人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 课件(共63张PPT)

(共63张PPT)
选择性必修 第三册
UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
★每日早晚必背
单元话题写作
(2022届北京人大附中高三三模)假如你是李华,请你给你班交换生Jim写一封信邀请他在即将举行的线上毕业典礼上发言。
内容包括:
1.介绍毕业典礼(时间、平台、流程等);
2.邀请他发言并说明注意事项。
丰富的句式结构
1.I am writing to invite you to speak at the online graduation ceremony to be held on DingTalk platform at 3:30 p.m. this Wednesday.(典型的书信引入话题句型;不定式to be held作后置定语)
2.First of all, we will enjoy a video together so that we can review our precious moments in our school life.(so that引导目的状语从句)
3.Then, the host will introduce the leaders who will attend the graduation ceremony and announce the commencement.(who引导的限制性定语从句)
佳文背诵
Dear Jim,
I am writing to invite you to speak at the online graduation ceremony to be held on DingTalk platform at 3:30 p.m. this Wednesday.
First of all, we will enjoy a video together so that we can review our precious moments in our school life. Then, the host will introduce the leaders who will attend the graduation ceremony and announce the commencement. I hope you can speak on behalf of exchange students and introduce your achievements in the past three years. Please note that you need turn on your microphone before you start and turn it off after you finish. The speech time should not exceed five minutes.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
★课前语基夯实
高频重点词汇
◎核心词汇 会运用
1.　　　　 adj. 严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的
2.　　　　 adv.&prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
3.　　　　 vi. 沉没;下沉;下降
vt. 使下沉;使沉没
4.　　　　 vt. 舍弃;抛弃;放弃
5.　　　　 adj. 脾气好的
bitter　
aboard　
sink　
abandon　
good-tempered　
6.　　　　 n. 娱乐;消遣;游戏
7.　　　　 n. 候选人;应试者
8.　　　　 adj. 热情的;热心的
9.　　　　 n. 发动机;马达
adj. 有引擎的;机动车的
10.　　　　 n. 侄子;外甥
recreation
candidate　
enthusiastic　
motor　
nephew
【语境活用】根据汉语意思填写单词
1.(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)It is too early to tell if the calves will make good___________ (候选人) to be returned to protected areas of the wild.
2.(2020·江苏卷)LoveFone, a company that advocates repairing cellphones rather than 　　　 　 (抛弃) them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.
3.(2020·全国高考卷Ⅱ)I was always an 　　 　　 (热情的) reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.
candidates　
abandoning
enthusiastic
4.Unfortunately, we drove just about three blocks then the 　　　　(发动机) died.
5.Losing the match was a 　　　　(痛苦的) disappointment for the team.
6.My heart 　　　　(下沉) when I saw how much work there was left.
7.TV takes the place of similar sorts of 　　　　 (娱乐), such as listening to the radio and playing sports.
8.It is the first time that I have met my 　　　　(侄子).
　
motor　
bitter　
sank　
recreation　
nephew
◎拓展词汇 能提升
1.　　　　 vt. 忍耐;忍受;持续;持久→　　　　 n. 忍耐力;耐久力
2.　　　　 vt. 取得资格(或学历);合格;使合格;使具备资格→___________　　　　 adj. 符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→　　 n. 资格;资历;资格证
3.__________ vt. 犯罪;使……承担义务　vi. 忠于(某个人、机构等);承诺→___________ n. 承诺;保证;奉献
4.　　　　 vt. 分派;布置;分配→　　　　 n. 工作;任务;布置;分派
5.　　　　 vt.&n. 羡慕;妒忌→　　　　 adj. 羡慕的;嫉妒的
endure　
endurance　
qualify
qualified
qualification　
commit
commitment
assign
assignment　
envy
envious
6.　　　　 vi.属于→　　　　 n.[pl.]财物;动产
7.　　　　 n. 痛苦;悲惨→ 　　　　 adj. 痛苦的;令人难受的
8.　　　　 n. 自己;自我→　　　　 adj. 自私的→ 　　　　adj. 无私的→__________ adv. 无私地
9.　　　　 adj. 真正的;真诚的;可信赖的→　　　　 adv. 真正地;真诚地
10.　　　　 vi. 坚持;孜孜以求→　　　 　 n. 毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神
11.　　　　 vi.&vt. 决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)　n. 决心;坚定的信念→__________ n. 决议;解决;坚定
belong　
belongings　
misery
miserable
self
selfish
selfless
selflessly　
genuine
genuinely
persevere
perseverance
resolve
resolution
12.　　　　 adj. 残酷的;残忍的;冷酷的→　　　　 adv. 残酷地;残忍地→________ n. 残酷;残忍
13.　　　　 adj. 深入的;彻底的;细致的→ 　　 　　 adv. 彻底地;完全地
14.　　　　 vt. (为房屋或房间)配备家具→　　　 　 adj. 配备好家具的→_________ n. 家具
15.________ n. 运气;财富→________ adj. 幸运的→____________ adj. 不幸的→______________adv. 不幸地;遗憾地
cruel
cruelly
Cruelty
thorough
thoroughly　
furnish
furnished
furniture　
fortune
fortunate
unfortunate
unfortunately
16.　　　　 vt. 指导　n. 导游;指南;指导手册→　　　　 n. 指导;引导;导航
17.　　　　 vt.&vi. 公布;宣传;做广告→　　 　　 n. 广告→____________ n. 广告活动;广告业
18.　　　　 adj. 汹涌的;粗糙的;粗略的→　　　　 adv. 粗糙地;粗略地
19.　　　　 adj. 忠诚的;忠实的→　　　　 adv. 忠诚地;忠实地→
　　　　 n. 忠诚;忠实
guide
guidance
advertise
advertisement
advertising　
rough
roughly　
loyal
loyally
loyalty
【语境活用】使用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Activities all take place under the 　　　　(guide) of an experienced tutor.
2.The man was condemned to six years in prison for treating his wife_______ (cruel).
3.Colleges provide comfortable, fully _________single rooms so they don’t have to buy any________. (furnish)
4.She lost all her 　　　　 (belong) in the earthquake but the government immediately gave her a hand.
guidance　
cruelly　
furnished
furniture　
belongings
5.He went to America to make a 　　　　and he was 　　　　enough to make much money. 　　　 , his money was lost in a fire. (fortune)
6.in my opinion, he is 　　　　for the job. After all, he has so many good 　　　　, which contribute to doing the job well. (qualify)
7.He made a 　　　　 (commit) to himself that he would never show any prejudice to cleaning women.
fortune 　
fortunate
Unfortunately　
qualified
qualities
commitment
8.Bob checked the equipment ___________(thorough), only to find the power was not set.
9.Having read this 　　　　 (advertise) several times, I decided to apply for the marketing manager position.
10.They made a 　　　　 (resolve) to lose all the weight gained during the Christmas holidays.
thoroughly　
advertisement
resolution
高频短语串记
◎单元短语再现
turn down;be qualified for;make fire;give off;be sensitive to;
become stuck in;keep one’s spirits up;make it;hold on;set off;
pay back;consist of
【语境活用】选用前面短语的适当形式填空
1.He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and
　　　　　　　　.
2.On hearing the boy was missing, all his relatives 　　　　　　　　at once in search of him.
make fire　 　
set off
3.If you want to apply for that job, you need to prove in your resume that you 　　　　　　　　　　　that position.
4.A student’s education does not only 　　　　　　　　learning academic subjects.
5.Tom had to 　　　　　　　　the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
are qualified for
consist of　
turn down
6.Madam Curie insisted that there was something in nature that_________ radiation.
7.If you want to be famous, you must 　　　　　　　　to your dream.
8.She 　　　　　　　　　other people’s feelings and can feel their happiness and sorrow.
gave off
hold on　
is sensitive to
重点句型仿写
背原句 明句型 巧仿写
Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
哦,有一天早上我碰巧买了一份报纸,看到了南极探险的广告。 It+动词(词组)+从句 1.______________________(我突然想到) I should help my mother do more housework.
It occurred to
me that
But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
但是我对和他们一起去的想法非常热切,所以我偷偷地登上了“坚忍”号,藏在一个小柜子里。 so…that…引导结果状语从句　 2.The little girl was______________ 　　　　　　　　(如此可爱以至于) everyone likes her.
so lovely/cute that
背原句 明句型 巧仿写
It will eventually lead to success as long as you persevere.
只要你坚持不懈,最终就会成功。 as long as引导条件状语从句 3.__________________________(只要你幸福), that’s all that matters.
If it weren’t for sea animals, we would all starve.
如果没有海洋动物,我们都会饿死。 if引导的虚拟条件句 4._______________　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (如果我没有看见它) with my own eyes, I wouldn’t have believed it.
As long as you’re
If I hadn’t seen it
happy
★考点多维突破
词汇精磨
1.qualified adj. 符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)This man was not qualified 　　　　(drive) and was speeding.
(2)We qualified 　　　　the final by beating Stanford on Tuesday.
(3)Her previous teaching experience is a necessary 　　　　(qualify) for this job.
(4)I wasn’t 　　　　(qualify) to apply for the job really but I got it anyhow.
【答案】(1)to drive　(2)for　(3)qualification　(4)qualified
【再精写】微写作
(5)在16岁时,他就有资格进入汉堡大学。
At the age of sixteen, he 　　　　　　　　a place at the University of Hamburg.
【答案】(5)was qualified for
【归纳拓展】
(1)be/feel qualified to do sth.有资格做某事
(2)be qualified for具备……资格的;适合担任……的
(3)qualify vt. 使具备资格　vi. 合格
qualify for… 取得……的资格
qualify sb.for… 使某人能胜任……
qualify sb.to do… 使某人有资格做……
(4)qualification n. 资格;资历
have (no) qualifications for (doing) sth. (没)有做……的资格
have (no) qualifications to do sth.(没)有做……的资格
2.assign vt. 分配;分派;布置
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)We assign different questions 　　　　everyone, and then everyone is responsible for writing the 　　　　(assign) questions.
(2)Now we need to decide how we’re going to do this 　　　　(assign).
(3)British forces have been assigned 　　　　(help) with peacekeeping.
【答案】(1)to;assigned　(2)assignment (3)to help
【再精写】微写作
(4)人们开始明白了我为什么会被定为这里的首席翻译。
People began to understand why I 　　　　　　　　　　the Chief Interpreter here.
【答案】(4)was assigned as
【归纳拓展】
(1)assign sb.sth.=assign sth. to sb.分配给某人某物
assign sb.to sth.指派某人做某一项工作
assign sb.as sth. 指派某人任某一职务
assign sb.to do sth. 指派某人做某事
(2)assignment n. [C,U](分派的)工作;任务;[U](工作等的)分派;布置
(3)assigned adj. 分配的;分配好的
the assigned task 分配好的任务
3.abandon vt. 抛弃;放弃;舍弃
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)As far as I know, he abandoned 　　　　(teach) in favour of a career as a musician.
(2)You should not be abandoned 　　　　eating and drinking.
(3)He 　　　　　　　(abandon) by his father when he was three months old.
(4)The kind woman decided to take care of the 　　　　(abandon) cats.
【答案】(1)teaching　(2)to　(3)was abandoned　(4)abandoned
【再精写】微写作
(5)玩电脑游戏对你的健康有害。不要让你自己沉溺于这种享乐中。
Playing computer games is harmful to your health. Don’t _____________　　　　　　　　　　this kind of pleasure.
【答案】(5)abandon yourself to
【归纳拓展】
(1)abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to (doing) sth.使某人自己纵情/沉溺于(做)某事
be abandoned to (doing) sth.纵情/沉溺于(做)某事
(2)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;废弃的;放纵的(可作前置定语或表语)
4.envy n.&vt. 羡慕;妒忌
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)It was obvious that his attitude toward her was out 　　　　envy.
(2)He saw the 　　　　(envy) look in the other boys’ eyes.
(3)The girl was envied 　　　　her beautiful voice.
【答案】(1)of　(2)envious　(3)for
【再精写】微写作
(4)他们的新游泳池使他们成为邻居羡慕的对象。
Their new pool made them 　　　　　　　　　their neighbours.
【答案】(4)the envy of
【归纳拓展】
(1)out of envy出于嫉妒
with envy 羡慕地;嫉妒地
the envy of sb. 某人羡慕/嫉妒的对象
(2)envy sb.sth. 羡慕某人某事
envy sb.for sth. 因……羡慕某人
(3)envious adj. 羡慕的;忌妒的
5.commitment n. 承诺;保证;责任;投入;奉献
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)The government has made a 　　　　(commit) to provide urban citizens with improved community services and facilities.
(2)He deserves to be sent to prison for having 　　　　(commit) a crime.
(3)The president committed himself to 　　　(reform) health care.
【答案】(1)commitment　(2)committed (3)reforming
【再精写】微写作　
(4)政府决心要大力发展本国的教育事业。
The government 　　　　　　　　　　greatly developing education in the country.
【答案】(4)is committed to
【归纳拓展】
(1)make a commitment 做出承诺
(2)commit v. 犯(罪或错误等);承诺;投入;忠于
commit a crime/an error 犯罪/错误
commit oneself to (doing) sth.承诺做某事;致力于做某事
commit to… 忠于……
(3)committed adj. 尽心尽力的;坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth.=be devoted/dedicated to (doing) sth.
致力于做某事
6.turn down 拒绝;调低
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)Could you please turn 　　　　the heat I feel freezing cold.
(2)I put forward a suggestion, but to my disappointment, they turned it 　　　　.
(3)We thought it was a genuine antique, but it turned 　　　　to be a fake.
【答案】(1)up　(2)down　(3)out
【再精写】微写作
(4)你最好把捡到的钱交上来。毕竟,这是一种美德。
You’d better 　　　　　　　　the money that you found. After all, it is a virtue.
(5)我感到有人拍了一下我的肩膀,于是转过身去。
I felt a tapping on my shoulder and I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(6)我过去常常求助于你,你也总能为我排忧解难。
I’ve always 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and you’ve always helped me out.
【答案】(4)turn in　(5)turned around (6)turned to you for help
【归纳拓展】
turn up 调大;出现
turn in 上交
turn out 结果是;证明是
turn to 转向;求助于;翻到
turn around 转身
turn over 翻转;翻身
7.give off 发出(热、光、气味或气体等)
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)This kind of food gave 　　　　an unbearable flavour.
(2)He gave 　　　　his job in advertising because he couldn’t stand the pace.
(3)The millionaire gave 　　　　all his money to the poor.
【答案】(1)off　(2)up　(3)away
【再精写】微写作
(4)当我们离目的地只有几英里的路程时,汽油用完了。
When we were only a few miles from our destination, the petrol 　　　　　　　　.
(5)她归还了从哈姆雷特那里收到的所有信件和珍贵的戒指。
She 　　　　　　　　all the letters and valuable rings that she had received from Hamlet.
(6)她抑制不住好奇心,没有经过我同意就打开了我的包。
She 　　　　　　　　　　curiosity and opened my bag without my permission.
【答案】(4)gave out　(5)gave back　(6)gave in to
【归纳拓展】
give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事
give in (to)… (向……)屈服/让步/投降
give out 分发;用完;用尽
give away 赠送;泄露
give back 归还;送回
句型精讲
1.(教材P38)Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
哦,有一天早上我碰巧买了一份报纸,看到了南极探险的广告。
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)It occurred 　　　　me that I had left the door unlocked.
(2)　　　　 makes no difference to me whether you are rich or poor.
(3)It remains to be seen 　　　　the operation is successful.
【答案】(1)to　(2)It　(3)whether
【再精写】微写作
(4)我们那天晚上去看望他们时,他们碰巧不在家。
　　　　　　　　　　 they were out when we called on them that evening.
(5)结果证明这方法不太管用。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 this method didn’t work well.
【答案】(4)It happened that (5)It turned out that
【句法分析】
语法现象 “It+动词(词组)+从句”句型
考点 it为形式主语
It happened that… 碰巧……
It hit/struck sb.that…
某人突然想起……
It occurred to sb.that…
某人突然想起……
It makes no difference that…
……没有任何区别。
It remains to be seen…
……有待于被关注;有待考察;拭目以待
It turned out that…
结果是/证明是……
2.(教材P38)But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
但是我对和他们一起去的想法非常热切,所以我偷偷地登上了“坚忍”号,藏在一个小柜子里。
【先精练】单句语法填空
(1)It was 　　　　good weather that we decided to go to the park for a walk.
(2)There are 　　　　many kinds of bikes that we don’t know which to choose.
(3)There was so much noise outside 　　　　we couldn’t hear what the teacher said.
【答案】(1)such　(2)so　(3)that
【再精写】微写作
(4)损坏是如此严重,要修好就得花几千块钱。
The damage was 　　　　　　　　　　it would cost thousands to repair.
(5)这本书非常重要,无论如何也要出版。(so位于句首)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that it must be published at any cost.
【答案】(4)so serious that (5)So important is the book
【句法分析】
语法现象 so/such…that… 如此……以至于……
考点 so和such
的选择 so+adj./adv.+that…
so+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词+that…
so+many/few+可数名词复数+that…
so+much/little(少)+不可数名词+that…
such+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+that…
such(+adj.)+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that…
that引导结果状语从句
【名师点击】
如果so或such位于句首,主句要用部分倒装。
Such clever a boy was Bill that he solved the problem right away.
比尔是一个如此聪明的男孩,他立刻就算出了这个题。
※真题长难句精讲精析
(2021·天津卷)Sometimes it’s hard to make a change, but I’m so glad I set the wheels of change in motion with that very small first step because it has led me to where I am today.
[句式解构]本句为主从复合句。 第一个it在句中作 　　　　　　;because引导
　　　　从句;where引导　　　　从句,作介词to的宾语。
[句意翻译]_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________
形式主语
原因状语
宾语
有时候做出改变很难,但我很高兴我用这小小的第一步启动
了改变的车轮,因为它让我走到了今天的位置。
★能力优化集训
课本回放
◎语境填词
advertising;guidance;resolve;recreation;cruel;fortunately;furniture;assign
My nephew likes sports. He is often seen in the 1._______________　　　　　　 center, playing badminton with his friends. He is a reliable person. Last year, he made an application for a job in an 2.　　　　　　 agency. 3.　　　　　　, he was hired by the company.
recreation　
advertising
Fortunately
Under the 4.　　　　　　 of his boss, his work was to advertise corporate culture. Once he was 5.　　　　　　 to make a thorough investigation to a private enterprise, which made profits by selling 6.　　　　　. However, when he reached the company, he found that the owner beat his dog in a 7.　　　　　　 way while it was barking. As a result, he 8.　　　　　　 not to advertise the company.
　
guidance　
assigned
furniture　
cruel　
resolved
技能提升
【语境辨义】根据语境写出黑体词的词性及含义
1.It took about two hours to load all the people aboard. 　　　　　
2.She resolved to report the matter to the hospital’s nursing supervisor.
　　　　　
3.When she arrived home from work, the dog threw itself against the door and barked madly at her. 　　　　　
4.In Chinese folklore the bat is a symbol of good fortune. 　　　　　
adv. 在船上　
v. 决定;决心　
v. 吠叫　
n. 蝙蝠
5.Parts of the motor wore out because of constant usage. 　　　　　 ____
6.Captain Cook safely navigated his ship without any accident for 100 voyages.
　　　　　
　　
发动机;马达
n. 航海;航行
n.
写作空间
◎佳句回眸
1.我突然想到这个外国人就是我在超市看到的那个人!(it作形式主语)
　　　　　　　　　　　　 this foreigner was the one I saw in the supermarket!
【答案】It hit/struck me that
2.我并不想吃任何东西,但冰激凌看起来太好吃了,我忍不住尝了尝。(so…that…)
I didn’t mean to eat anything but the ice cream looked___________ 　　　　　　　　　　I couldn’t help trying it.
【答案】so tasty that
3.他对父母做出了一个承诺,退休后同他们一起生活。(commitment)
He 　　　　　　　　　　　　his parents that he would live with them after retirement.
【答案】made a commitment to
4.这些燃料燃烧时释放出热量,这是常识。(give off)
It is a common sense that these fuels 　　　　　　　　　　when they burn.
【答案】give off heat
5.她感觉自己被需要了,决定放弃出国留学的计划。(abandon)
She felt she was needed and decided 　　　　　　　　　　　　of studying abroad.
【答案】to abandon her plan
◎短文写作
根据汉语提示并运用本单元的词汇和语法写一篇短文
我们都知道,逆境可以让人成长,而痛苦的经历可以让人变得更加成熟。上个月,玛丽和彼得计划去探险。虽然他们的父母拒绝了他们的要求,他们还是偷偷地去了。他们对这次探险很热情。起初他们想坐船去一个荒岛,但是在路上他们遇到了暴风雨,船几乎沉了。幸运的是,他们没有受伤,最后成功到达了岛上。
【答案】One possible version:
　　 As we all know, adversity can make people grow, while bitter and painful experiences can make people become more mature. Last month, Mary and Peter planned an expedition. Although their parents refused their request, they still went secretly. They were enthusiastic about the expedition. First they wanted to go to an abandoned island by boat, but on the way they met a storm and the boat almost sank. Fortunately, they didn’t get hurt and succeeded in reaching the island finally.