(共57张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修三册
Unit 4 Everyday economics
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2022·深圳市调研测试)With that, he got up from his chair, pushed it over, and yelled some dirty words to me．
2．(心理描写)(2022·孝感市联考)When we reached the school, I just couldn't believe my eyes．
3．(景物描写)(2022·湖北省部分重点中学联考)The wind was very strong, the storm clouds were dark, and the sky had turned a terrible green．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·株洲市质量检测)Roger was filled with excitement as his mother told him his grandfather was on his way over．He always had fun together with his grandfather who once drummed in a band．They could make the whole house shake with their joyful music．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing ________(sunrise)，the whole experience was amazing．
2．(2021·全国甲卷)We _____(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate．My bike was old and shaky but did the job．
3．(2020·江苏卷)On the other hand，they burned slightly more ________(calorie)，on average，during the workout after breakfast than after fasting．
sunrises
hired
calories
核
心
单
词
检
测 4．It has been the _______(mild) winter since records began in this region．
5．Around 13，500 new jobs were created during the period，_________(exceed) the expected number of 12，000 held by market analysts．
mildest
exceeding
派生单词检测 1．He was so __________ that he cried with anger and ___________．In fact，it's healthier to release __________ feeling than to bottle it up．(frustrate)
2．The Red Cross is ____________ food and clothing to the refugees now．The ____________ of food and clothing helps them go through difficulties．(distribute)
frustrated
frustration
frustrated
distributing
distribution
派生单词检测 3．She ___________ a large fortune after years of hard work，and the ____________ process was full of bitterness．(accumulate)
4．Now he is in _________ difficulties so he is still ___________ dependent on her parents．(finance)
5．The teacher ______ us through all the important points and we got fully prepared under the ________ of her before the exam．(guide)
accumulated
accumulation
financial
financially
guided
guidance
高频短语检测 as to，start out，make ends meet，interfere with，at rock bottom prices，at the expense of，be subject to
1．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Many of their families were struggling to ______________．
2．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Too often，when you stand up to give a speech，you focus on the “public” _________________ the “speaking”．
make ends meet
at the expense of
高频短语检测 3．You can get this kind of mobile phones ___________________．
4．She never allows her personal feelings to ______________ her work．
5．His expressionless face gave her no clue _____ what he was thinking．
at rock bottom prices
interfere with
as to
重点句式检测 1．年轻一代足够幸运可以去体验共享经济。(be＋adj．＋to do)
The young generation _____________________________ the sharing economy．
2．不管你同意与否，我都要独自去那里。(whether引导让步状语从句)
________________________，I will go there alone．
is lucky enough to experience
Whether you agree or not
重点句式检测 3．一些植物对温度如此敏感以至于它们只能在凉爽的地方存活，这是自然界常有的事。(as引导非限制性定语从句)
______________________________，some plants are so sensitive to temperature that they can only survive in cool places．
As is often the case in nature
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 potential [课本义]n．(事物的)潜力，可能性 [增补义]adj．潜在的，可能的
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·天津5月卷)History has the potential ________(break) down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us．
to break
②People who do not smoke have less potential ___ suffering from lung cancer than those who smoke．
③A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could ___________(potential) benefit many countries．
for
potentially
完美写作——记叙文佳句
④As a good teacher，she uses different ways to __________________________________________________(鼓励她的学生发挥他们的全部潜力)．
encourage her students
to realize/achieve their full potential
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?the potential for (doing) sth．(做)某事的可能性/潜在性
?the potential to do sth．做某事的潜力
?realise/achieve one's (full) potential 发挥某人的(全部)潜力
?potentially adv．潜在地，可能地
语料输入——必备素材
?have the potential to become a world class musician 有潜力成为世界级的音乐家
?maximize our potential for economic growth 最大限度发挥经济增长的潜力
?a potentially harmful drug 可能有害的药品
2 sorrow[课本义]n．令人悲伤的事，不幸 [增补义]n．悲伤；悲痛
练中回想——语法填空
①The whole nation was __ deep sorrow at the death of this great man．
②Much __ my sorrow，I can't go to the party because I have something else to do．
in
to
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
③Real friends are those ___________________________________(能与你同甘共苦的人)．
who can share your joys and sorrows
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?(much) to one's sorrow 令某人(十分)伤心的是
?in sorrow 悲伤地
?sorrowful adj．悲伤的；悲痛的
语料输入——必备素材
?love and hate，joy and sorrow，life and death 爱与恨、喜与悲、生与死
?more in sorrow than in anger 悲哀多于愤怒
3 expense n．费用，花费
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·浙江卷) From age 14，he worked．And his dad，Albert，took the money my dad earned and used it to pay family ________(expense)．
②If the computer should break down within the first year，we would repair it __ our expense．
expenses
at
完美写作——应用文佳句
③Nowadays more and more people have come to realise the fact that we shouldn't develop economy _________________________________(以牺牲环境为代价)．
at the expense of the environment
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?at the expense of 以……为代价
?at sb．'s expense 由某人付钱；由某人负担费用
?at huge/great expense 花一大笔费用
?spare no expense 不惜代价
?expensive adj．昂贵的
语料输入——必备素材
?living/medical expenses 生活/医疗费用
?at the expense of one's health 以健康为代价
4 start out 开始从事，着手进行；出发；打算
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·天津卷) Most of Anneke's students start ___ thinking they're not creative and can't draw．
②The show started ____ a piece of music familiar to people in their fifties．
out
with
完美写作——应用文佳句
③_____________(首先)，it is the primary task to study hard rather than stay addicted to phone games．
To start with
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?start off 使开始；使(某人)发作
?start up 创立；组建；启动；发动
?start with(＝begin with) 以……开始
?to start with(＝to begin with)首先，起初
语料输入——必备素材
?start out to write a short story 打算写一篇短篇小说
?start up the engine 发动引擎
5 [教材原句]Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock bottom prices，or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days，it's out there．Whether we're a lender or a borrower，it's a win win situation ...
无论是我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。无论我们是出租者还是租用者，这都是一个双赢的局面……
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·浙江卷)If you ever get the impression that your dog can“tell”whether you look content __ annoyed，you may be onto something．
②(2020·江苏卷)It is not a problem _______ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time．
③It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash __ credit card in this store．
or
whether
or
完美写作——应用文佳句
④Cleaners have to work all day on the street ___________________________________________________(无论是阳光暴晒还是天降大雪)．
whether the sun shines
strongly or it snows heavily
练后归纳——句法分析
?whether...or...表示“无论是……还是……，不管是……还是……”， 既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
?whether还可用于whether...or not/whether or not ...结构。
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
All people，whether they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster．
所有人，无论年老或年少、贫穷或富有，自从灾害以来都一直努力帮助需要帮助的人们。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically _________(expense) sixth floor apartment the size of a cupboard．
2．The new drug has the potential _______(save) stroke victims from death．
expensive
to save
3．The good tempered man wore a _________(sorrow) expression when reading the poem．
4．We will spare no expense __________(protect) our country from being invaded．
5．Lead is ___________(potential) damaging to children's health．
6．________(start) with，as a native Chinese speaker，I'm fluent in English as well as Chinese．
sorrowful
to protect
potentially
To start
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．We were taken out for a meal __ the company's expense．
2．So long as you try your best，it doesn't matter _______ you win or not．
3．We planned to start ___ at dawn，but the sudden rain ruined our plan．
4．Thinking of the days，when he was looked down upon as a poor peasant，he was __ great sorrow．
at
whether
out
in
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·全国乙卷)Provide _________(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples．
2．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)An actor _____(hire) by the researchers grabbed her food first．
financial
hired
3．(2020·北京卷)____________(convention) air pollution monitors are normally fixed on lampposts at about nine feet in the air．
4．With the experience ___________(accumulate) over the years，he ultimately got over the difficulties and attained his goal．
Conventional
accumulated
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．The competitors will be subject __ random drug testing．
2．_____ the guidance of modern science and rational spirit，the human society makes continuous progress．
3．They find the cultures are certainly a world away ____ the ones they read about in their textbooks．
4．Therefore，making some extra money is an option but make sure that it doesn't interfere ____ your studies．
to
Under
from
with
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅱ)As a result，these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks(大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space．_
A．无表情的，木然的
B．空白的，无字迹的
C．没有声音或图像的
B
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers．_
A．不浓烈的，淡的
B．和善的；随和的
C．暖和的；温暖的
C
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste，whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat，” Curtin says．
化繁为简引号中是复合句，句子的主干是Everyone can play a part in reducing waste，whether ...or 引导____________，其中you won't eat是省略了that的________，修饰先行词the side dish。
[尝试翻译]“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不提供你不吃的配菜，”科廷说。
让步状语从句
定语从句
2．(2020·天津5月卷)Making the skies electric isn't just good for the environment; it also makes sound financial sense: a small aircraft uses $400 on conventional fuel for a 100 mile flight，while an electric one costs $8－12 for the same distance，and that's before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine．
化繁为简分号连接两个并列分句，冒号后面解释说明makes sound financial sense，其中and
连接两个________，and前的并列分句本身是一个并列句，通过并列连词while连接，后面的并列分句中before引导________。
[尝试翻译]在空运中使用电能不仅有益于环境，而且非常经济实惠：一架小型飞机使用传统燃料飞行100英里花费400美元，然而一架电动飞机同样的距离花费8至12美元，而且还不包括传统发动机高昂的维修费用。
并列分句
表语从句
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Mary，chairwoman of cosmetics manufacturing company suddenly felt dizzy during a meeting，1．____(fall) to the ground，knocked out a big bump on her forehead，unconscious 2．___ was taken to the hospital for rescue．Mary is an 3．____________(enterprise) woman．Since she was hired by the
fell
and
enterprising
company，the company has been open minded and bold in reform．4．_____ her guidance，the company has abandoned the conventional production process，adopted international cutting edge technology，and produced superior cosmetics，5．_____ are deeply loved by customers and distributed to all over the world．The company's financial situation continues to improve．The company，once 6．_______ (heavy) in debt，is now full of vitality，and workers' wages and 7．_______(bonus) are also rising．She also reformed the
Under
which
heavily
bonuses
employment mechanism，refused to discriminate，put competent people in the leading positions，and gave full play to everyone's 8．_____________(intelligent)．As a result，she won the support and love of the staff．Last year，the company started 9．_________(expand) product categories and introduce designer clothes production lines．Her high quality star service of products 10．___________________ (recognise) by customers at home and abroad．
intelligence
to expand
has been recognised
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是校学生会主席李华。为繁荣经济，国家重启地摊经济。请你给校报写封信，发表你对地摊经济的看法。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Editor，
Under the guidance of the government，street stand is gaining its popularity again nationwide．
The advantages of street economy can be listed as follows．Firstly，it will fuel economic growth．Secondly，it also brings more job opportunities to people who make ends meet，avoiding going into debt．Thirdly，people can purchase a range of products even at rock bottom prices．
As for its healthy development，we'd better take the suggestions below into consideration．Firstly，more proper policies and laws should be made．Secondly，government should interfere with the abuse of competition．
Thereby I firmly believe it has the potential to strengthen the economy．
Yours，
Li Hua
环境细节描写
完成下列关于环境细节描写的句子
①薄雾在晨曦中迅速消散。
____________________________________________
②当我拉开窗帘时，阳光倾泻而入。
When I drew back the curtains，_______________________．
The mist melted rapidly in the morning sun．
the sunlight flooded in
③蓝天上白云轻飘，宛如大海里安静的鱼儿在游动。
_________________________________________________________________(比喻)
④湖水在初升太阳的照耀下闪亮如镜，景色迷人。
___________________________________________________________ (比喻)
White clouds flowed in the blue sky like quiet fish swimming in broad
ocean．
The lake shone like glass in the rising sun and looked wonderful．
⑤天黑了。太阳下山了，远处什么也看不见了。
It was dark．________________________________________，making it hard to see anything in the distance．(拟人)
⑥午夜时分，天空变得更加干净，星星也变得更加明亮。万籁俱寂。
At midnight, ______________________________________________．
It was so quiet．(比较级)
The sun hid himself behind the mountains
the sky became clearer and the stars grew brighter续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·深圳市调研测试)With that, he got up from his chair, pushed it over, and yelled some dirty words to me． 2．(心理描写)(2022·孝感市联考)When we reached the school, I just couldn't believe my eyes． 3．(景物描写)(2022·湖北省部分重点中学联考)The wind was very strong, the storm clouds were dark, and the sky had turned a terrible green． (2022·株洲市质量检测)Roger was filled with excitement as his mother told him his grandfather was on his way over．He always had fun together with his grandfather who once drummed in a band．They could make the whole house shake with their joyful music．
核心单词检测 1．(2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises(sunrise)，the whole experience was amazing． 2．(2021·全国甲卷)We hired(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate．My bike was old and shaky but did the job． 3．(2020·江苏卷)On the other hand，they burned slightly more calories(calorie)，on average，during the workout after breakfast than after fasting． 4．It has been the mildest(mild) winter since records began in this region． 5．Around 13，500 new jobs were created during the period，exceeding(exceed) the expected number of 12，000 held by market analysts．
派生单词检测 1．He was so frustrated that he cried with anger and frustration．In fact，it's healthier to release frustrated feeling than to bottle it up．(frustrate) 2．The Red Cross is distributing food and clothing to the refugees now．The distribution of food and clothing helps them go through difficulties．(distribute) 3．She accumulated a large fortune after years of hard work，and the accumulation process was full of bitterness．(accumulate) 4．Now he is in financial difficulties so he is still financially dependent on her parents．(finance) 5．The teacher guided us through all the important points and we got fully prepared under the guidance of her before the exam．(guide)
高频短语检测 as to，start out，make ends meet，interfere with，at rock bottom prices，at the expense of，be subject to
1．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Many of their families were struggling to make_ends_meet． 2．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Too often，when you stand up to give a speech，you focus on the “public” at_the_expense_of the “speaking”． 3．You can get this kind of mobile phones at_rock bottom_prices． 4．She never allows her personal feelings to interfere_with her work． 5．His expressionless face gave her no clue as_to what he was thinking．
重点句式检测 1．年轻一代足够幸运可以去体验共享经济。(be＋adj．＋to do) The young generation is_lucky_enough_to_experience the sharing economy． 2．不管你同意与否，我都要独自去那里。(whether引导让步状语从句) Whether_you_agree_or_not，I will go there alone． 3．一些植物对温度如此敏感以至于它们只能在凉爽的地方存活，这是自然界常有的事。(as引导非限制性定语从句) As_is_often_the_case_in_nature，some plants are so sensitive to temperature that they can only survive in cool places．
1 potential [课本义]n．(事物的)潜力，可能性 [增补义]adj．潜在的，可能的
①(2020·天津5月卷)History has the potential to_break(break) down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us．
②People who do not smoke have less potential for suffering from lung cancer than those who smoke．
③A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially(potential) benefit many countries．
④As a good teacher，she uses different ways to encourage_her_students_to_realize/achieve_their_full_potential(鼓励她的学生发挥他们的全部潜力)．
?the potential for (doing) sth．(做)某事的可能性/潜在性
?the potential to do sth．做某事的潜力
?realise/achieve one's (full) potential 发挥某人的(全部)潜力
?potentially adv．潜在地，可能地
?have the potential to become a world class musician 有潜力成为世界级的音乐家
?maximize our potential for economic growth 最大限度发挥经济增长的潜力
?a potentially harmful drug 可能有害的药品
2 sorrow[课本义]n．令人悲伤的事，不幸 [增补义]n．悲伤；悲痛
①The whole nation was in deep sorrow at the death of this great man．
②Much to my sorrow，I can't go to the party because I have something else to do．
③Real friends are those who_can_share_your_joys_and_sorrows(能与你同甘共苦的人)．
?(much) to one's sorrow 令某人(十分)伤心的是
?in sorrow 悲伤地
?sorrowful adj．悲伤的；悲痛的
?love and hate，joy and sorrow，life and death 爱与恨、喜与悲、生与死
?more in sorrow than in anger 悲哀多于愤怒
3 expense n．费用，花费
①(2021·浙江卷) From age 14，he worked．And his dad，Albert，took the money my dad earned and used it to pay family expenses(expense)．
②If the computer should break down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense．
③Nowadays more and more people have come to realise the fact that we shouldn't develop economy at_the_expense_of_the_environment(以牺牲环境为代价)．
?at the expense of 以……为代价
?at sb．'s expense 由某人付钱；由某人负担费用
?at huge/great expense 花一大笔费用
?spare no expense 不惜代价
?expensive adj．昂贵的
?living/medical expenses 生活/医疗费用
?at the expense of one's health 以健康为代价
4 start out 开始从事，着手进行；出发；打算
①(2021·天津卷) Most of Anneke's students start out thinking they're not creative and can't draw．
②The show started with a piece of music familiar to people in their fifties．
③To_start_with(首先)，it is the primary task to study hard rather than stay addicted to phone games．
?start off 使开始；使(某人)发作
?start up 创立；组建；启动；发动
?start with(＝begin with) 以……开始
?to start with(＝to begin with)首先，起初
?start out to write a short story 打算写一篇短篇小说
?start up the engine 发动引擎
5 [教材原句]Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock bottom prices，or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days，it's out there．Whether we're a lender or a borrower，it's a win win situation ... 无论是我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。无论我们是出租者还是租用者，这都是一个双赢的局面……
①(2021·浙江卷)If you ever get the impression that your dog can“tell”whether you look content or annoyed，you may be onto something．
②(2020·江苏卷)It is not a problem whether we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time．
③It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store．
④Cleaners have to work all day on the street whether_the_sun_shines_strongly_or_it_snows_heavily(无论是阳光暴晒还是天降大雪)．
?whether...or...表示“无论是……还是……，不管是……还是……”， 既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
?whether还可用于whether...or not/whether or not ...结构。
All people，whether they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster．
所有人，无论年老或年少、贫穷或富有，自从灾害以来都一直努力帮助需要帮助的人们。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive(expense) sixth floor apartment the size of a cupboard．
2．The new drug has the potential to_save(save) stroke victims from death．
3．The good tempered man wore a sorrowful(sorrow) expression when reading the poem．
4．We will spare no expense to_protect(protect) our country from being invaded．
5．Lead is potentially(potential) damaging to children's health．
6．To_start(start) with，as a native Chinese speaker，I'm fluent in English as well as Chinese．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．We were taken out for a meal at the company's expense．
2．So long as you try your best，it doesn't matter whether you win or not．
3．We planned to start out at dawn，but the sudden rain ruined our plan．
4．Thinking of the days，when he was looked down upon as a poor peasant，he was in great sorrow．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2021·全国乙卷)Provide financial(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples．
2．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)An actor hired(hire) by the researchers grabbed her food first．
3．(2020·北京卷)Conventional(convention) air pollution monitors are normally fixed on lampposts at about nine feet in the air．
4．With the experience accumulated(accumulate) over the years，he ultimately got over the difficulties and attained his goal．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．The competitors will be subject to random drug testing．
2．Under the guidance of modern science and rational spirit，the human society makes continuous progress．
3．They find the cultures are certainly a world away from the ones they read about in their textbooks．
4．Therefore，making some extra money is an option but make sure that it doesn't interfere with your studies．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅱ)As a result，these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks(大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space．B
A．无表情的，木然的
B．空白的，无字迹的
C．没有声音或图像的
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers．C
A．不浓烈的，淡的
B．和善的；随和的
C．暖和的；温暖的
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste，whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat，” Curtin says．
引号中是复合句，句子的主干是Everyone can play a part in reducing waste，whether ...or 引导让步状语从句，其中you won't eat是省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词the side dish。
[尝试翻译]“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不提供你不吃的配菜，”科廷说。
2．(2020·天津5月卷)Making the skies electric isn't just good for the environment; it also makes sound financial sense: a small aircraft uses $400 on conventional fuel for a 100 mile flight，while an electric one costs $8－12 for the same distance，and that's before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine．
分号连接两个并列分句，冒号后面解释说明makes sound financial sense，其中and
连接两个并列分句，and前的并列分句本身是一个并列句，通过并列连词while连接，后面的并列分句中before引导表语从句。
[尝试翻译]在空运中使用电能不仅有益于环境，而且非常经济实惠：一架小型飞机使用传统燃料飞行100英里花费400美元，然而一架电动飞机同样的距离花费8至12美元，而且还不包括传统发动机高昂的维修费用。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Mary，chairwoman of cosmetics manufacturing company suddenly felt dizzy during a meeting，1．fell(fall) to the ground，knocked out a big bump on her forehead，unconscious 2．and was taken to the hospital for rescue．Mary is an 3．enterprising(enterprise) woman．Since she was hired by the company，the company has been open minded and bold in reform．4．Under her guidance，the company has abandoned the conventional production process，adopted international cutting edge technology，and produced superior cosmetics，5．which are deeply loved by customers and distributed to all over the world．The company's financial situation continues to improve．The company，once 6．heavily (heavy) in debt，is now full of vitality，and workers' wages and 7．bonuses(bonus) are also rising．She also reformed the employment mechanism，refused to discriminate，put competent people in the leading positions，and gave full play to everyone's 8．intelligence_(intelligent)．As a result，she won the support and love of the staff．Last year，the company started 9．to_expand(expand) product categories and introduce designer clothes production lines．Her high quality star service of products 10．has_been_recognised (recognise) by customers at home and abroad．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是校学生会主席李华。为繁荣经济，国家重启地摊经济。请你给校报写封信，发表你对地摊经济的看法。
注意：词数80左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
Dear Editor，
Under the guidance of the government，street stand is gaining its popularity again nationwide．
The advantages of street economy can be listed as follows．Firstly，it will fuel economic growth．Secondly，it also brings more job opportunities to people who make ends meet，avoiding going into debt．Thirdly，people can purchase a range of products even at rock bottom prices．
As for its healthy development，we'd better take the suggestions below into consideration．Firstly，more proper policies and laws should be made．Secondly，government should interfere with the abuse of competition．
Thereby I firmly believe it has the potential to strengthen the economy．
Yours，
Li Hua
环境细节描写
完成下列关于环境细节描写的句子
①薄雾在晨曦中迅速消散。
The_mist_melted_rapidly_in_the_morning_sun．
②当我拉开窗帘时，阳光倾泻而入。
When I drew back the curtains，the_sunlight_flooded_in．
③蓝天上白云轻飘，宛如大海里安静的鱼儿在游动。
White_clouds_flowed_in_the_blue_sky_like_quiet_fish_swimming_in_broad_ocean．(比喻)
④湖水在初升太阳的照耀下闪亮如镜，景色迷人。
The_lake_shone_like_glass_in_the_rising_sun_and_looked_wonderful．(比喻)
⑤天黑了。太阳下山了，远处什么也看不见了。
It was dark．The_sun_hid_himself_behind_the_mountains，making it hard to see anything in the distance．(拟人)
⑥午夜时分，天空变得更加干净，星星也变得更加明亮。万籁俱寂。
At midnight, the_sky_became_clearer_and_the_stars_grew_brighter．It was so quiet．(比较级)
课时分层作业(四十)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2022·洛阳市第一次统考)
Do we still need cash The days of holding notes in our hands may be numbered．The advancement of technology and the increase of new electronic and mobile devices in today's world are set to revolutionize how we make payments．With a click of a mobile phone app，our entire wealth is literally at our fingertips．As digital forms are increasingly replacing cash payments，some think that we should become fully cash free．However，I do not believe we should move towards a completely cash free society．
One of the main concerns of a cashless world is the risk of a cheat and ridiculously，the inconvenience that follows．The instant content that accompanies cashless transactions (交易) could be compromised by online security issues．Technology experts argue that our current state of technology is unable to provide a secure cashless environment that could prevent people from accessing the system illegally and abusing the personal data．In addition，many online shopping sites lack strong systems that would protect their customers' personal information．Occasionally，when an account is “locked” due to a suspected cheating activity，having cash in hand becomes critical．In a cashless society，a victim of cheating would find himself locked out of his account and unable to have access to his money until the case is solved．Going cash free causes great inconvenience in this case．
Another reason is that mankind might potentially become less thrifty(节俭的)．Paying in cash causes psychological pain on consumers so that they are more cautious in their spending．As it is，cashless payments have already eased that pain somewhat．Thus，an even more careless digital payment could make us much less thrifty．
The idea of a cashless society is a very real，or even an exciting one．However，to safeguard the interests of all users，it is better to soften our enthusiasm—perhaps to be a less cash society rather than a completely cashless one is a better option．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。随着技术的进步，虽然手机支付取代了现金支付，但不用现金的社会仍存在一些不安全和不方便的因素，如增加了诈骗风险、人们不再那么节俭等。
1．How can cashless payments benefit people according to the author
A．They can warn people of risks．
B．They can remind people of mistakes．
C．They can reduce psychological pain．
D．They can make life convenient．
C [细节理解题。根据第三段的第二、三句“Paying in cash...that pain somewhat．”可知，用现金支付会给消费者带来心理上的痛苦，而无现金支付已经在一定程度上缓解了这种痛苦。]
2．What's the second reason the author tells to support his idea
A．The risk of a cheat．
B．The inconvenience．
C．The lack of safety．
D．The desire to purchase things．
B [细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“One of the main...inconvenience that follows．”可知，无现金的世界令人担忧的主要问题之一是诈骗的风险，以及随之而来的不方便。据此可知，“不方便”是作者不支持不用现金支付的第二个理由。]
3．What's the best title for the passage
A．Going Against the Cashless Wave
B．Going Completely Cashless Is True
C．Stopping Moving towards Being Cashless
D．We Do Not Need Cash Any Longer
A [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段尾句“However，I do not believe...cash free society．”为全文主旨句，再结合下文内容可知，本文旨在介绍作者反对完全不用现金支付的观点和理由。故A项最适合作为本文标题。]
4．The passage is mainly developed by________．
A．giving examples
B．analyzing causes
C．making introductions
D．examining differences
B [推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文首段尾句提出本文观点：不支持完全不用现金支付。接着第二段首句提出两个理由：不安全和不方便。第三段首句提出另一个原因：不使用现金支付让人们不再那么节俭。据此可知，本文是通过分析原因来行文的。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2022·开封市模拟考试)
Being a young adult has got to be one of the most difficult times in a person's life．You're at a stage when you don't feel like a child anymore and you aren't ready to take up all the responsibilities that adulthood brings with it either．__1__
Need to express
At this stage，there is a need for expression of thoughts and feelings．But they don't understand that this need to express themselves and can't be used in whichever way they want，but has to be used with caution．__2__
Need to be an independent adult
__3__There is a need to be an independent adult，yes，but they haven't learned the ropes of it yet and therefore when parents try to discipline them，they want to oppose their parents and put forth their rights as adults．Therefore，they often go through the “no one understands me” stage，which can lead to many problems like anger and frustration．
Need for acceptance
In addition，being part of a group and developing healthy relationships and getting acceptance from them are of prime importance to young adults．__4__When these things happen，they often get into a self pitying mode．
Need to succeed
There is an innate need to stand on their own feet．__5__If there is any hurdle on that path，it leads to varied psychological problems like stress，depression，and anger．
These are some of young adults' emotional problems．If you've been faced with them，seek help and treat them．
A．This is where the problems of discipline arise．
B．Therefore，don't ignore these emotional needs．
C．And they want to prove themselves to the world．
D．But there are also misunderstandings and conflicts in a group．
E．So there will be varied emotional issues that can trouble a young adult．
F．They therefore find it difficult to deal with the pressure of mincing their words (直言不讳)．
G．Now that you know what some problems of young adults can be，it'll help you be prepared．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。年轻人在从青少年到成年人过渡的阶段会面临很多烦恼和问题。本文就这些烦恼和问题进行了详细描述。
1．E [结合本空的位置和文章结构可知，本空引出下文的内容，又结合下文四个小标题可知，本文主要讲述了年轻人需要做的一些事情，因此E项“所以，会有各种各样的情感问题来困扰年轻人”承上启下，符合语境。]
2．F [结合本段的小标题“Need to express”可知，本段主要讲述了与表达相关的话题，F项中的“mincing their words”明显与表达相关，故F项“因此他们发现难以处理直言不讳的压力”承接上句。]
3．A [根据空后的内容可知，年轻人还没有学会如何成为独立的成年人，因此会反抗父母的管教，并且进入了“没有人能理解我”的阶段，因此，此段主要讲在成为独立的成年人方面会涉及管教问题。故A项符合语境。]
4．D [根据本段小标题“Need for acceptance”和空后一句“When these...a self pitying mode．”可知，空处应该会讲到不被接纳的问题，故D项“但小组内部也有误解和冲突”符合语境。]
5．C [本段小标题是“Need to succeed”，且空前一句讲到了他们内心有独立站起来的迫切要求，因此，空处应该会进一步阐述站起来的迫切要求的体现，故C项“并且他们想向全世界证明自己”符合语境。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2022·长春市高三质量监测)
Covering 7 million square kilometers of jungle and the river over eight countries，the Amazon rainforest is home to millions of sorts of plants and animals，some of 1．________are still being discovered today．It's also the world's 2．________(large) supplier of oxygen and is a treasure chest of medical 3．________ (researcher) who are experimenting with different plants in the hope of finding cures for certain diseases．4．________，the world is at the risk of losing this rich rainforest because of deforestation (滥伐森林) 5．________ (cause) by the actions of farmers，loggers and settlers．
The Amazon Basin 6．________(lose) 20% of its rainforest since 1970．Cattle farmers have 7．________(continuous) cleared the land for cows 8．________(eat) on and crop farmers have begun slash and burn (刀耕火种)，a farming method that involves cutting down forests and burning the land to make 9．______suitable for agricultural purposes．Loggers have been cutting down the trees for timber (木材)，further decreasing its size．
With the destruction of the Amazon rainforest，global warming becomes more of a threat．It is up to each individual to fight against the 10．________(disappear) of the Amazon rainforest by making the world know something about this environmental disaster．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。被称为“地球之肺”“绿色心脏”的亚马孙雨林因被砍伐和开荒而遭到破坏。
1．which [考查定语从句关系词。空前讲到了亚马孙雨林是数百万动物和植物的家园，其中一些动植物至今仍在被发现和研究。分析句子结构可知，此句的谓语动词分别是is和are being discovered，故空处为引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词plants and animals，故填which。]
2．largest [考查形容词最高级。根据空前的“the world's”和常识可知，亚马孙雨林是世界上最大的天然氧吧。故此处应用形容词最高级。故填largest。]
3．researchers [考查名词复数。根据空后的“are”可知，此处应用可数名词的复数形式。故填researchers。]
4．However [考查副词。空前讲述亚马孙雨林的功能和作用，空后讲述地球正在失去这个富饶的雨林，故前后含有转折关系。故填However。]
5．caused [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此句谓语动词是is，故此空应用非谓语动词。因空处与deforestation之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填caused。]
6．has lost [考查时态。根据空后的“since 1970”可知，此处谓语动词应用现在完成时。故填has lost。]
7．continuously [考查词性转换。修饰谓语动词have cleared应用副词。故填continuously。]
8．to eat [考查非谓语动词。此句谓语动词是have cleared，故此空应用非谓语动词。因表达目的，故应用不定式作目的状语。故填to eat。]
9．it [考查代词。此处表达的是农民伐林焚烧使土地适宜农耕。指代the land，应用代词it。故填it。]
10．disappearance [考查词性转换。空前是冠词，空后是介词，此空应填名词。此处表达的是通过让世界了解这一环境灾难，共同对抗亚马孙雨林的消失。故填disappearance。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·石家庄市高中毕业班教学质量检测一)
They'd been planning this forever．From her birth, most likely．Mya's mother, Helena loved hosting parties．And Aunt Beatrice loved birthdays．Together, they'd make her Sweet Sixteen a hundred times bigger, bolder, and brighter than it needed to be．They selected a theme every year and stuck to it．Her fourteenth had been the “Snow White” and her ninth had been the “Frozen”．They never told her what the theme was the day before．She'd just wake up on the morning of her birthday，a brand new birthday outfit laid neatly on her dresser (an outfit related to the theme, of course) and she would open her door to see the adventure that lay ahead of her that day．
Mya had a few guesses as to what this year's theme would be．A play on the words “Sweet Sixteen” was likely—a candy themed party, perhaps But she'd had a baking party a few years ago, and Helena was anything but repetitive．Mya didn't have any interest in cars, so she doubted a sports car party was on the menu．She'd tried to look through her mother's purchase history online, but her mother had been careful enough to delete everything recent．So the only clue left was the birthday outfit she would receive the next morning．
On May 1st, Mya woke．The bright sunlight enabled her eyes to open and she loved the day that her birthday took place．It was always nice out on May 1st and it never rained．This morning was no different than her previous birthdays．She sat up in her bed and looked to her dresser before slipping out of bed and inspecting the outfit．She unfolded it and held it against her body, seeing how it was like．It reached down, just above the ankle．Mya dressed, eyed herself in the mirror and found it was not so much a pretty outfit as she had received before．It was totally one for blue collar workers!
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Suddenly，her thoughts were interrupted by a knock．________________________________________________________________________
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With everything done, her face shone with a sweet smile．________________________________________________________________________
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【写作思路】
文章大意：从Mya出生以来，她的妈妈Helena和阿姨Beatrice每年都会为她举行不同主题的生日派对。今年5月1日是Mya的16岁生日，尽管她一直在猜测，并翻阅妈妈的购物记录想要找到线索，但她一无所获。她只好通过今年生日收到的套装来猜测了，而今年的套装是一套蓝领工作服……
谋篇布局：续写的关键在于合理构思蓝领工作服与什么主题的生日派对相关。时态以一般过去时为主，主要人物为Mya、她的妈妈Helena和阿姨Beatrice。
根据续写第一段的提示句可知，有人来敲门了。结合文章脉络和故事发展可以推断，敲门的人应该是Mya的妈妈。结合文章最后预埋的伏笔可以推测，续写第一段应该会揭示Mya的疑问，母女二人之间的对话应该是推动本段发展的主要方式。再结合续写第二段的提示句可知，Mya应该也参与进去了。因此，学生可大胆推测，Mya应该会和妈妈、阿姨一起进行劳作。
根据续写第二段的提示句可知，经过一番劳作之后，Mya很开心。结合语境和故事发展脉络可知，Mya很有收获。因此，学生在本段可就Mya的感受进行详细描述。此外，学生应注意适当升华主题，让故事富有一定的哲理和教育意义。
【参考范文】
Suddenly，her_thoughts_were_interrupted_by_a_knock．“Is the birthday girl up？”Helena asked．Mya opened her bedroom door and surprisingly found they looked the same! Looking at Mya's surprised face, Helena grinned and led her to the kitchen．There was no meal on the table．“Let's prepare for the party together this time，” Aunt Beatrice said gladly dressed in the same outfit．It suddenly occurred to Mya that the theme this year was supposed to be “Sweet Labor, Sweet Sixteen”．
With_everything_done,_her_face_shone_with_a_sweet_smile．Looking around the living room，Mya felt the happiness brought by labor the first time．“Happy Birthday！”Mya turned around in surprise．All of her friends jumped out of any hiding spots with everyone wearing the same outfit．They enjoyed the party and cleaned up together afterwards．Tired as Mya was，she gave Helena and Beatrice a tight hug, and said，“This is the best birthday ever．”
