(共64张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修二册
Unit 5 A delicate world
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2022·唐山市模拟)Wide awake, I sat up in bed before dawn．
2．(心理描写)(2022·福州市模拟)I made efforts to remove the scar from my heart．
3．(人物描写)(2022·温州市模拟)She was pretty with smooth hair, always wearing a bright smile．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·盐城市学情检测)The first day he walked into Mr Rowe's classroom, he ignored the other students, looking angry and annoyed, and slid into his chair, knocking a couple of textbooks onto the floor．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative ________(session)．
2．World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean ____________(conserve)．
3．(2022·浙江1月卷)A total of 40 women met the ________(criterion) for a high fitness level, with a capacity of 120 watts or higher...
sessions
conservation
criteria
核
心
单
词
检
测 4．Mary will take care of the baby — she ____(owe) me a favor．
5．The rescue team tried their best to rescue those miners _______(trap) under the mine．
owes
trapped
派生单词检测 1．He used to drive fast．So I often told him driving fast was _________ and would ________ people's lives．(danger)
2．He is a ___________，and he has been interested in _______ since he was a child．He is involved in __________ topics now．(biology)
dangerous
endanger
biologist
biology
biological
派生单词检测 3．____________ with him, you are more easy-going．By ____________，I think more people will be willing to make friends with you．(compare)
4．A person is called _______________ who takes an active part in ____________．(conserve)
5．A __________ young woman is living next door，who is silent，smiling ____________．(mystery)
Compared
comparison
conservationist
conservation
mysterious
mysteriously
高频短语检测 in harmony with，develop an appetite for，turn out，a substantial number of，once and for all，on behalf of，coexist with
1．We must ensure that industry develops _______________ the environment．
2．____________ all the villagers, I'd like to express our heartfelt thanks to you all for your support．
in harmony with
On behalf of
高频短语检测 3．With the help of the professor, the local villagers solved their problems ________________．
4．It __________ that the stranger with whom we had our supper that night was the manager of the hotel．
5．In the long run, technology can help make economic development ____________ conservation of the environment．
once and for all
turned out
coexist with
重点句式检测 1．我永远不会知道他当时在想什么，其他人也不会知道。(倒装句)
I will never know what was on his mind at the time, ____________________________．
2．由于这次洪灾我们很可能无法按时完成任务。(表语从句)
The chances are ______________________________________ because of the flood．
nor/neither will anyone else
that we cannot finish the task on time
重点句式检测 3．对他来说，独自一个人做这么困难的工作是一个很大的挑战。(不定式短语作真正主语)
It is a big challenge ________________________________________________．
for him to do such difficult work all by
himself
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 decrease [课本义]v．(使)变小，(使)减少 [增补义]n．减少；减少量；降低
练中回想——语法填空
①The population of this town _____________(decrease)by 0.3% in the last three years．
②This species of bird is decreasing __ number every year．
③With the traffic improving，the number of accidents is __ the decrease．
has decreased
on
in
完美写作——应用文佳句
④There has been ____________________________________________ (参观者人数减少了将近6%) to the museum．
a decrease of nearly 6% in the number of visitors
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?decrease in...在……方面减少
?decrease by...减少了……
?decrease (from ...) to ...(从……)减少到……
?on the decrease 在减少
?a decrease in ...在……方面减少
语料输入——必备素材
?decrease water and soil loss 减少水土流失
?a decrease in imports 进口量减少
2 trap [课本义]n．夹子，陷阱 [增补义]n．圈套；诡计v．收集；使困住；使陷入圈套；使陷入困境
练中回想——语法填空
①A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________________(trap) in the mountains for two days．
②Whatever you do, don't fall ____ the trap of thinking that you're always right．
③The shopkeeper trapped me into ______(buy) their poor quality milk．
had been trapped
into
buying
完美写作——一句多译
因为被困在了电梯里，他上学迟到了。
④____________________________________，he was late for school．(状语从句)
⑤_____________________，he was late for school．(分词短语作状语)
Because he was trapped in the lift
Trapped in the lift
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?fall into/be caught in a trap 掉进陷阱；落入圈套
?set/lay a trap for...为……设圈套
?be/get trapped in...被困在……
?trap sb．into (doing)sth．诱骗某人(做)某事
语料输入——必备素材
?fall into the trap laid for him 掉进为他设的陷阱
?be trapped in the burning house 被困在着火的房子里
?be trapped into accepting the terms of the contract 被诱骗接受这份合同的条款
3 owe [课本义]v．应该做；对……负有……的义务 [增补义]v．欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；起源于
练中回想——语法填空
①When asked of his success, he said he owed much of his success __ his family．
②I owe __ to you that I finished my work ahead of time．
③__________(owe) to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours．
to
it
Owing
完美写作——词汇升级
④My English has improved a lot because of your help．
→I __________________ my English has improved a lot．
owe it to you that
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?owe sb．sth．＝ owe sth．to sb．欠某人某物
?owe sth．to...把……归功于；为……而感谢
?owe it to sb．that...多亏了某人……
?owing to因为，由于
语料输入——必备素材
?owe you an apology 应向你道歉
?owe his success to his teacher's encouragement 把他的成功归功于老师的鼓励
4 comparison n．比较
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·全国乙卷)However, that was small fry ________(compare) with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250，000 people．
compared
②When _________(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities．
③A teacher is often compared __ a candle．That's because their devotion to work is _______________compare．
comparing
to
beyond/without
完美写作——一句多译
如果你把这项任务与前一项相比，你会发现这似乎是一个小挑战。
④____________________________________，you will find it seems a small challenge．(分词短语作状语)
⑤______________________________________，you will find it seems a small challenge．(介词短语作状语)
Compared with/to the previous task
In comparison with the previous task
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?in comparison with...与……相比
?by comparison 相比较而言
?compare v．&n．比较；比喻；对照
?compare...with/to...把……和……相比较
?compare...to...把……比作……
?compared to/with...与……相比
?beyond/without compare 无与伦比，举世无双
语料输入——必备素材/高考写作佳句背诵
?compare notes with your classmates frequently 经常与你的同学们交换笔记
?compare the world to a stage 把世界比作一个舞台
?promise you a wedding beyond/without compare 答应给你一场无与伦比的婚礼
?Don't compare your strength with others' weakness．不拿你的强项和别人的弱项相比。
5 on behalf of 代表
练中回想——语法填空
①____ behalf of the staff，I wish to extend our warmest welcome to you．
②Many Chinese people believe that red stands ___ good luck．
③We're very glad to greet you __ the name of the Chinese people．
On
for
in
完美写作——应用文佳句
④It's my great honor to stand here______________________________(代表所有的学生), and I'd like to offer you my warmest welcome．
on behalf of all the students
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?on sb．'s behalf代表某人
?represent sb．代表某人
?stand for 代表；象征
?in the name of...代表……；以……的名义
语料输入——必备素材
?speak on behalf of my class 代表全班发言
?accept the prize on his behalf 代他领奖
[名师点津] 当表示“代表某人或团体”时，不能用stand for。
6 [教材原句]Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years．
他们也不难想象出，数千年来，包括帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹在内的当地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共存的。
练中回想——语法填空
① If Joe's wife doesn't go to the party, nor ____ he．
②______(rare) did he visit his parents, which surprised me very much．
③Not until we went through real hardship ___ we realize the love we have for our families is important．
will
Rarely
did
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
④________________________(我从未遇到过) such a difficult problem．
⑤_______________________________________(他很少考虑自己的安危), though he was in great danger．
Never have I come across
Little did he care about his own safety
练后归纳——句法分析
具有否定意义的副词(短语)never, not, nor, hardly, little, seldom, rarely, neither, scarcely, not until, at no time, by no means, in no way等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装，即将情态动词、系动词 be 或助动词提到主语之前。
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
Worse still, we had little time to collaborate with our parents and friends, nor did we have time to do physical exercise．
更糟的是，我们几乎没有时间与父母和朋友合作，也没有时间进行体育锻炼。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, ________(compare) with 16% in 1991．
2．They are making every effort ___________(decrease) the production cost．
compared
to decrease
3．It is because of the greenhouse effect that the Earth is warmed up by gases _______(trap) in the atmosphere．
4．First and foremost, _____(owe) to the long summer vacation, I can enjoy myself completely．
5．By __________(compare), I think the products in your company are much better．
6．________(scarce) had the game started when it began to rain．
trapped
owing
comparison
Scarcely
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．I'm privileged to have the chance to speak here __ behalf of my class．
2．Jane won't join us for dinner tonight，nor ____ Tom．
3．I owed __ to the doctors that I survived such a severe accident．
4．Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals is __ the decrease in this area．
on
will
it
on
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)I felt so helpless and ________(secure) because the quality of my life was affected．
2．(2021·浙江1月卷)The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5，000 _________(incident) of these meaningful exchanges．
insecure
incidents
3．Most airlines require you to arrive at the airport 2 hours before _________(depart) time．
4．He just kept silent at the meeting．__________(apparent) he was a man of few words．
departure
Apparently
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．It turned ___ that what he told me yesterday was not true at all．
2．Only in this way can we solve the problems we are facing once ___ for all．
3．How I hope all the countries in the world can coexist ____ each other peacefully!
4．I do believe it is possible for different ethnic groups to live __ harmony with each other．
out
and
with
in
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs．_
A．突然增加 B．爆炸
C．迸发
B
2．(2021·全国乙卷)One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed she collapsed from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack．_
A．倒坍，塌下 B．倒下，晕倒
C．崩溃
3．(2020·浙江卷)The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants' overall health status．_
A．地位；身份 B．状况 C．重视(或崇尚)程度
B
B
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come．
化繁为简本句是复合句，不定式短语to purchase ...the National Wildlife Refuge System作________，破折号后面的内容起解释说明作用，其中that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come是________，修饰先行词a fact。
[尝试解答]售卖鸭票的每一美元中，约有98美分将直接进入候鸟保护基金，用于购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，以便纳入国家野生动物保护系统——这确保了这片土地将受到保护，并为子孙后代所使用。
目的状语
定语从句
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy．
化繁为简本句是并列复合句，but连接两个并列分句，but后的分句中包含when引导的____________。
[尝试解答]海狸鼠皮贸易数十年来让海狸鼠的数量得以控制，但是当20世纪80年代后期海狸鼠的市场瘫痪的时候，这种和猫一样大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。
时间状语从句
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
In recent years, people's awareness of environmental protection has improved 1．____________(dramatical)．The natural habitats of many 2．__________(endanger)animals have been effectively protected and their numbers 3．_______________(multiply)．The government has increased legal publicity, reduced the phenomenon of hunting animals with poisons or 4．_____(trap), and banned the trade of wild animals，5．_____ has decreased the spread of infectious viruses．All
dramatically
endangered
have multiplied
traps
which
in all, owing to the government's 6．____________(intervene), many rare animals are prospering and biological diversity is being maintained．The situation of 7．___________(harmony) coexistence between mankind and animals is emerging constantly．Due 8．__ the vast area of China and the continuous development of Chinese cities, people's invasion to animal habitats will continue 9．________ (occur), and the conservation of wildlife still has 10．_ long way to go．
intervention
harmonious
to
to occur
a
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你叫李华，你校将举办主题为“How to Protect Wild Animals”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英文写一篇演讲稿参赛。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Good morning，dear schoolmates!
Today I'm pleased to stand here to say something about how to protect wild animals．
There is no doubt that many endangered wild animals are facing the danger of dying out thanks to human activities．As is known to us，to look after animals is to look after ourselves, so measures of the following should be taken．
Firstly, pollution criteria should be made to decrease poisons in the air and killing off certain rare species is prohibited．Secondly, in order to be in harmony with nature, national parks should be regarded as wild animals' reserves．
As a student, whenever we see someone hurt an animal，we shouldn't allow them to do so．Only by making contributions towards protecting wild animals can we coexist with nature．
Thank you!
动作描写之“跑、走、冲”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累
常诵 ①approach 接近，靠近 ②steal/slide into 溜进 ③dash/rush for...向……冲去 ④burst into...冲进…… ⑤head for/towards 走向
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用与“跑、走、冲”相关的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①他不再犹豫，下了卡车，飞快地朝大楼跑去。
No longer hesitating, _________________________________________________________．
②他从后门悄悄溜进大楼，这使得人们不可能注意到他。
He stole/slid into the building from the back door，___________________________________________．(分词作状语＋it作形式宾语)
he got off the truck and ran quickly towards
the building
making it impossible
for anyone to spot him
③一个保安走过来，礼貌地问他和谁有约。
___________________________ and asked politely whom he had made an appointment with．(简单句)
④男人向出口冲去，惊恐地逃走了。
___________________ for the exit，and ____________________．(简单句)
A security guard approached
The man dashed/rushed
escaped with great panic
⑤他飞奔回家，冲进卧室。
___________，he burst into the bedroom．(分词作状语)
⑥他开始皱着眉头在房间里走来走去。
_______________________________________ with a frown on his face．
Racing home
He started walking up and down the room续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·唐山市模拟)Wide awake, I sat up in bed before dawn． 2．(心理描写)(2022·福州市模拟)I made efforts to remove the scar from my heart． 3．(人物描写)(2022·温州市模拟)She was pretty with smooth hair, always wearing a bright smile． (2022·盐城市学情检测)The first day he walked into Mr Rowe's classroom, he ignored the other students, looking angry and annoyed, and slid into his chair, knocking a couple of textbooks onto the floor．
核心单词检测 1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions(session)． 2．World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation(conserve)． 3．(2022·浙江1月卷)A total of 40 women met the criteria(criterion) for a high fitness level, with a capacity of 120 watts or higher... 4．Mary will take care of the baby — she owes(owe) me a favor． 5．The rescue team tried their best to rescue those miners trapped(trap) under the mine．
派生单词检测 1．He used to drive fast．So I often told him driving fast was dangerous and would endanger people's lives．(danger) 2．He is a biologist, and he has been interested in biology since he was a child．He is involved in biological topics now．(biology) 3．Compared with him, you are more easy-going．By comparison, I think more people will be willing to make friends with you．(compare) 4．A person is called conservationist who takes an active part in conservation．(conserve) 5．A mysterious young woman is living next door，who is silent，smiling mysteriously．(mystery)
高频短语检测 in harmony with，develop an appetite for，turn out，a substantial number of，once and for all，on behalf of，coexist with
1．We must ensure that industry develops in harmony with the environment． 2．On behalf of all the villagers, I'd like to express our heartfelt thanks to you all for your support． 3．With the help of the professor, the local villagers solved their problems once and for all． 4．It turned out that the stranger with whom we had our supper that night was the manager of the hotel． 5．In the long run, technology can help make economic development coexist with conservation of the environment．
重点句式检测 1．我永远不会知道他当时在想什么，其他人也不会知道。(倒装句) I will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor/neither will anyone else． 2．由于这次洪灾我们很可能无法按时完成任务。(表语从句) The chances are that we cannot finish the task on time because of the flood． 3．对他来说，独自一个人做这么困难的工作是一个很大的挑战。(不定式短语作真正主语) It is a big challenge for him to do such difficult work all by himself．
1 decrease [课本义]v．(使)变小，(使)减少 [增补义]n．减少；减少量；降低
①The population of this town has decreased(decrease)by 0.3% in the last three years．
②This species of bird is decreasing in number every year．
③With the traffic improving，the number of accidents is on the decrease．
④There has been a decrease of nearly 6% in the number of visitors(参观者人数减少了将近6%) to the museum．
?decrease in...在……方面减少
?decrease by...减少了……
?decrease (from ...) to ...(从……)减少到……
?on the decrease 在减少
?a decrease in ...在……方面减少
?decrease water and soil loss 减少水土流失
?a decrease in imports 进口量减少
2 trap [课本义]n．夹子，陷阱 [增补义]n．圈套；诡计v．收集；使困住；使陷入圈套；使陷入困境
①A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped(trap) in the mountains for two days．
②Whatever you do, don't fall into the trap of thinking that you're always right．
③The shopkeeper trapped me into buying(buy) their poor quality milk．
因为被困在了电梯里，他上学迟到了。
④Because he was trapped in the lift, he was late for school．(状语从句)
⑤Trapped in the lift, he was late for school．(分词短语作状语)
?fall into/be caught in a trap 掉进陷阱；落入圈套
?set/lay a trap for...为……设圈套
?be/get trapped in...被困在……
?trap sb．into (doing)sth．诱骗某人(做)某事
?fall into the trap laid for him 掉进为他设的陷阱
?be trapped in the burning house 被困在着火的房子里
?be trapped into accepting the terms of the contract 被诱骗接受这份合同的条款
3 owe [课本义]v．应该做；对……负有……的义务 [增补义]v．欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；起源于
①When asked of his success, he said he owed much of his success to his family．
②I owe it to you that I finished my work ahead of time．
③Owing(owe) to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours．
④My English has improved a lot because of your help．
→I owe it to you that my English has improved a lot．
?owe sb．sth．＝ owe sth．to sb．欠某人某物
?owe sth．to...把……归功于；为……而感谢
?owe it to sb．that...多亏了某人……
?owing to因为，由于
?owe you an apology 应向你道歉
?owe his success to his teacher's encouragement 把他的成功归功于老师的鼓励
4 comparison n．比较
①(2021·全国乙卷)However, that was small fry compared(compare) with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250，000 people．
②When comparing(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities．
③A teacher is often compared to a candle．That's because their devotion to work is beyond/without compare．
如果你把这项任务与前一项相比，你会发现这似乎是一个小挑战。
④Compared with/to the previous task, you will find it seems a small challenge．(分词短语作状语)
⑤In comparison with the previous task, you will find it seems a small challenge．(介词短语作状语)
?in comparison with...与……相比
?by comparison 相比较而言
?compare v．&n．比较；比喻；对照
?compare...with/to...把……和……相比较
?compare...to...把……比作……
?compared to/with...与……相比
?beyond/without compare 无与伦比，举世无双
?compare notes with your classmates frequently 经常与你的同学们交换笔记
?compare the world to a stage 把世界比作一个舞台
?promise you a wedding beyond/without compare 答应给你一场无与伦比的婚礼
?Don't compare your strength with others' weakness．不拿你的强项和别人的弱项相比。
5 on behalf of 代表
①On behalf of the staff，I wish to extend our warmest welcome to you．
②Many Chinese people believe that red stands for good luck．
③We're very glad to greet you in the name of the Chinese people．
④It's my great honor to stand here on behalf of all the students(代表所有的学生), and I'd like to offer you my warmest welcome．
?on sb．'s behalf代表某人
?represent sb．代表某人
?stand for 代表；象征
?in the name of...代表……；以……的名义
?speak on behalf of my class 代表全班发言
?accept the prize on his behalf 代他领奖
[名师点津] 当表示“代表某人或团体”时，不能用stand for。
6 [教材原句]Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years． 他们也不难想象出，数千年来，包括帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹在内的当地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共存的。
① If Joe's wife doesn't go to the party, nor will he．
②Rarely(rare) did he visit his parents, which surprised me very much．
③Not until we went through real hardship did we realize the love we have for our families is important．
④Never have I come across(我从未遇到过) such a difficult problem．
⑤Little did he care about his own safety(他很少考虑自己的安危), though he was in great danger．
具有否定意义的副词(短语)never, not, nor, hardly, little, seldom, rarely, neither, scarcely, not until, at no time, by no means, in no way等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装，即将情态动词、系动词 be 或助动词提到主语之前。
Worse still, we had little time to collaborate with our parents and friends, nor did we have time to do physical exercise．
更糟的是，我们几乎没有时间与父母和朋友合作，也没有时间进行体育锻炼。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared(compare) with 16% in 1991．
2．They are making every effort to decrease(decrease) the production cost．
3．It is because of the greenhouse effect that the Earth is warmed up by gases trapped(trap) in the atmosphere．
4．First and foremost, owing(owe) to the long summer vacation, I can enjoy myself completely．
5．By comparison(compare), I think the products in your company are much better．
6．Scarcely(scarce) had the game started when it began to rain．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．I'm privileged to have the chance to speak here on behalf of my class．
2．Jane won't join us for dinner tonight，nor will Tom．
3．I owed it to the doctors that I survived such a severe accident．
4．Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals is on the decrease in this area．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)I felt so helpless and insecure(secure) because the quality of my life was affected．
2．(2021·浙江1月卷)The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5，000 incidents(incident) of these meaningful exchanges．
3．Most airlines require you to arrive at the airport 2 hours before departure(depart) time．
4．He just kept silent at the meeting．Apparently(apparent) he was a man of few words．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．It turned out that what he told me yesterday was not true at all．
2．Only in this way can we solve the problems we are facing once and for all．
3．How I hope all the countries in the world can coexist with each other peacefully!
4．I do believe it is possible for different ethnic groups to live in harmony with each other．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs．B
A．突然增加 B．爆炸
C．迸发
2．(2021·全国乙卷)One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed she collapsed from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack．B
A．倒坍，塌下 B．倒下，晕倒
C．崩溃
3．(2020·浙江卷)The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants' overall health status．B
A．地位；身份 B．状况 C．重视(或崇尚)程度
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come．
本句是复合句，不定式短语to purchase ...the National Wildlife Refuge System作目的状语，破折号后面的内容起解释说明作用，其中that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come是定语从句，修饰先行词a fact。
[尝试解答]售卖鸭票的每一美元中，约有98美分将直接进入候鸟保护基金，用于购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，以便纳入国家野生动物保护系统——这确保了这片土地将受到保护，并为子孙后代所使用。
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy．
本句是并列复合句，but连接两个并列分句，but后的分句中包含when引导的时间状语从句。
[尝试解答]海狸鼠皮贸易数十年来让海狸鼠的数量得以控制，但是当20世纪80年代后期海狸鼠的市场瘫痪的时候，这种和猫一样大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
In recent years, people's awareness of environmental protection has improved 1．dramatically(dramatical)．The natural habitats of many 2．endangered(endanger)animals have been effectively protected and their numbers 3．have multiplied(multiply)．The government has increased legal publicity, reduced the phenomenon of hunting animals with poisons or 4．traps(trap), and banned the trade of wild animals，5．which has decreased the spread of infectious viruses．All in all, owing to the government's 6．intervention(intervene), many rare animals are prospering and biological diversity is being maintained．The situation of 7．harmonious (harmony) coexistence between mankind and animals is emerging constantly．Due 8．to the vast area of China and the continuous development of Chinese cities, people's invasion to animal habitats will continue 9．to occur (occur), and the conservation of wildlife still has 10．a long way to go．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你叫李华，你校将举办主题为“How to Protect Wild Animals”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英文写一篇演讲稿参赛。
注意：词数80左右。
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【参考范文】
Good morning，dear schoolmates!
Today I'm pleased to stand here to say something about how to protect wild animals．
There is no doubt that many endangered wild animals are facing the danger of dying out thanks to human activities．As is known to us，to look after animals is to look after ourselves, so measures of the following should be taken．
Firstly, pollution criteria should be made to decrease poisons in the air and killing off certain rare species is prohibited．Secondly, in order to be in harmony with nature, national parks should be regarded as wild animals' reserves．
As a student, whenever we see someone hurt an animal，we shouldn't allow them to do so．Only by making contributions towards protecting wild animals can we coexist with nature．
Thank you!
动作描写之“跑、走、冲”
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累 常诵 ①approach 接近，靠近 ②steal/slide into 溜进 ③dash/rush for...向……冲去 ④burst into...冲进…… ⑤head for/towards 走向
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用与“跑、走、冲”相关的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①他不再犹豫，下了卡车，飞快地朝大楼跑去。
No longer hesitating, he got off the truck and ran quickly towards the building．
②他从后门悄悄溜进大楼，这使得人们不可能注意到他。
He stole/slid into the building from the back door，making it impossible for anyone to spot him．(分词作状语＋it作形式宾语)
③一个保安走过来，礼貌地问他和谁有约。
A security guard approached and asked politely whom he had made an appointment with．(简单句)
④男人向出口冲去，惊恐地逃走了。
The man dashed/rushed for the exit，and escaped with great panic．(简单句)
⑤他飞奔回家，冲进卧室。
Racing home，he burst into the bedroom．(分词作状语)
⑥他开始皱着眉头在房间里走来走去。
He started walking up and down the room with a frown on his face．
课时分层作业(二十九)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇（限时6分钟）
(2022·郑州市高中毕业班第二次质量预测)
I grew up in Michigan and have loved boats since I was young．I'd go out on my dad's fishing boat，and every birthday I'd get a tiny boat with a viewing window．In Michigan，we're surrounded by lakes and I soon discovered that I loved diving and even skipped school days for the coast．
Three years ago，I successfully put forward an idea of running glass-bottom boat tours to my husband．We headed out on the Cheboygan River and Lake Huron，running five trips every day over summer．We sailed past lots of places of significance，with a historian on board explaining the history．We often scanned the river to see what we could find．
One weekend while diving，I managed to find a giant shell．Then I saw a green bottle on top of a fishbed and I picked it up．I swam to my boat，took a photo and then opened the bottle．It had paper inside．I unfolded the paper and saw the date－November 1926．The note read，“Return this paper to George Morrow．” It gave me a big surprise to have found it．
We made sure to keep the paper safe．I kept the bottle．Before leaving the shore，I posted a picture on my social media page and didn't expect what followed．
The next morning，my phone blew up with messages．While I was driving home，I got a phone call from Michele Primeau．She told me she was George Morrow's daughter．I didn't believe her at first．She said her dad would float notes in bottles when he went on vacation or hide them in walls when redecorating．She worked out he had posted this one on his 18th birthday．
In autumn，Michele came to visit．She brought some of his writings and the handwriting matched．She insisted I keep the message and the bottle．It now sits in a glass case in my shop．That post now has 87，000 likes．
In a hard year，the discovery has brought me pure joy．For a diver，this feels like a lifetime achievement．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在潜水的时候发现了一个漂流瓶，瓶子里有一张便条，作者把它发到了网上，瓶子主人的女儿找到了作者。但她坚持让作者留下瓶子和便条。
1．What can be known about the author from the first paragraph
A．She would receive many gifts on her birthday．
B．She hated going to school when she was young．
C．She was very enthusiastic about boats and diving．
D．She would go boating with her father over summer．
C [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“have loved boats since I was young”和“I loved diving and even skipped school days for the coast”可知，作者喜欢船和潜水，故C项正确。]
2．How did the author feel when she read the note
A．Curious． B．Amazed．
C．Doubtful． D．Excited．
B [推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“It gave me a big surprise to have found it．”可以看出，作者看到便条的时候很惊讶，故B项正确。]
3．What happened to the bottle in the end
A．It was hidden in the wall again．
B．It was thrown back into the river．
C．It was brought back home by Michele．
D．It was kept by the author as a souvenir．
D [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It now sits in a glass case in my shop．”可以推知，作者现在把漂流瓶放在自己店里的玻璃橱里作纪念，故D项正确。]
篇
(2022·豫北名校联考)
By now it's almost common knowledge that spending time in nature is good for you．Areas with more trees tend to be less polluted，so spending time there allows you to breathe easily．Spending time outdoors has been linked with reducing blood pressure and stress and seems to motivate people to exercise more．
“So it'll come as no surprise that there's research showing that spending time in nature is good．There are dozens of papers showing that，”The University of Exeter Medical School researcher Mathew P．White said．“We get this idea—patients are coming up to us and they are asking，‘Doctor，how long should I spend？’And the doctor is saying，‘I don't really know’．”
So White and his team decided to find out by using data collected from nearly 20，000 people in England through the Monitor of Engagement with the Natural Environment Survey．And their answer is two hours a week．People who spent at least that much time in nature either all at once or totaled over several shorter visits were more likely to report good health and psychological well-being than those with no nature exposure．
Remarkably the two-hour standard applied to men and women，to older and younger folks，to people from different ethnic backgrounds，occupational groups，socioeconomic levels，and so on．Even people with long-term illnesses or disabilities benefited from time spent in nature—as long as it was at least 120 minutes per week．
While the findings are based on a vast number of people，White cautions that it's really just a correlation．Nobody knows why or how nature has this benefit，or whether the findings will stand up to a more strict investigation．
“I want to be really clear about this．This is in very early stages．We're not saying everybody has to spend 120 minutes．This is really to start the conversation，saying，what would a threshold look like What research do we need to take this to the next step before doctors can have the true confidence to work with their patients？But it's certainly a starting point．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究表明每周接触大自然两小时有益于身心健康。
4．What does White want to figure out in the survey
A．The benefits of being outside．
B．How long we should stay in nature．
C．The significance of outdoor activities．
D．Whether the British spend enough time in nature．
B [细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段第一句“So White and his team...with the Natural Environment Survey．”可知，White想在研究中弄明白的问题是我们应在大自然中待多久。故选B项。]
5．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．The two-hour standard applies to everyone．
B．The reason why nature is beneficial is clear．
C．Further study is needed to confirm White's result．
D．The findings of White's survey have been widely used．
C [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，White认为这一研究虽然涉及很多人，但其结果只表明了相关性，是否能够经得起验证还没人知道。结合最后一段中的“I want to...very early stages．”可知，White的研究结论需要进一步证实。故选C项。]
6．What does the underlined word “threshold” in the last paragraph mean
A．A strict investigation．
B．A following step．
C．A healthy lifestyle．
D．A starting point．
D [词义猜测题。根据画线部分前文可知，研究还处于早期阶段。根据后文中的“the next step”和“it's certainly a starting point”可知，画线部分意思为“起步阶段”。选项D符合题意。]
7．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Nature and Health
B．Two-hour Staying in Nature
C．Tips to Improve Health
D．The Starting Point
B [标题归纳题。根据全文内容尤其是第三段中的“And their answer is two hours a week．People who...with no nature exposure．”可知，文章主要讲述了一项研究表明每周接触大自然两小时有益于身心健康，本文的最佳标题为“在大自然中待两个小时”。故选B项。]
篇
(2022·郑州市质量检测)
Starch (淀粉) is the main component of flour，rice and corn among others，while carbon dioxide makes up the vast majority of greenhouse gases．One day，humans may be able to “eat” carbon dioxide，and global warming could be “eaten away” by carbon lovers．Although it sounds wild，the day is coming．
Chinese scientists have created starch using carbon dioxide，hydrogen and electricity，according to a study published in Science in September，2021．
“Plants create starch through photosynthesis (光合作用)，which is a complex and inefficient (效率低的) process，” Ma Yanhe，director of the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology，Chinese Academy of Sciences，told China Daily．He added that it would take a plant about 60 steps to turn carbon dioxide，water and sunlight into starch．
“Our breakthrough shows that making starch is achievable in a lab．This method makes it possible to produce food in factories and there are many industries that can benefit from this technology，” Ma told China Daily．
The team has been working on the process for 6 years．“The first step of the method is to convert carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methanol (甲醇)，which is a molecule (分子) that contains a single carbon atom，”Cai Tao，one of the first authors of the study，told China Daily．
Scientists then piece these single-carbon molecules into bigger and more complex molecules．With the help of supercomputing，Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch-making process from about 60 steps to 11．
“The new process has made it possible to turn starch production from traditional agricultural production to industrial production．And it may be possible to satisfy our needs without farming in the future．This will not only help save water，fertilizer and land but also help recycle carbon dioxide to deal with climate change，” a research fellow of the Chinese Academy of Sciences told the Global Times．
The study can also benefit space exploration in the future．The starch may provide a secure food source for astronauts as they travel long distances in space by simply turning the carbon dioxide they breathe out into food．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。中国科学家用二氧化碳、氢气和电制造出了淀粉，这使得淀粉生产更加环保、更加智能。
8．What does Ma Yanhe think of the new method of creating starch
A．It's extremely complex and inefficient．
B．It's achievable through photosynthesis．
C．It's a way of dealing with global warming．
D．It's more efficient than the natural method．
D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Plants create starch ...and inefficient process”和第四段中的“Our breakthrough ...from this technology”可以推断，马延和认为新的淀粉合成方法比自然方法更高效，故D项正确。]
9．The underlined word “convert” in paragraph 5 probably means“ ”．
A．push B．change
C．divide D．mix
B [词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“carbon dioxide and ...a single carbon atom”和化学常识可知，科学家将二氧化碳和氢气转化成了甲醇，一个甲醇分子只有一个碳原子，故B项与画线词意义最为接近。]
10．What can be learned about the breakthrough
A．It can help improve people's health．
B．It can change the way of starch production．
C．It can provide astronauts with nutritious food．
D．It can save farmers from traditional agriculture．
B [细节理解题。根据第七段中的“The new process ...to industrial production．”可知，合成淀粉取得的突破可以改变淀粉的生产方式，故B项正确。]
11．What can be the best title for this passage
A．Smart with Starch
B．Hungry for Starch
C．Secure about Food Supply
D．Beneficial to Food Diversity
A [标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“Chinese scientists have ...hydrogen and electricity”并结合文章大意可知，本文主要报道了中国科学家在人工合成淀粉领域取得的巨大突破，这使得淀粉生产变得更环保、更智能，故A项适合作本文的标题。]
Ⅱ．完形填空
(2022·莆田二模)
When I was a kid，I would ask my mom why she and my father had to work．She would always tell me that they had to，so we could 1 to buy food，to pay for the bills，or to pay for our schooling．Although they were 2 at the office 5 days a week，they still 3 time to look after us and teach us our lessons in the evening．They didn't 4 us to seek after honors，but we were motivated enough to study hard．It was our 5 of repaying our parents who never complained about working．
My parents taught me that one has to work in order to live a good life．They 6 ，however，that this should not be taken as having to 7 just to work! They said that work should not 8 one's whole existence．And this was their life 9 ．At the end of the work day，they would leave all their problems 10 to work in the office so that at home they could be devoted to us 100%，no 11 ．I must say that I agree with them．
There's nothing wrong with 12 at work．Keep in mind that your 13 is your loved ones，not your work．Everybody 14 to be happy and I hope that everyone grows old without any 15 in life．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过描述作者父母看待工作的人生哲学，告诉我们为了过上好的生活一个人必须工作，但是不应该为了工作而生活。生活中最重要的是我们所爱的人，而不是工作。
1．A．desire B．offer
C．promise D．afford
D [根据“to pay for the bills，or to pay for our schooling”可知，此处和“pay for”对应，意为“付得起”。故选D。]
2．A．cautious B．busy
C．tense D．comfortable
B [根据“at the office 5 days a week”可知，每周有五天的工作很繁忙。故选B。]
3．A．changed B．spared
C．killed D．increased
B [根据“to look after us and teach us our lessons in the evening”可知，此处表示会抽出时间(spare)照顾“我们”，在晚上教“我们”功课，故选B。]
4．A．permit B．remind
C．warn D．pressure
D [根据“but we were motivated enough to study hard”可知，上文提到他们没有强迫“我们”去追求荣誉，但“我们”有足够的动力去努力学习。故选D。]
5．A．cause B．trick
C．way D．habit
C [根据“but we were motivated enough to study hard”可知，“有足够的动力去努力学习”是报答父母的方式。故选C。]
6．A．understood B．ignored
C．stressed D．recalled
C [由上文的“My parents taught me”可知，作者父母强调，这不应该被认为是为了工作而生活。故选C。]
7．A．dream B．tolerate
C．play D．live
D [上文提到父母教育“我”为了过上好生活应努力工作，由此可知父母同样强调生活中不应该只有工作。故选D。]
8．A．occupy B．threaten
C．confirm D．prove
A [根据下文“Keep in mind that your is your loved ones，not your work．”可知，工作不应该占据一个人的全部生活。故选A。]
9．A．quality B．philosophy
C．ability D．psychology
B [上文提到的“工作不应该占据一个人的全部生活”，这是作者的父母的人生哲学(philosophy)。故选B。]
10．A．related B．introduced
C．compared D．applied
A [根据“so that at home they could be devoted to us 100%”可知，他们会把所有与工作相关的问题留在办公室，这样在家里他们就能百分之百地关心“我们”。故选A。]
11．A．heavier B．higher
C．sadder D．less
D [根据“they could be devoted to us 100%”可知，此处表示一点也不会少的，百分之百地关心“我们”。故选D。]
12．A．joking B．wandering
C．struggling D．arguing
C [努力工作并没有错。故选C。]
13．A．loss B．strength
C．priority D．wisdom
C [记住，你优先考虑的是你所爱的人，而不是你的工作。priority“优先事项”。故选C。]
14．A．deserves B．seems
C．fails D．pretends
A [每个人都应该快乐，作者希望每个人都能无怨无悔地老去。故选A。]
15．A．doubt B．regret
C．mistake D．hesitation
B [根据上文“Keep in mind that your is your loved ones，not your work．”可知，作者希望每个人在年轻的时候都能优先关注自己最爱的人，都能无怨无悔地老去。故选B。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作
(2022·潍坊市上学期考试)
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Lucy被曼彻斯特大学(the University of Manchester)录取，请你给她写封邮件，内容包括：
1．表示祝贺；
2．提出自己选择大学专业的困惑；
3．请对方给出建议。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Lucy，
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
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Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Lucy，
Hearing that you have been admitted to the University of Manchester，I cannot wait to convey my sincere congratulations to you．Yes，I know you are the best．
Now I am faced with a difficulty．I will take part in the College Entrance Examination next year．At present，I am confused about how to choose my university major．My parents have kept telling me to study medicine in college．However，I am enthusiastic about literature．I do want to be a writer in the future．Would you like to give me some advice
Looking forward to your early reply．
Yours，
Li Hua
