(共65张PPT)
教材知识讲练
必修三册
Unit 2 Making a difference
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)They'll come rushing in, saying their handbag's been stolen．
2．(心理描写)(2020·天津卷)Jones was shocked when she said that she didn't actually mind being cheated．
3．(景物描写)(2022·杭州市适应性考试)It was a cold, gray February morning, a typical winter's day in New York．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·武汉市模拟)As I looked back from the driver's seat, I saw a messy young man dressed in rags playing his guitar．His brown skinny dog rested next to him near an old cardboard sign, reading, “Homeless, please help．”
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no _______(far) than Youth Station．
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you ______(earn) and respect those who did the work, he told me．
further
earned
核
心
单
词
检
测 3．(2019·江苏卷)Scientists _____________(obtain) more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body．
4．Washing hands often is one of the _________(effect) ways to avoid being infected by diseases．
5．During the time when he was in trouble, I _____(aid) him with money．
have obtained
effective
aided
派生单词检测 1．There was a ________ of water _______ after the earthquake hit the area．(short)
2．They are not ______ my aunt and uncle．In _________，they are my neighbours．(real)
3．He is a man with a physical __________ so there are facilities for ________ people in his house．(disable)
4．No one came to his __________ except a shop _________．(assist)
5．She is not a ________ girl and therefore very _________ to criticism．(sense)
shortage
shortly
really
reality
disability
disabled
assistance
assistant
sensible
sensitive
高频短语检测 rise to one's feet，make a difference，set up，turn out，benefit from, break into a smile，look across
1．For all these years, I have been working for others．I'm hoping I'll ______ my own business some day．
2．If we are to _________________ in life, it's very important that we should begin with small things．
set up
make a difference
高频短语检测 3．After helping clean the window, he _____________ the room to see if there was anything else he could do．
4．The little girl saw her birthday presents and __________________．
5．The experiment, though they tried their best, __________ to be a failure．
looked across
broke into a smile
turned out
重点句式检测 1．若全面考虑，锻炼不仅有益于我们的健康，而且能提高我们的学习效率。(独立主格结构)
_______________________，not only does exercise benefit our health but also it can improve our learning efficiency．
2．重要的不是你读了多少书，而是你读了什么书。(not...but...)
It is ________________________________________that counts．
All things considered
not how much you read but what you read
重点句式检测 3．俗话说得好：诚实是知识之门的金钥匙。(as引导的定语从句)
_______________________，“Honesty is the golden key to the door of knowledge．”
As the saying goes well
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 relief [课本义] n．减轻，缓解[增补义] n．安慰；救济
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·天津5月卷)—You seem to be in a really good mood．
—I finished my last test today．What _ relief! Now I'm free．
②(2020·江苏卷)Quality counts less than attitude and effort—even a stupid joke can relieve others __ risk and embarrassment．
a
of
完美写作——一句多译
令我们欣慰的是，最终我们帮助他们解决了困难。
③_______________，we help them out of trouble finally．
④It is a relief ______________ them out of trouble finally．(带逻辑主语的不定式)
To our relief
for us to help
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?to one's relief令人感到欣慰的是
?with/in relief欣慰地，宽慰地
?It is a relief for sb．to do sth．某人做某事是放心的/舒心的。
?What a relief！多么令人欣慰啊！
?relieve v．减轻，缓和；缓解
?relieve sb．of...缓和/减轻某人的……
?relieved adj．宽慰的；欣慰的
语料输入——必备素材
?make a sigh of relief 松了一口气
?relieve the pressure of learning缓解学习压力
?be relieved of their burdens 他们如释重负
2 hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·天津5月卷)—Tim has difficulty in making decisions．
— That's it．He's still hesitating___________ whether to take the job．
②Please have no hesitation __ writing to me if you are in trouble．
about/over
in
完美写作——一句多译
如果你有任何问题，一定要毫不犹豫地向我们求助。
③If you have any questions, don't ____________________________．
④If you have any questions，do ______________________________．
hesitate to turn to us for help
turn to us for help without hesitation
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?hesitate to do sth．迟疑做某事
?hesitate about /in /at /over (doing) sth．对(做)某事犹豫不决
?hesitation n．踌躇；犹豫
?without hesitation毫不犹豫地
?have no hesitation in doing sth．毫不犹豫地做某事
语料输入——必备素材
hesitate about whether to drive or take the train 对于开车去还是坐火车去犹豫不决
3 major [课本义] adj．重要的，主要的[增补义] adj．多数的；主修的 v．主修 n．主修课程，专业
练中回想——语法填空
①When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major___ comparative literature．
②When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect the opinion of the_________ (major)．
in
majority
完美写作——词汇升级
③Some people gave up halfway，but many participants made it to the finishing line．
→Some people gave up halfway，but __________________participants made it to the finishing line．
the/a majority of
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?major in主修
?majority n．多数；大多数
?a/the majority of...大多数……
?be in the/a majority占大多数
?minority n．少数
语料输入——必备素材
?major in computer programming in the university 在大学主修计算机程序设计
?a major problem with parking in many big cities 在许多大城市停车是个大问题
4 break into a smile 突然笑起来
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·天津5月卷)—The machine is working again!
—Yes, it broke ____ yesterday, but it has been fixed．
②When the fighting broke _____，George thought it better to get out before it was too late, so he came back to England．
③While I was explaining my point of view, he broke __ to argue with me．
down
out
in
完美写作——续写佳句之动作描写
④好消息一宣布，孩子们就欢呼起来。
Instantly the good news was announced, ________________________．
the children broke into cheers
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?break into 闯入；突然……起来
?break in打断；插嘴；强行进入
?break out爆发；突然发生
?break through突破；克服
?break down(身体)垮掉；(机器)出故障；失败，(使)分解为
?break off折断；中断；突然中止
语料输入——必备素材
?break down under the pressure of work 身体在工作压力下垮掉了
?break off with his friend与他朋友断绝了关系
5 rise to one's feet 站起身来
①(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he __________________________and cried, “I have a great idea！”
②I found an old man fell into a pool, but quickly he _____________________．
sprang/jumped to his feet
struggled to his feet
完美写作——续写佳句之动作描写
③听到一个奇怪的声音，这个小男孩快速地站起来跑了。
Hearing a strange noise, the little boy______________________________________．
quickly rose to his feet and ran
away
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来
?jump/spring/leap to one's feet 跳起来
?set foot on/in进入；踏上
?stand on one's own feet自立；独立自主
语料输入——必备素材
?rise to his feet to answer the question 他站起身来回答问题
?struggle to his feet, out of breath 挣扎着站起来，上气不接下气
6 [教材原句]Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don't I help？”，but “How can I help today？”．
如今，瑞安已长大成人，他说现在的问题不再是“我为什么不去帮助他们”，而是“如今我该如何去帮助他们”。
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)By day, Robert Titterman is a lawyer．In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician ___ as her page turner．
②Not only the students but also their teacher ___(be) enjoying the film now．
but
is
完美写作——句式升级
③As for the environmental protection, not what we say but what we do makes a difference．
→As for the environmental protection，_________________________________________________________．(强调句型)
it is not what we say but what
we do that makes a difference
练后归纳——句法分析
?“not...but...”连接的两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则，即要与邻近的主语保持一致；
?遵循就近原则的结构还有：
either...or...或者……或者……
neither...nor...既不……也不……
not only...but (also)...不但……而且……
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
The value of life lies not in the length of days, but in the use that we make of them．
生命的价值不在于活了多少天，而在于我们如何利用这些日子。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2019·北京卷)If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never hesitates ______(buy) them a meal．
2．To our great ______(relieve), the missing child returned home ten days later，tired but healthy．
to buy
relief
3．One-third of the country is covered with trees and the_________(major) of the citizens ___(be) immigrants．
4．At the sight of his mother，the boy in the garden ______(leap) to his feet and ran to her．
5．Either you or one of your students __(be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow．
majority
are
leapt
is
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．It was not his words ___ his kindness and honesty that moved those who were present．
2．While he majored __ philosophy and literature，he has no passion in either subject．
3．After he was knocked down by a car which escaped immediately，he struggled __ his feet and called 120．
4．The parents broke ____ a smile when they heard their son had been admitted into a key university．
but
in
to
into
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·全国甲卷) When _____________(contribute) were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others．
contributions
2．(2021·北京卷) A survey of scientists found that extreme weather events, food insecurity, and freshwater _________(shortage) might create global collapse．
3．From a young age, my parents have taught me the importance of giving __________(generous) to the less fortunate．
4．To be frank，without my English teacher's encouragement and __________ (assist)，I wouldn't have made such great progress in English learning．
shortages
generously
assistance
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Crowds of people turned ___ to watch the charity performance held in the national stadium．
2．If we learn some knowledge of first aid，it can make _ real difference in time of accidents．
out
a
3．I followed his eyes and looked ______ the room to the children who were drawing on the table．
4．Now a recent Canadian study suggests that a young baby benefiting ____ interactive music classes has better communication skills than one who takes a less-active class．
across
from
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·全国甲卷)According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5，500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status．_
A．资金；现款 B．基金会 C．储存，储备
B
2．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)In Samarkand，Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders，while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing．_
A．毒品 B．药物
C．药材
A
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Last year it recovered more than 807，500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的)produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields．
化繁为简本句为复合句。句中by taking donations and...in fields为介词短语作________；that otherwise would have rotted in fields为that引导的____从句，修饰_______。
[尝试翻译]去年，它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品回收了超过807 500磅的食物，否则这些农产品会在地里腐烂。
方式状语
定语
produce
2．(2022·全国乙卷) It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar，putting them at a higher risk of the disease．
化繁为简本句It为________，that引导____从句；putting them at a higher risk of the disease为v．-ing形式短语作________。
[尝试翻译]人们认为，现在的儿童和青少年摄入的糖是推荐量的三倍，这使得他们患此类疾病的风险更高。
形式主语
主语
结果状语
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
On June 29，2021，Zhang Guimei 1．___________(award) the highest honour of the Communist Party of China－the July 1 Medal for her 2．____________ (contribute) to rural education．
was awarded
contribution
Intending to escape from reality after her husband passed away because of cancer，she moved to Huaping County in Lijiang, 3．_____ the generous teacher started her mission．Seeing the poverty in the mountain and the tragedies that had happened to young girls, she was 4．__________(determine) to find an effective method to help them out．She figured out the major problem was education．
where
determined
At first she was laughed at by people in the territory 5．____ they knew that she wanted to set up a free girls-only high school．However, Zhang never gave up and began to raise money．She even begged in the streets until her dream was known by the people of the whole country who later 6．______ (fund) the construction of the school．7．______________(donate) all the money she earned, Zhang never hesitates 8．______(aid) her students even though she suffers
when
funded
Having donated
to aid
from more than 20 diseases due to years of heavy work and stress．9．__ her relief，thanks to her perseverance and devotion, the high school develops better and better, having sent more than 1，800 poor girls to universities．They have broadened their horizons in the college and will obtain their certificate．Let's pay our respect to Teacher Zhang Guimei, and hope that she can take care of her health and achieve 10．_______ (far) success．
To
further
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是红星中学高三学生李华，请写一篇英语周记，记述你确定大学专业的过程，内容包括：
1．刚开始在选择大学专业时，不知道如何选择；
2．然后想选择一个将来能改变人们生活的专业；
3．最后看到CCTV News中时代楷模，确定了自己要学的专业。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
During dinner I discussed my major with my parents, but still couldn't make up my mind．When Mom saw me hesitate to make a decision, she encouraged me to do more research．
Later that evening, with the assistance of the Internet，I found a variety of choices．But what I wanted was a profession that could make a difference to people's lives．
The inspiration came unexpectedly with the CCTV News yesterday．On seeing “Role Models of Our Time” appear on the screen, I decided to major in medical science．Mom and Dad were also happy that I had found the compass for my future life．
情感细节描写之“生气”和“愤怒”(一)
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
单词 angry, annoyed, annoying, angrily，anger, annoyance, rage
短语 ①tremble with anger 气得发抖 ②a burst of anger 一股怒火 ③flush with anger 气红了脸 ④get mad/cross at sb．生某人的气 ⑤to one's annoyance 令某人生气的是 ⑥in anger 愤怒地
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表“愤怒”的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①汤姆最近的行为总能让史密斯老师火冒三丈。
Tom's recent behavior would always _____________________________________________________________________________________．
set off Mr．Smith's anger/make
Mr．Smith burst into anger/burn with anger/explode with anger
②史密斯老师发现他的作业又没做完，愤怒地大叫了一声，眼里闪烁着恼怒的光芒。
Finding his homework was unfinished again, Mr．Smith ___________________________________________________．(with复合结构)
③史密斯老师的耐心被消磨光了，给他的父亲打电话愤怒地抱怨。
Mr．Smith, whose patience had worn thin, _____________________________________．
let out a cry of
anger, with his eyes shining with annoyance
called his father to complain
angrily
④当汤姆的父亲得知他的儿子表现如此恶劣时，他无法控制自己的愤怒，用拳头猛捶桌子，“你最好解释一下到底怎么回事！”
Learning his son had been so badly-behaved, Tom‘s father felt _________________________________________，“You'd better explain what's going on！” (动作描写)
so angry that he slammed his fist on the table
⑤汤姆垂头不语。父亲脸色突变，一股怒火像乌云一样笼罩着他的脸。
Tom hung his head and said nothing．His father's color came up, and _____________________________________________．(比喻修辞法)
⑥父亲再也无法控制自己的愤怒，气得冲出房间，狠狠地摔上门。
________________________，his father stormed out of the room, slamming the door furiously behind him．(形容词短语作状语)
a heavy rage came over his face like a dark cloud
Unable to contain his anger续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)They'll come rushing in, saying their handbag's been stolen． 2．(心理描写)(2020·天津卷)Jones was shocked when she said that she didn't actually mind being cheated． 3．(景物描写)(2022·杭州市适应性考试)It was a cold, gray February morning, a typical winter's day in New York． (2022·武汉市模拟)As I looked back from the driver's seat, I saw a messy young man dressed in rags playing his guitar．His brown skinny dog rested next to him near an old cardboard sign, reading, “Homeless, please help．”
核心单词检测 1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further(far) than Youth Station． 2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned(earn) and respect those who did the work, he told me． 3．(2019·江苏卷)Scientists have obtained(obtain) more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body． 4．Washing hands often is one of the effective(effect) ways to avoid being infected by diseases． 5．During the time when he was in trouble, I aided(aid) him with money．
派生单词检测 1．There was a shortage of water shortly after the earthquake hit the area．(short) 2．They are not really my aunt and uncle．In reality, they are my neighbours．(real) 3．He is a man with a physical disability so there are facilities for disabled people in his house．(disable) 4．No one came to his assistance except a shop assistant．(assist) 5．She is not a sensible girl and therefore very sensitive to criticism．(sense)
高频短语检测 rise to one's feet，make a difference，set up，turn out，benefit from, break into a smile，look across
1．For all these years, I have been working for others．I'm hoping I'll set up my own business some day． 2．If we are to make a difference in life, it's very important that we should begin with small things． 3．After helping clean the window, he looked across the room to see if there was anything else he could do． 4．The little girl saw her birthday presents and broke into a smile． 5．The experiment, though they tried their best, turned out to be a failure．
重点句式检测 1．若全面考虑，锻炼不仅有益于我们的健康，而且能提高我们的学习效率。(独立主格结构) All things considered, not only does exercise benefit our health but also it can improve our learning efficiency． 2．重要的不是你读了多少书，而是你读了什么书。(not...but...) It is not how much you read but what you read that counts． 3．俗话说得好：诚实是知识之门的金钥匙。(as引导的定语从句) As the saying goes well，“Honesty is the golden key to the door of knowledge．”
1 relief [课本义] n．减轻，缓解[增补义] n．安慰；救济
①(2020·天津5月卷)—You seem to be in a really good mood．
—I finished my last test today．What a relief! Now I'm free．
②(2020·江苏卷)Quality counts less than attitude and effort—even a stupid joke can relieve others of risk and embarrassment．
令我们欣慰的是，最终我们帮助他们解决了困难。
③To our relief, we help them out of trouble finally．
④It is a relief for us to help them out of trouble finally．(带逻辑主语的不定式)
?to one's relief令人感到欣慰的是
?with/in relief欣慰地，宽慰地
?It is a relief for sb．to do sth．某人做某事是放心的/舒心的。
?What a relief！多么令人欣慰啊！
?relieve v．减轻，缓和；缓解
?relieve sb．of...缓和/减轻某人的……
?relieved adj．宽慰的；欣慰的
?make a sigh of relief 松了一口气
?relieve the pressure of learning缓解学习压力
?be relieved of their burdens 他们如释重负
2 hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫
①(2020·天津5月卷)—Tim has difficulty in making decisions．
— That's it．He's still hesitating about/over whether to take the job．
②Please have no hesitation in writing to me if you are in trouble．
如果你有任何问题，一定要毫不犹豫地向我们求助。
③If you have any questions, don't hesitate to turn to us for help．
④If you have any questions，do turn to us for help without hesitation．
?hesitate to do sth．迟疑做某事
?hesitate about /in /at /over (doing) sth．对(做)某事犹豫不决
?hesitation n．踌躇；犹豫
?without hesitation毫不犹豫地
?have no hesitation in doing sth．毫不犹豫地做某事
hesitate about whether to drive or take the train 对于开车去还是坐火车去犹豫不决
3 major [课本义] adj．重要的，主要的[增补义] adj．多数的；主修的 v．主修 n．主修课程，专业
①When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major in comparative literature．
②When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect the opinion of the majority (major)．
③Some people gave up halfway，but many participants made it to the finishing line．
→Some people gave up halfway，but the/a majority of participants made it to the finishing line．
?major in主修
?majority n．多数；大多数
?a/the majority of...大多数……
?be in the/a majority占大多数
?minority n．少数
?major in computer programming in the university 在大学主修计算机程序设计
?a major problem with parking in many big cities 在许多大城市停车是个大问题
4 break into a smile 突然笑起来
①(2020·天津5月卷)—The machine is working again!
—Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it has been fixed．
②When the fighting broke out, George thought it better to get out before it was too late, so he came back to England．
③While I was explaining my point of view, he broke in to argue with me．
④好消息一宣布，孩子们就欢呼起来。
Instantly the good news was announced, the children broke into cheers．
?break into 闯入；突然……起来
?break in打断；插嘴；强行进入
?break out爆发；突然发生
?break through突破；克服
?break down(身体)垮掉；(机器)出故障；失败，(使)分解为
?break off折断；中断；突然中止
?break down under the pressure of work 身体在工作压力下垮掉了
?break off with his friend与他朋友断绝了关系
5 rise to one's feet 站起身来
①(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang/jumped to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea！”
②I found an old man fell into a pool, but quickly he struggled to his feet．
③听到一个奇怪的声音，这个小男孩快速地站起来跑了。
Hearing a strange noise, the little boy quickly rose to his feet and ran away．
?struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来
?jump/spring/leap to one's feet 跳起来
?set foot on/in进入；踏上
?stand on one's own feet自立；独立自主
?rise to his feet to answer the question 他站起身来回答问题
?struggle to his feet, out of breath 挣扎着站起来，上气不接下气
6 [教材原句]Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don't I help？”，but “How can I help today？”． 如今，瑞安已长大成人，他说现在的问题不再是“我为什么不去帮助他们”，而是“如今我该如何去帮助他们”。
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)By day, Robert Titterman is a lawyer．In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner．
②Not only the students but also their teacher is (be) enjoying the film now．
③As for the environmental protection, not what we say but what we do makes a difference．
→As for the environmental protection，it is not what we say but what we do that makes a difference．(强调句型)
?“not...but...”连接的两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则，即要与邻近的主语保持一致；
?遵循就近原则的结构还有：
either...or...或者……或者……
neither...nor...既不……也不……
not only...but (also)...不但……而且……
The value of life lies not in the length of days, but in the use that we make of them．
生命的价值不在于活了多少天，而在于我们如何利用这些日子。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2019·北京卷)If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never hesitates to buy(buy) them a meal．
2．To our great relief(relieve), the missing child returned home ten days later，tired but healthy．
3．One-third of the country is covered with trees and the majority(major) of the citizens are(be) immigrants．
4．At the sight of his mother，the boy in the garden leapt (leap) to his feet and ran to her．
5．Either you or one of your students is(be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．It was not his words but his kindness and honesty that moved those who were present．
2．While he majored in philosophy and literature，he has no passion in either subject．
3．After he was knocked down by a car which escaped immediately，he struggled to his feet and called 120．
4．The parents broke into a smile when they heard their son had been admitted into a key university．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·全国甲卷) When contributions(contribute) were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others．
2．(2021·北京卷) A survey of scientists found that extreme weather events, food insecurity, and freshwater shortages(shortage) might create global collapse．
3．From a young age, my parents have taught me the importance of giving generously(generous) to the less fortunate．
4．To be frank，without my English teacher's encouragement and assistance (assist)，I wouldn't have made such great progress in English learning．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Crowds of people turned out to watch the charity performance held in the national stadium．
2．If we learn some knowledge of first aid，it can make a real difference in time of accidents．
3．I followed his eyes and looked across the room to the children who were drawing on the table．
4．Now a recent Canadian study suggests that a young baby benefiting from interactive music classes has better communication skills than one who takes a less-active class．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·全国甲卷)According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5，500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status．B
A．资金；现款 B．基金会 C．储存，储备
2．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)In Samarkand，Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders，while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing．A
A．毒品 B．药物
C．药材
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Last year it recovered more than 807，500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的)produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields．
本句为复合句。句中by taking donations and...in fields为介词短语作方式状语；that otherwise would have rotted in fields为that引导的定语从句，修饰produce。
[尝试翻译]去年，它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品回收了超过807 500磅的食物，否则这些农产品会在地里腐烂。
2．(2022·全国乙卷) It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar，putting them at a higher risk of the disease．
本句It为形式主语，that引导主语从句；putting them at a higher risk of the disease为v．-ing形式短语作结果状语。
[尝试翻译]人们认为，现在的儿童和青少年摄入的糖是推荐量的三倍，这使得他们患此类疾病的风险更高。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
On June 29，2021，Zhang Guimei 1．was awarded(award) the highest honour of the Communist Party of China－the July 1 Medal for her 2．contribution (contribute) to rural education．
Intending to escape from reality after her husband passed away because of cancer，she moved to Huaping County in Lijiang, 3．where the generous teacher started her mission．Seeing the poverty in the mountain and the tragedies that had happened to young girls, she was 4．determined(determine) to find an effective method to help them out．She figured out the major problem was education．
At first she was laughed at by people in the territory 5．when they knew that she wanted to set up a free girls-only high school．However, Zhang never gave up and began to raise money．She even begged in the streets until her dream was known by the people of the whole country who later 6．funded (fund) the construction of the school．7．Having donated(donate) all the money she earned, Zhang never hesitates 8．to aid(aid) her students even though she suffers from more than 20 diseases due to years of heavy work and stress．9．To her relief，thanks to her perseverance and devotion, the high school develops better and better, having sent more than 1，800 poor girls to universities．They have broadened their horizons in the college and will obtain their certificate．Let's pay our respect to Teacher Zhang Guimei, and hope that she can take care of her health and achieve 10．further (far) success．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是红星中学高三学生李华，请写一篇英语周记，记述你确定大学专业的过程，内容包括：
1．刚开始在选择大学专业时，不知道如何选择；
2．然后想选择一个将来能改变人们生活的专业；
3．最后看到CCTV News中时代楷模，确定了自己要学的专业。
注意：词数80左右。
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【参考范文】
During dinner I discussed my major with my parents, but still couldn't make up my mind．When Mom saw me hesitate to make a decision, she encouraged me to do more research．
Later that evening, with the assistance of the Internet，I found a variety of choices．But what I wanted was a profession that could make a difference to people's lives．
The inspiration came unexpectedly with the CCTV News yesterday．On seeing “Role Models of Our Time” appear on the screen, I decided to major in medical science．Mom and Dad were also happy that I had found the compass for my future life．
情感细节描写之“生气”和“愤怒”(一)
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
单词 angry, annoyed, annoying, angrily，anger, annoyance, rage
短语 ①tremble with anger 气得发抖 ②a burst of anger 一股怒火 ③flush with anger 气红了脸 ④get mad/cross at sb．生某人的气 ⑤to one's annoyance 令某人生气的是 ⑥in anger 愤怒地
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表“愤怒”的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①汤姆最近的行为总能让史密斯老师火冒三丈。
Tom's recent behavior would always set off Mr．Smith's anger/make Mr．Smith burst into anger/burn with anger/explode with anger．
②史密斯老师发现他的作业又没做完，愤怒地大叫了一声，眼里闪烁着恼怒的光芒。
Finding his homework was unfinished again, Mr．Smith let out a cry of anger, with his eyes shining with annoyance．(with复合结构)
③史密斯老师的耐心被消磨光了，给他的父亲打电话愤怒地抱怨。
Mr．Smith, whose patience had worn thin, called his father to complain angrily．
④当汤姆的父亲得知他的儿子表现如此恶劣时，他无法控制自己的愤怒，用拳头猛捶桌子，“你最好解释一下到底怎么回事！”
Learning his son had been so badly-behaved, Tom's father felt so angry that he slammed his fist on the table, “You'd better explain what's going on！” (动作描写)
⑤汤姆垂头不语。父亲脸色突变，一股怒火像乌云一样笼罩着他的脸。
Tom hung his head and said nothing．His father's color came up, and a heavy rage came over his face like a dark cloud．(比喻修辞法)
⑥父亲再也无法控制自己的愤怒，气得冲出房间，狠狠地摔上门。
Unable to contain his anger, his father stormed out of the room, slamming the door furiously behind him．(形容词短语作状语)
课时分层作业(十四)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2022·广州调研测试)
Videoconferencing has been around for more than 20 years．Until now，you would find that many people needing to attend a meeting remotely would be calling from a real conference room full of their teammates．Today，we're routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual (虚拟的)．And this is creating a problem that technology can't fix．
The problem is us，specifically the fact that we haven't evolved socially to the point where we can bear much separation．So much of our well-being and work productivity is decided by how close we are physically．The removal of that for any period of time can be severely damaging．One surprising victim of social distancing is laughter．
Normally people laugh about 18 times per day．And 97% of these times we're laughing with others－we are 30 times more likely to laugh with others than to laugh alone．Think about it：How often when you and your friends laugh at something，and is that something actually funny？Research shows that 80% of what people laugh at is really not that funny．
So why do people laugh？They laugh in order to laugh with others．Just as everyone starts yawning (打哈欠) when just one person yawns，most people can't help but laugh when those around them do．This is why TV comedy shows often use prerecorded laughs．
Laughing in response to other people's laughing is not just a behavioral phenomenon．When we laugh，our body produces two key chemicals：endorphin which helps relieve pain and sets off feelings of pleasure，and dopamine which can improve learning，the motivation and attention．In fact，studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand．Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work．
In today's home-alone，virtual team world，this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing：For your team members to stay healthy and productive，you need to get them to laugh more and stress less．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。视频会议已经存在多年。由于无法近距离地和参会人员接触，视频会议对“笑”产生了很大的影响。我们的幸福感和工作效率取决于我们身体上的亲密程度。所以，在无法近距离接触的情况下，作为团队领导者，为了让你的团队成员保持健康和高效的工作效率，你应该让他们多笑、少紧张。
1．What is the problem mentioned at the start of the text
A．Physical weakness．
B．Lack of technology．
C．Social distance．
D．Reliance on virtual conferences．
C [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The problem is ...bear much separation．”可知，视频会议遇到的问题是我们的社交能力还没有发展到能承受太多分离的程度，故C项符合语境。]
2．The underlined word “This” in paragraph 4 refers to the fact that ．
A．laugh tracks are popular
B．laughing is uncontrollable
C．laughing starts with yawning
D．laughing comes more easily in groups
D [代词指代题。根据第四段第三句中的“most people can't help but laugh when those around them do”可知，当周围的人笑时，大多数人都会忍不住笑。This指代上句的内容，再结合画线词所在的句子可知，“在群体中更容易笑”是电视喜剧节目经常使用预先录制的笑声的原因。故D项正确。]
3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．What the benefits of laughing are．
B．How laughing keeps us physically healthy．
C．Whether laughing is a behavioral phenomenon．
D．What chemicals our body produces when we laugh．
A [段落大意题。通读第五段可知，该段解释了当我们笑时，身体能产生两种重要的化学物质，它们可以帮助缓解疼痛，引发愉悦感，提高学习能力、动力和注意力；阐释了仅仅提前几分钟笑一下，人们就能多忍受15%的疼痛的研究结果；也讲了笑还能提高工作积极性和工作效率。故该段主要讲了笑的一些好处。]
4．What would the author most probably discuss next
A．Concrete steps to produce laughter in a team．
B．Other factors that may influence a team's health．
C．Ways to tell the real world from the virtual world．
D．The importance of maintaining work productivity．
A [推理判断题。根据尾段中的“For your team...and stress less．”可知，作为团队领导者，为了让团队成员保持健康和高效的工作效率，应当让他们多笑、少紧张。据此可以推知，下文将介绍在团队中制造笑声的具体步骤。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2022·广东六校第四次联考)
How to Have an Attractive Personality
Being attractive comes more from your personality than your appearance，and demonstrating an attractive personality is key to having lasting relationships． 1 The following tips help foster your ability to fascinate others．
·Laugh at yourself．If you make a fool of yourself，laugh at yourself instead of feeling embarrassed．It shows that you're comfortable in your skin．A sense of humor makes someone more engaging and delightful to be with． 2 It is a great ice-breaker or stress reliever，but don't ruin a serious conversation with inappropriate jokes．
·Speak sincerely．Tell people the truth．If you can't commit to something，it's better to be honest about it than to have to tell them last minute that you can't make it．When people ask for your opinion，you should be honest． 3 For instance，if you don't like your friend's shirt，respond with “I really like you in blue instead” rather than “ I hate it，it's ugly”．
· 4 If you see value in making others laugh and keep yourself positive，you'll be a happier person，making others drawn to you as a result．A great way to remind you to laugh more is to have daily jokes on your phone or email．Set them for a time of day when you notice yourself start to feel drained．
·Have confidence in your body．You don't have to have the “perfect body” to be confident in it．People will be more attracted to you if you dress well and carry yourself well．If you need a little boost，place post-its(便利贴) around your mirror that remind you of the charming parts of your body． 5
A．Speak in a positive way．
B．Make laughing a priority．
C．Remember，there is a time and place for humor．
D．There is difference between being frank and rude，though．
E．Focus on these rather than what you're self-conscious about．
F．Actually，developing engaging personalities is not that far out of reach．
G．But having charming appearance is only skin-deep and far from enough．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拥有吸引力的个性的几种方法。
1．F [上文讲吸引力取决于个性而不是外表，展现吸引人的个性是拥有长久关系的关键；下文讲以下几点有助于培养吸引人的个性的能力。F项“事实上，培养具有吸引力的个性并不是遥不可及的”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。]
2．C [上文讲幽默感让人更有吸引力也更好相处；下文讲幽默感能够打破僵局，释放压力，但不要用不合时宜的玩笑破坏严肃的谈话。C项“记住，幽默是分时间和场合的”承上启下，符合语境。故选 C。]
3．D [上文讲当有人询问你的意见时，你应当坦诚；下文给了具体的示例：如果你不喜欢朋友的衣服，应当委婉告知而不是直接说朋友的衣服很丑。D项“但是，坦率和无礼之间是有区别的”承上启下，符合语境。故选 D。]
4．B [该空是本段的主旨句。下文讲笑容给人们带来的好处以及提醒自己保持笑容的建议。B项“把(保持)笑容放在首位”统领本段，符合语境。故选 B。]
5．E [上文讲要对自己的身材有信心，人们会因为你的穿着得体和举止大方而更加喜欢你，如果你需要一些鼓励，那就将自己的身体拥有的优点写在便利贴上并贴在镜子周围以提醒自己。E项“把注意力集中在这些事情上，而不是你的自我意识上”承接上文，符合语境。故选 E。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2022·苏州市第一学期调研试卷)
A creative person without a sense of humor has a serious problem
A physicist，doctor，accountant，lawyer，garbage collector，etc．without a sense of humor can still be terrific at what they do．But a creative person 1． is humorless could never produce consistently great work in communication with warmth and humanity to the vast majority of people．Humor in 2． (creative) is like humor in life．People often ask me，“Does humor work in advertising？” But that's a stupid question．Does anyone 3． ask，“Does humor work in life？” If humor is appropriate and funny，it should “work”．The question should be，“How can you 4． (possible) create something without humor？” Certainly，in all forms of communication，humor is a 5． (nature) way to win 6． (someone) heart．In examining my work，lectures，and books I have written over the years，it's difficult to isolate “humor” as a category because it 7． (run) through almost everything I do—and through most of my 8． (wake) hours．Humor disarms and makes one more accepting of 9． (thought) and images that could be hard to take in serious discourse．Say something serious in a funny way，10． you can win over people every time．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了幽默在人际交往中的重要性。
1．who/that [考查关系词。分析句子结构可知，该空引导定语从句，先行词为表示“人”的名词person，且关系代词在从句中作主语，所以空处应该填who/that。]
2．creativity [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词in的宾语，需要用名词，所以空处应该填creativity。]
3．ever [考查副词。结合语境可知，此处表示有没有人曾经问过“幽默在生活中有用吗？”，空处表示“曾经”的意思，所以填ever。]
4．possibly [考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰后面的动词create，需要用副词，所以应该填possibly。]
5．natural [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰空后的名词way，需要用形容词，所以需要填natural。]
6．someone's [考查所有格。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰后面的名词heart，需要用所有格形式，所以填someone's。]
7．runs [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，run作从句的谓语；结合语境可知，此处应用一般现在时表示现在的情况；主语it为第三人称单数，所以填runs。]
8．waking [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词hours，需要用形容词waking，意为“醒着的”，所以填waking。]
9．thoughts [考查名词复数。and前后形成并列关系，根据后面的名词复数images可知，此处也需要用名词复数；thought作“想法，看法”讲时，为可数名词，所以填thoughts。]
10．and [考查连词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型，结合句意“以有趣的方式说严肃的事情，你每次都可以赢得别人的支持”可知，空处需填and。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·重庆名校联盟第一次联考)
One June evening，Sylvia，8 years old，was driving her cow home through the woods．Suddenly a clear whistle broke the peace．Before she could hide into the bushes，she was stopped by a young man，who carried a gun over his shoulder．“Hello，little girl．I am hunting for some birds but I have lost my way，”he said kindly．“Can I spend the night in your house？” Sylvia hesitated for a while and agreed to take him home at last．
Sylvia's grandma was really kind．She cooked for the young man and chatted with him．“Sylvia is very shy but she is popular with birds，”Grandma said proudly．“All sorts of birds come and feed right out of her hands．”
“So Sylvia knows all about birds？” he asked excitedly．“I am making a collection of birds myself．”
“Do you cage them up？”asked Grandma．
“Oh no，they're stuffed (制作标本) and preserved，” said the young man．“I came here for a white heron (鹭)，a tall white bird with long thin legs．It would have a nest perhaps in the top of a high tree．” He looked at Sylvia，hoping for some answers．Sylvia's heart gave a wild beat．She knew the bird，but she said nothing．
“I would offer ten dollars to any helper，” the man added desperately．Ten dollars was really a big sum．Sylvia agreed with a nod．
The next day they started early，the young man going first and Sylvia following．He proved to be really kind and told her many things about birds．She could not understand why he killed the very birds he seemed to like so much．In the evening，they returned，empty-handed．
Lying in bed，Sylvia suddenly thought of a great pine tree，which stood at the farther edge of the woods and towered far above the others．“If I climb it at daybreak，maybe I could easily discover from where the white heron flew，and mark the place，and find the hidden nest，” she thought．What a big secret!
注意：1．续写词数应为 150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Sylvia stole out of the house before daybreak．_____________________________________________________________________
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Seeing Sylvia back in dust，Grandma and the young man were surprised．_____________________________________________________________________
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【写作思路】
文章大意：8岁的Sylvia偶遇了一位鸟类收藏爱好者，她不明白为什么他那么热爱鸟儿，却要把它们杀死，制成标本。但在10美元的诱惑下，Sylvia答应帮他去寻找白鹭。但是两人寻找了一天后空手而归。夜间，她想起更远的树林中有一棵高大的松树，希望从那里找到白鹭的蛛丝马迹。
谋篇布局：根据续写提示信息，续写第一段可写Sylvia爬到树上寻找白鹭的过程和内心的想法及感受。续写第二段可写Sylvia满身尘土地回到家，当被奶奶和那位年轻人问及是否找到鸟巢时，她拒绝告知任何信息。
【参考范文】
Sylvia stole out of the house before daybreak．She managed to reach the tall tree．Then she began mounting the top of it with her bare feet and hands．Her coat got torn and dusty．When she ended up on the top of the pine tree，she felt dizzy and fearful，but suddenly she spotted a white heron resting in a nest close to the tall tree．Sylvia nearly burst into tears．She knew she would soon get rich．However，thinking that the beautiful bird would soon be stuffed，she hesitated on her way back home．
Seeing Sylvia back in dust，Grandma and the young man were surprised．“Where have you been？”Grandma scolded her in an annoyed voice．And the young man looked straight in her eyes eagerly，waiting for an answer．Yet，she bit her lips tightly．Though knowing he would keep his promise，she still kept silent．On the way back，she had made up her mind not to let out any secret about the white heron．However much she was paid，nothing was more valuable than the life in nature．
