(共69张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修二册
Unit 3 Times change！
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2022·岳阳市质量监测)After saying these, he buried his face in his mother's chest and burst out crying．
2．(心理描写)(2022·南京市学情调研)This filled me with a burning rage that I had never felt before．
3．(人物描写)(2022·山东省实验中学模拟)Her hair was so shiny and black and she gave me a big smile．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·武汉市调研考试)I fought tirelessly, my short arms swinging from side to side while the wind cut against my cheeks．After one long hour, I was not even halfway done．Looking at the victorious snow, I thought of Dad's disappointment．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅱ)We ___________(journalist) live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools．
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ) Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few________(decade) to decimate a large part of these resources．
journalists
decades
核
心
单
词
检
测 3．I helped him put up some _______(shelf) in his bedroom．
4．Dr．Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without _________(expand) the area of the fields．
5．Material advance and spiritual enrichment should both _____________(emphasise) equally．
shelves
expanding
be emphasised
派生单词检测 1．The local villagers were in ______ need of help because of floods, so we _____ the government to take action at once, for it was a matter of great _______．(urge)
2．All the excited competitors who are relatively ___________ are _________ for the honor of winning the gold medals in the ___________．(compete)
urgent
urged
urgency
competitive
competing
competition
派生单词检测 3．After moving into his new flat, he _________ his house with many pieces of new _________．(furnish)
4．Ours is a _________ country and we stick to the theory of _________ with Chinese characteristics．(social)
5．The original _________ was to devote three months to the project but we finished later than we had ________．(intend)
furnished
furniture
socialist
socialism
intention
intended
高频短语检测 drop in，a bunch of，for good，in good hands，take over，pop up，pave the way
1．__________ kids were searching the dusty house for something valuable．
2．The company was in good condition when it was __________ by his son．
A bunch of
taken over
高频短语检测 3．Every parent wants to make sure their child is _____________．
4．It is annoying that the advertisements ______ now and then when we use the Internet．
5．We believe that this agreement can ____________ for peace between the two countries．
in good hands
pop up
pave the way
重点句式检测 1．他回到家的那一天，发现家乡已发生了翻天覆地的变化。(时间状语从句)
__________________________，he found great changes had taken place in his hometown．
2．为了欣赏风景，她宁愿长时间坐火车旅行而不坐飞机。(would rather do...than do...)
To enjoy the scenery, she _________________________________________________________．
The day he returned home
would rather spend long hours on the
train than travel by air
重点句式检测 3．我热心随和，很容易相处。(be＋adj．＋to do)
I am warm-hearted and easygoing and I _____________________．
am easy to get along with
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 sympathy [课本义]n．同情[增补义]n．赞同，支持
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)The one in the new environment should be ____________(sympathy) to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned．
②Actually, they felt great sympathy ___ the victims in the accident．
sympathetic
for
完美写作——续写佳句之行为/心理描写
③After hearing her story, Jack __________________________________________________________________(对她表示同情并决定帮助她摆脱困境)．
④______________________________________(出于对这个无家可归的孩子的同情) the old man gave him shelter for the night．
expressed/showed/felt sympathy for
her and decided to help her out
Out of sympathy for the homeless child
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?express/show/feel sympathy for sb．同情某人
?have/feel sympathy with 赞同，支持
?out of sympathy (for...) 出于(对……的)同情
?sympathize v．同情
?sympathetic adj．同情的，有同情心的
语料输入——必备素材
?feel sympathy for the deaths in the earthquake 对地震遇难者表示同情
?express my deepest sympathy to you and your family 表达我对您和您家人最深切的慰问
?have sympathy with his point of view 同意他的观点
2 compete v．竞争
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙) ___________(compete)．
②(2021·浙江1月卷)In the pumpkin field, I compete ____ my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin．
competition
with
③(2021·天津卷)I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be ___________(compete) for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat．
competitive
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
④Life is like a long race where _____________________________________________________(我们和他人竞争以超越我们自己)．
we compete with/against others to go
beyond ourselves
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?compete in...参加……比赛
?compete for...为……而竞争
?compete with/against ...与……竞争
?competition n．比赛
?in competition with...与……进行竞争
?competitive adj．竞争的
?competitor n．竞争者，对手
语料输入——必备素材
?compete with each other for the first gold medal 为获得第一枚金牌而彼此竞争
?have a good chance to win the competition 很有可能赢得这场比赛
?a large number of competitors from more than 20 countries 来自20多个国家的许多参赛者
3 expand [课本义]v．(使)扩大；增加 [增补义]v．发展(业务)；扩展；详述
练中回想——语法填空
①The teacher is teaching the students how to expand a sentence ____ a paragraph．
②Would you please expand __ how you managed to get the job
③As a result, the rapid _________(expand) of cities can cause some social and economic problems．
into
on
expansion
完美写作——记叙文佳句
④We took part in a voluntary activity last Friday，___________________________(该活动开阔了我们的视野)．
which expanded our
horizons
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?expand into 发展成；扩展到
?expand...into...把……扩展成为……
?expand on/upon 详述
?expansion n．扩张；(尺寸、范围、数量等的)扩大；膨胀
语料输入——必备素材
?expand external exchanges and cooperation 扩大对外交流与合作
?expand further on my earlier statement 对我之前的声明做进一步补充
4 convincing adj．有说服力的，使人信服的
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·天津卷)He convinced the police department ________(allow) him to set up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks．
②Scientists are convinced __ the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health．
to allow
of
完美写作——句式升级
③He was convinced that his sick son was asleep, and he turned off the light and went to bed．
→___________________________________，he turned off the light and went to bed．(形容词短语作状语)
Convinced that his sick son was asleep
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?convince v．说服，使相信
?convince sb．of sth．使某人相信某事
?convince sb．to do sth．说服某人做某事
?convince sb．that ...使某人相信……
?convinced adj．确信的，信服的
?be convinced of/that 确信，承认
语料输入——必备素材
?try to convince me to buy a cheaper car 努力说服我买一辆较便宜的车
?be convinced of the importance of honesty 相信诚实的重要性
5 drop in顺便造访，临时访问
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·北京卷)The little boy was still awake on his mother's lap, but the woman dropped ___ to sleep．
②She dropped __ my office this morning to tell me that she was going to study abroad．
③On the way to the suburbs, we dropped __ at a bookstore．
off
by
in
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
④The girl __________________________________________________ (不得不辍学去农场帮助她的父亲) because her family was very poor．
had to drop out of school to help her father on the farm
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?drop in on sb．顺便拜访某人
?drop in at someplace 顺便走访某地
?drop by 顺便访问
?drop off 下降，减少；打盹；让……下车
?drop out (of) 不再参与；退学
语料输入——必备素材
?drop in and see you sometime next week 下周某个时间顺便来看看你
?drop in at my uncle's house 去我叔叔家拜访
?be injured in the first round and have to drop out 第一轮就受伤了只好退赛
6 take over接替，接管
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)Just see how cars have taken ____ our cities．
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The first, which I take __ reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingway's A Moveable Feast．
over
to
③(2020·江苏卷)Taking __ this challenge will bring you in contact with someone who shares your interests．
④Don't be taken __ by products promising to make you lose weight quickly．
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
⑤___________________________(飞快脱下外套), he jumped into the river to save the drowning child．
on
in
Taking off his coat quickly
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?take to 开始喜欢；开始养成……习惯
?take down写下，记下；拆卸
?take in吸入；理解；欺骗；收容
?take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下(衣服)；突然大受欢迎
?take on接纳；雇用；呈现；承担(责任)
?take up拿起；接受；占据；开始从事；继续
语料输入——必备素材
?take up too much room 占据太多的空间
?take to going to bed early and getting up early 养成早睡早起的习惯
7 [教材原句]After all, how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call？
毕竟，现如今我们当中有多少人宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的短信，也不愿意打电话？
练中回想——语法填空
①I would rather you _____(begin) to do the work at once by yourself．
②I would rather you ____________(finish) your homework yesterday．
began
had finished
完美写作——一句多译
如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈也不愿与父母面对面谈话。
③Nowadays some teenagers _________________________________________________ with their parents face to face．(would rather ...than ...)
④Nowadays some teenagers _________________________________________________ with their to face．(would ...rather than ...)
⑤Nowadays some teenagers _______________________________________________ with their parents face to face．(prefer to ...rather than ...)
would rather chat with strangers online
than talk
would chat with strangers online rather
than talk
prefer to chat with strangers online
rather than talk
练后归纳——句法分析
?would rather (not) do sth．宁愿(不)做某事
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
We would rather our daughter stayed at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer．
我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们一起待在家里，但那是她的选择，她已经不再是一个小孩子了。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·全国甲卷)Take a view is a desirable annual ___________(compete) for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond．
2．_________(convince) of the accuracy of the data, they stuck to their opinion．
competition
Convinced
3．My friends were very ___________(sympathy) when I lost my job．
4．I'd rather you ________(go) to the party yesterday — it was so wonderful．
5．It is said that there are plans for the _________(expand) of our school building．
6．Although my idea was not __________(convince), I finally convinced him _________(change) his mind．
sympathetic
had gone
expansion
convincing
to change
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Machines have largely taken ____ planting, watering and harvesting crops such as corn and wheat, but the monitoring of cattle has gone through fewer changes．
2．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Museums must compete ___ people's spare time and money with other amusements．
over
for
3．If it is convenient to you, I'll drop __ at your garden tomorrow．
4．I don't quite understand your explanation．Can you expand _______ it
in
on/upon
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．It is my mother who often offers me _________(emotion) and practical support in countless ways．
2．Because they were to move to a new house, they bought a lot of _________(furnish)．
3．Enter your name and __________ (occupy) in the boxes．
4．Some think that a woman's body cells have a ________(tend) to age more slowly than a man's．
emotional
furniture
occupation
tendency
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．You will never know what will pop __ in the next decade．
2．It's very difficult for one to be a good man ___ good．
3．The decision paved the way ___ changes in employment rights for women．
4．I want to buy mum _ bunch of flowers as a birthday present because she likes flowers very much．
up
for
for
a
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)That's a very lovely bunch of flowers．_
A．一群，一伙 B．一束
C．一串
B
2．(2021·浙江卷)Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online．_
A．精神
B．(某种类型的)人
C．精髓
B
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over．
化繁为简本句是并列句，all have caused many languages to disappear中的all代表其前的部分并作它们的______。
[尝试解答]最近几个世纪以来，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和普及义务教育，尤其是最近数十年来全球化和更好的交流，都导致许多语言消失，而英语、西班牙语和汉语等主导语言正在越来越多地占据主导地位。
同位语
2．(2018·江苏卷)She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online．
化繁为简本句是复合句，social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks是省略了that的________，逗号后面是with复合结构作____。
[尝试解答]她说社交媒体公司正让孩子们面临着重大的情感风险，一些刚上中学的孩子没有能力应对他们在网上面对的巨大压力。
宾语从句
状语
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Times change!
Over the past decades, the world 1．_________________(undergo)
legendary changes．That era is gone when a bunch of kids read books in a humble bookstore with 2．_____(dust) shelves．Instead, various libraries are located on the streets of the city, inside which not only books but also stationery and organic food 3．________ (sell)．In the evening, you can still participate in poetry recitals and even jazz concerts．Those
has undergone
dusty
are sold
4．___ don't want to come out can communicate with others on a tablet or a smartphone．5．_____the rapid development of social media, emojis are becoming an integral component of the language we use to express 6．_________ (we)，through which other people can “see” your facial expression while 7．_______(read) your words．The 8．_________ (intend) of these adaptations is 9．_______ (make)the classics more accessible to young readers．Furthermore, emojis have 10．_ tendency to pop up all over the world．We are lucky to grow in a new era．
who
With
ourselves
reading
intention
to make
a
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom想了解你在日常交际中使用表情符号的情况。请你给他写一封信，内容包括：
1．表情符号的重要性；
2．表情符号的优势；
3．表情符号的不足。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Tom，
I'm writing to tell you how I use emojis in daily communication．
When we chat with others on social media, we often use emojis．It seems that emojis are integral．They have emotional functions and are accessible to people．When people see them, it seems that they see others' facial expressions．However, we should keep in mind that if we want to let others understand our intentions, we mainly depend on written words and that emojis are in secondary position．
Yours，
Li Hua
动作描写之finger动“手指”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累
常诵 ①raise a warning finger 举起一根手指以示警告 ②raise/hold up a finger to one's lips 把一根手指举到某人唇边 ③wag/wave one's finger 某人摇着手指 [wag v．(动物尾巴)来回摇摆；来回摇动(竖立的手指)] ④point an accusing finger at sb．指责某人 ⑤drum one's fingers on sp．用手指不停地敲某处
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用与finger相关的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①我们正在大声讨论这时老师走进教室。他举起一根手指以示警告，我们停止了交谈。
We were talking loudly when the teacher came in．__________________________________________________．(简单句)
He raised a warning
finger，and we stopped talking
②过了一会儿，一些学生又忍不住小声谈论起来。
After a while，____________________________________________．
③老师把一根手指举到唇边，要求肃静。
_______________________________，the teacher asked for silence．
(with复合结构)
some students couldn't help talking in whispers again
With a finger raised to his lips
④仅仅过了几秒，有人又说起来了。他不耐烦地用手指嗒嗒地敲击黑板。
Only after a few seconds, some began to talk again．Impatiently, ________________________________________．(简单句)
⑤他指责那些说话的学生，要求他们离开教室。
___________________________________________，he asked them to go outside the classroom．(分词作状语)
he drummed his fingers on the blackboard
Pointing an accusing finger at the students talking
⑥“你们真是太淘气了！”老师摇着手指喊道。
“How naughty you are！” cried the teacher, _________________________．(分词作状语)
wagging/waving his finger续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·岳阳市质量监测)After saying these, he buried his face in his mother's chest and burst out crying． 2．(心理描写)(2022·南京市学情调研)This filled me with a burning rage that I had never felt before． 3．(人物描写)(2022·山东省实验中学模拟)Her hair was so shiny and black and she gave me a big smile． (2022·武汉市调研考试)I fought tirelessly, my short arms swinging from side to side while the wind cut against my cheeks．After one long hour, I was not even halfway done．Looking at the victorious snow, I thought of Dad's disappointment．
核心单词检测 1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅱ)We journalists(journalist) live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools． 2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ) Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades(decade) to decimate a large part of these resources． 3．I helped him put up some shelves(shelf) in his bedroom． 4．Dr．Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding(expand) the area of the fields． 5．Material advance and spiritual enrichment should both be emphasised(emphasise) equally．
派生单词检测 1．The local villagers were in urgent need of help because of floods, so we urged the government to take action at once, for it was a matter of great urgency．(urge) 2．All the excited competitors who are relatively competitive are competing for the honor of winning the gold medals in the competition．(compete) 3．After moving into his new flat, he furnished his house with many pieces of new furniture．(furnish) 4．Ours is a socialist country and we stick to the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics．(social) 5．The original intention was to devote three months to the project but we finished later than we had intended．(intend)
高频短语检测 drop in，a bunch of，for good，in good hands，take over，pop up，pave the way
1．A bunch of kids were searching the dusty house for something valuable． 2．The company was in good condition when it was taken over by his son． 3．Every parent wants to make sure their child is in good hands． 4．It is annoying that the advertisements pop up now and then when we use the Internet． 5．We believe that this agreement can pave the way for peace between the two countries．
重点句式检测 1．他回到家的那一天，发现家乡已发生了翻天覆地的变化。(时间状语从句) The day he returned home, he found great changes had taken place in his hometown． 2．为了欣赏风景，她宁愿长时间坐火车旅行而不坐飞机。(would rather do...than do...) To enjoy the scenery, she would rather spend long hours on the train than travel by air． 3．我热心随和，很容易相处。(be＋adj．＋to do) I am warm-hearted and easygoing and I am easy to get along with．
1 sympathy [课本义]n．同情[增补义]n．赞同，支持
①(2022·全国乙卷)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic (sympathy) to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned．
②Actually, they felt great sympathy for the victims in the accident．
③After hearing her story, Jack expressed/showed/felt sympathy for her and decided to help her out(对她表示同情并决定帮助她摆脱困境)．
④Out of sympathy for the homeless child(出于对这个无家可归的孩子的同情) the old man gave him shelter for the night．
?express/show/feel sympathy for sb．同情某人
?have/feel sympathy with 赞同，支持
?out of sympathy (for...) 出于(对……的)同情
?sympathize v．同情
?sympathetic adj．同情的，有同情心的
?feel sympathy for the deaths in the earthquake 对地震遇难者表示同情
?express my deepest sympathy to you and your family 表达我对您和您家人最深切的慰问
?have sympathy with his point of view 同意他的观点
2 compete v．竞争
①(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙) competition(compete)．
②(2021·浙江1月卷)In the pumpkin field, I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin．
③(2021·天津卷)I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be competitive(compete) for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat．
④Life is like a long race where we compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves(我们和他人竞争以超越我们自己)．
?compete in...参加……比赛
?compete for...为……而竞争
?compete with/against ...与……竞争
?competition n．比赛
?in competition with...与……进行竞争
?competitive adj．竞争的
?competitor n．竞争者，对手
?compete with each other for the first gold medal 为获得第一枚金牌而彼此竞争
?have a good chance to win the competition 很有可能赢得这场比赛
?a large number of competitors from more than 20 countries 来自20多个国家的许多参赛者
3 expand [课本义]v．(使)扩大；增加 [增补义]v．发展(业务)；扩展；详述
①The teacher is teaching the students how to expand a sentence into a paragraph．
②Would you please expand on how you managed to get the job
③As a result, the rapid expansion(expand) of cities can cause some social and economic problems．
④We took part in a voluntary activity last Friday，which expanded our horizons(该活动开阔了我们的视野)．
?expand into 发展成；扩展到
?expand...into...把……扩展成为……
?expand on/upon 详述
?expansion n．扩张；(尺寸、范围、数量等的)扩大；膨胀
?expand external exchanges and cooperation 扩大对外交流与合作
?expand further on my earlier statement 对我之前的声明做进一步补充
4 convincing adj．有说服力的，使人信服的
①(2020·天津卷)He convinced the police department to allow(allow) him to set up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks．
②Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health．
③He was convinced that his sick son was asleep, and he turned off the light and went to bed．
→Convinced that his sick son was asleep, he turned off the light and went to bed．(形容词短语作状语)
?convince v．说服，使相信
?convince sb．of sth．使某人相信某事
?convince sb．to do sth．说服某人做某事
?convince sb．that ...使某人相信……
?convinced adj．确信的，信服的
?be convinced of/that 确信，承认
?try to convince me to buy a cheaper car 努力说服我买一辆较便宜的车
?be convinced of the importance of honesty 相信诚实的重要性
5 drop in顺便造访，临时访问
①(2021·北京卷)The little boy was still awake on his mother's lap, but the woman dropped off to sleep．
②She dropped by my office this morning to tell me that she was going to study abroad．
③On the way to the suburbs, we dropped in at a bookstore．
④The girl had to drop out of school to help her father on the farm(不得不辍学去农场帮助她的父亲) because her family was very poor．
?drop in on sb．顺便拜访某人
?drop in at someplace 顺便走访某地
?drop by 顺便访问
?drop off 下降，减少；打盹；让……下车
?drop out (of) 不再参与；退学
?drop in and see you sometime next week 下周某个时间顺便来看看你
?drop in at my uncle's house 去我叔叔家拜访
?be injured in the first round and have to drop out 第一轮就受伤了只好退赛
6 take over接替，接管
①(2022·全国乙卷)Just see how cars have taken over our cities．
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingway's A Moveable Feast．
③(2020·江苏卷)Taking on this challenge will bring you in contact with someone who shares your interests．
④Don't be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly．
⑤Taking off his coat quickly(飞快脱下外套), he jumped into the river to save the drowning child．
?take to 开始喜欢；开始养成……习惯
?take down写下，记下；拆卸
?take in吸入；理解；欺骗；收容
?take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下(衣服)；突然大受欢迎
?take on接纳；雇用；呈现；承担(责任)
?take up拿起；接受；占据；开始从事；继续
?take up too much room 占据太多的空间
?take to going to bed early and getting up early 养成早睡早起的习惯
7 [教材原句]After all, how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call？ 毕竟，现如今我们当中有多少人宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的短信，也不愿意打电话？
①I would rather you began(begin) to do the work at once by yourself．
②I would rather you had finished(finish) your homework yesterday．
如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈也不愿与父母面对面谈话。
③Nowadays some teenagers would rather chat with strangers online than talk with their parents face to face．(would rather ...than ...)
④Nowadays some teenagers would chat with strangers online rather than talk with their parents face to face．(would ...rather than ...)
⑤Nowadays some teenagers prefer to chat with strangers online rather than talk with their parents face to face．(prefer to ...rather than ...)
?would rather (not) do sth．宁愿(不)做某事
?
?would rather
＋从句
We would rather our daughter stayed at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer．
我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们一起待在家里，但那是她的选择，她已经不再是一个小孩子了。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·全国甲卷)Take a view is a desirable annual competition(compete) for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond．
2．Convinced(convince) of the accuracy of the data, they stuck to their opinion．
3．My friends were very sympathetic(sympathy) when I lost my job．
4．I'd rather you had gone(go) to the party yesterday — it was so wonderful．
5．It is said that there are plans for the expansion(expand) of our school building．
6．Although my idea was not convincing(convince), I finally convinced him to change(change) his mind．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Machines have largely taken over planting, watering and harvesting crops such as corn and wheat, but the monitoring of cattle has gone through fewer changes．
2．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Museums must compete for people's spare time and money with other amusements．
3．If it is convenient to you, I'll drop in at your garden tomorrow．
4．I don't quite understand your explanation．Can you expand on/upon it
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．It is my mother who often offers me emotional(emotion) and practical support in countless ways．
2．Because they were to move to a new house, they bought a lot of furniture(furnish)．
3．Enter your name and occupation (occupy) in the boxes．
4．Some think that a woman's body cells have a tendency(tend) to age more slowly than a man's．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．You will never know what will pop up in the next decade．
2．It's very difficult for one to be a good man for good．
3．The decision paved the way for changes in employment rights for women．
4．I want to buy mum a bunch of flowers as a birthday present because she likes flowers very much．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)That's a very lovely bunch of flowers．B
A．一群，一伙 B．一束
C．一串
2．(2021·浙江卷)Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online．B
A．精神
B．(某种类型的)人
C．精髓
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over．
本句是并列句，all have caused many languages to disappear中的all代表其前的部分并作它们的同位语。
[尝试解答]最近几个世纪以来，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和普及义务教育，尤其是最近数十年来全球化和更好的交流，都导致许多语言消失，而英语、西班牙语和汉语等主导语言正在越来越多地占据主导地位。
2．(2018·江苏卷)She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online．
本句是复合句，social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks是省略了that的宾语从句，逗号后面是with复合结构作状语。
[尝试解答]她说社交媒体公司正让孩子们面临着重大的情感风险，一些刚上中学的孩子没有能力应对他们在网上面对的巨大压力。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Times change!
Over the past decades, the world 1．has undergone(undergo)legendary changes．That era is gone when a bunch of kids read books in a humble bookstore with 2．dusty(dust) shelves．Instead, various libraries are located on the streets of the city, inside which not only books but also stationery and organic food 3．are sold (sell)．In the evening, you can still participate in poetry recitals and even jazz concerts．Those 4．who don't want to come out can communicate with others on a tablet or a smartphone．5．With the rapid development of social media, emojis are becoming an integral component of the language we use to express 6．ourselves (we)，through which other people can “see” your facial expression while 7．reading(read) your words．The 8．intention (intend) of these adaptations is 9．to make (make)the classics more accessible to young readers．Furthermore, emojis have 10．a tendency to pop up all over the world．We are lucky to grow in a new era．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom想了解你在日常交际中使用表情符号的情况。请你给他写一封信，内容包括：
1．表情符号的重要性；
2．表情符号的优势；
3．表情符号的不足。
注意：词数80左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Tom，
I'm writing to tell you how I use emojis in daily communication．
When we chat with others on social media, we often use emojis．It seems that emojis are integral．They have emotional functions and are accessible to people．When people see them, it seems that they see others' facial expressions．However, we should keep in mind that if we want to let others understand our intentions, we mainly depend on written words and that emojis are in secondary position．
Yours，
Li Hua
动作描写之finger动“手指”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累 常诵 ①raise a warning finger 举起一根手指以示警告 ②raise/hold up a finger to one's lips 把一根手指举到某人唇边 ③wag/wave one's finger 某人摇着手指 [wag v．(动物尾巴)来回摇摆；来回摇动(竖立的手指)] ④point an accusing finger at sb．指责某人 ⑤drum one's fingers on sp．用手指不停地敲某处
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用与finger相关的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①我们正在大声讨论这时老师走进教室。他举起一根手指以示警告，我们停止了交谈。
We were talking loudly when the teacher came in．He raised a warning finger，and we stopped talking．(简单句)
②过了一会儿，一些学生又忍不住小声谈论起来。
After a while，some students couldn't help talking in whispers again．
③老师把一根手指举到唇边，要求肃静。
With a finger raised to his lips，the teacher asked for silence．(with复合结构)
④仅仅过了几秒，有人又说起来了。他不耐烦地用手指嗒嗒地敲击黑板。
Only after a few seconds, some began to talk again．Impatiently, he drummed his fingers on the blackboard．(简单句)
⑤他指责那些说话的学生，要求他们离开教室。
Pointing an accusing finger at the students talking，he asked them to go outside the classroom．(分词作状语)
⑥“你们真是太淘气了！”老师摇着手指喊道。
“How naughty you are！” cried the teacher, wagging/waving his finger．(分词作状语)
课时分层作业(二十七)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇（限时6分钟）
(2022·福州市质检)
There is a picture：A polar bear is lying lifeless on a beach．On the shore，in the background，stand three guards，talking to each other．One of them has a deadly weapon hanging casually on his shoulder．This powerful image has made people question the motivation for this kind of tourism，or ecotourism．Does our proximity (接近) to large animals in the wild，frequently fueled by a desire for exciting images，lead to such animals becoming accustomed to human contact？If that is the case，surely the losing side will end up paying the ultimate price for such proximity．
To my sorrow，I have recently returned from a trip to Svalbard，and indeed stood two weeks ago on the very beach where the bear was shot．The bear's death should never have happened．Was the beach examined beforehand Was there access to flares (照明弹) to scare off a bear that appeared suddenly These are standard measures for any operator．The incident is probably the result of a terrible systematic failure．
Nevertheless，the incident should not negate the value of ecotourism．In its best form，this kind of travel has a very little impact，or indeed has a positive effect on the environment where it takes place．This can be achieved by making financial donations to conservation groups，providing income to local communities，or ensuring protection of certain areas or animals．In Svalbard，visitors become ambassadors for the endangered polar bear，increasing awareness of the fact that the far greater danger they are facing is the sea ice melt in the Arctic Ocean．
Ecotourism is an expanding market that brings benefits as well as challenges to the regions around the world in which it operates．Simply closing off these regions is not the answer．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过分析管理人员将闯入生态旅游区域内的北极熊杀死这一事件发生的可能原因，告诉人们不要因此否定生态旅游的价值。生态旅游有利于发展当地的经济，进而更好地保护当地的环境。
1．Why was the polar bear dead
A．It was probably hunt for its fur by tourists．
B．It was probably frightened to death by flares．
C．The proper procedures weren't probably followed．
D．The beach wasn't probably equipped with safety devices．
C [推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The bear's death should never have happened．”以及最后一句“The incident is probably the result of a terrible systematic failure．”可推知，作者认为北极熊本来不应该被射杀，而悲剧的最终发生可能是因为海滩的管理者没有遵循应有的处理方法及程序，故选C。]
2．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．Ecotourism could be developed properly．
B．Financial donations should be strongly advocated．
C．Environmental awareness has greatly increased．
D．Visitors have a guilty conscience about ecotourism．
A [段落大意题。根据第三段第一句“Nevertheless，the incident should not negate the value of ecotourism．”可知，作者认为该事件不应否定生态旅游的价值，然后该段其他部分阐述了生态旅游对当地环境以及当地经济的积极影响，由此可知A项符合题意。]
3．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest
A．More challenges haven't yet been accepted．
B．Better measures for conducting ecotourism are a good choice．
C．The environmental benefits from ecotourism are very obvious．
D．The positive effects of protecting tourists haven't yet been felt．
B [句意理解题。根据第四段第一句“Ecotourism is an expanding market that brings benefits as well as challenges to the regions around the world in which it operates．”可知，生态旅游是一个不断扩大的市场，给当地带来了益处和挑战，再结合画线句可知，仅仅关闭这些实行生态旅游的区域来保护环境并不是一个很好的解决方法，故选B。]
篇
(2022·东北三校第一次联考)
While the increase in the number of unemployed Americans has been a focus of economists throughout the pandemic，another problem has been mostly overlooked：The people that do have jobs are calling in sick in record numbers．
Unlike the jobless rate，which has declined noticeably，the rate of absenteeism (旷工) has remained stubbornly high．More than 1.9 million people missed work in December，according to the data from the United States Department of Labor．Michael Gapen，Chief US Economist，says although vaccinations could start driving down absenteeism，the missed work is causing supply chain problems．“Absenteeism could lead to shortages；it could lead to higher prices and more limited output，”he says．
The problem is so acute that companies are lobbying local authorities to get their workers near the front of the line for vaccinations．“There are instances of having to shut down lines at various points in time in order to manage the absenteeism，”says Geoff Freeman，a chief executive officer．
According to the Institute for Supply Management，factory activities increased in December，with the employment returning to a level that indicates growth．However，one complaint is that suppliers are still struggling with their own employee shortages，which is causing supply problems．“The quantity of infection and the quantity of people who are sick or have to be self-quarantined are just so overwhelming that everybody has to be affected by it，” Timothy Fiore，said on a Jan．5 call with reporters．
For office workers，90% of professionals said before the pandemic they'd sometimes go to work when sick．The pandemic，however，contributes to the fact that more employees are staying at home to protect themselves and others．
“We know when the absenteeism will end，and that's when we get the vaccine in our arms，”says a manager．“But a lack of federal leadership means this is the Wild West right now，and we see the results of that．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在疫情期间，美国的失业率一直是经济学家关注的焦点，然而另一个问题却通常被忽视：旷工率。美国的旷工率很高，这导致了供应链问题。
4．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about absenteeism
A．Its root causes．
B．Its major consequences．
C．Its future development．
D．Its economic values．
B [段落大意题。根据第二段中的“...the missed work is causing supply chain problems．‘Absenteeism...more limited output，’”可知，旷工导致供应链问题，导致短缺以及价格的上涨和产量的受限。故本段主要讲述旷工导致的后果。故B项正确。]
5．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “lobbying” in paragraph 3
A．Persuading． B．Cheating．
C．Informing． D．Predicting．
A [词义猜测题 根据第三段首句可知，旷工问题如此严重，很多公司在游说地方当局让他们的员工尽早进行疫苗接种。由此可知画线词与A项“说服”最为接近。故A项正确。B项意为“欺骗”；C项意为“通知，告知”；D项意为“预言”。]
6．What can we say about America's absent workers
A．They complain about their working conditions．
B．They call in sick because of their mental pressure．
C．They struggle with the supply shortages．
D．They are largely impacted by the pandemic．
D [细节理解题。根据第五段可知，对于上班族来说，90%的专业人员在疫情前有时带病上班。然而疫情是更多的员工待在家里保护自己和他人这一事实的原因之一。由此可推知，大部分员工受到了疫情的影响。故D项正确。]
7．What can be inferred from the text
A．There are more jobless workers than the absent ones．
B．Supply chain problems are causing absenteeism．
C．All people aren't satisfied with the federal government．
D．Workers won't return to work even if they are vaccinated．
C [推理判断题。根据第六段中的“a lack of federal...the results of that”可知，联邦政府领导力的缺失意味着这就是西部的蛮荒，我们看到了这种管理方式的后果。由此可推知，并非所有的人都对联邦政府感到满意。故C项正确。]
篇
(2022·南京市盐城市二模)
For generations，depression has been seen as an illness，disorder or even weakness．Such an idea makes sense because depression causes suffering and even death．But what if we've got it all wrong
The common wisdom is that depression starts in the mind with abnormal thinking．That leads to symptoms like headaches，stomachaches or tiredness．Now，models like the Polyvagal Theory suggest that we've got it backward．It's the body that detects danger and initiates a defense strategy meant to help us survive．That biological strategy is called immobilization，and it is demonstrated in the mind and the body with a set of symptoms we call depression．
When we think of depression as unnecessary suffering，we are telling people with depression that they are not part of the group，they are not right and they don't belong．That robs them of hope．But when we begin to understand that depression，at least initially，happens for a good reason，we lift the shame．Instead，people with depression are courageous survivors，not damaged sick people．
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is constantly scanning our internal and external environment for signs of danger．If our ANS detects a threat or even a simple lack of safety，its next strategy is the fight-or-flight response，which we often feel as anxiety．Sometimes the threat is so bad or goes on for so long that the nervous system decides there is no way to fight or to flee．At that point，there is only one option left: immobilization．
The immobilization response is the original biological defense in higher animals．It dulls pain and makes us feel disconnected．Think of some reptiles (爬行动物)，which shut down their bodies to avoid cold temperatures and the lack of food and water．In humans，people often describe feeling “out of their bodies” during extremely unpleasant events，which has a defensive effect of reducing the emotional shock．This is important because some things are so terrible，and we don't want people to be fully present when they happen．What incredible capacity of our biology to find a way in hard times!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文通过介绍抑郁症，主要想告诉我们：抑郁症并非如大多人所想的那样是给人带来痛苦的，相反，它是一种自我保护机制。
8．Why does the author mention the Polyvagal Theory
A．To offer a standard for identifying depression．
B．To raise people's awareness of mental problems．
C．To make sense of how depression affects people．
D．To correct a commonly held idea about depression．
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Now，models like...we've got it backward．”可知，这个理论表明我们将抑郁症理解反了，所以提到这个理论是用来纠正我们对抑郁症的既有观点。故选D。]
9．What can we infer from paragraph 3
A．Depression can bring people in crisis hope．
B．People may feel it wrong to have depression．
C．Depression is an unnecessary human emotion．
D．People often feel proud of fighting depression．
B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When we think of...of hope．”可知，当我们认为抑郁症是不必要的痛苦时，我们就是在告诉抑郁症患者他们是不对的，他们和群体不入，这剥夺了他们的希望。由此可知，这是人们对抑郁症的通常看法，所以人们往往会认为得抑郁症是一件不好的事情。故选B。]
10．What is “immobilization” in the text
A．Building up anxiety．
B．Rising to the challenge．
C．Shutting down action．
D．Pulling through a crisis．
C [词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句可知，它能减轻痛苦，让我们感到疏离，再根据第三句可知，一些爬行动物会休眠以避免寒冷的天气以及食物和水的匮乏，综上可知，immobilization意为“减少活动，减少与周围人的接触”。故选C。]
11．In which order does our body react to an extremely unpleasant situation
①seek to work out solutions
②become aware of a threat
③experience emotional shock
④start defensive avoidance
A．②③④① B．④②①③
C．②①③④ D．④①②③
C [推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三、四句可知，如果我们的自主神经系统检测到有威胁，甚至只是缺乏安全感，它的下一个策略就是战斗或逃跑反应，我们通常会感到焦虑。有时威胁太严重或持续时间太长，以至于神经系统决定没有办法战斗或逃跑。此时只剩下一个选择——固化；根据第五段第四句可知，人们经常描述在极度不愉快的事件中有“不适”的感觉，这具有减少情绪休克的防御作用。由此可知，我们的身体对一种极其不愉快的情况的反应顺序是①检测到威胁②战斗或逃跑反应③感受到情绪休克④防御。故选C。]
Ⅱ．完形填空
(2022·海口市高考调研考试)
This Father's Day certainly seems different to me．My 1 as a father during the pandemic has taught me something new and special about fatherhood．
I'm a photographer and have to travel frequently． 2 ，living in isolation brought me closer to my son Diego．We 3 every corner of the house together: reading on the sofa，watching movies in the bedroom and grilling on the roof．Now 4 always yelling “Mommy，Mommy”， my son screams“Daddy！” That makes me 5 ．I'm so thankful for this unexpected gift of a deeper 6 with my son．
On our first day of freedom after two months of isolation，I discovered Diego had lost his familiarity with 7 ．While visiting a park in the city，I noticed that he was even 8 of ants．So my wife and I arranged a trip to the 9 ．My father joined us and，for a couple of days，three 10 ， my father，my son and I—found ourselves walking in the woods．
The pandemic allowed me to take the time to 11 on what it means to be a father，with the honor and duty to 12 my parents' teachings to my son．Of course，I really 13 the time I spent working in the field．But I've 14 a lot of time with my family，especially with my 15 ．I used to think that without photography，I was nothing．Now I see that，without love，I am less than nothing．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一位摄影师，不得不经常到处出差。疫情期间的隔离使得他和儿子在一起的时间增多了，虽然工作受到一些影响，但是这段经历让作者学到一些关于做父亲的新的且特殊的东西。
1．A．knowledge B．promise
C．experience D．performance
C [考查语境推断。由文章首句“This Father's Day certainly seems different to me．”以及下文讲述的和儿子在一起的故事可知，此处讲述的是作者作为父亲的经历，故选C。]
2．A．Gradually B．Hopefully
C．Strangely D．Luckily
D [考查语境推断。由空后的“living in isolation brought me closer to my son Diego”可以看出作者的情感态度，他认为这是一件幸运的事情，故用Luckily。]
3．A．enjoyed B．cleared
C．searched D．decorated
A [考查语境推断。由“reading on the sofa，watching movies in the bedroom and grilling on the roof”可以看出作者和儿子非常喜欢且享受做这些事情。]
4．A．due to B．regardless of
C．along with D．instead of
D [考查语境推断。由语境可知，此处表示现在儿子不再总是喊妈妈了，他开始叫爸爸了，故instead of符合语境。]
5．A．confused B．delighted
C．embarrassed D．surprised
B [考查语境推断。由空后一句“I'm so thankful for this unexpected gift of a deeper with my son．”可知，作者的情感态度非常积极，故推断这件事使作者非常高兴。]
6．A．communication B．relationship
C．cooperation D．satisfaction
B [考查语境推断。由上文的“Now always yelling ‘Mommy，Mommy’，my son screams‘Daddy！’”可推知，现在作者和儿子的关系与以前相比更深了。]
7．A．people B．society
C．nature D．art
C [考查语境推断。由第三段的前两句可知由于疫情隔离了两个月，作者的儿子与大自然的关系疏远了，甚至开始害怕蚂蚁。]
8．A．afraid B．fond
C．aware D．ashamed
A [考查语境推断。参见上题解析。]
9．A．beaches B．museums
C．streets D．mountains
D [考查语境推断。由空前一句可知，作者的儿子甚至害怕蚂蚁了，由此可以推知，为了让儿子恢复与大自然的关系，作者和妻子决定带儿子到大自然去，故D项符合语境。下文中的“walking in the woods”也是提示。]
10．A．branches B．generations
C．categories D．divisions
B [考查语境推断。由空后的“my father，my son and I”可知，是祖孙三代一起去树林散步，故B项符合语境。]
11．A．reflect B．impress
C．count D．comment
A [考查语境推断。根据本段首句可知，疫情让作者有更多的时间反思(reflect)作为一名父亲意味着什么，并且要带着荣誉感和责任感将自己父母的教诲传递(pass on)给自己的儿子。故A项符合语境。]
12．A．bring up B．show off
C．pass on D．write down
C [考查语境推断。参见上题解析。]
13．A．imagine B．forget
C．regret D．miss
D [考查语境推断。由第二段首句“I'm a photographer and have to travel frequently．”及“living in isolation”可推知，作者错过了很多在野外度过的时间。]
14．A．gained B．spared
C．wasted D．saved
A [考查语境推断。由语境可知，由于疫情隔离，作者得到了更多陪伴家人的时间，尤其是陪儿子，故用gained。]
15．A．wife B．son
C．father D．mother
B [考查语境推断。通读全文可知，本文主要是说作者和儿子之间的关系，故选B。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作
(2022·海口市高考调研考试)
假定你是校陶艺社团(Pottery Club)的负责人李华，请你为英语班会写一篇发言稿，分享社团上周举行的社团活动。要点如下：
1．活动时间、地点；
2．活动内容；
3．活动感受。
注意：1．词数应为80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文】
Hello，everyone，
I'm more than delighted to share the event our Pottery Club organized last Friday in the Activity Center．
As scheduled，the activity started with the excellent presentation made by our instructor Mr Wang，who designed the task for this session．We all observed carefully how a mass of clay was transformed fantastically into a vivid artwork．He also encouraged us to make one of the twelve animal signs．Thanks to the teacher's help，we accomplished our own work，with which we had photos taken together proudly．
Through the activity，we knew more about Chinese pottery and what it took to be a craftsman．
