表示推测，意为“可能”， 常用于否定句和疑问句中， 此时can’t 译为“ 不可能”。
如：—Can it be our teacher 那个人有可能是我们老师吗？
—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.
不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。
2. could的用法：
（1）can的过去式，意为“ 能、 会”，表示过去的能力。
如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。
（2）could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时 could 没有过去式的意思。
如:—Could I use your pen 我能用一下你的钢笔吗
—Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）
3. may的用法：
（1）表示请求、许可，比can 正式，
如：May I borrow your bike 我可以借你的自行车吗？
(2) 表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“ 可能， 或许”，一般用于肯定句中。
如：It may rain tomorrow . 明天可能会下雨。
(3) 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V
例如：May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。
4. must的用法：
(1)must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。
如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。
(2) 其否定形式mustn’t表示“ 一定不要 ” “千万别” “禁止, 不许”.
如：You mustn’t play with fire. 你不许玩火。
（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t 或 don’t have to .如：—Must I finish my homework 我现在必须完成作业吗？
—No, you needn’t.不，你不必。
(4)must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。
如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。
5. need的用法：
（1）need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为needn’t，意为“没有必要，不必”。
用need 提问时，肯定回答为 must，否定回答为 needn’t或don’t have to。
如：—Need I stay here any longer 我还有必要留在这儿吗？
—Yes, you must .是的。
—No. you needn’t /don’t have to. 不， 你不必。
(2)need 还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。
如：He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那个女孩。
6.shall 的用法：
shall表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称），
如：Shall we go out for a walk 我们出去散步好吗？
7. should的用法：
should 意为“应该” ，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。
如：We should protect the environment. 我们应该保护环境。
8. will 的用法：
will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。
如：I will help you if I’m free this afternoon.今天下午如果我有空，我就会帮你。
【巩固练习】
一、Put 相关短语填空
1. They __________ (张贴）a picture on the wall.
2. She finished _______ the milk _______(收好）and turned around.
3. It took two hours to _________ the fire. (扑灭）
4. After two rings I ___________ the phone. (放下）
二、根据汉语提示完成句子
1.There was no wind and the trees were (静止的).
2.He gave his (血)to help his mother.
3.They slept in the (帐篷)last night.
4.Look out! He’s got a (枪).
5.This kind of cloth feels (柔软的).
6.Sarah （look) out of the window when she heard a loud noise outside.
7.Don’t make （噪音） here.Your father is sleeping.
8.The monkey （伸出）out a hand for bananas.
9.He lies down on the sofa and soon fall (入睡) .
10.You had better （整理） the place before you move in.
三、单项选择
1. If you _____ smoke, please go outside.
A. can B. may C. must D. might
2. Children _______ sit in the front seat of a car. It’s too dangerous.
A. need B. needn’t C. must D. mustn’t
3.—Is the long-haired man Bruce
—No, it _______ be him. He’s in New York now.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
4.—Bob, where is Linda
—She _______ be in the library, but I am not sure.
A. must B. may C. need D. has to
5. We ______ pay to get into the concert. It's free.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. might not D. don’t have to
6.It looks like rain, so you_______bring your umbrella with you.
A. should B. must C. can D. can’t
7. — How will the weather be tomorrow
—It ______ be rainy or sunny. Who knows
A. must B. might C. shall D. should
8. A small town in Norway doesn’t get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March — ________ six months out of the year.
A. only B. hardly C. clearly D. nearly
9. —I grow lots of flowers and vegetables in my garden.
—If you have too many, why not be a good neighbor and spread the ________
A. spirit B. experience C. wealth D. energy
10. — Is this raincoat yours
— No, mine ______ there behind the door.
A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung
11. Wet clothes are often _____ up near a fire in rainy weather.
A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung
12. —This year, Hefei government continued to ________ 40 community activity centers.
—Wonderful! The government has helped people live a happier life.
A. set up B. break up C. get up D. look up
13. — Are you sure you have to It’s been very late.
— I don’t know ________ I can do it if not now.
A. Where B. why C. when D. how
14. —Have you ever climbed Dashu Mountain
—Yes, I ________ in Hefei for a week last year and reached the top of it.
A. have stayed B. stayed C. stay D. had stayed
15. ________ you stick to your rules, you will be the one who can manage your life well.
A. As long as B. As soon as C. In order that D. Even though
16.__________can ask us for help if they are in trouble.
A.Nobody B.Somebody C.Anybody D.Everybody
17.He was so busy that he ___________his son's birthday party.
A.missed B.met C.lost D.caught
18.It's our duty to __________our parents well when they are old.
A.look at B.look for C.look up D.look after
19.—Dad,can you up at 6:00 tomorrow morning
—Of course,dear.
A.wake up me B.wake me up C.wake them up D.wake up them
20.Mr.White lives a simple life ___________he's very rich.
A.since B.until C.although D.because
四、完形填空
It’s been more than eight years since I moved from the US to Beijing. When I graduated from high school, I left my parents to go to college. We lived in different cities, ____1____ we still stayed in touch through phone and email. It was easy to ____2____ my mom. But living in Beijing has made it a bit more ____3____.
You see, we’re separated not only by distance, but also by ____4____. My hometown is on the opposite side of the planet from Beijing — it’s a 12-hour difference. This means that when it’s ____5____ in Beijing, it’s night in my hometown. This can make it difficult to find a suitable time to communicate with my family.
But we make it work ____6____. We just try to choose times that are ____7____ for both of us. This means I usually call my mom late in the evening when she’s taking her lunch break. We talk about our work, the weather, and whatever else is ____8____ in our lives. It’s nice to check in with her and see how she’s doing. And of course, I try to visit home ____9____. About once every other year, I’ll fly back to the US to see my parents and sisters for the holidays.
Like many other foreigners living in China, I do ___10____ my family. But we try to stay in touch as best as we can.
1. A. if B. but C. or D. since
2. A. call on B. call off C. call for D. call up
3. A. expensive B. exciting C. difficult D. boring
4. A. time B. color C. language D. country
5. A. evening B. weekday C. morning D. weekend
6. A. anything B. anytime C. anywhere D. anyway
7. A. busy B. strange C. convenient D. usual
8. A. competing B. happening C. disappearing D. hiding
9. A. in time B. on time C. at times D. at one time
10. A. believe B. miss C. call D. enjoy
五、阅读理解
A
What if you have big feelings Just manage your emotions (情绪) as follows.
Step 1. Remind yourselves that it is never okay to hurt others. It is important to know what is acceptable and what is not for others. You should not hurt others, including hurting them with words.
Step 2. Take three deep breaths or count slowly to 10. You need to understand big feelings are very normal but your actions caused by these feelings will bring results. Taking a few deep breaths or slowly counting to 10 can give you time to realize your body’s warning signs—whether you have a tense (紧绷的) body or clenched (咬紧的) teeth.
Step 3. Use your words to say how you feel and what you wish would happen. Saying what you wish for helps you open a problem-solving conversation. Of course, your wish won’t always be an acceptable solution for all parties but you can work out a more peaceful solution together with whom you are angry.
Step 4. Ask for help to solve the problem. It is okay to ask for help when you don’t feel that you can solve the problem alone. Asking your parents or teachers for advice may help you find better ways.
Step 5. Take the time you need to calm down. Sometimes you may still feel angry or upset even having worked through each of the above steps. In these situations, it is often better to walkaway or to find another safe way to deal with those feelings. Several days later, you may not feel as strongly about what happened.
1. What should be done when we are dealing with our emotions
A. Telling others about the problem. B. Hiding our feelings from others.
C. Hurting other people by words. D. Getting close to others every time.
2. What does Step 2 tell us
A. Only angry people have big feelings. B. Unhealthy people easily become angry.
C. It is normal for people to feel angry. D. Numbers can make people comfortable.
3. What should you do if your emotions are still there after you have tried steps 1—4
A. The problem is too serious for you to solve.
B. There is no safe way left to solve the problem.
C. You have to find the warning signs in your body.
D. Time may help you calm down and be peaceful again.
3. In which part of a newspaper can we find the text
A. Sports. B. Travel. C. Business. D. Health.
B
Years ago, I was on a train ride when I noticed a family getting on board. There were two little girls, their mom, and her friend, all of them with big bags. From what it looked like, they were going to be away for several days. One of the girls sat next to an older gentleman, who started talking with her.
As the train ride went on, the little girl said that they were on their way to the children’s hospital in the city, where her sister Hayley was receiving treatment. Without asking more about it, the man spoke with the girls on and off during the journey. Towards the end of the ride, the man started writing something on a piece of paper. As the train stopped at his station, he walked over to the girl’s mom and handed her a check saying. “That’s for Hayley.” Then he got off the train before anyone had a chance to thank him.
The mom was puzzled (迷惑不解的) at first. After seeing the check, she felt thankful for what he had done. She looked up, hoping to catch the man before he disappeared from view, but he was already gone.
The moment left a lasting impression on me. It reminded me that small acts of kindness can make a big difference in someone’s day. It also made me wonder about the man’s story and what led him to do this for strangers on a train.
1. Where were the family going (不超过5个词)
__________________________________
2. How did the woman feel after seeing the paper (不超过5个词)
__________________________________
3. What does the story teach the writer (不超过15个词)
_________________________________