吉林省普通高中2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末考试英语试卷(含答案)
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| 名称 | 吉林省普通高中2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末考试英语试卷(含答案) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-02-04 02:38:45 | ||
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吉林省普通高中2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末考试英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Which is the Right Fitness Pathway for You
At our gym, we offer several fitness pathways catering to (满足)different needs and goals. Let’s explore each option in more detail:
Gym Welcome
Price: Free
Session duration: Up to 25 minutes
This pathway is ideal for members who are new to a gym environment. During this session, our aim is to familiarize you with all our facilities and services. You will learn about the key health and safety aspects of the gym and understand how to use the fitness equipment effectively. Additionally, you’ll have the opportunity to speak with a member of our staff who can provide exercise advice to help you get started on your fitness journey.
Personal Program
Price: Free
Session duration: Up to 55 minutes
The Personal Program pathway is suitable for everyone, especially those who are new to the gym. This program is designed to meet your individual needs, ensuring a more effective workout. The length of the program can be tailored(专门定制)according to your requirements. Once the program is complete, you can choose to renew it or explore other program options offered by our gym. Please note that personal programs are limited to one program per member every 12 weeks.
Personal Training
Price: 45 per session
Buy five sessions for the price of four at 180.
Session duration: 60 minutes
Group Personal Training
Price:
-Two-person personal training session: 60
-Three-person personal training session: 75
-Five four-person personal training sessions: 240
-Five five-person personal training sessions: 330
How to book
If you would like to book or have any questions about the sessions on this page, please speak to a member of staff. This can also be done via email at fitness@sport.cam.ac.uk.
1．Who is the “Gym Welcome” session most suitable for
A. New gym members. B. Experienced gym-goers.
C. Athletes and competitors. D. Students with specific fitness goals.
2．What do we know about the “Personal Program”？
A. It can be renewed at any time.
B. It provides individualized workouts.
C. It will be a one-time free session for anyone.
D. It is designed to meet the needs of the majority.
3．If someone wants to engage in “Group Personal Training” with two friends, what would be the total cost for five sessions
A. 180. B. 240. C. 300. D. 375.
The Price of a Dream
I grew up poor. We had little money, but plenty of love and attention. I understood that no matter how poor a person was, they could still afford a dream. My dream was athletics.
By the time I was sixteen, I was good at baseball and football. My high school coach was Ollie Jarvis. He not only believed in me, but taught me the difference between having a dream and showing conviction (信念).
One summer a friend recommended me for a summer job. This meant a chance for money in my pocket — cash for dates with girls, certainly, money for a new bike and new clothes, and the start of savings for a house for my mother.
Then I realized I would have to give up summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach Jarvis I wouldn’t be playing. I was afraid of this, but my mother said, “If you make your bed, you have to lie in it.”
When I told Coach Jarvis, he was as mad as I expected him to be. “Your playing days are limited. You can’t afford to waste them,” he said.
I stood before him with my head hanging, trying to think of the words that would explain to him why I dream of buying my mom a house.
“How much are you going to make at this job, son ” he demanded.
“Three point twenty-five an hour,” I replied.
“Well,” he asked, “is $3. 25 an hour the price of a dream ”
That question exposed the difference between wanting something right now and having a goal. I devoted myself to sports that summer, and within the year I was drafted by the Pittsburgh Pirates to play rookie-league ball, and offered a $20, 000 contract. I signed with the Denver Broncos in 1984 for $1.7 million, and bought my mother my dream house.
4．Why was the writer grateful to Coach Jarvis
A. Because Coach Jarvis made him set a goal.
B. Because Coach Jarvis supplied him with new clothes.
C. Because Coach Jarvis gave him financial support.
D. Because Coach Jarvis helped him show conviction.
5．What did the writer want to do when he was offered a job
A. Balance summer baseball and the work schedule.
B. Refuse the job offer for summer baseball.
C. Give up summer baseball for the job.
D. Ask his coach Jarvis for advice.
6．Which of the following can replace the underlined part “If you make your bed, you have to lie in it.” in paragraph 4
A. You must eat the bitter fruit of your own making.
B. Believe in yourself, but above all be patient.
C. You must rely on yourself first, then others.
D. A good beginning makes a good ending.
7．What did the writer do at the end of the story
A. He failed to buy his mother a house.
B. He succeeded as a sportsman.
C. He became a successful businessman.
D. He made some money in the summer job.
The entire country struggled with the unprecedented heat of the July 2022 heatwave, but for the disabled, the heat hit even harder. The climate crisis is a threat to everyone’s health, but according to a report in 2021, people with disabilities are more delicate to the extreme weather events and natural disasters that result from the climate crisis.
Professor Kristie Ebi of the Centre for Health and the Global at the University of Washington, described the topic of heatwaves and disabled people as being an important issue. “Groups at higher risk during periods of high temperature include people with chronic (慢性的) medical conditions, people who take certain medications that can reduce the ability of the body to sweat, and the “disabled”, notes Ebi, going on to describe the different threats that heatwaves pose for different types of disabilities. Ebi notes the difficulty people with mobility issues or blindness may have with accessing services, such as cooling shelters, Ebi also comments on the importance of making messaging on the dangers of high temperatures accessible to those with learning disabilities or to deaf people. “Some studies suggest higher rates of suicide and other mental health issues during heatwaves, requiring targeted help for those with mental disabilities,” she added.
Ailsa Speak, a disability and lifestyle blogger, experiences uncontrollable movements in the heat due to her cerebral palsy (脑瘫). “As you can imagine, when my involuntary movements increase, I get even hotter. It’s just a painful circle really.”
In the absence of a concrete set of plans for people with disabilities during the climate crisis and extreme weather events, people with disabilities continue to be at increased risk of heat-related disease.
To prevent future death and destruction, the Climate Change Committee (CCC), an independent organization tackling climate change, advocates for adaptation planning, as the temperature is set to rise further due to the climate crisis and global warming. The CCC’s 2022 report on the health risks of overheating offers adaptation options to the government to ensure that buildings are fit for future climate change. Nevertheless, the publication does not offer specific advice about people with disabilities and overheating, which thus remains to be discussed promptly and thoroughly.
8．Which of the following would Professor Ebi most probably agree with
A. Heatwaves make people with chronic diseases suffer most
B. The mentally disabled have no access to cooling shelter
C. Mobility disability contributes to higher risk of suicide in the heatwaves
D. Some disabled people are ill-informed about the risks of heatwaves
9．Why does the author mention Ailsa Speak
A. To share a disabled blogger’s painful life
B. To show what a terrible disease cerebral palsy is
C. To illustrate the trouble the disabled have in the heat
D. To prove the never-before-seen highs in temperature
10．The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to
A. suggest methods of helping the disabled in heatwaves
B. stress the urgent need to care for the disabled in the heat
C. tell readers how severe the July 2022 heatwave was
D. introduce adaptation alternatives for future buildings
11．Where does this passage probably come from
A. The newspaper. B. A fiction novel
C. A biography D. A chemical paper
Human speech contains more than 2, 000 different sounds, from the common "m" and "a" to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as "f" and "v", were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of "f" and "v" increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. "The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution," said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
12．Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on
A. Its variety. B.Its distribution.
C.Its quantity. D. Its development.
13．Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
14．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
15．What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A. It is key to effective communication. B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system. D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
二、七选五
16．Looking to make the biggest impact during a crisis This guide will help you get the necessary resources to the right people quickly and easily, as well as help you prepare for a potential emergency. ①_________.
Create a fundraiser.
Put simply, more people equals more money, and creating your own fundraiser is a great way to encourage people who want to help. If you’re dealing with a local natural disaster, start by raising money through your community②_________, on the organization’s site or through an app; thus, you won’t have to deal with transferring donations through your personal account.
Collect supplies.
③_________. Start by checking an organization’s website; they often have lists of what is needed and where to send it. Or call community offices in the affected area to see what specific needs they have.
Donate your skills or time.
You can contact your local emergency services, to see if they are seeking a helping hand. If you don’t have a particular skill, offer your time to help with clean up afterward. However, always call or check online first. ④_________. In reality, you will be adding one more person to the already strained situation.
⑤_________.
One of the most helpful things you can do in a natural disaster is to prepare yourself ahead of time. Not only will these preventive measures protect you, but they will also limit damage in case disaster strikes. The first step is to find out which disasters are most likely to affect you. The second step is stocking up on essential emergency items.
A. Learn to cooperate with others
B. Prepare for a natural disaster in advance
C. Here is how to help those affected by natural disasters
D. Designate a charity to receive the funds so people can donate directly
E. If you’re trying to figure out how to help with natural disasters, you’re in the right place
F. It’s best to take a little extra time to figure out what is really in short of
G. Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster zone expecting to find ways to help
三、完形填空（15空）
Lucas majors in classic linguistics (语言学). He is equal to recognizing a language in a(n) 1 way no matter how unfamiliar it is. Last year, he 2 a shell with some totally strange 3 carved on it at a small stand.
Based on his demanding 4 he knew it was from a small village. Besides, after 5 some information in many reference books, he had his point of view: the symbols were 6 as a variety of the writing system of Jiaguwen, a kind of writing system which dates back to 1500 BC.
Lucas had a 7 attitude to the discovery and applied to his university for a further research by visiting the village. With permission given, he visited it. He found the mother tongue of the villagers was a special dialect, whose vocabulary 8 from Mandarin spoken by 1.4 billion people.
Despite many 9 , understanding the dialect and finding more shells helped him complete a report. The report was 10 where he gave a full description: The characters 11 by a small nation in the Shang Dynasty were passed down by means of bones and 12 . Afterwards, the nation went through ups and downs, 13 for hundreds of years. But it 14 disappeared due to some factors.
Lucas’s report was a 15 in the academic field, attracting more people to these special characters.
17．A. ancient B. narrow C. specific D. demanding
18．A. appreciated B. begged C. discovered D. buried
19．A. pants B. affairs C. symbols D. gaps
20．A. calligraphy B. investigation C. delivery D. summary
21．A. looking up B. applying for C. sweeping away D. coming along
22．A. honored B. regarded C. employed D. recommended
23．A. extra B. serious C. calm D. suitable
24．A. suffered B. learned C. differed D. survived
25．A. emergencies B. eruptions C. crashes D. challenges
26．A. supplied B. destroyed C. carved D. published
27．A. sheltered B. told C. created D. donated
28．A. shells B. bricks C. metal D. pipes
29．A. struggling B. appreciating C. unifying D. tapping
30．A. fluently B. positively C. extremely D. finally
31．A. joke B. signal C. hit D. champion
四、首字母填空
32．Everyone has s _________and weaknesses. So we should try our best to further strengthen the former and improve the latter. (根据首字母单词拼写)
33．G _________warming has become one of the most shocking problems in today’s society. (根据首字母单词拼写)
34．The brave firefighter r _________three children from the burning house yesterday.(根据首字母单词拼写)
35．The old farmer was very upset because the strong winds caused great d_________ to his wheat. (根据首字母单词拼写)
36．If you are found c _________in the exam, all your academic grades for the semester will be canceled. (根据首字母单词拼写)
五、单词拼写
37．The frequent natural _________ (灾难) have brought people in the area more than $4 million worth of damage. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
38．When his father came in, Jim p_________ (假装)to be doing his homework. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
39．Students in Grade One feel greatly _________ (荣幸的)to perform on the stage of the 24th Foreign Language and Culture Festival of CFLS. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
40．When I listen to _________ (本国的) English speakers talking in a video, I can catch only a few words. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
41．As for students like us, we should have good_________ (态度)towards life even if the cruel reality ruins our dreams.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
六、翻译题
42．仿佛世界末日即将来临！(汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________
43．尽管历经浮沉，这幢建筑仍旧状况完好。(汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________
44．长春是我们班大多数同学们出生的城市。(汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________
45．The earthquake that happened in Tangshan in 1976 shocked the people all over the world. (英译汉)
_______________________________________________________________
46．Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. (英译汉)
_______________________________________________________________
七、选词填空
47．A. attendance B. consequently C. current D. depressing E. dropping F. essential G. feasible H. flow I. mood J. mutually K. particularly L. performance M. review N. survive O. tend
Physical activity does the body good, and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, ①_________ to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a②_________ of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic③_________, investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, ④_________ in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.
The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to⑤_________ on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. ⑥_________ in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be⑦_________ exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood⑧_________ to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are⑨_________ to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve⑩_________ and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they are running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.
八、语法填空
48．The number of people that were killed or badly injured in the quake_________ (be) more than 100,000. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49．The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those_________ were trapped and to bury the dead. (用适当的词填空)
50．My plane_________ (take) off at 9:20, so I must be at the airport by 8:30. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51．I have a high regard_________ him as a coach; he is very strict in his job. (用适当的词填空)
52．_________ (lose) two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart.(所给词的适当形式填空)
九、书面表达
53．假如你叫李华,进入高三的学习,压力很大,想和父母说说心里话,请你用英文在你的博客上用书信形式表达出来。主要内容如下：
知心话 感恩—感谢父母的关心、鼓励 对父母的期望—(1)多加交流 (2)适时提供帮助
学习打算 考生自拟(至少写两点)
注意：
(1)短文必须包括所有内容要点,可适当发挥。
(2)词数：100左右(开头与结尾已给出,不计入词数)。
Dear Mom and Dad, With the College Entrance Examination approaching, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mom and Dad, I am quite confident about my future. Wish you good health and a happy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据“Gym Welcome”部分中“This pathway is ideal for members who are new to a gym environment.”(这一课程对于刚进入健身房的会员来说是理想的选择。)可知，该课程最适合新的健身房会员。故选A项。
2．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据“Personal Program”部分中“This program is designed to meet your Individual needs, ensuring a more effective workout. The length of the program can be tailored according to your requirements.”(该计划旨在满足你的个人需求，确保更有效的锻炼。课程长度可根据您的要求量身定制。)可知，“个人计划”提供个性化的锻炼。故选B项。
3．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据“Group Personal Training”部分中“Three-person personal training session: 75(三人私人培训课程：75英镑)可知，如果有人想和两个朋友一起参加“团体个人训练”，五次训练的总费用是75×5=375英镑。故选D项。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“He not only believed in me, but taught me the difference between having a dream and showing conviction (信念). (他不仅相信我，而且教会了我有梦想和表现出信念之间的区别。)”可知，作者感激Jarvis教练是因为教练帮助作者建立了坚定的信念。故选D项。
5．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Then I realized I would have to give up summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach Jarvis I wouldn’t be playing. (然后我意识到我将不得不放弃夏季棒球来处理工作日程，这意味着我必须告诉Jarvis教练我不会参加比赛。)”可知，当作者得到一份工作时，他想放弃夏季棒球训练，转而去做那份工作。故选C项。
6．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第四段“Then I realized I would have to give up summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach Jarvis I wouldn’t be playing. I was afraid of this, but my mother said, “If you make your bed, you have to lie in it.” (然后我意识到我将不得不放弃夏季棒球来处理工作日程，这意味着我必须告诉Jarvis教练我不会参加比赛。我很担心，但我妈妈说：“如果你铺床，你就必须躺在床上。”)” 可推断，对于作者放弃棒球去工作这件事，作者的妈妈告诫作者：自己造成的结果要自己来承受，要勇敢面对自己导致的结果。故选A项。
7．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“I devoted myself to sports that summer, and within the year I was drafted by the Pittsburgh Pirates to play rookie-league ball, and offered a $20, 000 contract. I signed with the Denver Broncos in 1984 for $1.7 million, and bought my mother my dream house. (那年夏天，我全身心投入到体育运动中，不到一年，我就被匹兹堡海盗队（Pittsburgh Pirates）选中打新秀联盟球，并得到了一份2万美元的合同。1984年，我以170万美元的价格与丹佛野马队签约，并给母亲买了我梦想中的房子。)”可知，作者作为一名运动员取得了成功。故选B项。
8．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后二句“Ebi also comments on the importance of making messaging on the dangers of high temperatures accessible to those with learning disabilities or to deaf people. Some studies suggest higher rates of suicide and other mental health issues during heatwaves, requiring targeted help for those with mental disabilities”（Ebi还说明向有学习障碍的人或聋哑人提供高温危险信息的重要性。一些研究表明，在热浪期间，自杀率和其他精神健康问题更高，需要为精神残疾人士提供有针对性的帮助）可知，Ebi认为向残疾人士提供高温危险信息非常重要，一些有精神疾病的残疾人因为缺乏帮助和信息导致热浪期间，自杀率和其他精神健康问题更高，说明一些残疾人不了解热浪的危害。故选D项。
9．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Ailsa Speak, a disability and lifestyle blogger, experiences uncontrollable movements in the heat due to her cerebral palsy. “As you can imagine, when my involuntary movements increase, I get even hotter. It’s just a painful circle really.””（残疾和生活方式博主Ailsa Speak由于脑瘫，在炎热的天气里会出现无法控制的动作。“你可以想象，当我的无意识动作增加时，我变得更热了。这真的是一个痛苦的循环。”）可知，举Ailsa Speak的例子是为了具体说明残疾人在高温下的烦恼。故选C项。
10．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“The climate crisis is a threat to everyone’s health, but according to a report in 2021, people with disabilities are more delicate to the extreme weather events and natural disasters that result from the climate crisis.”（气候危机威胁着每个人的健康，但根据2021年的一份报告，残疾人更容易受到气候危机导致的极端天气事件和自然灾害的影响。）及最后一段最后一句“Nevertheless, the publication does not offer specific advice about people with disabilities and overheating, which thus remains to be discussed promptly and thoroughly.”（然而，该出版物并没有提供关于残疾人和热浪侵袭的具体建议，因此，这仍有待及时和彻底的讨论。）并结合文章对于残疾人在高温下的烦恼的具体说明可知，本文主要是为了强调在高温下照顾残疾人的迫切需要。故选B项。
11．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“The entire country struggled with the unprecedented heat of the July 2022 heatwave, but for the disabled, the heat hit even harder. The climate crisis is a threat to everyone’s health, but according to a report in 2021, people with disabilities are more delicate to the extreme weather events and natural disasters that result from the climate crisis.”（整个国家都在与2022年7月前所未有的热浪作斗争，但对残疾人来说，热浪的打击更加严重。气候危机威胁着每个人的健康，但根据2021年的一份报告，残疾人更容易受到气候危机导致的极端天气事件和自然灾害的影响。）可知，本文主要介绍了热浪侵袭对残疾人的影响，属于时事文章，应选自报刊。故选A项。
12．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第二段内容可知,Damián Blasi的研究集中在人类语音的发展。故选D。
13．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,研究人员发现古代成年人的上下门牙是对齐的,很难发出唇齿音,而唇齿音由下唇接触上齿发出。之后,我们的下巴变成了覆咬合结构,这使我们更容易发出这样的声音。由此可推知,古人的下巴构造使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C。
14．答案：A
解析：段落大意题。由第五段内容可知,对语言数据库的分析也证实,新石器时代之后,世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化。此段主要列出一些可以使研究结果更令人信服的证据。故选A。
15．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据题干可将解题信息定位到文章的最后一段。Steven Moran认为:自从人类出现以来,我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定,今天我们发现的各种语音都是像生物变化和文化进化等事物相互作用的产物。由此可推知,它是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C。
16．答案：①-⑤CDFGB
解析：①由下文小标题“Create a fundraiser (创建筹款活动)”及“Collect supplies (收集补给。)”及“Donate your skills or time (贡献您的技能或时间。)”可知，这里具体说明帮助灾区及灾区人民的方法。C项“Here is how to help those affected by natural disasters(以下是如何帮助那些受到自然灾害影响的人的方法)”引出下文，介绍如何帮助受到自然灾害影响的人，符合语境。故选C项。
②由上文“Put simply, more people equals more money, and creating your own fundraiser is a great way to encourage people who want to help. If you’re dealing with a local natural disaster, start by raising money through your community(简单地说，人多等于钱多，创建自己的筹款活动是鼓励想帮助的人的好方法。如果你正在处理当地的自然灾害，首先要通过你的社区筹集资金)”可知，这里主要讲筹集资金去帮助人们。D项“Designate a charity to receive the funds so people can donate directly(指定一个慈善机构接收资金，以便人们可以直接捐款)”符合语境，其中receive the funds与上文raising money through your community对应，有承上作用。故选D项。
③由下文“Start by checking an organization’s website; they often have lists of what is needed and where to send it. Or call community offices in the affected area to see what specific needs they have.(首先检查组织的网站；他们通常有需要什么以及发送到哪里的清单。或者致电受影响地区的社区办公室，了解他们有什么具体需求。)”可知，这里介绍了解受害地区需求的方法。F项“It’s best to take a little extra time to figure out what is really in short of(最好花一点额外的时间来弄清楚到底缺什么)”引出下文，介绍了解受害地区需求的方法。故选F项。
④根据上文“You can contact your local emergency services, to see if they are seeking a helping hand. If you don’t have a particular skill, offer your time to help with clean up afterward. However, always call or check online first.(你可以联系当地的紧急服务部门，看看他们是否正在寻求帮助。如果你没有特别的技能，请提供时间帮助之后的打扫清理。但是，请务必先致电或在线查看。)”及下文“In reality, you will be adding one more person to the already strained situation.(实际上，你将给已经水深火热的受灾地区再添一个需要帮助的人。)”可知，我们应该主动向受害地区询问，献出自己的一份力量。G项“Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster zone expecting to find ways to help(不要不确认就一个人做志愿者，期待能帮到别人)”符合语境，有承上启下作用，指出我们应该提前询问，不要给灾区再添麻烦。故选G项。
⑤由下文“One of the most helpful things you can do in a natural disaster is to prepare yourself ahead of time. (在自然灾害中，你能做的最有帮助的事情之一就是提前做好准备)”可知，我们要为自然灾害提前做好准备。B项“Prepare for a natural disaster in advance. (提前为自然灾害做好准备。)”符合语境，总结下文，介绍第四个应对自然灾害的方法。故选B项。
17．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不管一门语言有多陌生，他都能以一种特定的方式识别它。A. ancient古老的；B. narrow狭窄的；C. specific特定的；D. demanding苛求的。根据上文“Lucas majors in classic linguistics (语言学). He is equal to recognizing a language”可推知，主修古典语言学的Lucas应该是有识别陌生语言的特定方式。故选C。
18．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，他在一个小摊上发现了一个贝壳，上面刻着一些完全陌生的符号。A. appreciated欣赏；B. begged乞求；C. discovered发现；D. buried埋藏。Lucas是在小摊上发现了这个表面刻着东西的贝壳。故选C。
19．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，他在一个小摊上发现了一个贝壳，上面刻着一些完全陌生的符号。A. pants裤子；B. affairs事务；C. symbols符号；D. gaps间隙。根据下文“the symbols”可知，贝壳上刻着一些完全陌生的符号。故选C。
20．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据他严格的调查，他得知它来自一个小村庄。A. calligraphy书法；B. investigation调查；C. delivery投递；D. summary总结。根据下文“he knew it was from a small village”可推知，他是通过一番调查后，得知了贝壳的来源。故选B。
21．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，在查找了许多参考书中的一些信息之后，他有了自己的观点：这些符号被认为是甲骨文书写系统的一种变体，这种书写系统可以追溯到公元前1500年。A. looking up查找；B. applying for申请；C. sweeping away扫除；D. coming along陪同。根据Lucas是对贝壳上文的符号进行研究的情境，以及下文“some information in many reference books”可推知，他查找了许多参考书中的一些信息。故选A。
22．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，在查找了许多参考书中的一些信息之后，他有了自己的观点：这些符号被认为是甲骨文书写系统的一种变体，这种书写系统可以追溯到公元前1500年。A. honored尊敬；B. regarded视为；C. employed雇佣；D. recommended推荐。根据上文“the symbols”和下文“as a variety of the writing system of Jiaguwen”可推知，此处是描述贝壳上符号的身份，应该被认为是甲骨文书写系统的一种变体，be regarded as表示“被认为是，被视作”。故选B。
23．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Lucas对这一发现持严肃的态度，并向他的大学申请通过访问村庄进行进一步的研究。A. extra额外的；B. serious严肃的；C. calm平静的；D. suitable合适的。根据下文“applied to his university for a further research by visiting the village”可知，Lucas向大学申请进行进一步的研究，由此可知，他对待这一发现是严肃认真的。故选B。
24．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现村民的母语是一种特殊的方言，其词汇与14亿人使用的普通话不同。A. suffered遭受；B. learned学到；C. differed有差异；D. survived幸存。根据上文“the mother tongue of the villagers was a special dialect”可知，村民的母语是一种特殊的方言，因此词汇应该是与普通话不同，differ from表示“不同于”。故选C。
25．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临许多挑战，但理解方言和找到更多的贝壳帮助他完成了一份报告。A. emergencies紧急情况；B. eruptions爆发；C. crashes崩溃；D. challenges挑战。Despite表明逗号前后之间是让步关系，根据Lucas是对贝壳上文的符号进行研究的情境，以及下文“understanding the dialect and finding more shells helped him complete a report”可推知，此处表示尽管面临许多挑战。故选D。
26．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：该报告发表了，他给出了完整的描述：商朝的一个小国创造的文字是通过骨头和贝壳流传下来的。A. supplied提供；B. destroyed破坏；C. carved雕刻；D. published发表。Lucas的这份报告在学术界引起了反响，因此被发表了。故选D。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：该报告发表了，他给出了完整的描述：商朝的一个小国创造的文字是通过骨头和贝壳流传下来的。A. sheltered庇护；B. told告诉；C. created创造；D. donated捐赠。根据下文“by a small nation in the Shang Dynasty”可推知，这些文字是商朝的一个小国创造的。故选C。
28．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该报告发表了，他给出了完整的描述：商朝的一个小国创造的文字是通过骨头和贝壳流传下来的。A. shells贝壳；B. bricks砖；C. metal金属；D. pipes管道。根据上文“finding more shells”可知，这些是通过骨头和贝壳流传下来的。故选A。
29．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：此后，国家经历了跌宕起伏，奋斗了数百年。A. struggling奋斗；B. appreciating欣赏；C. unifying统一；D. tapping轻拍。根据上文“the nation went through ups and downs”可知，这个国家经历了跌宕起伏，因此应该是奋斗着延续了数百年。故选A。
30．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：但由于一些因素，它最终消失了。A. fluently流利地；B. positively积极地；C. extremely极度地；D. finally最后。这个经历了跌宕起伏的国家最终还是消失了。故选D。
31．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lucas的报告在学术界引起了轰动，吸引了更多的人关注这些特殊的文字。A. joke笑话；B. signal信号；C. hit成功的或风行一时的事物；D. champion冠军。根据下文“attracting more people to these special characters”可知，这份报告吸引了更多的人关注这些特殊的文字，因此引起了轰动。故选C。
32．答案：strengths
解析：考查名词。句意：每个人都有优缺点。因此，我们应该尽力进一步加强前者，改进后者。根据“has”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示每个人都有优缺点，strength作名词，表示“优点”，根据“and weaknesses”可知，优缺点不止一个，故用名词复数。故填strengths。
33．答案： Global
解析：考查形容词。句意：全球变暖已经成为当今社会最令人震惊的问题之一。根据“warming”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处表示全球变暖，global作形容词，表示“全球的”。符合句意。故填Global。
34．答案： damage
解析：考查名词。句意：老农非常苦恼，因为强风刮坏了他的麦子。根据“great”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，结合句意可知，强风带来了极大的损害，damage作名词，表示“伤害，损害”时是不可数名词。故填damage。
35．答案：rescued
解析：考查动词。句意：昨天那位勇敢的消防队员从着火的房子里救出了三个孩子。根据句意及首字母可知，应为词义为“营救”的动词，且照应时间状语“yesterday”，故应为一般过去时。故填rescued##escued。
36．答案：cheating
解析：考查动词及非谓语动词用法。句意：如果你被发现在考试中作弊，你这学期的所有成绩将被取消。根据后面的主句表示的“本学期所有成绩都被取消”可推测这应该是针对作弊的处理办法，结合首字母c可知，动词cheat意为“作弊，欺骗”符合题意，在从句中作主语补足语，与主语主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。find somebody doing意为“发现某人正在做某事”其被动语态be found doing。故填cheating。
37．答案：disasters
解析：考查名词。句意：频繁的自然灾害给该地区的人们带来了价值超过400万美元的损失。根据所给出的汉语提示可知，应是名词“disaster”，可数名词，在句中作主语，结合谓语“have brought”可知，此处用复数形式。故填disasters。
38．答案：pretended
解析：考查动词和时态。句意：当他父亲进来时，吉姆假装正在做作业。根据汉语提示并分析句子结构可知，空处需填谓语动词，根据“came”可知，用一般过去时，pretend作动词，表示“假装”，符合句意。故填pretended。
39．答案：honored
解析：考查形容词。句意：外国语学院第二十四届外语文化节的舞台上，一年级的同学们感到无比荣幸。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为形容词honored，作表语。故填honored。
40．答案：native
解析：考查形容词。句意：当我听视频中以英语为母语的人讲话时，我只能听懂几个单词。空处作修饰English speakers的定语，“本国的”应用形容词native，表示以英语为母语的人。故填native。
41．答案：attitudes
解析：考查名词。句意：对于像我们这样的学生来说，即使残酷的现实毁掉了我们的梦想，我们也应该对生活抱有美好的态度。根据汉语提示及“good”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，attitude作名词，表示“态度”，此处泛指“一切美好的态度”，故用名词复数。故填attitudes。
42．答案：It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
解析：考查固定句型，表语从句，虚拟语气和固定短语。“仿佛……”是固定句型It seems/seemed as if...，as if引导的是表语从句，整句话描述过去的事情，seem用过去式，“世界末日即将来临”是与事实相反的情况，“即将来临”用过去进行时表将来，虚拟语气中的be动词用were，“世界末日即将来临”也就是世界即将结束，“结束”是come to an end，“世界”是the world，因此整句话翻译为“It seemed as if the world were coming to an end”。故答案为It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
43．答案：Despite its ups and downs, the building is still in good condition.
解析：考查名词，介词和短语。“尽管”用介词despite表示，其后接名词短语作宾语，“浮沉”用名词短语表示为its ups and downs，其中its指代“建筑物的”，“这幢建筑”用名词the building作主语，“仍旧”用副词still作状语，“状况完好”用短语be in good condition表示，描述现在的情况用一般现在时。故译为Despite its ups and downs, the building is still in good condition.
44．答案：Changchun is the city where most of the students in our class were born.
解析：考查时态和定语从句。“主语”Changchun，主句描述现在的客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语是单数，be动词使用is，表语“城市”the city，后接定语从句修饰名词city，从句主语“我们班大多数同学们”most of the students in our class，“出生”be born，从句描述过去的一般情况，使用一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词使用were，先行词the city指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故翻译为Changchun is the city where most of the students in our class were born.
45．答案：发生在1976年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。
解析：考查时态和定语从句。The earthquake“地震”，为定语从句的先行词，关系代词为that，作定语从句的主语， happened in Tangshan in 1976为“发生在1976年”。shocked the people all over the world翻译为“使全世界人民感到震惊”为一般过去时。故翻译为：发生在1976年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。
46．答案：而不是放弃我喜欢的食物，（而是）我向我的饮食中加入健康的食物。
解析：考查短语、从句和句子结构。分析句子可知，“rather than”应是介词短语，含义为“而不是”；“rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed”在句中作状语，其中“cutting out”译为“删掉，放弃”；“I enjoyed”为“the foods”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作宾语，关系词可省略，因此“rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed”译为“而不是放弃我喜欢的食物”；主句“I added healthy foods to my meals”为“主谓宾状”结构，其中主语为“I”，译为“我”；谓语动词“added”译为“添加”；宾语“healthy foods”译为“健康食品”；状语“to my meals”译为“向我的饮食中”，因此主句译为“我向我的饮食中添加了健康食品”。故本句可译为：而不是放弃我喜欢的食物，（而是）我向我的饮食中加入健康的食物。
47．答案：①-⑩OMLKNEJHFI
解析：①考查动词。句意：荷兰的研究人员报告说，无论是那些在学校还是自己做锻炼较多的孩子，他们的平均成绩都比较高，在标准化考试中的成绩也比较好。分析句子结构可知，that引导的宾语从句缺谓语动词，结合句意可知，那些锻炼较多的孩子，成绩也倾向于较高。tend to do sth表示“倾向于做某事”，符合句意。故填O项。
②考查名词。句意：在对14项有关体育活动和学习成绩的研究的回顾中，研究人员发现，孩子运动得越多，他们在学校的成绩就越好，尤其是在数学、英语和阅读等基础科目上。根据“a”可知，空处需填单数名词，结合句意可知，此处表示对之前研究的回顾，review作名词，表示“回顾，检查”，符合句意。故填M项。
③考查名词。句意：在对14项有关体育活动和学习成绩的研究的回顾中，研究人员发现，孩子运动得越多，他们在学校的成绩就越好，尤其是在数学、英语和阅读等基础科目上。根据“academic”可知，空处需填名词，academic performance表示“学术表现”符合句意。故填L项。
④考查副词。句意：在对14项有关体育活动和学习成绩的研究的回顾中，研究人员发现，孩子运动得越多，他们在学校的成绩就越好，尤其是在数学、英语和阅读等基础科目上。分析句子结构可知，空处需填副词作状语，particularly作副词，表示“特别，尤其”，符合句意。故填K项。
⑤考查动词。句意：这些数据肯定会加剧目前关于学校是否应该削减体育课的争论，因为学校正努力在更少的预算下生存。根据“struggle to”可知，空处需填动词原形，结合句意可知，学校正努力在更少的预算下生存，survive作动词，表示“生存，幸存”，符合句意。故填N项。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，随着美国学生标准化考试成绩的下降，一些管理人员认为，学生需要花更多的时间在教室里，而不是在操场上。根据“With standardized test scores in the U.S.”可知，此处是with的复合结构，应用非谓语动词作宾补，结合句意可知，管理人员认为，学生需要花更多的时间在教室里，而不是在操场上，是因为学生成绩在下降。dropping表示“下降”，符合句意。故填E项。
⑦考查副词。句意：但正如这些发现所显示的那样，锻炼和学习可能并不相互排斥。根据“exclusive”可知，空处需填副词作状语，mutually作副词，表示“相互地”，符合句意。故填J项。
⑧考查名词。句意：体育活动可以改善大脑的血液流动，增强记忆力、注意力和创造力，这些对学习至关重要。根据“improve blood”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，blood flow表示“血液流动”，符合句意。故填H项。
⑨考查形容词。句意：体育活动可以改善大脑的血液流动，增强记忆力、注意力和创造力，这些对学习至关重要。根据“which are”可知，空处需填形容词作表语，结合句意可知，改善大脑的血液流动，增强记忆力、注意力和创造力对学习至关重要，essential表示“重要的”，符合句意。故填F项。
⑩考查名词。句意：运动可以释放荷尔蒙，改善情绪，缓解压力，这也有助于学习。根据“improve”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，结合句意可知，运动可以释放荷尔蒙，改善情绪。mood作名词，表示“情绪” ，符合句意。故填I项。
48．答案：was
解析：考查一般过去时和主谓一致。句意：在地震中死亡或严重受伤的人数超过10万人。分析句子结构可知，空处需填谓语动词，结合句意以及句中“that were killed or badly injured in the quake”可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语是“The number of people”，表示“人的数量”，故谓语动词用单数。故填was。
49．答案：who
解析：考查定语从句。句意：军队派出15万名士兵前往唐山，挖出被困人员并埋葬死者。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为those，从句缺主语，用who引导从句。故填who。
50．答案：takes
解析：考查动词时态。句意：我的飞机9点20分起飞，所以我必须在8点30分到达机场。飞机、火车等时刻表要用一般现在时表将来时，主语为单数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填takes。
51．答案：for
解析：考查介词。句意：作为一个教练，我很尊敬他，他对工作非常严格。分析句子，句中have a regard for sb为固定短语，意为“对某人尊敬”。故填for。
52．答案：Losing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：失去两个重要的球员是一个很大的挑战， 但郎平没有灰心。分析句子结构可知，空处做主语， 陈述一般情况， 用动名词做主
语。故填Losing。
53．答案：
Dear Mom and Dad,
With the College Entrance Examination approaching, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you!
During the years, I always feel grateful for your unselfish care and love. Thanks to your constant encouragement, I have been making remarkable progress in my studies.
Since it will be less than one month before the exam, I’m under great pressure now. I would appreciate it if you can have a frequent talk with me and provide me with timely help, which contributes to my staying in a good state.
I am fully aware of the responsibilities I am shouldering. I have made up my mind to make every effort to study, for I believe hard work is the key to success. Just as the saying goes, "no pains, no gains." Meanwhile, I will spare some time to participate in sports activities, aiming to build up my body and free myself from the heavy work of studies.
Mom and Dad, I am quite confident about my future. Wish you good health and a happy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
解析：这是一篇提纲类作文。
第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假如你叫李华,进入高三的学习,压力很大,想和父母说说心里话,请你用英文在你的博客上用书信形式表达出来。主要内容如下：
知心话 感恩——感谢父母的关心、鼓励 对父母的期望——(1)多加交流 (2)适时提供帮助
学习打算 考生自拟(至少写两点)
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词(组), 如：grateful(感激的)；unselfish(无私的)；constant encouragement(不断的鼓励)；make progress in(取得进步)；be under great pressure(承受巨大压力)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如Since it will be less than one month before the exam, I’m under great pressure now.运用了原因状语从句；I would appreciate it if you can have a frequent talk with me and provide me with timely help, which contributes to my staying in a good state.运用了条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Which is the Right Fitness Pathway for You
At our gym, we offer several fitness pathways catering to (满足)different needs and goals. Let’s explore each option in more detail:
Gym Welcome
Price: Free
Session duration: Up to 25 minutes
This pathway is ideal for members who are new to a gym environment. During this session, our aim is to familiarize you with all our facilities and services. You will learn about the key health and safety aspects of the gym and understand how to use the fitness equipment effectively. Additionally, you’ll have the opportunity to speak with a member of our staff who can provide exercise advice to help you get started on your fitness journey.
Personal Program
Price: Free
Session duration: Up to 55 minutes
The Personal Program pathway is suitable for everyone, especially those who are new to the gym. This program is designed to meet your individual needs, ensuring a more effective workout. The length of the program can be tailored(专门定制)according to your requirements. Once the program is complete, you can choose to renew it or explore other program options offered by our gym. Please note that personal programs are limited to one program per member every 12 weeks.
Personal Training
Price: 45 per session
Buy five sessions for the price of four at 180.
Session duration: 60 minutes
Group Personal Training
Price:
-Two-person personal training session: 60
-Three-person personal training session: 75
-Five four-person personal training sessions: 240
-Five five-person personal training sessions: 330
How to book
If you would like to book or have any questions about the sessions on this page, please speak to a member of staff. This can also be done via email at fitness@sport.cam.ac.uk.
1．Who is the “Gym Welcome” session most suitable for
A. New gym members. B. Experienced gym-goers.
C. Athletes and competitors. D. Students with specific fitness goals.
2．What do we know about the “Personal Program”？
A. It can be renewed at any time.
B. It provides individualized workouts.
C. It will be a one-time free session for anyone.
D. It is designed to meet the needs of the majority.
3．If someone wants to engage in “Group Personal Training” with two friends, what would be the total cost for five sessions
A. 180. B. 240. C. 300. D. 375.
The Price of a Dream
I grew up poor. We had little money, but plenty of love and attention. I understood that no matter how poor a person was, they could still afford a dream. My dream was athletics.
By the time I was sixteen, I was good at baseball and football. My high school coach was Ollie Jarvis. He not only believed in me, but taught me the difference between having a dream and showing conviction (信念).
One summer a friend recommended me for a summer job. This meant a chance for money in my pocket — cash for dates with girls, certainly, money for a new bike and new clothes, and the start of savings for a house for my mother.
Then I realized I would have to give up summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach Jarvis I wouldn’t be playing. I was afraid of this, but my mother said, “If you make your bed, you have to lie in it.”
When I told Coach Jarvis, he was as mad as I expected him to be. “Your playing days are limited. You can’t afford to waste them,” he said.
I stood before him with my head hanging, trying to think of the words that would explain to him why I dream of buying my mom a house.
“How much are you going to make at this job, son ” he demanded.
“Three point twenty-five an hour,” I replied.
“Well,” he asked, “is $3. 25 an hour the price of a dream ”
That question exposed the difference between wanting something right now and having a goal. I devoted myself to sports that summer, and within the year I was drafted by the Pittsburgh Pirates to play rookie-league ball, and offered a $20, 000 contract. I signed with the Denver Broncos in 1984 for $1.7 million, and bought my mother my dream house.
4．Why was the writer grateful to Coach Jarvis
A. Because Coach Jarvis made him set a goal.
B. Because Coach Jarvis supplied him with new clothes.
C. Because Coach Jarvis gave him financial support.
D. Because Coach Jarvis helped him show conviction.
5．What did the writer want to do when he was offered a job
A. Balance summer baseball and the work schedule.
B. Refuse the job offer for summer baseball.
C. Give up summer baseball for the job.
D. Ask his coach Jarvis for advice.
6．Which of the following can replace the underlined part “If you make your bed, you have to lie in it.” in paragraph 4
A. You must eat the bitter fruit of your own making.
B. Believe in yourself, but above all be patient.
C. You must rely on yourself first, then others.
D. A good beginning makes a good ending.
7．What did the writer do at the end of the story
A. He failed to buy his mother a house.
B. He succeeded as a sportsman.
C. He became a successful businessman.
D. He made some money in the summer job.
The entire country struggled with the unprecedented heat of the July 2022 heatwave, but for the disabled, the heat hit even harder. The climate crisis is a threat to everyone’s health, but according to a report in 2021, people with disabilities are more delicate to the extreme weather events and natural disasters that result from the climate crisis.
Professor Kristie Ebi of the Centre for Health and the Global at the University of Washington, described the topic of heatwaves and disabled people as being an important issue. “Groups at higher risk during periods of high temperature include people with chronic (慢性的) medical conditions, people who take certain medications that can reduce the ability of the body to sweat, and the “disabled”, notes Ebi, going on to describe the different threats that heatwaves pose for different types of disabilities. Ebi notes the difficulty people with mobility issues or blindness may have with accessing services, such as cooling shelters, Ebi also comments on the importance of making messaging on the dangers of high temperatures accessible to those with learning disabilities or to deaf people. “Some studies suggest higher rates of suicide and other mental health issues during heatwaves, requiring targeted help for those with mental disabilities,” she added.
Ailsa Speak, a disability and lifestyle blogger, experiences uncontrollable movements in the heat due to her cerebral palsy (脑瘫). “As you can imagine, when my involuntary movements increase, I get even hotter. It’s just a painful circle really.”
In the absence of a concrete set of plans for people with disabilities during the climate crisis and extreme weather events, people with disabilities continue to be at increased risk of heat-related disease.
To prevent future death and destruction, the Climate Change Committee (CCC), an independent organization tackling climate change, advocates for adaptation planning, as the temperature is set to rise further due to the climate crisis and global warming. The CCC’s 2022 report on the health risks of overheating offers adaptation options to the government to ensure that buildings are fit for future climate change. Nevertheless, the publication does not offer specific advice about people with disabilities and overheating, which thus remains to be discussed promptly and thoroughly.
8．Which of the following would Professor Ebi most probably agree with
A. Heatwaves make people with chronic diseases suffer most
B. The mentally disabled have no access to cooling shelter
C. Mobility disability contributes to higher risk of suicide in the heatwaves
D. Some disabled people are ill-informed about the risks of heatwaves
9．Why does the author mention Ailsa Speak
A. To share a disabled blogger’s painful life
B. To show what a terrible disease cerebral palsy is
C. To illustrate the trouble the disabled have in the heat
D. To prove the never-before-seen highs in temperature
10．The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to
A. suggest methods of helping the disabled in heatwaves
B. stress the urgent need to care for the disabled in the heat
C. tell readers how severe the July 2022 heatwave was
D. introduce adaptation alternatives for future buildings
11．Where does this passage probably come from
A. The newspaper. B. A fiction novel
C. A biography D. A chemical paper
Human speech contains more than 2, 000 different sounds, from the common "m" and "a" to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as "f" and "v", were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of "f" and "v" increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. "The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution," said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
12．Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on
A. Its variety. B.Its distribution.
C.Its quantity. D. Its development.
13．Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
14．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
15．What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A. It is key to effective communication. B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system. D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
二、七选五
16．Looking to make the biggest impact during a crisis This guide will help you get the necessary resources to the right people quickly and easily, as well as help you prepare for a potential emergency. ①_________.
Create a fundraiser.
Put simply, more people equals more money, and creating your own fundraiser is a great way to encourage people who want to help. If you’re dealing with a local natural disaster, start by raising money through your community②_________, on the organization’s site or through an app; thus, you won’t have to deal with transferring donations through your personal account.
Collect supplies.
③_________. Start by checking an organization’s website; they often have lists of what is needed and where to send it. Or call community offices in the affected area to see what specific needs they have.
Donate your skills or time.
You can contact your local emergency services, to see if they are seeking a helping hand. If you don’t have a particular skill, offer your time to help with clean up afterward. However, always call or check online first. ④_________. In reality, you will be adding one more person to the already strained situation.
⑤_________.
One of the most helpful things you can do in a natural disaster is to prepare yourself ahead of time. Not only will these preventive measures protect you, but they will also limit damage in case disaster strikes. The first step is to find out which disasters are most likely to affect you. The second step is stocking up on essential emergency items.
A. Learn to cooperate with others
B. Prepare for a natural disaster in advance
C. Here is how to help those affected by natural disasters
D. Designate a charity to receive the funds so people can donate directly
E. If you’re trying to figure out how to help with natural disasters, you’re in the right place
F. It’s best to take a little extra time to figure out what is really in short of
G. Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster zone expecting to find ways to help
三、完形填空（15空）
Lucas majors in classic linguistics (语言学). He is equal to recognizing a language in a(n) 1 way no matter how unfamiliar it is. Last year, he 2 a shell with some totally strange 3 carved on it at a small stand.
Based on his demanding 4 he knew it was from a small village. Besides, after 5 some information in many reference books, he had his point of view: the symbols were 6 as a variety of the writing system of Jiaguwen, a kind of writing system which dates back to 1500 BC.
Lucas had a 7 attitude to the discovery and applied to his university for a further research by visiting the village. With permission given, he visited it. He found the mother tongue of the villagers was a special dialect, whose vocabulary 8 from Mandarin spoken by 1.4 billion people.
Despite many 9 , understanding the dialect and finding more shells helped him complete a report. The report was 10 where he gave a full description: The characters 11 by a small nation in the Shang Dynasty were passed down by means of bones and 12 . Afterwards, the nation went through ups and downs, 13 for hundreds of years. But it 14 disappeared due to some factors.
Lucas’s report was a 15 in the academic field, attracting more people to these special characters.
17．A. ancient B. narrow C. specific D. demanding
18．A. appreciated B. begged C. discovered D. buried
19．A. pants B. affairs C. symbols D. gaps
20．A. calligraphy B. investigation C. delivery D. summary
21．A. looking up B. applying for C. sweeping away D. coming along
22．A. honored B. regarded C. employed D. recommended
23．A. extra B. serious C. calm D. suitable
24．A. suffered B. learned C. differed D. survived
25．A. emergencies B. eruptions C. crashes D. challenges
26．A. supplied B. destroyed C. carved D. published
27．A. sheltered B. told C. created D. donated
28．A. shells B. bricks C. metal D. pipes
29．A. struggling B. appreciating C. unifying D. tapping
30．A. fluently B. positively C. extremely D. finally
31．A. joke B. signal C. hit D. champion
四、首字母填空
32．Everyone has s _________and weaknesses. So we should try our best to further strengthen the former and improve the latter. (根据首字母单词拼写)
33．G _________warming has become one of the most shocking problems in today’s society. (根据首字母单词拼写)
34．The brave firefighter r _________three children from the burning house yesterday.(根据首字母单词拼写)
35．The old farmer was very upset because the strong winds caused great d_________ to his wheat. (根据首字母单词拼写)
36．If you are found c _________in the exam, all your academic grades for the semester will be canceled. (根据首字母单词拼写)
五、单词拼写
37．The frequent natural _________ (灾难) have brought people in the area more than $4 million worth of damage. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
38．When his father came in, Jim p_________ (假装)to be doing his homework. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
39．Students in Grade One feel greatly _________ (荣幸的)to perform on the stage of the 24th Foreign Language and Culture Festival of CFLS. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
40．When I listen to _________ (本国的) English speakers talking in a video, I can catch only a few words. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
41．As for students like us, we should have good_________ (态度)towards life even if the cruel reality ruins our dreams.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
六、翻译题
42．仿佛世界末日即将来临！(汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________
43．尽管历经浮沉，这幢建筑仍旧状况完好。(汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________
44．长春是我们班大多数同学们出生的城市。(汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________
45．The earthquake that happened in Tangshan in 1976 shocked the people all over the world. (英译汉)
_______________________________________________________________
46．Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. (英译汉)
_______________________________________________________________
七、选词填空
47．A. attendance B. consequently C. current D. depressing E. dropping F. essential G. feasible H. flow I. mood J. mutually K. particularly L. performance M. review N. survive O. tend
Physical activity does the body good, and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, ①_________ to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a②_________ of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic③_________, investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, ④_________ in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.
The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to⑤_________ on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. ⑥_________ in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be⑦_________ exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood⑧_________ to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are⑨_________ to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve⑩_________ and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they are running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.
八、语法填空
48．The number of people that were killed or badly injured in the quake_________ (be) more than 100,000. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49．The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those_________ were trapped and to bury the dead. (用适当的词填空)
50．My plane_________ (take) off at 9:20, so I must be at the airport by 8:30. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51．I have a high regard_________ him as a coach; he is very strict in his job. (用适当的词填空)
52．_________ (lose) two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart.(所给词的适当形式填空)
九、书面表达
53．假如你叫李华,进入高三的学习,压力很大,想和父母说说心里话,请你用英文在你的博客上用书信形式表达出来。主要内容如下：
知心话 感恩—感谢父母的关心、鼓励 对父母的期望—(1)多加交流 (2)适时提供帮助
学习打算 考生自拟(至少写两点)
注意：
(1)短文必须包括所有内容要点,可适当发挥。
(2)词数：100左右(开头与结尾已给出,不计入词数)。
Dear Mom and Dad, With the College Entrance Examination approaching, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mom and Dad, I am quite confident about my future. Wish you good health and a happy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据“Gym Welcome”部分中“This pathway is ideal for members who are new to a gym environment.”(这一课程对于刚进入健身房的会员来说是理想的选择。)可知，该课程最适合新的健身房会员。故选A项。
2．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据“Personal Program”部分中“This program is designed to meet your Individual needs, ensuring a more effective workout. The length of the program can be tailored according to your requirements.”(该计划旨在满足你的个人需求，确保更有效的锻炼。课程长度可根据您的要求量身定制。)可知，“个人计划”提供个性化的锻炼。故选B项。
3．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据“Group Personal Training”部分中“Three-person personal training session: 75(三人私人培训课程：75英镑)可知，如果有人想和两个朋友一起参加“团体个人训练”，五次训练的总费用是75×5=375英镑。故选D项。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“He not only believed in me, but taught me the difference between having a dream and showing conviction (信念). (他不仅相信我，而且教会了我有梦想和表现出信念之间的区别。)”可知，作者感激Jarvis教练是因为教练帮助作者建立了坚定的信念。故选D项。
5．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Then I realized I would have to give up summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach Jarvis I wouldn’t be playing. (然后我意识到我将不得不放弃夏季棒球来处理工作日程，这意味着我必须告诉Jarvis教练我不会参加比赛。)”可知，当作者得到一份工作时，他想放弃夏季棒球训练，转而去做那份工作。故选C项。
6．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第四段“Then I realized I would have to give up summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach Jarvis I wouldn’t be playing. I was afraid of this, but my mother said, “If you make your bed, you have to lie in it.” (然后我意识到我将不得不放弃夏季棒球来处理工作日程，这意味着我必须告诉Jarvis教练我不会参加比赛。我很担心，但我妈妈说：“如果你铺床，你就必须躺在床上。”)” 可推断，对于作者放弃棒球去工作这件事，作者的妈妈告诫作者：自己造成的结果要自己来承受，要勇敢面对自己导致的结果。故选A项。
7．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“I devoted myself to sports that summer, and within the year I was drafted by the Pittsburgh Pirates to play rookie-league ball, and offered a $20, 000 contract. I signed with the Denver Broncos in 1984 for $1.7 million, and bought my mother my dream house. (那年夏天，我全身心投入到体育运动中，不到一年，我就被匹兹堡海盗队（Pittsburgh Pirates）选中打新秀联盟球，并得到了一份2万美元的合同。1984年，我以170万美元的价格与丹佛野马队签约，并给母亲买了我梦想中的房子。)”可知，作者作为一名运动员取得了成功。故选B项。
8．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后二句“Ebi also comments on the importance of making messaging on the dangers of high temperatures accessible to those with learning disabilities or to deaf people. Some studies suggest higher rates of suicide and other mental health issues during heatwaves, requiring targeted help for those with mental disabilities”（Ebi还说明向有学习障碍的人或聋哑人提供高温危险信息的重要性。一些研究表明，在热浪期间，自杀率和其他精神健康问题更高，需要为精神残疾人士提供有针对性的帮助）可知，Ebi认为向残疾人士提供高温危险信息非常重要，一些有精神疾病的残疾人因为缺乏帮助和信息导致热浪期间，自杀率和其他精神健康问题更高，说明一些残疾人不了解热浪的危害。故选D项。
9．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Ailsa Speak, a disability and lifestyle blogger, experiences uncontrollable movements in the heat due to her cerebral palsy. “As you can imagine, when my involuntary movements increase, I get even hotter. It’s just a painful circle really.””（残疾和生活方式博主Ailsa Speak由于脑瘫，在炎热的天气里会出现无法控制的动作。“你可以想象，当我的无意识动作增加时，我变得更热了。这真的是一个痛苦的循环。”）可知，举Ailsa Speak的例子是为了具体说明残疾人在高温下的烦恼。故选C项。
10．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“The climate crisis is a threat to everyone’s health, but according to a report in 2021, people with disabilities are more delicate to the extreme weather events and natural disasters that result from the climate crisis.”（气候危机威胁着每个人的健康，但根据2021年的一份报告，残疾人更容易受到气候危机导致的极端天气事件和自然灾害的影响。）及最后一段最后一句“Nevertheless, the publication does not offer specific advice about people with disabilities and overheating, which thus remains to be discussed promptly and thoroughly.”（然而，该出版物并没有提供关于残疾人和热浪侵袭的具体建议，因此，这仍有待及时和彻底的讨论。）并结合文章对于残疾人在高温下的烦恼的具体说明可知，本文主要是为了强调在高温下照顾残疾人的迫切需要。故选B项。
11．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“The entire country struggled with the unprecedented heat of the July 2022 heatwave, but for the disabled, the heat hit even harder. The climate crisis is a threat to everyone’s health, but according to a report in 2021, people with disabilities are more delicate to the extreme weather events and natural disasters that result from the climate crisis.”（整个国家都在与2022年7月前所未有的热浪作斗争，但对残疾人来说，热浪的打击更加严重。气候危机威胁着每个人的健康，但根据2021年的一份报告，残疾人更容易受到气候危机导致的极端天气事件和自然灾害的影响。）可知，本文主要介绍了热浪侵袭对残疾人的影响，属于时事文章，应选自报刊。故选A项。
12．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第二段内容可知,Damián Blasi的研究集中在人类语音的发展。故选D。
13．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,研究人员发现古代成年人的上下门牙是对齐的,很难发出唇齿音,而唇齿音由下唇接触上齿发出。之后,我们的下巴变成了覆咬合结构,这使我们更容易发出这样的声音。由此可推知,古人的下巴构造使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C。
14．答案：A
解析：段落大意题。由第五段内容可知,对语言数据库的分析也证实,新石器时代之后,世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化。此段主要列出一些可以使研究结果更令人信服的证据。故选A。
15．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据题干可将解题信息定位到文章的最后一段。Steven Moran认为:自从人类出现以来,我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定,今天我们发现的各种语音都是像生物变化和文化进化等事物相互作用的产物。由此可推知,它是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C。
16．答案：①-⑤CDFGB
解析：①由下文小标题“Create a fundraiser (创建筹款活动)”及“Collect supplies (收集补给。)”及“Donate your skills or time (贡献您的技能或时间。)”可知，这里具体说明帮助灾区及灾区人民的方法。C项“Here is how to help those affected by natural disasters(以下是如何帮助那些受到自然灾害影响的人的方法)”引出下文，介绍如何帮助受到自然灾害影响的人，符合语境。故选C项。
②由上文“Put simply, more people equals more money, and creating your own fundraiser is a great way to encourage people who want to help. If you’re dealing with a local natural disaster, start by raising money through your community(简单地说，人多等于钱多，创建自己的筹款活动是鼓励想帮助的人的好方法。如果你正在处理当地的自然灾害，首先要通过你的社区筹集资金)”可知，这里主要讲筹集资金去帮助人们。D项“Designate a charity to receive the funds so people can donate directly(指定一个慈善机构接收资金，以便人们可以直接捐款)”符合语境，其中receive the funds与上文raising money through your community对应，有承上作用。故选D项。
③由下文“Start by checking an organization’s website; they often have lists of what is needed and where to send it. Or call community offices in the affected area to see what specific needs they have.(首先检查组织的网站；他们通常有需要什么以及发送到哪里的清单。或者致电受影响地区的社区办公室，了解他们有什么具体需求。)”可知，这里介绍了解受害地区需求的方法。F项“It’s best to take a little extra time to figure out what is really in short of(最好花一点额外的时间来弄清楚到底缺什么)”引出下文，介绍了解受害地区需求的方法。故选F项。
④根据上文“You can contact your local emergency services, to see if they are seeking a helping hand. If you don’t have a particular skill, offer your time to help with clean up afterward. However, always call or check online first.(你可以联系当地的紧急服务部门，看看他们是否正在寻求帮助。如果你没有特别的技能，请提供时间帮助之后的打扫清理。但是，请务必先致电或在线查看。)”及下文“In reality, you will be adding one more person to the already strained situation.(实际上，你将给已经水深火热的受灾地区再添一个需要帮助的人。)”可知，我们应该主动向受害地区询问，献出自己的一份力量。G项“Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster zone expecting to find ways to help(不要不确认就一个人做志愿者，期待能帮到别人)”符合语境，有承上启下作用，指出我们应该提前询问，不要给灾区再添麻烦。故选G项。
⑤由下文“One of the most helpful things you can do in a natural disaster is to prepare yourself ahead of time. (在自然灾害中，你能做的最有帮助的事情之一就是提前做好准备)”可知，我们要为自然灾害提前做好准备。B项“Prepare for a natural disaster in advance. (提前为自然灾害做好准备。)”符合语境，总结下文，介绍第四个应对自然灾害的方法。故选B项。
17．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不管一门语言有多陌生，他都能以一种特定的方式识别它。A. ancient古老的；B. narrow狭窄的；C. specific特定的；D. demanding苛求的。根据上文“Lucas majors in classic linguistics (语言学). He is equal to recognizing a language”可推知，主修古典语言学的Lucas应该是有识别陌生语言的特定方式。故选C。
18．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，他在一个小摊上发现了一个贝壳，上面刻着一些完全陌生的符号。A. appreciated欣赏；B. begged乞求；C. discovered发现；D. buried埋藏。Lucas是在小摊上发现了这个表面刻着东西的贝壳。故选C。
19．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，他在一个小摊上发现了一个贝壳，上面刻着一些完全陌生的符号。A. pants裤子；B. affairs事务；C. symbols符号；D. gaps间隙。根据下文“the symbols”可知，贝壳上刻着一些完全陌生的符号。故选C。
20．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据他严格的调查，他得知它来自一个小村庄。A. calligraphy书法；B. investigation调查；C. delivery投递；D. summary总结。根据下文“he knew it was from a small village”可推知，他是通过一番调查后，得知了贝壳的来源。故选B。
21．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，在查找了许多参考书中的一些信息之后，他有了自己的观点：这些符号被认为是甲骨文书写系统的一种变体，这种书写系统可以追溯到公元前1500年。A. looking up查找；B. applying for申请；C. sweeping away扫除；D. coming along陪同。根据Lucas是对贝壳上文的符号进行研究的情境，以及下文“some information in many reference books”可推知，他查找了许多参考书中的一些信息。故选A。
22．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，在查找了许多参考书中的一些信息之后，他有了自己的观点：这些符号被认为是甲骨文书写系统的一种变体，这种书写系统可以追溯到公元前1500年。A. honored尊敬；B. regarded视为；C. employed雇佣；D. recommended推荐。根据上文“the symbols”和下文“as a variety of the writing system of Jiaguwen”可推知，此处是描述贝壳上符号的身份，应该被认为是甲骨文书写系统的一种变体，be regarded as表示“被认为是，被视作”。故选B。
23．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Lucas对这一发现持严肃的态度，并向他的大学申请通过访问村庄进行进一步的研究。A. extra额外的；B. serious严肃的；C. calm平静的；D. suitable合适的。根据下文“applied to his university for a further research by visiting the village”可知，Lucas向大学申请进行进一步的研究，由此可知，他对待这一发现是严肃认真的。故选B。
24．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现村民的母语是一种特殊的方言，其词汇与14亿人使用的普通话不同。A. suffered遭受；B. learned学到；C. differed有差异；D. survived幸存。根据上文“the mother tongue of the villagers was a special dialect”可知，村民的母语是一种特殊的方言，因此词汇应该是与普通话不同，differ from表示“不同于”。故选C。
25．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临许多挑战，但理解方言和找到更多的贝壳帮助他完成了一份报告。A. emergencies紧急情况；B. eruptions爆发；C. crashes崩溃；D. challenges挑战。Despite表明逗号前后之间是让步关系，根据Lucas是对贝壳上文的符号进行研究的情境，以及下文“understanding the dialect and finding more shells helped him complete a report”可推知，此处表示尽管面临许多挑战。故选D。
26．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：该报告发表了，他给出了完整的描述：商朝的一个小国创造的文字是通过骨头和贝壳流传下来的。A. supplied提供；B. destroyed破坏；C. carved雕刻；D. published发表。Lucas的这份报告在学术界引起了反响，因此被发表了。故选D。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：该报告发表了，他给出了完整的描述：商朝的一个小国创造的文字是通过骨头和贝壳流传下来的。A. sheltered庇护；B. told告诉；C. created创造；D. donated捐赠。根据下文“by a small nation in the Shang Dynasty”可推知，这些文字是商朝的一个小国创造的。故选C。
28．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该报告发表了，他给出了完整的描述：商朝的一个小国创造的文字是通过骨头和贝壳流传下来的。A. shells贝壳；B. bricks砖；C. metal金属；D. pipes管道。根据上文“finding more shells”可知，这些是通过骨头和贝壳流传下来的。故选A。
29．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：此后，国家经历了跌宕起伏，奋斗了数百年。A. struggling奋斗；B. appreciating欣赏；C. unifying统一；D. tapping轻拍。根据上文“the nation went through ups and downs”可知，这个国家经历了跌宕起伏，因此应该是奋斗着延续了数百年。故选A。
30．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：但由于一些因素，它最终消失了。A. fluently流利地；B. positively积极地；C. extremely极度地；D. finally最后。这个经历了跌宕起伏的国家最终还是消失了。故选D。
31．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lucas的报告在学术界引起了轰动，吸引了更多的人关注这些特殊的文字。A. joke笑话；B. signal信号；C. hit成功的或风行一时的事物；D. champion冠军。根据下文“attracting more people to these special characters”可知，这份报告吸引了更多的人关注这些特殊的文字，因此引起了轰动。故选C。
32．答案：strengths
解析：考查名词。句意：每个人都有优缺点。因此，我们应该尽力进一步加强前者，改进后者。根据“has”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示每个人都有优缺点，strength作名词，表示“优点”，根据“and weaknesses”可知，优缺点不止一个，故用名词复数。故填strengths。
33．答案： Global
解析：考查形容词。句意：全球变暖已经成为当今社会最令人震惊的问题之一。根据“warming”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处表示全球变暖，global作形容词，表示“全球的”。符合句意。故填Global。
34．答案： damage
解析：考查名词。句意：老农非常苦恼，因为强风刮坏了他的麦子。根据“great”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，结合句意可知，强风带来了极大的损害，damage作名词，表示“伤害，损害”时是不可数名词。故填damage。
35．答案：rescued
解析：考查动词。句意：昨天那位勇敢的消防队员从着火的房子里救出了三个孩子。根据句意及首字母可知，应为词义为“营救”的动词，且照应时间状语“yesterday”，故应为一般过去时。故填rescued##escued。
36．答案：cheating
解析：考查动词及非谓语动词用法。句意：如果你被发现在考试中作弊，你这学期的所有成绩将被取消。根据后面的主句表示的“本学期所有成绩都被取消”可推测这应该是针对作弊的处理办法，结合首字母c可知，动词cheat意为“作弊，欺骗”符合题意，在从句中作主语补足语，与主语主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。find somebody doing意为“发现某人正在做某事”其被动语态be found doing。故填cheating。
37．答案：disasters
解析：考查名词。句意：频繁的自然灾害给该地区的人们带来了价值超过400万美元的损失。根据所给出的汉语提示可知，应是名词“disaster”，可数名词，在句中作主语，结合谓语“have brought”可知，此处用复数形式。故填disasters。
38．答案：pretended
解析：考查动词和时态。句意：当他父亲进来时，吉姆假装正在做作业。根据汉语提示并分析句子结构可知，空处需填谓语动词，根据“came”可知，用一般过去时，pretend作动词，表示“假装”，符合句意。故填pretended。
39．答案：honored
解析：考查形容词。句意：外国语学院第二十四届外语文化节的舞台上，一年级的同学们感到无比荣幸。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为形容词honored，作表语。故填honored。
40．答案：native
解析：考查形容词。句意：当我听视频中以英语为母语的人讲话时，我只能听懂几个单词。空处作修饰English speakers的定语，“本国的”应用形容词native，表示以英语为母语的人。故填native。
41．答案：attitudes
解析：考查名词。句意：对于像我们这样的学生来说，即使残酷的现实毁掉了我们的梦想，我们也应该对生活抱有美好的态度。根据汉语提示及“good”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，attitude作名词，表示“态度”，此处泛指“一切美好的态度”，故用名词复数。故填attitudes。
42．答案：It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
解析：考查固定句型，表语从句，虚拟语气和固定短语。“仿佛……”是固定句型It seems/seemed as if...，as if引导的是表语从句，整句话描述过去的事情，seem用过去式，“世界末日即将来临”是与事实相反的情况，“即将来临”用过去进行时表将来，虚拟语气中的be动词用were，“世界末日即将来临”也就是世界即将结束，“结束”是come to an end，“世界”是the world，因此整句话翻译为“It seemed as if the world were coming to an end”。故答案为It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
43．答案：Despite its ups and downs, the building is still in good condition.
解析：考查名词，介词和短语。“尽管”用介词despite表示，其后接名词短语作宾语，“浮沉”用名词短语表示为its ups and downs，其中its指代“建筑物的”，“这幢建筑”用名词the building作主语，“仍旧”用副词still作状语，“状况完好”用短语be in good condition表示，描述现在的情况用一般现在时。故译为Despite its ups and downs, the building is still in good condition.
44．答案：Changchun is the city where most of the students in our class were born.
解析：考查时态和定语从句。“主语”Changchun，主句描述现在的客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语是单数，be动词使用is，表语“城市”the city，后接定语从句修饰名词city，从句主语“我们班大多数同学们”most of the students in our class，“出生”be born，从句描述过去的一般情况，使用一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词使用were，先行词the city指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故翻译为Changchun is the city where most of the students in our class were born.
45．答案：发生在1976年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。
解析：考查时态和定语从句。The earthquake“地震”，为定语从句的先行词，关系代词为that，作定语从句的主语， happened in Tangshan in 1976为“发生在1976年”。shocked the people all over the world翻译为“使全世界人民感到震惊”为一般过去时。故翻译为：发生在1976年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。
46．答案：而不是放弃我喜欢的食物，（而是）我向我的饮食中加入健康的食物。
解析：考查短语、从句和句子结构。分析句子可知，“rather than”应是介词短语，含义为“而不是”；“rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed”在句中作状语，其中“cutting out”译为“删掉，放弃”；“I enjoyed”为“the foods”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作宾语，关系词可省略，因此“rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed”译为“而不是放弃我喜欢的食物”；主句“I added healthy foods to my meals”为“主谓宾状”结构，其中主语为“I”，译为“我”；谓语动词“added”译为“添加”；宾语“healthy foods”译为“健康食品”；状语“to my meals”译为“向我的饮食中”，因此主句译为“我向我的饮食中添加了健康食品”。故本句可译为：而不是放弃我喜欢的食物，（而是）我向我的饮食中加入健康的食物。
47．答案：①-⑩OMLKNEJHFI
解析：①考查动词。句意：荷兰的研究人员报告说，无论是那些在学校还是自己做锻炼较多的孩子，他们的平均成绩都比较高，在标准化考试中的成绩也比较好。分析句子结构可知，that引导的宾语从句缺谓语动词，结合句意可知，那些锻炼较多的孩子，成绩也倾向于较高。tend to do sth表示“倾向于做某事”，符合句意。故填O项。
②考查名词。句意：在对14项有关体育活动和学习成绩的研究的回顾中，研究人员发现，孩子运动得越多，他们在学校的成绩就越好，尤其是在数学、英语和阅读等基础科目上。根据“a”可知，空处需填单数名词，结合句意可知，此处表示对之前研究的回顾，review作名词，表示“回顾，检查”，符合句意。故填M项。
③考查名词。句意：在对14项有关体育活动和学习成绩的研究的回顾中，研究人员发现，孩子运动得越多，他们在学校的成绩就越好，尤其是在数学、英语和阅读等基础科目上。根据“academic”可知，空处需填名词，academic performance表示“学术表现”符合句意。故填L项。
④考查副词。句意：在对14项有关体育活动和学习成绩的研究的回顾中，研究人员发现，孩子运动得越多，他们在学校的成绩就越好，尤其是在数学、英语和阅读等基础科目上。分析句子结构可知，空处需填副词作状语，particularly作副词，表示“特别，尤其”，符合句意。故填K项。
⑤考查动词。句意：这些数据肯定会加剧目前关于学校是否应该削减体育课的争论，因为学校正努力在更少的预算下生存。根据“struggle to”可知，空处需填动词原形，结合句意可知，学校正努力在更少的预算下生存，survive作动词，表示“生存，幸存”，符合句意。故填N项。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，随着美国学生标准化考试成绩的下降，一些管理人员认为，学生需要花更多的时间在教室里，而不是在操场上。根据“With standardized test scores in the U.S.”可知，此处是with的复合结构，应用非谓语动词作宾补，结合句意可知，管理人员认为，学生需要花更多的时间在教室里，而不是在操场上，是因为学生成绩在下降。dropping表示“下降”，符合句意。故填E项。
⑦考查副词。句意：但正如这些发现所显示的那样，锻炼和学习可能并不相互排斥。根据“exclusive”可知，空处需填副词作状语，mutually作副词，表示“相互地”，符合句意。故填J项。
⑧考查名词。句意：体育活动可以改善大脑的血液流动，增强记忆力、注意力和创造力，这些对学习至关重要。根据“improve blood”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，blood flow表示“血液流动”，符合句意。故填H项。
⑨考查形容词。句意：体育活动可以改善大脑的血液流动，增强记忆力、注意力和创造力，这些对学习至关重要。根据“which are”可知，空处需填形容词作表语，结合句意可知，改善大脑的血液流动，增强记忆力、注意力和创造力对学习至关重要，essential表示“重要的”，符合句意。故填F项。
⑩考查名词。句意：运动可以释放荷尔蒙，改善情绪，缓解压力，这也有助于学习。根据“improve”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，结合句意可知，运动可以释放荷尔蒙，改善情绪。mood作名词，表示“情绪” ，符合句意。故填I项。
48．答案：was
解析：考查一般过去时和主谓一致。句意：在地震中死亡或严重受伤的人数超过10万人。分析句子结构可知，空处需填谓语动词，结合句意以及句中“that were killed or badly injured in the quake”可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语是“The number of people”，表示“人的数量”，故谓语动词用单数。故填was。
49．答案：who
解析：考查定语从句。句意：军队派出15万名士兵前往唐山，挖出被困人员并埋葬死者。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为those，从句缺主语，用who引导从句。故填who。
50．答案：takes
解析：考查动词时态。句意：我的飞机9点20分起飞，所以我必须在8点30分到达机场。飞机、火车等时刻表要用一般现在时表将来时，主语为单数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填takes。
51．答案：for
解析：考查介词。句意：作为一个教练，我很尊敬他，他对工作非常严格。分析句子，句中have a regard for sb为固定短语，意为“对某人尊敬”。故填for。
52．答案：Losing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：失去两个重要的球员是一个很大的挑战， 但郎平没有灰心。分析句子结构可知，空处做主语， 陈述一般情况， 用动名词做主
语。故填Losing。
53．答案：
Dear Mom and Dad,
With the College Entrance Examination approaching, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you!
During the years, I always feel grateful for your unselfish care and love. Thanks to your constant encouragement, I have been making remarkable progress in my studies.
Since it will be less than one month before the exam, I’m under great pressure now. I would appreciate it if you can have a frequent talk with me and provide me with timely help, which contributes to my staying in a good state.
I am fully aware of the responsibilities I am shouldering. I have made up my mind to make every effort to study, for I believe hard work is the key to success. Just as the saying goes, "no pains, no gains." Meanwhile, I will spare some time to participate in sports activities, aiming to build up my body and free myself from the heavy work of studies.
Mom and Dad, I am quite confident about my future. Wish you good health and a happy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
解析：这是一篇提纲类作文。
第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假如你叫李华,进入高三的学习,压力很大,想和父母说说心里话,请你用英文在你的博客上用书信形式表达出来。主要内容如下：
知心话 感恩——感谢父母的关心、鼓励 对父母的期望——(1)多加交流 (2)适时提供帮助
学习打算 考生自拟(至少写两点)
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词(组), 如：grateful(感激的)；unselfish(无私的)；constant encouragement(不断的鼓励)；make progress in(取得进步)；be under great pressure(承受巨大压力)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如Since it will be less than one month before the exam, I’m under great pressure now.运用了原因状语从句；I would appreciate it if you can have a frequent talk with me and provide me with timely help, which contributes to my staying in a good state.运用了条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。
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