(共67张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修三册
Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2022·武汉市调研考试)My little brother Toby immediately sped up and rushed to where Rubby was．
2．(心理描写)(2022·启东市联考)My heart was pounding but I tried to put on a brave face．
3．(景物描写)(2022·南京市调研)Last Sunday, there was no dirt in the air, only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·广州市三校联考)Walking across campus with every pair of eyes on you can be embarrassing, especially when you're 13 years old．I looked around me in desperate search of a friendly face, a smile, anything．I was quite disappointed, to say the least．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2020·天津5月卷)What's fantastic about history is the way it broadens our ________(horizon)．
2．Many organizations sent money to help the _______(victim) of the flooded area in the south of China．
3．It would be a matter of _________(assess) whether she was well enough to travel．
horizons
victims
assessing
核
心
单
词
检
测 4．The saying “Nothing is impossible to a willing heart．” is often _____(cite) in our writing．
5．Nowadays，with intelligent computers _________(analyse) large amounts of data，humans can work more efficiently．
cited
analysing
派生单词检测 1．Last week he did a _________ job which ________ attention and concentration．(demand)
2．The factory is now fully _________ and __________ means the loss of many factory jobs．(automate)
3．He was ___________ ill．In ___________，he called me and asked for my help．(desperate)
demanding
demanded
automated
automation
desperately
desperation
派生单词检测 4．The conductor said，“The plane is taking off．Please _______ your seat belt _______．” (tight)
5．The woman spoke _________ English and asked for a refund because the goods were ______．(fault)
tighten
tightly
faultless
faulty
高频短语检测 so far，hang out，lie in，bank on，on the horizon，go through，as though
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)“I was simply _____________ a terrible experience，” Ms．Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto．
2．(2022·浙江1月卷)He looked at me _________ I weren't there．
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The beauty of rereading _______ the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register．
going through
as though
lies in
高频短语检测 4．(2020·北京卷)But ______ that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed．
5．Haven't you got anything better to do than ________ at the shopping centre？
so far
hang out
重点句式检测 1．我就是走也要到那里去。(让步状语从句)
I'll get there _____________________________．
2．他虽然还是个孩子，但已经熟练掌握大量汉字和成语。(倒装句)
___________________，he has a good command of a great number of Chinese characters and set phrases．
even if/though I have to walk
Child though he was
重点句式检测 3．我大部分的钱都是通过写书来赚的，但有时我确实也为杂志投稿。(强调句)
I make most of my money by writing books but I ____________________________________．
do contribute to
magazines sometimes
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 capacity [课本义]n．能力，才能 [增补义]n．容量
练中回想——语法填空
①I firmly believe you have the capacity _________(create) your own happiness．
②There is only one who is capable ___setting limits to your growth and that is yourself．
to create
of
完美写作——一句多译
我没有能力处理那件事，所以不得不向老师求助。
③I had ________________________________________________________________________，so I had to turn to the teacher for help．
④I was __________________________________________，so I had to turn to the teacher for help．
no capacity to deal/for dealing with/no capability to deal/of
dealing with the matter
not capable/incapable of dealing with the matter
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?a capacity to do sth．/for (doing) sth．做某事的能力
?capable adj．有能力的；能干的
?be capable of doing sth．有能力做某事
?incapable adj．无能力的
?capability n．能力；才能
语料输入——必备素材
?breathing capacity 肺活量
?competitive capacity 竞争能力
?a theatre with a capacity of 2，000 可容纳2 000名观众的剧院
2 bound [课本义]adj．可能的 [增补义]adj．受约束的；有义务的 v．跳跃着前进n．界限，范围
练中回想——语法填空
①The train bound ___ New York is piled with goods made in China．
②He's too bound __ in his work to have much time for his children．
③From that moment on，my life became bound up ____ his．
for
up
with
完美写作——应用文佳句
④So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up，_______________________________(我们一定会获得成功)．
we are bound to achieve success
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?be bound for 准备前往；开往
?be bound to do/be sth．一定会；有责任或义务(做某事)
?be bound up in sth．忙于某事；热衷于某事
?bound up with sth．和某事密切相关
语料输入——必备素材
?be bound to happen sooner or later 迟早会发生
?be bound to be sunny again tomorrow明天肯定又是阳光灿烂
3 demand [课本义]n．需要，需求 [增补义]v．强烈要求，需要
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time _______(demand) placed on the friend who has moved．
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Like running，race walking is physically _________(demand)...
demands
demanding
③My father came down and demanded _______(know) what was going on just now．
④The teacher demanded that homework should _________ (hand) in after class．
to know
be handed
完美写作——词汇升级
⑤His novels are needed greatly in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for literature．
→His novels ___________________ in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for literature．
are in great demand
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?in (great) demand 有(很大)需求；广受欢迎
?meet the demand for...满足对……的需求
?demand sth．of/from sb．要求某人某事
?demand to do sth．要求做某事
?demand that sb．(should) do sth．要求某人做某事
?demanding adj．苛求的；费力的
语料输入——必备素材
?a demand for higher wages 加薪的要求
?demand to know the truth 要求了解真相
?try our best to satisfy the customers' demands我们尽力满足顾客的需求
[名师点津] demand之后直接跟不定式，故不能说demand sb．to do sth．。类似用法的动词还有：hope，refuse，agree等。
4 desperate [课本义]adj．拼命的，绝望的 [增补义]adj．渴望的，极向往的
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·浙江卷)I ran ___________(desperate) but failed to catch up．It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared．
②The poor lady was desperate ____ her son's bad performance at school．
③He was so desperate _______(find) the solution that he looked through all the information about the question．
desperately
with
to find
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
④Faced with this serious problem，he took a deep breath，_______________________________(拼命保持冷静)．
desperately trying to keep calm
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?be desperate with因……而绝望
?be desperate for 渴望得到
?be desperate to do sth．渴望做某事
?desperately adv．极其；急切地
?desperation n．绝望；拼命
?in desperation 绝望中，拼命地
语料输入——必备素材
?take desperate measures 采取铤而走险的办法
?be desperate for knowledge 渴望得到知识
?be desperate to get the job 很想得到这个工作
5 hang out闲逛；逗留；(把洗好的东西)挂在外面晾干
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging ___ with other travelers during the summer．
②Hang on __ your present job until you can get a better one．
③Someone called me up just now，but he hung __ before I could answer the phone．
out
to
up
完美写作——应用文佳句
④It's very hard work，but __________________________________________________(如果你坚持，最后你一定会成功)．
if you hang on，you are sure to succeed in
the end
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?hang around闲荡，在某处附近等待、逗留
?hang on紧抓不放；坚持；别挂电话
?hang on to抓紧某物；保留
?hang up挂断电话；搁置，拖延
语料输入——必备素材
?hang out at the mall with my friends 和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲逛
?click hang up点击挂断
?hang on to the past 沉迷于过去
6 go through通过(考试、法案等)；经过(某场所)；经历；详细检查，查看；完成；用完，耗尽
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Machines have largely taken over planting，watering and harvesting crops such as corn and wheat，but the monitoring of cattle has gone through fewer changes． ____
②You must go through your papers before you hand them in． ________
经历
仔细检查
③He has gone through all his money before the month ends． ____
④As soon as the law goes through，more food in the supermarket will have to be marked with its origin． ____
⑤Do you think that housing price will keep going __ in the years to come
⑥I was reading magazines in the room when all of a sudden the light went ___．
用完
通过
up
out
完美写作——应用文佳句
⑦I would be very grateful ________________________________(如果你能仔细检查我的论文) and make necessary changes．
if you could go through my paper
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?go against 与……相背；违反
?go by 流逝；过去
?go on 继续；进行；发生
?go out 外出交际；(火或灯光)熄灭
?go over 复习；仔细检查(或审查、查阅)某事
?go up 上涨；上升；被兴建
?go after追求；谋求
语料输入——必备素材
go through a lot of hardship and become stronger 经历许多困难，变得更加坚强
[名师点津] 其他常见“动词＋through”词组：
get through 通过；完成；接通电话
look through 浏览；往……里面看
break through 冲破；突破
see through 看穿；识破
7 [教材原句]Jimmy，expert though he was，couldn't outrace Robutt，who didn't need a spacesuit，and had four legs and tendons of steel．
论速度，吉米虽然是个能手，但他比不过罗布特，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。
练中回想——语法填空
①Child _________ he was，he had the capability to tell what was the right thing to do．
②_______________ the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it．
③Hard _________ they tried，they couldn't make her change her mind．
though/as
Although/Though
though/as
完美写作——句式升级
④Though the activity was challenging，everyone enjoyed it and all the participants benefited a lot from it．
→___________________________________，everyone enjoyed it and all the participants benefited a lot from it．
Challenging though the activity was
练后归纳——句法分析
though引导倒装的让步状语从句时，其结构为：
?单数可数名词(无冠词)＋though＋主语＋be＋其他成分。
?形容词/副词＋though＋主语＋谓语动词＋其他成分。
?动词原形＋though＋主语＋助动词/情态动词＋其他成分。
?as也有此用法。
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey．
尽管夜晚的空气很炎热，但是我们睡得很沉，因为经过一天的长途旅行我们都非常疲惫。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2020·浙江卷)Those who had held mentally stimulating，_________(demand) jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests．
2．He is desperate _________(pursue) his vocation as an artist．
demanding
to pursue
3．Those who make full use of their time are bound _______(make) their dreams come true．
4．The teacher demanded ___________(give) my mother's telephone number．
5．I was ___________(desperate) in need of help but there was nobody I could turn to．
6．I'm quite pleased that we do have the capacity __________(produce) that much grain．
to make
to be given
desperately
to produce
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Waiters are still __ great demand in the hotel so I want to apply for the position．
2．Try _________ he might，he couldn't get the door open．
3．Many fashionable young people go to the shopping mall to shop or just hang ____at weekends．
4．Not until we went _______ real hardship did we realize the love we have for our families is important．
in
though/as
out
through
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Most of the flood _______(victim) had to leave all their things behind．
2．It is required in the __________(regulate) that you should not tell other people the password of your e mail account．
3．We really need to employ someone as an _________(assist) to help with all this paperwork．
4．It is _______(moral) of him to speak ill of others behind their backs．
victims
regulation
assistant
immoral
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2021·浙江卷)To us，the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies __ their living with humans...
2．In the distance，the dot of a boat appeared __ the horizon．
3．You can bank __ him to help you when in trouble．
4．The old man seemed to be around fifty，but __ it was，he was over sixty．
in
on
on
as
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·全国乙卷)These days，safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities slightly lower．_
A．能力，才能 B．容量 C．产量，工作量
B
2．(2020·天津卷)It encourages us to occupy our own little corner，to avoid foolish leaps into the dark，to be satisfied．_
A．剧变 B．跳跃
C．骤增，突飞猛进
B
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2021·天津卷)Meanwhile，another AI company，Soul Machines，is taking a more biological approach，with a“digital brain” that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions“felt” and “expressed” by its “digital people”．
化繁为简本句是一个复合句，that imitates aspects of the human brain ...by its “digital people”为________，修饰“digital brain”，其中 to adjust the emotions ...为不定式作________。
[尝试翻译]与此同时，另一家人工智能公司Soul Machines，正在采取一种更具生物性的方法，拥有一个“数字大脑”，它模仿人脑的各个方面来调节其“数字人”的“感受”和“表达”的情绪。
定语从句
目的状语
2．(2018·北京卷)But however long it takes，the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities，for better or for worse，depending on how the transformation is regulated．
化繁为简 本句是一个复合句，句中however引导________从句，主句中depending on how the transformation is regulated为v． ing形式短语作状语，其中how the transformation is regulated为________，作介词on的宾语。
[尝试翻译]但不管需要多长时间，这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通系统和城市，结果好坏取决于如何监管这种改变。
让步状语
宾语从句
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
With the development of science and technology，artificial intelligence has been 1．______(wide) used in various fields，and has become an excellent 2．_________ (assist) to human beings．Intelligent robots can 3．_______(see) everywhere in our life．People bank 4．__ artificial intelligence more and more，so some
widely
assistant
be seen
on
people reckon that the world of artificial intelligence is on 5．___ horizon．6．_______，artificial intelligence also has potential dangers and 7．______ (fault)．If it is not regulated，it is bound 8．_____(do) some illegal or immoral things，making human beings become victims．When people are desperate for the freedom，convenience and rapidity 9．_______ (bring) by artificial intelligence，they also demand to consider eliminating 10．___(it) negative effects．
the
However
faults
to do
brought
its
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
随着人工智能的发展，未来的家庭将高度智能化，据分析，未来的智能设备将占80%以上，请你写一篇短文，介绍人工智能及对未来的展望。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
As artificial intelligence develops, the future family life will be highly intelligent．
Now a smart cycle will go on sale, which abandons traditional mechanical device and has the function of uphill assistance and whose computer control system generally does not go wrong．On the whole, the market potential of such products is large．As we all know, the development level of artificial intelligence banks on the progress of science and technology．According to the analysis, smart devices in the future will account for more than 80% of family life．
Once artificial intelligence is popularized in a large area, our life will be bound to have earth shaking changes．
动作描写之各种哭泣(一)
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
形容词 misty 泪眼模糊的，watery 充满泪水的，tearful/teary 含泪的
动词 sob啜泣，weep哭泣，流泪，cry 哭泣
短语 ①break down痛哭 ②burst out crying 大哭 ③cry one's eyes/heart out 痛哭流涕 ④have a lump in one's throat 哽咽 ⑤cry oneself to sleep 哭到睡着 ⑥eyes be red from crying 眼睛哭红
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表示“哭”的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①看到爆米花，他开始落泪了。
At the sight of the popcorn，_______________________．(简单句)
②他的母亲站在门口，看到这一幕，高兴得流下了眼泪。
His mother，standing at the door，____________________________．
(简单句)
his eyes began to water
cried tears of joy to see the scene
③她紧紧地抱住孩子，眼里满是感激的泪水。
a．She hugged her child tightly and _____________________________________________．(简单句)
b．She hugged her child tightly _____________________________________________．(with 结构)
her eyes were flooded with tears
of gratitude
with her eyes flooded with tears of
gratitude
④看到爆米花都卖完了，他哽咽得说不出话来。
a．_______________________________，and he was too choked with emotion to speak．(简单句)
b．___________________ sold out，he was too choked with emotion to speak．(动词 ing形式短语作状语)
⑤因为他的劳动得到了回报，他热泪盈眶。
His eyes were filled with tears _________________________．(状语从句)
He saw all the popcorn sold out
Seeing all the popcorn
as his hard work paid off续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·武汉市调研考试)My little brother Toby immediately sped up and rushed to where Rubby was． 2．(心理描写)(2022·启东市联考)My heart was pounding but I tried to put on a brave face． 3．(景物描写)(2022·南京市调研)Last Sunday, there was no dirt in the air, only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky． (2022·广州市三校联考)Walking across campus with every pair of eyes on you can be embarrassing, especially when you're 13 years old．I looked around me in desperate search of a friendly face, a smile, anything．I was quite disappointed, to say the least．
核心单词检测 1．(2020·天津5月卷)What's fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons(horizon)． 2．Many organizations sent money to help the victims(victim) of the flooded area in the south of China． 3．It would be a matter of assessing(assess) whether she was well enough to travel． 4．The saying “Nothing is impossible to a willing heart．” is often cited(cite) in our writing． 5．Nowadays，with intelligent computers analysing(analyse) large amounts of data，humans can work more efficiently．
派生单词检测 1．Last week he did a demanding job which demanded attention and concentration．(demand) 2．The factory is now fully automated and automation means the loss of many factory jobs．(automate) 3．He was desperately ill．In desperation，he called me and asked for my help．(desperate) 4．The conductor said，“The plane is taking off．Please tighten your seat belt tightly．” (tight) 5．The woman spoke faultless English and asked for a refund because the goods were faulty．(fault)
高频短语检测 so far，hang out，lie in，bank on，on the horizon，go through，as though
1．(2022·浙江1月卷)“I was simply going_through a terrible experience，” Ms．Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto． 2．(2022·浙江1月卷)He looked at me as_though I weren't there． 3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The beauty of rereading lies_in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register． 4．(2020·北京卷)But so_far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed． 5．Haven't you got anything better to do than hang_out at the shopping centre？
重点句式检测 1．我就是走也要到那里去。(让步状语从句) I'll get there even_if/though_I_have_to_walk． 2．他虽然还是个孩子，但已经熟练掌握大量汉字和成语。(倒装句) Child_though_he_was，he has a good command of a great number of Chinese characters and set phrases． 3．我大部分的钱都是通过写书来赚的，但有时我确实也为杂志投稿。(强调句) I make most of my money by writing books but I do_contribute_to_magazines_sometimes．
1 capacity [课本义]n．能力，才能 [增补义]n．容量
①I firmly believe you have the capacity to_create(create) your own happiness．
②There is only one who is capable of_setting limits to your growth and that is yourself．
我没有能力处理那件事，所以不得不向老师求助。
③I had no_capacity_to_deal/for_dealing_with/no_capability_to_deal/of_dealing_with_the_matter，so I had to turn to the teacher for help．
④I was not_capable/incapable_of_dealing_with_the_matter，so I had to turn to the teacher for help．
?a capacity to do sth．/for (doing) sth．做某事的能力
?capable adj．有能力的；能干的
?be capable of doing sth．有能力做某事
?incapable adj．无能力的
?capability n．能力；才能
?breathing capacity 肺活量
?competitive capacity 竞争能力
?a theatre with a capacity of 2，000 可容纳2 000名观众的剧院
2 bound [课本义]adj．可能的 [增补义]adj．受约束的；有义务的 v．跳跃着前进n．界限，范围
①The train bound for New York is piled with goods made in China．
②He's too bound up in his work to have much time for his children．
③From that moment on，my life became bound up with his．
④So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up，we_are_bound_to_achieve_success(我们一定会获得成功)．
?be bound for 准备前往；开往
?be bound to do/be sth．一定会；有责任或义务(做某事)
?be bound up in sth．忙于某事；热衷于某事
?bound up with sth．和某事密切相关
?be bound to happen sooner or later 迟早会发生
?be bound to be sunny again tomorrow明天肯定又是阳光灿烂
3 demand [课本义]n．需要，需求 [增补义]v．强烈要求，需要
①(2022·全国乙卷)The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands(demand) placed on the friend who has moved．
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Like running，race walking is physically demanding(demand)...
③My father came down and demanded to_know(know) what was going on just now．
④The teacher demanded that homework should be_handed (hand) in after class．
⑤His novels are needed greatly in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for literature．
→His novels are_in_great_demand in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for literature．
?in (great) demand 有(很大)需求；广受欢迎
?meet the demand for...满足对……的需求
?demand sth．of/from sb．要求某人某事
?demand to do sth．要求做某事
?demand that sb．(should) do sth．要求某人做某事
?demanding adj．苛求的；费力的
?a demand for higher wages 加薪的要求
?demand to know the truth 要求了解真相
?try our best to satisfy the customers' demands我们尽力满足顾客的需求
[名师点津] demand之后直接跟不定式，故不能说demand sb．to do sth．。类似用法的动词还有：hope，refuse，agree等。
4 desperate [课本义]adj．拼命的，绝望的 [增补义]adj．渴望的，极向往的
①(2020·浙江卷)I ran desperately(desperate) but failed to catch up．It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared．
②The poor lady was desperate with her son's bad performance at school．
③He was so desperate to_find(find) the solution that he looked through all the information about the question．
④Faced with this serious problem，he took a deep breath，desperately_trying_to_keep_calm(拼命保持冷静)．
?be desperate with因……而绝望
?be desperate for 渴望得到
?be desperate to do sth．渴望做某事
?desperately adv．极其；急切地
?desperation n．绝望；拼命
?in desperation 绝望中，拼命地
?take desperate measures 采取铤而走险的办法
?be desperate for knowledge 渴望得到知识
?be desperate to get the job 很想得到这个工作
5 hang out闲逛；逗留；(把洗好的东西)挂在外面晾干
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer．
②Hang on to your present job until you can get a better one．
③Someone called me up just now，but he hung up before I could answer the phone．
④It's very hard work，but if_you_hang_on，you_are_sure_to_succeed_in_the_end(如果你坚持，最后你一定会成功)．
?hang around闲荡，在某处附近等待、逗留
?hang on紧抓不放；坚持；别挂电话
?hang on to抓紧某物；保留
?hang up挂断电话；搁置，拖延
?hang out at the mall with my friends 和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲逛
?click hang up点击挂断
?hang on to the past 沉迷于过去
6 go through通过(考试、法案等)；经过(某场所)；经历；详细检查，查看；完成；用完，耗尽
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Machines have largely taken over planting，watering and harvesting crops such as corn and wheat，but the monitoring of cattle has gone through fewer changes．经历
②You must go through your papers before you hand them in．· 仔细检查
③He has gone through all his money before the month ends． 用完
④As soon as the law goes through，more food in the supermarket will have to be marked with its origin．通过
⑤Do you think that housing price will keep going up in the years to come
⑥I was reading magazines in the room when all of a sudden the light went out．
⑦I would be very grateful if_you_could_go_through_my_paper(如果你能仔细检查我的论文) and make necessary changes．
?go against 与……相背；违反
?go by 流逝；过去
?go on 继续；进行；发生
?go out 外出交际；(火或灯光)熄灭
?go over 复习；仔细检查(或审查、查阅)某事
?go up 上涨；上升；被兴建
?go after追求；谋求
go through a lot of hardship and become stronger 经历许多困难，变得更加坚强
[名师点津] 其他常见“动词＋through”词组：
get through 通过；完成；接通电话
look through 浏览；往……里面看
break through 冲破；突破
see through 看穿；识破
7 [教材原句]Jimmy，expert though he was，couldn't outrace Robutt，who didn't need a spacesuit，and had four legs and tendons of steel． 论速度，吉米虽然是个能手，但他比不过罗布特，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。
①Child though/as he was，he had the capability to tell what was the right thing to do．
②Although/Though the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it．
③Hard though/as they tried，they couldn't make her change her mind．
④Though the activity was challenging，everyone enjoyed it and all the participants benefited a lot from it．
→Challenging_though_the_activity_was，everyone enjoyed it and all the participants benefited a lot from it．
though引导倒装的让步状语从句时，其结构为：
?单数可数名词(无冠词)＋though＋主语＋be＋其他成分。
?形容词/副词＋though＋主语＋谓语动词＋其他成分。
?动词原形＋though＋主语＋助动词/情态动词＋其他成分。
?as也有此用法。
Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey．
尽管夜晚的空气很炎热，但是我们睡得很沉，因为经过一天的长途旅行我们都非常疲惫。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2020·浙江卷)Those who had held mentally stimulating，demanding(demand) jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests．
2．He is desperate to_pursue(pursue) his vocation as an artist．
3．Those who make full use of their time are bound to_make(make) their dreams come true．
4．The teacher demanded to_be_given(give) my mother's telephone number．
5．I was desperately(desperate) in need of help but there was nobody I could turn to．
6．I'm quite pleased that we do have the capacity to_produce(produce) that much grain．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Waiters are still in great demand in the hotel so I want to apply for the position．
2．Try though/as he might，he couldn't get the door open．
3．Many fashionable young people go to the shopping mall to shop or just hang out_at weekends．
4．Not until we went through real hardship did we realize the love we have for our families is important．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Most of the flood victims(victim) had to leave all their things behind．
2．It is required in the regulation(regulate) that you should not tell other people the password of your e mail account．
3．We really need to employ someone as an assistant(assist) to help with all this paperwork．
4．It is immoral(moral) of him to speak ill of others behind their backs．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2021·浙江卷)To us，the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans...
2．In the distance，the dot of a boat appeared on the horizon．
3．You can bank on him to help you when in trouble．
4．The old man seemed to be around fifty，but as it was，he was over sixty．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·全国乙卷)These days，safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities slightly lower．B
A．能力，才能 B．容量 C．产量，工作量
2．(2020·天津卷)It encourages us to occupy our own little corner，to avoid foolish leaps into the dark，to be satisfied．B
A．剧变 B．跳跃
C．骤增，突飞猛进
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2021·天津卷)Meanwhile，another AI company，Soul Machines，is taking a more biological approach，with a“digital brain” that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions“felt” and “expressed” by its “digital people”．
本句是一个复合句，that imitates aspects of the human brain ...by its “digital people”为定语从句，修饰“digital brain”，其中 to adjust the emotions ...为不定式作目的状语。
[尝试翻译]与此同时，另一家人工智能公司Soul_Machines，正在采取一种更具生物性的方法，拥有一个“数字大脑”，它模仿人脑的各个方面来调节其“数字人”的“感受”和“表达”的情绪。
2．(2018·北京卷)But however long it takes，the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities，for better or for worse，depending on how the transformation is regulated．
本句是一个复合句，句中however引导让步状语从句，主句中depending on how the transformation is regulated为v． ing形式短语作状语，其中how the transformation is regulated为宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。
[尝试翻译]但不管需要多长时间，这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通系统和城市，结果好坏取决于如何监管这种改变。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
With the development of science and technology，artificial intelligence has been 1．widely(wide) used in various fields，and has become an excellent 2．assistant (assist) to human beings．Intelligent robots can 3．be_seen(see) everywhere in our life．People bank 4．on artificial intelligence more and more，so some people reckon that the world of artificial intelligence is on 5．the horizon．6．However，artificial intelligence also has potential dangers and 7．faults (fault)．If it is not regulated，it is bound 8．to_do(do) some illegal or immoral things，making human beings become victims．When people are desperate for the freedom，convenience and rapidity 9．brought (bring) by artificial intelligence，they also demand to consider eliminating 10．its(it) negative effects．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
随着人工智能的发展，未来的家庭将高度智能化，据分析，未来的智能设备将占80%以上，请你写一篇短文，介绍人工智能及对未来的展望。
注意：词数80左右。
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【参考范文】
As artificial intelligence develops, the future family life will be highly intelligent．
Now a smart cycle will go on sale, which abandons traditional mechanical device and has the function of uphill assistance and whose computer control system generally does not go wrong．On the whole, the market potential of such products is large．As we all know, the development level of artificial intelligence banks on the progress of science and technology．According to the analysis, smart devices in the future will account for more than 80% of family life．
Once artificial intelligence is popularized in a large area, our life will be bound to have earth shaking changes．
动作描写之各种哭泣(一)
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
形容词 misty 泪眼模糊的，watery 充满泪水的，tearful/teary 含泪的
动词 sob啜泣，weep哭泣，流泪，cry 哭泣
短语 ①break down痛哭 ②burst out crying 大哭 ③cry one's eyes/heart out 痛哭流涕 ④have a lump in one's throat 哽咽 ⑤cry oneself to sleep 哭到睡着 ⑥eyes be red from crying 眼睛哭红
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表示“哭”的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①看到爆米花，他开始落泪了。
At the sight of the popcorn，his_eyes_began_to_water．(简单句)
②他的母亲站在门口，看到这一幕，高兴得流下了眼泪。
His mother，standing at the door，cried_tears_of_joy_to_see_the_scene．(简单句)
③她紧紧地抱住孩子，眼里满是感激的泪水。
a．She hugged her child tightly and her_eyes_were_flooded_with_tears_of_gratitude．(简单句)
b．She hugged her child tightly with_her_eyes_flooded_with_tears_of_gratitude．(with 结构)
④看到爆米花都卖完了，他哽咽得说不出话来。
a．He_saw_all_the_popcorn_sold_out，and he was too choked with emotion to speak．(简单句)
b．Seeing_all_the_popcorn sold out，he was too choked with emotion to speak．(动词 ing形式短语作状语)
⑤因为他的劳动得到了回报，他热泪盈眶。
His eyes were filled with tears as_his_hard_work_paid_off．(状语从句)
课时分层作业(三十四)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2022·厦门市第二次质检)
I live in Xizhou in Yunnan Province，on the historic Tea Horse Road．I have to admit that when I first heard that Paul Salopek was going to walk the entire globe on his own two feet，I was blown away．I couldn't imagine that there could be such an unusual person in the world．
Last May，I met Paul．He told me that it was his first time in China．He talked to me with great excitement about the history，migrations，and discoveries in my region of China．He spoke of the ShuYandu Dao (the Sichuan to India trading route)，the Southern Silk Road，the travels of the 17th century Chinese explorer Xu Xiake，the Tea Horse Road and the early 20th century American botanist Joseph Rock．He also talked of Xuanzang．
I decided to accompany Paul on his walk toward Yunnan．On September 28，2021，we set out．Our days were simple: walk，eat，sleep，and repeat．We woke up at sunrise，set off in high spirits，and rested at sunset，dragging ourselves into a sound sleep．
We met many people on the road．Some were curious，surrounding us and watching us；some gave us directions; some invited us into their home to take a rest; some spoke of the charm of their hometown．We met many beautiful souls，simple souls and warm souls．We were walking with our minds．
Together，we were impressed by the biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains．As I walked on ancient paths through mountains，I seemed to hear the antique voices of past travelers urging me to be careful on the road．
Looking back on the more than 200 miles I walked with Paul，I came to a realization．Walking for its own sake，while healthy and admirable，is only a small part of the benefit of moving with our feet．A deeper reward is rediscovering the world around us，shortening the distance between each other，and sharing each other's cultures．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者住在历史悠久的茶马古道上，去年5月，他遇到了要用双脚环游世界的Paul Salopek，于是决定陪Paul游云南。文中描述了他们路上的见闻和作者的感悟。
1．How did the writer first respond to Paul's travel plan
A．Scared． B．Puzzled．
C．Disappointed． D．Surprised．
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I have to admit...in the world．”可知，作者不得不承认，当第一次听说Paul Salopek要用自己的双脚环游世界时，他被震撼了。他无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人。据此可知，作者最初对Paul的旅行计划感到吃惊。故选D。]
2．What can we learn about Paul Salopek from paragraph 2
A．He was a Western journalist．
B．He had a knowledge of China．
C．He came to China several times．
D．He was Joseph Rock's acquaintance．
B [推理判断题。根据第二段Paul Salopek的说话内容可知，Paul Salopek是第一次来中国。跟作者讲起作者所在的地区的历史、迁移和发现时，Paul很激动。他谈到了南方丝绸之路，17世纪中国探险家徐霞客的旅行、茶马古道，以及20世纪初的美国植物学家Joseph Rock。他还谈到了玄奘。据此可推知，Paul Salopek对中国有一定的了解。故选B。]
3．What does paragraph 4 tell us about the writer and Paul
A．They honored the ancestors．
B．They set off in high spirits．
C．They satisfied the locals' curiosity．
D．They built bonds with people．
D [推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，作者和Paul Salopek在路上遇到了许多人。有些人很好奇，围绕着他们，看着他们；有些人给他们指明方向；有些人邀请他们去家里休息；有些人谈到了他们家乡的魅力。他们遇见了许多美好的人，朴素的人和温暖的人。据此可推知，作者和Paul与人们建立了联系。故选D。]
4．What is the main purpose of the writer's writing the text
A．To share and reflect on a journey．
B．To suggest a new way of travel．
C．To advocate the protection of biodiversity．
D．To introduce and promote Chinese culture．
A [写作意图题。通读全文内容可知，作者住在历史悠久的茶马古道上，他遇到了要用双脚环游世界的Paul Salopek，于是决定陪Paul游云南。文章描述了他们路上的见闻和作者的感悟。由此推知，作者写作的目的是分享和回顾一段旅程。故选A。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2022·江苏泰州期末)
Your alarm goes off on the first day of January．You force yourself out of your bed and steadily walk toward the bathroom，where you catch sight of a pale faced，sleepy eyed “monster” in the mirror．__1__．However，after a moment，you think，“Wait，it's okay because today is New Year's Day， time to get back in shape！”
For many people，the start of a new year signals the end of a period of overindulgence (放纵)．During December，it is often justified by the planning of New Year's resolutions to turn oneself into a fit and healthy human being．However，the fact is that approximately 80% of New Year's resolutions are abandoned before February．__2__While we may have good intentions when making resolutions，we are not actually making ourselves any more disciplined．Change involves a degree of stress，and someone not mentally equipped to handle that stress will struggle to change．
__3__One idea is to think small rather than big．Many people's plans involve extreme measures，while in reality，change is likely easier in smaller steps，which allows for greater success．__4__30 minutes of TV time for two hours at the gym can be rewarding in motivating someone to work out every day．
Finally，set concrete goals．__5__For example，“I'm going to go running every day to train for a half marathon in April” would be far more powerful than “I'm going to get in better shape this year”．Most importantly，remember that New Year's resolutions should be for life．Change takes time and effort，but with suitable strategies，there is no reason why you cannot stick to your resolutions permanently—or at least until June．
A．You seem to be over the moon．
B．Almost instantly，you step back in horror．
C．So，how can you make yourself more disciplined
D．Instead of making a vague resolution，make a specific one．
E．Another helpful strategy is to design a personal reward system．
F．Given this situation，why should we still put ourselves under great stress
G．Regarding why this happens，the answer is likely related to self discipline．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了很多人都会在新年制定计划，但很难坚持到底，这是因为不够自律，文章介绍了让自己变得更加自律的几种方法。
1．B [上文说到1月第一天的闹钟响起，你强迫自己起床，稳步走向浴室，在镜中看到一个脸色苍白、睡眼惺忪的“怪物”，空处应该顺承上文介绍此时“你”的反应。B项“你几乎立刻惊恐地后退了一步”符合语境。]
2．G [上文提到，大约80%的新年计划在2月之前就被放弃了。G项“关于为什么会发生这种情况，答案可能与自律有关”承接上文，点明了出现这一现象的原因，G项中的“self discipline”与下文中的“more disciplined”呼应。]
3．C [结合上文和下文提到的方法可知，本段讲述的是怎样做到自律，C项“那么，怎样才能让你自己更自律呢？”点明了段落主旨。]
4．E [根据下文中的例子“在健身房锻炼两个小时可以看30分钟电视，在激励某人每天锻炼方面是有益的”可知，这里介绍的是让自己更自律的另一种方法——设置个人奖励体系。E项中的“design a personal reward system”照应下文。本题可以利用固定结构“one...another...”解题。“Another helpful strategy...”与前文“One idea...”呼应。]
5．D [空前的“set concrete goals”是段落主旨句，空后通过举例的方式进行了具体解释。D项“不要制定模糊的计划，要制定具体的计划”是对前一句的进一步解释说明，D项中的“specific one”与上文中的“concrete goals”照应。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2022·金丽衢十二校第一次联考)
Shen Kuo (沈括) was a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty．He was 1．________ all round scholar of astronomy，physics，chemistry，geology and medical science．2．________， Shen Kuo's reputation has been mostly in the field of scientific writing: He was the first 3．________(build) graphic maps．
Thanks 4．________his mother，Shen Kuo received a formal education in his childhood．He was diligent and he read so much that he suffered eye pain later in life．While in his 5．________(thirty)，Shen Kuo frequently dreamed of a place．In the dream，he climbed a hill，the top of 6．________was covered with brightly colored flowers and trees．Clear waters 7．________(flow) at the base of the hill，with trees on either side．Later on，when 8．________(travel) around，he was shocked to find a piece of land that was 9．________(exact) the one in his dream．There he settled and wrote of the discoveries he had made during his lifetime．
This extraordinary story is the origin of Shen's Dream Pool Essays (《梦溪笔谈》)．The Dream Pool Essays was a milestone in the history of Chinese science．So far，this amazing scientific work 10．________(put) into a number of different languages，including English，French，German and Japanese．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国北宋著名的科学家沈括及其创作的《梦溪笔谈》的故事。
1．an [考查冠词。scholar是可数名词单数，且在语境中第一次出现，表示泛指，故应用不定冠词修饰，又因all的发音以元音音素开头，所以空处填an。]
2．However [考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为副词，作状语，且空处前后为逻辑上的转折关系，所以空处填However。]
3．to build [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是was，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式。序数词后往往跟不定式作后置定语，所以空处填to build。]
4．to [考查介词。thanks to sb．为固定搭配，意为“幸亏，由于”，所以空处填to。]
5．thirties [考查名词单复数。in one's thirties，意为“在某人三十多岁时”，所以空处填thirties。]
6．which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a hill，所以空处填which。]
7．flowed [考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知，空处在本句中作谓语，与上句中的谓语climbed的时态应保持一致，故用一般过去时，所以空处填flowed。]
8．travel(l)ing [考查省略结构。本句是一个省略句，即当从句的主语和系动词与主句的主语和系动词一致时，从句主语和系动词一般可以省略，本句可还原为：when he was travel(l) ing，所以空处填travel(l)ing。]
9．exactly [考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为副词，作状语，修饰动词was，所以空处填exactly。]
10．has been put [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在本句中作谓语，由句中时间状语So far可知，应用现在完成时；put和句子主语this amazing scientific work之间为被动关系；且主语为第三人称单数。所以空处填has been put。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试)
When my little brother Tom was four，Mom said something like “I'd give anything to have a few more hours in the day”．And Tom said，“Why don't we buy a bigger clock？” If time worked that way，I could have used an extra big clock last week!
Our teacher had asked us to make an art project showing how plants eat．“I can't believe we only have two nights to finish it，” Noah said with a sigh．“I have no idea how I'll get mine done．”
I didn't say anything，not because I was nervous—I wasn't nervous at all．I love art projects! In fact，I was so relaxed that I didn't work on the project at all on Monday night．I planned to start the minute I got home from baseball practice on Tuesday．But there was just one thing．
I forgot baseball would run later than usual because it was the day of Baseball Buddies，which happens every month，and it's a chance for us older students to practice baseball with the adorable younger kids．The second I got home，I threw the entire craft box (工艺盒) onto the kitchen table，took out my “How Plants Eat” paper，and started to work．But just then，the telephone rang．
It was my friend Ollie，who said his grandmother Abuela had just made cookies and wanted to know if I'd come to help decorate them．I love decorating cookies，and I love，love，love Abuela's world famous holiday cookies!
I had no choice．I had to go．Ollie and I put all the star shaped cookies with red jam filling in one group，and all the snowflake shaped cookies with white cream cheese filling in another．It was 7 o'clock when I finally got home．I planned to work on my project right after we ate．But then another interruption hit me．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Just as I was about to start，Dad said，“Joanna，it's your turn to do the dishes．”______________________________________________________________________
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Looking at the big “F” on my paper，I started to reflect on what I had done these days．_________________________________________________________________________
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【写作思路】
文章大意：上周“我”因时间规划不当导致原本擅长的美术作业得了“F”，“我”对此作出反思。
谋篇布局：续写第一段：结合对上文的分析以及续写第二段所给提示可知，这段应描述“我”尽兴而归，晚饭过后却不得不先洗完碗后才能完成作业。由此可知，“我”的心情必然与参加棒球训练和包装曲奇时的心情有强烈反差。夜深了“我”可能疲惫交加，还可能会被催促上床睡觉。总之，应该是在慌乱中草草了事，着急、无奈、愧疚的情绪交织在一起。
续写第二段：根据上文内容以及续写第二段提示句可知，这段应围绕“我”反思的具体内容展开。重要情节可包括：“我”反思了什么？“我”感悟到了什么道理？“我”采取了什么方法改变自己？点题：凡事要做好规划并落实，重要的事情先做等等。
注意事项：原文采用第一人称和一般过去时，续写时应保持一致。根据故事情节发展，续写第一段可采用丰富多样的细节描写生动地再现“我”的表现，包括：时间的飞逝、行为上的慌乱以及情绪上的焦急、不安与懊悔等。续写第二段则可以适当使用虚拟语气体现反思过程中的深刻悔悟，续写时还可以充分利用前文中的关键线索来组织语言，这样能使文章内容更加意味深长。例如，可以根据第一段妈妈说的“I'd give anything to have a few more hours in the day”来表达对时间的理解，巧妙运用弟弟曲解妈妈话语时所说的“a bigger clock”来营造隐喻(make better use of time)。
【参考范文】
Just_as_I_was_about_to_start，Dad_said，“Joanna，it's_your_turn_to_do_the_dishes．” It was then that I remembered my duty．There was no excuse．I couldn't shirk(逃避) my duty，so I rushed to the kitchen with the piles of dirty plates and washed them as quickly as I could．When I was finally able to sit down at the kitchen table，it was already 8：30! At that moment，I wished，for a thousand times，that I had used an extra big clock for extra time! However，the truth was that no matter how hard I tried，I could not finish my whole project in such a short time．As a result，my art teacher failed me the next day．
Looking_at_the_big_“F”_on_my_paper，I_started_to_reflect_on_what_I_had_done_these_days．If I had done my art project on Monday night，I could still enjoy the baseball practice and the cookie decoration．Unpredictable things happen all the time，so the best solution is to plan ahead and take action as planned．We can't actually buy a bigger clock and have more time，but we can surely make better use of it．I failed the project，but I was lucky to have learned the lesson of “a bigger clock”．
