(共61张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修三册
Unit 3 The world meets China
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2022·扬州中学阶段检测)Opening the door, she saw a stranger standing outside, body trembling with cold．
2．(心理描写)(2022·烟台市模拟)It seemed like the whole school circled around me as I was being pushed away．
3．(人物描写)(2022·浙大附中模拟)A smile ear to ear while she looked back at herself in the mirror．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·十堰市调研考试)Seeing his grandsons，Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain．A helpless expression flashed on his face．Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn't stand up on his own forever．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2022·全国乙卷)_____________(strengthen)the connection with young people，the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media ...
2．(2021·全国甲卷)In the sciences and arts，those praised as ________(genius) were most often white men，of European origin．
To strengthen
geniuses
核
心
单
词
检
测 3．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Highlights(精彩之处) include China's most sacred _____(peak) at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills，waterways and peaceful _______(temple)．
4．(2020·北京卷)________(scholar) have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman _______(statue)．
5．The luxurious hotel is well equipped，________(boast) two pure swimming pools and a golf course．
peaks
temples
Scholars
statues
boasting
派生单词检测 1．He is a _________ and he often writes __________ articles，especially about ________ events．(history)
2．A _______ is a country ruled by a person with the ________ or queenship．(king)
3．The _________ young man has won a ___________ to study at Peking University．(scholar)
historian
historical
historic
kingdom
kingship
scholarly
scholarship
派生单词检测 4．It is _______ that immunization ________ against fatal diseases has increased to 99% in some countries．(cover)
5．In order to __________ his arm and leg muscles, Bob takes exercise every day，and now he has enough ________ to lift big stones．(strong)
covered
coverage
strengthen
strength
高频短语检测 be testimony to，date from，seal up，prior to，keep a close eye on，on the whole，strike a chord
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)So instead of tying him up，I just ___________________ him．It worked — he didn't end up in the creek．
2．(2021·北京卷)Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening ________ going to bed．
kept a close eye on
prior to
高频短语检测 3．Louvre __________ the 12th century，which used to be a royal palace．
4．____________，her performance in People's Grand Theater last night was a success．
5．To prevent the cold breeze from blowing in，we _______ the windows when winter comes．
dates from
On the whole
seal up
重点句式检测 1．鉴于她十分喜欢孩子，我敢肯定教书对她来说是最适合的职业。(given that...)
_______________________________________，I'm sure teaching is the right career for her．
2．如果你是最后一个离开房间的人，记得关灯。(the＋序数词＋n．＋to do)
If you are _________________________________，remember to turn off the light．
Given that she likes children very much
the last person to leave the room
重点句式检测 3．1949年见证了中华人民共和国的成立。(无生命名词作主语)
______________________________ of the People's Republic of China．
The year 1949 saw the founding
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 strengthen v．加强
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Now that you've listed your _________(strength)，list your imperfections．
strengths
②The exercises are designed to __________(strength) your stomach muscles．
③The driver bore down ____ all his strength to control the car when the wheel slipped．
strengthen
with
完美写作——应用文佳句
④I would like to volunteer to help visitors，introduce Chinese paintings，spread Chinese culture，and ___________________________________(加强世界文化交流)．
strengthen world cultural exchanges
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?strength n．力量；力气；优势；长处
?with all one's strength 用尽全身的力气
?have the strength to do sth．有力气/意志做某事
?build up one's strength 强身健体
?strengths and weaknesses 长处和短处，优缺点
?strong adj．坚强的；强壮的
语料输入——必备素材
?strengthen the friendship between the two countries 加强两国之间的友谊
?strengthen our sense of hard work 增强我们的劳动意识
2 prior adj．先前的；较早的
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·北京卷)This may be because more life experience usually leads to more defined __________(priority)．
②They were busy preparing during the week prior __ the meeting．
③The address of the letter was checked carefully prior to ____________(mail)．
priorities
to
being mailed
完美写作——应用文佳句
④He always _______________________________________(优先考虑别人而不是他自己)．
gives priority to others rather than to himself
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?prior to (doing) sth．在(做)某事之前，先于……
?priority n．优先权
?give priority to 优先考虑
语料输入——必备素材
?need some prior knowledge 事先需要该方面的知识
?prior to writing 在动笔之前
?a big priority for conservation purposes 优先保护的对象
3 date from 追溯到……
练中回想——语法填空
①The needle treatment ______(date) from the ancient times has cured many diseases．
②The dictionary is ___ of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published．
③I have read many books on literature __ date，but none of them are up __ date．
dating
out
to
to
完美写作——一句多译
这座寺庙有悠久的历史，可以追溯到唐代初期。
④The temple has a long history ________________________ the early period of the Tang Dynasty．(定语从句)
⑤The temple has a long history ___________________ the early period of the Tang Dynasty．(非谓语动词作定语)
which dates from/back to
dating from/back to
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?date back to＝date from始于……；追溯到……
?out of date 过时的；陈旧的
?up to date 最新式的；现代的
?to date(＝so far) 迄今为止
?fix/set a date for 确定……的日期
?have a date with sb．与某人约会
语料输入——必备素材
?set the date for the wedding确定了婚礼的日期
?have a date with his girlfriend 与他的女朋友约会
[名师点津] date back to/date from常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其动词 ing形式作后置定语。
4 keep an eye on 照看，留神，留意
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·天津卷)I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother kept an eye __ him．
②Linda is a fashionable young girl; she has a good eye ___ fashion．
on
for
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
③Jim was doing his homework when _____________________(一只鸟引起了他的注意)．
④____________________________________(小男孩眼睛盯着屏幕) and fixed all his attention on the cartoon．
a bird caught his eye
The boy fixed/kept his eyes on the screen
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?keep one's eyes on 注视，盯着看，注意
?have an eye for 对……有鉴赏力
?look sb．in the eye 直视/正视某人
?catch one's eye 引起某人注意
语料输入——必备素材
?keep an eye on the house for us 帮我们照看一下房子
?keep an eye on their children the whole time 始终留意他们的孩子们
5 [教材原句]Gan Ying，a military envoy，explored the Persian Gulf and became the first Chinese to get information on Europe．
军事特使甘英考察了波斯湾，成为第一个获得欧洲情报的中国人。
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·天津3月卷)For Pruitt，a keen bicyclist，the first thing _____(do) was replace his stolen bike．
②If I have any further news，you will be the first person _______(know) it．
③Volunteering gives you a chance _________(change) lives，including your own．
to do
to know
to change
完美写作——记叙文佳句
④______________________________________(她是我们村第一个上大学的女孩子)in our village，which makes her parents very proud．
She is the first girl to go to college
练后归纳——句法分析
?句中the first ...to do ...意为“第一个做……的”，此处动词不定式作定语。
?序数词、最高级以及the only，the last，the right等或由这类词修饰的名词后常用不定式作后置定语。
?抽象名词ability，chance，opportunity，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，attempt，belief等后常用不定式作定语。
语料输入——必备素材
My mother is the first woman in her village to receive high education．
我母亲是她村里第一位接受高等教育的女性。
6 [教材原句]Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands，and they are well received．
每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，并且受到好评。
练中回想——语法填空
①With economy development at great speed，our city _____________(witness) quite a few changes in recent years．
②When he met his girlfriend for the first time，words ______(fail) him．
has witnessed
failed
完美写作——记叙文佳句
③While shopping，I came across one of my former classmate，but ____________________________________________(一时想不起他的名字)，which made me embarrassed．(escape)
④______________________________(小路引领我们来到一个小村庄)situated on the steep of a mountain．
⑤________________________________(过去十年见证了) a boom in economy in my hometown．
his name escaped me/my memory for the moment
The path led us to a small village
The last ten years has witnessed
练后归纳——句法分析
无生命名词作主语是一种拟人的手法，用来增添语言色彩，可分为以下几类：
?以时间、地点等名词作主语，常用witness，see，find等动词作谓语。
?表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词(如word，anger，faith，idea，courage，desire等)作主语，用fail，desert，escape等动词作谓语。
?具有行为和动作意义的名词作主语，常用含有使役意义的动词(如remind，make，let等)作谓语。
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
If the end (purpose) is justifiable，it will matter litter whatever means you use．
只要目的正确，用哪种方法是无关紧要的。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Space Shuttle Atlantis has been cleared _______ (land) next week．
2．To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercises to __________(strength) your leg muscles (肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes．
to land
strengthen
3．______(date) from 1980s，our friendship gave both of us pleasure．
4．The twentieth century _________(witness)the high speed development of human society．
5．They sat on the grass，with their eyes _____(fix) on the stars in the sky．
6．Communists should give ________(prior) to the needs of the country and the people．
Dating
witnessed
fixed
priority
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Since its birth，Harrogate Music Festival has gone from strength __ strength．
2．He is our monitor dating ____ the first year．
3．Prior __ moving to our new house，we should pack all the belongings up．
4．We have asked the neighbors to keep an eye __ the house for us while we are away．
to
from
to
on
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·北京卷)UNESCO will provide limited insurance ________(cover) up to USD 30，000 for the internship period．
2．The success of the conference opened a ________(glory) chapter in our country's history．
coverage
glorious
3．________(boast) about how smart you are，you will lose all your friends．
4．Easter is an important _________(religion) and social festival for Christians around the world．
Boasting
religious
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．The new teacher always brought the class __ life with his humor．
2．This business' success is testimony __ your hard work．
3．Something unexpected happened，but __ the whole it was a pleasant journey．
4．He was astonished to find that his personal information had been exposed __ the public．
to
to
on
to
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) “Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities，” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident．”_
A．自豪拥有 B．夸耀 C．吹嘘
B
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
(2021·全国甲卷)It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club．
化繁为简本句是一个并列复合句。第一个分句中的it是形式主语，替代that引导的________，and后是第二个分句。
[尝试翻译]据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。
主语从句
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Tom 1．________ (be) interested in history since he was a child．He likes to read historical novels such as The Romance of the Three Kingdoms．In college，he majored in history and archaeology and became a famous 2．_________(history) and archaeologist．After graduation，he went to 3．_ research institute and became a professor
has been
historian
a
in the department of history．As a visiting scholar，he has studied in many countries．Prior 4．__ three years，he was sent to Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang 5．________ (study) murals and statues．In the process of research，he found that the subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from 6．_________ (religion) stories to daily life scenes，7．__________ (reflect) people's confidence and optimism for the future at that time．The level of artists peaked in the Tang Dynasty．In
to
to study
religious
reflecting
response to the 8．___________(destroy) of the mural，Tom put forward the restoration strategy and protection measures，which 9．_______________ (recognise) by the relevant experts．He made a video of the repaired murals and displayed them at a traditional culture Expo，10．_____ attracted people's attention．
destruction
were recognised
which
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华，你市图书馆将举办中国茶文化展览。你校英国外教Smith先生对此很感兴趣，请给他写一封邮件，邀请他参加该活动。内容包括：
1．展览时间及地点；
2．展览内容：中国茶的历史、文化、茶叶、茶具等；
3．观看茶艺表演、品茶。
参考词汇：茶具tea set；茶艺the art of tea making
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Mr Smith，
Knowing that you are very interested in tea culture，I have a piece of good news for you that our city library will hold a Chinese tea culture expo at 8: 00am next Saturday with the purpose of promoting tea culture．
It is an exhibition boasting colorful activities，and you can not only appreciate a wide variety of tea sets，but also enjoy the art of tea making and tea tasting，which are testimony to the glorious history and culture of tea．If you are available，please arrive at the entrance hall of the city library prior to the opening ceremony．
I believe the exhibition can strengthen the understanding between China and England and hope we will have an excellent time there．
Yours，
Li Hua
心理活动描写
完成下列关于动作、情感和心理活动细节的句子
①简既害怕又无助，靠着一棵树坐下，歇歇她疼痛的双脚。
___________________，Jane sat against a tree，_______________________．(形容词短语，非谓语动词作状语)
Scared and helpless
resting her aching
feet
②“如果我没有和汤姆吵架，我现在就不会被困在这里了，”她想，悔恨的泪水模糊了她的眼睛。
“_______________________________________________________，” she thought to herself _____________________________________．
(虚拟语气的倒装句，with复合结构)
③过不了多久，天就会黑得完全看不出我身在何处了。
_______________________________________________(简单句)
Had I not quarreled with Tom，I wouldn't have been here
with regretful tears clouding her eyes
Soon it might be too dark to tell where I was．
④我没有手电筒，没有电话。如果我找不到回去的路怎么办？
___________________________________________________________ (简单句)
⑤想了一会儿后，她筋疲力尽，爬上一块儿大石头，躺了下来，很快睡着了。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________(so...that 状语从句，一连串的动作)
I had no flashlight，no phone．What if I couldn't find my way back
After thinking for a while，she became so exhausted that she climbed
up onto a big rock，lay down and fell fast asleep．
⑥简醒来时天已经亮了。
___________________________________
⑦尽管很沮丧，她挣扎着站了起来，希望找到走出森林的路。
__________________，she struggled to her feet，________________________________________．(状语从句的省略句，现在分词作状语)
It was daybreak when Jane woke up．
Although depressed
hoping to find her
way out of the forest续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·扬州中学阶段检测)Opening the door, she saw a stranger standing outside, body trembling with cold． 2．(心理描写)(2022·烟台市模拟)It seemed like the whole school circled around me as I was being pushed away． 3．(人物描写)(2022·浙大附中模拟)A smile ear to ear while she looked back at herself in the mirror． (2022·十堰市调研考试)Seeing his grandsons，Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain．A helpless expression flashed on his face．Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn't stand up on his own forever．
核心单词检测 1．(2022·全国乙卷)To_strengthen(strengthen)the connection with young people，the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media ... 2．(2021·全国甲卷)In the sciences and arts，those praised as geniuses(genius) were most often white men，of European origin． 3．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Highlights(精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks(peak) at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples(temple)． 4．(2020·北京卷)Scholars(scholar) have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues(statue)． 5．The luxurious hotel is well equipped，boasting(boast) two pure swimming pools and a golf course．
派生单词检测 1．He is a historian and he often writes historical articles，especially about historic events．(history) 2．A kingdom is a country ruled by a person with the kingship or queenship．(king) 3．The scholarly young man has won a scholarship to study at Peking University．(scholar) 4．It is covered that immunization coverage against fatal diseases has increased to 99% in some countries．(cover) 5．In order to strengthen his arm and leg muscles, Bob takes exercise every day，and now he has enough strength to lift big stones．(strong)
高频短语检测 be testimony to，date from，seal up，prior to，keep a close eye on，on the whole，strike a chord
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)So instead of tying him up，I just kept_a_close_eye_on him．It worked — he didn't end up in the creek． 2．(2021·北京卷)Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior_to going to bed． 3．Louvre dates_from the 12th century，which used to be a royal palace． 4．On_the_whole，her performance in People's Grand Theater last night was a success． 5．To prevent the cold breeze from blowing in，we seal_up the windows when winter comes．
重点句式检测 1．鉴于她十分喜欢孩子，我敢肯定教书对她来说是最适合的职业。(given that...) Given_that_she_likes_children_very_much，I'm sure teaching is the right career for her． 2．如果你是最后一个离开房间的人，记得关灯。(the＋序数词＋n．＋to do) If you are the_last_person_to_leave_the_room，remember to turn off the light． 3．1949年见证了中华人民共和国的成立。(无生命名词作主语) The_year_1949_saw_the_founding of the People's Republic of China．
1 strengthen v．加强
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Now that you've listed your strengths(strength)，list your imperfections．
②The exercises are designed to strengthen(strength) your stomach muscles．
③The driver bore down with all his strength to control the car when the wheel slipped．
④I would like to volunteer to help visitors，introduce Chinese paintings，spread Chinese culture，and strengthen_world_cultural_exchanges(加强世界文化交流)．
?strength n．力量；力气；优势；长处
?with all one's strength 用尽全身的力气
?have the strength to do sth．有力气/意志做某事
?build up one's strength 强身健体
?strengths and weaknesses 长处和短处，优缺点
?strong adj．坚强的；强壮的
?strengthen the friendship between the two countries 加强两国之间的友谊
?strengthen our sense of hard work 增强我们的劳动意识
2 prior adj．先前的；较早的
①(2021·北京卷)This may be because more life experience usually leads to more defined priorities(priority)．
②They were busy preparing during the week prior to the meeting．
③The address of the letter was checked carefully prior to being_mailed(mail)．
④He always gives_priority_to_others_rather_than_to_himself(优先考虑别人而不是他自己)．
?prior to (doing) sth．在(做)某事之前，先于……
?priority n．优先权
?give priority to 优先考虑
?need some prior knowledge 事先需要该方面的知识
?prior to writing 在动笔之前
?a big priority for conservation purposes 优先保护的对象
3 date from 追溯到……
①The needle treatment dating(date) from the ancient times has cured many diseases．
②The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published．
③I have read many books on literature to date，but none of them are up to date．
这座寺庙有悠久的历史，可以追溯到唐代初期。
④The temple has a long history which_dates_from/back_to the early period of the Tang Dynasty．(定语从句)
⑤The temple has a long history dating_from/back_to the early period of the Tang Dynasty．(非谓语动词作定语)
?date back to＝date from始于……；追溯到……
?out of date 过时的；陈旧的
?up to date 最新式的；现代的
?to date(＝so far) 迄今为止
?fix/set a date for 确定……的日期
?have a date with sb．与某人约会
?set the date for the wedding确定了婚礼的日期
?have a date with his girlfriend 与他的女朋友约会
[名师点津] date back to/date from常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其动词 ing形式作后置定语。
4 keep an eye on 照看，留神，留意
①(2020·天津卷)I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother kept an eye on him．
②Linda is a fashionable young girl; she has a good eye for fashion．
③Jim was doing his homework when a_bird_caught_his_eye(一只鸟引起了他的注意)．
④The_boy_fixed/kept_his_eyes_on_the_screen(小男孩眼睛盯着屏幕) and fixed all his attention on the cartoon．
?keep one's eyes on 注视，盯着看，注意
?have an eye for 对……有鉴赏力
?look sb．in the eye 直视/正视某人
?catch one's eye 引起某人注意
?keep an eye on the house for us 帮我们照看一下房子
?keep an eye on their children the whole time 始终留意他们的孩子们
5 [教材原句]Gan Ying，a military envoy，explored the Persian Gulf and became the first Chinese to get information on Europe． 军事特使甘英考察了波斯湾，成为第一个获得欧洲情报的中国人。
①(2021·天津3月卷)For Pruitt，a keen bicyclist，the first thing to_do(do) was replace his stolen bike．
②If I have any further news，you will be the first person to_know(know) it．
③Volunteering gives you a chance to_change(change) lives，including your own．
④She_is_the_first_girl_to_go_to_college(她是我们村第一个上大学的女孩子)in our village，which makes her parents very proud．
?句中the first ...to do ...意为“第一个做……的”，此处动词不定式作定语。
?序数词、最高级以及the only，the last，the right等或由这类词修饰的名词后常用不定式作后置定语。
?抽象名词ability，chance，opportunity，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，attempt，belief等后常用不定式作定语。
My mother is the first woman in her village to receive high education．
我母亲是她村里第一位接受高等教育的女性。
6 [教材原句]Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands，and they are well received． 每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，并且受到好评。
①With economy development at great speed，our city has_witnessed(witness) quite a few changes in recent years．
②When he met his girlfriend for the first time，words failed(fail) him．
③While shopping，I came across one of my former classmate，but his_name_escaped_me/my_memory_for_the_moment(一时想不起他的名字)，which made me embarrassed．(escape)
④The_path_led_us_to_a_small_village(小路引领我们来到一个小村庄)situated on the steep of a mountain．
⑤The_last_ten_years_has_witnessed(过去十年见证了) a boom in economy in my hometown．
无生命名词作主语是一种拟人的手法，用来增添语言色彩，可分为以下几类：
?以时间、地点等名词作主语，常用witness，see，find等动词作谓语。
?表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词(如word，anger，faith，idea，courage，desire等)作主语，用fail，desert，escape等动词作谓语。
?具有行为和动作意义的名词作主语，常用含有使役意义的动词(如remind，make，let等)作谓语。
If the end (purpose) is justifiable，it will matter litter whatever means you use．
只要目的正确，用哪种方法是无关紧要的。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Space Shuttle Atlantis has been cleared to_land (land) next week．
2．To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercises to strengthen(strength) your leg muscles (肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes．
3．Dating(date) from 1980s，our friendship gave both of us pleasure．
4．The twentieth century witnessed(witness)the high speed development of human society．
5．They sat on the grass，with their eyes fixed(fix) on the stars in the sky．
6．Communists should give priority(prior) to the needs of the country and the people．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Since its birth，Harrogate Music Festival has gone from strength to strength．
2．He is our monitor dating from the first year．
3．Prior to moving to our new house，we should pack all the belongings up．
4．We have asked the neighbors to keep an eye on the house for us while we are away．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·北京卷)UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage(cover) up to USD 30，000 for the internship period．
2．The success of the conference opened a glorious(glory) chapter in our country's history．
3．Boasting(boast) about how smart you are，you will lose all your friends．
4．Easter is an important religious(religion) and social festival for Christians around the world．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．The new teacher always brought the class to life with his humor．
2．This business' success is testimony to your hard work．
3．Something unexpected happened，but on the whole it was a pleasant journey．
4．He was astonished to find that his personal information had been exposed to the public．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) “Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities，” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident．”B
A．自豪拥有 B．夸耀 C．吹嘘
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
(2021·全国甲卷)It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club．
本句是一个并列复合句。第一个分句中的it是形式主语，替代that引导的主语从句，and后是第二个分句。
[尝试翻译]据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Tom 1．has_been (be) interested in history since he was a child．He likes to read historical novels such as The Romance of the Three Kingdoms．In college，he majored in history and archaeology and became a famous 2．historian(history) and archaeologist．After graduation，he went to 3．a research institute and became a professor in the department of history．As a visiting scholar，he has studied in many countries．Prior 4．to three years，he was sent to Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang 5．to_study (study) murals and statues．In the process of research，he found that the subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from 6．religious (religion) stories to daily life scenes，7．reflecting (reflect) people's confidence and optimism for the future at that time．The level of artists peaked in the Tang Dynasty．In response to the 8．destruction(destroy) of the mural，Tom put forward the restoration strategy and protection measures，which 9．were_recognised (recognise) by the relevant experts．He made a video of the repaired murals and displayed them at a traditional culture Expo，10．which attracted people's attention．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华，你市图书馆将举办中国茶文化展览。你校英国外教Smith先生对此很感兴趣，请给他写一封邮件，邀请他参加该活动。内容包括：
1．展览时间及地点；
2．展览内容：中国茶的历史、文化、茶叶、茶具等；
3．观看茶艺表演、品茶。
参考词汇：茶具tea set；茶艺the art of tea making
注意：词数80左右。
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【参考范文】
Dear Mr Smith，
Knowing that you are very interested in tea culture，I have a piece of good news for you that our city library will hold a Chinese tea culture expo at 8: 00am next Saturday with the purpose of promoting tea culture．
It is an exhibition boasting colorful activities，and you can not only appreciate a wide variety of tea sets，but also enjoy the art of tea making and tea tasting，which are testimony to the glorious history and culture of tea．If you are available，please arrive at the entrance hall of the city library prior to the opening ceremony．
I believe the exhibition can strengthen the understanding between China and England and hope we will have an excellent time there．
Yours，
Li Hua
心理活动描写
完成下列关于动作、情感和心理活动细节的句子
①简既害怕又无助，靠着一棵树坐下，歇歇她疼痛的双脚。
Scared_and_helpless，Jane sat against a tree，resting_her_aching_feet．(形容词短语，非谓语动词作状语)
②“如果我没有和汤姆吵架，我现在就不会被困在这里了，”她想，悔恨的泪水模糊了她的眼睛。
“Had_I_not_quarreled_with_Tom，I_wouldn't_have_been_here，” she thought to herself with_regretful_tears_clouding_her_eyes．(虚拟语气的倒装句，with复合结构)
③过不了多久，天就会黑得完全看不出我身在何处了。
Soon_it_might_be_too_dark_to_tell_where_I_was．(简单句)
④我没有手电筒，没有电话。如果我找不到回去的路怎么办？
I_had_no_flashlight，no_phone．What_if_I_couldn't_find_my_way_back (简单句)
⑤想了一会儿后，她筋疲力尽，爬上一块儿大石头，躺了下来，很快睡着了。
After_thinking_for_a_while，she_became_so_exhausted_that_she_climbed_up_onto_a_big_rock，lay_down_and_fell_fast_asleep．(so...that 状语从句，一连串的动作)
⑥简醒来时天已经亮了。
It_was_daybreak_when_Jane_woke_up．
⑦尽管很沮丧，她挣扎着站了起来，希望找到走出森林的路。
Although_depressed，she struggled to her feet，hoping_to_find_her_way_out_of_the_forest．(状语从句的省略句，现在分词作状语)
课时分层作业(三十九)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
(2022·苏锡常镇四市教学情况调研)
A human heart is so much more than an organ．No one says he left his pancreas (胰腺) in San Francisco，for example，or that two kidneys (肾脏) beat as one．Yet most of us believe that two hearts can beat as one，and that the heart reveals our real emotions．Now there's some evidence that such folk_wisdom is true．
When people listen to the same story—each alone in their own home—their heart rates rise and fall together，according to a new study published last month in Cell Reports．Professor Lucas Perra，a senior author of the study，said，“It's the story that drives the heart．”
This finding corresponds with a mountain of research showing that our brains synchronize (同步) when we interact in the same location or participate in the same activity．The new study goes one step further; it tests whether our heart rates become synchronized while we are taking in the same narrative—even though we're not in the same room nor even listening at the same time as other listeners．
Marcel Proust wrote at the turn of the 20th century，“The heart does not lie．” Data tells us much the same: The heart's connection with the brain is so tight that when we hear the same story，our heart rates synchronize．Subjects in the same group produced synchronized heart rate patterns that rose and fell at roughly the same times during the narrative．
“The results are heartwarming，”said Prof．Perra．“Heart rate correlation (关联) between subjects does not require them to actually be interactive or even be in the same place．It's not the interaction between people but the story itself that does the trick．”
The point，he said，is that when we listen to the same radio program or watch the same TV show，our hearts beat together，showing that “we're not alone”．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，在听同样的故事时，人们的心率会大致相同，即使听者不在同一个房间或者同样的时间，也会拥有同样频率的心跳。
1．What does the underlined expression “folk wisdom” refer to in the first paragraph
A．Kidneys beat like hearts．
B．Hearts are important organs．
C．A human heart conveys feelings．
D．Organs have close links with emotions．
C [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Yet most of us...our real emotions．”可知，大部分人认为心灵揭示我们真实的情感。]
2．What can we learn from the new study in Cell Reports
A．People like listening to the same story in separate places．
B．Humans' brains synchronize when driven by different stories．
C．People tested in the same group have the same heart rates．
D．The same story can make listeners have the same heart rates．
D [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话中的“When people listen...and fall together”可知，同样的故事能使听者有同样的心率。]
3．What's the author's purpose of writing this article
A．To report a research finding．
B．To argue against an opinion．
C．To tell readers a moving story．
D．To call for immediate action．
A [写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现：人的心脏不仅仅是一个器官，还能反映人的情感。据此可知，本文旨在介绍一项新的研究发现。]
(2022·保定市一模)
A new UN report is set to reveal that up to 1 million species face extinction because of human actions．We are causing a mass extinction event，and critically we cannot separate one environmental crisis from another．Biodiversity loss cannot be separated from climate change，or from human population growth or pollution or plastics in our oceans．These challenges are all interconnected．If we continue to consider these problems separately，solutions will continue to emerge far too slowly．
The connections between these crises make solutions seem all too difficult．But in fact，a solution to one problem will inevitably make a positive impact on many others too．More than 28，000 people are dying because of polluted air each year in Britain and air pollution is linked to psychotic(精神病的) experiences and a reduction in educational achievement．It's not rocket science: improving air quality in our cities by cutting polluting vehicles will bring a vast range of benefits to human health，and help deal with climate change too．
George Monbiot advocates taking land out of food production and rewilding it．This will not only boost biodiversity enormously but will also deal with global warming because those rewilded，rewetted lands will capture significantly more carbon．If these lands are also opened up for us to enjoy，our physical and mental health will flourish．Thus we repair the ecology of destruction．
It can be difficult to know what we can do as individuals—but at least we all possess an increased understanding of how farming，consumption and energy use impact upon the planet．If everyone makes a small change，that will make a difference to our planet．
We're not struggling to find ideas to solve problems either globally or locally．It's action that we're lacking，in government and beyond，as individuals and together as a species．If we act now we may be surprised at how these seemingly vast problems decrease quicker than we imagine．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了环境污染、物种灭绝、人口增长和气候变化之间的紧密联系。因此，人类应该立刻采取行动保护环境。
4．What does the first paragraph mainly tell us
A．The age of mass extinction has arrived．
B．Environmental crises are interrelated．
C．Humans are to blame for mass extinction．
D．Environmental crises should be solved separately．
B [段落大意题。第一段首句引入话题，从第二句中的“we cannot separate one environmental crisis from another”、第三句的“cannot be separated from”、第四句的“all interconnected”可知，第一段主要讲到了各种生态危机都是密切关联的，最后一句也告诉我们不能孤立地思考问题，故选B项。]
5．Why are rewilded lands beneficial to controlling global warming
A．They attract tourists．
B．They provide habitat for birds．
C．They take in carbon．
D．They boost biodiversity．
C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“because those rewilded，rewetted lands will capture significantly more carbon”可知，“恢复自然地貌的土地”之所以有助于控制全球变暖是因为它们可以吸收更多碳，故C项正确。]
6．What does the author call on people to do
A．Take action now．
B．Find a better idea．
C．Cooperate with others．
D．Turn to the government．
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It's action that we're lacking...If we act now...than we imagine．”可以看出，作者认为人们缺乏的是行动，因此，作者呼吁人们立刻行动起来，故A项正确。]
7．Where does this text probably come from
A．A news report．
B．A scientific journal．
C．A climate handbook．
D．A biology textbook．
B [文章出处题。本文以“A new UN report”引入话题，充分利用有效论据，层层推进，逻辑缜密，语言正式而严肃，符合科学说明类文章的特点，因此，本文应是出自科学杂志，故B项正确。]
(2022·长春市普通高中质监)
In the world of water ，2021 was another year for the record books．Parts of Western Europe suffered from deadly floods while large areas of the southwestern United States remained locked in a massive drought．
One might think that our impressive water management would safeguard society from such catastrophic events．Yet when it comes to water，the past is no longer a good guide for the future and most of the water engineering is unprepared for consequences of increasingly occurring extreme weather．One of the most alarming wake up calls came from the city of Cape Town，where the water taps of 4 million residents were nearly forced to be shut off during the severe drought because its reservoir (水库) dried up．
Appealing as it might be，the solution is not to further build bigger and higher dams (水坝) that often result in more disastrous flooding．Instead，it is to work more with natural processes．
The Netherlands avoided major damage from the historic floods in July 2021 thanks to its recently completed project，which gives rivers room to spread out by redirecting floodwaters into wetlands，lowering parts of the rivers by more than a foot．Agricultural practices offer another strategy．Scientists have found that boosting organic matter in the soil by 1% can increase the soil's water holding capacity by up to 18，000 gallons per acre，creating flexibility to both the rainy and dry periods．This means farmland practices such as the planting of cover crops can not only raise output but improve water management．
Solutions don't come easily，but they are key to a livable future．While it's too late to avoid the impacts of climate change，we can avoid the worst of those impacts by investing more in such nature based water solutions．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。开普敦水灾警示人们，水利工程无法应付极端天气下的水灾。荷兰将洪水引到湿地，利用自然的力量，避免了灾害。科学家们发现，提高土壤中有机物的含量能增加土壤的蓄水能力，这意味着农田制度不仅可以提高产量还能改善水管理。
8．Cape Town is mentioned to show________．
A．the reservoir was of no use
B．new water management is in need
C．how awful it was without tap water
D．the existing water management is impressive
B [推理判断题。通读第二段可知，该段第二句说明过去的管理方法无法应对极端天气；尾句提及开普敦水库干涸导致400万居民受影响。据此可知，提及开普敦旨在说明我们需要新的水管理方法。]
9．What can we learn from paragraph 4
A．The Netherlands was spared from food damage．
B．The river's water level was reduced to over a foot．
C．Improving soil's water holding ability is practical．
D．Planting crops boosts organisms at the cost of production．
C [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Scientists have found...improve water management．”可知，科学家们发现，将土壤中的有机物增加1%，土壤的蓄水能力就能增加到每英亩18 000加仑，这意味着种植覆盖作物等做法不仅可以提高产量，还可以改善水管理。据此可知，提高土壤蓄水能力是可行的管理方案。]
10．Which of the following water projects might win the author's favor
① “Restoring Healthy Soil”
② “Filling Wetlands”
③ “Strengthening Dams”
④ “Making Room for Rivers”
A．①② B．②③
C．③④ D．①④
D [推理判断题。通读第四段可知，该段提出了两种新的水管理方法：一是泄洪法，将洪水引到湿地，二是增加土壤有机物，提高土壤的蓄水能力。据此可以推知，①④可能会获得作者的支持。]
11．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Water Disasters：Ways Out of Control
B．Investment in Water：A Key to the Future
C．Nature based Solutions：Ways Out for Water
D．Good News：Farming Practices Working Well
C [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是第三段尾句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了两个利用自然进行水管理的方法：将洪水引到湿地和增加土壤有机物的含量。故C项最适合作本文标题。]
Ⅱ．完形填空
(2022·潍坊市高考模拟)
I once coached volleyball for a group of kids for the Special Olympics．One particular Tuesday night，after warming up，the kids began their __1__．Brian was sitting in the __2__ by himself，as usual，__3__ between watching the other kids and resting his head on his knees．
His family __4__ greatly with what they referred to as his “condition”．__5__， this caused him a lot of anger and sadness．With a __6__ ability to fully understand and deal with the negativity in his life，Brian often __7__ and wouldn't communicate with others．Working with Brian each week，I knew I had to be __8__．
On this particular Tuesday night，as I had done so many times before，I simply told him that we'd love to have him __9__ us，and made my way to the place where the other kids were．
As the volleyball lesson __10__， I saw Brian come out of his corner and moving closer，__11__ in the fun the other kids were having．Hesitantly，he __12__me and asked if he could play．On this night，Brian had finally decided to move past his __13__ and take part in the fun．
At the end of that Tuesday night，as I watched Brian and the other kids leave the volleyball court __14__，I knew that I was making at least a small __15__ in these kids' lives．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在担任儿童排球教练时，通过自己的努力，帮助一个名叫Brian的孩子打开心结，并使他融入团体之中。
1．A．discussions B．studies
C．moves D．preparations
C [根据上文中的“I once coached...the Special Olympics．”可知，作者是排球教练。再结合语境和常识可知，此处指热身后，孩子们开始了他们的活动。]
2．A．chair B．corner
C．darkness D．crowd
B [根据第四段中的“I saw Brian come out of his corner”可以推知，Brian喜欢坐在角落里。]
3．A．exploring B．comparing
C．emerging D．alternating
D [根据下文中的“Brian often ________ and wouldn't communicate with others．”可以推知，Brian不愿与他人交流，所以在他人进行活动时，他并不参与其中，而是时而看其他孩子，时而把头放在膝盖上。alternate“(使)交替”符合语境。]
4．A．struggled B．competed
C．agreed D．integrated
A [根据上文中的“Brian was sitting in...head on his knees．”可知，Brian的状态一直不好，不愿与他人交流，据此可以推知，他的家人与他的这种情况进行了斗争。]
5．A．Naturally B．Obviously
C．Literally D．Unfortunately
D [根据下文中的“this caused him a lot of anger and sadness”可知，这给他带来了气愤和悲伤。所以空处应表示“不幸地”。]
6．A．limited B．unique
C．remarkable D．permanent
A [根据下文中的“Brian often ________ and wouldn't communicate with others．”可知，Brian不愿与他人沟通，由此可推断他处理生活中的消极情绪的能力有限。limited“有限的”；unique“独特的”；remarkable“非凡的”；permanent“永恒的”。]
7．A．looked down B．shut down
C．slowed down D．calmed down
B [根据本句中的“wouldn't communicate with others”可知，Brian经常将自己封闭起来，不和其他人交流。]
8．A．strict B．accurate
C．patient D．efficient
C [根据上文中的“With a...communicate with others”可知，Brian不愿与他人沟通，并且完全理解和处理生活中的消极情绪的能力有限；所以此处指作者知道自己对他应该有耐心一些。]
9．A．join B．help
C．choose D．support
A [根据上文中的“Brian often...with others”可以推知，Brian不愿与他人交流，所以这里作者是想让Brian加入团体中。]
10．A．ceased B．started
C．suspended D．progressed
D [根据下文中的“in the fun...he could play”可以推知，在上着排球课时作者看见Brian从角落里出来了。]
11．A．hidden B．engaged
C．interested D．involved
C [根据下文中的“Hesitantly，he...he could play．”可知，Brian询问作者他是否也能玩。据此可以推知，Brian对这个活动很感兴趣。]
12．A．excited B．hugged
C．approached D．encountered
C [根据上文中的“I saw Brian come...moving closer”可知，Brian离作者有一段距离。据此可知，他应该是靠近作者然后再询问作者。]
13．A．anger B．fear
C．pride D．doubt
A [根据第二段中的“this caused him a lot of anger and sadness”可知，这给他带来了很多愤怒和悲伤。据此可以推知，Brian最终决定放下自己的愤怒。]
14．A．behind B．together
C．fast D．late
B [根据上文中的“On this night...take part in the fun．”可知，在这天晚上，Brian终于决定放下他的愤怒，参与到活动中来。据此可以推知，Brian已经能主动融入团体中，与别人开始交流，所以此处应该是Brian和其他孩子一同离开排球场。]
15．A．contribution B．promise
C．chance D．difference
D [根据第一段中的“Brian was sitting in...head on his knees．”以及第四段中的“On this night，Brian had...take part in the fun．”可知，作者通过努力使之前一直不愿与他人交流、常常坐在角落里的Brian开始融入团体中。由此推知，作者知道自己至少正在对这些孩子的生活产生小的影响。make a difference意为“有影响”。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作
(2022·潍坊市高中学科核心素养测试)
上周末，你校组织了春季运动会，请你为校英文报写一篇短文，介绍本次活动，内容包括：
1．赛前氛围；
2．比赛场面；
3．个人感受。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
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【参考范文】
Last weekend，a spring sports meeting was organized in our school on a sunny day．
Early in the morning，teachers and students gathered on the playground，all in high spirits．During the competition，the athletes went all out to win the championship．Tired as they were，they never quit．Meanwhile，the audience cheered them on．All of us were immersed in the intense atmosphere and the sea of joy．
Not only did this sports meeting build us up and enhance our sense of team honor，but it left us fond memories that would never fade．
