(共59张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修三册
Unit 6 Space and beyond
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
1．(行为描写)(2022·苏北六市联考)Once back home, Keith locked his house door with trembling hands．
2．(心理描写)(2022·重庆一中模拟)Hurt and upset, she decided never to try out again．
3．(景物描写)(2022·南通市调研测试)The dark sky, filled with angry, swirling clouds, reflected Greg Ridley's mood as he sat on the stoop(门廊) of his building．
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
(2022·诸暨市诊断性考试)One Saturday afternoon, I was watching TV in the living room with my grandpa when a blinding flash of lightning flashed across the sky, followed by a deafening sound．Before I realized what had happened, a gray white shadow rushed in through the open window and flew over my head．
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
核
心
单
词
检
测 1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)All the assignments will ____________(submit) by the assigned date through Blackboard，our online learning and course management system．
2．He ______(angle) his chair and sat down，watching TV．
3．Large human brains consume more food，and weaken _______(muscle)．
be submitted
angled
muscles
核
心
单
词
检
测 4．He ran for the exits of the ruin，_________(scream) out in terror．
5．The children were having fun，chasing each other's _______(shadow)．
screaming
shadows
派生单词检测 1．They prepared a report for __________ to the council and the completed report must be _________ by 10 March．(submit)
2．The magician had a magic cloak(披风) that made her _________，but the property she held is still _______．(vision)
3．The committee meeting was _________ because not enough members were there，which has led to the __________ of talks．(suspend)
submission
submitted
invisible
visible
suspended
suspension
派生单词检测 4．Hosts of characters died __________ in many Shakespeare's _________ because of those ______ incidents．(tragedy)
5．Being ___________ wisdom does not necessarily mean being successful．For instance，most members of the Mensa society are people with high IQs but remain _____________．(exception)
tragically
tragedies
tragic
exceptional
unexceptional
高频短语检测 become accustomed to，one's heart in one's mouth，tune in，call to，reach for the stars，be composed of，quest for
1．She is a person who has ____________________ eight hours' sleep a night．
2．With ______________________，John moved towards the strange sounds．
become accustomed to
his heart in his mouth
高频短语检测 3．The _________ a better life has run through the urban history of mankind．
4．The new era ________ us，saying that we should strive to achieve more and do better．
5．Dreaming is believing and if you ___________________，you actually will achieve better results．
quest for
calls to
reach for the stars
重点句式检测 1．在新学校交了这么多新朋友，我感到非常幸运。(不定式的完成式)
I feel very lucky ________________________________ in the new school．
2．人们认为他的作品表现出对现代建筑的深刻理解和对传统的了解。(被动句)
His works _______________________________________modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions．
to have made so many new friends
are believed to show a deep understanding of
重点句式检测 3．毫无疑问，电子邮件在年轻人的生活中起着重要的作用。(doubt)
______________________ e mail plays an important part in young people's life．
There is no doubt that
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 shadow [课本义]n．坏影响，阴影 [增补义]n．影子 v．投下阴影；跟踪
练中回想——语法填空
①By six o'clock in the evening，this part of the garden is __ shadow．
in
②The tragedy cast a shadow __ their lives，causing them gloomy and depressed．
③Last night the criminal ____________(shadow) by a policeman for several miles before being captured．
on
was shadowed
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
④Tom always ________________________________________(生活在他哥哥的光环之下)，which makes him discouraged．
lives in/under the shadow of his brother
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?in shadow 在暗处
?in/under the shadow of sth．在某事的阴影下
?in sb．'s shadow＝in the shadow of sb．在某人的光环之下
?cast/throw a shadow/shadows on 在……上投下阴影；给……蒙上阴影
语料输入——必备素材
?beyond/without a shadow of a doubt 毫无疑问地
?cast a long shadow on the ground 在地上投下长长的影子
2 suspend [课本义]v．暂停，中止 [增补义]v．悬挂，悬浮
练中回想——语法填空
①Dave was suspended ____ school for a week because he violated the school discipline too many times．
②Production has been suspended ___ the safety checks are being carried out．
③I think her __________(suspend) from the team was a heavy blow to us．
from
for
suspension
完美写作——应用文佳句
④Schools were closed，______________________________________ (食品供应和运输暂停) and children were stuck at home．
food supplies and deliveries were suspended
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?suspend sb．(from sth．)使暂时停职(或停学等)
?be suspended for 因为……被暂停
?be suspended in sth．悬浮在某物中
?suspension n．暂停，中止
语料输入——必备素材
?be suspended from her job shortly after that incident 发生那件事后她被辞退
?be suspended by his feet 被倒挂起来
?a six month suspension of his driver's licence 他的驾照被吊销6个月
3 submit [课本义]v．提交 [增补义]v．顺从，屈服
练中回想——语法填空
①The report _________(submit) to the manager yesterday was being discussed at the meeting．
②No country would submit to ________________(control) by another country in the world．
③The final date for the __________(submit)of proposals is March 14th．
submitted
being controlled
submission
完美写作——应用文佳句
④Anyone who wants to participate should _______________________________________________(在截止日期之前把申请提交给我)．
submit an application to me
before the deadline
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?submit...to...把……提交给……
?submit to...顺从于……(to是介词)
?submit oneself to ...使自己顺从于……(to是介词)
?submission n．提交；屈服
语料输入——必备素材
?submit an application 呈递申请书
?submit to questioning 接受询问
?not submit ourselves to our fate 我们不向命运低头
4 become accustomed to 习惯于(做)某事
练中回想——语法填空
①Having lots of interesting things to do，I finally got accustomed to ________(enjoy) my school life．
②To breathe in more fresh air，you must accustom yourself __ getting up early．
enjoying
to
完美写作——一句多译
我习惯于生活在乡村，总是觉得生活在城市很困难。
③___________________________________，I always find it hard to live in the city．(过去分词短语作状语)
④___________________________________________，I always find it hard to live in the city．(v． ing形式短语作状语)
Accustomed to living in the country
Accustoming myself to living in the country
练后归纳——搭配拓展
?accustomed adj．习惯的；通常的，惯常的
?be/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth．习惯于(做)某事
?accustom v．使习惯于
?accustom sb．/oneself to (doing) sth．使某人/自己习惯于做某事
语料输入——必备素材
?take his accustomed seat by the fire 坐在火炉旁他常坐的座位上
?a person accustomed to having eight hours' sleep a night 一个习惯每晚睡8小时的人
5 [教材原句]When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986，the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved．
当“挑战者”号航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，对于相关宇航员所获得的令人惊叹的成就，全世界似乎已经失去了新鲜感。
练中回想——语法填空
①(2021·天津卷)Mary became a baker at age 14，because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ (teach) her all the skills．
②The name sounds so familiar．I seem _____________(hear) it mentioned by my teacher．
③The boy pretended ___________________(concentrate) on his lesson，but in fact his mind was wandering．
to teach
to have heard
to be concentrating
完美写作——续写佳句之行为描写
④Rose showed no anxiety before the competition．She __________________________________________(好像做好了充分的准备)．
seemed to have
prepared for it pretty well
练后归纳——句法分析
?句中to have lost为不定式的完成式，表示的动作在谓语动词之前。
?不定式的一般式为to do，表示动作与谓语动词同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。
?不定式的进行式为to be doing，表示动作与谓语动词同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行。
语料输入——高考写作佳句背诵
The engine just won't start．Something seems to have gone wrong with it．
这个引擎发动不了了，好像出毛病了。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)An essay not _________(submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late．
2．(2020·江苏卷)They decide _______(have) more workers for the project so that it won't be delayed．
submitted
to have
3．He has been accustomed to ______(live) in the countryside，so he feels very happy．
4．Evans is demanding that the __________(suspend) be removed from her record．
5．The Internet is considered _______________(change) most people's life．
6．__________(accustom) to climbing the steep mountains，he had no difficulty reaching the top．
living
suspension
to have changed
Accustomed
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．That misunderstanding cast a shadow __ their friendship，which made Tom very upset．
2．People are accustomed __ what they have — however much of it there is．
3．Julie was suspended ____ her job shortly after the incident．
4．She demanded that all the photos should be submitted __ her before they were published．
on
to
from
to
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Firstly，they spent more time in search of food．Secondly，their _______(muscle) grew smaller and weaker．
2．She _____________(angle) the mirror so as to reflect light from a window．
muscles
angled/angles
3．Using a telescope，Galileo discovered stars that were _________(visible) to the naked eye．
4．__________(tragic)，she never saw the completed building because she died before it was finished．
invisible
Tragically
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．All the time I was nervously walking across the narrow bridge，my heart __ my mouth．
2．The plane is about to take ___，and yet I left my ticket behind．
3．Millions of people tuned __ to watch the election results last night．
4．Every substance，no matter what it is，is composed __ very small particles called molecules．
in
off
in
of
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·浙江1月卷)I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle，but it was no use．_
A．夹角 B．角度 C．立场，观点
B
2．(2020·浙江1月卷)But while you probably add only a small amount of salt to your food，road crews spread about 20 million tons of salt on U．S．roads every year! _
A．全体机组人员 B．一群，一伙
C．(一组)工作人员
C
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive，plastic like parts．
化繁为简本句是一个复合句，that引导动词say的________，从句中由两个并列谓语组成，其中to commercialize为不定式作____。
[尝试翻译]研究者说这种键盘非常容易商业推广，它们大部分的用料都是很便宜且像塑料的东西。
宾语从句
状语
2．(2018·北京卷)At Space Camp，trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets，learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world．
化繁为简本句是一个复合句，as引导____________，从句中包括三个并列的谓语部分。
[尝试翻译]在航天培训营，学员能够和全世界的学员一起在建造和发射火箭模型时得到太空探险荣誉徽章，了解太空探索的任务，并且进行太空模拟飞行。
时间状语从句
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Neil Armstrong set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969.1．____ had once been considered impossible had now been achieved．2．_________(follow)the Moon landings，space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public．3．__________ (tragic) the Challenger space shuttle exploded after it took off on 28 January
What
Following
Tragically
1986，and the crew on board were killed．It was the most disastrous space accident ever，and it cast a shadow 4．__ people's hearts．After the disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster 5．________________(investigate)．But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue，and on 29 September 1988，the space shuttle programme resumed with the 6．__________ (success) launch of Discovery．It 7．________(be)
on
was investigated
successful
has been
over 30 years since the loss of Challenger．The memory of those seven will live forever，8．_______(write) in the stars，inspiring us to join them in humanity's greatest journey of 9．___________(explore) and discovery．The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，10．_______ distant they might seem．
written
exploration
however
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华。某英文报社就“太空探索”举行征文比赛。请你就此写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的看法，内容包括：
1．人们的关注度很高；
2．一些人的质疑；
3．你的观点。
注意：词数80左右。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Science and technology is developing so rapidly that people have become accustomed to the notion of space exploration．And if possible，nearly all the people in China tuned in to witness our country's space shuttles taking off．
Some people think space exploration casts a shadow on human's over expectation．Every year much money and energy are put into the program which might be used to help the poor otherwise．
In my opinion，space exploration has been the quest for our space dream for several generations．It contributes not only to improving the quality of human life，but also to getting more new energy resources．As long as we take advantage of it in a right way，it will be bound to bring more benefits in the future．
烘托消极负面情感的环境描写
完成下列有关环境细节描写的句子
①随着夜幕降临，天空开始出现闪闪的繁星，同情地看着她。
______________________，the stars appeared in the sky，_________________________________________．(with复合结构，非谓语动词作状语)
With the night falling
twinkling
their eyes at her with sympathy
②当黑夜笼罩整个森林，风吹得她又冷又怕。
______________________________________，she felt both cold and frightened when the wind blew．(时间状语从句)
③为了取暖，她生了一堆火。
_________________________________
④万籁俱寂，只有呼呼的风声和劈劈啪啪的火苗声相伴。
_________________________，only the howling of the wind and the flames of the fire for company．
When the darkness enveloped the forest
To keep warm，she set up a fire．
Everything was in silence
⑤周围的一切都隐藏在黑暗中， 这无疑使她更加无助和害怕。
Everything around was hidden in the dark，_________________________________________________________．
(非限制性定语从句，形容词作宾补)
which undoubtedly left her
even more helpless and frightened续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·苏北六市联考)Once back home, Keith locked his house door with trembling hands． 2．(心理描写)(2022·重庆一中模拟)Hurt and upset, she decided never to try out again． 3．(景物描写)(2022·南通市调研测试)The dark sky, filled with angry, swirling clouds, reflected Greg Ridley's mood as he sat on the stoop(门廊) of his building． (2022·诸暨市诊断性考试)One Saturday afternoon, I was watching TV in the living room with my grandpa when a blinding flash of lightning flashed across the sky, followed by a deafening sound．Before I realized what had happened, a gray white shadow rushed in through the open window and flew over my head．
核心单词检测 1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)All the assignments will be_submitted(submit) by the assigned date through Blackboard，our online learning and course management system． 2．He angled(angle) his chair and sat down，watching TV． 3．Large human brains consume more food，and weaken muscles(muscle)． 4．He ran for the exits of the ruin，screaming(scream) out in terror． 5．The children were having fun，chasing each other's shadows(shadow)．
派生单词检测 1．They prepared a report for submission to the council and the completed report must be submitted by 10 March．(submit) 2．The magician had a magic cloak(披风) that made her invisible，but the property she held is still visible．(vision) 3．The committee meeting was suspended because not enough members were there，which has led to the suspension of talks．(suspend) 4．Hosts of characters died tragically in many Shakespeare's tragedies because of those tragic incidents．(tragedy) 5．Being exceptional wisdom does not necessarily mean being successful．For instance，most members of the Mensa society are people with high IQs but remain unexceptional．(exception)
高频短语检测 become accustomed to，one's heart in one's mouth，tune in，call to，reach for the stars，be composed of，quest for
1．She is a person who has become_accustomed_to eight hours' sleep a night． 2．With his_heart_in_his_mouth，John moved towards the strange sounds． 3．The quest_for a better life has run through the urban history of mankind． 4．The new era calls_to us，saying that we should strive to achieve more and do better． 5．Dreaming is believing and if you reach_for_the_stars，you actually will achieve better results．
重点句式检测 1．在新学校交了这么多新朋友，我感到非常幸运。(不定式的完成式) I feel very lucky to_have_made_so_many_new_friends in the new school． 2．人们认为他的作品表现出对现代建筑的深刻理解和对传统的了解。(被动句) His works are_believed_to_show_a_deep_understanding_of_modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions． 3．毫无疑问，电子邮件在年轻人的生活中起着重要的作用。(doubt) There_is_no_doubt_that e mail plays an important part in young people's life．
1 shadow [课本义]n．坏影响，阴影 [增补义]n．影子 v．投下阴影；跟踪
①By six o'clock in the evening，this part of the garden is in shadow．
②The tragedy cast a shadow on their lives，causing them gloomy and depressed．
③Last night the criminal was_shadowed(shadow) by a policeman for several miles before being captured．
④Tom always lives_in/under_the_shadow_of_his_brother(生活在他哥哥的光环之下)，which makes him discouraged．
?in shadow 在暗处
?in/under the shadow of sth．在某事的阴影下
?in sb．'s shadow＝in the shadow of sb．在某人的光环之下
?cast/throw a shadow/shadows on 在……上投下阴影；给……蒙上阴影
?beyond/without a shadow of a doubt 毫无疑问地
?cast a long shadow on the ground 在地上投下长长的影子
2 suspend [课本义]v．暂停，中止 [增补义]v．悬挂，悬浮
①Dave was suspended from school for a week because he violated the school discipline too many times．
②Production has been suspended for the safety checks are being carried out．
③I think her suspension(suspend) from the team was a heavy blow to us．
④Schools were closed，food_supplies_and_deliveries_were_suspended(食品供应和运输暂停) and children were stuck at home．
?suspend sb．(from sth．)使暂时停职(或停学等)
?be suspended for 因为……被暂停
?be suspended in sth．悬浮在某物中
?suspension n．暂停，中止
?be suspended from her job shortly after that incident 发生那件事后她被辞退
?be suspended by his feet 被倒挂起来
?a six month suspension of his driver's licence 他的驾照被吊销6个月
3 submit [课本义]v．提交 [增补义]v．顺从，屈服
①The report submitted(submit) to the manager yesterday was being discussed at the meeting．
②No country would submit to being_controlled(control) by another country in the world．
③The final date for the submission(submit)of proposals is March 14th．
④Anyone who wants to participate should submit_an_application_to_me_before_the_deadline(在截止日期之前把申请提交给我)．
?submit...to...把……提交给……
?submit to...顺从于……(to是介词)
?submit oneself to ...使自己顺从于……(to是介词)
?submission n．提交；屈服
?submit an application 呈递申请书
?submit to questioning 接受询问
?not submit ourselves to our fate 我们不向命运低头
4 become accustomed to 习惯于(做)某事
①Having lots of interesting things to do，I finally got accustomed to enjoying(enjoy) my school life．
②To breathe in more fresh air，you must accustom yourself to getting up early．
我习惯于生活在乡村，总是觉得生活在城市很困难。
③Accustomed_to_living_in_the_country，I always find it hard to live in the city．(过去分词短语作状语)
④Accustoming_myself_to_living_in_the_country，I always find it hard to live in the city．(v． ing形式短语作状语)
?accustomed adj．习惯的；通常的，惯常的
?be/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth．习惯于(做)某事
?accustom v．使习惯于
?accustom sb．/oneself to (doing) sth．使某人/自己习惯于做某事
?take his accustomed seat by the fire 坐在火炉旁他常坐的座位上
?a person accustomed to having eight hours' sleep a night 一个习惯每晚睡8小时的人
5 [教材原句]When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986，the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved． 当“挑战者”号航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，对于相关宇航员所获得的令人惊叹的成就，全世界似乎已经失去了新鲜感。
①(2021·天津卷)Mary became a baker at age 14，because her grandfather paid the local baker to_teach (teach) her all the skills．
②The name sounds so familiar．I seem to_have_heard(hear) it mentioned by my teacher．
③The boy pretended to_be_concentrating(concentrate) on his lesson，but in fact his mind was wandering．
④Rose showed no anxiety before the competition．She seemed_to_have_prepared_for_it_pretty_well(好像做好了充分的准备)．
?句中to have lost为不定式的完成式，表示的动作在谓语动词之前。
?不定式的一般式为to do，表示动作与谓语动词同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。
?不定式的进行式为to be doing，表示动作与谓语动词同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行。
The engine just won't start．Something seems to have gone wrong with it．
这个引擎发动不了了，好像出毛病了。
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)An essay not submitted(submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late．
2．(2020·江苏卷)They decide to_have(have) more workers for the project so that it won't be delayed．
3．He has been accustomed to living(live) in the countryside，so he feels very happy．
4．Evans is demanding that the suspension(suspend) be removed from her record．
5．The Internet is considered to_have_changed(change) most people's life．
6．Accustomed(accustom) to climbing the steep mountains，he had no difficulty reaching the top．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．That misunderstanding cast a shadow on their friendship，which made Tom very upset．
2．People are accustomed to what they have — however much of it there is．
3．Julie was suspended from her job shortly after the incident．
4．She demanded that all the photos should be submitted to her before they were published．
Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Firstly，they spent more time in search of food．Secondly，their muscles(muscle) grew smaller and weaker．
2．She angled/angles(angle) the mirror so as to reflect light from a window．
3．Using a telescope，Galileo discovered stars that were invisible(visible) to the naked eye．
4．Tragically(tragic)，she never saw the completed building because she died before it was finished．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．All the time I was nervously walking across the narrow bridge，my heart in my mouth．
2．The plane is about to take off，and yet I left my ticket behind．
3．Millions of people tuned in to watch the election results last night．
4．Every substance，no matter what it is，is composed of very small particles called molecules．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·浙江1月卷)I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle，but it was no use．B
A．夹角 B．角度 C．立场，观点
2．(2020·浙江1月卷)But while you probably add only a small amount of salt to your food，road crews spread about 20 million tons of salt on U．S．roads every year! C
A．全体机组人员 B．一群，一伙
C．(一组)工作人员
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive，plastic like parts．
本句是一个复合句，that引导动词say的宾语从句，从句中由两个并列谓语组成，其中to commercialize为不定式作状语。
[尝试翻译]研究者说这种键盘非常容易商业推广，它们大部分的用料都是很便宜且像塑料的东西。
2．(2018·北京卷)At Space Camp，trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets，learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world．
本句是一个复合句，as引导时间状语从句，从句中包括三个并列的谓语部分。
[尝试翻译]在航天培训营，学员能够和全世界的学员一起在建造和发射火箭模型时得到太空探险荣誉徽章，了解太空探索的任务，并且进行太空模拟飞行。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Neil Armstrong set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969.1．What had once been considered impossible had now been achieved．2．Following(follow)the Moon landings，space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public．3．Tragically (tragic) the Challenger space shuttle exploded after it took off on 28 January 1986，and the crew on board were killed．It was the most disastrous space accident ever，and it cast a shadow 4．on people's hearts．After the disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster 5．was_investigated(investigate)．But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue，and on 29 September 1988，the space shuttle programme resumed with the 6．successful (success) launch of Discovery．It 7．has_been(be) over 30 years since the loss of Challenger．The memory of those seven will live forever，8．written(write) in the stars，inspiring us to join them in humanity's greatest journey of 9．exploration(explore) and discovery．The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，10．however distant they might seem．
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文
假定你是李华。某英文报社就“太空探索”举行征文比赛。请你就此写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的看法，内容包括：
1．人们的关注度很高；
2．一些人的质疑；
3．你的观点。
注意：词数80左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
Science and technology is developing so rapidly that people have become accustomed to the notion of space exploration．And if possible，nearly all the people in China tuned in to witness our country's space shuttles taking off．
Some people think space exploration casts a shadow on human's over expectation．Every year much money and energy are put into the program which might be used to help the poor otherwise．
In my opinion，space exploration has been the quest for our space dream for several generations．It contributes not only to improving the quality of human life，but also to getting more new energy resources．As long as we take advantage of it in a right way，it will be bound to bring more benefits in the future．
烘托消极负面情感的环境描写
完成下列有关环境细节描写的句子
①随着夜幕降临，天空开始出现闪闪的繁星，同情地看着她。
With_the_night_falling，the stars appeared in the sky，twinkling_their_eyes_at_her_with_sympathy．(with复合结构，非谓语动词作状语)
②当黑夜笼罩整个森林，风吹得她又冷又怕。
When_the_darkness_enveloped_the_forest，she felt both cold and frightened when the wind blew．(时间状语从句)
③为了取暖，她生了一堆火。
To_keep_warm，she_set_up_a_fire．
④万籁俱寂，只有呼呼的风声和劈劈啪啪的火苗声相伴。
Everything_was_in_silence，only the howling of the wind and the flames of the fire for company．
⑤周围的一切都隐藏在黑暗中， 这无疑使她更加无助和害怕。
Everything around was hidden in the dark，which_undoubtedly_left_her_even_more_helpless_and_frightened．(非限制性定语从句，形容词作宾补)
课时分层作业(四十二)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2022·南昌市摸底测试)
We're all familiar with migration (迁徙)：Wildebeests dash across Africa; monarch butterflies fly across the Americas...But did you know that forests migrate，too
In his new book The Journeys of Trees，science writer Zach St．George explores an extremely slow migration，as forests creep inch by inch to more pleasant places．
“The migration of a forest is just many trees sprouting(发芽)in the same direction，”St．George writes．“Through the fossils that ancient forests left behind，scientists can track their movement over thousands of years．They move back and forth across continents，sometimes following the same route more than once，like migrating birds or whales．” This has happened over thousands of years，and climate change tends to be the driving force．
Of course，today，climate change is speeding up，and trees can't keep pace．Take California for example，it's getting hotter and drier and scientists estimate that before too long，Sequoia National Park may not be able to keep giant sequoias (巨杉)．
“The scientists there had never seen anything like it，”St．George says．“They worried，and I think at some point we will lose these ancient trees and that we will have to think about what we do with the places，and whether we should plant new groves where they are easy to grow．”
This is known as “assisted migration”—humans planting trees in other places where they're more likely to flourish．But this process carries risks—people can accidentally introduce insects and diseases to new places，where they may wipe out entire native populations．So，St．George writes，there's a debate among conservationists and foresters today：Should humans help the trees escape
“There may be cases where people are probably going to step in and help species move to places where they'll be more suitable in the future，”St．George says．“So far，there are no huge movements of citizen groups moving trees north．But that is kind of one vision of the future that the people I interview sort of hope to see．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。我们都熟悉动物迁徙，但是你知道森林也会迁徙吗？科学作家Zach St．George探索了一种极其缓慢的迁徙，即森林缓慢地蔓延到更舒适的地方。无论是动物的迁徙还是森林的迁徙，主要都是由气候变化引起的。人们有可能会介入植物的迁徙过程，协助植物迁徙，但这种协助性迁徙有利也有弊，所以存在争论。
1．What can be learned about the migration of a forest
A．It is mainly the result of climate change．
B．It often follows certain migrating species．
C．It takes thousands of years to complete it．
D．It is very difficult to track the migration．
A [细节理解题。根据第三段尾句可知，气候变化往往是森林迁徙的驱动力。故A项正确。]
2．Why does the author mention Sequoia National Park
A．To stress the park is facing a severe situation．
B．To show trees fail to adapt to the climate change．
C．To prove the assisted migration carries risks．
D．To state scientists are hopeful about the environment．
B [细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，气候变化在加速，而树木无法跟上其变化的速度，因此巨杉树可能无法在Sequoia National公园生存。由此可知，提及该公园是为了表明树不能适应气候变化。故B项正确。]
3．What does the underlined word “flourish” in paragraph 6 mean
A．Become valuable．
B．Develop rapidly．
C．Grow well．
D．Escape diseases．
C [词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“humans planting trees in other places”可知，人类把树木移植到能够使它们茁壮生长的地方。故C项正确。]
4．What's St．George's attitude towards helping the trees escape
A．Skeptical． B．Supportive．
C．Objective． D．Disapproving．
C [观点态度题。根据第六段中的“there's a debate among conservationists and foresters today: Should humans help the trees escape？”可知，St．George认为人类是否应该帮助树木迁徙，还存在争论。由此可知，他对人类帮助树木迁徙的态度是客观的。故C项正确。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2022·昆明市摸底诊断测试)
Be a Green Guest
When people take a vacation，they often take a vacation from responsibility，too．Our behavior at hotels is one of the biggest problems．We have our linen (亚麻织品) washed daily for us，and are provided with an endless stream of hot water．But all of this luxury equals serious consequences for the environment．__1__．They offer programs and facilities that save water and energy．That's a good start，but there is a lot more you can do to cut down the amount of waste produced．
·__2__．
In America alone，there are about 50，000 hotels．Now think if hotel management puts two small bottles for each hotel room every day，that's a huge amount of little plastic bottles that may not even get recycled．And what about all of that shampoo when you don't finish the bottle？A better way is to bring your own shampoo from home．
·Turn off the lights．
You do it when you're at home，right？Do it at the hotel，too．Studies have shown that，in hotels，the majority of energy spent through lighting comes from the bathroom light being left on for more than one hour！__3__，remember to hit the switch!
·Don't have your sheets or towels washed every day．
Sure，it's luxury to have linen and towels cleaned every day，but that's all it is ．Washing a set of bed sheets and a pair of bathroom towels requires about 12－16 gallons of water．See if there is a policy for requesting that your towels and linen get washed weekly．In some hotels，it's as simple as hanging towels back up on a hook．__4__．
These tips are also useful for trips to a friend's or relative's house．__5__．They will also save your hosts a lot of money．
A．Think about bathroom facilities
B．Just say “no” to hotel shampoo
C．When you're using the bathroom
D．After you're done with your business
E．They will save plastic，water，and electricity
F．More and more hotels are becoming eco friendly
G．In others，you may ask the front desk for a personal request
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文．本文主要讲述了人们在外出住酒店时可以通过很多方式来减少污染、节约能源、保护环境。
1．F [根据空后一句“They offer programs and facilities that save water and energy．”可知，they 指代的应该是hotels，再结合空前一句中的“all of this luxury equals serious consequences for the environment”可知，空处应该会讲到酒店已经意识到环境问题并开始行动，故F项符合语境。]
2．B [根据本段内容尤其是最后一句“A better way is to bring your own shampoo from home．”可知，本段主要讲到了不要用酒店的洗发水，这样可以减少塑料污染，故B项适合作本段的主旨句。]
3．D [分析句子结构可知，空后是一个祈使句，且没有连词连接，空处应该是一个从句。分析选项，快速锁定C和D，结合空后语境“记得去按开关”和常识可知，应是在你完成自己的事之后记得去关灯，故D项符合语境。]
4．G [空前一句讲到了“In some hotels...”，G项中的“In others”与之对应，且讲到了自己无法处理时的解决方案，故G项符合语境。]
5．E [根据空后一句“They will also save...”可知，空处应该会讲到“They will save...”，故E项符合语境。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2022·济南市学情检测)
New Year pictures，ancient Chinese folk art，are well known．Chinese people have the custom of sticking up New Year pictures 1．________ (celebrate) the Spring Festival．This custom dating from the Song Dynasty is 2．________(particular) popular in the vast countryside，3．________every household will be busy cleaning the whole house and sticking 4．________ (color) pictures or paper cuttings on their doors，windows，walls，and stoves．
Traditional New Year pictures，usually 5．______(create) by the block printing method，are famous for simple lines，brilliant colors and scenes of prosperity．The method 6．________(consist) of several steps: drawing，block engraving，printing，and coloring．The finished pictures，therefore，have the features of both woodcut prints and Chinese paintings，7．________(make) a special branch in traditional folk art．
The themes expressed in New Year pictures cover a wide range，from a plump baby holding a fish to Shouxing，from landscapes to birds and flowers，from the ploughing cattle in spring to rich harvests in autumn．Human figures often show artistic exaggeration (夸张)，but 8．________message in all pictures is always good luck，9．________(happy) or other nice things regarding the wish of the people．10．________the improvement of printing technologies，there is more and more new material for New Year pictures．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了年画的来历、特点、制作方法和寓意。
1．to celebrate [考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语动词是have，空处在句中为非谓语，结合句意“中国人有贴年画庆祝春节的习俗”可知，此处为目的状语，所以空处填to celebrate。]
2．particularly [考查词性转换。空处修饰后面的形容词popular，需要用副词，所以填particularly。]
3．where [考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为表示地点的名词countryside，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填where。]
4．colorful [考查非谓语动词。空处修饰后面的名词pictures，需要用形容词，所以填colorful。]
5．created [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中为非谓语，create与主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以填过去分词created。]
6．consists [考查时态。空处在句中作谓语，又结合语境可知，此处描述的是客观情况，时态应使用一般现在时；主语The method为第三人称单数。所以空处填consists。]
7．making [考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语动词是have，空处在句中为非谓语，且表示自然而然的结果，所以填现在分词making。]
8．the [考查冠词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处需用冠词修饰空后的message，且此处message特指所有的年画中传达的信息，因此空处填定冠词the。]
9．happiness [考查词性转换。空处与前面的good luck和后面的other nice things形成并列关系，需用名词，且happiness为不可数名词，所以空处填happiness。]
10．With [考查介词。结合句意“随着印刷技术的改进”可知，空处需要填介词With。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·石家庄市高中毕业班教学质量检测二)
One day a man named Steve Gowan was fishing in the Thames Estuary in Britain．By the end of the day, besides fishes and sea weeds, he fished a messenger bottle．He opened it carefully and inside the bottle was a brief loving letter from a British soldier named Hughes to his wife：
Dear wife，I am writing this note on this boat and dropping it into the sea just to see if it will reach you．If it does，sign this envelope on the bottom right hand corner where it says receipt．Put the date and the hour of receipt and your name where it says signature and look after it well．
Ta ta sweet, for the present．Your Hubby．
Also attached was a note intended for the finder of the bottle：
Sir or madam, would you kindly forward the enclosed letter and earn the blessing of a poor British soldier on his way to the front this ninth day of September，1914．Signed Private T．Hughes．
Actually, as Hughes crossed the English Channel on 9 September, 1914, at 7：52 pm，he dropped a message in a green beer bottle over the side of the ship and he died two days later in the war．
85 years later, the bottle was finally caught by Steve Gowan, the fisherman．Steve Gowan examined the letter carefully．It had the soldier's name and army number, so he supposed that the message should be real．But how could he deliver it to the intended recipient In 1999, the Internet was still in its early years．No way would he be able to find Hughes's possible surviving family that way! So, what to do
Well, he put an advertisement in a local paper! The story captured so many hearts and minds that it gained national coverage．Somewhere along the way, through magic and luck, he learned that Hughes's daughter, Emily, was still alive in New Zealand!
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Right away, Gowan and journalists managed to get in touch with Emily．________________________________________________________________________
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The local paper decided to offer Mr Gowan an air ticket to deliver the letter in person．_______________________________________________________________________
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【写作思路】
文章大意：1999年，Steve Gowan在捕鱼的时候发现了英国士兵Hughes于1914年去往前线的时候写给妻子的放在漂流瓶里的信。1999年的时候，网络还不够发达，Steve Gowan选择了登报找人，几经周折，Steve Gowan得知Hughes的女儿Emily生活在新西兰……
谋篇布局：根据续写第一段的提示句和续写第二段的提示句可知，续写第一段应着重叙述Emily得知这封信的存在之后的反应，学生应结合“85年之后”这个线索去体会Emily的感受。
根据续写第二段的提示句可知，当地报社决定给Steve Gowan一张机票让他亲自去送这封信。因此，本段可首先描述Steve Gowan得到这个消息时的感受和想法，并合理构思二人会面后的情况。学生在续写的过程中应注意以一般过去时为主，利用句式变化描述感受、刻画人物。注意语言的衔接连贯和故事的合理性。
【参考范文】
Right_away,_Gowan_and_journalists_managed_to_get_in_touch_with_Emily．It felt like a miracle to this senior lady and she couldn't even believe it was true．Emily said in an exciting voice，“I only possess a few photos of my father and spent most of my life trying to find more about him．I am so happy to hear this discovery！” The letter meant so much to her and it seemed that it was a gift from her father．What was more surprising was another gift from the local paper．
The_local_paper_decided_to_offer_Mr_Gowan_an_air_ticket_to_deliver_the_letter_in_person．Steve Gowan felt it was like a mission and gladly accepted the gift．Hughes's message to his family was finally delivered 85 years after it was sent．When Emily opened the letter with her trembling hands，Gowan witnessed tears, laughter, sweet memories and gratitude, all the mixed feelings from Emily．He felt he had fished not a letter in a bottle but a huge treasure，a bridge connecting the living with the dead，a message bonding a family．
