(共66张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修一册
Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2018·浙江卷)Uncle Paul, my dad's friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos．
2．(心理描写)(2018·天津卷)My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest thrills of my life!
3．(人物描写)(2022·苏锡常镇模拟)Chris was an eight-year-old boy filled with energy, who excelled in every sport he played．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·沈阳市模拟)Harry Black was tired of the daily routine and always desired for something new to happen．One weekend in August Harry Black and his wife walked down to a river near their house．The sun was hot and they did not walk quickly．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the _________(footstep) of Van Gogh and Gauguin．
2．(2020·天津卷)Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who ________________(cheat) of her money．
3．(2020·浙江1月卷)I was running so fast that I _______(bounce) off the trunk and landed on my backside．
footsteps
had been cheated
bounced
核
心
单
词
检
测 4．Last night, the army ______(seize) the airport in a surprise attack．
5．I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we _____________(defeat)．
seized
were defeated
派生单词检测 1．People in the health ___________ think health is frequently thought to be __________ with a balanced diet and plenty of exercise．(associate)
2．If the knife is ___________，it will _______ improve your work efficiency．(sharp)
3．The sun _____ into my bedroom and I saw a small, _____ object lying on the ground．(shine)
4．He ________ that everyone would burst out laughing when he finished his joke, but his ___________ did not come true．(expect)
association
associated
sharpened
sharply
shone
shiny
expected
expectation
高频短语检测 a far cry from， give way， follow in one's footsteps， carry on， in a row， burst onto， pay off
1．(2021·北京卷)In a study, 2，000 people were asked to record their feelings and experiences for eight days ________．
2．If you work hard, the life in your future is ______________ what's now．
in a row
a far cry from
高频短语检测 3．All my hard work ________ in the end, and I finally passed the exam．
4．We must ________ till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions．
5．Miss Smith __________ the folk music scene in 2021 when she won the Young Traditional Musician of the Year．
paid off
carry on
burst onto
重点句式检测 1．掌握一门外语对我们的生活非常有帮助。(动词-ing形式短语作主语)
____________________________ is of great help in our life．
2．他们意识到太晚了而赶不上最后一趟火车。(too...to...)
They realized that it was ________________________________．
3．我坚持在空闲时间打篮球，这被认为对我们的健康非常重要。(非限制性定语从句)
I keep playing basketball in my spare time，______________________ of great significance to our health．
Mastering a foreign language
too late to catch the last train
which is thought to be
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 expectation n．预料，预期
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·全国甲卷)People in France expect you ______(eat) with a utensil in each hand．
②(2022·浙江1月卷)So far, she has raised $110, 000 with another $40, 000 ________(expect)．
③(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I ____________(expect)．
to eat
expected
had expected
④I'm determined to go all out to _______________________________ (不辜负父母的期望)．
⑤(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)_________________________(比预期的要快得多), Bernard returned with an empty basket．
live up to my parents' expectations
Much sooner than expected
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?beyond one's expectations 超出某人的预期
?live up to one's expectations 不辜负某人的期望
?expect v．预料；期待；期望；认为
?expect (sb．) to do sth．期待(某人)做某事
?as expected 不出所料
?expected adj．预料的，预期的
?unexpected adj．出乎意料的，始料不及的
语料输入——必备素材
?beyond everyone's expectations超出了所有人的预期
?an unexpected consequence一个意想不到的结果
2 assign v．分配，分派
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)All the ___________ will be submitted by the ________ date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system．(assign)
②Chinese forces have been assigned _______(help) with peacekeeping．
assignments
assigned
to help
完美写作——一句多译
老师们不应该给孩子们布置太多的家庭作业。
③Teachers shouldn't _________________________________．
④Teachers shouldn't ____________________________________．
assign students too much homework
assign too much homework to students
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?assign sb．sth．＝assign sth．to sb．分配某人某事
?assign sb．to do sth．指派某人做某事
?assignment n．任务；作业
语料输入——必备素材
?assign the best student to finish the job 指派最好的学生去完成这项工作
?be assigned to work at a county hospital after graduation 毕业后被分配到县医院上班
?finish the assignments in two hours 在两个小时之内完成任务
3 give way [课本义]倒塌，向下垮 [增补义] 让步，妥协
练中回想——语法填空
①______ (give) up his job was a small price to pay for his children's happiness．
②I believe old farming methods should give way __ improved modern ones．
③Fireflies give ___ flashes of light when they fly at night．
④The headmaster gave ____ the prizes to the winners at the sports meeting．
Giving
to
off
away
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
⑤At first he said nothing, and then _____________________________(他的沉默渐渐转为愤怒)．
his silence gave way to anger
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?give way to 被……取代；向……让步
?give out 放出，发出(光、热、声音等)；分发；公布；用完，耗尽
?give away 赠送，捐赠；泄露(秘密)；颁发
?give up 放弃；戒除
?give in 屈服；投降
?give off 放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等)
语料输入——必备素材
?never give way to terrorist threats 从不屈服于恐怖威胁
?give away their true ages 暴露了他们的真实年龄
4 burst onto 突然出现在……(指突然成功)
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·天津5月卷)Susan burst ____ tears after her baby's operation because she was moved．
②He burst __ without knocking at the door, which made me very angry．
into
in
完美写作——词汇升级
③When they heard the funny story, all the people present laughed suddenly．
→When they heard the funny story, all the people present ______________________________________．
burst out laughing/burst into laughter
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?burst out crying/laughing＝burst into tears/laughter 突然哭起来/笑起来
?burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/心花怒放
?burst in 突然闯进；插嘴
?burst into ...闯入……
语料输入——必备素材
?burst onto the literary scene 突然出现在文坛
?burst onto the world of fashion in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代的时装界突然成功
5 carry on [课本义]继续 [增补义] 坚持；经营；进行(生意、谈话等)
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·天津5月卷)A survey carried ___ last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city were in favour of the proposal for health care reform．
②If you carry __ driving like that, you'll end up having an accident．
③Not only can friends carry us _______ hard times but they can share our joy when we are happy．
out
on
through
完美写作——续写佳句之心理描写
④Her words have given him _________________________________________ (继续生活和工作的勇气)．
the courage to carry on with his life and
work
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?carry on with sth．/doing sth．继续做某事
?carry out 实行；执行；履行(诺言、义务等)
?carry through 使渡过(难关等)；完成
语料输入——必备素材
?carry on as normal 像往常一样继续做
?carry on with your work 接着干你的工作
?carry on peeling the potatoes 不停地削土豆皮
?carry out more similar activities in the future 将来多举办类似的活动
6 pay off [课本义]取得成功 [增补义] 得到好结果；偿清
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay ___ their schooling．
②Mary wanted to be a doctor and her persistence paid ___．
③That I can pay ____ the help people gave me makes me happy．
for
off
back
完美写作——记叙文佳句
④(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Although our clothes were soaked with sweat, we didn't mind it at all because ____________________(我们的努力得到了回报)．
our efforts paid off
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?pay for sth．付钱(买)；支付
?pay back 还钱；偿还；报复
?pay a visit to 参观；拜访
?pay attention to 注意；留心
语料输入——必备素材
?paid off all his debts 还清了他的所有债务
?paid me back the 100 dollars he owed me 还给我100美元的债款
?pay a visit to the nearby nursing home 去访问附近的敬老院
7 [教材原句]Despite his father's successful career, Stephen was thought by many people, including his high school teammates and coaches, to be too short, too thin and too weak to follow in his father's footsteps．
尽管父亲的职业生涯很成功，但是斯蒂芬的高中队友和教练等很多人都认为他太矮太瘦弱，无法延续他父亲的荣耀。
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅱ)It is never too late for people ________(start) taking exercise．
②They seemed to be too nervous and they were ___ anxious to leave as soon as possible．
to start
too
完美写作——一句多译记叙文佳句
玛丽学习太专注了，以至于没有听到外面的嘈杂声。
③Mary was ______________________________ the noise outside．
(too ...to ...)
④Mary was _______________________________________ the noise outside．(so ...that ...)
⑤I hate it when she calls me at work — ___________________________________________________(我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话)．
too absorbed in her study to hear
so absorbed in her study that she didn't hear
I'm always too busy to carry on
a conversation with her
练后归纳——句法分析
?“too...to...”结构，意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义。
?“too...to...”结构在表示肯定意义时有下列几种情况：
①和never, not等否定副词连用时，表示肯定意义，意为“无论……也不过分，越……越好”。
②当too后有pleased，willing，happy，glad，sad，anxious等表示人的情感状态的形容词时表示肯定意义。此时的too意为“非常，很，十分”。
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
It's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful college experience．
为健康且有意义的大学经历做些必要的准备永远都不会太早。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Daily ___________(assignment) not completed during class will get a zero．
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅱ)The couple has a high success rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner's ____________(expectation)．
assignments
expectations
3．On hearing the joke, all of the guests present burst out ________(laugh)．
4．Don't expect the little child _________(finish) all this work in so little time．
5．If you carry on _______(work) like that, you will break down sooner or later．
6．We all know that exercise is good for us, but sometimes it seems too hard ________(leave) the sofa．
laughing
to finish
working
to leave
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．We had intended to take a two-day trip, but we were ___ busy to afford it．
2．He will carry __ with his experiment despite strong opposition from his parents．
too
on
3．When you join a main road, remember to give way __ vehicles which are already on it．
4．Our determination and patience paid ___ with a breakthrough—we got full marks in the mid-examination．
to
off
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an ___________(associate)．
2．The car got stuck in the ______(mud) ground, which made us upset．
3．People are afraid of getting _______(cheat) when making friends online．
4．The novel _______(vivid) described the life of young people in the frontier region．
association
muddy
cheated
vividly
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．For a whole year I have worked __ a row, without a holiday．
2．My parents always attach great importance __ my getting a good education．
3．Having made the plan, the woman scientist set ___ to make the experiment．
4．Her father used to be a very famous doctor so she decided to follow __ his footsteps and become a doctor as well．
in
to
out
in
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system．_
A．分配；分派 B．委派 C．确定的；指定的
C
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests, like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke．_
A．射击 B．投篮
C．烈酒
3．(2021·全国甲卷)Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man．Safe．_
A．意志力 B．神经
C．厚颜
C
B
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2019·北京卷)Armed with this knowledge, they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people．
化繁为简本句的主干是they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns；Armed with this knowledge为过去分词短语作________，to cheat people为不定式短语作________。
[尝试解答]装备了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。
原因状语
目的状语
2．(2019·北京卷)If a basketball star is，for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance．
化繁为简本句是复合句，句子的主干是he may take a shot himself，前面是if引导的____________，后面是when引导的____________，最后affecting the team's performance是v．-ing形式作________。
[尝试解答]例如，如果一个球星想努力争取个人得分，他可能会在最好把球传给队友时选择个人投篮，从而影响了团队的表现。
条件状语从句
时间状语从句
结果状语
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
The young player Tom 1．____________(defeat) by his opponent in the tournament last week．He didn't lose heart, but carried on 2．________(train) hard．He was so steely that he seized each minute to sharpen his skills．3．_____________(unfortunate), he had his left leg injured while training one day．He was sent to hospital at once, 4．_____ he received a surgery．After a short time, he left the hospital and went on training．He always finished the training task 5．________ (assign) to him ahead of time．While his teammates were watching him
was defeated
training
Unfortunately
where
assigned
training, they found it hard to associate him with 6．__ injured person．In the end, his hard work and his endurance paid off．He performed very well in some intense matches and won the championship 7．__ a row, which was really beyond our 8．_____________(expect)．He was so gentle that he always got on well with his teammates．In addition, he was good at expressing 9．_______ (him) and he often could give a vivid description of what he 10．_________(see)in his daily life．In a word, he was a lovely and easy-going guy．
an
in
expectations
himself
had seen
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
你校近期举行了一次篮球比赛，假定你是学校英语报的记者，请写一篇报道，记述这次比赛的情况，内容包括：
1．比赛的时间、地点和人物；
2．赛前备战、比赛过程及结果。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
On April 10，the basketball final between Class 1 and Class 2 began on the basketball court．
Students spent a lot of time preparing for the basketball game before the sports event．Practising day in and day out was not easy for them．However, each team fought for winning the game．At first, Class 2 fell behind Class 1 in the game, but they didn't give up and seized every opportunity to attack．In the end, Class 2 defeated the opponent with one shot into the basket, which was beyond everyone's expectations．As a result, their dream came true and they won the game due to the cooperation between teammates．
The students of Class 2 think that the team spirit is the key to their remarkable performance and self-belief also contributes to their success．
动作描写之eye动“眼”(二)
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累
常诵 ①keep an eye on 注意 ②look sb．straight in the eye 直视某人的眼睛 ③narrow one's eyes 眯起眼睛 ④turn one's eyes to 把目光转向 ⑤shut one's eyes 闭上眼睛 ⑥squeeze one's eyes shut 紧紧闭上双眼
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用与eye相关的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①安妮的父亲眯起眼睛，想知道发生了什么事。
______________________________，wondering what had happened．
②听到门把手转动的声音，他向门那边看去。
______________________________ when he heard the handle turning．
Anne's father narrowed his eyes
He turned his eyes to the door
③看到安妮进来，她父亲困惑地上下打量着她。
__________________________________________________________ .(eye用作动词，分词作状语)
④她蓝色的眼睛里噙满泪水，却留意着她父亲的神情。
a．____________________________________________________________________.(并列句)
b．___________________________________________________________________________.(让步状语从句)
Eyeing Anne come in，her father eyed her up and down，confused
Her blue eyes were full of tears，but she kept an eye on her father's
expression
Though her blue eyes were full of tears，she kept an eye on her
father's expression
⑤安妮直视父亲的眼睛，告诉了他真相。
___________________________________________________________⑥得知真相后他紧闭上双眼，咬了咬嘴唇，泪水滑下脸颊。
a．When he learned the truth, ________________________________．
Tears ran down his cheeks．(简单句)
b．_____________________________________________________________________________________________.(with结构)
Anne looked her father straight in the eye and told him the truth．
he shut his eyes tightly and bit his lip
When he learned the truth，he shut his eyes tightly and bit his lip,
with tears running down his cheeks．续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2018·浙江卷)Uncle Paul, my dad's friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos． 2．(心理描写)(2018·天津卷)My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest thrills of my life! 3．(人物描写)(2022·苏锡常镇模拟)Chris was an eight-year-old boy filled with energy, who excelled in every sport he played． (2022·沈阳市模拟)Harry Black was tired of the daily routine and always desired for something new to happen．One weekend in August Harry Black and his wife walked down to a river near their house．The sun was hot and they did not walk quickly．
核心单词检测 1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps(footstep) of Van Gogh and Gauguin． 2．(2020·天津卷)Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated(cheat) of her money． 3．(2020·浙江1月卷)I was running so fast that I bounced(bounce) off the trunk and landed on my backside． 4．Last night, the army seized(seize) the airport in a surprise attack． 5．I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated(defeat)．
派生单词检测 1．People in the health association think health is frequently thought to be associated with a balanced diet and plenty of exercise．(associate) 2．If the knife is sharpened, it will sharply improve your work efficiency．(sharp) 3．The sun shone into my bedroom and I saw a small, shiny object lying on the ground．(shine) 4．He expected that everyone would burst out laughing when he finished his joke, but his expectation did not come true．(expect)
高频短语检测 a far cry from， give way， follow in one's footsteps， carry on， in a row， burst onto， pay off
1．(2021·北京卷)In a study, 2，000 people were asked to record their feelings and experiences for eight days in a row． 2．If you work hard, the life in your future is a far cry from what's now． 3．All my hard work paid off in the end, and I finally passed the exam． 4．We must carry on till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions． 5．Miss Smith burst onto the folk music scene in 2021 when she won the Young Traditional Musician of the Year．
重点句式检测 1．掌握一门外语对我们的生活非常有帮助。(动词-ing形式短语作主语) Mastering a foreign language is of great help in our life． 2．他们意识到太晚了而赶不上最后一趟火车。(too...to...) They realized that it was too late to catch the last train． 3．我坚持在空闲时间打篮球，这被认为对我们的健康非常重要。(非限制性定语从句) I keep playing basketball in my spare time，which is thought to be of great significance to our health．
1 expectation n．预料，预期
①(2022·全国甲卷)People in France expect you to eat(eat) with a utensil in each hand．
②(2022·浙江1月卷)So far, she has raised $110, 000 with another $40, 000 expected(expect)．
③(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I had expected(expect)．
④I'm determined to go all out to live up to my parents' expectations(不辜负父母的期望)．
⑤(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Much sooner than expected(比预期的要快得多), Bernard returned with an empty basket．
?beyond one's expectations 超出某人的预期
?live up to one's expectations 不辜负某人的期望
?expect v．预料；期待；期望；认为
?expect (sb．) to do sth．期待(某人)做某事
?as expected 不出所料
?expected adj．预料的，预期的
?unexpected adj．出乎意料的，始料不及的
?beyond everyone's expectations超出了所有人的预期
?an unexpected consequence一个意想不到的结果
2 assign v．分配，分派
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system．(assign)
②Chinese forces have been assigned to help(help) with peacekeeping．
老师们不应该给孩子们布置太多的家庭作业。
③Teachers shouldn't assign students too much homework．
④Teachers shouldn't assign too much homework to students．
?assign sb．sth．＝assign sth．to sb．分配某人某事
?assign sb．to do sth．指派某人做某事
?assignment n．任务；作业
?assign the best student to finish the job 指派最好的学生去完成这项工作
?be assigned to work at a county hospital after graduation 毕业后被分配到县医院上班
?finish the assignments in two hours 在两个小时之内完成任务
3 give way [课本义]倒塌，向下垮 [增补义] 让步，妥协
①Giving (give) up his job was a small price to pay for his children's happiness．
②I believe old farming methods should give way to improved modern ones．
③Fireflies give off flashes of light when they fly at night．
④The headmaster gave away the prizes to the winners at the sports meeting．
⑤At first he said nothing, and then his silence gave way to anger(他的沉默渐渐转为愤怒)．
?give way to 被……取代；向……让步
?give out 放出，发出(光、热、声音等)；分发；公布；用完，耗尽
?give away 赠送，捐赠；泄露(秘密)；颁发
?give up 放弃；戒除
?give in 屈服；投降
?give off 放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等)
?never give way to terrorist threats 从不屈服于恐怖威胁
?give away their true ages 暴露了他们的真实年龄
4 burst onto 突然出现在……(指突然成功)
①(2020·天津5月卷)Susan burst into tears after her baby's operation because she was moved．
②He burst in without knocking at the door, which made me very angry．
③When they heard the funny story, all the people present laughed suddenly．
→When they heard the funny story, all the people present burst out laughing/burst into laughter．
?burst out crying/laughing＝burst into tears/laughter 突然哭起来/笑起来
?burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/心花怒放
?burst in 突然闯进；插嘴
?burst into ...闯入……
?burst onto the literary scene 突然出现在文坛
?burst onto the world of fashion in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代的时装界突然成功
5 carry on [课本义]继续 [增补义] 坚持；经营；进行(生意、谈话等)
①(2020·天津5月卷)A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city were in favour of the proposal for health care reform．
②If you carry on driving like that, you'll end up having an accident．
③Not only can friends carry us through hard times but they can share our joy when we are happy．
④Her words have given him the courage to carry on with his life and work(继续生活和工作的勇气)．
?carry on with sth．/doing sth．继续做某事
?carry out 实行；执行；履行(诺言、义务等)
?carry through 使渡过(难关等)；完成
?carry on as normal 像往常一样继续做
?carry on with your work 接着干你的工作
?carry on peeling the potatoes 不停地削土豆皮
?carry out more similar activities in the future 将来多举办类似的活动
6 pay off [课本义]取得成功 [增补义] 得到好结果；偿清
①(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling．
②Mary wanted to be a doctor and her persistence paid off．
③That I can pay back the help people gave me makes me happy．
④(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Although our clothes were soaked with sweat, we didn't mind it at all because our efforts paid off(我们的努力得到了回报)．
?pay for sth．付钱(买)；支付
?pay back 还钱；偿还；报复
?pay a visit to 参观；拜访
?pay attention to 注意；留心
?paid off all his debts 还清了他的所有债务
?paid me back the 100 dollars he owed me 还给我100美元的债款
?pay a visit to the nearby nursing home 去访问附近的敬老院
7 [教材原句]Despite his father's successful career, Stephen was thought by many people, including his high school teammates and coaches, to be too short, too thin and too weak to follow in his father's footsteps． 尽管父亲的职业生涯很成功，但是斯蒂芬的高中队友和教练等很多人都认为他太矮太瘦弱，无法延续他父亲的荣耀。
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅱ)It is never too late for people to start(start) taking exercise．
②They seemed to be too nervous and they were too anxious to leave as soon as possible．
玛丽学习太专注了，以至于没有听到外面的嘈杂声。
③Mary was too absorbed in her study to hear the noise outside．(too ...to ...)
④Mary was so absorbed in her study that she didn't hear the noise outside．(so ...that ...)
⑤I hate it when she calls me at work — I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her(我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话)．
?“too...to...”结构，意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义。
?“too...to...”结构在表示肯定意义时有下列几种情况：
①和never, not等否定副词连用时，表示肯定意义，意为“无论……也不过分，越……越好”。
②当too后有pleased，willing，happy，glad，sad，anxious等表示人的情感状态的形容词时表示肯定意义。此时的too意为“非常，很，十分”。
It's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful college experience．
为健康且有意义的大学经历做些必要的准备永远都不会太早。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Daily assignments(assignment) not completed during class will get a zero．
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅱ)The couple has a high success rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner's expectations(expectation)．
3．On hearing the joke, all of the guests present burst out laughing(laugh)．
4．Don't expect the little child to finish(finish) all this work in so little time．
5．If you carry on working(work) like that, you will break down sooner or later．
6．We all know that exercise is good for us, but sometimes it seems too hard to leave(leave) the sofa．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．We had intended to take a two-day trip, but we were too busy to afford it．
2．He will carry on with his experiment despite strong opposition from his parents．
3．When you join a main road, remember to give way to vehicles which are already on it．
4．Our determination and patience paid off with a breakthrough—we got full marks in the mid-examination．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association(associate)．
2．The car got stuck in the muddy(mud) ground, which made us upset．
3．People are afraid of getting cheated(cheat) when making friends online．
4．The novel vividly(vivid) described the life of young people in the frontier region．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．For a whole year I have worked in a row, without a holiday．
2．My parents always attach great importance to my getting a good education．
3．Having made the plan, the woman scientist set out to make the experiment．
4．Her father used to be a very famous doctor so she decided to follow in his footsteps and become a doctor as well．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system．C
A．分配；分派 B．委派 C．确定的；指定的
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests, like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke．C
A．射击 B．投篮
C．烈酒
3．(2021·全国甲卷)Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man．Safe．B
A．意志力 B．神经
C．厚颜
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2019·北京卷)Armed with this knowledge, they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people．
本句的主干是they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns；Armed with this knowledge为过去分词短语作原因状语，to cheat people为不定式短语作目的状语。
[尝试解答]装备了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。
2．(2019·北京卷)If a basketball star is，for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance．
本句是复合句，句子的主干是he may take a shot himself，前面是if引导的条件状语从句，后面是when引导的时间状语从句，最后affecting the team's performance是v．-ing形式作结果状语。
[尝试解答]例如，如果一个球星想努力争取个人得分，他可能会在最好把球传给队友时选择个人投篮，从而影响了团队的表现。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
The young player Tom 1．was defeated(defeat) by his opponent in the tournament last week．He didn't lose heart, but carried on 2．training(train) hard．He was so steely that he seized each minute to sharpen his skills．3．Unfortunately(unfortunate), he had his left leg injured while training one day．He was sent to hospital at once, 4．where he received a surgery．After a short time, he left the hospital and went on training．He always finished the training task 5．assigned (assign) to him ahead of time．While his teammates were watching him training, they found it hard to associate him with 6．an injured person．In the end, his hard work and his endurance paid off．He performed very well in some intense matches and won the championship 7．in a row, which was really beyond our 8．expectations (expect)．He was so gentle that he always got on well with his teammates．In addition, he was good at expressing 9．himself (him) and he often could give a vivid description of what he 10．had seen (see)in his daily life．In a word, he was a lovely and easy-going guy．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
你校近期举行了一次篮球比赛，假定你是学校英语报的记者，请写一篇报道，记述这次比赛的情况，内容包括：
1．比赛的时间、地点和人物；
2．赛前备战、比赛过程及结果。
注意：词数80左右。
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【参考范文】
On April 10，the basketball final between Class 1 and Class 2 began on the basketball court．
Students spent a lot of time preparing for the basketball game before the sports event．Practising day in and day out was not easy for them．However, each team fought for winning the game．At first, Class 2 fell behind Class 1 in the game, but they didn't give up and seized every opportunity to attack．In the end, Class 2 defeated the opponent with one shot into the basket, which was beyond everyone's expectations．As a result, their dream came true and they won the game due to the cooperation between teammates．
The students of Class 2 think that the team spirit is the key to their remarkable performance and self-belief also contributes to their success．
动作描写之eye动“眼”(二)
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累 常诵 ①keep an eye on 注意 ②look sb．straight in the eye 直视某人的眼睛 ③narrow one's eyes 眯起眼睛 ④turn one's eyes to 把目光转向 ⑤shut one's eyes 闭上眼睛 ⑥squeeze one's eyes shut 紧紧闭上双眼
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用与eye相关的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①安妮的父亲眯起眼睛，想知道发生了什么事。
Anne's father narrowed his eyes，wondering what had happened．
②听到门把手转动的声音，他向门那边看去。
He turned his eyes to the door when he heard the handle turning．
③看到安妮进来，她父亲困惑地上下打量着她。
Eyeing Anne come in，her father eyed her up and down，confused．(eye用作动词，分词作状语)
④她蓝色的眼睛里噙满泪水，却留意着她父亲的神情。
a．Her blue eyes were full of tears，but she kept an eye on her father's expression．(并列句)
b．Though her blue eyes were full of tears，she kept an eye on her father's expression．(让步状语从句)
⑤安妮直视父亲的眼睛，告诉了他真相。
Anne looked her father straight in the eye and told him the truth．
⑥得知真相后他紧闭上双眼，咬了咬嘴唇，泪水滑下脸颊。
a．When he learned the truth, he shut his eyes tightly and bit his lip．Tears ran down his cheeks．(简单句)
b．When he learned the truth，he shut his eyes tightly and bit his lip, with tears running down his cheeks．(with结构)
课时分层作业(二十一)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇（限时6分钟）
(2022·洛阳市第一次统考)
Angela Pozzi didn't like seeing plastic trash washed up on the shore near her home in Bandon，Oregon．She wanted to unite her community to clean it up，so she started an organization and called it Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea．
Volunteers help clean up Oregon's 300 miles of the shoreline．Then，using only plastics from the beach clean-up，Ms Pozzi and her staff and，many volunteers create sculptures of sea animals．Ms Pozzi says，“I want to create sculptures that，hopefully，will make people consider their plastic purchases and be aware of how so much plastic ends up in the ocean．”
Since 2010，more than 10，000 volunteers have collected 21 tons of trash and helped create more than 70 works of art．Four travelling exhibits have displayed the sculptures in more than 18 places．Shedd Aquarium in Chicago，Illinois，hosted an exhibit through September 2018．
People have used plastics to create life-saving medical devices，inexpensive containers and gadgets，and toys，of course．But unlike wood，cotton，and other natural materials，plastics don't break down into anything useful．Instead，they stay for years in landfills，waterways，and the ocean．The materials are harmful to some sea animals，such as turtles，sea lions，and birds．Some of these creatures eat plastic objects that look like food．Others become entangled (被紧紧缠住) in plastic nets or packaging．
Ms Pozzi gives credit to everyone who helps．“One person didn't create these sculptures，” she says．“Some people have picked up the plastic; others have sorted the items by color．Still others have washed each piece of plastic trash．Volunteers have drilled holes or helped to make the small wire-stitched panels，while others have welded (焊接) the giant frames．I do the heads and detail work，and my staff and I take all the pieces everyone contributes to finish the work，” says Ms Pozzi．“Until we run out of plastic on the beach，the work will continue．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。看到塑料垃圾源源不断地被海浪冲到她家附近的海岸上，Angela Pozzi联合当地社区，成立公益组织收集海洋塑料垃圾将它们制作成艺术品。她要让人们意识到，塑料垃圾对海洋造成的危害是多么巨大。
1．According to the passage，Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea ．
A．is an official organization
B．collects plastics for money
C．turns waste into artworks
D．aims to prevent the use of plastics
C [细节理解题。根据第一段尾句中的“Washed Ashore：Art to Save the Sea”及第三段的第一句“Since 2010 ...70 works of art．”可知，自2010年以来，该组织中一万多名志愿者收集了21吨垃圾，并帮助创作了70多件艺术品。据此可知，该组织将塑料垃圾制作成艺术品。]
2．What do the numbers in paragraph 3 mainly tell us
A．The long history of the organization．
B．The accomplishments of the organization．
C．The sculptures are popular in many places．
D．Many people are in favour of the organization．
B [段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要描写了该公益组织取得的成就：自2010年以来，一万多名志愿者收集了21吨垃圾，并帮助创作了70多件艺术品；四个巡回展览已经在超过18个地方展出了这些雕塑等。]
3．Which can best describe plastics according to the passage
A．A double-edged sword．
B．A threat to living things．
C．More stable in landfills．
D．Food for sea creatures．
A [推理判断题。通读第四段可知，人们用塑料制造挽救生命的医疗器械、廉价的容器、小器械和玩具，但塑料对海洋动物产生了很大的危害。据此可以推知，塑料是一把双刃剑。]
篇
(2022·厦门市高三第三次质量检测)
Life continually requires that we write down a few words of thanks: for holidays，meals，presents or people's place in our hearts．However，too often，our messages end up flat or somewhat unconvincing．To make our messages more effective，we might take a lesson from the history of art．
To some extent，what distinguishes great from common art is the level of detail with which the world has been studied．A talented artist is，first and foremost，someone who takes us into the specifics of the reasons why an experience or a place felt valuable．They don't merely tell us that spring is “nice”；they zero in on the particular contributing factors to this niceness: leaves that have the softness of a newborn's hands，the contrast between a warm sun and a sharp breeze，the soft cry of baby blackbirds...
Some of the reason why great artists are rare is that our minds are not well set up to understand why we feel as we do．But we can be confident if our minds have been affected，the reasons why they've been so will be somewhere，waiting to be uncovered．We stand to realize that it wasn't so much that the food was “delicious”， but that the potatoes in particular had a charming rosemary and garlic flavour．A friend wasn't just “nice”；they brought in a hugely sensitive and generous tone to ask us what it had been like for us when we suffered．The details will be there，waiting for us to catch them．
We don't have to be great artists to send effective thank-you notes．We just need to locate and hold on tightly to two or three highly detailed reasons for our gratitude．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。在信息时代，我们缺少一颗感恩的心。我们可以从艺术史中，向伟大的艺术家学习。他们抓住一些小细节进行描绘，所以作者建议我们在表达感恩和感谢时应该找到并紧紧抓住两三个非常详细的理由。
4．What can we infer from paragraph 1
A．We seldom express gratitude by writing．
B．We usually find messages of thanks touching．
C．We should take a course in message writing．
D．We may draw inspiration for thank-yous from arts．
D [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“To make our messages more effective，we might take a lesson from the history of art．”可知，为了使我们的信息更有效，我们可以从艺术史中学习。由此可推知，我们可以从艺术中获得感谢的灵感。故D项正确。]
5．What does the underlined phrase “zero in on” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Leave out． B．Clear up．
C．Focus on． D．Hold back．
C [语义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句的前句和后句信息可知，艺术家不仅仅告诉我们春天很美好，而且还告诉我们一些(这种美好的)细节如：似新生儿柔软的手的树叶，温暖的阳光和刺骨的微风的反差，小鸟轻柔的叫声……。由此可推知，画线处应是指艺术家还专注描写细节。故“zero in on”应是“专注于”。A项意为“省略”；B项意为“清理”；D项意为“阻止”。故选C项。]
6．How is paragraph 3 developed
A．By classification． B．By example．
C．By definition． D．By process．
B [推理判断题。第三段以土豆有香味和朋友的关心两个小细节为例论证：细节等待着我们去捕捉。故第三段是通过举例来论证观点。故B项正确。]
7．Which would the author recommend to express gratitude
A．I am blessed to have such a wonderful week．
B．Your caring and warm smile lights up my day．
C．Thank you so much for your great present．
D．This is the most delicious dinner I've ever had．
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“We just need to locate and hold on tightly to two or three highly detailed reasons for our gratitude．”可知，作者认为在表达感谢时应该找到并紧紧抓住两三个非常详细的理由，所以作者会推荐B项(你的关怀和温暖的微笑照亮了我的一天)，因为B项属于这种详细的理由。故B项正确。]
篇
(2022·厦门市第三次质量检测)
It's mid-February and along Britain's south coast gilt-head bream (鲷鱼) are swimming from the open sea into the river mouths．And this summer，countryside visitors throughout southern England will catch sight of blue flashes as small red-eyed damselflies fly across starry ponds．Both events are happening much further north than they would have 20 years ago．
Fingers point at climate change．As areas become too hot or dry，many wildlife populations are declining，while some species are showing up in places that were historically too cold or wet．
Our team，led by Alba Estrada，wanted to explain this phenomenon．If we could predict which species can and can't colonise (大批生长) in new locations，we could decide which are most in need of conservation．
How far individual animals or plant seeds can move was long thought to be the most important factor．But according to our findings，other characteristics also turned out to be highly important．For example，how quickly plants and animals can produce，how well they can compete with other species for resources，and what kinds of food they can eat or habitat they can live in．
The result of this is that we might be able to predict which animals will survive under climate change．The wood mouse is found throughout continental Europe．As climate changes，we think the mouse will move north because it can breed quickly，live in lots of habitats，has a broad diet，and individuals can travel a long way．And consider the European ground squirrel．We think it might stay just in southeast Europe because it can only live in grasslands and climate change won't suddenly turn farms and forests into meadows (草地)．
It's encouraging to know that some species are doing well under climate change．There are some headaches，however．Those gilt-head bream are feeding on the local shellfish，which might be taking food away from the native fish．Small red-eyed damselflies look great，but they could become all too common around British ponds and outcompete native species．Climate change is once again posing us some tricky conservation questions．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。气候变化使一些物种迁移到新的地区，作者的研究团队试图解释这个现象，并对这个现象带来的利弊进行了分析。
8．What can we learn from paragraph 1& paragraph 2
A．People hold events to observe different species．
B．Visitors have damaged the homes of many species．
C．Species preferred an extremely cold and wet environment．
D．Climate change makes some species move to new areas．
D [推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，由于气候变化，许多野生动物的数量正在下降，而一些物种出现在历史上太冷或太湿的地方，再结合第一段鲷鱼向河口迁移，一种蜻蜓出现在新区域。由此可推知，气候变化使一些物种迁移到新的地区。故D项正确。]
9．What's paragraph 4 mainly about
A．What factors can influence species' colonisation．
B．How far individual animals can travel．
C．Why some species are declining．
D．Where most species tend to live．
A [段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，动物或植物种子能移动多远长久以来被认为是最重要的因素，但研究发现，其他特征也非常重要，下文进行举例说明。由此可知，第四段主要是讲什么因素可以影响物种的移居。故A项正确。]
10．Which might stand the least chance of colonisation
A．Gilt-head bream．
B．Red-eyed damselflies．
C．Wood mice．
D．Ground squirrels．
D [推理判断题。题干问下列哪一种最不可能移居。根据第五段中的“And consider the European ground squirrel．We think it might stay just in southeast Europe because it can only live in grasslands and climate change won't suddenly turn farms and forests into meadows．”可知，欧洲地松鼠可能会留在东南欧，无法移居。而第一段中讲到鲷鱼向河口移动，一种蜻蜓出现在英格兰南部的乡村(新区域)和第五段中的小林姬鼠会向北迁移。故欧洲地松鼠最不可能移居。故D项正确。]
11．What's the team's attitude towards the colonisation
A．Ambiguous． B．Doubtful．
C．Objective． D．Optimistic．
C [观点态度题。根据最后一段第一、二句“It's encouraging to know that some species are doing well under climate change．There are some headaches，however．”可知，令人鼓舞的是，一些物种在气候变化下表现良好。不过，也有一些令人头痛的问题。由此可推知，该团队对动物移居的态度是客观的。A项意为“模棱两可的”；B项意为“怀疑的”；D项意为“乐观的”。故C项正确。]
Ⅱ．完形填空
(2022·石家庄质检一)
A couple of years ago，I stepped off the subway in Upper Manhattan，worn out after a long and stressful day at work， 1 about the warmth of my bed．I stopped in a grocery store on the way to my apartment to buy a bag of popcorn．
A man about three times my size 2 in front of me at the cash register and turned toward me，telling me I looked 3 ．I smiled uncomfortably and became noticeably more 4 ， as a young woman does when a 5 man starts talking to her at night．He turned toward the cashier and said that he was going to get my snack too．I politely declined his 6 and was already pulling out my wallet，but this man wouldn't 7 me to say no．He 8 the cashier a couple of extra dollars to cover my popcorn and told me that he hoped my 9 got better．He walked out of the 10 and I never saw him again．
The world is full of love and 11 ．But most of the time，it's so 12 to get caught up in our own routine and everyday personal worries that we just don't remember to 13 those around us．The man who 14 for my popcorn has 15 with me and inspired me to help others who look like they could need a hand．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。几年前，作者下班后拖着疲惫的身躯去便利店买零食。在作者结账的时候，一名陌生的男子转向作者，说作者看起来有些疲惫。作者变得很警惕。之后，这名陌生男子执意要为作者付款，在祝作者晚上愉快之后，离开了便利店。作者被陌生人的善意打动，想要在以后将这份善意传递下去。
1．A．dreaming B．worrying
C．forgetting D．inquiring
A [根据常识和上文中的“worn out after a long and stressful day at work”可知，作者忙碌了一天，下班后，梦想着自己温暖的床。]
2．A．hid B．stood
C．served D．shouted
B [根据下文中的“at the cash register and turned toward me”和语境可知，这名男子是一个等待结账的顾客，他站在作者前面。]
3．A．embarrassed B．annoyed
C．excited D．tired
D [结合上文中的“worn out after a long and stressful day at work”和语境可知，这名男子说作者看起来有些疲惫。]
4．A．ashamed B．curious
C．alarmed D．energetic
C [根据常识可知，一名陌生男子在晚上和女士搭讪会让女士警惕，所以作者不由得警惕起来。]
5．A．rude B．strange
C．considerate D．strong
B [参见上题解析。]
6．A．invitation B．application
C．reward D．offer
D [根据上文中的“said that he was going to get my snack too”可知，这名男子提议要为作者结账。]
7．A．allow B．remind
C．force D．convince
A [结合下文中的“He the cashier a couple of extra dollars to cover my popcorn”可知，尽管作者已经在掏钱包，但是这名陌生的男子不允许作者拒绝，执意要帮作者结账。]
8．A．cast B．lent
C．handed D．spared
C [根据常识可知，陌生男子递给了收银员额外的钞票帮作者结账。]
9．A．career B．health
C．stay D．night
D [根据上文中的“worn out after a long and stressful day at work”可知，作者下班后拖着疲惫的身体去便利店，因此，陌生人祝作者晚上能过得更好点。]
10．A．company B．store
C．apartment D．station
B [根据上文中的“I stopped in a grocery store on the way”可知，故事发生在便利店，陌生人帮作者结完账后，离开了便利店。]
11．A．kindness B．patience
C．strength D．respect
A [根据作者的经历可以看出，世界上充满了爱和善意。]
12．A．relaxing B．embarrassing
C．easy D．critical
C [结合作者的经历可知，绝大部分时间我们很容易被自己的杂事和个人担忧困扰，以至于忘记去了解身边的人。]
13．A．rely on B．wait on
C．knock into D．tune in to
D [参见上题解析。tune in to“理解，体谅”；wait on“服侍，等待”。]
14．A．charged B．hunted
C．paid D．fought
C [根据上文中的“a couple of extra dollars to cover my popcorn”可知，陌生人帮作者支付了爆米花的钱。]
15．A．dealt B．stuck
C．debated D．agreed
B [根据语境和常识可知，这名男子被作者铭记于心，他激励作者去帮助那些需要帮助的人。stick with“被铭记于心”。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作
(2022·湖南雅礼中学12月模拟)
今天上午你和你的美国朋友Allen一起去市博物馆参观了中国剪纸艺术展(the Chinese Paper-cutting Show)。请你写一篇英文日记，内容包括：
1．时间、地点；
2．展览情况；
3．看展收获。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文】
Dec．6，2022 TuesdayFine
This morning，I as well as Allen paid a visit to the city museum，where the Chinese Paper-cutting Show was held．We had a satisfying and memorable time．
The show kicked off at 8：30．Numerous delicate and creative works，ranging from beautiful flowers to lovely animals，were on display，which gave us a deep impression．Besides，some well-preserved paper-cuttings were also exhibited to show the wisdom of our ancestors．Through this show，not only was our friendship enhanced but also we harvested the knowledge of the Chinese paper-cutting．How meaningful today was!
Hopefully，our school can provide the paper-cutting courses to let students learn the art so as to better preserve it．
