(共55张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修三册
Unit 6 Nature in words
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2022·烟台市模拟)Adam, an 18 year old college student, dragged himself home．
2．(心理描写)(2022·济宁市模拟)These wonderful tales colored my childhood．
3．(景物描写)(2022·湖北省联考)By the time she took a break at 2: 30, the wind was picking up and the sky was darkening．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·武汉市调研考试)We three were running down the path, shouting and laughing when our dog Rubby suddenly stopped in the distance．He turned around, eyeing us, with his tail swinging up and down．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2021·全国甲卷)______(ban) from the hotel since 2001，Burchill is now welcome to come back，the Fairmont said．
2．(2021·天津3月卷)As I _____(sweep) up the mess，I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months．
3．(2021·浙江1月卷)I had to spend the rest of the night _________(tremble) in the only dry part of my tent．
Banned
swept
trembling
核
心
单
词
检
测 4．(2020·北京卷)At the core of Lancom is a world class effective method that ________(enhance) language learning with advanced technology．
5．(2020·天津卷)But his smile _____(fade) as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers，in thought．
enhances
faded
派生单词检测 1．The child was crying and a woman volunteer came and patted him ______．Her __________ made the child calm down slowly．(gentle)
2．The expression on her face shows that she is _______ about the ________ question．(puzzle)
3．She dresses with casual ________ and her house is _________ furnished．(elegant)
gently
gentleness
puzzled
puzzling
elegance
elegantly
派生单词检测 4．Having a __________ interest in music，he always plays the violin ____________．(passion)
5．As a school _________，he often goes on a tour of __________ of the schools in this area．(inspect)
passionate
passionately
inspector
inspection
高频短语检测 talk away，come round，break out，alert...to...，cause harm to，target for，stand by
1．When the war _________，the two countries broke off their diplomatic relation．
2．Nobody's listening，but she just keeps ____________．
3．Exposure to TV violence will _____________ children's mental health．
broke out
talking away
cause harm to
高频短语检测 4．The plan doesn't sound very practical．It is bound to become the __________ the attack．
5．You should remember that your parents will ________ you whenever you are in trouble．
target for
stand by
重点句式检测 1．当我到达电影院时，电影已经开演约半个小时了。(by the time引导状语从句)
_______________________________，the film had been on for about half an hour．
2．我们迟到的原因是我们的车在路上出故障了。(the reason why...)
_________________________ that our car broke down on the way．
By the time I got to the cinema
The reason why we are late is
重点句式检测 3．听到这个坏消息，与其说那位老教授生气了，还不如说他感到遗憾。(more...than...)
The old professor was _____________________ when he heard the bad news．
more sorry than angry
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 insist [课本义]v．坚称，坚持认为 [增补义]v．坚决要求
练中回想——语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)Their responses to the questions reflected their true belief that “I can see you only if you can see me，too．” They simply insist __ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard．
②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)But she insists on us ______(eat) healthy food．
③He insisted that he ___(be) right，which made the teacher angry．
on
eating
was
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
④The little boy _____________________________________________ (坚持要买那个玩具) in spite of his mother's anger．
insisted that he (should) buy/insisted on buying that toy
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?insist on/upon (doing) sth．坚持(做)某事
?insist on/upon sb．doing sth．坚持让某人做某事
?insist＋that从句，从句用陈述语气，表示“坚持认为；坚决主张……”
?insist (that) sb．/sth．(should) do sth．从句用should do 形式，should 可省略，表示“坚持；坚决要求”
语料输入——必备素材
?insist on her innocence 坚持她的无辜
?insisted on driving me there坚持开车送我去那里
2 bend [课本义]v．变弯曲 [增补义]v．弯腰，俯身；屈从；竭尽全力 n．转弯，转弯处
练中回想——语法填空
①She is bent on ______ (live) separately from her parents to get away from their control．
②You will never succeed unless you bend all your mind __ your work．
③She seemed __________(bend) on destroying their relationship．
living
to
to be bent
完美写作——应用文佳句
④_______________________________________(我正专心致志地学习) so I didn't notice him．
I was bending my mind/thoughts to study
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?bend down/over 弯下腰
?bend sb．to sth．迫使某人屈从于
?bend one's mind/thoughts to sth．开始专心于某事
?be bent on (doing) sth．一心想要做某事
?bend the truth 扭曲事理；歪曲事实
语料输入——必备素材
?bend down/over and pick up a book from the floor 弯腰从地上捡起一本书
?not bend me completely to不能使我完全屈服于
3 ban [课本义]v．禁止，取缔 [增补义]n．禁令
练中回想——语法填空
①China has declared a new rule to ban _______(smoke) in enclosed public spaces．
②He was banned ____ driving for three years because of the accident he caused．
③There is a ban __ bringing dangerous items onto public transportation．
smoking
from
on
完美写作——应用文佳句
④In my view，_____________________________________________ (学生带手机进入校园应该被禁止)．
students taking cell phones to school should be banned
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?ban (doing) sth．禁止(做)某事
?ban sb．from doing sth．禁止某人做某事
?a ban on...有关……的禁令
?put a ban on...禁止……
?lift a ban on...解除……的禁令
语料输入——必备素材
?ban the use of chemical weapons 禁止使用化学武器
?the ban on smoking in public places 公共场所吸烟的禁令
4 stand by支持；袖手旁观；做好准备
练中回想——语法填空
①How can you stand __ and do nothing when your friend needs help
②Having been painted red，the building stands ___ among the rest and looks very attractive．
③I can't stand _______(work) with Jane in the same office．She just refuses to stop talking while she works．
by
out
working
完美写作——应用文佳句
④People usually eat mooncakes on Mid Autumn Festival，because __________________________________(月饼象征着家庭团圆)．
mooncakes stand for family reunion
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?stand for 代表；主张；象征；容忍(多用于否定句)
?stand out 显眼；突出
?stand up to经得起(检验、审查等)；经受得住，能承受
?can't stand sth．/(sb．) doing sth．不能忍受某事/(某人)做某事
语料输入——必备素材
?can't stand people smoking 忍受不了人们吸烟
?stand for friendship，love and good luck 代表友谊、爱和好运
5 [教材原句]Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific．
还有一些人说她的作品过于情感化，科学性并不强。
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Orange trees are more ____ decoration；they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth．
②He failed in the exam again．I think he is more lazy ____ stupid．
③For many wealthy folks，house purchase is __ more than an investment，I think．
④He was a kid really，___ more than eighteen．
than
than
no
not
完美写作——应用文佳句
⑤I am Li Hua，a student studying in London，who is_________________________________________(非常高兴得知这个信息) that there will be a Chinese painting exhibition in your local art gallery．
more than thrilled
to be informed of the message
练后归纳——句法分析
?more...than...意为“与其说……倒不如说……”。在此结构中，肯定的是more后面的内容，而否定的是than后面的内容。
?more than＋数词或从句 超过……
?more than＋形容词 非常……
?more than＋名词 不只是；不仅是……
?no more than只不过；仅仅
?not more than不超过；至多
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
She was more sad than angry when her son lied to her again．
当她的儿子再次向她撒谎时，她与其说生气，倒不如说伤心。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·浙江1月卷)With the pumpkin resting on the table，hole uppermost，I ____(bend) over and pressed my head against the opening．
2．I think it good if they ban _______(smoke) in restaurants and cafés as well．
bent
smoking
3．The boy insisted that he ___(be) innocent and that he didn't steal the pocket．
4．How do you stand him _____ (be) here all the time
5．According to the school rules，students shall _________(ban) from bringing cell phones to school．
6．The new reporter insisted on _____(be) present at all the interviews．
was
being
be banned
being
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．The ban __ driving after drinking alcohol has been carried out all over the country，which is helpful to reduce traffic accidents．
2．It was more her diligence ____ her intelligence that contributed to her success．
3．How can you stand __ and let the innocent kid be treated like that
4．You should respect the views of others，and at the same time insist __ what you think is right．
on
than
by
on
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2020·天津卷)I've heard that you are a talented young woman，and I have found you ________(charm) and intelligent as well．
2．(2020·天津5月卷)It's almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having ______(dozen) of questions about related concepts．
charming
dozens
3．When I saw the _______(puzzle) look on your face，I knew that you didn't understand my question．
4．Though she has been teaching English for twenty years，she is still __________(passion) about teaching．
puzzled
passionate
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Zhong Nanshan has enjoyed a good reputation ___ his great contributions to the field of medicine．
2．He happened to be in England when World War Ⅱ broke ___ and he just stayed on．
3．Believe it or not，she could sometimes talk ____ for hours on end．
4．We are planning to launch a campaign to alert the public __ the danger of driving after drinking．
for
out
away
to
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·全国乙卷)The sweep of the land and the stoicism(坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing．_
A．清扫 B．绵延弯曲的地带 C．搜查，搜索
B
2．(2021·全国甲卷)Southbank，at an eastern bend in the Thames，is the center of British skateboarding，where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing．_
A．弯曲 B．弯腰
C．转弯处
C
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
(2019·江苏卷)Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys．
化繁为简本句的主干Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench中包含两个并列谓语动词moved和sat，hands trembling为独立主格结构作____，其后是as引导的____________。
[尝试翻译]斯蒂夫走到钢琴前并坐在了长凳上，当他轻轻地把手指放在琴键上时双手在发抖。
状语
时间状语从句
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
People have been making use of natural supplies for 1．_________ (thousand)of years．For example，many trees are being cut and fresh water is being wasted，2．_____ has caused harm to the environment．
thousands
which
With the 3．___________ (develop)of technology and the increase of the population，the amount and range of materials 4．_____(take) by people will have increased．It is estimated that this trend will continue in the years 5．_______ (come)．
development
taken
to come
However，natural resources are not inexhaustible．Some resources are already nearly used 6．__．For example，we can see the end of the world's fuel 7．_____(be) within sight．Such an essential daily item as water is 8．__ short supply in many parts of the world．We can no 9．______(long) thoughtlessly use the resources provided by Nature．We must learn to conserve what remains．Laws should also 10．_______(make) to ban people from destroying too many natural resources．
up
being
in
longer
be made
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
环保问题是当今的热门话题，它不仅关乎我们的健康，而且对我们的未来也有很大的影响。请你写一篇短文，介绍环境保护的重要性。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
The environmental matter is a hot topic nowadays．Not only does it concern our health，but it also has a great impact on our future．
Because of lacking environmental awareness，people's health has been greatly affected by the air，noise and water pollution．In order to live a better life，we need a cleaner world．We should now be alerted to the importance of the environment and create a better future for our next generation．We insist that any activities bad for the environment should be banned．
In conclusion，just as the saying goes，“Protecting the environment is good for health．”It is everyone's responsibility to enhance environmental awareness．
动作描写之各种哭泣(三)
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累
常诵 ①make sb．cry 让某人哭，惹某人哭 ②sb．'s eyes water (因烟雾、风或切洋葱等) 使眼睛淌泪 ③cry bitterly 伤心地哭 ④a good long cry 痛痛快快哭一场
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表示“哭”的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①汤姆捉弄我，把我弄哭了。我的两只眼睛哭得又红又肿。
Tom played a trick on me，_________________．______________________________________．
(定语从句＋简单句)
which made me cry
My eyes were both red and swollen from crying
②我羞愧难忍，关了电视，自己哭着哭着睡着了。
Ashamed，I turned off the television and _____________________．
(简单句)
③后来汤姆来了，哭得很伤心，请求我原谅他。
a．Tom came later，__________________，and asked me to forgive him．(简单句)
b．Tom came later，______________________________________．
(动词 ing形式短语作状语)
cried myself to sleep
cried his eyes out
crying his eyes out，asking me to forgive him
④他满脸泪水，浑身颤抖。
___________________________ and he was trembling．(简单句)
⑤我哽咽了，我觉得我要哭了。
There was a lump in my throat and __________________．(简单句)
⑥我低声说：“伤心地哭也没用，你不能取笑我。”
I whispered，“__________________________．You can't make fun of me．” (简单句)
His face was wet with tears
I felt I would cry
It's no use crying bitterly
⑦我赶紧离开了，因为我不想在其他同学面前大哭。
I left quickly，not _________________________________________．
(分词作状语)
wanting to break down in front of other classmates续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·烟台市模拟)Adam, an 18 year old college student, dragged himself home． 2．(心理描写)(2022·济宁市模拟)These wonderful tales colored my childhood． 3．(景物描写)(2022·湖北省联考)By the time she took a break at 2: 30, the wind was picking up and the sky was darkening． (2022·武汉市调研考试)We three were running down the path, shouting and laughing when our dog Rubby suddenly stopped in the distance．He turned around, eyeing us, with his tail swinging up and down．
核心单词检测 1．(2021·全国甲卷)Banned(ban) from the hotel since 2001，Burchill is now welcome to come back，the Fairmont said． 2．(2021·天津3月卷)As I swept(sweep) up the mess，I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months． 3．(2021·浙江1月卷)I had to spend the rest of the night trembling(tremble) in the only dry part of my tent． 4．(2020·北京卷)At the core of Lancom is a world class effective method that enhances(enhance) language learning with advanced technology． 5．(2020·天津卷)But his smile faded(fade) as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers，in thought．
派生单词检测 1．The child was crying and a woman volunteer came and patted him gently．Her gentleness made the child calm down slowly．(gentle) 2．The expression on her face shows that she is puzzled about the puzzling question．(puzzle) 3．She dresses with casual elegance and her house is elegantly furnished．(elegant) 4．Having a passionate interest in music，he always plays the violin passionately．(passion) 5．As a school inspector，he often goes on a tour of inspection of the schools in this area．(inspect)
高频短语检测 talk away，come round，break out，alert...to...，cause harm to，target for，stand by
1．When the war broke_out，the two countries broke off their diplomatic relation． 2．Nobody's listening，but she just keeps talking_away． 3．Exposure to TV violence will cause_harm_to children's mental health． 4．The plan doesn't sound very practical．It is bound to become the target_for the attack． 5．You should remember that your parents will stand_by you whenever you are in trouble．
重点句式检测 1．当我到达电影院时，电影已经开演约半个小时了。(by the time引导状语从句) By_the_time_I_got_to_the_cinema，the film had been on for about half an hour． 2．我们迟到的原因是我们的车在路上出故障了。(the reason why...) The_reason_why_we_are_late_is that our car broke down on the way． 3．听到这个坏消息，与其说那位老教授生气了，还不如说他感到遗憾。(more...than...) The old professor was more_sorry_than_angry when he heard the bad news．
1 insist [课本义]v．坚称，坚持认为 [增补义]v．坚决要求
①(2022·全国乙卷)Their responses to the questions reflected their true belief that “I can see you only if you can see me，too．” They simply insist on mutual (相互的) recognition and regard．
②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)But she insists on us eating(eat) healthy food．
③He insisted that he was(be) right，which made the teacher angry．
④The little boy insisted_that_he_(should)_buy/insisted_on_buying_that_toy(坚持要买那个玩具) in spite of his mother's anger．
?insist on/upon (doing) sth．坚持(做)某事
?insist on/upon sb．doing sth．坚持让某人做某事
?insist＋that从句，从句用陈述语气，表示“坚持认为；坚决主张……”
?insist (that) sb．/sth．(should) do sth．从句用should do 形式，should 可省略，表示“坚持；坚决要求”
?insist on her innocence 坚持她的无辜
?insisted on driving me there坚持开车送我去那里
2 bend [课本义]v．变弯曲 [增补义]v．弯腰，俯身；屈从；竭尽全力 n．转弯，转弯处
①She is bent on living (live) separately from her parents to get away from their control．
②You will never succeed unless you bend all your mind to your work．
③She seemed to_be_bent(bend) on destroying their relationship．
④I_was_bending_my_mind/thoughts_to_study(我正专心致志地学习) so I didn't notice him．
?bend down/over 弯下腰
?bend sb．to sth．迫使某人屈从于
?bend one's mind/thoughts to sth．开始专心于某事
?be bent on (doing) sth．一心想要做某事
?bend the truth 扭曲事理；歪曲事实
?bend down/over and pick up a book from the floor 弯腰从地上捡起一本书
?not bend me completely to不能使我完全屈服于
3 ban [课本义]v．禁止，取缔 [增补义]n．禁令
①China has declared a new rule to ban smoking(smoke) in enclosed public spaces．
②He was banned from driving for three years because of the accident he caused．
③There is a ban on bringing dangerous items onto public transportation．
④In my view，students_taking_cell_phones_to_school_should_be_banned(学生带手机进入校园应该被禁止)．
?ban (doing) sth．禁止(做)某事
?ban sb．from doing sth．禁止某人做某事
?a ban on...有关……的禁令
?put a ban on...禁止……
?lift a ban on...解除……的禁令
?ban the use of chemical weapons 禁止使用化学武器
?the ban on smoking in public places 公共场所吸烟的禁令
4 stand by支持；袖手旁观；做好准备
①How can you stand by and do nothing when your friend needs help
②Having been painted red，the building stands out among the rest and looks very attractive．
③I can't stand working(work) with Jane in the same office．She just refuses to stop talking while she works．
④People usually eat mooncakes on Mid Autumn Festival，because mooncakes_stand_for_family_reunion(月饼象征着家庭团圆)．
?stand for 代表；主张；象征；容忍(多用于否定句)
?stand out 显眼；突出
?stand up to经得起(检验、审查等)；经受得住，能承受
?can't stand sth．/(sb．) doing sth．不能忍受某事/(某人)做某事
?can't stand people smoking 忍受不了人们吸烟
?stand for friendship，love and good luck 代表友谊、爱和好运
5 [教材原句]Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific． 还有一些人说她的作品过于情感化，科学性并不强。
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Orange trees are more than decoration；they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth．
②He failed in the exam again．I think he is more lazy than stupid．
③For many wealthy folks，house purchase is no more than an investment，I think．
④He was a kid really，not more than eighteen．
⑤I am Li Hua，a student studying in London，who is_more_than_thrilled_to_be_informed_of_the_message(非常高兴得知这个信息) that there will be a Chinese painting exhibition in your local art gallery．
?more...than...意为“与其说……倒不如说……”。在此结构中，肯定的是more后面的内容，而否定的是than后面的内容。
?more than＋数词或从句 超过……
?more than＋形容词 非常……
?more than＋名词 不只是；不仅是……
?no more than只不过；仅仅
?not more than不超过；至多
She was more sad than angry when her son lied to her again．
当她的儿子再次向她撒谎时，她与其说生气，倒不如说伤心。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·浙江1月卷)With the pumpkin resting on the table，hole uppermost，I bent(bend) over and pressed my head against the opening．
2．I think it good if they ban smoking(smoke) in restaurants and cafés as well．
3．The boy insisted that he was(be) innocent and that he didn't steal the pocket．
4．How do you stand him being (be) here all the time
5．According to the school rules，students shall be_banned(ban) from bringing cell phones to school．
6．The new reporter insisted on being(be) present at all the interviews．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．The ban on driving after drinking alcohol has been carried out all over the country，which is helpful to reduce traffic accidents．
2．It was more her diligence than her intelligence that contributed to her success．
3．How can you stand by and let the innocent kid be treated like that
4．You should respect the views of others，and at the same time insist on what you think is right．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2020·天津卷)I've heard that you are a talented young woman，and I have found you charming(charm) and intelligent as well．
2．(2020·天津5月卷)It's almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens(dozen) of questions about related concepts．
3．When I saw the puzzled(puzzle) look on your face，I knew that you didn't understand my question．
4．Though she has been teaching English for twenty years，she is still passionate(passion) about teaching．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Zhong Nanshan has enjoyed a good reputation for his great contributions to the field of medicine．
2．He happened to be in England when World War Ⅱ broke out and he just stayed on．
3．Believe it or not，she could sometimes talk away for hours on end．
4．We are planning to launch a campaign to alert the public to the danger of driving after drinking．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·全国乙卷)The sweep of the land and the stoicism(坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing．B
A．清扫 B．绵延弯曲的地带 C．搜查，搜索
2．(2021·全国甲卷)Southbank，at an eastern bend in the Thames，is the center of British skateboarding，where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing．C
A．弯曲 B．弯腰
C．转弯处
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
(2019·江苏卷)Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys．
本句的主干Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench中包含两个并列谓语动词moved和sat，hands trembling为独立主格结构作状语，其后是as引导的时间状语从句。
[尝试翻译]斯蒂夫走到钢琴前并坐在了长凳上，当他轻轻地把手指放在琴键上时双手在发抖。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
People have been making use of natural supplies for 1．thousands (thousand)of years．For example，many trees are being cut and fresh water is being wasted，2．which has caused harm to the environment．
With the 3．development (develop)of technology and the increase of the population，the amount and range of materials 4．taken(take) by people will have increased．It is estimated that this trend will continue in the years 5．to_come (come)．
However，natural resources are not inexhaustible．Some resources are already nearly used 6．up．For example，we can see the end of the world's fuel 7．being(be) within sight．Such an essential daily item as water is 8．in short supply in many parts of the world．We can no 9．longer(long) thoughtlessly use the resources provided by Nature．We must learn to conserve what remains．Laws should also 10．be_made(make) to ban people from destroying too many natural resources．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
环保问题是当今的热门话题，它不仅关乎我们的健康，而且对我们的未来也有很大的影响。请你写一篇短文，介绍环境保护的重要性。
注意：词数80左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
The environmental matter is a hot topic nowadays．Not only does it concern our health，but it also has a great impact on our future．
Because of lacking environmental awareness，people's health has been greatly affected by the air，noise and water pollution．In order to live a better life，we need a cleaner world．We should now be alerted to the importance of the environment and create a better future for our next generation．We insist that any activities bad for the environment should be banned．
In conclusion，just as the saying goes，“Protecting the environment is good for health．”It is everyone's responsibility to enhance environmental awareness．
动作描写之各种哭泣(三)
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
积累 常诵 ①make sb．cry 让某人哭，惹某人哭 ②sb．'s eyes water (因烟雾、风或切洋葱等) 使眼睛淌泪 ③cry bitterly 伤心地哭 ④a good long cry 痛痛快快哭一场
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写语句)
用表示“哭”的表达和其他描写手法补全下列句子
①汤姆捉弄我，把我弄哭了。我的两只眼睛哭得又红又肿。
Tom played a trick on me，which_made_me_cry．My_eyes_were_both_red_and_swollen_from_crying．(定语从句＋简单句)
②我羞愧难忍，关了电视，自己哭着哭着睡着了。
Ashamed，I turned off the television and cried_myself_to_sleep．(简单句)
③后来汤姆来了，哭得很伤心，请求我原谅他。
a．Tom came later，cried_his_eyes_out，and asked me to forgive him．(简单句)
b．Tom came later，crying_his_eyes_out，asking_me_to_forgive_him．(动词 ing形式短语作状语)
④他满脸泪水，浑身颤抖。
His_face_was_wet_with_tears and he was trembling．(简单句)
⑤我哽咽了，我觉得我要哭了。
There was a lump in my throat and I_felt_I_would_cry．(简单句)
⑥我低声说：“伤心地哭也没用，你不能取笑我。”
I whispered，“It's_no_use_crying_bitterly．You can't make fun of me．” (简单句)
⑦我赶紧离开了，因为我不想在其他同学面前大哭。
I left quickly，not wanting_to_break_down_in_front_of_other_classmates．(分词作状语)
课时分层作业(三十六)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2022·合肥市教学质量检测)
Earth is in the middle of an insect crisis，with thousands of species declining over the past several decades．Scientists have often blamed this on habitat loss or pesticide (杀虫剂) use．But a new study of butterflies in the western United States has found that warmer fall weather may be an equal，if not more，of a factor．
Over the past four decades，more than 450 butterfly species have declined at an average rate of nearly 2 percent a year，according to a study published in Science．It's already known that the western monarch butterfly has plummeted in population by 99.9 percent and was recently denied protection by Endangered Species Act in the U．S．But the study revealed lesser known species，like the Boisduval's blue and California's state insect，the California dogface butterfly，are heading toward extinction．
“The influence of climate change is driving those declines，which makes sense because they're so widespread，”says study leader Matthew Forister．To reach their troubling findings，the researchers combined databases of the butterfly count conducted by scientists and amateur insect enthusiasts at 72 locations in the western U．S．To focus on the contribution of climate change，the researchers made sure to include locations that were relatively undisturbed by agriculture and human development to limit the influence of other threats to butterflies such as habitat loss and pesticides．
More than 200 cities across the U．S．are experiencing warmer fall seasons．In Arizona，for instance，fall temperatures have risen by 0.2 degree Fahrenheit every decade since 1895．As for why warming falls are so harmful，it may be connected to butterflies' hibernation like diapause (滞育) in the fall．Warmer temperatures could be forcing the insects，most of which live around a year，to stay awake longer and starve．In other words，they're “getting old and fragile and dying sooner”．
Given that butterflies are key pollinators (传花粉者)，such declines predict bigger problems for plants and even whole ecosystems．Forister adds，“The climate effects will almost certainly affect many other insects，including bees．” And these effects will “damage” efforts to protect and restore butterfly habitat．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。人们常将物种数量减少归咎于生物栖息地的丧失和杀虫剂的使用。新的研究表明，秋季气候变暖是蝴蝶这一物种数量下降的又一重要因素。
1．What does the underlined word “plummeted” mean in paragraph 2
A．Recovered slowly． B．Decreased sharply．
C．Escaped suddenly． D．Evolved rapidly．
B [词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句中的“Over the past...2 percent a year”可知，在过去的40年里，450多种蝴蝶的数量以平均每年近2%的速度减少。再结合该段中的“in population by 99.9 percent”可知，西方帝王蝶的数量已经下降了99.9%。B项“陡然下降”与画线词的意思最为接近，故选 B项。]
2．What did the researchers do in paragraph 3
A．They ruled out the effects of human activities．
B．They tried to protect the habitat of butterflies．
C．They refused to use amateurs' science data．
D．They identified other threats to butterflies．
A [细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“To focus on...loss and pesticides．”可知，研究人员排除了农业和人类发展对蝴蝶的影响，例如栖息地的丧失和杀虫剂的使用等。]
3．How do warming falls affect butterflies
A．They affect butterflies' natural life cycle．
B．They slow down butterflies' aging process．
C．They cause butterflies to lose more habitats．
D．They force butterflies to compete for survival．
A [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“As for why...and dying sooner”可知，秋季气候变暖导致蝴蝶醒着的时间更长，只能挨饿，它们死亡得更快了。据此可推知，暖秋影响着蝴蝶的自然生命周期。]
4．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To discuss the importance of butterfly species．
B．To suggest a way to fight against climate change．
C．To introduce new methods of studying butterflies．
D．To present a new factor in a species population decline．
D [写作意图题。通读全文可知，第一段中的“But a new study of...of a factor．”为全文主题句，再结合下文内容可知，本文旨在介绍导致蝴蝶数量下降的另一个因素。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2022·安徽省名校联盟质量检测)
What is cross country running Cross country running is an outdoor endurance (耐久力) sport that can be mentally challenging and fun．__1__ You're not only putting one foot in front of the other but also thinking ahead of barriers and changes in the trail or course．
__2__However，before you begin training and racing，you should be aware of potential injuries and how to avoid them．How can you prevent cross country running injuries The best ways for outdoor runners to stay healthy include the following running tips:
Stretch daily．For all runners and athletes，regular stretching exercises are an important part of conditioning．__3__
Warm up and cool down．Muscles and tendons (腱) are less likely to be overstretched or tore if they've been properly prepared for running and racing．High intensity workouts require more preparations and post workout cooling down than low impact activities．
Wear the right shoes．Make sure your shoes fit properly and that they are neither too tight fitting nor too loose．__4__
Eat and drink enough．Competitive distance runners like to keep their weight low．However，consuming too few calories can harm your body，especially if you're a girl or woman subject to eating disorders．__5__It's effective to prevent injuries and heat illness．Remember that in full sun or in humid regions of the state，you particularly tend to have heatstroke．Drink plenty of water before and after running．
A．Cross country running is a sport requiring money．
B．Tie double knots to prevent tripping over undone laces．
C．It's mostly very safe in comparison to other team sports．
D．Have a well balanced diet and be sure to stay well hydrated．
E．You may encounter unexpected，non natural barriers．
F．It is needed to keep your bones，joints，and muscles healthy．
G．This type of running and racing has both the physical and psychological roles．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了越野赛跑的特点以及越野赛跑时避免受伤的一些技巧。
1．G [考查上下文衔接。根据空前面的“越野赛跑是一项耐力型的户外运动，非常考验意志力且很有趣”和空后面的“你不只是把一只脚放到另一只脚前面，而且还在事先思考道路上的障碍和变化”可知，G项符合语境。]
2．C [考查上下文衔接。根据空后面的However可知，空处与后文内容构成转折关系，空后表示，在训练和赛跑之前，你应该了解潜在的受伤风险，并知道如何避免，因此空处讲到的应该是越野赛跑相对安全，故C项符合语境。]
3．F [考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句讲到了“每天拉伸”，空前一句讲到了规律的伸展运动是训练的重要一步，所以空处讲到的也应该是拉伸的必要性或重要性，故F项符合语境。]
4．B [考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句讲到了“穿合适的鞋”，故B项“打双结，以免未系好的鞋带绊倒自己”符合语境。]
5．D [考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句讲到了“吃饱喝足”，选项中只有D项讲到了与饮食相关的内容，故D项符合语境。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2022·甘肃省第一次高考诊断考试)
China's First National Park
China's first national park in Northwest China's Sanjiangyuan area，1．________(cover) a total area of 123，100 square kilometers，was officially established in 2020 2．________schedule．The national park is the country's calling card，and unlike nature reserves，3．________protect unique species，national parks stress the protection of the entire ecosystem．
Under the national park's management，herders and 4．________(farmer) would be turned into the forces of 5．________(environment) protection in the Sanjiangyuan area．The work 6．________(expect) to provide jobs，boost incomes and give people an 7．________(encourage) to protect the environment．The ecological environment of the Sanjiangyuan area has greatly improved in recent years．The grassland coverage of the area has risen sharply 8．________(compare) with the last decade．The last decade also saw a significant increase in the number of wild animals，because in 2020 the number of Tibetan antelopes 9．________(be) over 70，000 from less than 20，000 in 10．________1980s．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国第一个国家公园——三江源国家公园的建立、功能和现状。
1．covering [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是was established，空处在句中作非谓语，cover 与逻辑主语 China's first national park之间为主谓关系，所以空处填covering。]
2．on [考查介词。此处考查固定表达on schedule，意为“按时，按时间表”，所以空处填on。]
3．which [考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处形成了一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为nature reserves，关系词在从句中作主语，所以空处填which。]
4．farmers [考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处与名词herders并列，也应用所给词的复数形式，所以空处填farmers。]
5．environmental [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，修饰后面的名词protection需要用到形容词，所以空处填environmental。]
6．was expected [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。结合语境可知，时态为一般过去时；主语The work 与expect之间为被动关系；主语为The work ，谓语动词用单数形式。所以空处填was expected。]
7．encouragement [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词give的直接宾语，需要用名词，且空前有an，名词需要用单数形式，所以空处填encouragement。]
8．compared [考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定表达compared with，意为“与……相比”，所以空处填compared。]
9．was [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处是主系表结构。结合时间状语in 2020可知，时态为一般过去时；主语the number of...表示“……的数量”，为单数概念，所以空处需要填was。]
10．the [考查冠词。此处考查固定表达in the 1980s，意为“在20世纪80年代”，所以空处填the。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·潍坊市高考模拟)
A GIFT FOR GRANDPA
The summer vacation was coming．Jack and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again．
The big day came at last．After the happy family got ready，they set out for the grandparents' home eagerly．On the way，the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with their grandparents．
A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared．Behind the property was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa．They arrived at the driveway，at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully．
Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room，shouting excitedly “Grandpa，we are back！”
Seeing his grandsons，Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain．A helpless expression flashed across his face．Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and that he maybe couldn't stand up on his own forever．But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地)，“I can！” Certainly，he was stuck in his boyish way．Mum and Grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time．They sat together and chatted about what happened recently．
The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation，went out and wandered into the forest．Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other，while young ones rose straight like soldiers．Grandpa was once a great explorer full of wisdom．He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs．The trees，birds，lizards，lots of bugs...How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom!
But now Grandpa couldn't get up．This made them worried．“We need to think out a way to cheer him up，” Jack said．“Grandpa is a bird lover，so we can catch him a bird，” Berlin suggested．“But he hates birds being caged！” Jack shook his head．
Then a bright idea came to Jack's mind．“Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree？”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Berlin thought it was a good idea．___________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
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Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa．__________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
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【写作思路】
文章大意：Jack和他的弟弟Berlin暑假期间去看望他们的爷爷奶奶。去到那里后他们得知，爷爷因生病已经无法起身。他的健康每况愈下，他可能永远站不起来了。但爷爷坚信自己能站起来。他曾经是森林里的探险家。Jack和他的弟弟走进了屋后的森林，Berlin提议抓一只鸟给爷爷，可是Jack担心爷爷不喜欢鸟儿被关在笼中。他想到可以用树棍给爷爷做一根拐杖。
谋篇布局：根据续写第一段的提示句“Berlin thought it was a good idea．”可确定续写第一段的写作思路——两兄弟就这一提议达成一致后，他们做了什么？他们选择了怎样的树？是如何制作的？制作好了吗？根据续写第二段的提示句“Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa．”可确定续写第二段的写作思路——爷爷得到拐杖后想到了什么？爷爷能否用拐杖站起来？大家的感觉怎样？
【参考范文】
Berlin_thought_it_was_a_good_idea．When the two brothers reached an agreement，they quickly ran back to their grandparents' house，got the tools they needed to make the cane，and ran back to the woods．Jack said，“What kind of tree should we pick for the walking stick？” Berlin thought for a moment and said，“I think we should choose a straight tree，so no knots will scratch Grandpa's hands．” Jack nodded his head in agreement．They found a straight tree and set to work．They cut the tree down，and with a knife they took the bark off．It was a wonderful tree，which was smooth and was just of the right size．They thought Grandpa would love it．
Jack_and_Berlin_handed_the_cane_to_Grandpa．When Grandpa took the cane，his hands shook with joy，thinking，“This is made by my grandsons themselves．How precious it is！” Jack said，“Grandpa，we hope this cane will help you stand up and come with us to explore the woods．” Grandpa smiled and decided to give it a try so as not to make his grandchildren disappointed．He held the cane in his right hand and the arm of his chair in his left hand．He stood up with strength on his legs．Everyone was surprised and excited to see Grandpa stand up．At that moment，Jack noticed a tear coming from the corner of his grandpa's eye．
