(共59张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修一册
Unit 6 Nurturing nature
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2022·青岛市质量检测)Poor George still scratched every inch of his head for some spark of inspiration．
2．(心理描写)(2022·南京市学情调研)As I headed to a place I didn't want to call home, minutes felt like hours and the hours felt like days．
3．(景物描写)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The bay was bathed in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·无锡市模拟)My heart was hammering like anything, my hands cold and wet, my head buzzing with excitement and nervousness at the same time．I earnestly listened to the names of the house captains being announced, but in my heart, I wanted it to end because then the head girl would be announced．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．While riding his bike home on a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman _________ (wander) the streets by herself．
2．(2020·天津卷)Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to avoid __________(disturb) the President's work．
3．Relatively speaking, these jobs in my city provide good ________(salary) at present．
wandering
disturbing
salaries
核
心
单
词
检
测 4．The company spends a large amount of money annually in ___________(advertise) the characteristics of its products．
5．After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the __________(candidate) and survive the test alone．
advertising
candidates
派生单词检测 1．He finds jazz is __________ to rock music but I think it's a matter of personal __________．(prefer)
2．The young ________ is _________ the big machine according to the _________ guidance．(operate)
3．I think the training that I have received can qualify me for the job so I believe I am _________ to apply a teacher _____________．(qualify)
preferable
preference
operator
operating
operation
qualified
qualification
派生单词检测 4．Any _________ can apply in person or by email and at the same time should hand in their ___________ forms before May 6th．(apply)
5．He made it clear that the price was not __________ so we had to end our ___________．(negotiate)
applicant
application
negotiable
negotiation
高频短语检测 among the top concern，catch one's eye，at one's leisure，highlight the importance of，be made up of，under threat，in favour of
1．His father likes playing chess with him ______________．
2．With the booming of online shopping, the supermarkets are ____________．
at his leisure
under threat
高频短语检测 3．I was cleaning out an old box when an old card _____________．
4．Personally, I am ____________ the new policy that will come into effect next month．
5．The committee _____________ five members, including three men and two women．
caught my eye
in favour of
is made up of
重点句式检测 1．我正准备关电脑，这时收到了一封电子邮件。(be about to)
I _____________________________________ I received an email．
2．这些学生经常讨论如何提高英语水平。(“疑问词＋不定式”作主语)
______________________ is often discussed among the students．
3．我还没来得及告诉他在哪里等他，他就挂断了电话。(时间状语从句)
He had hung up ________________________________________．
was about to turn off my computer when
How to improve English
before I could tell him where to wait for him
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 disturb [课本义]v．干扰，扰乱 [增补义]v．使烦恼，使心神不安
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·北京卷)And yet messengers of the coming ___________(disturb) are likely to be ignored．
②(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)When he was 16, Molai began to notice something __________(disturb) happening around his home．
disturbance
disturbing
③___________________________(意识到……令她很不安) that she was alone．
④Mother opened the door quietly_______________________________________________________________(以免惊扰了睡着的孩子)．
It disturbed her to realize
so as not to/in order not to/not to
disturb the sleeping child
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?It disturbs sb．to do sth．/that ...做某事使某人不安
?disturbed adj．烦恼的；不安的
?disturbing adj．令人不安的；使人震惊的
?disturbance n．干扰；骚乱；(精神或身体的)失常
语料输入——必备素材
?disturb you with this question打扰你了，有个问题请教
?a piece of disturbing news 一条令人不安的消息
2 favour [课本义]n．支持，赞同 [增补义]n．恩惠；赞成；偏爱，偏袒 v．支持，偏袒
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)It also listed her _________(favour) sports and activities, and provided her phone number．
②It was a turning point, a sign that things were starting to go __ our favour．
③__________(favour) policies are in effect to encourage employees' professional development．
favourite
in
Favourable
完美写作——词汇升级
④I'd appreciate it if you could help me．
→I'd appreciate it if you could _______________________________．
⑤All the people present at the meeting agree to the plan．
→All the people present at the meeting ________________ the plan．
do me a favour/do a favour for me
are in favour of
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?ask sb．a favour ＝ ask a favour of sb．请某人帮忙
?do a favour for sb．＝ do sb．a favour给某人以恩惠；帮助某人
?in one's favour 有利于某人
?in favour of 支持；赞同；有利于
?favourable adj．赞同的；有利的
?favourite adj．&n．特别喜爱的(东西)
语料输入——必备素材
?start to go in our favour 开始对我们有利
?be in favour of the new teaching method 赞同这种新的教学方法
3 qualification n．技能条件，资格
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Come and work out with our _________(qualify) personal trainer, Jodie McGregor, on the grounds of the Middleton Lodge estate．
qualified
②The course qualifies you __________(operate) this kind of machines in any area of the country．
③He is qualified ________(drive) a truck, because he has had his driving _____________(qualify) for 5 years．
to operate
to drive
qualification
完美写作——申请信佳句
④Active and sociable, I do believe ________________________________________(我符合志愿者工作的条件)．
I'm qualified for the job as a
volunteer
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?the qualification for/to do sth．做某事的资格
?qualify v．使具备资格；使合格
?qualify for 有……资格，取得……的参赛资格
?qualify sb．to do sth．使某人有资格做某事
?qualified adj．有资格的，称职的
?be qualified for/to do sth．有资格做某事
语料输入——必备素材
?a necessary qualification for this job 这项工作的必备条件
?be qualified for a student grant 有资格得到助学金
4 be made up of 由……组成
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)We had to have a bit of a production line going, making __“tiger milk”， washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors．
up
②(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make __ to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home．
③(2021·浙江卷) He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make ___ a remarkable life．
it
for
完美写作——记叙文佳句
④Our class ______________________________________(由50个活泼的男孩和女孩组成), who are warm and generous and ready to offer help．
is made up of 50 lively boys and girls
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?be made of/from 由……制造
?make up 构成；编造；化妆；弥补；和好
?make up for弥补；补偿
?make for 前往，有助于
?make out 辨认出；理解
?make it 成功；赶上；做到
语料输入——必备素材
?be made up of representatives from every state 由来自每个州的代表组成
?make up an excuse for your absence 为你的缺席编造借口
?make up the economic losses 弥补经济损失
?not make out what he was saying 听不懂他在说什么
5 [教材原句]The journey has been flying by, and before I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station．
(火车)一路疾驰，还没等我反应过来，就已经到达了唐古拉车站。
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·全国甲卷)In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year ______ they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes．
②(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)It is ten years _____ Talk and Talk was established．
③(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)It was his brave heart and strong faith ____ could make something unusual happen finally．
④It was midnight ____ they called me to pick them up．
before
since
that
when
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
⑤(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)___________________________________________________(不一会他就重新爬了起来) and continued his mission．
It didn't take long before he picked himself up
again
练后归纳——句法分析
?before引导时间状语从句时，译法很灵活。通常有以下含义：在……之前；……之后才……；不多久就……
?It was/will be＋时间段＋before...多长时间后就/才……
?It was not/will not be＋时间段＋before...不久就……
?It is/was＋时间段＋since ...自从……已有多久了
?It＋is/was＋时间点＋when...做某事是在某时
?It＋is/was＋介词＋时间点＋that...强调句型
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
If you miss this chance, it may be years before you get another one．
如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再次得到。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Do you want to be a better athlete in your _________(favour) sport
2．He took all kinds of tests to prove he was well _________(qualify) for the important job．
favourite
qualified
3．In order not _______________(disturb), I spent three hours studying, locked in my study．
4．A peace team ______(make) up of ten soldiers and an officer was sent to Africa．
5．On completing the courses, he will have earned the _____________(qualify) to apply for a teaching license in Thailand．
6．When some guests call on you, make sure they don't have your children _________(disturb) while they are reviewing their lessons．
to be disturbed
made
qualification
disturbed
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2022·全国甲卷)But it is the harbor ____ makes the city．
2．I'm not __ favour of you going skating, as the ice is too thin to bear your weight．
3．She left ______ I could even make it to the door to offer my thanks．
4．John made __ a funny joke to amuse his younger brother who was in deep sorrow for his dead pet．
that
in
before
up
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·全国甲卷)When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself _________(wander) down to Southbank, spending hours there．
2．I would like to apply for the position __________(advertise) in yesterday's newspaper．
wandering
advertised
3．________(economy) overgrowth will also bring about a series of problems．
4．To my delight, the students worked very hard and were making progress ________(steady)．
Economic
steadily
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．You can watch cultural performances and sample foods from around the world __ your leisure．
2．I was about to go shopping ____ an unexpected visitor came．
3．Water is one of our most critical resources, but around the world it is _____ threat．
4．Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery __ life．
at
when
under
to
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·全国乙卷)The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus．_
A．徘徊 B．走失
C．走神
C
2．(2021·天津卷)I now understand why my brother favours the quiet．_
A．支持，赞同 B．偏爱
C．有助于，有利于
B
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2020·天津5月卷)While cars and trains are moving towards greener, electric power, emissions from air travel are expected to increase massively by 2050．
化繁为简本句是复合句，while引导____________，而主句使用了被动语态。
[尝试解答]尽管汽车和火车正朝着更加绿色、以电能作为动力的运行方式发展，但是空运中的排放物预计到2050年还会大幅增加。
让步状语从句
2．(2018·北京卷)A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure (基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050．
化繁为简本句是复合句，句子的主干是A study...suggested that，suggested后that引导________，从句中的主语是replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems，谓语部分是and连接的两个并列成分could reduce ...和(could) cut ...。
[尝试解答]加州大学戴维斯分校的一项研究表明，到2050年用电动的无人驾驶共享系统替代世界范围的燃油私家车能够使运输中碳的排放减少80%，并且使运输基础设施和运营的费用降低40%。
宾语从句
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
An animal rights group needed some volunteers 1．__________(protect) Tibetan antelopes．When my friend and I saw the job 2．__________ (advertise) on the Internet, we were both excited，for both of us loved Tibetan antelopes and were 3．__ favour of the laws to protect the lovely animals．Fortunately, my friend and I 4．___________(choose) from so many applicants! But the news really disturbed my parents at the time, because they were 5．_______(worry) that I couldn't put up with the poor working conditions there．I had a
to protect
advertised
in
were chosen
worried
talk with them and told them I had a 6．__________(prefer) for all kinds of challenges and I also had the qualification to do 7．___ job．At last, they had to give in．When my friend and I arrived there, a young leader greeted us 8．______(warm)．We saw a splendid landmark as well as some Tibetan antelopes 9．______(eat) grass at their leisure．We were wandering on the massive grassland, enjoying the beautiful scenery．It hit me 10．____ I should be a conservationist to protect the delicate ecosystem．
preference
the
warmly
eating
that
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华，近期在报纸上获知大堡礁(Great Barrier Reef)在招聘看护人员(caretaker)，请你写一封应聘信，内容包括：
1．你对大堡礁的了解；
2．你胜任这项工作的资格。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Sir/Madam，
Having read the job advertisement from the newspaper, I'm writing to apply for the job as the caretaker of the Great Barrier Reef．
The Great Barrier Reef is made up of coral, but this delicate place is now under threat from pollution and climate change．I believe I have the qualification to do the job．First, I have a good command of English．Second, I am an outgoing boy and get along well with others．At my leisure, I often travel around the world．
I would appreciate it if you could approve of my application．
Yours，
Li Hua
动作描写之leg动“腿”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累
常诵 ①shaky/trembling legs 颤抖的双腿 ②tired legs 疲惫的双腿 ③cross one's legs 盘腿 ④drag one's heavy legs 拖着沉重的双腿
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用与leg相关的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①他继续挣扎着向终点跑去，他嘴巴干涩，腿开始发抖。
a．He struggled to run towards the finishing line．_______________________________________．(简单句)
b．He struggled to run towards the finishing line，_________________________________________．(with复合结构)
His mouth was dry
and his legs trembled
with his mouth dry
and his legs trembling
②他摔倒了，背部着地，双腿叉开。
He fell over, flat on his back __________________．(with复合结构)
③他双腿颤抖地站了起来。
_______________________________.(简单句)
④他拖着疲惫的双腿穿过了终点线。
_______________________________________.(简单句)
⑤他垂头丧气，疲惫不堪地回家了。
With a sinking heart, ___________________，tired out．
with his legs wide
He rose to his feet on shaky legs
He crossed the finishing line on his tired legs
he headed back home
⑥他回到家中，盘着腿，用拳头支着下巴，陷入沉思。
He returned home, ________________ and rested his chin on one fist, lost in deep thought．
crossed his legs续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·青岛市质量检测)Poor George still scratched every inch of his head for some spark of inspiration． 2．(心理描写)(2022·南京市学情调研)As I headed to a place I didn't want to call home, minutes felt like hours and the hours felt like days． 3．(景物描写)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The bay was bathed in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore． (2022·无锡市模拟)My heart was hammering like anything, my hands cold and wet, my head buzzing with excitement and nervousness at the same time．I earnestly listened to the names of the house captains being announced, but in my heart, I wanted it to end because then the head girl would be announced．
核心单词检测 1．While riding his bike home on a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering (wander) the streets by herself． 2．(2020·天津卷)Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to avoid disturbing(disturb) the President's work． 3．Relatively speaking, these jobs in my city provide good salaries(salary) at present． 4．The company spends a large amount of money annually in advertising(advertise) the characteristics of its products． 5．After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates(candidate) and survive the test alone．
派生单词检测 1．He finds jazz is preferable to rock music but I think it's a matter of personal preference．(prefer) 2．The young operator is operating the big machine according to the operation guidance．(operate) 3．I think the training that I have received can qualify me for the job so I believe I am qualified to apply a teacher qualification．(qualify) 4．Any applicant can apply in person or by email and at the same time should hand in their application forms before May 6th．(apply) 5．He made it clear that the price was not negotiable so we had to end our negotiation．(negotiate)
高频短语检测 among the top concern，catch one's eye，at one's leisure，highlight the importance of，be made up of，under threat，in favour of
1．His father likes playing chess with him at his leisure． 2．With the booming of online shopping, the supermarkets are under threat． 3．I was cleaning out an old box when an old card caught my eye． 4．Personally, I am in favour of the new policy that will come into effect next month． 5．The committee is made up of five members, including three men and two women．
重点句式检测 1．我正准备关电脑，这时收到了一封电子邮件。(be about to) I was about to turn off my computer when I received an email． 2．这些学生经常讨论如何提高英语水平。(“疑问词＋不定式”作主语) How to improve English is often discussed among the students． 3．我还没来得及告诉他在哪里等他，他就挂断了电话。(时间状语从句) He had hung up before I could tell him where to wait for him．
1 disturb [课本义]v．干扰，扰乱 [增补义]v．使烦恼，使心神不安
①(2021·北京卷)And yet messengers of the coming disturbance(disturb) are likely to be ignored．
②(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)When he was 16, Molai began to notice something disturbing(disturb) happening around his home．
③It disturbed her to realize(意识到……令她很不安) that she was alone．
④Mother opened the door quietly so as not to/in order not to/not to disturb the sleeping child(以免惊扰了睡着的孩子)．
?It disturbs sb．to do sth．/that ...做某事使某人不安
?disturbed adj．烦恼的；不安的
?disturbing adj．令人不安的；使人震惊的
?disturbance n．干扰；骚乱；(精神或身体的)失常
?disturb you with this question打扰你了，有个问题请教
?a piece of disturbing news 一条令人不安的消息
2 favour [课本义]n．支持，赞同 [增补义]n．恩惠；赞成；偏爱，偏袒 v．支持，偏袒
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)It also listed her favourite(favour) sports and activities, and provided her phone number．
②It was a turning point, a sign that things were starting to go in our favour．
③Favourable(favour) policies are in effect to encourage employees' professional development．
④I'd appreciate it if you could help me．
→I'd appreciate it if you could do me a favour/do a favour for me．
⑤All the people present at the meeting agree to the plan．
→All the people present at the meeting are in favour of the plan．
?ask sb．a favour ＝ ask a favour of sb．请某人帮忙
?do a favour for sb．＝ do sb．a favour给某人以恩惠；帮助某人
?in one's favour 有利于某人
?in favour of 支持；赞同；有利于
?favourable adj．赞同的；有利的
?favourite adj．&n．特别喜爱的(东西)
?start to go in our favour 开始对我们有利
?be in favour of the new teaching method 赞同这种新的教学方法
3 qualification n．技能条件，资格
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Come and work out with our qualified(qualify) personal trainer, Jodie McGregor, on the grounds of the Middleton Lodge estate．
②The course qualifies you to operate(operate) this kind of machines in any area of the country．
③He is qualified to drive(drive) a truck, because he has had his driving qualification(qualify) for 5 years．
④Active and sociable, I do believe I'm qualified for the job as a volunteer(我符合志愿者工作的条件)．
?the qualification for/to do sth．做某事的资格
?qualify v．使具备资格；使合格
?qualify for 有……资格，取得……的参赛资格
?qualify sb．to do sth．使某人有资格做某事
?qualified adj．有资格的，称职的
?be qualified for/to do sth．有资格做某事
?a necessary qualification for this job 这项工作的必备条件
?be qualified for a student grant 有资格得到助学金
4 be made up of 由……组成
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up“tiger milk”， washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors．
②(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home．
③(2021·浙江卷) He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life．
④Our class is made up of 50 lively boys and girls(由50个活泼的男孩和女孩组成), who are warm and generous and ready to offer help．
?be made of/from 由……制造
?make up 构成；编造；化妆；弥补；和好
?make up for弥补；补偿
?make for 前往，有助于
?make out 辨认出；理解
?make it 成功；赶上；做到
?be made up of representatives from every state 由来自每个州的代表组成
?make up an excuse for your absence 为你的缺席编造借口
?make up the economic losses 弥补经济损失
?not make out what he was saying 听不懂他在说什么
5 [教材原句]The journey has been flying by, and before I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station． (火车)一路疾驰，还没等我反应过来，就已经到达了唐古拉车站。
①(2022·全国甲卷)In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes．
②(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)It is ten years since Talk and Talk was established．
③(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally．
④It was midnight when they called me to pick them up．
⑤(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)It didn't take long before he picked himself up again(不一会他就重新爬了起来) and continued his mission．
?before引导时间状语从句时，译法很灵活。通常有以下含义：在……之前；……之后才……；不多久就……
?It was/will be＋时间段＋before...多长时间后就/才……
?It was not/will not be＋时间段＋before...不久就……
?It is/was＋时间段＋since ...自从……已有多久了
?It＋is/was＋时间点＋when...做某事是在某时
?It＋is/was＋介词＋时间点＋that...强调句型
If you miss this chance, it may be years before you get another one．
如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再次得到。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Do you want to be a better athlete in your favourite(favour) sport
2．He took all kinds of tests to prove he was well qualified(qualify) for the important job．
3．In order not to be disturbed(disturb), I spent three hours studying, locked in my study．
4．A peace team made(make) up of ten soldiers and an officer was sent to Africa．
5．On completing the courses, he will have earned the qualification(qualify) to apply for a teaching license in Thailand．
6．When some guests call on you, make sure they don't have your children disturbed(disturb) while they are reviewing their lessons．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2022·全国甲卷)But it is the harbor that makes the city．
2．I'm not in favour of you going skating, as the ice is too thin to bear your weight．
3．She left before I could even make it to the door to offer my thanks．
4．John made up a funny joke to amuse his younger brother who was in deep sorrow for his dead pet．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·全国甲卷)When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering(wander) down to Southbank, spending hours there．
2．I would like to apply for the position advertised(advertise) in yesterday's newspaper．
3．Economic(economy) overgrowth will also bring about a series of problems．
4．To my delight, the students worked very hard and were making progress steadily(steady)．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．You can watch cultural performances and sample foods from around the world at your leisure．
2．I was about to go shopping when an unexpected visitor came．
3．Water is one of our most critical resources, but around the world it is under threat．
4．Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·全国乙卷)The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus．C
A．徘徊 B．走失
C．走神
2．(2021·天津卷)I now understand why my brother favours the quiet．B
A．支持，赞同 B．偏爱
C．有助于，有利于
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2020·天津5月卷)While cars and trains are moving towards greener, electric power, emissions from air travel are expected to increase massively by 2050．
本句是复合句，while引导让步状语从句，而主句使用了被动语态。
[尝试解答]尽管汽车和火车正朝着更加绿色、以电能作为动力的运行方式发展，但是空运中的排放物预计到2050年还会大幅增加。
2．(2018·北京卷)A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure (基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050．
本句是复合句，句子的主干是A study...suggested that，suggested后that引导宾语从句，从句中的主语是replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems，谓语部分是and连接的两个并列成分could reduce ...和(could) cut ...。
[尝试解答]加州大学戴维斯分校的一项研究表明，到2050年用电动的无人驾驶共享系统替代世界范围的燃油私家车能够使运输中碳的排放减少80%，并且使运输基础设施和运营的费用降低40%。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
An animal rights group needed some volunteers 1．to protect(protect) Tibetan antelopes．When my friend and I saw the job 2．advertised (advertise) on the Internet, we were both excited，for both of us loved Tibetan antelopes and were 3．in favour of the laws to protect the lovely animals．Fortunately, my friend and I 4．were chosen(choose) from so many applicants! But the news really disturbed my parents at the time, because they were 5．worried(worry) that I couldn't put up with the poor working conditions there．I had a talk with them and told them I had a 6．preference(prefer) for all kinds of challenges and I also had the qualification to do 7．the job．At last, they had to give in．When my friend and I arrived there, a young leader greeted us 8．warmly(warm)．We saw a splendid landmark as well as some Tibetan antelopes 9．eating(eat) grass at their leisure．We were wandering on the massive grassland, enjoying the beautiful scenery．It hit me 10．that I should be a conservationist to protect the delicate ecosystem．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华，近期在报纸上获知大堡礁(Great Barrier Reef)在招聘看护人员(caretaker)，请你写一封应聘信，内容包括：
1．你对大堡礁的了解；
2．你胜任这项工作的资格。
注意：词数80左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
Dear Sir/Madam，
Having read the job advertisement from the newspaper, I'm writing to apply for the job as the caretaker of the Great Barrier Reef．
The Great Barrier Reef is made up of coral, but this delicate place is now under threat from pollution and climate change．I believe I have the qualification to do the job．First, I have a good command of English．Second, I am an outgoing boy and get along well with others．At my leisure, I often travel around the world．
I would appreciate it if you could approve of my application．
Yours，
Li Hua
动作描写之leg动“腿”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累 常诵 ①shaky/trembling legs 颤抖的双腿 ②tired legs 疲惫的双腿 ③cross one's legs 盘腿 ④drag one's heavy legs 拖着沉重的双腿
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用与leg相关的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①他继续挣扎着向终点跑去，他嘴巴干涩，腿开始发抖。
a．He struggled to run towards the finishing line．His mouth was dry and his legs trembled．(简单句)
b．He struggled to run towards the finishing line，with his mouth dry and his legs trembling．(with复合结构)
②他摔倒了，背部着地，双腿叉开。
He fell over, flat on his back with his legs wide．(with复合结构)
③他双腿颤抖地站了起来。
He rose to his feet on shaky legs．(简单句)
④他拖着疲惫的双腿穿过了终点线。
He crossed the finishing line on his tired legs．(简单句)
⑤他垂头丧气，疲惫不堪地回家了。
With a sinking heart, he headed back home，tired out．
⑥他回到家中，盘着腿，用拳头支着下巴，陷入沉思。
He returned home, crossed his legs and rested his chin on one fist, lost in deep thought．
课时分层作业(二十四)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2022·贵阳市监测考试)
It's amazing how often we take advantage of things in life．When we're used to something，we don't always appreciate how lucky we are to have it．While we're here complaining that our Wi-Fi isn't fast enough and that our videos keep stuttering，there are people in Africa who don't even get to eat three meals a day．While most people work hard for the things they own，it's important to stop and think of what others don't have every now and again．You may not think that shoes are something worth going crazy over，but a Ugandan woman would disagree．After all，she went wild when she put on a pair of shoes for the first time in her life．
That's what Laura Grier did one day．The woman was in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park，Uganda，when she felt it necessary to stop and help someone by the side of the road．The person in question was standing around without any shoes on，and the sight convinced Laura to give up her own footwear．She had more shoes at home，while this woman had never even worn a pair before．
Laura's generosity was definitely appreciated by the stranger who treated her benefactor (捐助人) to a celebratory dance．The woman couldn't keep the smile from her face as she went wild in her brand new shoes．Laura was thrilled that her good deed had made the stranger so happy，and she cheered on the Ugandan woman as she danced in the street．
Next time you buy a pair of shoes，remember how lucky you are to have them．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过Laura Grier将自己的鞋给了一位无鞋可穿的乌干达女士的故事，来告诉人们——要懂得珍惜自己拥有的一切。
1．What does the author talk about in the first paragraph
A．Her view about what we have．
B．Something that we are used to．
C．The appreciation of her shoes．
D．Her opinion about the Ugandan woman．
A [段落大意题。根据第一段的中心句“When we're used to something，we don't always appreciate how lucky we are to have it．”和本段的举例可知，本段主要讲述了作者对人们拥有的东西的看法，故A项正确。]
2．Why did Laura Grier give her shoes to the woman
A．To offer some help to her．
B．To show off extra shoes．
C．To show her curiosity．
D．To exchange them for a meal．
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“she felt it necessary to stop and help someone...her own footwear”可知，Laura把自己的鞋给了那位女士是想要帮她，故A项正确。]
3．How did the Ugandan woman feel about the shoes
A．Strange． B．Thankful．
C．Shocked． D．Reasonable．
B [观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Laura's generosity was definitely appreciated by the stranger...a celebratory dance．”可以看出，这位女士对Laura的慷慨深表感激，故B项正确。]
4．What would be the best title for the text
A．Never Expect Too Much of Life
B．Don't Admire What Others Have
C．Value What We Already Have
D．Know More about Africa
C [标题归纳题。本文第一段主要讲述了作者对人们拥有的东西的看法——人们总是对自己拥有的一切习以为常，而忘了感恩自己是多么幸运；第二、三段讲述了Laura将自己的鞋给了一位无鞋可穿的乌干达女士的故事；再结合最后一段中的“remember how lucky you are to have them”可知，本文主要想告诉人们要懂得珍惜自己拥有的一切，故C项适合作本文的标题。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2022·东北三校第一次联考)
Easy ways to improve your work productivity
We all want to get more out of our day but we don't always know how to go about it． 1 ．
·Take breaks outside
Getting outside to stretch your legs can boost your mood and help you to disconnect from your work for a bit． 2 ．So taking a walk when you take your break will mean that you return to your desk feeling more positive and focused，ready to tackle whatever task is next．
·Set a good morning routine
A good morning routine can make a difference to your day．Set your alarm a little earlier and use the time you have to create a morning routine that refreshes and energizes you． 3 ．Take time to read a journal，pick out an outfit that makes you feel confident，and do whatever you need to do to put yourself in the right headspace to have a good day．
· 4
Just as important as setting boundaries when it comes to your work，set boundaries when it comes to your personal and social life．Make quality time for yourself and the people you love by setting boundaries regarding your work and giving time and space to the other areas of your life．
·Get enough sleep
5 ．After a good night's sleep our brain will feel energized and sharp，whereas a rough night's sleep can leave us feeling slow and unmotivated．Make sure you're setting yourself up for success by regularly getting a good night's sleep．
A．Stick to your boundaries
B．Have a pleasant and fulfilled life
C．Go for a run or do some yoga to start your morning
D．Don't ignore the importance of getting up early for work
E．Here are some easy ways that you can improve your work productivity
F．We cannot underestimate the effect that sleep has on our productivity
G．The vitamin D you get from the sun has also been proven to boost your mood
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种提高工作效率的方法。
1．E [根据空前的“我们都想从一天中得到更多，但是我们并不总是知道如何去做”，再结合下面四段的小标题可知，此处应承上启下，介绍提高工作效率的方法。故E项(这里有一些你能提高你的工作效率的简单的方法)符合语境。故选E项。]
2．G [根据空前的“走出去伸展你的腿能够振奋你的心情，有助于你暂时脱离工作”可知，G项“你从阳光中获得的维生素D被证明也能振奋你的心情”可承接上句，且与空后的“所以，当你休息时散散步将意味着你返回办公桌时更加积极，注意力也更加集中”构成因果关系。此外G项中的also也是选择该项的关键词。故选G项。]
3．C [空前讲到一个好的早晨习惯可以让你的一天变得不同，空后是举的例子，故此空应选与早晨好习惯相关的具体例子。故C项(以跑步或做瑜伽来开始你的早晨)符合语境，故选C项。]
4．A [根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲在工作和生活中设定界限的重要性。故可用A项(坚持你的界限)作本段的小标题。故选A项。]
5．F [根据小标题可知，本段主要讲充足的睡眠的好处。空后讲到良好的夜间睡眠有助于我们的大脑精力充沛、思维敏捷，然而，没睡好觉会让我们感觉迟缓，缺乏动力。为了事业获得成功，一定要确保你能经常得到良好的夜间睡眠。故F项(我们不能低估睡眠对我们的效率的影响)可承接下句，故选F项。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2022·苏锡常镇四市教学情况调研)
The classical gardens of Suzhou，Jiangsu Province，date back to the 6th century 1． the city was founded 2． the capital of the Wu Kingdom．Today，more than 50 of these gardens are still in 3． (exist)，nine of which are regarded as the finest embodiment (典型) of Chinese “Mountain and Water” gardens．
Built in the early 11th century on the site of an 4． (early)，destroyed garden，the Canglang Pavilion has the longest history among all the existing classical gardens in Suzhou．Naturally 5． (lay) out and well designed，it is called one of the four best gardens in Suzhou．The garden looks simple but natural．Without complex 6． (decorate)，it combines buildings with scenery so well 7． the whole garden appears to be endowed with natural beauty．Since many of the 8． (origin) features of the garden have been preserved，the garden has a high historical and artistic value．
The classical gardens of Suzhou 9． (be) the most vivid specimens(样本) of culture from the East Yangtze Delta region from the 11th to 19th centuries．The underlying philosophy，literature，art，and craftsmanship 10． (show)in the architecture，gardening as well as the handcrafts perfectly reflect the monumental achievements of the social，cultural，scientific，and technological developments of this period．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文以沧浪亭为例，介绍了苏州园林的历史渊源、建筑风格以及艺术价值等。
1．when [考查定语从句关系词。空处引导定语从句，从句修饰先行词the 6th century，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故用when引导该定语从句。]
2．as [考查介词。根据句意可知，该处指“作为吴国的都城”。]
3．existence [考查名词。根据空前的介词in可知，其后应用名词形式。in existence意为“存在”。]
4．earlier [考查形容词的比较级。此处指沧浪亭于11世纪早期建于一座较早的被毁坏的园林遗址上，空处表示“较早的”，用early的比较级。]
5．laid [考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，和其主语it之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。]
6．decoration(s) [考查名词。根据语境和空前的形容词complex可知，空处应用名词形式，又因其前无限定词修饰，且decoration作“装饰图案”讲时既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词，作“装饰风格”讲时是不可数名词，故填decoration(s)。]
7．that [考查固定结构。此处考查so...that...结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。]
8．original [考查形容词。空处修饰名词features，故应用形容词。]
9．are [考查时态和主谓一致。该句陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时；主语“The classical gardens of Suzhou”为复数概念，故用are。]
10．shown/showed [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，和其主语The underlying philosophy，literature，art，and craftsmanship之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·潍坊市高中学科核心素养测评)
Miss Baugh taught seventh-grade social studies．She was the kind of teacher that just about everyone has had at least once：Scary．Her reputation was not unlike that of Dracula．Miss Baugh allowed no nonsense(胡言乱语)．She drilled us and taught us to take school seriously．She also introduced us to the concept of “extra credit” for a correct response to a random question—and a frown for an incorrect one．Miss Baugh had been teaching for a long time and knew how to frighten even the naughty boys in the back row，including me．She managed to scare us all．
But I also had a life outside of school and had just discovered cheap prank (恶作剧) pieces— an ink bottle painted to look as though it had overturned，and a piece of shiny black metal shaped like a puddle of ink．
Of all the people I could have played tricks on，I chose Miss Baugh somehow．At the beginning of the class，before she'd returned to her classroom，I dared to approach her desk．I opened her grade book and placed the bottle and the black metal on one of the pages，proudly noting that it truly did look like spilled ink! Then I went to my desk and waited for the fun．
I wasn't disappointed．When Miss Baugh saw the items，she let out a little cry and looked for something to wipe up the ink．The prank had succeeded the way beyond my expectations．But immediately she discovered that it was just a piece of black metal．She picked up the “puddle”，then the bottle，and examined them．She looked up with eyes sweeping around the classroom with a deadly stare．Some of my classmates who had seen me set up the fake spill carefully avoided looking at me，so as not to give me away．Then came the unavoidable question: “Who did this？”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
After a few violent beats in my heart，I slowly raised my hand．_________________________________________________________________________
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Miss Baugh was as strict as before，but something changed in me．__________________________________________________________________________
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【写作思路】
文章大意：Miss Baugh是一位严厉的老师，班上的每一位同学都害怕她。作者是一个调皮的男孩，有一天，他把看起来像是被打翻了的墨水瓶和一块形状像墨水的黑色金属夹在Miss Baugh的记分册里。当Miss Baugh看到这些东西的时候，她信以为真。但她马上发现了真相，她把教室扫视一遍后，问出了那个无法避免的问题：谁干的？
谋篇布局：根据续写第一段的提示句可知，作者承认了这个恶作剧是他所为。因此，本段续写应该围绕Miss Baugh所采取的处理方法进行展开，可适当添加对作者心理活动和同学们反应的描述。再结合续写第二段的提示句可知，Miss Baugh采取的处理方式与之前不同，因此，考生应注意反转，以一种富有智慧和教育意义的方式来处理此事。
根据续写第二段的提示句可知，本段续写应该会讲到Miss Baugh的变化和这件事情对作者的启发以及作者的变化。考生在本段续写中应注意呼应Miss Baugh一直以来的教育理念，适当升华主题。
【参考范文】
After a few violent beats in my heart，I slowly raised my hand．Miss Baugh fixed me with a stare that struck terror into my heart．The whole classroom lapsed into dead silence．I thought a storm of criticism was coming，but unexpectedly，she just laughed．“Well，it certainly fooled me！” she said，with a satisfying expression spreading across her face．She returned the prank items to me，and for a few seconds a sweet little old lady appeared right where Miss Baugh stood．
Miss Baugh was as strict as before，but something changed in me．She continued to lead us in our social studies with her serious attitude．I didn't play tricks on others any longer and was more focused on my study．And she became a good teacher worthy of respect in my heart just because I glimpsed that Miss Baugh had a warm nature beneath her stern face．That may have been the most enduring “extra credit” I received in seventh-grade social studies．
