2024年中考英语一轮复习专题10 定语从句（练习） （含解析）

2024年中考英语一轮复习专题10 定语从句（练习）
（模拟精练+真题演练）
单项选择
1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）This is the most beautiful picture ________ I have seen.
A．that B．which C．whose D．what
2．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
A．Which B．When C．What D．As
3．（2023·吉林长春·校联考模拟预测）A graduation ceremony is a custom ________ usually takes place in June.
A．what B．where C．who D．which
4．（2023·吉林长春·模拟预测）I will always remember the teachers ________ teach me in my junior high.
A．who B．which C．what D．whose
5．（2023·吉林长春·模拟预测）Mr. Lee is a man ________ I can depend on. I trust him.
A．which B．when C．who D．what
6．（2023·黑龙江绥化·校考二模）The students ________ don’t work hard will not pass the exam.
A．whom B．which C．who
7．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考模拟预测）—Have you ever heard the popular chant (儿歌) , We Dig Dig a Hole (挖呀挖).
—Yes, it has the funniest lyrics ________ I can sing along with.
A．that B．which C．who
8．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考二模）—Of all the good study habits ________ you can develop, asking questions is the key because you can always learn from each other in this way.
—You’re right.
A．that B．what C．who
9．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考模拟预测）—Chris, the West Lake is so attractive!
—Yeah, the West Lake is the most beautiful place ________ I have ever visited.
A．who B．which C．that
10．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—What are they doing
—They are talking about the teachers and schools ________ they visited yesterday.
A．which B．who C．that
11．（2023·福建漳州·校联考模拟预测）China has realized her promise to give the world a Winter Olympics ________ is green and clean.
A．whom B．which C．who
12．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）Lei Feng is a kind and helpful man ________ we should learn from.
A．who B．whose C．which
13．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）Lionel Messi is a great football star ________ talent in sports surprises me a lot.
A．who B．that C．whose
14．（2023·甘肃天水·模拟预测）I still remember the time ________ we spent together at Xisai Mountain last year.
A．when B．what C．who D．which
15．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）I really like the girl ________ hair is blond.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．that
16．（2023·辽宁朝阳·校联考二模）Rome is an ancient city ________ full of places of interest.
A．where is B．which is C．which are D．that are
17．（2023·吉林·统考一模）Jack Brown still lives in the old house ________ his father gave him.
A．who B．when C．which
18．（2023·福建厦门·统考二模）—Do you know Quan Hongchan
—Sure. She is an excellent player ________ is always holding on to her dream.
A．who B．what C．which
19．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）The children will never forget the people ________ helped them.
A．who B．which C．whose D．whom
20．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）—Lucy, what do you think of the TV show Happy Camp
—Wonderful. It’s one of the most interesting programs ________ I have seen.
A．that B．which C．who
二、语法选择
（2023·广东广州·统考二模）
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, died at the age of 91 in Changsha in May 2021, 21 his legacy lives on, most recently with the successful development of the “huge rice”. It is twice as tall as common rice 22 is usually about one meter tall.
In 2018, his special type of rice 23 in Chongqing for 15 mu. It was grown 24 May and harvested four months later. Each mu of the fields 25 about 750 — 900 kilograms.
This type of rice is not only strong and tall, but also resistant to flood. It can 26 bring many nutrients to plants nearby and provide 27 good living environment for animals in water. 28 the water in the rice fields is 60-80 centimeters deep, it 29 even be used to raise fishes. From next year, “the giant rice” will be planted in 30 mu of fields in Chongqing.
Yuan once told the reporter 31 he dreamed: to “enjoy the cool shade beneath rice plants 32 than men” and to see hybrid rice grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage. But 33 , he can’t see this achievement. Many people posted online to pay tribute (致敬) to Yuan after 34 the success of developing the “giant rice”, saying “ 35 dream is gradually coming true. Can you see it ”
21．A．and B．but C．so D．or
22．A．which B．who C．whom D．whose
23．A．planted B．plants C．was planted D．was planting
24．A．on B．in C．for D．with
25．A．produce B．produces C．produced D．was producing
26．A．also B．too C．either D．as well
27．A．a B．an C．the D．/
28．A．Because B．Unless C．Although D．When
29．A．can B．may C．must D．should
30．A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of
31．A．why B．that C．what D．how
32．A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest
33．A．sad B．sadly C．more sadly D．most sadly
34．A．to know B．knew C．knows D．knowing
35．A．You B．Your C．Yours D．Yourself
三、语法填空
（2023·吉林长春·统考模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For the past 20 years, the Touching China Annual People Award has honored people from all walks of life across the country. They are people 36 make us feel warm with their actions. On March 4, 2023, the 2022 Touching China Award ceremony aired on CCTV. Ten inspirational role 37 (model) were on the list, Xu Mengtao is one of 38 (they).
After a final jump with the highest degree of difficulty for female athletes at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, Xu Mengtao 39 (win) the gold medal in freestyle skiing women’s aerials (空中技巧). The 32-year-old waited a long time for this moment and finally made it. Xu was born 40 Liaoning. At the age of 12, she began 41 (practice) the sport. Xu fell in 42 with the feeling of skiing on snow. She said that her deep love for this kind of sport is her 43 (one) motivation (动力).
With hard work, Xu achieved her dream in 2022. The gold medal is 44 of her dreams, sweat, tears and glory. After years of pursuing (追求) her dream, Xu Mengtao made her wish come true 45 (successful). Winning an Olympic gold medal was her dream. But it wasn’t easy to make it.
四、短文语境提示填空
（2023·河南·九年级专题练习）
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Amy May 17th 10:06 from iPhone China is developing so fast. Could you tell me your connections with China
☆ Favorite 30 32 50
Eric: I am Korean and my mother loves Chinese culture very much. She often shared ideas of Confucius when I was a kid, so I 46 deeply influenced by her. Now I fall in love 47 Chinese culture as well. May 17th, 2023 14:36
Jane: I came to China just for a trip. It is a country full of delicious food. 48 wonderful the hotpot is! When I tasted the coriander (香菜) in hotpot for the first time, I found it was so delicious 49 I add it to many dishes now. May 17th, 2023 12:40
Henry: I came to China three months ago as an exchange student (交换生). China’s large land surprises me most because 50 are so many cities. The host in the weather forecast (预报) of my country will say, “It will rain all over the country.” But in China, you cannot even imagine a weather forecast like that. May 17th, 2023 12:02
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五、完成句子
51．（2023·贵州遵义·统考三模）我更喜欢能随之起舞的音乐，它能使我放松。
I music I can dance to, it can help me relax.
52．（2023·贵州贵阳·统考三模）我们应该对那些帮助过和支持过我们的人心存感激。
We should be thankful for the people and supported us.
53．（2023·广东广州·广州市天河中学校考三模）广州是以美食闻名于全世界的城市之一。
Guangzhou is one of the cities delicious food all over the world.
54．（2023·贵州铜仁·统考三模）犯过错误的人能够从中学到更多。
The person mistakes can learn more from them.
55．（2023·广东广州·校考二模）对此活动感兴趣的师生都可以参加。
Teachers and students the activity can join in.
56．（2023·贵州铜仁·统考模拟预测）众所周知，词汇对学习英语来说很重要。
known to all, vocabulary is very important to learn English.
57．（2023·贵州黔南·统考一模）毫无疑问，中国人最了解茶的本质。
The Chinese are without doubt the ones understand the nature of tea.
58．（2023·贵州铜仁·统考模拟预测）他是一个获得了诺贝尔文学奖的优秀作家。
He is a great writer the Nobel Prize in Literature.
59．（2023·贵州遵义·统考一模）昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
Yesterday I helped an old man his way.
60．（2023·广东广州·广州市育才中学校考二模）上周，吴老师收到了初三学生Jane的求助信。
Last week, Miss Wu Jane, a Grade 9 student for help.
一、单项选择
1．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life.
A．which B．whose C．whom D．who
2．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Miss Xiang is a great teacher _________always makes her classes lively and fascinating.
A．which B．who C．what D．whom
3．（2023·新疆·中考真题）Lots of Chinese young people ___________ were born after 1995 use door-to-door cooking to save time.
A．that B．those C．which D．/
4．（2023·吉林·统考中考真题）The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days.
A．who B．where C．which
3．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）— What can we do for the left-home children ________ need help
— We could help them with their study online on weekends.
A．which B．who C．whom
5．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her class lively.
A．which B．whose C．who
6．（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world.
A．which B．whom C．who
7．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to this national character.
A．what B．who C．that
8．（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）Tea is the leaf of a plant ________ grows widely in China, Japan and other countries.
A．what B．who C．that
二、语法选择
（2022·湖南张家界·统考中考真题）
通读下面的短文，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项填空，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。
Once upon a time, there was 1 old man named Yu Gong. There were two 2 near his house. They were so high and big 3 it took a long time to walk to the other side. Yu Gong told his family that they should all help him to 4 the mountains. They started digging the next day. A man told Yu Gong he could never do it. 5 Yu Gong said that his family could 6 to move the mountains 7 he died. So they kept on digging day after day and year after year. 8 , a god was moved and he sent another two gods to take the mountains away.
1．A．a B．an C．the
2．A．a mountain B．mountain C．mountains
3．A．that B．what C．which
4．A．moving B．move C．moves
5．A．And B．Or C．But
6．A．to continue B．continues C．continue
7．A．after B．before C．behind
8．A．First B．At last C．Also
答案与解析
单项选择
1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）This is the most beautiful picture ________ I have seen.
A．that B．which C．whose D．what
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的照片。
考查定语从句。that先行词指物或人，在从句中作主语或宾语；which先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose作定语修饰名词；what不可引导定语从句。先行词由最高级the most beautiful修饰，关系词用that，故选A。
2．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
A．Which B．When C．What D．As
【答案】D
【详解】句意：和往常一样，我们制定了生产计划。
考查定语从句。as is often the case“和往常一样”，固定用法，as引导非限制性定语从句。故选D。
3．（2023·吉林长春·校联考模拟预测）A graduation ceremony is a custom ________ usually takes place in June.
A．what B．where C．who D．which
【答案】D
【详解】句意：毕业典礼是一种习俗，通常在六月举行。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是物，引导词在从句中作主语，可用which引导定语从句。故选D。
4．（2023·吉林长春·模拟预测）I will always remember the teachers ________ teach me in my junior high.
A．who B．which C．what D．whose
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我将永远记住在我的初中教我的老师。
考查定语从句。who先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；which先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；whose后接名词。先行词teachers是指人，在从句作主语，故选A。
5．（2023·吉林长春·模拟预测）Mr. Lee is a man ________ I can depend on. I trust him.
A．which B．when C．who D．what
【答案】C
【详解】句意：李先生是我可以信赖的人，我信任他。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是man，关系词在从句中作宾语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。
6．（2023·黑龙江绥化·校考二模）The students ________ don’t work hard will not pass the exam.
A．whom B．which C．who
【答案】C
【详解】句意：不努力的学生将不会通过考试。
考查定语从句的关系代词。whom关系代词，在从句中作宾语，指人；which关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语，指物；who关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语，指人。先行词为students，指人，关系词在从句作主语，因此用who。故选C。
7．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考模拟预测）—Have you ever heard the popular chant (儿歌) , We Dig Dig a Hole (挖呀挖).
—Yes, it has the funniest lyrics ________ I can sing along with.
A．that B．which C．who
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你听过流行的儿歌《挖呀挖呀挖》吗？——是的，它有着最有趣的歌词，我能跟着这首歌一起唱。
考查定语从句的连接词。that和which都可以连接先行词是物的定语从句，但是先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，连接词只能用that，而不能用which。故选A。
8．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考二模）—Of all the good study habits ________ you can develop, asking questions is the key because you can always learn from each other in this way.
—You’re right.
A．that B．what C．who
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——在你可以养成的所有好的学习习惯中，提问是关键，因为这样你们就可以互相学习。——你是对的。
考查定语从句。that那个，修饰人或物，引导定语从句；what什么，引导名词性从句；who谁，引导定语从句，修饰人。此处是定语从句，先行词habits表示事物，因此用that引导定语从句，故选A。
9．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考模拟预测）—Chris, the West Lake is so attractive!
—Yeah, the West Lake is the most beautiful place ________ I have ever visited.
A．who B．which C．that
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——克里斯，西湖太迷人了！——是的，西湖是我去过的最美丽的地方。
考查定语从句关系词。根据“the most beautiful place ... I have ever visited”可知先行词place指物，且在从句中作宾语，先行词有形容词最高级修饰，用that引导定语从句。故选C。
10．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—What are they doing
—They are talking about the teachers and schools ________ they visited yesterday.
A．which B．who C．that
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——他们正在做什么？——他们正在谈论昨天去拜访的老师和学校。
考查定语从句的关系词。which关系代词，指物；who，关系代词，指人；that关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语， 指物或指人。由题可知，空格处为定语从句引导词，从句先行词是the teachers and schools，既有人又有物，从句缺宾语，故that符合题意。故选C。
11．（2023·福建漳州·校联考模拟预测）China has realized her promise to give the world a Winter Olympics ________ is green and clean.
A．whom B．which C．who
【答案】B
【详解】句意：中国实现了她给世界带来一届绿色、清洁的冬奥会的承诺。
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处所在的是一个定语从句，先行词Winter Olympics指物，在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句，故选B。
12．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）Lei Feng is a kind and helpful man ________ we should learn from.
A．who B．whose C．which
【答案】A
【详解】句意：雷锋是一个善良、乐于助人的人，我们应该向他学习。
考查定语从句的用法。who，先行词是人；whose 作定语；which先行词是物。根据“Lei Feng is a kind and helpful man … we should learn from.”可知是一个定语从句，先行词是“man”，指人，且从句“learn from”后缺少宾语，因此应用who作引导词。故选A。
13．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）Lionel Messi is a great football star ________ talent in sports surprises me a lot.
A．who B．that C．whose
【答案】C
【详解】句意：莱昂内尔·梅西是一位伟大的足球明星，他的体育天赋让我大吃一惊。
考查定语从句。who先行词指人，在从句中作主语、宾语；that先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语；whose先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语。本句先行词指人，且连接词在从句中作定语修饰talent，故用whose。故选C。
14．（2023·甘肃天水·模拟预测）I still remember the time ________ we spent together at Xisai Mountain last year.
A．when B．what C．who D．which
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我仍然记得去年我们在西塞山一起度过的时光。
考查关系代词。when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；what不能引导定语从句；who指人；which指物。从句“we spent together at Xisai Mountain last year”缺少宾语，且先行词time是物，which引导定语从句，指物，且可以在从句中作宾语。故选D。
15．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）I really like the girl ________ hair is blond.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．that
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我真的很喜欢那个金发女孩。
考查定语从句引导词。who谁；whom谁，宾格；whose谁的；that那。根据“I really like the girl … hair is blond.”可知此处是定语从句，空处指的是女孩的头发 ，应填whose作定语。故选C。
16．（2023·辽宁朝阳·校联考二模）Rome is an ancient city ________ full of places of interest.
A．where is B．which is C．which are D．that are
【答案】B
【详解】句意：罗马是一座充满名胜古迹的古城。
考查定语从句和主谓一致。句子是定语从句，先行词是可数名词单数city，关系词在从句中作主语，用that/which引导定语从句，句子用一般现在时，从句谓语动词用单三。故选B。
17．（2023·吉林·统考一模）Jack Brown still lives in the old house ________ his father gave him.
A．who B．when C．which
【答案】C
【详解】句意：杰克·布朗仍然住在他父亲送给他的那所老房子里。
考查定语从句。who引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语；when引导定语从句，先行词为时间，在从句中作时间状语；which引导定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为the old house，指物，在从句中作宾语，因此应用which引导定语从句。故选C。
18．（2023·福建厦门·统考二模）—Do you know Quan Hongchan
—Sure. She is an excellent player ________ is always holding on to her dream.
A．who B．what C．which
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你知道全红婵吗？——当然。她是一位总是坚持自己梦想的优秀的运动员。
考查关系代词。who谁，指人；what什么，不能引导定语从句；which哪个，指物。根据“She is an excellent player … is always holding on to her dream.”可知是定语从句，先行词是“player”，指人，应用who来引导。故选A。
19．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）The children will never forget the people ________ helped them.
A．who B．which C．whose D．whom
【答案】A
【详解】句意：孩子们永远不会忘记帮助过他们的人。
考查定语从句。who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose关系代词，指人或物的，在定语从句中作定语；whom关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作宾语。本句先行词是“people”，在定语从句中作主语，指人，所以填who。故选A。
20．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）—Lucy, what do you think of the TV show Happy Camp
—Wonderful. It’s one of the most interesting programs ________ I have seen.
A．that B．which C．who
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——露西，你觉得电视节目《快乐大本营》怎么样？——太棒了。这是我看过的最有趣的节目之一。
考查定语从句。根据“It’s one of the most interesting programs … I have seen.”可知此处为定语从句，先行词“programs”是物，且有最高级“the most interesting”修饰，应用that引导定语从句。故选A。
二、语法选择
（2023·广东广州·统考二模）
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, died at the age of 91 in Changsha in May 2021, 21 his legacy lives on, most recently with the successful development of the “huge rice”. It is twice as tall as common rice 22 is usually about one meter tall.
In 2018, his special type of rice 23 in Chongqing for 15 mu. It was grown 24 May and harvested four months later. Each mu of the fields 25 about 750 — 900 kilograms.
This type of rice is not only strong and tall, but also resistant to flood. It can 26 bring many nutrients to plants nearby and provide 27 good living environment for animals in water. 28 the water in the rice fields is 60-80 centimeters deep, it 29 even be used to raise fishes. From next year, “the giant rice” will be planted in 30 mu of fields in Chongqing.
Yuan once told the reporter 31 he dreamed: to “enjoy the cool shade beneath rice plants 32 than men” and to see hybrid rice grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage. But 33 , he can’t see this achievement. Many people posted online to pay tribute (致敬) to Yuan after 34 the success of developing the “giant rice”, saying “ 35 dream is gradually coming true. Can you see it ”
21．A．and B．but C．so D．or
22．A．which B．who C．whom D．whose
23．A．planted B．plants C．was planted D．was planting
24．A．on B．in C．for D．with
25．A．produce B．produces C．produced D．was producing
26．A．also B．too C．either D．as well
27．A．a B．an C．the D．/
28．A．Because B．Unless C．Although D．When
29．A．can B．may C．must D．should
30．A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of
31．A．why B．that C．what D．how
32．A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest
33．A．sad B．sadly C．more sadly D．most sadly
34．A．to know B．knew C．knows D．knowing
35．A．You B．Your C．Yours D．Yourself
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文介绍的“杂交水稻”之父袁隆平的故事。
21．句意：被称为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平于2021年5月在长沙去世，享年91岁，但是他留下的遗产，最近开发出的“巨型水稻”继续存在。
and和；but但是；so所以；or或者。根据“died at the age of 91 in Changsha in May 2021, … his legacy lives on”可知人去世了，但是遗产还在，两句之间表示转折，应用but连接。故选B。
22．句意：它的高度是通常一米左右高的普通水稻的两倍。
which先行词是物；who先行词是人，在从句中作主语和宾语；whom先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；whose谁的，在从句中作定语。根据“common rice … is usually about one meter tall.”可知定语从句的先行词是rice，在从句中作主语，关系代词应是which。故选A。
23．句意：2018年，他的特种水稻在重庆种植了15亩。
planted种植，过去式；plants种植，动词第三人称单数形式；was planted被种植，一般过去时的被动语态；was planting正在种植，过去进行时。“his special type of rice”和“plant”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，结构为be+过去分词；时间状语是“In 2018”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
24．句意：它在5月种植，4个月后收割。
on在具体的某一天；in在某年或某月；for时间延续了多久；with和……一起。May是月份，“在五月”用介词in。故选B。
25．句意：每亩田地产量约750到900公斤。
produce生产，动词原形；produces生产，动词第三人称单数形式；produced生产，过去式；was producing生产，过去进行时。本段主体时态为一般过去时，陈述2018年特种水稻的种植情况，空格处应用动词过去式。故选C。
26．句意：它也能为附近的植物带来许多营养，并为水中的动物提供良好的生活环境。
also也，放于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前；too也，放于肯定句句末；either也，放于否定句句末；as well也，放于句末。根据“It can … bring many nutrients”可知原句是肯定句，空格在句中，结合备选词汇可知应用also。故选A。
27．句意：它也能为附近的植物带来许多营养，并为水中的动物提供良好的生活环境。
a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词；/不填。根据“good living environment” 可知此处是泛指一个良好的环境，应填不定冠词，good是辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故选A。
28．句意：当稻田里的水有60—80厘米深时，它甚至可以用来养鱼。
Because因为；Unless除非；Although虽然；When当……时候。根据“it ... even be used to raise fishes”可知是水深有60-80厘米的时候可以养鱼。故选D。
29．句意：当稻田里的水有60—80厘米深时，它甚至可以用来养鱼。
can能够；may可能；must必须；should应该。根据“the water in the rice fields is 60-80 centimeters deep”可知在这种条件下能够养鱼。故选A。
30．句意：从明年起，重庆将在成千上万亩的田地里种植“巨型水稻”。
thousand千，单数形式；thousands千，复数形式；thousand of错误的表达形式；thousands of成千上万。thousands of成千上万，固定短语；thousand只有在后面加of的时候用复数形式，应首先排除B和C，而选项A需与具体的数词连用。故选D。
31．句意：袁曾经告诉记者他的梦想：在比人更高的水稻下乘凉，看到杂交水稻在世界各地种植，以帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。
why为什么；that引导从句，没有具体含义；what什么；how怎样。根据题干，told后接宾语从句，从句中谓语动词是dreamed，缺少宾语，应用代词what引导从句，在从句中作宾语。故选C。
32．句意：袁曾经告诉记者他的梦想：在比人更高的水稻下乘凉，看到杂交水稻在世界各地种植，以帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。
tall高的；taller更高的；tallest最高的；the tallest 最高的。根据than可知应填比较级。故选B。
33．句意：但难过的是，他看不到这些成就。
sad难过的；sadly难过地；more sadly更难过地；most sadly最难过地。修饰整个句子用副词，排除A；根据“he can’t see this achievement.”可知，此处没有比较对象，应用副词原级。故选B。
34．句意：许多人在知道袁成功开发出“巨型水稻”后在网上发帖致敬，说：“你的梦想正在逐渐实现。你能看到吗？”
to know 知道，不定式；knew知道，过去式；knows知道，动词第三人称单数形式；knowing知道，动名词。after是介词，后接动名词。故选D。
35．句意：你的梦想正在逐渐实现。
You你；Your你的，形容词性物主代词；Yours你的，名词性物主代词；Yourself你自己。修饰名词dream用形容词性物主代词。故选B。
三、语法填空
（2023·吉林长春·统考模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For the past 20 years, the Touching China Annual People Award has honored people from all walks of life across the country. They are people 36 make us feel warm with their actions. On March 4, 2023, the 2022 Touching China Award ceremony aired on CCTV. Ten inspirational role 37 (model) were on the list, Xu Mengtao is one of 38 (they).
After a final jump with the highest degree of difficulty for female athletes at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, Xu Mengtao 39 (win) the gold medal in freestyle skiing women’s aerials (空中技巧). The 32-year-old waited a long time for this moment and finally made it. Xu was born 40 Liaoning. At the age of 12, she began 41 (practice) the sport. Xu fell in 42 with the feeling of skiing on snow. She said that her deep love for this kind of sport is her 43 (one) motivation (动力).
With hard work, Xu achieved her dream in 2022. The gold medal is 44 of her dreams, sweat, tears and glory. After years of pursuing (追求) her dream, Xu Mengtao made her wish come true 45 (successful). Winning an Olympic gold medal was her dream. But it wasn’t easy to make it.
【答案】
36．who/that 37．models 38．them 39．won 40．in 41．practicing/to practice 42．love 43．first 44．full 45．successfully
【导语】本文介绍了奥运冠军徐梦桃取得的成就。
36．句意：他们是用他们的行动使我们感到温暖的人。根据“They are people”和“make us feel warm with their actions”，可知此句是定语从句修饰people。先行词是people，指人，作主语，关系代词用who/that。故填who/that。
37．句意：十大励志榜样上榜，徐梦涛是其中之一。根据“Ten inspirational role”可知，ten基数词，后接名词复数。model复数形式models。故填models。
38．句意：十大励志榜样上榜，徐梦涛是其中之一。根据“of”可知，介词of后接人称代词宾格形式，they的宾格为them。故填them。
39．句意：徐梦桃在完成了2022年北京冬奥会女运动员最难的最后一跳后，获得了自由式滑雪女子空中技巧项目的金牌。根据“at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式形式，win的动词过去式为won。故填won。
40．句意：徐出生在辽宁。根据“Liaoning”可知，在某个省用介词in。故填in。
41．句意：12岁时，她开始练习这项运动，她爱上了在雪地上滑雪的感觉。根据“began”可知，考查begin doing sth / begin to do sth.“开始做某事”。故填practicing/to practice。
42．句意：12岁时，她开始练习这项运动，她爱上了在雪地上滑雪的感觉。根据“fell in”可知，考查短语fall in love with“爱上……”。故填love。
43．句意：她说她对这项运动的热爱是她的第一个动力。根据“her”和“motivation”，可知此处填序数词first，表示“她的第一动力”。故填first。
44．句意：这枚金牌充满了她的梦想、汗水、眼泪和荣耀。根据“is”和“of”，可知考查短语be full of“充满……”。故填full。
45．句意：经过多年的梦想追求，徐梦桃成功地实现了她的愿望。根据“come true”可知，此处是副词修饰come true，successful的副词形式为successfully。故填successfully。
四、短文语境提示填空
（2023·河南·九年级专题练习）
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Amy May 17th 10:06 from iPhone China is developing so fast. Could you tell me your connections with China
☆ Favorite 30 32 50
Eric: I am Korean and my mother loves Chinese culture very much. She often shared ideas of Confucius when I was a kid, so I 46 deeply influenced by her. Now I fall in love 47 Chinese culture as well. May 17th, 2023 14:36
Jane: I came to China just for a trip. It is a country full of delicious food. 48 wonderful the hotpot is! When I tasted the coriander (香菜) in hotpot for the first time, I found it was so delicious 49 I add it to many dishes now. May 17th, 2023 12:40
Henry: I came to China three months ago as an exchange student (交换生). China’s large land surprises me most because 50 are so many cities. The host in the weather forecast (预报) of my country will say, “It will rain all over the country.” But in China, you cannot even imagine a weather forecast like that. May 17th, 2023 12:02
View more >
【答案】46．was 47．with 48．How 49．that 50．there
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。Amy发布了一则想要了解中国发展的微博，几个外国朋友在评论区分享了自己在中国的经历和发现以及对中国的看法。
46．句意：在我小时候，她经常和我分享孔子的思想，所以我深受她的影响。根据“deeply influenced by”可知该句应用被动语态，其谓语结构为：be+过去分词。结合上一句谓语动词shared可知此处应用一般过去时，主语是I，be动词应用was。故填was。
47．句意：现在我也爱上了中国文化。动词短语fall in love with表示“爱上……”。故填with。
48．句意：火锅太棒了！分析句子结构可知该句为感叹句，wonderful为形容词，应用how引导的感叹句，其结构为How+ adj./adv.+（主语+谓语）！位于句首，首字母要大写。故填How。
49．句意：当我第一次品尝火锅里的香菜时，我发现它太美味了，我现在把它加入了很多菜中。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连接词。根据“so delicious”可知此处应用so … that表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
50．句意：中国的辽阔土地最让我惊讶，因为这里有很多城市。分析句子结构可知此处考查there be句型。根据空后的are可知此处应填there。故填there。
五、完成句子
51．（2023·贵州遵义·统考三模）我更喜欢能随之起舞的音乐，它能使我放松。
I music I can dance to, it can help me relax.
【答案】prefer that/which
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，prefer“更喜欢”。本句是一般现在时，主语是第一人称，谓语动词用其原形。分析句子可知，第二空缺少连接词引导定语从句，先行词指物，故用that或which引导。故填prefer；that/which。
52．（2023·贵州贵阳·统考三模）我们应该对那些帮助过和支持过我们的人心存感激。
We should be thankful for the people and supported us.
【答案】who/that helped
【详解】people后是定语从句，先行词是people，关系词作主语，应用who/that；help“帮助”，动词，结合“supported”可知应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填who/that；helped。
53．（2023·广东广州·广州市天河中学校考三模）广州是以美食闻名于全世界的城市之一。
Guangzhou is one of the cities delicious food all over the world.
【答案】which is famous for
【详解】分析句子可知，句子是定语从句，空处需要翻译的是“闻名于”，be famous for表示“因……而闻名”，固定词组，先行词是cities，指物，作主语，因此用which来引导定语从句，主语是“Guangzhou”，be动词用is。故填which；is；famous；for。
54．（2023·贵州铜仁·统考三模）犯过错误的人能够从中学到更多。
The person mistakes can learn more from them.
【答案】who/that made
【详解】由“The person…mistakes can learn more from them.”可知，句子是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是the person，关系词在从句中作主语，关系词用who或that；犯错误：make mistakes，固定搭配，应用其过去式made，表之前犯的错误。故填who/that；made。
55．（2023·广东广州·校考二模）对此活动感兴趣的师生都可以参加。
Teachers and students the activity can join in.
【答案】who/that are interested in
【详解】根据句意可知用一般现在时，此处要表示“对此活动感兴趣的师生”，主语后用定语从句，“对……感兴趣”be interested in，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，用who或that引导定语从句，结合“Teachers and students”可知从句中be动词用are。故填who/that；are；interested；in。
56．（2023·贵州铜仁·统考模拟预测）众所周知，词汇对学习英语来说很重要。
known to all, vocabulary is very important to learn English.
【答案】As is
【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“总所周知”，英文表达为as is known to all；as位于句首，首字母a大写。故填As；is。
57．（2023·贵州黔南·统考一模）毫无疑问，中国人最了解茶的本质。
The Chinese are without doubt the ones understand the nature of tea.
【答案】who best
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处考查定语从句。先行词the ones指人，故用who引导定语从句；best“最”。故填who；best。
58．（2023·贵州铜仁·统考模拟预测）他是一个获得了诺贝尔文学奖的优秀作家。
He is a great writer the Nobel Prize in Literature.
【答案】who/that won
【详解】根据题干可知，应用定语从句，获得：win，是动词，此处表示过去发生的事情，应用过去式；先行词a great writer是人，在从句中作主语，用who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that；won。
59．（2023·贵州遵义·统考一模）昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
Yesterday I helped an old man his way.
【答案】who/that lost
【详解】此处含定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，用who/that引导；lose one’s way“迷路”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填who/that；lost。
60．（2023·广东广州·广州市育才中学校考二模）上周，吴老师收到了初三学生Jane的求助信。
Last week, Miss Wu Jane, a Grade 9 student for help.
【答案】heard from who asked
【详解】hear from表示“收到……的来信”；ask for help表示“求助”。student后面是定语从句，先行词student是人，用who引导定语从句。再结合时间状语“Last week”可知，主句和从句都用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。 故填heard；from；who；asked。
一、单选选择
1．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life.
A．which B．whose C．whom D．who
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我将记住在我的生活中帮助和支持我的重要的人。
考查定语从句。which哪一个；whose谁的；whom谁；who谁。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词people是指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句，故选D。
2．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Miss Xiang is a great teacher _________always makes her classes lively and fascinating.
A．which B．who C．what D．whom
【答案】B
【详解】句意：向老师是一位优秀的老师，她总是使她的课生动有趣。
考查who引导的限制性定语从句。which（……的）那个；who谁；what什么；whom谁，who的宾格。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为a great teacher，因此空白处应填入指人的关系代词，在定语从句中作主语指人应用who来引导定语从句。故选B。
3．（2023·新疆·中考真题）Lots of Chinese young people ___________ were born after 1995 use door-to-door cooking to save time.
A．that B．those C．which D．/
【答案】A
【详解】句意：为了节省时间，很多95后的中国年轻人都采用上门做饭的方式。
考查定语从句引导词。that引导定语从句时，先行词是人/物，在句中作主语或宾语；those那些，指示代词；which引导定语从句时，先行词是物，在句中作主语或宾语；/不填。空后“...were born after 1995”在句中作定语修饰名词，先行词Chinese young people，指人，且空处在句中作主语，所以用who引导，故选A。
4．（2023·吉林·统考中考真题）The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days.
A．who B．where C．which
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这些天，学生们正在读充满“红色精神”的书。
考查定语从句。who谁；where哪儿；which哪个。本句含定语从句，先行词books指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。
3．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）— What can we do for the left-home children ________ need help
— We could help them with their study online on weekends.
A．which B．who C．whom
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我们能为需要帮助的留守儿童做些什么？——我们可以在周末帮助他们在线学习。
考查定语从句。which先行词指物；who先行词指人，在从句中作主语；whom先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。本句先行词是the left-home children，指人，且空格处在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选B。
5．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her class lively.
A．which B．whose C．who
【答案】C
【详解】句意：王老师是一位英语老师，她使她的课堂生动活泼。
考查定语从句。句子含定语从句，先行词是teacher，指人，从句缺主语，用关系代词who引导从句。故选C。
6．（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world.
A．which B．whom C．who
【答案】C
【详解】句意：郭沫若是一位著名的中国作家，在世界各地都很受欢迎。
考查定语从句。which指物，从句作主语，宾语；whom指人，从句作宾语；who指人，从句中作主语，宾语。根据语义及句子结构可知，前后为两个句子，且空后句子为定语从句，修饰先行词writer“作家”，指人，且在定语从句中充当主语，用关系词who。故选C。
7．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to this national character.
A．what B．who C．that
【答案】C
【详解】句意：今天的中国是一个保持这种民族性的国家。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是“a country”，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。
8．（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）Tea is the leaf of a plant ________ grows widely in China, Japan and other countries.
A．what B．who C．that
【答案】C
【详解】句意：茶是一种广泛生长在中国、日本和其他国家的植物的叶子。
考查定语从句。分析题干可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词“a plant”为物，空处在定语从句中作主语，应用that/which引导，故选C。
二、语法选择
（2022·湖南张家界·统考中考真题）
通读下面的短文，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项填空，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。
Once upon a time, there was 1 old man named Yu Gong. There were two 2 near his house. They were so high and big 3 it took a long time to walk to the other side. Yu Gong told his family that they should all help him to 4 the mountains. They started digging the next day. A man told Yu Gong he could never do it. 5 Yu Gong said that his family could 6 to move the mountains 7 he died. So they kept on digging day after day and year after year. 8 , a god was moved and he sent another two gods to take the mountains away.
1．A．a B．an C．the
2．A．a mountain B．mountain C．mountains
3．A．that B．what C．which
4．A．moving B．move C．moves
5．A．And B．Or C．But
6．A．to continue B．continues C．continue
7．A．after B．before C．behind
8．A．First B．At last C．Also
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了愚公移山的故事。
1．句意：从前，有一位老人，名叫愚公。
a不定冠词表泛指，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词表泛指，后接以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词表特指。此处泛指一位老人，old以元音音素开头，其前用an。故选B。
2．句意：他家附近有两座山。
a mountain一座山；mountain山，单数；mountains山，复数。根据“two”可知此处用可数名词复数。故选C。
3．句意：它们又高又大，要花很长时间才能走到另一边。
that用作关系代词，引导从句；what什么；which哪一个。“it took a long time to walk to the other side”是山的高大造成的结果，so ... that“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故选A。
4．句意：愚公告诉他的家人，他们应该帮助他移山。
moving动名词或现在分词；move动词原形；moves动词第三人称单数形式。help sb. to do sth.“帮助某人做某事”。故选B。
5．句意：但愚公说，他死后，他的家人可以继续移山。
And和；Or或者，否则；But但是。“一个人告诉愚公他永远做不到”与“愚公说他死后他的家人可以继续移山”之间句意出现转折，用But。故选C。
6．句意：但愚公说，他死后，他的家人可以继续搬山。
to continue动词不定式；continues动词第三人称单数形式；continue动词原形。情态动词could后接动词原形。故选C。
7．句意：但愚公说，他死后，他的家人可以继续移山。
after在……之后；before在……之前；behind在……后面。根据“his family could ... to move the mountains”可推出家人继续移山应是在愚公死后。故选A。
8．句意：最后，一个神被感动了，他又派了两个神去把山挪走。
First首先；At last最终；Also此外。根据“So they kept on digging day after day and year after year.”可知是最终感动了一个神。故选B。
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