(共61张PPT)
教材知识讲练
必修三册
Unit 3 The world of science
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2020·浙江卷)We yelled at the bear, hit pots hard, and fired blank shotgun shells into the air．
2．(心理描写)(2020·浙江卷)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway．
3．(人物描写)(2022·茂名市五校联考)My mother was a kind-hearted soul．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·大连市模拟)Then a thick burning smell filled the air．When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate, a thick cloud of smoke greeted him．The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2021·全国乙卷)Adam _______(press) a button and waited for the lift．
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The place wasn't ________(entire) authentic, though．Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked．
3．The number of traffic accidents caused by drunk driving ________(account) for 13% of the total every year．
pressed
entirely
accounts
核
心
单
词
检
测 4．The Chinese astronauts are conducting a series of ____________(experiment) to learn more about how the body adapts to weightlessness in space．
5．Scientists all over the world have been looking for______(cure) for cancer for many years．
experiments
cures
派生单词检测 1．Copper is __________ while rubber is not a _________．(conduct)
2．He hits the ball with great ________．In other words，he hits the ball very __________．(accurate)
3．She is a truly _____________ woman and can do her work _______________ well．(ordinary)
conductive
conductor
accuracy
accurately
extraordinary
extraordinarily
派生单词检测 4．The President issued a ___________ and the country has ________ a state of emergency．(declare)
5．Jack _______ his leg when he was playing basketball yesterday．The doctor said that his ______ was very serious．(injure)
declaration
declared
injured
injury
高频短语检测 come up with，in terms of，take place，die from，along with，in addition，tie...to
1．The differences in the children's achievements can not be completely explained ___________ their social backgrounds．
2．To our joy，the hotel itself can hold 70 guests and，___________，there are several self-cooking apartments．
in terms of
in addition
高频短语检测 3．Catherine，__________ two other boys in our school，was invited to New York to pick up the prizes the other day．
4．After the biggest earthquake __________ in Japan，the international rescuers devoted all their energies to searching for survivors but unfortunately they found only several bodies．
5．My best friends always lend me a helping hand and ____________ solutions to help me when I am in trouble．
along with
took place
come up with
重点句式检测 1．是什么使得他没及时到达呢？(强调句型)
__________________________________________ in time
2．专家建议，青少年每周应该锻炼5次，每次至少30分钟。
(suggest)
Experts __________________________________________________________，five times a week．
What was it that prevented him from coming
suggest that teenagers (should) spend at least 30 minutes
exercising
重点句式检测 3．一想到再也见不到他时，她热泪盈眶。(同位语从句)
Tears filled her eyes at the thought __________________________________．
that she might never see him
again
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 desire [课本义]n．渴望，欲望[增补义] vt．希望得到；想要
练中回想——语法填空
①Since you have a strong desire ________(learn) Chinese culture，I suggest you apply for Peking University．
②We desire that immediate help _________________(give) to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood．
to learn
(should) be given
完美写作——一句多译
每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于努力的人。
③Everyone ___________________________________ while success only belongs to the hard-working people．(desire n．)
④Everyone __________________ while success only belongs to the hard-working people．(desire v．)
has a desire for success/to succeed
desires to succeed
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?desire to do sth．渴望做某事
?desire sb．to do sth．希望某人做某事
?desire that...(should) do sth．希望……做某事
语料输入——必备素材
?satisfy my desire to keep learning 满足了我继续学习的渴望
?desire to win the game 渴望赢得比赛
[名师点津] desire作名词时其后所接主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。
2 significant adj．重要的，影响深远的
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Through participating in this picking activity，I have become aware of the ____________ (significant) of work．
②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a _____________(significance) greater sense of belonging，a bond with others．
significance
significantly
完美写作——词汇升级
③There is no doubt that the protection of traditional Chinese culture is very important．
→There is no doubt that the protection of traditional Chinese culture is _____________________．
of great significance
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?It is significant that...很明显……
?significance n．重要性；重要意义
?be of significance to ...对……有重要意义
?significantly adv．重大地；显著地
语料输入——必备素材
?a highly significant discovery 一个具有极其重大意义的发现
?a significant improvement 明显的进步
?attach great importance to developing children's good habits 重视培养孩子们的好习惯
3 attach [课本义] v．系，绑；贴[增补义] v．连接；把……固定；使附属；重视
练中回想——语法填空
①On her birthday she received a box of chocolates with a card ________(attach) to it，saying “Happy birthday！”
②Please find my application letter and resume in the __________(attach)．
attached
attachment
完美写作——建议信佳句
③You _________________________________________(再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过) during the course of learning languages．
can never attach too much significance to reading
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?attach...to...把……固定/附在……上
?attach great importance / significance to sth．认为某事有重要性/意义
?attached adj．依恋的；附属的
?be attached to 附属于；依恋
?attachment n．附件；附属装置
语料输入——必备素材
attach a photo to my application form 在我的申请表上贴了一张照片
4 in terms of...就……来说，从……角度来看
Teachers should judge their students ①___________ their overall performances at school instead of their academic grades．Those who are good at study but aren't ②__________________ other students should be taught how to get along with their peers, which will be of benefit to them ③________________．
in terms of
on good terms with
in the long term
完美写作——应聘信佳句
④I'll only take the job _____________ (根据你们的条件)．
on your terms
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?come to terms with让步于；达成协议，和好
?be on good/bad terms with sb．与某人关系好/不好
?under the terms of...根据……的条款
?on one's (own) terms 根据……的主张/条件
?in the long/short term 就长/短期而言
语料输入——必备素材
?be on good terms with our neighbours与我们的邻居关系很好
?won't come to terms with difficulties 不愿向困难妥协
5 [教材原句]So what is it that inspires us to invent things？那是什么激励我们去发明东西呢？
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ) It was his brave heart and strong faith ____ could make something unusual happen finally．
②I wonder what it is ____ makes you so addicted to the mobile phone．
that
that
③It was not until I came here ____ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather．
④Was __ you who put these books on my desk
完美写作——续写佳句之情感描写
⑤就是在那一刻，他灰心丧气，像一个泄气的皮球。
_________________________ he was discouraged like a deflated ball．(强调句)
that
it
It was at the moment that
练后归纳——句法分析
?强调句的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分．
?强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
?强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
?not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)It was not only the breakfast, but the love of the children for her that moved her very much．
不仅是这顿早餐还有孩子们对她的爱使她深受感动。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2020·浙江1月卷)Something ___________(significance) is happening to the world population—it is aging．
2．Actually，all of us desire __________(achieve) success，but sometimes our actions don't correspond with what we desire．
significant
to achieve
3．One day，when I opened my book，I found a beautiful card ________ (attach) to the first page，giving me best wishes．
4．I prefer western painting．There are several reasons __________ (account) for my preference．
5．(2019·江苏卷)With a large brain, human beings beat other beings in _____(term) of intelligence．
attached
accounting
terms
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2019·天津卷)The professor warned the students that __ no account should they use mobile phones in his class．
2．China attaches great importance __ women's development and is willing to cooperate with different countries in the world in this field．
on
to
3．Get someone who is __ good terms with him to try and persuade him to change his mind．
4．(2021·天津3月卷)More importantly, it is the famous tourist spots of Beijing _____attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year．
on
that
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．An energy ministry official says all of the country's nuclear plants have been inspected and are _______ (capability) of standing natural disasters．
2．But soldiers who do not have medical training may not know how to help their _______ (injure) friends．
capable
injured
3．Many people suggest that parents _______________(listen) more to their children, so they will understand them better, and find it easy to narrow the generation gap．
4．The sports meeting, which was __________(original) due last Friday, was finally delayed because of the bad weather．
(should) listen
originally
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Part-time English classes are offered．__ addition, students can take classes in computing．
2．Lucy was deep in thought, trying to come up ____ a plan to reduce costs of production．
3．The exercise was ______ the abilities of most of the class．
4．Thanks to the help of the expert, he was cured __ the terrible disease successfully．
In
with
beyond
of
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·全国甲卷) The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall．_
A．小河；溪
B．(人)流
C．(烟、气、液体的)流
B
2．(2021·全国乙卷)When she reached one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand．_
A．将……塞进 B．压，挤 C．熨平；烫平
3．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break，for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records．_
A．无法
B．在……较远的一边
C．除……之外
A
C
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·浙江1月卷) For the study，191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were tired out to measure their peak (最大值的)cardiovascular capacity．
化繁为简本句为复合句。句子的主干为191 women took a bicycle exercise test。句中until引导________从句，to measure their...capacity为动词不定式短语作________。
[尝试翻译] 在这项研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了自行车运动测试，直到她们筋疲力尽，以测量她们心血管容量的峰值。
时间状语
目的状语
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ) The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas，and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild．
化繁为简本句为简单句。句中to improve...giant pandas和 (to) eventually achieve...wild为并列的动词不定式短语作____，解释说明主语goal的内容。
[尝试翻译]大熊猫国家公园的主要目标是改善不同种群和(不同)大熊猫家园之间的连通性，并最终达到理想的野生种群水平。
表语
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Science and technology 1．___(be) an significant part of our everyday life．Chemists，astronomers，biologists and other scientists in other fields use scientific methods and accurate techniques for different purposes．They desire 2．_______(know) how science and technology work and observe numbers of stuff 3．_________(happen) around us．Scientific research might not be every one's idea of fun, but for 4．__ extraordinary and brilliant woman physics professor, Zhou Shuyun is just that, 5．____enjoys to discover new things．Scientific
are
to know
happening
an
who
research is not like writing a fiction，full of imaginative 6．________(account)．It requires dozens of hours of mental concentration．The 7．____________(experiment) procedure may take years of preservation and finally need solid proofs and instances for their conclusions．Professor Zhou decided to return to Tsinghua University after working in a world-famous lab in 2012 to start her own
accounts
experimental
physics department, and 8．________(declare)that she was 9．________(entire) capable of making her own contribution to the country．She hopes that there will be no need to distinguish between male 10．___ female scientists one day．
declared
entirely
and
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华，你所在的科学俱乐部需要一名实验助理。请你给该俱乐部的负责人Charles写封邮件，向他推荐你的留学生朋友Bert，内容包括：
1．介绍Bert的基本情况；
2．给出推荐理由(对科学满怀热情；精通英文和中文；为人勤奋且做事认真)；
3．期待回复。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Charles，
I've heard that our science club is in need of a lab assistant．Therefore，I'd like to recommend my friend Bert．The reasons why I think he is suitable are as follows．
To start with，he has a strong desire to learn science and is enthusiastic about science．Besides，he attaches importance to English and Chinese learning，which enables him to communicate with others without any difficulty．Last but not least，he is such a hard-working and careful person that he will help to conduct the experiments perfectly．
I would appreciate it if you could take my recommendation into account．
Looking forward to your early reply．
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
情感细节描写之“生气”和“愤怒”(二)
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
短语 ①explode with anger 勃然大怒 ②burst into anger/annoyance 勃然大怒 ③resist/contain one's anger 抑制怒火 ④set off one's anger 让某人生气 ⑤fuel one's anger 使某人更加愤怒 ⑥stamp one's feet in anger 气得跺脚 ⑦be seized/overcome/swallowed by anger 非常生气 ⑧be overwhelmed by anger/annoyance 非常生气
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表“愤怒”的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①我父亲有生以来从未对我如此生气过。
____________________________________________________.(倒装句)
②他就像一头发怒的狮子，眼睛里闪烁着无法抑制的怒火。
______________________________，he was _________________．
(with复合结构＋比喻)
Never had my father been so angry in all his life with me
With unstoppable rage in his eyes
like an angry lion
③他气得脸都发紫了，但他没有像往常那样气得尖叫。
He went purple ___________，but he didn't______________as usual．
④他只是默默地瞪着我。他愤怒的目光真把我吓坏了。
He just _____________________．________________________________．
⑤我紧张地咽了咽口水，舔了舔嘴唇，把目光移开了。
I swallowed nervously, licked my lips and ___________．
with anger
scream in anger
glared at me silently
His glaring eyes really frightened
me
looked away
⑥他沉默了一会儿，气恼地把外套扔到沙发上。他倒在沙发上，喃喃道：“我该拿你怎么办呢？”
After a few moments‘ silence, he ___________________________________________，collapsed into it, and murmured, “What should I do with you？”
threw his coat on the sofa with
annoyance续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2020·浙江卷)We yelled at the bear, hit pots hard, and fired blank shotgun shells into the air． 2．(心理描写)(2020·浙江卷)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway． 3．(人物描写)(2022·茂名市五校联考)My mother was a kind-hearted soul． (2022·大连市模拟)Then a thick burning smell filled the air．When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate, a thick cloud of smoke greeted him．The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying．
核心单词检测 1．(2021·全国乙卷)Adam pressed(press) a button and waited for the lift． 2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The place wasn't entirely(entire) authentic, though．Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked． 3．The number of traffic accidents caused by drunk driving accounts(account) for 13% of the total every year． 4．The Chinese astronauts are conducting a series of experiments (experiment) to learn more about how the body adapts to weightlessness in space． 5．Scientists all over the world have been looking for cures(cure) for cancer for many years．
派生单词检测 1．Copper is conductive while rubber is not a conductor．(conduct) 2．He hits the ball with great accuracy．In other words，he hits the ball very accurately．(accurate) 3．She is a truly extraordinary woman and can do her work extraordinarily well．(ordinary) 4．The President issued a declaration and the country has declared a state of emergency．(declare) 5．Jack injured his leg when he was playing basketball yesterday．The doctor said that his injury was very serious．(injure)
高频短语检测 come up with，in terms of，take place，die from，along with，in addition，tie...to
1．The differences in the children's achievements can not be completely explained in terms of their social backgrounds． 2．To our joy，the hotel itself can hold 70 guests and，in addition，there are several self-cooking apartments． 3．Catherine，along with two other boys in our school，was invited to New York to pick up the prizes the other day． 4．After the biggest earthquake took place in Japan，the international rescuers devoted all their energies to searching for survivors but unfortunately they found only several bodies． 5．My best friends always lend me a helping hand and come up with solutions to help me when I am in trouble．
重点句式检测 1．是什么使得他没及时到达呢？(强调句型) What was it that prevented him from coming in time 2．专家建议，青少年每周应该锻炼5次，每次至少30分钟。(suggest) Experts suggest that teenagers (should) spend at least 30 minutes exercising, five times a week． 3．一想到再也见不到他时，她热泪盈眶。(同位语从句) Tears filled her eyes at the thought that she might never see him again．
1 desire [课本义]n．渴望，欲望[增补义] vt．希望得到；想要
①Since you have a strong desire to learn(learn) Chinese culture，I suggest you apply for Peking University．
②We desire that immediate help (should) be given(give) to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood．
每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于努力的人。
③Everyone has a desire for success/to succeed while success only belongs to the hard-working people．(desire n．)
④Everyone desires to succeed while success only belongs to the hard-working people．(desire v．)
?have a strong desire
?desire to do sth．渴望做某事
?desire sb．to do sth．希望某人做某事
?desire that...(should) do sth．希望……做某事
?satisfy my desire to keep learning 满足了我继续学习的渴望
?desire to win the game 渴望赢得比赛
[名师点津] desire作名词时其后所接主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。
2 significant adj．重要的，影响深远的
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Through participating in this picking activity，I have become aware of the significance (significant) of work．
②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly(significance) greater sense of belonging，a bond with others．
③There is no doubt that the protection of traditional Chinese culture is very important．
→There is no doubt that the protection of traditional Chinese culture is of great significance．
?It is significant that...很明显……
?significance n．重要性；重要意义
?be of significance to ...对……有重要意义
?significantly adv．重大地；显著地
?a highly significant discovery 一个具有极其重大意义的发现
?a significant improvement 明显的进步
?attach great importance to developing children's good habits 重视培养孩子们的好习惯
3 attach [课本义] v．系，绑；贴[增补义] v．连接；把……固定；使附属；重视
①On her birthday she received a box of chocolates with a card attached(attach) to it，saying “Happy birthday！”
②Please find my application letter and resume in the attachment(attach)．
③You can never attach too much significance to reading(再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过) during the course of learning languages．
?attach...to...把……固定/附在……上
?attach great importance / significance to sth．认为某事有重要性/意义
?attached adj．依恋的；附属的
?be attached to 附属于；依恋
?attachment n．附件；附属装置
attach a photo to my application form 在我的申请表上贴了一张照片
4 in terms of...就……来说，从……角度来看
Teachers should judge their students ①in terms of their overall performances at school instead of their academic grades．Those who are good at study but aren't ②on good terms with other students should be taught how to get along with their peers, which will be of benefit to them ③in the long term．
④I'll only take the job on your terms (根据你们的条件)．
?come to terms with让步于；达成协议，和好
?be on good/bad terms with sb．与某人关系好/不好
?under the terms of...根据……的条款
?on one's (own) terms 根据……的主张/条件
?in the long/short term 就长/短期而言
?be on good terms with our neighbours与我们的邻居关系很好
?won't come to terms with difficulties 不愿向困难妥协
5 [教材原句]So what is it that inspires us to invent things？那是什么激励我们去发明东西呢？
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ) It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally．
②I wonder what it is that makes you so addicted to the mobile phone．
③It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather．
④Was it you who put these books on my desk
⑤就是在那一刻，他灰心丧气，像一个泄气的皮球。
It was at the moment that he was discouraged like a deflated ball．(强调句)
?强调句的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分．
?强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
?强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
?not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...
(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)It was not only the breakfast, but the love of the children for her that moved her very much．
不仅是这顿早餐还有孩子们对她的爱使她深受感动。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2020·浙江1月卷)Something significant(significance) is happening to the world population—it is aging．
2．Actually，all of us desire to achieve(achieve) success，but sometimes our actions don't correspond with what we desire．
3．One day，when I opened my book，I found a beautiful card attached (attach) to the first page，giving me best wishes．
4．I prefer western painting．There are several reasons accounting (account) for my preference．
5．(2019·江苏卷)With a large brain, human beings beat other beings in terms(term) of intelligence．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2019·天津卷)The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class．
2．China attaches great importance to women's development and is willing to cooperate with different countries in the world in this field．
3．Get someone who is on good terms with him to try and persuade him to change his mind．
4．(2021·天津3月卷)More importantly, it is the famous tourist spots of Beijing that attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．An energy ministry official says all of the country's nuclear plants have been inspected and are capable (capability) of standing natural disasters．
2．But soldiers who do not have medical training may not know how to help their injured (injure) friends．
3．Many people suggest that parents (should) listen(listen) more to their children, so they will understand them better, and find it easy to narrow the generation gap．
4．The sports meeting, which was originally(original) due last Friday, was finally delayed because of the bad weather．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Part-time English classes are offered．In addition, students can take classes in computing．
2．Lucy was deep in thought, trying to come up with a plan to reduce costs of production．
3．The exercise was beyond the abilities of most of the class．
4．Thanks to the help of the expert, he was cured of the terrible disease successfully．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·全国甲卷) The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall．B
A．小河；溪
B．(人)流
C．(烟、气、液体的)流
2．(2021·全国乙卷)When she reached one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand．A
A．将……塞进 B．压，挤 C．熨平；烫平
3．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break，for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records．C
A．无法
B．在……较远的一边
C．除……之外
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·浙江1月卷) For the study，191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were tired out to measure their peak (最大值的)cardiovascular capacity．
本句为复合句。句子的主干为191 women took a bicycle exercise test。句中until引导时间状语从句，to measure their...capacity为动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[尝试翻译] 在这项研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了自行车运动测试，直到她们筋疲力尽，以测量她们心血管容量的峰值。
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ) The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas，and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild．
本句为简单句。句中to improve...giant pandas和 (to) eventually achieve...wild为并列的动词不定式短语作表语，解释说明主语goal的内容。
[尝试翻译]大熊猫国家公园的主要目标是改善不同种群和(不同)大熊猫家园之间的连通性，并最终达到理想的野生种群水平。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Science and technology 1．are(be) an significant part of our everyday life．Chemists，astronomers，biologists and other scientists in other fields use scientific methods and accurate techniques for different purposes．They desire 2．to know(know) how science and technology work and observe numbers of stuff 3．happening(happen) around us．Scientific research might not be every one's idea of fun, but for 4．an extraordinary and brilliant woman physics professor, Zhou Shuyun is just that, 5．who enjoys to discover new things．Scientific research is not like writing a fiction，full of imaginative 6．accounts(account)．It requires dozens of hours of mental concentration．The 7．experimental(experiment) procedure may take years of preservation and finally need solid proofs and instances for their conclusions．Professor Zhou decided to return to Tsinghua University after working in a world-famous lab in 2012 to start her own physics department, and 8．declared(declare)that she was 9．entirely(entire) capable of making her own contribution to the country．She hopes that there will be no need to distinguish between male 10．and female scientists one day．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华，你所在的科学俱乐部需要一名实验助理。请你给该俱乐部的负责人Charles写封邮件，向他推荐你的留学生朋友Bert，内容包括：
1．介绍Bert的基本情况；
2．给出推荐理由(对科学满怀热情；精通英文和中文；为人勤奋且做事认真)；
3．期待回复。
注意：词数80左右。
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【参考范文】
Dear Charles，
I've heard that our science club is in need of a lab assistant．Therefore，I'd like to recommend my friend Bert．The reasons why I think he is suitable are as follows．
To start with，he has a strong desire to learn science and is enthusiastic about science．Besides，he attaches importance to English and Chinese learning，which enables him to communicate with others without any difficulty．Last but not least，he is such a hard-working and careful person that he will help to conduct the experiments perfectly．
I would appreciate it if you could take my recommendation into account．
Looking forward to your early reply．
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
情感细节描写之“生气”和“愤怒”(二)
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
短语 ①explode with anger 勃然大怒 ②burst into anger/annoyance 勃然大怒 ③resist/contain one's anger 抑制怒火 ④set off one's anger 让某人生气 ⑤fuel one's anger 使某人更加愤怒 ⑥stamp one's feet in anger 气得跺脚 ⑦be seized/overcome/swallowed by anger 非常生气 ⑧be overwhelmed by anger/annoyance 非常生气
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表“愤怒”的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①我父亲有生以来从未对我如此生气过。
Never had my father been so angry in all his life with me．(倒装句)
②他就像一头发怒的狮子，眼睛里闪烁着无法抑制的怒火。
With unstoppable rage in his eyes, he was like an angry lion．(with复合结构＋比喻)
③他气得脸都发紫了，但他没有像往常那样气得尖叫。
He went purple with anger, but he didn't scream in anger as usual．
④他只是默默地瞪着我。他愤怒的目光真把我吓坏了。
He just glared at me silently．His glaring eyes really frightened me．
⑤我紧张地咽了咽口水，舔了舔嘴唇，把目光移开了。
I swallowed nervously, licked my lips and looked away．
⑥他沉默了一会儿，气恼地把外套扔到沙发上。他倒在沙发上，喃喃道：“我该拿你怎么办呢？”
After a few moments' silence, he threw his coat on the sofa with annoyance, collapsed into it, and murmured, “What should I do with you？”
课时分层作业(十五)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇（限时6分钟）
(2022·泉州市高中毕业班质量监测)
San Francisco Bay Area is a great place to visit if you're a sports fan，as you'll find several events all year round and plenty of team pride．If you are anywhere close to the area during a game，these fantastic sports events are here for you．
San Francisco Giants Baseball
The San Francisco Giants Baseball team plays in San Francisco at Oracle Park．This is a fun ballpark because it's always packed with great energy and offers views of the bay．It's one of the most popular San Francisco sports events．The Giants are part of the National League West Division．Since their arrival here in 1958，they have been World Series Champions three times．
Golden State Warriors Basketball
The fan base of the Golden State Warriors is distributed in the whole San Francisco Bay Area as it is this region's only NBA team．Their regular season runs from late October through mid April，and all home games are played at the Chase Center in San Francisco．In total，the Warriors has won seven NBA championships．
San Francisco 49ers Football
The 49ers are San Francisco's NFL team，though they have recently moved to Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara，about an hour's drive to south of San Francisco．The football team was named for the prospectors (探矿者) who arrived in the area in 1849 for the Gold Rush．They've won 5 Super Bowl championships，all between 1981 and 1994．
San Jose Sharks Hockey
The San Jose Sharks represent the Bay Area in hockey (曲棍球)．They were founded in 1991 as the only Bay Area team to compete in the NHL．Sharks' fans love going to these San Francisco sports events at the SAP Center，which they call the Shark Tank，located about an hour's drive to southeast of San Francisco．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章是有关旧金山湾区体育赛事地点的介绍。
1．Which team once won the world championship
A．The Giants．
B．The Golden State Warriors．
C．The 49ers．
D．The San Jose Sharks．
A [细节理解题。根据San Francisco Giants Baseball部分中的尾句可知，自1958年以来，The Giants已经三次获得世界职业棒球大赛冠军。故A项正确。]
2．Which of the following is basketball fans' favourite
A．Oracle Park．
B．The Chase Center．
C．Levi's Stadium．
D．The SAP Center．
B [细节理解题。根据题干中的basketball定位到Golden State Warriors Basketball部分。该部分中出现的the Chase Center就是篮球迷们最喜欢的地方。故B项正确。]
3．Who is the text intended for
A．Tour guides． B．Coaches．
C．Team leaders． D．Sports fans．
D [推理判断题。根据第一段首句可知，本文是在为运动爱好者推荐好去处。故文章是为运动迷们写的。故D项正确。]
篇
(2022·郑州市高中毕业班第二次质量预测)
My mother's phone does strange things．It rings in the middle of the night，and by the time she gets to it，there's no one there．The last time we were talking about this，my mother said，“It never used to happen with the old phone．”
“You mean the rotary (转动的) phone The black one You still have that？”
“Oh yeah，I have it．”
We had two of them．One was at the bar downstairs and the other was near the kitchen table upstairs．When the phone rang，I ran to answer it．I wanted to answer it．Someone somewhere thought of me，or they needed me．They took the time to look up my number，sit down and talk to me．
I remember rolling the phone cord between my fingers as I talked，just like some other girls．Sometimes，my eyes would dance as my brain drew the story a friend was telling．I wasn't going anywhere or doing anything because I was already somewhere and doing something important．I was listening and connecting．I was saying yes to this conversation and saying no to anything else．
When the landline was the only line，long-distance charges used to kick in at the city limits．My mother would often say，“You pay by the word，so pick a few and say them fast．” My parents used to get up at 4 in the morning to call relatives back home．My memories of those conversations are warm and loving．In those few moments，there was nothing else more important．That black phone was their only way to be together．
Now we take it for granted that we can talk to anyone anywhere．Yet we forget that making that call is about the connection．It's about human hearts thirsting for their lifeblood．
So if you are planning to call someone to talk，cry，celebrate or whatever，then call them．But show them that talking to them is more valuable than anything else．Devote yourself to the phone call for 5 minutes，or 10 or 60．Give yourself over to it．Fill people's hearts and let them fill yours．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。人们打电话是为了保持联系、联络感情，所以打电话时要用心专注。
4．What can be learned about the author's mother from paragraphs 1－3
A．She is not satisfied with her phone．
B．She will start to use her old phone again．
C．She can't keep up with the changing times．
D．She is surprised at the calls in the middle of the night．
A [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It never used to happen with the old phone．”可以推断，作者的母亲借助于“旧电话从来不这样”来表达自己对新手机的不满，故A项正确。]
5．What can be inferred about the author while she was using her old phone
A．She was absent-minded during calls．
B．She focused her mind on the conversations．
C．She thought by playing with the phone cord．
D．She enjoyed sharing stories with her friends．
B [推理判断题。根据第五段中的“I was listening ...to anything else．”可以推断，作者用旧电话的时候专注于电话通话，故B项正确。]
6．Why did the author's mother urge her to speak fast over the phone
A．She was waiting for calls from her relatives．
B．She wished to cut down on the phone bill．
C．The author had nothing important to say at all．
D．The phone was their only way to connect others．
B [推理判断题。根据第六段中的“...long-distance charges used...‘You pay by the word，so pick a few and say them fast．’”可以推断，母亲之所以让作者打电话的时候讲快点是为了省话费，故B项正确。]
7．What does the author want to express at the end of the passage
A．People should make devoted phone calls．
B．People should not take anything for granted．
C．People should call their loved ones more often．
D．People should not forget their days of old phones．
A [写作意图题。根据最后一段中的“Devote yourself to ...over to it．”可以推断，作者在最后一段想要告诉读者在打电话的时候要用心专注，故A项正确。]
篇
(2022·长春市高三质量监测)
Recently，scientific research suggests that mental health disorders affect up to 35 percent of top athletes at some stage of their careers．This can range from tiredness and eating disorders to depression and anxiety．The causes can be highly varied，with studies pointing to a range of contributing factors from poor sleep to selection pressures and early retirement due to injury．
American Simone Biles is widely considered to be the greatest gymnast(体操运动员) in the United States．When the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games began，she was expected to win five gold medals．But on July 27th，she pulled out of the team final．She made the choice after having trouble landing after her vault (跳跃) in the competition's first round．Later she said her mind was not in the right place to let her safely perform the difficult moves she is known for．In other words，her mind was not letting her body do what it needed to do．Cameras caught her telling her trainers during the team final，“I just don't trust myself．”
Biles is not the only Olympian in recent months to talk about the pressure and mental effects of competing at the highest level．Japanese tennis star Naomi Osaka lost in the second round of Olympic competition．She said she felt extreme pressure to win for Japan，where the Olympics were taking place．
Few coaches and officials in sports have an expert on understanding of mental health and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) also recognizes that there is a great need for practical assessment tools that can be used by medical professionals and anyone looking after athletes to protect athletes' mental health．
“Mental health issues should be discussed more openly in sport，because athletes are always concerned about selection，and they want to appear as strong as possible，”Scientific Director Dr．Richard Budgett says．“But in the end this may have negative effects，so we need to recognize the symptoms so that athletes can get proper management and help when they need them．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章以东京奥运会美国体操名将Simone Biles退出团体决赛引出话题，谈论了运动员的心理健康问题，并呼吁相关机构多关注运动员的心理健康并给予帮助。
8．What is the scientific research about
A．Athletes' living habits．
B．Athletes' mental health．
C．Causes of athletes' injuries．
D．Ways to reduce athletes' pressure．
B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Recently，scientific research suggests that mental health disorders...of their careers．”可知，本次研究是关于运动员的心理健康的，故B项正确。]
9．Why did Simone Biles quit the team final
A．She was in a bad state of mind．
B．She was badly hurt in the first round．
C．She was not good at the difficult moves．
D．She did not live up to her trainers' requirements．
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中讲到的“Later she said her mind was not in the right place...she is known for”可知，Biles退出团体决赛的原因是她的精神状态不好，故A项正确。]
10．What can be a solution to athletes' mental health issues according to the IOC
A．Recognizing the symptoms．
B．Discussing the issues privately．
C．Adopting suitable evaluation tools．
D．Offering professional training to coaches．
C [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“there is a great need...to protect athletes' mental health”可知，可以使用一些实用的评估工具来保护运动员的心理健康，故C项正确。]
11．What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To introduce two outstanding athletes．
B．To warn athletes about the danger of anxiety．
C．To draw people's attention to athletes' mental health．
D．To explain the importance of hard training to success．
C [写作意图题。根据文章内容尤其是最后一段中的“Mental health issues should be discussed more openly in sport”和“so we need to...when they need them”可知，本文主要讲到了对运动员心理健康的研究，旨在唤起人们对运动员心理健康的关注，故C项正确。]
Ⅱ．完形填空
(2022·潍坊市高三上学期考试)
With so many folks forced to stay at home during the pandemic，Mary O'Neill，99，was no exception．But as lockdown 1 ，Mary managed to create a special friendship with her neighbour—Benjamin Olson，aged 2．
Over time，Mary 2 through the chain-link fence as Benjamin learned to walk，talk，and 3 run and play．Despite the huge difference in their 4 ， Benjamin was drawn to his elderly neighbour， 5 in her presence．
Between the two，they 6 a game they could play over the chain-link fence．Benjamin would pass her a ball and she'd 7 it back to him with her walking stick．
“He's been 8 her ‘Mimi’，”Benjamin's mom Sarah told CBS News．“She'll call out‘Hey Benjamin！’when she sees him，and it's just been so 9 to watch it．”
As pandemic restrictions have 10 ， Mary and Benjamin's 11 continues to blossom on both sides of the fence—only now，the gate opened．
Benjamin 12 Mary on her backyard steps to play games，blow bubbles，and enjoy the activities that bring joy to both the young and the young 13 ．
“Friendships can just 14 in so many different ways，” Sarah told CBS．“I'm just really happy they were able to 15 this one—quarantine (隔离) or not，the pandemic or not．I'm happy，because it means a lot to her and it means a lot to him too．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了由于流行病，人们被迫待在家里。在此期间，99岁的老人和邻居2岁的小孩成了朋友，他们有着一份特殊的友谊。
1．A．wore on B．caught on
C．fell apart D．broke through
A [前文讲到由于流行病，许多人被迫待在家里，99岁的Mary也不例外。虽然封锁还在继续，但她有了一份特殊的友谊，故选A项。wear on“慢慢地过去，(光阴)荏苒”。]
2．A．got B．watched
C．dragged D．escaped
B [根据空后的“Benjamin learned to walk，talk”和“run and play”可知，这是孩子的成长过程，由此可推知Mary看着(watched) Benjamin成长。故选B项。]
3．A．apparently B．carefully
C．attentively D．eventually
D [根据语境和常识可知，Benjamin先学会了走路、说话，最终(eventually)学会了跑和玩耍。故选D项。]
4．A．ages B．responses
C．views D．habits
A [根据语境可知，他们一个99岁，一个2岁，尽管年龄(ages)相差很大，Benjamin还是被这位年长的邻居吸引住了，在她面前他很高兴(joyful)。故选A项。]
5．A．restless B．proud
C．joyful D．awkward
C [参见上题解析。]
6．A．developed B．won
C．selected D．provided
A [根据空后的“they could play over the chain-link fence”可知，这一老一少开发了(developed)一个他们可以通过钢丝网眼栅栏玩的游戏。故选A项。]
7．A．fetch B．hit
C．throw D．put
B [根据前面的“pass her a ball”可推知，孩子把球传给她，她就用手杖把球击回给他。故选B项“击(球)”。]
8．A．asking B．calling
C．making D．choosing
B [根据语境和下文的“She'll call out”可知，孩子一直称呼Mary为“Mimi”。故选B项。]
9．A．obvious B．easy
C．cute D．unique
C [根据生活常识和前文的“She'll call out‘Hey Benjamin！’when she sees him”可知，当我们看到这一幕的时候，我们会觉得非常可爱(cute)，故选C项。]
10．A．worsened B．begun
C．lifted D．risen
C [根据本段中的“only now，the gate opened”可推知，流行病封锁解除(lifted)了。故选C项。]
11．A．faith B．passion
C．leisure D．bond
D [根据空后的“continues to blossom on both sides of the fence”可知流行病封锁解除后，老人Mary和孩子Benjamin的关系(bond)在栅栏两边继续发展。故选D项。]
12．A．consults B．follows
C．pursues D．joins
D [根据空后的“on her backyard steps to play games，blow bubbles”可推知，孩子 Benjamin加入(joins)进来，与Mary一起在她家后院的台阶上玩游戏、吹泡泡。故选D项。]
13．A．at heart B．on foot
C．by hand D．in sight
A [根据语境可知，老人Mary和孩子Benjamin一起玩游戏、吹泡泡，心态比较年轻。此处表示给年轻人和内心(at heart)年轻的人都带来快乐的活动，故选A项。]
14．A．deepen B．happen
C．cease D．renew
B [根据语境可知，友谊有很多种不同的形成方式，故选B项。]
15．A．treasure B．keep
C．form D．continue
C [根据语境可知，这一老一少结下了(form)这一特殊的友谊。故选C项。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作
(2022·石家庄市高中毕业班教学质量检测)
假定你是李华，你校开展了社会实践系列活动，你参加了其中的烹饪课。请你写一封邮件，向你的外国笔友Thomas介绍以下内容：
1．活动目的；
2．课程介绍；
3．感悟收获。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
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【参考范文】
Dear Thomas，
How are you recently Now I'm delighted to share my school life with you．
In order to enrich our social experiences，various activities were held and I picked the cooking class where we could learn sources of food，basic knife skills，food decorating and traditional cooking methods．Through this class，we can really experience how valuable a dish is from a seed to food．Now we're becoming more aware of food waste problems．
How is your school life Looking forward to hearing from you．
Yours，
Li Hua
