(共34张PPT)
语法考点突破
板块四 冠词和介词的运用
第2讲 介词
题型 高考典题试做 命题角度解读
语
法
填
空 1．(2022·全国甲卷)Now，Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route．He flew 4，700 kilometers ____ Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept．20，planning to hike back to Xi'an in five months． 1．考查介词的基本用法；
2．考查固定搭配中的介词。
from
题型 高考典题试做 命题角度解读
语
法
填
空
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Giant pandas also serve __ an umbrella species(物种)，bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China．
1．考查介词的基本用法；
2．考查固定搭配中的介词。
as
题型 高考典题试做 命题角度解读
语
法
填
空
3．(2021·全国乙卷)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________ the late 1980s．During that time，increasing environmental awareness made it desirable．
1．考查介词的基本用法；
2．考查固定搭配中的介词。
until/till
题型 高考典题试做 命题角度解读
语
法
填
空
4．(2021·全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history．It was built originally to protect the city __ the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复)．
1．考查介词的基本用法；
2．考查固定搭配中的介词。
in
考点一 常考介词的用法
01
核心语法精讲
对点冲关训练
1．表示时间的介词
介词 用法
at 表示时间的点、时刻等。at 6 o'clock在6点钟；at daybreak在黎明
on 表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间或具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上(常有前置定语或后置定语修饰)。on Monday afternoon在周一下午；on a rainy morning在一个雨天的上午
介词 用法
in 表示在某段较长的时间内。in the 20th century在 20世纪；in winter在冬季；in September在9月；in the morning在上午
since＋时间点 自从……以来
for＋时间段 长达……
during 在……期间
until/till 直到……
by 到……为止；不迟于……
介词 用法
in/after＋时间段 在……之后。“in＋时间段”常与将来时连用；“after＋时间段”常与过去时连用
before 在……之前
over 在……期间；直到……结束
Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour．
简很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时后出发。
In Britain，it's not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast．
在英国，早餐时间开商务会议并不稀奇。
2．表示方位的介词
介词 用法
at 后常接相对较小的地方
in 后常接相对较大的地方或在某一个大的范围之内
on 在……上(反义词beneath)
across 从……的表面穿过；在……对面
through 从……的内部穿过
介词 用法
over 在……的上面，表示垂直在上，在正上方；从……的上面跨过(反义词under)
above 指离开物体表面而在其上方，但并不一定是垂直向上；还可指数目、数量、水平、年龄等“超过，多于，大于”(反义词below)
The dog jumped over some bushes and saw the little stream．
小狗跳过几丛灌木看到小溪。
The sunlight came in through the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room．
阳光透过天窗，照亮了整个房间。
3．表示方式的介词
表示使用的工具、手段、材料时，with，by，in，on都意为“用”。with多指用具体的工具、身体的某部位或器官；by侧重指使用某种方法、手段或乘坐某种交通工具；in指使用某种语言、笔墨等；on 多用于固定词组中。
by train乘火车 in English用英语
on TV通过电视 with a pencil用铅笔
4．表示“除……之外”的介词(短语)
介词(短语) 用法
besides 意为“除……之外(还有)”，相当于in addition to
except 意为“除……之外(别无)”，可接名词、代词、介词短语
but 意为“除……之外”(＝except)
apart from 既可相当于besides或in addition to，也可相当于except (for)
other than 意为“除……之外(别无)”
Apart from good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes．
除了优质的服务外，这家饭店还提供各种各样的传统福建菜。
5．表示原因的介词(短语)
for，because of，due to，thanks to，owing to，on account of，as a result of
The open-air celebration has been put off because of the bad weather．
因为天气不好，这次户外庆祝会被推迟了。
Owing to bad weather，the flight was delayed for a couple of hours．
由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。
6．其他常考的介词
介词 用法
against 违反，相反；倚靠；以……为背景，衬托
beyond (范围、限度)超出，为……所不能及
by 程度或增减的幅度；按……计
despite 尽管
介词 用法
for (表示目的)为了；(表示对象或用途)给；因为；从……来看；赞成，支持
with 和……在一起；和，跟；具有，带有；(表示伴随)随着
within (范围、程度)在……内
without 没有
off (表示位置)在……的外面；(表示方向)偏离；从……离开
She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went off the road．
她在转弯处开得如此快，以至于汽车差点偏离公路。
The exercise was beyond the abilities of most of the class．
这项练习超出了班里大多数学生的能力。
单句语法填空
1．(2022·南通市考前练习卷)_______ a language barrier, Wu read some of the ancient Chinese medical classics．
2．(2022·豫北重点高中模拟)_____the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the country will be more prosperous and stronger．
Without
Under
3．(2022·中原名校联盟4月份适应性联考)As well as famous original works, some of the items __ display will be newly created ones．
4．(2022·河南许平汝联盟模拟)Mogao Grottoes, the greatest treasure of Buddhist art found in a single locality anywhere in the world, consists __ numerous temples that contain countless sculptures．
5．(2022·南宁市第二次适应性测试)____ time going by, more and more people perform Shaanxi kuaiban in different particular events．
on
of
With
6．(2022·抚顺市第一中学模拟)Kere won special praise ___ his 2001 project to build a primary school in Gando, the village where he was born．
7．(2022·南通市二模)Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class __ March 1st on movable type．
8．(2022·滨州市最后一卷)Pemberton decided to sell it __ a drink rather than a medicine．
for
on
as
考点二 常考介词短语
及搭配
02
核心语法精讲
对点冲关训练
1．与名词的搭配
at a time每次，一次
at a loss 困惑，不知所措
at first sight乍一看
by mistake错误地 in return作为回报
in turn依次；转而 in shape健康状况良好
on purpose故意地
on average平均
in honour of向……表示敬意
in memory of为了纪念……
in addition to 除了
on the contrary与此相反
on behalf of 代表
approach to ……的方法
by means of 借助
lack of 缺乏……
by accident/chance 偶然
beyond one's reach够不着
under construction/consideration在建设/考虑
at the cost of 以……为代价
in terms/view of鉴于，根据
for the benefit of为了……的利益
2．与动词的搭配
apply for申请
refer to 谈到；涉及；查阅
result from 由于
approve of赞成 complain of 抱怨
consist of 由……组成
depend/rely on 依靠 result in/lead to导致
date from/back to 追溯到
3．与形容词的搭配
be aware of 意识到
be proud of 以……为荣
be eager for 渴望 be absent from 缺席
be ashamed of对……感到羞耻
be popular with sb．受某人欢迎
be strict with sb．对某人严格
be addicted to 对……上瘾；沉溺于
be available to 对……可用；可供……使用
be beneficial to 对……有益处
be devoted to 致力于，献身于
be similar to 与……相似
be anxious about/for 忧虑，担心
be curious about 对……好奇
be particular about 挑剔
4．其他搭配
far from 远非 once in a while 偶尔
up to 达到；由……决定
in spite of 尽管；虽然
ahead of(时间，空间)在……前面；领先
单句语法填空
1．(2022·如皋市5月适应性考试)Yu owes his scholarship win __ his astronomy hobby．
2．(2022·柳州市第三次模拟)Unluckily, his workshop caught a big fire one day and burned __ the ground．
to
to
3．(2022·桂林、崇左、贺州、河池、来宾市联考)Green tea is rich __ a substance called EGCG．This substance has the ability to depress the growth of cancer cells．
4．(2022·合肥市第一中学最后一卷)In addition to potential damage __ spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself．
5．(2022·山西稷山中学模拟)The guard told them that he saw an ongoing crime __ accident．
in
to
by
6．(2022·枣庄模拟)I got a place next __ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk．
7．(2022·利津第三次月考)Start ____ single syllables and do that a lot and then syllable pairs．
8．(2022·南通市三模)Do you want to keep up ____ the latest research and discoveries in science？
to
with
with第2讲 介词
题型 高考典题试做 命题角度解读
语法填空 1．(2022·全国甲卷)Now，Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route．He flew 4，700 kilometers from Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept．20，planning to hike back to Xi'an in five months． 2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species(物种)，bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China． 3．(2021·全国乙卷)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until/till the late 1980s．During that time，increasing environmental awareness made it desirable． 4．(2021·全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history．It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复)． 1．考查介词的基本用法； 2．考查固定搭配中的介词。
常考介词的用法
1．表示时间的介词
介词 用法
at 表示时间的点、时刻等。at 6 o'clock在6点钟；at daybreak在黎明
on 表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间或具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上(常有前置定语或后置定语修饰)。on Monday afternoon在周一下午；on a rainy morning在一个雨天的上午
in 表示在某段较长的时间内。in the 20th century在 20世纪；in winter在冬季；in September在9月；in the morning在上午
since＋时间点 自从……以来
for＋时间段 长达……
during 在……期间
until/till 直到……
by 到……为止；不迟于……
in/after＋时间段 在……之后。“in＋时间段”常与将来时连用；“after＋时间段”常与过去时连用
before 在……之前
over 在……期间；直到……结束
Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour．
简很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时后出发。
In Britain，it's not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast．
在英国，早餐时间开商务会议并不稀奇。
2．表示方位的介词
介词 用法
at 后常接相对较小的地方
in 后常接相对较大的地方或在某一个大的范围之内
on 在……上(反义词beneath)
across 从……的表面穿过；在……对面
through 从……的内部穿过
over 在……的上面，表示垂直在上，在正上方；从……的上面跨过(反义词under)
above 指离开物体表面而在其上方，但并不一定是垂直向上；还可指数目、数量、水平、年龄等“超过，多于，大于”(反义词below)
The dog jumped over some bushes and saw the little stream．
小狗跳过几丛灌木看到小溪。
The sunlight came in through the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room．
阳光透过天窗，照亮了整个房间。
3．表示方式的介词
表示使用的工具、手段、材料时，with，by，in，on都意为“用”。with多指用具体的工具、身体的某部位或器官；by侧重指使用某种方法、手段或乘坐某种交通工具；in指使用某种语言、笔墨等；on 多用于固定词组中。
by train乘火车 in English用英语
on TV通过电视 with a pencil用铅笔
4．表示“除……之外”的介词(短语)
介词(短语) 用法
besides 意为“除……之外(还有)”，相当于in addition to
except 意为“除……之外(别无)”，可接名词、代词、介词短语
but 意为“除……之外”(＝except)
apart from 既可相当于besides或in addition to，也可相当于except (for)
other than 意为“除……之外(别无)”
Apart from good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes．
除了优质的服务外，这家饭店还提供各种各样的传统福建菜。
5．表示原因的介词(短语)
for，because of，due to，thanks to，owing to，on account of，as a result of
The open air celebration has been put off because of the bad weather．
因为天气不好，这次户外庆祝会被推迟了。
Owing to bad weather，the flight was delayed for a couple of hours．
由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。
6．其他常考的介词
介词 用法
against 违反，相反；倚靠；以……为背景，衬托
beyond (范围、限度)超出，为……所不能及
by 程度或增减的幅度；按……计
despite 尽管
for (表示目的)为了；(表示对象或用途)给；因为；从……来看；赞成，支持
with 和……在一起；和，跟；具有，带有；(表示伴随)随着
within (范围、程度)在……内
without 没有
off (表示位置)在……的外面；(表示方向)偏离；从……离开
She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went off the road．
她在转弯处开得如此快，以至于汽车差点偏离公路。
The exercise was beyond the abilities of most of the class．
这项练习超出了班里大多数学生的能力。
单句语法填空
1．(2022·南通市考前练习卷)Without a language barrier, Wu read some of the ancient Chinese medical classics．
2．(2022·豫北重点高中模拟)Underthe leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the country will be more prosperous and stronger．
3．(2022·中原名校联盟4月份适应性联考)As well as famous original works, some of the items on display will be newly created ones．
4．(2022·河南许平汝联盟模拟)Mogao Grottoes, the greatest treasure of Buddhist art found in a single locality anywhere in the world, consists of numerous temples that contain countless sculptures．
5．(2022·南宁市第二次适应性测试)With time going by, more and more people perform Shaanxi kuaiban in different particular events．
6．(2022·抚顺市第一中学模拟)Kere won special praise for his 2001 project to build a primary school in Gando, the village where he was born．
7．(2022·南通市二模)Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class on March 1st on movable type．
8．(2022·滨州市最后一卷)Pemberton decided to sell it as a drink rather than a medicine．
常考介词短语及搭配
1．与名词的搭配
at a time每次，一次
at a loss 困惑，不知所措
at first sight乍一看
by mistake错误地 in return作为回报
in turn依次；转而 in shape健康状况良好
on purpose故意地
on average平均
in honour of向……表示敬意
in memory of为了纪念……
in addition to 除了
on the contrary与此相反
on behalf of 代表
approach to ……的方法
by means of 借助
lack of 缺乏……
by accident/chance 偶然
beyond one's reach够不着
under construction/consideration在建设/考虑
at the cost of 以……为代价
in terms/view of鉴于，根据
for the benefit of为了……的利益
2．与动词的搭配
apply for申请
refer to 谈到；涉及；查阅
result from 由于
approve of赞成 complain of 抱怨
consist of 由……组成
depend/rely on 依靠 result in/lead to导致
date from/back to 追溯到
3．与形容词的搭配
be aware of 意识到
be proud of 以……为荣
be eager for 渴望 be absent from 缺席
be ashamed of对……感到羞耻
be popular with sb．受某人欢迎
be strict with sb．对某人严格
be addicted to 对……上瘾；沉溺于
be available to 对……可用；可供……使用
be beneficial to 对……有益处
be devoted to 致力于，献身于
be similar to 与……相似
be anxious about/for 忧虑，担心
be curious about 对……好奇
be particular about 挑剔
4．其他搭配
far from 远非 once in a while 偶尔
up to 达到；由……决定
in spite of 尽管；虽然
ahead of(时间，空间)在……前面；领先
单句语法填空
1．(2022·如皋市5月适应性考试)Yu owes his scholarship win to his astronomy hobby．
2．(2022·柳州市第三次模拟)Unluckily, his workshop caught a big fire one day and burned to the ground．
3．(2022·桂林、崇左、贺州、河池、来宾市联考)Green tea is rich in a substance called EGCG．This substance has the ability to depress the growth of cancer cells．
4．(2022·合肥市第一中学最后一卷)In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself．
5．(2022·山西稷山中学模拟)The guard told them that he saw an ongoing crime by accident．
6．(2022·枣庄模拟)I got a place next to the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk．
7．(2022·利津第三次月考)Start with single syllables and do that a lot and then syllable pairs．
8．(2022·南通市三模)Do you want to keep up with the latest research and discoveries in science？
