2024届人教版高考英语二轮复习语法专题10并列连词和状语从句课件(共33张PPT)

(共33张PPT)
语法专项提升
语法专题十　并列连词和状语从句
英 语
内容索引
核心考点 分层突破
专项训练 巩固提升
核心考点 分层突破
高考链接
1.(2021·新高考Ⅰ, 语篇填空)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 　　　　　offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
2.(2021·天津3月, 单项填空)We all need to get involved in saving energy
　　　　　 it’s at work, at home, or at school.
and
空格前的highlights和空格后的offers为并列谓语动词, 故此处应填and。
whether
分析句子成分可知, 此处应填一个连词引导状语从句。根据句意及空格后的or可知, 此处应填whether。
4.(2020·山东, 语篇填空)They kept their collection at home until it got too big
　　　　　　 until they died, and then it was given to a museum.
3.(2021·全国甲, 语篇填空)My bike was old and shaky 　　　　　did the job.
but
前半句 “My bike was old and shaky” 与后半句 “did the job” 为转折关系, 故填but。
or
句意: 收藏家将收藏品放在家里, 直到收藏品足够丰富或者他们死后, 收藏品就捐赠给了博物馆。or表示选择。
6.(2018·江苏, 单项填空)　　　　　 you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
5.(2020·全国Ⅲ, 语篇填空)　　　　　 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
As/When
句意:当他问漓江岸上的村民在哪儿能找到这位传奇的艺术家时, 他们笑着指向河的下游。此处表示“当……的时候”, 故用As/When。
Unless
句意: 除非你能好好睡觉, 否则一两个晚上之后你就无法集中注意力, 思维混乱且缺乏动力。由句意可知, 此处应该用Unless引导条件状语从句, 表示“除非”。
考点归纳
考点一 并列连词
1.在句中连接并列的单词、短语、从句或者句子的词为并列连词。
2.并列连词按照在句中的作用可分为: 表示并列关系的连词(and, as well as, both...and..., not only...but also..., neither...nor...等)、表示转折关系的连词(but, yet, while等)、表示选择关系的连词(or, either...or...等)以及表示因果关系的连词(for, so等)。
Give me a chance, and I’ll give you a big surprise.
给我一个机会, 我会给你一个很大的惊喜。
I was glad to meet Jenny again, but I didn’t want to spend all day with her.
再次见到珍妮我很高兴, 但是我不想整天和她在一起。
考点二 时间状语从句
1.when, while, as都可译为 “当……的时候”, 但侧重点有所不同。
当主句动作是瞬时的、从句动作是延续的时, 三者都可以用。
as强调主、从句动作同时或几乎同时发生。
while从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词, 不能是非延续性动词。
She sang as we walked. I listened carefully while she was singing, and we felt happy when we got home.
我们一边走她一边唱, 她唱的时候我认真地听, 到家的时候我们感觉很高兴。
2.until 和not...until
until要与延续性动词连用; not...until 要与非延续性动词连用。
He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.
直到父亲回来他才上床睡觉。
3.特殊的时间状语从句的引导词
the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, no sooner...than..., hardly...when..., directly, immediately等单词或短语, 表示“一……就……”, 相当于as soon as。在no sooner...than...以及hardly...when...结构中, no sooner和hardly引导的句子通常用过去完成时, 而than和when引导的句子通常用一般过去时; 此外, no sooner和hardly位于句首时, 句子应用部分倒装语序。
Tell him the news the minute you meet Tom.
你一见到汤姆就告诉他这个消息吧。
Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
我刚到家就开始下雨了。
4.by the time 也可以引导时间状语从句, 意为“到……时为止”, 主句一般用完成时。
By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself. (从句为一般过去时, 主句要用过去完成时)
到十四岁的时候, 爱因斯坦已经自学完高等数学了。
5.几组固定形式
(1)It will be+一段时间+before...多久之后才……
(2)It is+一段时间+since...自从……以来已有多长时间了。
(3)be about to do...when...; be doing...when...; be on the point of doing... when...正在/要做……这时……
It will be two days before he returns. 要过两天他才回来。
It is three years since I came here. 我来这里三年了。
I was doing my homework when my cousin came.
我正在做作业, 这时候我表弟来了。
I was about to go out/on the point of going out when the phone rang.
我正要出去, 这时电话响了。
考点三 结果状语从句
常用句型:
so+形容词/副词+that从句
so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句
so+many/much/little/few+名词+that从句
such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句
such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句
He is so young that he cannot go to school.
他太小了以至于不能上学。
It is such fine weather that we all want to go out for a walk.
天气这么好, 以至于我们都想出去散步。
考点四 原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有: because, as, since, now that等。
1.because为常用词, 其语气最重, 且说明的是直接原因, 用来回答why引导的问句。
2.as, since和now that语气较弱, 常用来表示一些显而易见或对方知道的原因。
Mark needs to learn Chinese since his company is opening a branch in Beijing.
马克需要学习汉语, 因为他的公司正在北京开设分公司。
As it’s raining, you’d better take a taxi.
由于正在下雨, 你最好乘坐出租车。
Since everybody is here, let’s begin.
既然大家都在, 那我们就开始吧。
考点五 让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有: though, although, while, even if/though, however, whatever, whoever, no matter how, no matter what, no matter who等。
1.though, although引导让步状语从句时都不能和but连用, 但可以和yet(still)连用。
Although/Though all kites have a similar structure, they are widely different in size and shape.
尽管所有的风筝都有相似的结构, 但是它们在尺寸和形状上有很大的不同。
2.while引导让步状语从句时意为 “尽管, 虽然”, 多用于句首。
While we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficulty as long as we don’t lose heart.
尽管我们正遭受着如此严重的自然灾害, 但只要不灰心, 我们终会克服暂时的困难。
3.as/though引导让步状语从句时, 从句有时可采用倒装语序。
Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
尽管他是个孩子, 但他知道怎样做是正确的。
Young as/though he is, he is expert in this field.
虽然他很年轻, 但是他是这个领域的专家。
4.whether...or not意为 “无论(是否)”。
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
不管你信不信, 这是真的。
5.however+形容词/副词=no matter how+形容词/副词, 意为 “无论多么……”。
One can always manage to do more things, no matter how full one’s schedule is in life.
一个人总是可以设法做更多的事情, 不管在生活中时间表安排得有多满。
考点六 条件状语从句
条件状语从句通常分为两大类: 真实条件句和虚拟条件句。引导条件状语从句的连词有: if, unless, as/so long as, as/so far as, provided/providing(that), on condition that等。
1.如果主句是将来时, 条件状语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时; 如果条件状语从句中出现过去时及其相应时态, 则可能为虚拟条件句, 那么主句的谓语动词要用相应的虚拟语气形式。
If he had listened carefully, he would have done it better.
如果他认真听讲的话, 他会做得更好些。
2.unless 相当于if...not, 在虚拟条件句中可用if...not, 但不能用unless。
She says that she’ll have to close the shop unless business improves.
她说如果生意不见什么起色的话, 她就将店关了。
If you don’t have a good sense of direction, please take a compass with you.
如果你没有好的方向感, 请随身带一个指南针。
考点七 地点状语从句
地点状语从句多用where和wherever引导。
Where he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.
在他曾经想要放弃的地方, 他现在下定决心要推进一步, 继续前行。
考点八 目的状语从句
目的状语从句常用的连词有so that, in order that, in case等。
1.so that/in order that 引导的目的状语从句中常用情态动词can, could等。in order that 引导的目的状语从句可以放在主句之前或之后, 而so that引导的目的状语从句只能放在主句之后。
Take action today so that/in order that you won’t miss your opportunity next time.
今天就行动起来, 这样下次机会来时你就不会错过了。
2.in case 引导的状语从句中, 谓语动词可以用虚拟语气, 形式为 “should+动词原形”, 也可以不用虚拟语气。
You may leave the key at home in case one of us should think of/thinks of coming back.
你可以把钥匙留在家里, 以免我们中有人想要回来。
考点九 方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as, just as, as if=as though(从句可用虚拟语气)等引导。
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是自己的儿子一样。
考点十 比较状语从句
比较状语从句主要由than或as引导。
He earns less than his wife does.
他挣的钱比他的妻子少。
I have as many assignments as you have.
我的作业和你的一样多。
专项训练 巩固提升
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2021·山东临沂高三期末检测)Even if your country does not have any special days 　　　　　events for tree planting, you can always go it alone!
2.(2021·山东济南高三期末检测)It didn’t take long 　　　　　 they began to figure out the true meaning of happiness.
or
句意: 即使你的国家没有一些特殊的植树节日或植树活动, 你也可以自己行动起来。否定句中应用or连接并列成分。故填or。
before
It didn’t take long before...为固定句型, 表示 “不久就……; 很快就……”。
3.She had hardly sat down 　　　　　　the phone rang.
when
此处为hardly...when引导时间状语从句。句意: 她刚坐下, 电话铃就响了。
4.(2021·山东青岛高三一模)Craig Foster was diving in bitterly cold waters off the southern Africa 　　　　　he saw her—an octopus(章鱼)hiding under a shelter of shells and stones.
when
was/were doing... when...为固定句型, 意为 “正在干……,这时……”。
5.Building a skyscraper in the 21st century is much easier 　　　　　　it used to be.
6.The car in front of us came to such a sudden stop 　　　　we almost hit it.
than
根据空前的much easier可知, 此处为than引导的比较状语从句。
that
such...that...意为 “如此……以至于……”, 引导结果状语从句, 故此处应用that。
7.She bought the phone only 　　　　　　her sister had one.
because
根据句意 “她买了这部手机, 只是因为她的姐姐有一部手机” 可知, her sister had one做原因状语, 故填because。
8.　　　 　　　 scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don’t know.
Though/Although/While
句意: 虽然科学家们对宇宙有了很多了解, 但是仍然有许多我们不知道的东西。句中的逗号前后皆为句子, 因此空格处应填连词; 根据句子前后为让步关系可知, 此处应用Though/Although/While引导让步状语从句, 意为 “虽然”。
9.If you miss this chance, it may be years 　　　　　　you get another one.
10.I believe you will have a wonderful time here 　　　　　　you get to know everyone else.
before
句意: 如果你错过这次机会, 可能再过数年你才会得到另一次机会。此处考查句型 “it may be+时间段+before...”, 表示“可能要过……才……”。
once/if/when
分析句子前后的逻辑关系可知, “you get to know everyone else”是“you will have a wonderful time”的前提, 所以句子后半部分应该是一个条件或者时间状语从句。因此空格处可以填once/if/when。句意: 我相信一旦/如果/当你认识了这里其他所有的人, 你会过得很开心的。
11.He is a shy man, 　　　　　　he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
12.Vicky came back early last night. It was not yet nine o’clock 　　　 she arrived home.
but
句意: 他是一个腼腆的人, 但是他不害怕任何事情或任何人。前后两部分为转折关系, 所以填but。
when
句意: 薇姬昨晚回来得早。当她到家时还没到九点。根据句意可知, 此处用when引导时间状语从句, 表示 “当……的时候”。
13.You will never gain success 　　　　　you are fully devoted to your work.
unless
句意: 如果你不能全身心地投入工作, 你就永远不可能取得成功。unless在此处引导条件状语从句, 意为 “如果不, 除非”。
14.Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi　　　　　　 the bus had dropped her.
where
句意: 半小时过去了, 露西在下公交车的地方仍然没有打到出租车。where在此处引导地点状语从句, 表示谓语动作发生的地点。
15.My friend walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 　　　　　　the bus arrived.
until
句意: 我的朋友陪着我走到公共汽车站, 并且和我一起等着, 直到公共汽车到来。根据句意可知, 此处用until引导时间状语从句, 表示 “直到……为止”。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.He will try his best to solve the problem,_____________________________
　　　　　　　　(即使他会面临很大的挑战).
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(无论我多么饿), I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.
3.I had hardly got to the office 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(这时我妻子给我打电话) to go back home at once.
4.He won’t go to sleep 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(除非你给他讲个故事).
5.You can borrow my car 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(只要你保证不开得太快).
even if/even though he may face
great challenges
However hungry I am
when my wife called me
unless you tell him a story
as long as you promise not to drive too fast
6.Leave your key with your neighbour 　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　(以防有一天你把自己锁在外面了).
7.If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay 　　　　　　　(你所在的地方) and wait for help.
8.　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　(晚上的空气虽然很热), we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
9.Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(在你方便的任何时候).
10.His plan is such a good one 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(以至于我们同意接受它).
in case you lock yourself out one day
where you are
Hot as/though the night air was或Although/Though the night air was hot
whenever it is convenient to you
that we agree to accept it