(共58张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修一册
Unit 5 Revealing nature
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2022·广东省七校联考)Meghan nodded seriously, eyes filled with held-back tears．
2．(心理描写)(2022·济南市模拟)“Fascinating，” I thought, feeling like a man who discovered a buried treasure in his own backyard．
3．(人物描写)(2022·济宁市模拟)Alice had yellow hair, skin which was as white as milk, and eyes as blue as the sky．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·邵阳市模拟)She exaggerated(夸大) the matter, added her own spice to it and made it the hottest topic in the school．It was like someone had stabbed a knife in my back．After she revealed my secret, everyone at school started laughing at me and gazing at me wherever I passed．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2022·浙江1月卷)When the answer was no, she ________(decline) the invitation．
2．(2021·天津卷)Art _________(generate) money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities．
3．(2020·江苏卷)Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional _______(sample) of the men's blood and fat tissue．
declined
generates
samples
核
心
单
词
检
测 4．In reality, experts believe that the illness _________(link) to the use of chemical pesticide．
5．It is you as well as your wife that are ________(blame) for your son's bad performance at school．
is linked
to blame
派生单词检测 1．His problems are deeply ______ in his childhood experiences．He had a ________ childhood moving from place to place．(root)
2．The police _________ that the two men caught yesterday were connected with another case．They were more __________．(suspect)
rooted
rootless
suspected
suspicious
派生单词检测 3．During the meal he spoke with ______________ enthusiasm, and __________________，he paid for us．(character)
4．Small quantities of poison were ________ in the dead man's stomach．The _________ of crime is not always easy．(detect)
5．It has been confirmed that the three species _______ from a single ancestor and the _________ took a long time．(evolve)
characteristic
characteristically
detected
detection
evolved
evolution
高频短语检测 answer the call，of all time，in question，be crowded with，a variety of，(be) native to，drive ...away
1．(2022·全国甲卷)Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot _________ Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old．
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with __ astonishing __________ wildlife．
native to
an
variety of
高频短语检测 3．Mozart is regarded to be one of the most talented musicians ___________．
4．You are expected to _______________ with immediate action without hesitation．
5．The waiting room _______________ passengers waiting for the bus to come，so it is very noisy．
of all time
answer the call
is crowded with
重点句式检测 1．从观众的反应来看，这次演出相当成功。 (主语从句)
It seemed ___________________________________ from the response of the audience．
2．据说来自其他学校的一些教师和学生也将被邀请表演。(不定式作主补)
Some teachers and students from other schools are said _____________ to give performances as well．
3．这款软件改变了我们的交友方式。(定语从句)
This software has changed the way _________________________．
that the performance was quite a success
to be invited
(that/in which) we make friends
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 suspect [课本义]v．猜想，怀疑，觉得 [增补义]n．嫌疑人
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)...on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when _________(suspect) of drug dealing．
②One of the ________(suspect) resigned after being suspected of theft．
suspected
suspects
完美写作——一句多译
汤姆的朋友怀疑他偷了她的手机，这让汤姆非常难过。
③Tom‘s friend ____________________________________________，which made Tom very upset．(suspect that)
④Tom‘s friend ____________________________________________，which made Tom very upset．(suspect sb．of)
suspected that he had stolen her mobile phone
suspected him of stealing her mobile phone
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?suspect sb．of (doing) sth．怀疑某人(做了)某事
?suspect sb．as/to be ...怀疑某人是……，猜想某人是……
?suspect that ...怀疑/猜想……
语料输入——必备素材
?suspect his neighbour of stealing his money 怀疑他的邻居偷了他的钱
?suspect him to be/as a thief怀疑他是小偷
?be suspected of causing over 200 deaths 被怀疑造成200多人死亡
2 decline [课本义]v．减少 [增补义]v．下降；衰落；婉言谢绝 n．减少；下降；衰落，衰败
练中回想——语法填空
①Fish stocks in the Baltic are __ decline．
②The number of tourists to the resort declined __ 10% last year．
③She declined _______(have) lunch with her friend, saying that she wasn't feeling well．
in
by
to have
完美写作——续写佳句之背景描写
④(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)_______________________________________ (由于经济衰退), some people in the town had lost their jobs．
As the economy was in decline/on the decline
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?decline by/to 减少了/减少到……
?decline to do sth．拒绝做某事
?in decline＝on the decline 在衰退，在下降，走下坡路
语料输入——必备素材
?the economic decline 经济衰退
?a sharp decline in population 人口急剧下降
3 blame [课本义]v．责怪，指责；把……归咎于 [增补义]n．责备；过失
练中回想——语法填空
①________(blame)for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits．
②The police believe more than one person is ________(blame) for the fire．
③Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame __ the alarm clock．
Blamed
to blame
on
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
④Don't always ________________________________(把你的失败归咎于别人)．Sometimes _________________________(要怪你自己)．
blame your own failure on others
you yourself are to blame
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?blame sb．/sth．for sth．因……而责备某人/事
?blame sth．on sb．把某事怪到某人头上
?be to blame (for) 应受指责
?get/take the blame for...为……承担责任
?lay/ put the blame on sb．把某事归咎于某人
语料输入——必备素材
be blamed for so many mistakes 由于这么多错误而受到责备
4 drive...away驱走；驶离
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven ____ a number of birds．
②His passion for traditional Chinese culture drove him _______(come) to China．
away
to come
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
③The children in the town often made fun of her, _____________________(这让她发疯)．
which drove her crazy
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?drive off 驱车离去；驶去
?drive ...out 迫使……离开
?drive sb．to/into ...迫使某人进入(某状态)
?drive sb．to do sth．迫使某人做某事
?drive sb．crazy/mad 把某人逼得发疯/发狂
语料输入——必备素材
?drive the car away 把车开走了
?drive him to despair 逼得他走投无路
?drive him to ask for help 迫使他求助
5 [教材原句]It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island．
它们的喙似乎是根据所在岛屿上可觅得的食物进化而来的。
练中回想——语法填空
①__ seems as if everybody else knew about the truth except me．
②With the development of society, we seem ____________(lose) a lot of tradition．
③The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition．She seemed ________________(prepare) for it pretty well．
It
to be losing
to have prepared
完美写作——续写佳句之心理描写
④_________________________________________________________ (跑道似乎对于小孩子来说极其漫长), not to mention a child with a heart disease．
It seemed that the runway was extremely long for young children
练后归纳——句法分析
?It seems (to sb．) that/as if ...(某人)看起来好像……
?There seem(s) to be ...看起来有……
?seem (to be) ＋adj．/n．看起来好像……
?seem to do/to be doing/to have done ...看起来要做……/正在做……/已经做了……
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
It seems that some teenagers think that they look cool when they smoke．
好像有些青少年认为他们抽烟时看起来很酷。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Tom seemed ___________(do) his homework when his mother came in．
2．So far, the police have caught several ________(suspect) of the crime．
3．It was the professor rather than his assistant that was ________(blame) for what had happened in the lab．
to be doing
suspects
to blame
4．When asked for comments, the spokesperson declined ______(say)anything about the matter．
5．______(blame) for the accident, the driver had been fined a great deal．
6．__________(suspect) the traveler of carrying drugs, the Customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase．
to say
Blamed
Suspecting
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．It makes me very sad, because I see things are __ the decline．
2．Farmers usually spray pesticides to drive ____ insects to protect their crops．
3．You shouldn't put the blame __ others．You should reflect on your own action．
4．The police suspected him __ holding out on information important to the case．
on
away
on
of
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．The new test should enable doctors _________ (detect) the disease early．
2．The twins have quite different _______________(character)．
to detect
characteristics
3．(2022·全国乙卷)At present it is expected ___________(generate) ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports．
4．Asia and Europe, being two different areas, __________(link) together by mountains and rivers．
to generate
are linked
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2022·全国甲卷)However, after I went to high school, somehow I became distant ____ him．
2．(2021·北京卷)When you sleep，your brain sorts through everything that happened during the day, trying to link new experiences __ old memories．
from
to
3．This kind of goat, which is native __ China, has two long horns．
4．An argument between friends doesn't necessarily mean that their relationship itself is __ question．
to
in
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted．_
A．根深蒂固的 B．筋疲力尽的 C．稳固的
A
2．(2020·天津卷)We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she declined, saying that she felt like walking．_
A．减少 B．衰落
C．婉言谢绝
C
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them．
化繁为简本句是复合句，if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics是if引导的________；that made the task easier for them是that引导的________修饰先行词the evolution of physical characteristics。
[尝试解答]她想知道数个世纪的潜水是否会导致身体特征的进化，从而使他们更容易完成这项任务。
宾语从句
定语从句
2．(2020·天津5月卷)Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution of your culture can provide．
化繁为简本句是复合句，they need a sense of cultural belonging是省略that的________；逗号后面是which引导的________________，修饰先行词a sense of cultural belonging；that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution of your culture can provide是that引导的________，修饰先行词something。
[尝试解答]许多人感觉他们需要一种文化归属感，这是研究根基和对文化演变持开放态度所能提供的东西。
宾语从句
非限制性定语从句
定语从句
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
When my uncle was young, he answered the call and went to that 1．________(distance) island with his classmates．He took some seeds with him．On 2．________ (arrive) at the beautiful island, he became interested in the plants native to the island．He often observed them in his spare time．A few years later, most of his classmates returned 3．__ the city, while my uncle chose to stay on that island．My grandfather was so angry that he 4．______(blame) him for it many times on the phone．However, my uncle didn't change his mind．My grandfather even considered him as a disgrace to the whole family．
distant
arriving
to
blamed
My uncle worked hard in the days．In his free time, he went on studying the characteristics of those plants．He even had some 5．_______ (sample)placed in his bedroom．Just at that time he began to think about how they evolved from their ancestors．Although no income 6．_____________(generate) from his study, he was crazy about it．He often used some primitive methods to carry out his experiments，7．_________ (detect) how the seeds grew into some tall plants．There
samples
was generated
detecting
was a time 8．_____the number of those plants was on the decline．He managed to find out 9．___ reason and came up with a new way to solve the problem．Later, he achieved a lot in this field．Many people had suspected him of his talent, but he succeeded! He was 10．__________ (absolute)a legend in my mind!
when
the
absolutely
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom打算去吉林旅游，请你给他写封邮件，推荐一个旅游景点，内容包括：
1．推荐理由；
2．表达希望。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Tom，
Learning that you will head for Jilin for a trip, I'd like to recommend Mount Changbai as your first choice．
Not only is Mount Changbai a famous tourist attraction but also China's largest nature reserve．The height of the land ranges 700 meters above sea level to over 2, 000 meters．Apart from that, it is home to a great variety of rare plants and animals．In addition, the way that you walk in the mountain and bathe in the hot water pools makes you feel good．Tianchi is claimed to be the attraction highly appreciated in the district．
I hope you will have fun exploring Mount Changbai at first hand．
Yours，
Li Hua
动作描写之hand动“手”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累
常诵 ①hold one's hand 抓住某人的手 ②shake hands with 与……握手 ③cup ...in one's hands 将……捧在手心 ④open one's hands 张开双手 ⑤hand in hand 手拉手 ⑥raise/put up one's hand 举手 ⑦hold out one's hand 伸出手 ⑧take one's hand 牵某人的手 ⑨spread one's hands 摊开双手
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用与hand相关的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①一只小蝴蝶正发疯似的扇动翅膀，却无法从地面上飞起来。
A single butterfly was crazily fluttering its wings，but it could not __________________．
②它就在一辆卡车的轮胎前面。
________________________ a truck's tire．
get off the ground
It was right in front of
③我想都没想就下了车，举起手不让卡车司机往前开，然后弯下腰去看那只蝴蝶。
Without thinking I got out of my car, _________________________________________________________，and __________________________________．(动作描写)
④我发现它的一条腿陷进了看上去像苏打水的水洼里。
________________________________ what looked like soda．
⑤我俯下身，尽可能轻柔地将蝴蝶捧在手心里。
I reached down and _____________________________________________________．(动作描写)
held my hand up so the truck
driver wouldn't move forward
bent down to look at the
butterfly
I found one of its legs was stuck in
cupped the butterfly in my hands as gently as I
could
⑥我托起它的腿，它立刻变得自由了。我张开双手，它便朝明亮的太阳飞去了。
I lifted its leg up and suddenly it was free．________________________________________________．(动作描写)
⑦而我的目光似乎更加明亮了。我看着它，心里感到轻快了不少。
__________________________________________________________________________.(情感描写)
I opened my hands and it flew
towards the shining sun
My own eyes shone brighter and my own heart felt lighter as I
watched it续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·广东省七校联考)Meghan nodded seriously, eyes filled with held-back tears． 2．(心理描写)(2022·济南市模拟)“Fascinating，” I thought, feeling like a man who discovered a buried treasure in his own backyard． 3．(人物描写)(2022·济宁市模拟)Alice had yellow hair, skin which was as white as milk, and eyes as blue as the sky． (2022·邵阳市模拟)She exaggerated(夸大) the matter, added her own spice to it and made it the hottest topic in the school．It was like someone had stabbed a knife in my back．After she revealed my secret, everyone at school started laughing at me and gazing at me wherever I passed．
核心单词检测 1．(2022·浙江1月卷)When the answer was no, she declined(decline) the invitation． 2．(2021·天津卷)Art generates(generate) money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities． 3．(2020·江苏卷)Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples(sample) of the men's blood and fat tissue． 4．In reality, experts believe that the illness is linked(link) to the use of chemical pesticide． 5．It is you as well as your wife that are to blame(blame) for your son's bad performance at school．
派生单词检测 1．His problems are deeply rooted in his childhood experiences．He had a rootless childhood moving from place to place．(root) 2．The police suspected that the two men caught yesterday were connected with another case．They were more suspicious．(suspect) 3．During the meal he spoke with characteristic enthusiasm, and characteristically，he paid for us．(character) 4．Small quantities of poison were detected in the dead man's stomach．The detection of crime is not always easy．(detect) 5．It has been confirmed that the three species evolved from a single ancestor and the evolution took a long time．(evolve)
高频短语检测 answer the call，of all time，in question，be crowded with，a variety of，(be) native to，drive ...away
1．(2022·全国甲卷)Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old． 2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife． 3．Mozart is regarded to be one of the most talented musicians of all time． 4．You are expected to answer the call with immediate action without hesitation． 5．The waiting room is crowded with passengers waiting for the bus to come，so it is very noisy．
重点句式检测 1．从观众的反应来看，这次演出相当成功。 (主语从句) It seemed that the performance was quite a success from the response of the audience． 2．据说来自其他学校的一些教师和学生也将被邀请表演。(不定式作主补) Some teachers and students from other schools are said to be invited to give performances as well． 3．这款软件改变了我们的交友方式。(定语从句) This software has changed the way (that/in which) we make friends．
1 suspect [课本义]v．猜想，怀疑，觉得 [增补义]n．嫌疑人
①(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)...on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected(suspect) of drug dealing．
②One of the suspects(suspect) resigned after being suspected of theft．
汤姆的朋友怀疑他偷了她的手机，这让汤姆非常难过。
③Tom's friend suspected that he had stolen her mobile phone, which made Tom very upset．(suspect that)
④Tom's friend suspected him of stealing her mobile phone, which made Tom very upset．(suspect sb．of)
?suspect sb．of (doing) sth．怀疑某人(做了)某事
?suspect sb．as/to be ...怀疑某人是……，猜想某人是……
?suspect that ...怀疑/猜想……
?suspect his neighbour of stealing his money 怀疑他的邻居偷了他的钱
?suspect him to be/as a thief怀疑他是小偷
?be suspected of causing over 200 deaths 被怀疑造成200多人死亡
2 decline [课本义]v．减少 [增补义]v．下降；衰落；婉言谢绝 n．减少；下降；衰落，衰败
①Fish stocks in the Baltic are in decline．
②The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year．
③She declined to have(have) lunch with her friend, saying that she wasn't feeling well．
④(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)As the economy was in decline/on the decline(由于经济衰退), some people in the town had lost their jobs．
?decline by/to 减少了/减少到……
?decline to do sth．拒绝做某事
?in decline＝on the decline 在衰退，在下降，走下坡路
?the economic decline 经济衰退
?a sharp decline in population 人口急剧下降
3 blame [课本义]v．责怪，指责；把……归咎于 [增补义]n．责备；过失
①Blamed(blame)for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits．
②The police believe more than one person is to blame(blame) for the fire．
③Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock．
④Don't always blame your own failure on others(把你的失败归咎于别人)．Sometimes you yourself are to blame(要怪你自己)．
?blame sb．/sth．for sth．因……而责备某人/事
?blame sth．on sb．把某事怪到某人头上
?be to blame (for) 应受指责
?get/take the blame for...为……承担责任
?lay/ put the blame on sb．把某事归咎于某人
be blamed for so many mistakes 由于这么多错误而受到责备
4 drive...away驱走；驶离
①(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds．
②His passion for traditional Chinese culture drove him to come(come) to China．
③The children in the town often made fun of her, which drove her crazy(这让她发疯)．
?drive off 驱车离去；驶去
?drive ...out 迫使……离开
?drive sb．to/into ...迫使某人进入(某状态)
?drive sb．to do sth．迫使某人做某事
?drive sb．crazy/mad 把某人逼得发疯/发狂
?drive the car away 把车开走了
?drive him to despair 逼得他走投无路
?drive him to ask for help 迫使他求助
5 [教材原句]It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island． 它们的喙似乎是根据所在岛屿上可觅得的食物进化而来的。
①It seems as if everybody else knew about the truth except me．
②With the development of society, we seem to be losing(lose) a lot of tradition．
③The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition．She seemed to have prepared(prepare) for it pretty well．
④It seemed that the runway was extremely long for young children(跑道似乎对于小孩子来说极其漫长), not to mention a child with a heart disease．
?It seems (to sb．) that/as if ...(某人)看起来好像……
?There seem(s) to be ...看起来有……
?seem (to be) ＋adj．/n．看起来好像……
?seem to do/to be doing/to have done ...看起来要做……/正在做……/已经做了……
It seems that some teenagers think that they look cool when they smoke．
好像有些青少年认为他们抽烟时看起来很酷。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Tom seemed to be doing(do) his homework when his mother came in．
2．So far, the police have caught several suspects(suspect) of the crime．
3．It was the professor rather than his assistant that was to blame(blame) for what had happened in the lab．
4．When asked for comments, the spokesperson declined to say(say)anything about the matter．
5．Blamed(blame) for the accident, the driver had been fined a great deal．
6．Suspecting(suspect) the traveler of carrying drugs, the Customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．It makes me very sad, because I see things are on the decline．
2．Farmers usually spray pesticides to drive away insects to protect their crops．
3．You shouldn't put the blame on others．You should reflect on your own action．
4．The police suspected him of holding out on information important to the case．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．The new test should enable doctors to detect (detect) the disease early．
2．The twins have quite different characteristics(character)．
3．(2022·全国乙卷)At present it is expected to generate(generate) ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports．
4．Asia and Europe, being two different areas, are linked(link) together by mountains and rivers．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2022·全国甲卷)However, after I went to high school, somehow I became distant from him．
2．(2021·北京卷)When you sleep，your brain sorts through everything that happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories．
3．This kind of goat, which is native to China, has two long horns．
4．An argument between friends doesn't necessarily mean that their relationship itself is in question．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted．A
A．根深蒂固的 B．筋疲力尽的 C．稳固的
2．(2020·天津卷)We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she declined, saying that she felt like walking．C
A．减少 B．衰落
C．婉言谢绝
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them．
本句是复合句，if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics是if引导的宾语从句；that made the task easier for them是that引导的定语从句修饰先行词the evolution of physical characteristics。
[尝试解答]她想知道数个世纪的潜水是否会导致身体特征的进化，从而使他们更容易完成这项任务。
2．(2020·天津5月卷)Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution of your culture can provide．
本句是复合句，they need a sense of cultural belonging是省略that的宾语从句；逗号后面是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a sense of cultural belonging；that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution of your culture can provide是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词something。
[尝试解答]许多人感觉他们需要一种文化归属感，这是研究根基和对文化演变持开放态度所能提供的东西。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
When my uncle was young, he answered the call and went to that 1．distant (distance) island with his classmates．He took some seeds with him．On 2．arriving (arrive) at the beautiful island, he became interested in the plants native to the island．He often observed them in his spare time．A few years later, most of his classmates returned 3．to the city, while my uncle chose to stay on that island．My grandfather was so angry that he 4．blamed(blame) him for it many times on the phone．However, my uncle didn't change his mind．My grandfather even considered him as a disgrace to the whole family．
My uncle worked hard in the days．In his free time, he went on studying the characteristics of those plants．He even had some 5．samples (sample)placed in his bedroom．Just at that time he began to think about how they evolved from their ancestors．Although no income 6．was generated(generate) from his study, he was crazy about it．He often used some primitive methods to carry out his experiments，7．detecting (detect) how the seeds grew into some tall plants．There was a time 8．when the number of those plants was on the decline．He managed to find out 9．the reason and came up with a new way to solve the problem．Later, he achieved a lot in this field．Many people had suspected him of his talent, but he succeeded! He was 10．absolutely (absolute)a legend in my mind!
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom打算去吉林旅游，请你给他写封邮件，推荐一个旅游景点，内容包括：
1．推荐理由；
2．表达希望。
注意：词数80左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
Dear Tom，
Learning that you will head for Jilin for a trip, I'd like to recommend Mount Changbai as your first choice．
Not only is Mount Changbai a famous tourist attraction but also China's largest nature reserve．The height of the land ranges 700 meters above sea level to over 2, 000 meters．Apart from that, it is home to a great variety of rare plants and animals．In addition, the way that you walk in the mountain and bathe in the hot water pools makes you feel good．Tianchi is claimed to be the attraction highly appreciated in the district．
I hope you will have fun exploring Mount Changbai at first hand．
Yours，
Li Hua
动作描写之hand动“手”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累 常诵 ①hold one's hand 抓住某人的手 ②shake hands with 与……握手 ③cup ...in one's hands 将……捧在手心 ④open one's hands 张开双手 ⑤hand in hand 手拉手 ⑥raise/put up one's hand 举手 ⑦hold out one's hand 伸出手 ⑧take one's hand 牵某人的手 ⑨spread one's hands 摊开双手
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用与hand相关的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①一只小蝴蝶正发疯似的扇动翅膀，却无法从地面上飞起来。
A single butterfly was crazily fluttering its wings，but it could not get off the ground．
②它就在一辆卡车的轮胎前面。
It was right in front of a truck's tire．
③我想都没想就下了车，举起手不让卡车司机往前开，然后弯下腰去看那只蝴蝶。
Without thinking I got out of my car, held my hand up so the truck driver wouldn't move forward，and bent down to look at the butterfly．(动作描写)
④我发现它的一条腿陷进了看上去像苏打水的水洼里。
I found one of its legs was stuck in what looked like soda．
⑤我俯下身，尽可能轻柔地将蝴蝶捧在手心里。
I reached down and cupped the butterfly in my hands as gently as I could．(动作描写)
⑥我托起它的腿，它立刻变得自由了。我张开双手，它便朝明亮的太阳飞去了。
I lifted its leg up and suddenly it was free．I opened my hands and it flew towards the shining sun．(动作描写)
⑦而我的目光似乎更加明亮了。我看着它，心里感到轻快了不少。
My own eyes shone brighter and my own heart felt lighter as I watched it．(情感描写)
课时分层作业(二十三)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇（限时6分钟）
(2022·南京市模拟考试)
With the world's attention on vaccines (疫苗)，now it feels like a good moment to sing the praises of an often forgotten contributor to their development．Three hundred years ago this month，Lady Mary Wortley Montagu got her daughter inoculated (接种) against smallpox，making her child the first person in the West to be protected in this way．Without Montagu's willingness to adopt a practice she had learned from other cultures，the introduction of vaccines around 80 years later would never have taken place．
Montagu first witnessed inoculation when she accompanied her husband to Turkey．Inoculation had started in Asia，probably in China，as early as the 10th century AD．Montagu observed how older women in Turkey took a tiny amount of pus (脓) from a person with smallpox．They then used needles to make cuts on people's wrists and ankles and added the pus to their bloodstream．This helped people gain immunity from future infection．
Like other visitors to the country，Montagu took steps to ensure that her son was inoculated．This worked well，but she knew that trying it in England would be far more challenging．Inoculation performed by unlicensed amateurs would threaten doctors' professional standing and potentially rob them of valuable income．Some people also disagree with the practice，as they saw it as going against nature．
Back in England，Montagu observed the increased severity of smallpox infections．Eventually，in April 1721，she decided to use the Turkish practice to have her daughter inoculated，because she believed that the rewards would outweigh the risks．After a safe time had passed following the inoculation，Montagu allowed doctors to examine her daughter．
Doctors in Britain gradually accepted the practice．About 80 years later，a pioneering physician found smallpox vaccines to destroy smallpox completely．As early as last century，academics argued that Montagu was no more than an enthusiastic amateur．In truth，she made a vital scientific contribution towards finding the cure for smallpox．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。三百年前，英国的Mary Wortley Montagu在土耳其目睹了当地妇女接种天花疫苗后，决定将这项技术带回英国，给女儿接种天花疫苗。她克服重重阻力，终于成功为女儿接种，并得到了当地医生的认可和推广。
1．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．The origin of smallpox inoculation．
B．Montagu's first access to inoculation．
C．The benefits from smallpox inoculation．
D．Turkish women's invention of inoculation．
B [段落大意题。通读第二段可知，该段首句“Montagu first witnessed inoculation when she accompanied her husband to Turkey．”为第二段的主题句；结合下文内容可知，该段主要讲述了Montagu在土耳其目睹当地人预防天花的经过，故B项正确。]
2．Montagu found it difficult to try inoculation in England because ．
A．it was against human nature
B．it might harm doctors' interests
C．it was beyond doctors' abilities
D．it might shake some people's belief
B [细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Inoculation performed by unlicensed amateurs would threaten doctors' professional standing and potentially rob them of valuable income．”可知，由无执照的业余医师进行接种会威胁到医生的职业地位并有可能剥夺他们宝贵的收入。据此可知，在英国接种天花疫苗很困难是因为这损害了当地医生的利益，故B项正确。]
3．What led doctors in Britain to accept inoculation
A．The increased severity of smallpox infections．
B．A physician's discovery of smallpox vaccines．
C．The result of Montagu's daughter's inoculation．
D．Montagu's focus on its rewards rather than its risks．
C [细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“After a safe time had passed following the inoculation，Montagu allowed doctors to examine her daughter．”可知，在接种疫苗后的一段安全时间过后，Montagu同意医生为她的女儿进行检查。根据第五段首句“Doctors in Britain gradually accepted the practice．”可知，英国医生逐渐接受了接种天花疫苗。据此可知，由于Montagu给她的女儿成功接种了天花疫苗，故英国医生开始接受接种疫苗。故C项正确。]
篇
(2022·太原市模拟考试)
More than half a trillion dollars．That's the estimated value of all the stuff that U．S．shoppers bought last year only to return it—more than the economy of Israel or Austria．We tried new brands with unfamiliar sizes after seeing them on short video platforms．We overbought for the holidays，and we shopped overly online，where return is between two and five times more likely than that from stores．
Where does it all go Take the blanket I bought on holiday sales for example．I opened the package，only to discover it was just too small for my new sofa．So I returned it．Sorry，blanket！What will happen to it
“Your blanket is very likely to be in a landfill，”says Hitendra Chaturvedi，a supply chain management professor at Arizona State University．“That is what consumers don't realize—the life of the returned product is a very，very sad path．” Value is the big threshold (门槛)：Is the product worth the cost of shipping back and paying someone to inspect，clean，repair or test it Experts estimate that retailers (零售商) throw away about 25% of their returned products．Every year，returned products in the U．S．create almost 6 billion pounds of landfill waste．
Many others get resold in discount and outlet stores．Some go to sellers on websites．Some get donated to charities or get recycled．“These options have increased over the past decade，allowing more and more returned products to find a new home，”says Marcus Shen，chief operating officer of B-Stock，a platform where retailers can resell their returned products often to smaller stores．
As companies compete on flexible return policies，technology is also slowly playing a part：helping shoppers buy the right size sweater or picture a new blanket inside their room．Most importantly，Shen says，shoppers themselves are getting more and more comfortable with buying stuff that's not exactly brand new．
“The idea of that is no longer scary for us，right？”he says．On his holiday return agenda is an electric，self-heating coffee mug that he has never opened，and he feels confident it will find a happy new buyer．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。过度网购导致退货的可能性是实体店的二到五倍，如何处理这些被退回的商品？有的被扔到垃圾填埋场，这导致了大量的资源浪费；有的被打折出售；有的被捐赠给慈善机构或被回收利用等。
4．What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A．The challenge facing the American economy．
B．The urgency to cut down on online shopping．
C．The returning problem caused by overbuying online．
D．The cost of finding new homes for returned goods．
C [段落大意题。通读第一段可知，该段尾句“We overbought for...that from stores．”为本段主旨句，据此可知，该段主要介绍了过度网购导致的退货问题，故C项正确。]
5．Why do some returned products end up in landfills
A．It's required by the return policies．
B．It saves retailers 6 billion pounds a year．
C．It's impossible to put them to good use．
D．It's more economically efficient for retailers．
D [细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Value is the big...repair or test it？”可知，价值是判断如何处理被退回产品的重要门槛，即被退回的产品是否值运费、检验费、清洁费、修理费或检测费等，故一些被退回的产品被扔进垃圾填埋场是因为对于零售商来说这样做更经济有效。]
6．How does technology contribute to lessening returned products
A．By helping shoppers make better decisions．
B．By restoring the newness in returned goods．
C．By improving the return policymaking process．
D．By drawing pictures of the goods for the shoppers．
A [细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“As companies compete...inside their room．”可知，技术在减少退货方面慢慢发挥了作用：能帮助购物者买到尺寸合适的毛衣，或者在屋内用图片显示一条新毯子。据此可知，技术可以帮助购物者作出更好的选择。]
7．Which of the following examples can indicate a desirable end result for returned products
A．Items on short video platforms．
B．The coffee mug．
C．The blanket．
D．A right size sweater．
B [细节理解题。根据尾段特别是第二句“On his holiday return...a happy new buyer．”可知，自动加热的电咖啡杯从未被打开过，他很自信杯子能找到一个满意的新买家。据此可知，自动加热的电咖啡杯的例子能显示被退回的产品的理想的最终结果。]
篇
(2022·海口市高考调研考试)
When most of us think of sand，we immediately think of sunny beaches and summer holidays．But actually it's in pretty much everything that surrounds us in our daily life．From the walls of our homes to the glass bottles in our kitchens and even the mobile phones in our hands，sand is the second most used resource in the world after water: it accounts for more than two-thirds of everything that's being dug out of the ground．But there isn't a limitless supply．In fact，a UN report says we might be running out of it．
According to the report，we use an estimated 15 billion tons of sand every year in the construction industry alone．That's enough to build a 20m×20m wall around the equator every year．However，sand can take tens of thousands of years to form: the process starts with rock being eroded(侵蚀) in the mountains and ends，eventually，with sand being in river beds and on the seafloor．
Sand is heavy and difficult to transport，so in developing countries，sand is often mined from the nearest convenient source，and quite often that means a river bed or beach．But beaches and rivers are delicately balanced ecosystems and when a large amount of sand is removed，the balance is upset．The smallest fish，which eat organic matters on the sand in river beds，is from the base of the food chain in a river．If this sand is removed，so is the source of food for the bottom feeders．All organisms in a food chain share the joys and the sorrows．Thus，when they disappear，so does the food for the larger fish which would have been caught and eaten，or sold by fishermen．
It is high time we took into consideration the big problems concerning the tiny things．More and more conservationists are calling for alternatives to replace sand especially in the construction industry．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了一提到沙子，大家立马会想到沙滩和夏日假期，但是实际上沙子的用途非常广泛。于是，有人认为沙子是取之不尽的。但是，根据联合国的一份报告，大自然中的沙子需要很长时间才能形成，人们采沙的速度远快于此。大自然中的沙子快要用光了，这将影响鱼类的生存，需要引起我们的注意。
8．Why are the things in our daily life mentioned in the beginning
A．To show the uses of sand．
B．To indicate our relationship with nature．
C．To introduce our lifestyles．
D．To stress the convenience of modern life．
A [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“sand is the second most used resource in the world after water...out of the ground”可知，提到这些东西的目的是说明沙子的用途广泛。]
9．What does the UN report imply
A．Sand is actually our most used natural resource．
B．Sand is used more quickly than it's formed．
C．The construction industry doesn't use sand wisely．
D．The problem of wasting sand is worsening．
B [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“According to the report，we use an estimated 15 billion tons of sand every year in the construction industry alone...to form”可知，作者进行了数据对比，这份报告暗示我们使用沙子的速度远超过沙子形成的速度。]
10．What does the underlined phrase “the bottom feeders” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The river beds． B．The fishermen．
C．The larger fish． D．The smallest fish．
D [语义猜测题。根据第三段中的“The smallest fish...so is the source of food for the bottom feeders．”可看出，最小的鱼是食物链的底端即the bottom feeders。]
11．Which can be the best title for the text
A．The World Is Running Out of Sand
B．Alternatives to Replace Sand Will Be Found Soon
C．Sand Mining Is Unfriendly to Nature
D．Sand Is in Need of Immediate Conservation
A [标题归纳题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段中的“But there isn't a limitless supply．In fact，a UN report says we might be running out of it．”可知，本篇主要是说沙子这一资源快消耗完了。]
Ⅱ．完形填空
(2022·济南三模)
Chloe Smith is a 6-year-old girl from Atlanta，Georgia．One day，while taking a walk with her father near their home，she 1 something shiny under a pile of rubbish．She picked up the 2 to take home，as she often did on her treasure-hunting walks．Chloe was later 3 to discover she had found a stolen Olympic gold medal．
The medal belonged to former canoeist (划艇运动员) Joe Jacobi，who won gold while 4 for Team USA in the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games．The medal，along with other personal belongings，was 5 in May of 2016 when someone broke into Jacobi's car．Though police managed to 6 some of his stolen items，they hadn't been able to find his 7 Olympic medal．It may have been lost forever，if not for a 6-year-old girl's treasure-hunting 8 ．
Chloe's dad had seen Jacobi's story on the news，and 9 realized it was his stolen property．He found Jacobi's email and sent him pictures of the treasure．After 10 the medal，Jacobi was astonished，just speechless．
Chloe was 11 to give it back after speaking with Jacobi on the phone． 12 ，Jacobi promised to speak to her class when school begins again this fall．The 13 of this little girl reuniting an Olympian with his beloved possession is 14 ．When we talk about character and doing the 15 thing，Chloe represents the Olympic values in every sense of the word．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。小女孩克洛伊在散步时发现了前划艇运动员被盗的奥运金牌，并还给了他。
1．A．sought B．buried
C．noticed D．dropped
C [根据上文“One day，while taking a walk with her father near their home”和下文“She picked up”可知，此处是指她注意到一堆垃圾下面有一个闪闪发光的东西。故选C。]
2．A．waste B．object
C．material D．antique
B [根据上文“something shiny under a pile of rubbish”可知，她并不知道这是什么东西。故选B。]
3．A．embarrassed B．satisfied
C．frightened D．shocked
D [根据下文“she had found a stolen Olympic gold medal”可知，克洛伊是震惊的。故选D。]
4．A．competing B．applying
C．coaching D．preparing
A [这枚奖牌属于前划艇运动员Joe Jacobi，他在1992年巴塞罗那奥运会上代表美国队获得金牌。故选A。]
5．A．broken B．stolen
C．replaced D．deserted
B [根据上文“she had found a stolen Olympic gold medal”可知，这枚奖章以及其他个人物品被盗。故选B。]
6．A．purchase B．register
C．preserve D．recover
D [尽管警方设法找回了他的一些失窃物品，但还是没能找到他珍贵的奥运奖牌。recover“追回；找回”；purchase“购买”；register“注册”；preserve“保存”。故选D。]
7．A．secured B．prized
C．advertised D．priced
B [参见上题解析。故选B。secured“有担保的”；prized“珍贵的，宝贵的”；advertised“广告的”；priced“附有定价的”。]
8．A．project B．decision
C．habit D．idea
C [根据上文“as she often did on her treasure-hunting walks”可知，此处是指一个6岁女孩的寻宝习惯。故选C。]
9．A．quickly B．gradually
C．really D．carefully
A [根据下“He found Jacobi's email and sent him pictures of the treasure．”可知，克洛伊的爸爸很快就意识到这是他被偷的财产。故选A。]
10．A．identifying B．obtaining
C．evaluating D．investigating
A [根据上文“He found Jacobi's email and sent him pictures of the treasure．”可知，此处是指Jacobi从照片上辨认出自己的奖牌。故选A。identify“辨认出”；obtain“获得”；evaluate“评价”；investigate“调查”。]
11．A．sorry B．eager
C．upset D．hesitant
B [根据下文“Chloe represents the Olympic values in every sense of the word”可知，克洛伊渴望把金牌还给Jacobi。故选B。]
12．A．In addition B．In fact
C．In return D．In advance
C [根据下文“Jacobi promised to speak to her class when school begins again this fall”可知，此处是指作为对克洛伊的回报。故选C。in return“作为回报”；in advance“提前”。]
13．A．purpose B．report
C．attempt D．story
D [根据下文“this little girl reuniting an Olympian with his beloved possession”可知，此处是指这个小女孩让一个奥运会选手和他心爱的私人物品团聚的故事。故选D。]
14．A．heart-warming B．breath-taking
C．eye-catching D．life-changing
A [根据上文“this little girl reuniting an Olympian with his beloved possession”可知，这个故事很暖心。故选A。heart-warming“暖心的”；breath-taking“令人叹为观止的”； eye-catching“引人注目的”； life-changing“改变人生的”。]
15．A．important B．simple
C．interesting D．right
D [根据下文“Chloe represents the Olympic values in every sense of the word”可知，此处是指做正确的事情。故选D。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作
(2022·武汉市武昌区质量检测)
假设你是晨光中学高三学生李华，你校创建了英语微信公众号“Voice of Chen Guang”，请你写一则广告号召同学们关注该公众号。内容包括：
1．介绍该公众号的内容；
2．号召同学们关注订阅。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：微信公众号WeChat public account
Subscribe to Our WeChat Public Account
Boys and girls of Chen Guang High School，we are proud to inform you that____________________________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
Subscribe to Our WeChat Public Account
Boys and girls of Chen Guang High School，we are proud to inform you that our school's WeChat public account，“Voice of Chen Guang” has been established．Each week，our dedicated staff will present you with a new issue，filled with selected news both at home and abroad，with insights and analyses on the current events from students' and teachers' perspectives．At the same time，a list of major events and other important dates will be provided，such as scholarship deadlines，sports matches，and club activities，so that you could mark them on your calendar in case of missing anything．
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