高三英语期中测试卷
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、 准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)略
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A Fantastic Round Trip Rail Tour of Scotland
※9 days
※$2,395 per person (Travel insurance is not included in the price but can be arranged.)
Special offer
Book a qualifying 2023 escorted(导游陪同) rail tour and save up to $250 per person. Book by November 24, 2022, so that your vacation start or end can be arranged to meet your travel needs.
About the tour
Lakes and valleys, as well as castles and islands, wait for our discovery as we travel through the beautiful island of Scotland. The explorations begin in Edinburgh, where we can explore freely before traveling to Glasgow. In Glasgow, we board the famous West Highland Line and travel along lakes, past mountains, and through unique villages. Leaving the mainland, we journey by ferryboat to the Isle of Mull and enjoy a visit to an ancient castle and authentic Scotch whiskey(威士忌酒). Then, we enjoy highlights such as Neptune’s Staircase, a cruise of Loch Linnhe, a ride aboard the Jacobite Steam Train. and the legendary Loc h Ness. One final train ride, the Kyle Line, takes us to Kyle of Lochalsh, where we visit the 13th-century Eilean Donan Castle. After returning to Edinburgh, we can enjoy more representative views.
Highlights
·Three scenic rail excursions(短途旅行)
·Isle of Mull including Duart Castle
·Whiskey tasting
·Visits to Eilean Donan Castle
What’s included
TRANSPORTATION ·Standard Class rail travel on local rail networks ·Heritage Rail Excursions ·All rail and coach travel throughout the tour
ACCOMMODATION ·Hotel accommodations for 8 nights
EXCURSIONS & ENTERTAINMENT ·Services of a professional tour escort and knowledgeable local guides
FOOD &DRINKS ·15 meals including a special “Scottish Evening”on the final night featuring a Scottish piper(风笛吹奏者) and a traditional Scottish menu
Attention：Travel insurance is not included in the price but can be arranged.
1. What should you do to get a special offer
A. Book by November 24 2022. B. Travel in a group of more than three.
C. Pay in cash at least 9 days in advance. D. Determine the travel needs earlier than others.
2. How can we get access to the Eilean Donan Castle
A. By ferryboat. B. By plane.
C. By boarding the Kyle Line. D. By boarding the West Highland Line.
3. What service charges an extra fee
A. Transportation. B. Accommodation. C. Food. D. Travel insurance.
B
World Book Day falls on April 23rd every year, but do you know that it is also Shakespeare Day Everybody may have heard of Shakespeare, but do you know how many plays he wrote
Shakespeare’s plays have three kinds: tragedies, comedies and histories. His most famous play is the tragic story of Romeo and Juliet, which deals with two young lovers who are not allowed to marry by their parents. It was best-known to people. Other tragedies include Hamlet, Othello, and Macbethd.
Shakespeare’s comedies include Much Ado About Nothing,A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Twelfth Night. Twelfth Night is a play about unclear identities. Two twins are shipwrecked (遭海难) and the sister, Viola, dresses up as her brother, Sebastian, who she thinks is dead. It’s funny, because the brother reappears and there’s a big love problem going on: Viola is in love with the Duke, who is in love with Olivia, who falls in love with Sebastian except that she doesn’t realize that Sebastian is actually Viola dressed up! Everybody falls in love with the wrong person, but it is all made right in the end.
Some of his history plays, such as Antony and Cleopatra, Richard III and Henry V,are based on the lives of real historical people. In Antony and Cleopatra, Cleopatra becomes Antony’s girlfriend and Antony becomes so crazy about her that he loses control of the army. Cleopatra kills herself in the end and Antony kills himself too.
Shakespeare’s plays can be very difficult sometimes. Some of the themes they deal with are heavy, so they almost always include a lighter subplot with characters that are not so important. They are often used in tragedies to lighten the mood of the play and to keep the audience interested in the main plot.
4. Which of the following plays is best-known to people
A. Twelfth Night. B. Antony and Cleopatra.
C. Romeo and Juliet. D. Much Ado About Nothing.
5. Which is a comedy character according to the text
A. Othello. B. Sebastian. C. Antony. D. Hamlet.
6. Which of the following is wrong
A. World Book Day falls on April 23rd every year.
B. There are three kinds of Shakespeare’s plays.
C. Shakespeare’s plays can be very difficult sometimes.
D. Real historical events can be found in every history play.
7 What is the purpose of the subplot in Shakespeare’s plays
A. To lead the development of the main plot.
B. To help the audience understand the plays.
C. To make the difficult plot of the plays simple.
D. To relax the audience and make them follow the main theme.
C
An antibacterial drug obtained from the liquid of an Australian tree has shown promise for treating chronic (慢性的) wounds in animal tests.
Chronic wounds are common in people with diabetes (糖尿病), because poor circulation and other symptoms slow down healing. Such wounds are painful and have a high risk of infection.
Doctors increasingly want to control the use of antibiotics (抗生素) in order to minimize the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. To look for alternatives, David Thomas at Cardiff University in the UK and his colleagues investigated chemicals obtained from the liquid of the blush wood tree, which grows in Australia.
They tested a gel containing a promising chemical called EBC-1013 in two animals: mice used to model diabetes, with chronic wounds, and milk cows. All milk cows have their horns taken off, so the researchers applied the treatment to this wound.
In the cows treated with EBC-1013, 75 percent of the wounds were recovered after 28 days, compared with just 25 percent of untreated wounds. In the mice, complete wound recovery was observed in five of the seven animals studied, whereas none of the seven wounds was recovered in the control group.
Bacteria in chronic wounds are more likely to form a sticky material called a biofilm. They are resistant to antibiotics, making such wounds difficult to treat. The new drug appears to disrupt the structure of biofilms and cause the production of cells and proteins that promote recovery.
“The next challenge will be to show that these preclinical findings translate into the clinic and that they can be developed into a safe and cost-effective treatment for chronic wounds,” says Matthew Hardman the at University of Hull, UK.
8. What’s the purpose of the research on the tree liquid
A. To increase the use of antibiotics. B. To find replacements for antibiotics.
C. To reduce the growth of the bacteria. D. To strengthen the circulation of patients.
9. What does the underlined word “disrupt” in the sixth paragraph mean
A. Treat. B. Destroy. C. Improve. D. Arrange.
10. What do we know about the findings
A. They cause safety concern. B. They enjoy praise from doctors.
C. They remain to be further developed. D. They have offered affordable treatment.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. People with diabetes are sure to recover
B. Tree liquid attracts researchers’ attention
C. Antibiotics lead to antibiotic-resistant bacteria
D. Drug from the liquid could treat chronic wounds
D
Can you imagine there being a community where boys and girls growing up together can finally speak different languages In Ubang Nigeria, it really happens. It’s not exactly clear what percentage of the words in the men’s and women’s languages are different, but there are enough examples to make sentences sound different when spoken by the opposite sex. For “clothing”, men use the word “nki”, while women say “ariga”; “kitchi” means tree for men, while women say “okweng”. These are not just some slight pronunciation differences, but totally different words. “It’s almost like two different lexicons (词汇集),” a language expert, Chi Chi Undle said. “There are a lot of words that men and women share in common, but there are others which are totally different depending on your sex. They don’t sound alike, and don’t have the same letters. They are completely different words.”
Interestingly, both men and women are able to understand each other perfectly in Ubang, as both boys and girls grow up around their parents and get to learn both languages, but by the age of 10, boys are expected to speak in the male tongue. It seems that there is a stage the male will reach and he discovers he is not using the rightful language. When he starts speaking the men’s language, you know the maturity is coming into him.
No one really knows how or why the double-language tradition of Ubang began. Chi Chi Undie believes the two languages are the result of a “double-sex culture” where men and women operate in two separate spheres (范围) and live in separate worlds that rarely come together. However, she admits this is a weak theory, as the double-sex culture is present in many parts of Africa, where there are no different languages for men and women.
Today, with English words constantly entering the lexicon of young Nigerians, Ubang’s two languages are in danger of being lost forever. Worse still, neither the male nor female language is written down, so they both rely on young people passing them down to the next generation.
12. What do we know about languages in Ubang
A. Word differences account for a high percentage.
B. Men and women speak totally different languages.
C. Word differences partly exist between the opposite sex.
D. Men and women pronounce differently on the same word.
13. Why can me and women understand each other easily in Ubang
A. Their lexicons sound alike.
B. They learn both languages at school.
C. The men can speak two different languages.
D. They are exposed to both languages in their childhood.
14. What does Chi Chi Undie want to explore in Paragraph 3
A. The change of double-sex culture.
B. The theory of doube-sex culture.
C. The origin of double-language tradition.
D. The sphere of double-language tradition.
15. How does the author feel about the disappearing languages in Ubang
A. Frightened. B. Concerned.
C. Confused. D. Stressed.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever felt a wave of anxiety (焦虑) when going out in public Have you ever felt as if people were talking about you or laughing at you ____16____. Luckily, here are three tips to help you overcome this issue.
Understand the spotlight effect (焦点效应)
Many people assume that they’re being judged all the time but actually it may only be occasional. Keeping this in mind, we can look at others and think to ourselves, “Ah, they’re probably thinking about themselves right now”. Whenever you start feeling anxious outside, you can remind yourself of this. ____17____. It will give you an advantage in social situations.
Use cognitive restructuring (认知重建)
____18____. For example, you stutter (结巴) a bit while talking with someone else. Then you begin to worry you’ve messed up and that this person now thinks less of you. In this situation. you can remind yourself that everyone stutters from time to time. And since the spotlight effect exists, chances are this person didn’t even notice it. This way of thinking will immediately relax you.
____19____
If you always run away from a fear, your body and mind will remember it as something dangerous enough to run away from. But if you face your fears, over time your body will start to accept them as something manageable. And your anxiety should decrease little by little. You can take baby steps here. Start off by saying thank you to people you often meet, such as cashiers or bus drivers. Then when you feel comfortable enough, move on to making small talks with them. ____20____. This should help you with your anxiety.
A. Face your fears
B. Talk to people frequently
C. You can turn a blind eye to people around you
D. Well, you might be suffering from social anxiety
E. You can also try to focus more on others than yourselves
F. Finally, you can increase the amount and depth of these talks
G. This is when you question the beliefs that cause your anxiety
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When my daughter was in grade school, she brought home four tiny branches one day. They were small ____21____ given to the students to plant. None of them looked very strong, but with a ____22____ for the future, I planted them in our backyard. Over the years the ____23____ soil brought an end to three of them.
All that was ____24____ was a single evergreen. It never got very tall and ____25____ to one side. Then, I noticed that it was starting to ____26____. The lower branches were becoming brown. Only the top ones of the tree were still ____27____.
I did my best to ____28____ it by feeding it a lot of fertilizer (肥料), but it seemed hopeless. One morning I went out and looked at it again, ____29____ if it would be better to just cut it down. As I walked over to take a closer look at it, _____30_____, I noticed something moving among the branches. It was a bird _____31_____ building a nest (巢) in the topmost branches. I smiled and _____32_____ that maybe this old tree had some life and usefulness left in it yet. It may not be healthy or pretty, but it was still giving a bird a _____33_____.
This tree _____34_____ me that all of our lives have a purpose. It doesn’t matter if we are young and strong, or old and sick. Until our last _____35_____ we still have things to do: love for us to give, and joy for us to share. We can help to make this world a better and lovelier place.
21. A. flowers B. seeds C. trees D. vegetables
22. A. life B. hope C. chance D. end
23. A. rich B. soft C. poor D. deep
24. A. left B. gone C. deserted D. planted
25. A. turned B. bent C. sank D. flew
26. A. take B. lose C. grow D. die
27. A. green B. brown C. tiny D. pretty
28. A. change B. cut C. use D. save
29. A. regretting B. asking C. wondering D. knowing
30 A. however B. therefore C. moreover D. otherwise
31. A. freely B. busily C. gently D. slowly
32. A. explored B. shouted C. decided D. wished
33. A. home B. purpose C. branch D. way
34. A. upset B. reminded C. ensured D. affected
35. A. night B. lesson C. word D. breath
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Preserving more habitats for China’s giant pandas is providing a giant payoff.____36____(save) the giant panda from dying out isn’t just good for the panda, but it’s also good for economy, a new analysis by an international team of scientists shows.
The results,____37____(publish) in the magazine Current Biology, stress the economic bene-fits that go hand in hand with environmental protection. Giant pandas are one of the____38____(rare) species around the world. But pandas fell on hard times in recent decades, thanks largely____39____human encroachment (侵入). In 1980 alone,many habitats____40____(destroy) artificially, and in 1990, their habitats covered only 12,340 square kilometers, ____41____is a major threat to the pandas in large part because bamboo, their main food source, is so low in nutrients that they must wander a lot of land in order to find and eat enough of it.
Because of this, Chinese officials began making significant efforts to save the panda from ____42____(extinct), establishing more reserves and increasing the reserve area three times. Panda numbers____43____(gradual) began to recover, hitting 1,596 in 2000 and 1,864 in 2010.
“____44____is clear that society’s investment (投资)_____45_____(start) to pay off so far in terms of panda population recovery,” the study authors wrote.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你叫李华，你从报纸上得知世界上有多种大象面临灭绝的危险。你决定给世界野生生物基金会(WWF)写信反映这一情况，提出你的建议和希望。内容包括：
1.濒危原因：人类活动，如过渡捕猎、栖息地遭到破坏等;
2提出建议;
3.表达希望。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.信开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Sir or Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sticking together was always important to my family — especially after my dad left us. I didn’t always talk to my mom about my feelings, because she was busy tending our farm. I talked to my sister, Alana, and I talked to Sister Belle — that’s what we called our cow. She was definitely part of my family, and we loved her very much.
Later on, as we needed to move, we had to sell our farm and all the animals, including Sister Belle. We wanted her to go to someone who would love her like we did, and we thought it was an answer to our hope when a man called. He told he could only pay 300 dollars, but that he had lots of pasture (牧场) and a large barn (畜棚). That afternoon, we went to his place. It looked really nice, and we were happy that we had found the right home for Sister Belle.
The next day we delivered Sister Belle to her new owner. I could feel tears stinging my eyes, but I convinced myself that Sister Belle would be better off in her new home.
A week later, while we were having our moving sale, a neighbor came up telling us she had seen our cow before the cow went to auction (拍卖会). My mom couldn’t believe it and asked who was sell ng the cow. When knowing who it was, I felt sick. We had trusted him, and just a week later he was selling Sister Belle away to make a profit!
We drove to his house. When he answered the door, mom told him what the neighbor had said and he shut the door right in our faces. Alana was crying, and my mom was begging him to sell Sister Belle back to us. But he wouldn’t open the door.
Back home, my mother started calling a lot of auctions and finally found one that had a record of our cow, and told us the cow would be auctioned off the next morning.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next day we arrived at the auction early.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Therefore, we decided to join in the auction.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高三英语期中测试卷
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、 准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)略
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A Fantastic Round Trip Rail Tour of Scotland
※9 days
※$2,395 per person (Travel insurance is not included in the price but can be arranged.)
Special offer
Book a qualifying 2023 escorted(导游陪同) rail tour and save up to $250 per person. Book by November 24, 2022, so that your vacation start or end can be arranged to meet your travel needs.
About the tour
Lakes and valleys, as well as castles and islands, wait for our discovery as we travel through the beautiful island of Scotland. The explorations begin in Edinburgh, where we can explore freely before traveling to Glasgow. In Glasgow, we board the famous West Highland Line and travel along lakes, past mountains, and through unique villages. Leaving the mainland, we journey by ferryboat to the Isle of Mull and enjoy a visit to an ancient castle and authentic Scotch whiskey(威士忌酒). Then, we enjoy highlights such as Neptune’s Staircase, a cruise of Loch Linnhe, a ride aboard the Jacobite Steam Train. and the legendary Loc h Ness. One final train ride, the Kyle Line, takes us to Kyle of Lochalsh, where we visit the 13th-century Eilean Donan Castle. After returning to Edinburgh, we can enjoy more representative views.
Highlights
·Three scenic rail excursions(短途旅行)
·Isle of Mull including Duart Castle
·Whiskey tasting
·Visits to Eilean Donan Castle
What’s included
TRANSPORTATION ·Standard Class rail travel on local rail networks ·Heritage Rail Excursions ·All rail and coach travel throughout the tour
ACCOMMODATION ·Hotel accommodations for 8 nights
EXCURSIONS & ENTERTAINMENT ·Services of a professional tour escort and knowledgeable local guides
FOOD &DRINKS ·15 meals including a special “Scottish Evening”on the final night featuring a Scottish piper(风笛吹奏者) and a traditional Scottish menu
Attention：Travel insurance is not included in the price but can be arranged.
1. What should you do to get a special offer
A. Book by November 24, 2022. B. Travel in a group of more than three.
C. Pay in cash at least 9 days in advance. D. Determine the travel needs earlier than others.
2. How can we get access to the Eilean Donan Castle
A. By ferryboat. B. By plane.
C. By boarding the Kyle Line. D. By boarding the West Highland Line.
3. What service charges an extra fee
A. Transportation. B. Accommodation. C. Food. D. Travel insurance.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一次绝妙的苏格兰铁路往返之旅的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Special offer标题下的“Book a qualifying 2023 escorted(导游陪同)rail tour and save up to $250 per person. Book by November 24, 2022, so that your vacation start or end can be arranged to meet your travel needs.(预订符合资格的2023年导游陪同的铁路旅行，每人最多可节省250美元。在2022年11月24日前预订，以便安排您的假期开始或结束，以满足您的旅行需求。)”可知，游客必须在2022年11月24日前预订才可以享受优惠，故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据About the tour标题下的“One final train ride, the Kyle Line, takes us to Kyle of Lochalsh, where we visit the 13th-century Eilean Donan Castle.(最后一次乘坐火车，凯尔线，将我们带到洛哈尔什的凯尔，在那里我们参观了13世纪的艾林多南城堡。)”可知，我们乘坐凯尔线到达城堡，故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格下的最后一行“Attention：Travel insurance is not included in the price but can be arranged.(注意：旅行保险不包含在价格中，但可以安排。)”可知，旅行保险服务是额外收费的，故选D项。
B
World Book Day falls on April 23rd every year, but do you know that it is also Shakespeare Day Everybody may have heard of Shakespeare, but do you know how many plays he wrote
Shakespeare’s plays have three kinds: tragedies, comedies and histories. His most famous play is the tragic story of Romeo and Juliet, which deals with two young lovers who are not allowed to marry by their parents. It was best-known to people. Other tragedies include Hamlet, Othello, and Macbethd.
Shakespeare’s comedies include Much Ado About Nothing,A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Twelfth Night. Twelfth Night is a play about unclear identities. Two twins are shipwrecked (遭海难) and the sister, Viola, dresses up as her brother, Sebastian, who she thinks is dead. It’s funny, because the brother reappears and there’s a big love problem going on: Viola is in love with the Duke, who is in love with Olivia, who falls in love with Sebastian except that she doesn’t realize that Sebastian is actually Viola dressed up! Everybody falls in love with the wrong person, but it is all made right in the end.
Some of his history plays, such as Antony and Cleopatra, Richard III and Henry V,are based on the lives of real historical people. In Antony and Cleopatra, Cleopatra becomes Antony’s girlfriend and Antony becomes so crazy about her that he loses control of the army. Cleopatra kills herself in the end and Antony kills himself too.
Shakespeare’s plays can be very difficult sometimes. Some of the themes they deal with are heavy, so they almost always include a lighter subplot with characters that are not so important. They are often used in tragedies to lighten the mood of the play and to keep the audience interested in the main plot.
4. Which of the following plays is best-known to people
A. Twelfth Night. B. Antony and Cleopatra.
C. Romeo and Juliet. D. Much Ado About Nothing.
5. Which is a comedy character according to the text
A. Othello. B. Sebastian. C. Antony. D. Hamlet.
6. Which of the following is wrong
A. World Book Day falls on April 23rd every year.
B. There are three kinds of Shakespeare’s plays.
C. Shakespeare’s plays can be very difficult sometimes.
D. Real historical events can be found in every history play.
7. What is the purpose of the subplot in Shakespeare’s plays
A. To lead the development of the main plot.
B. To help the audience understand the plays.
C. To make the difficult plot of the plays simple.
D. To relax the audience and make them follow the main theme.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了莎士比亚的悲剧、喜剧和历史剧的代表作品。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His most famous play is the tragic story of Romeo and Juliet (他最著名的戏剧是《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的悲剧故事)”可知，莎士比亚最著名的戏剧是《罗密欧与朱丽叶》，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Shakespeare’s comedies include Much Ado About Nothing,A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Twelfth Night. Twelfth Night is a play about unclear identities. Two twins are shipwrecked (遭海难) and the sister, Viola, dresses up as her brother, Sebastian, who she thinks is dead. (莎士比亚的喜剧包括《无事生非》、《仲夏夜之梦》和《第十二夜》。《第十二夜》是一部关于身份不明的戏剧。一对双胞胎遭遇海难，妹妹Viola打扮成她以为已经死去的哥哥Sebastian。)”可知，Sebastian是莎士比亚的喜剧《第十二夜》中的人物，故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Some of his history plays,such as Antony and Cleopatra,Richard III and Henry V, are based on the lives of real historical people. (他的一些历史剧，如《安东尼与克利奥帕特拉》、《理查三世》和《亨利五世》，都是根据真实的历史人物的生活改编的。)”可知，莎士比亚一些历史剧中的人物是由真实的历史人物发展而来的，不能推出每一部历史剧都能找到真实的历史事件。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They are often used in tragedies to lighten the mood of the play and to keep the audience interested in the main plot. (它们常被用于悲剧中，以减轻戏剧的情绪，并保持观众对主要情节的兴趣)”可知，由此可知，莎士比亚戏剧中副情节的目的是让观众放松，让他们跟着主题走，故选D。
C
An antibacterial drug obtained from the liquid of an Australian tree has shown promise for treating chronic (慢性的) wounds in animal tests.
Chronic wounds are common in people with diabetes (糖尿病), because poor circulation and other symptoms slow down healing. Such wounds are painful and have a high risk of infection.
Doctors increasingly want to control the use of antibiotics (抗生素) in order to minimize the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. To look for alternatives, David Thomas at Cardiff University in the UK and his colleagues investigated chemicals obtained from the liquid of the blush wood tree, which grows in Australia.
They tested a gel containing a promising chemical called EBC-1013 in two animals: mice used to model diabetes, with chronic wounds, and milk cows. All milk cows have their horns taken off, so the researchers applied the treatment to this wound.
In the cows treated with EBC-1013, 75 percent of the wounds were recovered after 28 days, compared with just 25 percent of untreated wounds. In the mice, complete wound recovery was observed in five of the seven animals studied, whereas none of the seven wounds was recovered in the control group.
Bacteria in chronic wounds are more likely to form a sticky material called a biofilm. They are resistant to antibiotics, making such wounds difficult to treat. The new drug appears to disrupt the structure of biofilms and cause the production of cells and proteins that promote recovery.
“The next challenge will be to show that these preclinical findings translate into the clinic and that they can be developed into a safe and cost-effective treatment for chronic wounds,” says Matthew Hardman the at University of Hull, UK.
8. What’s the purpose of the research on the tree liquid
A. To increase the use of antibiotics. B. To find replacements for antibiotics.
C. To reduce the growth of the bacteria. D. To strengthen the circulation of patients.
9. What does the underlined word “disrupt” in the sixth paragraph mean
A. Treat. B. Destroy. C. Improve. D. Arrange.
10. What do we know about the findings
A They cause safety concern. B. They enjoy praise from doctors.
C. They remain to be further developed. D. They have offered affordable treatment.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. People with diabetes are sure to recover
B. Tree liquid attracts researchers’ attention
C. Antibiotics lead to antibiotic-resistant bacteria
D. Drug from the liquid could treat chronic wounds
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一种源自澳大利亚树汁的抗菌药物在动物试验中显示出有望治疗慢性伤口。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“To look for alternatives, David Thomas at Cardiff University in the UK and his colleagues investigated chemicals obtained from the liquid of the blush wood tree, which grows in Australia.(为了寻找替代品，英国卡迪夫大学的大卫·托马斯和他的同事们研究了从生长在澳大利亚的红木树的液体中提取的化学物质)”可知，这项研究的目的是为了寻找抗生素的替代品。故选B。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“Bacteria in chronic wounds are more likely to form a sticky material called a biofilm. They are resistant to antibiotics, making such wounds difficult to treat.(慢性伤口中的细菌更有可能形成一种叫做生物膜的粘性物质。它们对抗生素有抗药性，使得这种伤口难以治疗)”以及后文“the structure of biofilms and cause the production of cells and proteins that promote recovery(生物膜的结构，并导致产生促进恢复的细胞和蛋白质)”可知，慢性伤口中的细菌更有可能形成一种被称为生物膜的粘性物质。这些对抗生素具有耐药性，使此类伤口难以治疗。所以这种新药应该是破坏生物膜的结构。故划线词意思是“破坏”。故选B。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The next challenge will be to show that these preclinical findings translate into the clinic and that they can be developed into a safe and cost-effective treatment for chronic wounds,” says Matthew Hardman the at University of Hull, UK.(英国赫尔大学的Matthew Hardman说：“下一个挑战将是证明这些临床前的发现可以转化为临床，并且可以发展成一种安全且具有成本效益的慢性伤口治疗方法。”)”可知， 接下来将研究将这些发现运用于临床，并且研发一种安全且成本效益高的慢性伤口的治疗方法。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“An antibacterial drug obtained from the liquid of an Australian tree has shown promise for treating chronic (慢性的) wounds in animal tests.(从澳大利亚一棵树的液体中提取的一种抗菌药物在动物实验中显示出治疗慢性伤口的希望)”结合本文主要介绍了一种源自树汁的抗菌药物有望治疗慢性伤口，D项“液体中的药物可以治疗慢性伤口”最能概括文章大意。故选D。
D
Can you imagine there being a community where boys and girls growing up together can finally speak different languages In Ubang Nigeria, it really happens. It’s not exactly clear what percentage of the words in the men’s and women’s languages are different, but there are enough examples to make sentences sound different when spoken by the opposite sex. For “clothing”, men use the word “nki”, while women say “ariga”; “kitchi” means tree for men, while women say “okweng”. These are not just some slight pronunciation differences, but totally different words. “It’s almost like two different lexicons (词汇集),” a language expert, Chi Chi Undle said. “There are a lot of words that men and women share in common, but there are others which are totally different depending on your sex. They don’t sound alike, and don’t have the same letters. They are completely different words.”
Interestingly, both men and women are able to understand each other perfectly in Ubang, as both boys and girls grow up around their parents and get to learn both languages, but by the age of 10, boys are expected to speak in the male tongue. It seems that there is a stage the male will reach and he discovers he is not using the rightful language. When he starts speaking the men’s language, you know the maturity is coming into him.
No one really knows how or why the double-language tradition of Ubang began. Chi Chi Undie believes the two languages are the result of a “double-sex culture” where men and women operate in two separate spheres (范围) and live in separate worlds that rarely come together. However, she admits this is a weak theory, as the double-sex culture is present in many parts of Africa, where there are no different languages for men and women.
Today, with English words constantly entering the lexicon of young Nigerians, Ubang’s two languages are in danger of being lost forever. Worse still, neither the male nor female language is written down, so they both rely on young people passing them down to the next generation.
12. What do we know about languages in Ubang
A. Word differences account for a high percentage.
B. Men and women speak totally different languages.
C. Word differences partly exist between the opposite sex.
D. Men and women pronounce differently on the same word.
13. Why can me and women understand each other easily in Ubang
A. Their lexicons sound alike.
B. They learn both languages at school.
C. The men can speak two different languages.
D. They are exposed to both languages in their childhood.
14. What does Chi Chi Undie want to explore in Paragraph 3
A. The change of double-sex culture.
B. The theory of doube-sex culture.
C. The origin of double-language tradition.
D. The sphere of double-language tradition.
15. How does the author feel about the disappearing languages in Ubang
A. Frightened. B. Concerned.
C. Confused. D. Stressed.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尼日利亚乌邦语的特点，男性和女性的语言在词汇上有一定的差别。文章分析了这种语言现象的原因，特点以及这种语言现象存在即将消失的危险。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段““There are a lot of words that men and women share in common, but there are others which are totally different depending on your sex. They don’t sound alike, and don’t have the same letters. They are completely different words.”(“有很多男人和女人共用的词汇，但根据你的性别，有些词完全不同。它们听起来不一样，字母也不一样。它们是完全不同的词。”)”可知，尼日利亚乌邦语中，女性和男性在词汇上有很大的不同，即：在尼日利亚乌邦语中，部分词汇因性别不同而不同。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“Interestingly, both men and women are able to understand each other perfectly in Ubang, as both boys and girls grow up around their parents and get to learn both languages, but by the age of 10, boys are expected to speak in the male tongue.(有趣的是，在乌邦，男人和女人都能完全理解对方，因为男孩和女孩都在父母身边长大，学习两种语言，但到10岁时，男孩预计会说男性语言)”可知，在乌邦，女人和男人能够完全理解对方，是因为他们在童年时是在这种语言环境中长大的。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话“No one really knows how or why the double-language tradition of Ubang began. (没有人真正知道乌邦的双语传统是如何或为什么开始的）”可推知，Chi Chi Undie想在第三段中探讨乌邦双语传统的起源。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Worse still, neither the male nor female language is written down, so they both rely on young people passing them down to the next generation.(更糟糕是，男性和女性语言都没有被记录下来，因此他们都依赖年轻人将其传给下一代)”可推知，作者担心乌邦的双语传统会消失。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever felt a wave of anxiety (焦虑) when going out in public Have you ever felt as if people were talking about you or laughing at you ____16____. Luckily, here are three tips to help you overcome this issue.
Understand the spotlight effect (焦点效应)
Many people assume that they’re being judged all the time but actually it may only be occasional. Keeping this in mind, we can look at others and think to ourselves, “Ah, they’re probably thinking about themselves right now”. Whenever you start feeling anxious outside, you can remind yourself of this. ____17____. It will give you an advantage in social situations.
Use cognitive restructuring (认知重建)
____18____. For example you stutter (结巴) a bit while talking with someone else. Then you begin to worry you’ve messed up and that this person now thinks less of you. In this situation. you can remind yourself that everyone stutters from time to time. And since the spotlight effect exists, chances are this person didn’t even notice it. This way of thinking will immediately relax you.
____19____
If you always run away from a fear, your body and mind will remember it as something dangerous enough to run away from. But if you face your fears, over time your body will start to accept them as something manageable. And your anxiety should decrease little by little. You can take baby steps here. Start off by saying thank you to people you often meet, such as cashiers or bus drivers. Then when you feel comfortable enough, move on to making small talks with them. ____20____. This should help you with your anxiety.
A. Face your fears
B. Talk to people frequently
C. You can turn a blind eye to people around you
D. Well, you might be suffering from social anxiety
E. You can also try to focus more on others than yourselves
F. Finally, you can increase the amount and depth of these talks
G. This is when you question the beliefs that cause your anxiety
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了如何克服社交焦虑症。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Luckily, here are three tips to help you overcome this issue.(幸运的是，这里有三个技巧可以帮助你克服这个问题。)”中“this issue”可知，设空句会提出一个“问题”，结合上文“Have you ever felt a wave of anxiety (焦虑) when going out in public Have you ever felt as if people were talking about you or laughing at you (当你在公共场合外出时，你是否曾感到一阵焦虑 你是否曾经觉得人们在谈论你或嘲笑你 )”可知，这一问题社交有关，D项“Well, you might be suffering from social anxiety (好吧，你可能患有社交焦虑症)”承接上文，提出问题，句中“social anxiety”即下文中“this issue”。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“Many people assume that they’re being judged all the time but actually it may only be occasional.(许多人认为他们一直在被评判，但实际上可能只是偶尔。)”提出焦点效应，指出人们高估周围人对自己外表和行为关注度，这会引起焦虑，E项“You can also try to focus more on others than yourselves (你也可以试着多关注别人而不是自己)”给出建议：试着多关注别人而不是自己，句中“You can also...”与上一条建议“..., you can remind yourself of this.”构成并列关系，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据小标题“Use cognitive restructuring (认知重建)”可知，本段建议重建自己的认知，G项“This is when you question the beliefs that cause your anxiety (这是质疑导致你焦虑的观点的时候)”解释了什么是重建自己的认知，即对自己的一些观点提出质疑，改变自己的一引起看法。下文“For example, you stutter (结巴) a bit while talking with someone else. Then you begin to worry you’ve messed up and that this person now thinks less of you. In this situation, you can remind yourself that everyone stutters from time to time.(例如，你和别人说话时有点口吃。然后你开始担心你搞砸了，担心这个人现在看不起你了。在这种情况下。你可以提醒自己，每个人都会时不时地结巴。)”用具体事例进行举例说明，句中“remind yourself that everyone stutters from time to time”即一种认知的重建，一种看法的改变。上下文语意一致。故选G项。
【19题详解】
设空句是段首小标题，根据段中“If you always run away from a fear, your body and mind will remember it as something dangerous enough to run away from. But if you face your fears, over time your body will start to accept them as something manageable. (如果你总是逃避恐惧，你的身体和头脑会记住它是足够危险的东西，需要来逃避。但如果你直面你的恐惧，随着时间的推移，你的身体会开始接受它们，认为它们是可以控制的。)”可知，本段讲直面你的恐惧。所以A项“Face your fears(面对你的恐惧)”是最佳标题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“You can take baby steps here. Start off by saying thank you to people you often meet, such as cashiers or bus drivers. Then when you feel comfortable enough, move on to making small talks with them.(你可以从这里开始。从对你经常遇到的人说声谢谢开始，比如收银员或公交车司机。然后当你觉得足够舒服的时候，继续和他们闲聊。)”讲如何展开与其它人的对话，遵循“baby steps”的步骤，句中分别用了“Start off”和“move on”来表示循序渐近的过程，F项“Finally, you can increase the amount and depth of these talks (最后，你可以增加谈话的数量和深度)”承接上文，说明最终达到的结果“increase the amount and depth of these talks”，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When my daughter was in grade school, she brought home four tiny branches one day. They were small ____21____ given to the students to plant. None of them looked very strong, but with a ____22____ for the future, I planted them in our backyard. Over the years the ____23____ soil brought an end to three of them.
All that was ____24____ was a single evergreen. It never got very tall and ____25____ to one side. Then, I noticed that it was starting to ____26____. The lower branches were becoming brown. Only the top ones of the tree were still ____27____.
I did my best to ____28____ it by feeding it a lot of fertilizer (肥料), but it seemed hopeless. One morning I went out and looked at it again, ____29____ if it would be better to just cut it down. As I walked over to take a closer look at it, _____30_____, I noticed something moving among the branches. It was a bird _____31_____ building a nest (巢) in the topmost branches. I smiled and _____32_____ that maybe this old tree had some life and usefulness left in it yet. It may not be healthy or pretty, but it was still giving a bird a _____33_____.
This tree _____34_____ me that all of our lives have a purpose. It doesn’t matter if we are young and strong, or old and sick. Until our last _____35_____ we still have things to do: love for us to give, and joy for us to share. We can help to make this world a better and lovelier place.
21. A. flowers B. seeds C. trees D. vegetables
22. A. life B. hope C. chance D. end
23. A. rich B. soft C. poor D. deep
24. A. left B. gone C. deserted D. planted
25. A. turned B. bent C. sank D. flew
26. A. take B. lose C. grow D. die
27. A. green B. brown C. tiny D. pretty
28. A. change B. cut C. use D. save
29. A. regretting B. asking C. wondering D. knowing
30. A. however B. therefore C. moreover D. otherwise
31. A. freely B. busily C. gently D. slowly
32. A. explored B. shouted C. decided D. wished
33. A. home B. purpose C. branch D. way
34. A. upset B. reminded C. ensured D. affected
35. A. night B. lesson C. word D. breath
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的儿子带回家四棵树，作者把它们种在后院，其中三棵死掉了，最后一棵濒临死亡，当作者决定砍倒最后一棵时，发现有鸟在树枝上筑巢，这让作者意识到，直到生命的最后一刻，我们都可以为社会做出贡献。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们是送给学生们种植的小树。A. flowers花；B. seeds种子；C. trees树；D. vegetables蔬菜。根据下文“Only the top ones of the tree were still _____.”中的“tree”可知，孩子拿回家种植的是树，由此可知，它们是送给学生们种植的小树。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们看起来都不太强壮，但出于对未来的希望，我把它们种在了后院。A. life生活；B. hope希望；C. chance机会；D. end结尾。根据句中“None of them looked very strong”可知，这些树看起来都不太强壮，由此可知，我认为它们很难存活，但出于对未来的希望，我把它们种在了后院。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年来，贫瘠的土壤使其中三棵树死掉了。A. rich富饶的；B. soft柔软的；C. poor贫瘠的；D. deep深的。根据句中“brought an end to three of them”可知，其中三棵树死掉了，由此可知，土壤很贫瘠，不适合树存活。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只剩下一棵常青树。A. left剩余，剩下；B. gone去，走；C. deserted抛弃；D. planted种植。根据句中“brought an end to three of them”可知，其中三棵树死掉了，由此可知，只剩下一棵常青树了。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它从来没有长得很高，还总是向一侧弯曲。A. turned转动；B. bent弯曲；C. sank下沉；D. flew飞。根据下文“The lower branches were becoming brown.”可知，较低的枝条开始变成棕色，由此可知，这棵树生长的并不好，树干向一侧弯曲。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我注意到它开始死亡。A. take取走；B. lose丢失；C. grow生长；D. die死亡。根据下文“The lower branches were becoming brown.”可知，较低的枝条开始变成棕色，由此可知，这棵树生长的并不好，开始死亡。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有树的顶端仍然是绿色的。A. green绿色的；B. brown棕色的；C. tiny极小的；D. pretty漂亮的。根据上文“The lower branches were becoming brown.”中的“brown”可知，较低的枝条开始变成棕色，由此可知，上下文形成对照，较低的枝条开始变成棕色，只有树的顶端仍然是绿色的。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尽了最大努力挽救它，给它施了很多肥料，但似乎没有希望了。A. change改变；B. cut切；C. use使用；D. save挽救。根据句中“by feeding it a lot of fertilizer”可知，我给这棵树施了很多肥料，由此可知，我尽了最大努力挽救它。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我出去又看了一遍，想知道把它砍到是否更好。A. regretting后悔；B. asking询问；C. wondering想知道；D. knowing知道。根据上文“The lower branches were becoming brown.”可知，这棵树快要死了，由此可知，我想知道是否应该把它砍到。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我走过去仔细看它时，我注意到有东西在树枝间移动。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. moreover此外；D. otherwise否则。根据句中“I noticed something moving among the branches”可知，我认为这棵树快要死了，应该是了无生气的，然而，我注意到有东西在树枝间移动，“however”意为“然而”，符合语境。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那是一只鸟，正忙着在最顶端的树枝上筑巢。A. freely自由地；B. busily忙碌地；C. gently温柔地；D. slowly缓慢地。根据句中“building a nest (巢) in the topmost branches”可知，鸟在最顶端的树枝上筑巢，由此可知，它应该是正忙着筑巢。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我笑了笑，决定也许这棵老树还剩下一些生命和用处。A. explored探索；B. shouted喊叫；C. decided决定；D. wished希望。根据上文“It was a bird _____ building a nest (巢) in the topmost branches.”可知，我看到一只鸟正忙着在树枝上筑巢，由此可知，这让我做出这棵老树还剩下一些用处的决定。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它可能不健康也不漂亮，但它仍然给了一只鸟一个家。A. home家；B. purpose目的；C. branch树枝；D. way方法。根据上文“It was a bird _____ building a nest (巢) in the topmost branches.”可知，一只鸟正忙着在树枝上筑巢，由此可知，这棵树给了一只鸟一个家。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这棵树提醒我，我们所有人的生活都有目的。A. upset使心烦意乱；B. reminded提醒；C. ensured保证；D. affected影响。根据句中“all of our lives have a purpose”可知，“我们所有人的生活都有目的”是这棵树提醒我意识到的一个道理。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到最后一次呼吸，我们还有很多事情要做：分享我们的爱，分享我们的快乐。我们可以帮助让这个世界变得更美好、更可爱。A. night夜晚；B. lesson教训；C. word单词；D. breath呼吸的空气。根据上文“It may not be healthy or pretty, but it was still giving a bird a ______.”可知，这棵树濒临死去，但它仍然给了一只鸟一个家，由此可知，句中指直到最后一次呼吸，我们都可以找到生命的价值，为世界做出贡献。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Preserving more habitats for China’s giant pandas is providing a giant payoff.____36____(save) the giant panda from dying out isn’t just good for the panda, but it’s also good for economy, a new analysis by an international team of scientists shows.
The results,____37____(publish) in the magazine Current Biology, stress the economic bene-fits that go hand in hand with environmental protection. Giant pandas are one of the____38____(rare) species around the world. But pandas fell on hard times in recent decades, thanks largely____39____human encroachment (侵入). In 1980 alone,many habitats____40____(destroy) artificially, and in 1990, their habitats covered only 12,340 square kilometers, ____41____is a major threat to the pandas in large part because bamboo, their main food source, is so low in nutrients that they must wander a lot of land in order to find and eat enough of it.
Because of this, Chinese officials began making significant efforts to save the panda from ____42____(extinct), establishing more reserves and increasing the reserve area three times. Panda numbers____43____(gradual) began to recover, hitting 1,596 in 2000 and 1,864 in 2010.
“____44____is clear that society’s investment (投资)_____45_____(start) to pay off so far in terms of panda population recovery,” the study authors wrote.
【答案】36. Saving
37. published
38. rarest 39. to
40. were destroyed
41. which 42. extinction
43. gradually
44. It 45. has started
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保护中国大熊猫栖息地以及它带来的好处。
【36题详解】
考查动名词。句意：一个国际科学家团队的一个新的分析显示，拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对大熊猫有好处，而且对经济也有好处。此处作主语，应填动名词Saving，表示“拯救”。故填Saving。
【37题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的研究结果强调了经济效益与环境保护齐头并进的重要性。此处应填过去分词published，作定语，表示“发表”，修饰先行词results，表示两者之间的被动关系。故填published。
【38题详解】
考查形容词的最高级。句意：大熊猫是世界上最稀有的物种之一。“one of+最高级”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，所以空处应填形容词最高级rarest，表示“最稀有的”。故填rarest。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：但大熊猫在最近几十年陷入了困境，这主要是由于人类的入侵。thanks to为固定搭配，表示“幸亏，由于”。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：仅在1980年，许多栖息地被人为破坏，到1990年，它们栖息地面积仅为12340平方公里，这在很大程度上对大熊猫构成了主要威胁，因为竹子是它们的主要食物来源，其营养成分非常低，它们必须四处游荡，才能找到并吃足够多的竹子。由“in 1980”可知，空处谓语动词应用一般过去时，根据句意可知，与主语之间为被动关系，且要与主语many habitats保持主谓一致，用复数。故填were destroyed。
【41题详解】
考查非限定性定语从句。句意：仅在1980年，许多栖息地被人为破坏，到1990年，它们的栖息地面积仅为12340平方公里，这在很大程度上对大熊猫构成了主要威胁，因为竹子是它们的主要食物来源，其营养成分非常低，它们必须四处游荡，才能找到并吃足够多的竹子。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，代替前面的句子，并在从句中充当主语，应填关系代词which。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：正因为如此，中国官员开始做出重大努力来拯救大熊猫免于灭绝，建立了更多的保护区，保护区面积增加了三倍。空处在介词from后，应填名词extinction作宾语，表示“灭绝”。故填extinction。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：大熊猫的数量逐渐恢复，2000年达到1596只，2010年达到1864只。分析句子可知，空处应用副词gradually，修饰动词began，作状语，表示“逐渐地”。故填gradually。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：很明显，就熊猫数量恢复而言，社会的投资到目前为止已经开始收到回报。此处为固定句型“it is clear that+...”，表示“很明显……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故填It。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：很明显，就熊猫数量恢复而言，社会的投资到目前为止已经开始收到回报。根据so far可知，空处谓语动词用现在完成时态，且与主语investment保持一致，助动词用has。故填has started。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你叫李华，你从报纸上得知世界上有多种大象面临灭绝的危险。你决定给世界野生生物基金会(WWF)写信反映这一情况，提出你的建议和希望。内容包括：
1.濒危原因：人类活动，如过渡捕猎、栖息地遭到破坏等;
2.提出建议;
3.表达希望。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.信的开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Sir or Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I have learned from a newspaper that several elephant species in the world are dying out for human activities. For example, they are overhunted because of their rare and expensive ivory. Another reason is that many habitats of elephants are being destroyed. They are losing their homes.
Thus, it is high time that we should take some measures to protect and save elephants. For one thing, more reserves for elephants should be set up so that they can live freely there. For another, laws should be passed to prevent people from killing elephants and those who hunt elephants should be punished severely when arrested.
Hope the above measures will be useful for the endangered elephants.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给世界野生生物基金会(WWF)写信反映多种大象面临灭绝的危险这一情况，并提出建议和希望。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因为：for → as a result of
稀有的：rare → scarce
因此：thus → therefore/as a result
防止：prevent from → stop from
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Another reason is that many habitats of elephants are being destroyed. They are losing their homes.
拓展句：Another reason is that many habitats of elephants are being destroyed, which means they are losing their homes.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Thus, it is high time that we should take some measures to protect and save elephants.(运用了it形式主语和虚拟语气)
【高分句型2】For another, laws should be passed to prevent people from killing elephants and those who hunt elephants should be punished severely when arrested.(运用了被动语态、并列句和定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sticking together was always important to my family — especially after my dad left us. I didn’t always talk to my mom about my feelings, because she was busy tending our farm. I talked to my sister, Alana, and I talked to Sister Belle — that’s what we called our cow. She was definitely part of my family, and we loved her very much.
Later on, as we needed to move, we had to sell our farm and all the animals, including Sister Belle. We wanted her to go to someone who would love her like we did, and we thought it was an answer to our hope when a man called. He told he could only pay 300 dollars, but that he had lots of pasture (牧场) and a large barn (畜棚). That afternoon, we went to his place. It looked really nice, and we were happy that we had found the right home for Sister Belle.
The next day we delivered Sister Belle to her new owner. I could feel tears stinging my eyes, but I convinced myself that Sister Belle would be better off in her new home.
A week later, while we were having our moving sale, a neighbor came up telling us she had seen our cow before the cow went to auction (拍卖会). My mom couldn’t believe it and asked who was sell ng the cow. When knowing who it was, I felt sick. We had trusted him, and just a week later he was selling Sister Belle away to make a profit!
We drove to his house. When he answered the door, mom told him what the neighbor had said and he shut the door right in our faces. Alana was crying, and my mom was begging him to sell Sister Belle back to us. But he wouldn’t open the door.
Back home, my mother started calling a lot of auctions and finally found one that had a record of our cow, and told us the cow would be auctioned off the next morning.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next day we arrived at the auction early.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Therefore, we decided to join in the auction.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The next day we arrived at the auction early. The auction was packed with people and their cows, but we immediately recognized Sister Bella. Sister Bella stayed with the present owner, who claimed to have many pastures and a large barn. We came to him again and begged him to return Sister Bella to us, for which we offered to pay him. But he refused and told us that if we wanted Sister Bella back, we would have to enter the auction because he would only sell Sister Bella to the highest bidder.
Therefore, we decided to join in the auction. Soon, the auction began, and buyers competed to bid for their favorite cows. Some were satisfied, while others were disappointed. Soon it was Sister Bella and her owner's turn. We were nervous that Sister Bella would be bought by someone else. The auction process was intense, but thankfully we ended up with Sister Bella for $350, which was all we could afford. We decided to stay with Sister Bella forever, never to be separated.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的家庭因为生活贫困，不得已将自己心爱的奶牛Bella卖给别人，但是新的主人却欺骗了他们，要将Bella拍卖。于是我们决定参加拍卖，并最终与Bella团聚的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“第二天，我们很早就到了拍卖会。”可知，第一段描述我们来到拍卖会想要要回Bella，但却失败了，因为Bella的新主人只会把Bella卖给出价最高的人。
②由第二段句首内容“因此，我们决定参加拍卖。”可知，作者一家决定参加拍卖会买回Bella，并最终满意而归。
2.续写线索：来到拍卖会——要回Bella失败——参加拍卖会——拍的Bella
3. 词汇激活
行为类：
①认出，看到：recognize/spot
②拒绝：refuse/decline/turn down
③参加：join in/take part in/participate in
情绪类：
①满意的：satisfies/pleased
②失望的，气馁的：disappointed/discouraged
③紧张的：nervous/strained
【点睛】【高分句型1】Sister Bella stayed with the present owner, who claimed to have many pastures and a large barn.（运用了who引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】The auction process was intense, but thankfully we ended up with Sister Bella for $350, which was all we could afford.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
