外研版中考英语复习第七章冠词教学课件(共50张PPT)

(共50张PPT)
第一部分 基于语义的语法知识篇
第七章 冠词
考点导图
中考考点回顾
考 点 题 型 考 频（5年6考） 考点内容
不定冠词a, an 语法选择 4年3考 2021,2022,2023：表示第一次提到的人或物 4 5 6
短文填空 5年1考 2019：固定搭配a lot of 2
定冠词the 单项填空 1年1考 2019：用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 1
语法选择 4年1考 2020：表示上文出现过的人或物 3
1 单项填空 31. ______ Great Wall is one of the seven wonders around the world.
A. The B. A C. An D. /
考点解析 考查定冠词用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。故选A。
2 短文填空 On the ground of the village， Grandpa Huang has painted __78__ lot of well-known Chinese sayings.
考点解析 考查不定冠词的固定搭配a lot of(许多)。故填a。
3 语法选择 Judie's dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite … The next morning，they took __38__ kite to the park and tested it.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
考点解析 考查定冠词表示上文出现过的人或物。故选C。
4 语法选择 Along the river， there is __35__ eight-kilometer-long wooden walkway.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
考点解析 考查不定冠词表示第一次提到的人或物，且元音音素前用an。故选C。
5 语法选择 Sometimes she was so tired that she felt like crying， she would find __38__ quiet place and cried out aloud.
A.a B. an C. the
考点解析 考查不定冠词表示第一次提到的人或物，且辅音音素前用a。故选A。
6 语法选择 David has been to many space camps over the last eight years. Last month, he went to __36__ new space camp.
A. a B. an C. the
考点解析考查不定冠词表示第一次提到的人或物，且辅音音素前用a。故选A。
考点精讲精练
考点1
不定冠词a, an
1.不定冠词a与an的区别
(1)a用于以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前（5年2考）。
例 a book 一本书, a European language 一种欧洲语言
（2）an用于以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前（2021.35）。
例 an old man一个老人， an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩
【注意】
(1)以u开头的单词发音有两种：当u发ju?音时，前面用a；当u发 音时，前面用an。
例 You must wear a uniform if you want to work here.如果你想在这里工作，你必须穿制服。
练 The weather report says it's rainy today. You'd better take ________ umbrella.
an
（2）某些以h开头的单词要用an， 因为首字母h不发音。
例 It will take an hour to walk there. 走路去那里要一个小时。
练 My parents often told me to be ________ honest man. 我父母经常告诉我要做一个诚实的人。
(3)单独字母前的a和an的选用请记住一句话“Mr.Li has one fox.”，这句话里包含的字母前面要用an。
例 There is an“h”and a “d” in the word “hold”. 单词“hold”里有一个“h”和一个“d”。
练 You miss ________ “s” in the word “island”. 你在“island”这个单词里少写了一个“s”。
an
an
2.不定冠词a, an的用法
(1)表示某一类人或物。
例 A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。
练 ______ actor is a person who performs in a play or film.演员是一个在戏剧或电影中表演的人。
An
(2)第一次提到的人或物(5年3考)。
例 I see a boy over there. Is he your brother 我看到那边有个男孩。他是你的弟弟吗？
练 The WWF is ________ environmental organization. WWF 是一个环保组织。
an
(3)表示数量“一”，相当于one。
例 I bought a watch and two pens for my father on Father's Day. 父亲节那天我给我爸爸买了一块手表和两支钢笔。
练 The plan will be ready in ______ week or two. 这个计划将在一两周内做好。
a
(4)表示“每一”，相当于every。
例 We study eight hours a day.我们一天学习8个小时。
练 You can water this plant three times ________ week. 你可以给这棵植物一周浇水3次。
a
(5)用在序数词前面，表示“又一；再一”。
例 Though he failed seven times, he wanted to try an eighth time. 虽然他失败了7次，但他还想再试第8次。
练 The show is fantastic and I can't wait to watch it ________ second time. 这场演出太精彩了，我迫不及待想看第二遍。
a
（6）用在某些固定搭配中。
例 a lot of 许多（2019.78）， a few/little/bit 一点儿， a period of 一段……时期， have a good time 玩得开心，have a cold/fever 感冒/发烧，have a look/rest/walk/talk/try 看一看/休息/散步/聊天/试一试，in a hurry 匆忙
( )1. —The sun is shining, and you'd better take _______ umbrella when you go out.
—OK. It's _______ useful suggestion. (2023黑龙江龙东)
A.an; the B.a; an C.an; a
C
( )2. There are 60 minutes in _______ hour.
(2023甘肃白银改编)
A.a B.an C.the
( )3. The 31st Summer Universiade (大运会) is _______ big event for Chengdu.(2023 四川成都A卷)
A.a B. an C. the
B
A
考点2
定冠词the
1. 表示上文出现过的人或物(2020.38)
例 He is going to buy a useful book. And the book is on science. 他打算去买一本有用的书。而且这本书是关于科学的。
2. 表示谈话双方都知道的人或物
例 Could you please open the door for me？ 你可以帮我把门打开吗？
3. 用在世界上独一无二的事物、江河湖海山脉以及由普通名词构成的专有名词前
例 the earth 地球，the Yellow River 黄河，the Great Wall 长城(2019.31)
4. 用于指某世纪的某个年代
例 in the 1990's / in the 1990s在20世纪90年代
5. 用在中国传统节日（即英文名称含有Festival的节日）前
例 The whole family will get together at the Spring Festival. 春节期间全家人都会聚在一起。
6. 用在西洋乐器前
例 play the violin 拉小提琴，play the piano 弹钢琴
7. 用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”,谓语动词用复数形式
例 The Smiths are watching TV at home. 史密斯一家正在家里看电视。
练 The Greens ______ going home on a train.格林一家正在回家的火车上。
are
8. 用在形容词前,表示一类人或物,谓语动词用复数形式
例 the rich富人， the sick病人， the old老人, the blind盲人， the dead死人
练 The wounded ______ brought to the hospital just now. 伤者刚刚被送到了医院。
9. 用在序数词或形容词最高级的前面
例 She lives on the fifth floor. 她住在5楼。
练 To me, he is ______ cutest child in the world.对我来说，他是世界上最可爱的孩子。
were
the
10. 用在带有定语从句或介词短语等作后置定语的名词前，特指某人或某物
例 He is the man that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见到的那个男人。
练 Can you see ______ book on the teacher's desk 你看见讲台上的那本书了吗？
the
11. 用在某些固定搭配中
(1)“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位”结构。
例 hit sb.on the head 撞到某人的头，take sb.by the arm抓住某人的手臂
(2)其他。
例 in the afternoon 在下午，all the time 一直，at the same time 同时，by the way 顺便说一下，in the end 最后，at the end of 在……的结尾， the number of ……的数量
( )1. —What do you think of the guide book Lonely Planet
—Oh, it is really _______ useful one. You can always find _______ information you need while traveling.(2023 山东滨州改编)
A. a; a B. an; the C. a; the
C
( )2. Jenny ordered a hamburger and _______ hamburger was nice. （2023 吉林）
A. a B. an C. the
( )3. —When did ______ twenty-fourth Beijing Winter Olympic Games take place？
—On February 4， 2022.(2022湖南郴州)
A. a B. an C. the
( )4. It is really one of _______ most interesting museums that I've ever visited.
A. the B. an C. a
C
C
A
考点3
零冠词
1. 在专有名词、物质名词以及抽象名词前不加冠词
(1)专有名词(人名、地名、校名、国家名等)前。
例 Jack 杰克，New York 纽约, Peking University 北京大学, China 中国
(2)物质名词前。例 water 水, air 空气
(3)抽象名词前。例 music 音乐, love 爱, hope 希望
【注意】
（1）特指某个物质名词、抽象名词时前面要加the。
例 the air in the room 房间里的空气，the love he shows to music 他对音乐的爱
（2）国家名的全称前要加 the。
例 the United States of America(the USA)美国, the United Kingdom (the UK)英国
（3）某些物质名词、抽象名词前可加a / an，表示“一种；一份；一场……”。
例 a heavy snow/rain 一场大雪/雨，a great pleasure 一种巨大的压力
2. 在年份、月份、季节、节假日以及星期几前不加冠词
例 in July 在7月，on Christmas Day 在圣诞节, on Sunday 在星期天
【注意】
(1)特定某一年的季节前要加the。
例 He was born in the winter of 2005. 他出生在2005年的冬天。
(2)中国的传统节日前要加the。
例 During the Spring Festival， we often visit our relatives. 春节期间，我们经常走访亲戚。
3. 在学科、语言、球类、棋类、交通工具以及三餐前不加冠词
(1)学科、语言前。例 study science 学习科学, speak English 说英语
(2)球类、棋类前。例 play soccer 踢足球, play chess 下棋
(3)与by连用的交通工具前。例 by train 坐火车
(4)三餐前。例 have breakfast / lunch / dinner 吃早 / 中 / 晚餐
【注意】 特指某餐时前面要加the; 当三餐前有修饰词时要加a/an。
例 How was the dinner at Mr.Smith's house？在史密斯先生家里吃的那顿晚餐怎么样？
练 I'll make you ______ big dinner.我会为你做一顿丰盛的晚餐。
a
4.在称呼语或表示头衔、职务的名词前不加冠词
例 Captain Trent gave his men a full briefing. 特伦特船长给了他的下属详细的指示。
5. 名词前有限定词时不加冠词
常见的限定词有指示代词(this, that, these, those)、形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her,its,our,their)以及一些不定代词(some, any, no, every)等。
例 That blue bag is mine. 那个蓝色的书包是我的。
6. 在某些固定搭配中不加冠词
例 at last最后，at once 立刻，at night在晚上，at home/work/school 在家/在工作/在学校， on time 准时，side by side肩并肩地， go to bed 上床睡觉，go to hospital去医院看病，year after year 一年又一年
【拓展】在某些固定搭配中有无冠词的区别：
in front of 在……的前面（范围外）
in the front of 在……的前面（范围内） in hospital (生病)住院
in the hospital在医院里
take place发生
take the place (of)代替 at table在吃饭
at the table 在桌旁
next year明年(多用于一般将来时)
the next year第二年（多用于一般过去时） on earth究竟
on the earth在地球上
( )1. China's panda Ya Ya finished _______ 30-day stay in Shanghai after landing in China and then was sent to Beijing Zoo in _______ May. (2023辽宁营口改编)
A.a; / B.a; the C.the; a
A
( )2. Bob is my brother. He likes playing _______ basketball, but he doesn't like playing _______ piano.
(2023黑龙江绥化)
A.the; a B./; the C.an; the
( )3. Yangzhou is _______ city full of _______ history, culture and mouthwatering food. (2023江苏扬州改编)
A.the; a B.a; / C.the; the
B
B
B
a an the / child difference difficult
Before tennis, Wang was just __4__ ordinary (普通的) boy from a village. But in __5__ 2016, he was chosen by a local club as one of __6__ first 10 local children to learn to play professional tennis. “I was nervous at the beginning because the outside world was so __7__ from my home,” he said, adding that tennis has helped him make more friends and get __8__ better education.（2023山东滨州改编）
an
/
the
different
a
4. ____________ 5. ____________
6. ____________ 7. ____________
8. ____________
an
/
the
different
a
语篇考点专练
一、语法选择 主题：中国生肖兔的文化意象 难度：★★★ 建议用时：7 mins In Chinese culture, twelve different animals are used to stand for the Chinese birth years. 2023 is the Chinese Year of the Rabbit. At __1__ beginning of 2023, rabbits have been used for artistic themes around the world.
( )1. A. a B. the C. an
B
As a cultural image(文化意象), rabbits have been in different __2__ of art, including stamps, colorful lights and exhibitions （展览）.
The worldwide popularity of the Chinese Rabbit may have __3__ to do with Western culture. For people in Europe, rabbits mean new life and prosperity(繁荣) as __4__ can give birth to many young ones. So the image of a rabbit is easily accepted by people in the west.
( )2. A. form B. form's C. forms
( )3. A. nothing B. anything C. something
( )4. A. them B. they C. their
C
C
B
Through the Chinese Year of the Rabbit, people from other counties can get __5__ closer look into Chinese culture. On January 21, __6__ exhibition was held in a museum in the US to celebrate the Year of the Rabbit and 16 excellent Chinese artworks on rabbits were on show. It __7__ visitors that rabbits have been a popular artistic theme in China since ancient times.
( )5. A. an B. the C. a
( )6. A. an B. the C. a
( )7. A. shows B. showed C. is showing
C
A
B
The museum has __8__ explained the meaning behind rabbits in China to visitors. People could also learn about the stories of the rabbit and the moon in __9__ China.
Images of the 12 Chinese __10__ are fun to everyone. They can help with communication between different cultures. (2023山东威海改编)
( )8. A. too B. either C. also
( )9. A. / B. a C. the
( )10. A. animal B. animals C. animal's
C
A
B
二、短文填空 主题：中国的火锅和英国的火锅 难度：★★★ 建议用时：7 mins
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
than what surprising make tradition the food an how a complete taste
I arrived in the UK last weekend to learn English. So far I have already made a few friends and had some __1__ English food there. But after having hamburgers, sandwiches and potatoes, I thought none could be more delicious __2__ Chinese food, especially my favorite—huo guo. You can't imagine __3__ excited I was when I got to know that there was going to be a free meal of hotpot to welcome the new students. On the way to the canteen, I seemed to smell huo guo in the air.
traditional
than
how
To my __4__, when I stepped into the room, I didn't see any sign of huo guo. Where was it
With many questions in my head, I sat down to have the free meal. After I talked with __5__ English girl, I got to know that Chinese huo guo was __6__ different from hotpot. Chinese huo guo is writing in two words—hot pot; and hotpot, one word, is a traditional English dish.
Hotpot is __7__ from mutton and onion. On the top are pieces of potatoes.
surprise
an
completely
made
People put it in the oven in __8__ heavy pot on a low heat. It takes very little effort to prepare. You can often see it at parties in __9__ UK because it's easy to prepare for many people and is not expensive.
Hotpot __10__ good. However, I still miss huo guo—hot pot, two words!（2023黑龙江龙东改编）
a
the
tastes
1. ________________ 2. ________________
3. ________________ 4. ________________
5. ________________ 6. ________________
7. ________________ 8. ________________
9. ________________ 10. ________________
traditional
than
how
surprise
an
completely
made
a
the
tastes