Unit5What are the shirts made of知识点精析 人教版英语九年级全册

人教九年级上册 Unit5知识点精析
人教版（新标准）初中英语知识点精析
九年级上册 Unit 5
What are the shirts made of 衬衫是用什么制成的？
重点
● 被动语态的构成和用法
● 熟练运用本单元中由重点短语构成的句型
难点
·主动语态和被动语态的相互转化
语法
·一般现在时的被动语态
Section A
重点单词
chopstick 筷子 coin硬币
fork餐叉；叉子 blouse(女式）短上衣；衬衫
silver银；银器；银色的 glass 玻璃
cotton棉；棉花 steel钢；钢铁
fair 展览会；交易会 grass草；草地
leaf叶；叶子 produce生产；制造；出产
widely 广泛地；普遍地 process 加工；处理；过程
France 法国 product产品；制品
local当地的；本地的 avoid 避免；回避
mobile 可移动的；非固定的 handbag 小手提包
boss老板；上司 everyday每天的；日常的
surface表面；表层 Germany 德国
material材料；原料 traffic交通；路上行驶的车辆
postman邮递员 cap帽子
glove手套
重点短语
be made of 由……制成
be good for对……有好处
in fact 事实上；实际上
be known for以……闻名/为人知晓
by hand手工；亲手
重点句型
1. What are these things usually made of
这些东西通常是用什么制成的？
2. Well, as far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.
哦，据我所知，茶树是在山坡上种植的。
3. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.
似乎世界各地的很多人都喝中国茶。
4. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.
不管你会买什么，你可能认为那些产品是产自那些国家的。
Section B
重点单词
its 它的 International 国际的
form形式；类型 balloon气球
lively生气勃勃的；(色彩）鲜艳的 scissors(pl.)剪刀
heat高温，热；加热，变热 complete 完成
重点短语
find out搞清楚，弄明白，发现
send out发送
in trouble处于困境中
send...to...把……送到/发送给......
be covered with被……覆盖
tum...into...把…变成
invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事
rise into 上升到......
重点句型
1. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty.
从纸到黏土再到竹子，这些最普通的东西被转变成精美的物品。
2. He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.
当陷入困境时他把它们发送出去寻求帮助。
3. They are made of bamboo and covered with paper.
它们由竹子制成并用纸覆盖。
Section A 知识点精析
1.What are these things usually made of 这些东西通常是用什么制成的？
要点精析1
● 本句是含被动语态的句子。
● 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”“受”“给”等词来表示被动意义。
●被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例：The door is opened by him.这扇门被他打开了。
要点精析2
be made of意为“用……制成的”，表示一般从成品能够看出原材料，或发生的是物理变化。
例：The chair is made of wood.这把椅子是用木头制成的。
This salad is made of apples and strawberries.这种沙拉是用苹果和草莓做的。知识拓展
①be made from“由……制成”，一般从成品看不出原材料，或发生的是化学变化。
例：Bread is made from wheat.面包是用小麦做的。
②be made in"产自……”，指的是产地。
例：The caps are made in Russia.这些帽子产自俄罗斯。
③be made up of“由……构成”，一般是由多个部分构成。
例：Water is made up of oxygen and hydrogen.水由氧和氢构成。
2.China is famous for tea, right 中国以茶而著名，对吗？
要点精析
be famous for意为“以……而著名”，主要有以下三种用法：
(1)主语是表示人的名词或代词时，表示“以某种知识技能、作品或特征而著名”。
例：He is famous for his novels.他以他的小说而著名。
(2)主语为地点名词时，表示“以某种特产或特征而著名”。
例：Weifang is famous for kites.潍坊以风筝而著名。
(3)主语为事物名词时，表示“以其内容、特征价值等而被人所知”。
例：What is your hometown famous for 你的家乡以什么而闻名？
知识拓展
①be famous as意为“作为……而出名”。
例：Mo Yan is famous as a writer.莫言作为一名作家而闻名。
②be famous to意为“为……所熟知”。
例：The old man is famous to the people all over the world.
这位老人为全世界的人所熟知。
3. Well, as far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. 哦，据我所知，茶树是在山上种植的。
要点精析1
as far as意为”据我所知“。
·其中 as far as作从属连词，为“就……的限度；到……程度”，引导状语从句，强调程度或范围，从句中常用动词know, see等。
例：He isn't coming today, as far as I know.据我所知，他今天不来了。
要点精析2
grow在这里是及物动词，意为“种植；栽培”，过去式是grew,过去分词是grown。
例：They are growing rice.他们正在种植水稻。
知识拓展
grow作不及物动词，意为“生长；成长”，grow up意为“成长；长大”。
例：I want to be a doctor when I grow up.我想长大后当一名医生。
小贴士
指种植花草时，用grow或plant均可；指种植树木时，一般用plant;指种植农作物时，一般用grow。
例：We have grown/planted a lot of flowers this summer.
这个夏天，我们栽培了许多花儿。
Many families own plots of land to grow food.
家庭都有自己的小块土地种植粮食。
要点精析3
on the sides of mountains意为“在山上，在山腰上”。
例：There are many flowers on the sides of mountains.山坡上有许多花儿。
4. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.当叶子长好时，它们被手工采摘，然后被送去加工。
要点精析1
在when引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词表示的动作可以是延续性的，也可以是非连续性的，可与主句中谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，也可在其后发生。
例：I was just reading a book when she came into room.
她走进我房间时，我刚好正在看书。
要点精析2
leaf名词，意为“叶；叶子”，复数形式是leaves。
例：This tree has green leaves throughout the year.这棵树四季常青。
知识拓展
以-f/-fe结尾的可数名词变复数时，把-f或-fe变为-ve,再加s。
例：shelf→shelves架子 thief→thieves小偷wolf→wolves狼 knife→knives刀 wife→wives妻子 self→selves自己 half→halves一半 life→lives生命
要点精析3
by hand 意为“手工；亲手”。
例：All these toys are made by hand, not on a machine.
所有这些玩具都是手工制作的，不是机器制造的。
辨析 by hand, in hand, at hand 与 on hand
by hand相当于副词的用法，意为“用手工做，由专人递送”
in hand 相当于形容词或副词的用法，意为“在手里/手边；进行中；掌握中”
at hand相当于形容词或副词的用法，意为“即将来到的；在手边”，常与close, near连用
on hand意为“在手上，在身上”
例：Her sweater is knitted by hand.她的毛衣是手工编织的。
The police had the riot in hand.警察控制了暴动。
I always keep a dictionary at hand.我经常把词典放在手边。
Do you have any money on hand 你手头上有钱吗？
要点精析4
process动词，意为“加工；处理”。
例：Most of the food we buy is processed in some way.
我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。
知识拓展
process 还可作可数名词，意为“过程”。
例：It will be a slow process.这将是一个缓慢的过程。
5.What happens next 后来又发生了什么？
要点精析
happen意为“发生”，是不及物动词。主要有以下三种用法：
(1)"Sth.+happens/happened+地点/时间."意为“某地/某时发生了某事”。
例：The accident happened on the road.事故是在这条公路上发生的。
(2)Sth.+happens/happened to+sb.意为“某人出了某事（常指不好的事情发生在某人身上）”。
例：What happened to him 他出什么事了？
(2)Sb.+happens/happened+to do sth.意为“某人碰巧做某事”
例：He happened to make it to the goal.他恰巧实现了他的目标。
小贴士
"It happens/happened that...”的句型中that从句中的主语是人时，此句型可以与“Sb.+happens/happened+to do sth."句型互换。
例：It happened that Peter was at home that day.=Peter happened to be at home that day.碰巧那天彼得在家。
辨析 happen与 take place
两者都为不及物动词（短语）,不可用于被动语态中
happen 一般用来强调某事发生的偶然性
take place表示发生事先安排的或有准备的事情
例：I don't know how this happened.我不知道这事怎么发生的。
If something happens to the machine, please let me know.
如果机器出了什么问题，请通知我。
The sports meeting took place in our school last week.
上周我们学校举行了一场运动会。
The film festival takes place in October.电影节将于十月举行。
6. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.
似乎世界各地的很多人都喝中国茶。
要点精析1
it seems/seemed that...意为“看起来好像……；似乎……”，that后跟一个句子。
例：It seems that he likes his new job.他看起来好像很喜欢他的新工作。
It seems that he is lying.他看起来好像在撒谎。
链接中考
(辽宁沈阳中考）-There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.
-It_______
A. feels B. sounds C. seems D.looks
解析：句意：“有乌云，风很大。”“看起来好像台风要来了。”表示“看起来好像………”用It seems that.,句型。选C。
要点精析2
all over the world"遍及世界各地；全世界；世界各地”，与 around the world 同义
例：Our friends are all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。
7. Yes, people say that tea is good for both health and business!
是的，人们说茶对健康和生意都有好处！
要点精析1
be good for意为”对……有好处“。
例：Eating more vegetables is good for your health.多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。
辨析 be good for, be good at与 be good to
be good for意为“对……有好处”，后接名词、代词
be good at“擅长……”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式
be good to“对………友好”，后接名词、代词
例：Exercise is good for your health.锻炼对你的健康有好处。
I'm good at playing chess.我擅长下国际象棋。
My friend was good to me when I was ill.我生病时我的朋友对我关怀备至。
要点精析2
both...and...,意为“既……又……；和……都”，连接两个并列的成分（可以是名词、形容词、代词等）,其反义词组为 neither...nor...意为“既不......也不......”。
例：Both he and I are from Beijing.我和他都来自北京。
Neither he nor I am from Beijing.我和他都不是来自北京。
小贴士
both...and...连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；neither...nor...连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与nor后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
8. If you go to another country, what kinds of things would you buy 如果你去其他国家，你想买哪些种类的东西？
要点精析
● 本句中if引导的是条件状语从句。
在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中，如果主句用一般将来时，那么从句要用一般现在时表将来，即循“主将从现”原则。
例：I'll tell him the news if I meet him.如果我遇见他，我将告诉他这个消息。
链接中考
(新疆中考） Nobody knows if he___. If he____ here, I'll call you at once.
A. will come; will arrive B. will come; arrives C. comes; will arrive D. comes: arrives
解析：由句子结构可知，第一句是含有宾语从句的主从复合句，当主句用一般现在时态时，宾语从句可以根据具体情况使用任何时态。由第一句句意“没有人知道他是否会来”可知，要用一般将来时；第二句是含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句，主句用了一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。选B。
9. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.
不管你会买什么，你可能认为那些产品是产自那些国家的。
要点精析
"no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”表示“不管/无论……都……”，它们都可引导让步状语从句，可以互换。
例： No matter what happened. he would not mind. =Whatever happened, he would not mind.无论发生了什么，他都不会介意的。
辨析 no matter what 与 whatever
no matter what只能引导状语从句
whatever 既可引导状语从句，又可引导名词性从句
知识拓展
"no matter+疑问词”与“疑问词-ever”同义。
例：no matter what=whatever 无论什么
no matter who=whoever无论谁
no matter when= whenever 无论何时
no matter where=wherever无论在哪里
no matter how= however 无论怎样
链接中考
(四川眉山中考）No matter___________, you must follow the school rules.
A. where are you B. what do you do C. who are you D. who you are解析：句意：无论你是谁，你必须遵守学校规则。表示“无论谁”用no matter who,引导让步状语从句，其语序用陈述语序。选D。
要点精析2
product名词，可指“（人工的）产品、制成品”；也可指“（自然的）产物”。
例：The country's main product is gold.这个国家的主要物产是黄金。
10. He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China.
他发现了一件有趣的事情，那就是当地的商店里很多产品产自中国。
要点精析1
. "find it+形容词+that..."意为“发现/觉得/认为......是……的”。
·其中it作形式宾语，that从句为真正的宾语，形容词作宾语补足语。
例：I find it amazing that they are friends.他们居然是朋友，我觉得这太神奇了。
要点精析2
local形容词，意为“当地的；本地的”，一般用于名词前作定语。
例：My grandfather is reading a local newspaper.我爷爷正在读一份当地的报纸。
11. He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China. 他意识到美国人几乎不能避免买到中国产品。
要点精析1
hardly副词，意为”几乎不“，相当于almost not。
例：Helen was so excited at the news that she could hardly say a word.
海伦对于这个消息如此激动，她几乎说不出一句话。
知识拓展
hardly表达否定意义，构成否定句，变反意疑问句时后面要用肯定形式。
例：She can hardly write her own name, can she
她几乎不能写她自己的名字，是吗？
小贴士
hardly不是hard的副词形式，hardly是一个独立的单词。
例：He worked very hard and he hardly took a day off.
他工作非常努力，几乎没有休过一天班。
要点精析2
avoid动词，意为“避免”，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。
例：To avoid the city center, turn right here please.
如果要避开市中心，请从这里右转。
Why do you avoid answering my questions 你为什么逃避回答我的问题？
链接中考
(湖北黄冈中考）-China is getting better and better at making high-technology products.
-That's right. People around the world can hardly avoid________ products made in China.
A. not buying B. not to buy C. to buy D. buying
解析：avoid后面只能接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，不能接动词不定式，排除B、C两项。avoid doing sth.为国定搭配，意为“避免做某事”。句意：“中国在制造高科技产品方面正变得越来越好。”“说得对。全世界的人几乎都不能避免买中国制造的产品。”故选D。
12."In fact," he continues...“事实上，"他继续说......
要点精析
in fact意为“事实上；实际上”，起强调作用。
例：Once you learn to do this, you can do it any time. In fact, all the time.
一旦你学会做这件事，你就可以在任何时候去做。实际上，每时每刻你都能做。
Section B知识点精析
1. Launa is trying to find out more about... 劳拉正在尽力弄清更多关于......
要点精析
find out意为“搞清楚，弄明白，发现”。
例：Find out what you have to do.找出你不得不做的事情。
辨析 find out与find
find out 强调过程，指通过观察、探索、调查等努力发现或搞清楚一些抽象的东西
find 强调结果，通常接较为具体的东西
例：How do we find out that 我们怎么去发现那一点？
I helped him(to) find his wallet.我帮他找到了他的钱包。
2....went on a vacation to Weifang.......去潍坊度假。
要点精析
vacation名词，意为“假期，休假”，同义词为holiday。
. take a vacation 度假，休假；on vacation在休假中，在度假。
例：We are on vacation.我们正在度假。
Let me show you the photographs from my vacation.
让我给你看一看我假期里拍的照片。
【助记】
on vacation 在度假
辨析vacation与holiday
vacation在英国，指大学的寒假或法定不工作的日子；在美国，可指任何假日（期）
holiday”假日，休息日“，主要指按风俗习惯或法律规定的纪念日及休息日。其复数形式可表示延续一段时间的”假期“，美式英语中则习惯用单数形式
例：We spent our summer holidays/vacation in the countryside this year.
今年我们在乡村度过了假。
Tom and I are going to have a holiday.我和汤姆准备去度假。
小贴士
在表示每年例行的休假时，如新年、圣诞节等，英国用 holiday,美国用 vacation;在不明确的情况两者一般可以互换使用。
3. The international kite festival is held in April every year.
国际风筝节每年在四月举行。
要点精析1
international形容词，意为“国际的”。
例：International trade helps all nations to develop.
国际贸易有助于所有的国家发展。
We need a peaceful international environment.我们需要和平的国际环境。
【助记】
Inter-(前缀，在……之间）+national(国家的）→international(国际的）
要点精析2
hold(held, held)此处用作及物动词，意为“举办，举行”.
例：They will hold a meeting to discuss this problem tomorrow.
他们明天将开会讨论这个问题。
4. The competitors at the festival are from all over the world.
风筝节上的参赛者来自世界各地。
要点精析1
competitor可数名词，意为“参赛者；竞争者”，是由动词compete(竞争；比赛）去e加-itor构成的名词，表示动作的执行者。
例：That company is a strong competitor for us.
对于我们来说，那家公司是强有力的竟争者。
知识拓展
competition可数名词，意为“比赛；竞争”。
例：Who won the competition 谁赢了这次比赛？
要点精析2
be from意为“来自”。
·其中be是连系动词，有人称和数的变化。
● 同义短语为come from。
例：They are from England.=They come from England.他们来自英格兰。
5. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty.
从纸到粘土再到竹子，这些最普通的东西被转变成精美的物品。
要点精析
turn...into...意为“把……变成……”。
例：Water can be turned into ice.水可以变成冰。
知识拓展
含有turn的常见短语：
①by turns“轮流；交替”；in turn”“依次”
例：We did the work by turns.我们轮流做这项工作。
We will cross the bridge in turn.我们将依次过桥。
②turn down“关小（收音机等的音量）",turn up“开大（收音机等的音量）”，是一对反义词组；turn in“上交”。
例：The TV is pretty loud.Can you turn It down a little
电视机声音太大了，你能关小一点儿吗？
I can't hear the radio very well. Could you turn it up a bit
我听不太清收音机。你能把它开大一点儿吗？
Turn in your homework,please.请把家庭作业交上来。
③turn off 关掉（收音机、电灯、水龙头等）”。
例：Turn off the light before you go out.你出去时要关灯。
6. He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.
当陷入困境时他把它们发送出去寻求帮助。
要点精析1
send out意为“发送；放出；发出（光亮等）;派遣”。
例：The ship sent out a message for help.这艘船发报求援。
The sun sends out light and heat.太阳发出光和热。
Then they sent out five medical teams.后来他们派出了五个医疗队。
小贴士
send out是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语，代词作宾语时，代词要放在动词与副词之间。
例：Make sure you send it out in time.你务必把它及时发送出去。
要点精析2
in trouble意为“处于困境中，处于麻烦中；处于困扰中”，表示状态。get into trouble意为“陷入困境”，表示动作。
例：They did their best to help the people in trouble.
他们尽最大努力帮助在困难中的人们。
He always offers his help when I am in trouble.
每当我陷入困境时，他总伸出援助之手。
知识拓展
trouble的用法：
①作名词，意为“麻烦；烦扰；困难”。
例：I don't want to be any trouble to you.我不想打找你。
Repairing this computer is more trouble than it's worth.
这台电脑修起来挺麻烦，不值得修。
②作动词，意为“麻烦；打扰”。
例：May I trouble you to give me a hand 劳驾你帮我一下好吗？
Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you!不要庸人自扰！
链接中考
(山西中考）-Xiao Jie is a good friend indeed. He is always there whenever I am______.
-I think so. He is just like the cute Baymax(大白）.
A.in trouble B.in style C.in order
解析：in trouble意为“陷入困境，遇上麻烦”；in style意为“别具风格地；时髦地”；in order意为“并然有序”。由第一句句意“萧杰是一位真正的好朋友”可推知“在我遇到麻烦时他总是在那里”。故选A。
7. They are made of bamboo and covered with paper.
它们由竹子制成并用纸覆盖。
要点精析
be covered with意为“被……覆盖；用……盖着”。
例：The mountain was covered with snow all the year round.
这座山一年到头都被雪覆盖着。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is covered with water.
昨晚一定下过雨，因为地上到处都是水。
【助记】
The table is covered with a tablecloth.这张桌子盖着一张桌布。
8. When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons for all to see.当灯笼被点燃时，它们会慢慢升到空中，就像大家看到的小型热气球。
要点精析1
此处的lit是light的过去分词形式。light作及物动词，意为“点燃”。其过去式和过去分词均为lit。
例：He stopped to light a cigarette.他停下来点了一支烟。
要点精析2
slowly副词，意为“慢地；缓慢地”，在句中作状语，修饰动词。
例：She opened the door slowly.她慢慢地打开了门。
The sky slowly changed from blue into red.天空慢慢地由蓝色变成了红色。
要点精析3
arise动词，意为“上升；升起；上涨；升高；增加”。
例：The sun has not yet risen.太阳还没升起来。
辨析 rise, lift与raise
rise不及物动词，意为”升起，上升“，侧重由低到高的变化过程，也可指物价“上涨”；其过去式、过去分词分别是rose和risen,现在分词是rising
lift指用体力或机械力把某物从地面举到一定的高度，一般可与raise换用raise及物动词，意为“升起，举起”，在表示“举起”时，可以和lift互换使用，还可以表示晋升职位、提高工资等。其过去式和过去分词都是raised,现在分词是
raising
例：Prices continue to rise.物价继续上涨。
The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太重了，我举不起来。
He was raised to an important position.他被提拔到一个重要的职位。
9. Parents and students were invited to the school concert last night昨天晚上，父母和同学们被邀请参加学校音乐会。
要点精析
invite动词，意为“邀请”。名词形式为Invitation。
例：I invite you to dance.我邀请你去跳舞。
Thanks for your invitation.谢谢你的逃请。
知识拓展
①invite sb. to a place邀请某人到某地
例：Don't invite strangers to your house.不要邀请陌生人到你的家里。
invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事
例：He invites me to have dinner with him.他邀请我与他共进晚餐。
【助记】
I invite you to dance.我邀请你去跳舞。
Thanks for your invitation.谢谢你的邀请。
人教版（新标准）初中英语课文参考翻译
九年级上册 Unit 5
Section A
Language Goal :Talk about what products are made of and where they were made
语言目标：谈论产品是用什么制成的，在哪里制造的
1a What are these things usually made of Match them with the materials.More than one answer is possible.
这些东西通常是用什么制成的？将它们和材料搭配起来。答案可能不唯一。
Things东西
1.chopsticks 筷子 2.window 窗户
3.coin硬币 4.stamp 邮票
5.fork餐叉d.纸 6.blouse衬衫
Materials材料
a. wood 木头 b. gold 黄金
c. silver银 d. paper纸
e. silk丝绸 f. glass玻璃
-Hey, do you think this ring looks OK 嘿，你觉得这枚戒指好看吗？
-Hmm...yes, I think it's quite pretty. Is it made of silver
……是的，我觉得它相当漂亮。它是用银制成的吗？
-Yes, and it was made in Thailand.是的，而且它产自泰国。
2d Role-play the conversation.分角色表演对话。
Pam: China is famous for tea, right 帕姆：中国以茶而著名，对吗？
Liu Jun: Yes, both in the past and now. 刘军：是的，过去和现在都是。
Pam: Where is tea produced in China 帕姆：茶产自中国哪里？
Liu Jun: Well, in many different areas. For example, Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea. 刘军：哦，产自许多不同的地区。例如，安溪和杭州都以茶而远近闻名。
Pam: How is tea produced 帕姆：茶是怎么生产的？
Liu Jun: Well, as far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.
刘军：噢，据我所知，茶树是在山坡上种植的。当叶子长好时，它们被手工采摘，然后被送去加工。
Pam: What happens next 帕姆：后来又发生了什么？
Liu Jun: The tea is packed and sent to many different countries and places around China.
刘军：茶被包装并送往不同的国家和中国周边的地区。
Pam: It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.
帕姆：似乎世界各地的很多人都喝中国茶。
Liu Jun: Yes, people say that tea is good for both health and business!
刘军：是的，人们说茶对健康和生意都有好处。
3a Read the passage. What two things did Kang Jian want to buy in America Where were they made 读短文。康建在美国想买哪两样东西？它们产自哪里？
The Difficult Search for American 在美国很难找到美国商品
Products in the US If you go to another country, what kinds of things would you buy Would you buy camera in Japan, some beautiful clothes in France, or a watch in Switzerland. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries. However, you could be wrong. Kang Jian is a17-year-old student from Shanghai. Last year he went to visit his aunt and uncle in San Francisco. He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China." I wanted to buy a toy car for my cousin, but even though most of the toys were American brands, they were made in China."
如果你去其他国家，你想买哪些种类的东西？在日本你想买一部相机，在法国想买一些漂亮的衣服，还是在瑞士买一块手表？不管你会买什么，你可能认为那些产品是产自那些国家的，然而，你可能错了。康建是一个17岁的上海学生，去年他去旧金山看望他的姑姑和姑父，他发现了一件有趣的事，那就是当地的商店里很多产品产自中国，“我想买一个玩具汽车给我表弟，可尽管这些玩具大多数是美国商标，它们却产自中Toys are not the only things made in China." I wanted to buy a pair of basketball shoes," he explains" But I had to visit five or six stores before finding
a pair made in America!" He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China. "In fact," he continue, "there were many other things there made in China-footballs, handbags, pet food, mobile phones. Even American flags are made in China!" Kang Jian thinks it's great that China is so good at making these everyday things. However, he hopes that in the future China will also get better at making high-technology products that people can buy in all parts of the world.
产自中国的不仅仅是玩具。“我想买一双球鞋，”他解释说。“但是我不得不到五六家商店才找到一双美国制造的篮球鞋！”他意识到美国人几乎不能避免买到中国产品。“事实上，”他继续说，“在那里还有许多其他的东西产自中国——足球、手提包、宠物食品、移动电话，甚至美国国旗都产自中国！康建认为中国如此擅长生产这些日常用品是很伟大的。然而，他希望未来中国在制造高科技产品上也会做得更好，这样人们在世界各地都能买到这些产品。
Grammar Focus
Are your shirt made of cartoon 你的衬衫是棉花做的吗？
Yes, they are. And they were made in the US是的，它们是。而且它们产自美国。What's the model plane made of 这个飞机模型是用什么制成的？
It's made of used wood and glass.它是用用过的木头和玻璃制成的。
Where is tea produced in China 茶产自中国哪里？
It's produced in many different areas. 它产自许多不同的地区。
How is tea produced 茶是怎样生产的？
Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.
茶树是在山坡上种植的。当叶子长好时，它们被手工采摘，然后被送去加工。
Active Voice. People grow tea in Hangzhou主动语态：人们在杭州种植茶。
Passive Voice. Tea is grown (by people)in Hangzhou.
被动语态：茶在杭州被（人们）种植。
Section B
2b Read the passage and complete the chart below.读短文，完成下面的表格。
MOVING FROM GENERAL TO SPECIFIC 从总体到具体
A general introduction of the topic is usually followed by specific details and examples.主题的总体介绍之后通常跟着具体的细节和例子。
Beauty in Common Things普通事物中的美
Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art. These usually try to show the things that are important in life, such as love, beauty and family. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned in to objects of beauty.
中国每个不同的地方都有它自己特有的传统艺术形式，这些（艺术形式）通常设法表现那些在生活中重要的东西，如爱、美和家庭。从纸到黏土再到竹子，这些最普通的东西被转变成精美的物品。
According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge kongming. He sent them out for help when in trouble. Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations. They are made of bamboo and covered with paper: when the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons for all to see. They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good
wishes
根据中国历史，孔明灯是由诸葛孔明首先使用的。当陷入困境时他把它们发出去寻求帮助，今天，孔明灯被用在节日和其他庆典中。它们由竹子制成并用纸覆盖。当灯被点燃时，它们会慢慢升到空中，就像大家看到的小型热气球。它们被看作幸福和美好祝愿的光明象征。
Paper cutting has been around for over 1, 500 years. Paper cutting sounds very easy but it can be difficult to do. The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors. The most common pictures are flowers, animals, and things about Chinese history. During the Spring Festival, they are put on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year.
剪纸已经有大约1500多年的历史了。剪纸听起来非常简单，但做起来可能会很难。纸张通常是红色的，用剪刀剪之前先折叠。最常见的图是花、动物和有关中国历史的事物。春节期间，它们作为好运和新年快乐的象征被贴在窗户上、门上和墙上。
Chinese clay art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they look very real. The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story. The pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry. After drying, they are fired at a very high heat. They are then polished and painted. It takes several weeks to complete everything. These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty.
中国泥塑艺术很著名，因为泥塑作品很小，但它们看起来非常逼真。这些作品通常是可爱的小孩儿或中国神话传说或历史故事中生动的人物角色。这些作品是由一种非常特别的黏土用手工精心制作成型，随后风干的。干后，它们在高温中烧，然后被打磨、绘画。完成这一切要花几周时间。这些小的泥塑艺术作品展现了所有中国人对生活和美的热爱。