2024年中考英语一轮复习专题19 构词法 练习（含解析）

2024年中考英语一轮复习专题19 构词法（练习）
（模拟精练+真题演练）
用括号内所给单词适当形式填空
1．（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）It’s very kind of you to help me with my English with great . (patient)
2．（2022·黑龙江鹤岗·统考模拟预测）Although Han Li often gets good marks in the exam, she isn’t good at Chinese. It is (possible) for her to be a writer in the future.
3．（2022·江苏无锡·江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校校考三模）It’s hard for kangaroos to walk backwards because of the (usual) shape of their legs.
4．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）It is not surprising that dogs can express themselves and honestly. (clear)
5．（2022·山东临沂·统考一模）The teacher announced an result that everyone couldn’t believe.(expected)
6．（2022·上海杨浦·统考一模）One of reading e-books is maybe the lighting or small screen. (advantage)
7．（2022·上海浦东新·统考一模）To our , our school team won the basketball match again this time! (excited)
8．（2021·江苏泰州·高港实验学校校考二模）The girl has (common) ability. She always comes up with creative ideas.
9．（2021·江苏扬州·校考三模）Even though he is , you aren’t supposed to be so rude. (polite)
10．（2021·江苏盐城·校考一模）If you do something (mean), you will have a bunch of reasons to go through the day full of energy.
11．（2021·广西北海·校考二模）—You looked (happy) just now. What happened to you
—I missed the school bus and arrived late for class.
12．（2021·上海奉贤·统考二模）My sister has been since she entered the university. She has made all the important decisions by herself. (depend)
13．（2021·吉林长春·统考一模）About 9,000 African elephants (appear) in the 1990s. They’re in great danger.
14．（2021·山东临沂·校考一模）In our class, some of the classmates Peter only because he gets angry easily and they even don’t know why. (like)
15．（2021·内蒙古包头·统考一模）As he went into the room, all the people became silent, which made him very embarrassed and (comfortable).
16．（2020·江苏无锡·统考模拟预测）Don’t tell lies! No one is willing to make friends with people. (honest)
17．（2020·江苏南京·统考一模）The sudden (appear) of a security guard caused them to drop the money and run away.
18．（2020·江苏南京·校联考一模）It’s (wise) of parents to have fixed ideas on what their children should become in the future.
19．（2020·内蒙古包头·包头市第二十九中学校考三模）We’re always told to be about everything in our life. (truth)
20．（2020·广西南宁·统考一模）It seems (possible) to finish the work, but I want to have a try.
二、单项选择
21．（2022·甘肃天水·校联考模拟预测）Which of the following suffixes (后缀) is the opposite of“-ful”
A．-able B．-ness C．-ous D．-less
22．（2022·甘肃武威·统考二模）The following words all have the negative prefixes (否定前缀) EXCEPT ________.
A．indoor B．unhappy C．inexpensive D．impossible
23．（2022·甘肃庆阳·校考模拟预测）联合国的英文缩写是________。
A．NBA B．BBC C．UN D．HB
24．（2022·江苏盐城·统考二模）Which of the following words is formed like “unimportant”
A．incorrect B．afternoon C．scientist D．hopeful
25．（2021·江苏镇江·统考二模）Which of the following words is formed like “dishonest”
A．important B．international C．uncomfortable D．interviewer
26．（2023·江苏南京·校联考一模）Which word is formed in the same way as “weekend”
A．unable B．invention C．helpless D．noticeboard
27．（2022·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）Which of the following prefixes (前缀) means “doing again”
A．en- B．dis- C．un- D．re-
28．（2021·甘肃庆阳·统考二模）which of the following prefix (前缀) doesn’t mean “no”
A．un- B．re- C．im D．dis
29．（2021·江苏南京·统考二模）Which of the following words is created in the same way as “blackboard”
A．careless B．impolite C．happiness D．bookshop
30．（2021·江苏盐城·统考一模）Which word can NOT be added the prefix “in-” to give it the opposite meaning
A．complete B．direct C．correct D．proper
31．（2021·甘肃平凉·统考一模）Which of the following suffixes (后缀) means “negative (否定的)”
A．-ous B．-less C．-ful D．–able
32．（2021·甘肃庆阳·统考一模）Which of the following words can be added with the suffix (后缀) “-ness”
A．round B．laugh C．ill D．angry
33．（2020·江苏南京·统考一模）Which of the following words has the same word formation as the word “snowstorm”
A．helpless B．incorrect C．government D．blackboard
34．（2020·江苏镇江·统考一模）Which of the following words is formed like “impossible”
A．reporter B．blackboard C．dishonest D．harmless
35．（2020·江苏扬州·统考模拟预测）Which of the following suffixes is used to form an adjective
A．-less B．-ness C．-tion D．-ion
三、短文综合填空
（2023·福建福州·福建省福州铜盘中学校考模拟预测）
ChatGPT is a new kind of computer program that can talk to people. It was made by OpenAI, a group of people who want to use computers to help the world. ChatGPT is very smart b 36 it can read a lot of words on the internet and learn from them. It can write sentences about many things, like science, history, sports, and movies. But ChatGPT is not just a writer. It is also a listener and a 37 (speak). It can understand what people say and 38 /r ’plai/ to them.
ChatGPT can do many things that o 39 computer programs cannot. For example, it can answer more questions, say sorry when it is wrong, correct people when they are wrong, and say no when people ask for bad things. It can also make jokes, show 40 (feel), and have a personality to make the talk more fun and 41 (friend). ChatGPT can talk about many topics with people, but it does not know everything or 42 /’ lwe z / give the right answer. Sometimes it may write something that does not make sense, or say the same thing too many times. It may also change its answer if people ask the same question in 43 different way.
ChatGPT is still a new thing, and OpenAI is 44 (try) to make it better. They also want to know what people think about it and 45 they use it. They hope that ChatGPT can help people learn new things, have fun, and talk better with each other.
一、完型填空
（2023·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题）
Sean checked the e-mail as usual. Then he found a(n) 1 e-mail, “Do you still want to be a policeman ” Sean 2 the screen, deep in thought.
One day when Sean was only 5, his uncle Paul, a 3 , drove him home in his police car. Sean was interested in the car and the uniform. He decided to be a hero like Paul.
However, Sean followed his teacher’s advice and 4 became a reporter. He worked in a newspaper 5 he was 30 years old. Then he changed several jobs but nothing made him really happy. Actually he had never really 6 his childhood dream. His wife could not stand this and left him. Sean got into a(n) 7 situation. He had to move back to St Ignace, where his dad lived.
When his father encouraged him to search for a new job, the 8 came. Phoenix, 2,100 miles away from St Ignace, was in great need of policemen. Sean, nearly 40 years old, finally decided to catch it.
In order to pass the test to get the job, Sean began 9 every day, and finally passed it. “It took me 35 years. But a promise is a promise. How many people can say they achieve their life’s dreams ” Sean says. “I 10 it. It just proves (证明) that it’s never too late and it is worth all the efforts and energy.”
1．A．common B．unexpected C．uncomfortable
2．A．stared at B．fixed up C．called in
3．A．driver B．programmer C．police officer
4．A．nearly B．gradually C．finally
5．A．till B．after C．when
6．A．made up B．given up C．shown up
7．A．boring B．interesting C．embarrassing
8．A．chance B．courage C．power
9．A．fighting B．training C．competing
10．A．made B．missed C．arrived
二、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，每空一词。
（2019·内蒙古·统考中考真题）
11．There are many (different) between the twins. One is shy, but the other is outgoing.
12．To achieve our dreams, we must take every life choice (serious).
13．If more people give up (drive) cars, the air will get much cleaner.
14．Nothing is (possible) if you set your mind to it.
15．The poor (home) often did his homework in the street by the light of a restaurant.
答案与解析
用括号内所给单词适当形式填空
1．（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）It’s very kind of you to help me with my English with great . (patient)
【答案】patience
【详解】句意：非常感谢你耐心地帮助我学习英语。根据“with great ...”可知，空处应填名词；patient“耐心的”，形容词，名词形式为patience，不可数名词。故填patience。
2．（2022·黑龙江鹤岗·统考模拟预测）Although Han Li often gets good marks in the exam, she isn’t good at Chinese. It is (possible) for her to be a writer in the future.
【答案】impossible
【详解】句意：虽然李涵经常在考试中取得好成绩，但她不擅长语文。她将来不可能成为作家。根据空前的is可知，这里需要形容词作表语，由语境“isn’t good at Chinese”可知，这里表示“不可能”成为作家。故填impossible。
3．（2022·江苏无锡·江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校校考三模）It’s hard for kangaroos to walk backwards because of the (usual) shape of their legs.
【答案】unusual
【详解】句意：由于袋鼠不寻常的腿部形状，它们很难向后走。根据句意，袋鼠之所以很难向后走，是由于腿部形状不同寻常。空白处应填入形容词，修饰名词shape。括号内所给词usual意为“寻常的”，需要添加否定前缀un，变为unusual，意为“不寻常的”。故填unusual。
4．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）It is not surprising that dogs can express themselves and honestly. (clear)
【答案】clearly
【详解】句意：狗能清晰而诚实地表达自己，这并不奇怪。根据“and honestly”可知，空处应用副词修饰动词express，与honestly构成并列关系，clear的副词是clearly“清晰地”。故填clearly。
5．（2022·山东临沂·统考一模）The teacher announced an result that everyone couldn’t believe. (expected)
【答案】unexpected
【详解】句意：老师宣布了一个大家都不敢相信的意外结果。根据“ everyone couldn’t believe”可知老师宣布了一个令人意想不到的结果，结合空格前的不定冠词an，可知用unexpected“出乎意料的”，形容词作定语。故填unexpected。
6．（2022·上海杨浦·统考一模）One of reading e-books is maybe the lighting or small screen. (advantage)
【答案】(d)isadvantage
【详解】阅读电子书的不利因素之一也许是光线或小屏幕。结合语境“the lighting or small screen”是阅读电子书的不利因素，故填(d)isadvantage。
7．（2022·上海浦东新·统考一模）To our , our school team won the basketball match again this time! (excited)
【答案】excitement
【详解】句意：使我们兴奋的是，我们校队这次又赢得了篮球比赛。excited形容词；根据空前的“To our”可知，应该填的是excited的名词excitement“兴奋”，故填excitement。
8．（2021·江苏泰州·高港实验学校校考二模）The girl has (common) ability. She always comes up with creative ideas.
【答案】uncommon
【详解】句意：这个女孩有非凡的才能。她总是能想出有创意的主意。common一般的，形容词；根据“She always comes up with creative ideas.”可知，空处指的是不一般的才能，用common的反义词uncommon作定语。故填uncommon。
9．（2021·江苏扬州·校考三模）Even though he is , you aren’t supposed to be so rude. （polite）
【答案】impolite
【详解】句意：虽然他没有礼貌，但是你不应该这么粗鲁。空格处缺少形容词作表语，根据“you aren’t supposed to be so rude”可知，句子意思表示转折关系，指虽然他没有礼貌，但是你不应该这么粗鲁，故形容词polite“有礼貌的”要加前缀变成impolite“没有礼貌的”。故填impolite。
10．（2021·江苏盐城·校考一模）If you do something (mean), you will have a bunch of reasons to go through the day full of energy.
【答案】meaningful
【详解】句意：如果你做了一些有意义的事情，你就会有一大堆理由让你精力充沛地度过一天。根据“something”以及“不定代词+形容词”可知，此空需要mean的形容词修饰something，结合句意可知，meaningful符合语境。故填meaningful。
11．（2021·广西北海·校考二模）—You looked (happy) just now. What happened to you
—I missed the school bus and arrived late for class.
【答案】unhappy
【详解】句意：——你刚才看起来不高兴。你怎么了？——我没赶上校车，上课迟到了。根据答语“I missed the school bus and arrived late for class.”可知，我没赶上校车，上课迟到了。由此说明“我”很不高兴。happy高兴，形容词，不高兴，英语表达为：unhappy。故填unhappy。
12．（2021·上海奉贤·统考二模）My sister has been since she entered the university. She has made all the important decisions by herself. (depend)
【答案】independent
【详解】句意：我的姐妹自从进了大学就变得独立了。所有重要的决定都是她自己做的。been后应跟形容词作表语，根据“She has made all the important decisions by herself”可知，此处应指的是“独立的”，用depend对应的形容词dependent的反义词independent表示。故填independent。
13．（2021·吉林长春·统考一模）About 9,000 African elephants (appear) in the 1990s. They’re in great danger.
【答案】disappeared
【详解】句意：20世纪90年代，大约有9000头非洲大象消失了。它们处境非常危险。根据“They’re in great danger”可知，处于危险之中，说明有许多大象已经消失，数量越来越少，disappear“消失”，根据“in the 1990s”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填disappeared。
14．（2021·山东临沂·校考一模）In our class, some of the classmates Peter only because he gets angry easily and they even don’t know why. (like)
【答案】dislike
【详解】句意：在我们班，有些同学不喜欢彼得只是因为他很容易生气，而且他们甚至都不知道为什么。根据“he gets angry easily”可知他很容易生气，结合所给单词，可推测出是不喜欢，用like的反义词dislike。故填dislike。
15．（2021·内蒙古包头·统考一模）As he went into the room, all the people became silent, which made him very embarrassed and (comfortable).
【答案】uncomfortable
【详解】句意：当他走进房间时，所有的人都沉默了，这使他非常尴尬和不舒服。并列连词and前后的成分应是对等的，连词前为形容词，其后也应为形容词；又因为“embarrassed (尴尬的)”为消极词汇，所以“comfortable (舒服的)”应变成其反义词“uncomfortable (不舒服的)”。故填uncomfortable。
16．（2020·江苏无锡·统考模拟预测）Don’t tell lies! No one is willing to make friends with people. (honest)
【答案】dishonest
【详解】句意：不要撒谎！没有人愿意和不诚实的人交朋友。根据“No one is willing to make friends with ”可知是不愿和不诚实的人撒谎；honest“诚实的”要加否定前缀dis表示“不诚实的”。故填dishonest。
17．（2020·江苏南京·统考一模）The sudden (appear) of a security guard caused them to drop the money and run away.
【答案】appearance
【详解】句意：保安的突然出现使他们扔下钱逃跑了。句中“______(appear) of a security guard”为of所有格，故空格处应为所给单词的名词形式appearance“出现”，可数名词，此处用其单数形式。故填appearance。
18．（2020·江苏南京·校联考一模）It’s (wise) of parents to have fixed ideas on what their children should become in the future.
【答案】unwise
【详解】句意：父母对他们的孩子将来应该成为什么有固定的想法是不明智的。本句为“It’s+形容词+of sb to do sth”句式，故空格处应为形容词。分析句意可知，父母对孩子以后成为什么有固定的想法是不明智的，故此处应为形容词unwise“不明智的”。故填unwise。
19．（2020·内蒙古包头·包头市第二十九中学校考三模）We’re always told to be about everything in our life. (truth)
【答案】truthful
【详解】句意：我们总是被告知在生活中每件事都要诚实。
句子成分分析，空格处缺少形容词，故名词truth要转化为形容词truthful诚实的。故答案填truthful。
20．（2020·广西南宁·统考一模）It seems (possible) to finish the work, but I want to have a try.
【答案】impossible
【详解】句意：完成这项工作似乎不可能，但我想试一试。“seem+形容词”意为“好像……”，可知此处填形容词；下文“ but I want to have a try”根据but的句意转折可知，此处指不可能；要用possible的反义词impossible。故填impossible。
二、单项选择
21．（2022·甘肃天水·校联考模拟预测）Which of the following suffixes (后缀) is the opposite of“-ful”
A．-able B．-ness C．-ous D．-less
【答案】D
【详解】句意：以下哪个后缀是“-ful”的反义词？
考查构词法。-able能……的，会……的，可以……的；-ness……的性质；-ous拥有，具有或充满；-less没有，无。根据“-ful”可知，此后缀表示“充满”，故其反义词为“没有，无”。故选D。
22．（2022·甘肃武威·统考二模）The following words all have the negative prefixes (否定前缀) EXCEPT ________.
A．indoor B．unhappy C．inexpensive D．impossible
【答案】A
【详解】句意：除“indoor”外，以下单词都有否定前缀。
考查单词的构成。indoor室内的，形容词，没有否定前缀；unhappy不快乐的，在happy的基础上加否定前缀un；inexpensive廉价的，在expensive的基础上加否定前缀in；impossible不可能的，在possible的基础上加否定前缀im。因此没有否定前缀的单词是indoor。故选A。
23．（2022·甘肃庆阳·校考模拟预测）联合国的英文缩写是________。
A．NBA B．BBC C．UN D．HB
【答案】C
【详解】句意：联合国的英文缩写是UN。
考查常识。NBA美国职业篮球联赛；BBC英国广播公司；UN联合国；HB厚膛壁身管。联合国缩写是UN。故选C。
24．（2022·江苏盐城·统考二模）Which of the following words is formed like “unimportant”
A．incorrect B．afternoon C．scientist D．hopeful
【答案】A
【详解】句意：下面哪个单词的构成形式类似于“unimportant”？
考查构词法。incorrect不正确的，correct前加否定前缀in-；afternoon下午，是after和noon合成；scientist科学家，把science中的ce变成t，再加ist；hopeful充满希望的，hope后面加后缀-ful。单词“unimportant”是important前加否定前缀im-而来，与A选项的构成方法相同。故选A。
25．（2021·江苏镇江·统考二模）Which of the following words is formed like “dishonest”
A．important B．international C．uncomfortable D．interviewer
【答案】C
【详解】句意：以下哪个词的构词类似于“dishonest”？
考查构词法。important重要的；international国际的；uncomfortable不舒服的；interviewer采访者。dishonest中dis-是否定前缀，加在“honest诚实的”前面，dishonest意为“不诚实的”；结合选项，un-是个否定前缀，加在“comfortable舒服的”前面，uncomfortable不舒服的。dis-和un-都是否定前缀。故选C。
26．（2023·江苏南京·校联考一模）Which word is formed in the same way as “weekend”
A．unable B．invention C．helpless D．noticeboard
【答案】D
【详解】句意：哪一个单词的构成方式与“weekend”的构成方式相同？
考查构词法。unable不能，由able加否定前缀构成；invention发明，由invent加名词后缀构成；helpless无助的，由help加形容词后缀构成；noticeboard通知栏，由notice“通知”和board“板”构成。题中的weekend“周末”是由week“周”和end“结束”构成。由此可知weekend和noticeboard构词法相同，为合成词，其他均为派生词。故选D。
27．（2022·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）Which of the following prefixes(前缀) means “doing again”
A．en- B．dis- C．un- D．re-
【答案】D
【详解】句意：下列哪个前缀表示“再做一次”？
考查前缀。en-表示“放进”；dis-表示“表示不同意，反对或者分开，分离”；un-表示“不，无，未，非”；re-表示“再，重新”。故选D。
28．（2021·甘肃庆阳·统考二模）which of the following prefix (前缀) doesn’t mean “no”
A．un- B．re- C．im D．dis
【答案】B
【详解】句意：下面哪个前缀不是“不”的意思
考查前缀辨析，-un、-im、dis三者都有否定意义，例如unhappy“不开心的”；impolite“不礼貌的”；dislike“不喜欢”。-re是含有“再，又”的含义，例如review“复习”，故选B。
29．（2021·江苏南京·统考二模）Which of the following words is created in the same way as “blackboard”
A．careless B．impolite C．happiness D．bookshop
【答案】D
【详解】句意：下列哪个单词和“blackboard”的构词法相同？
考查构词法。careless粗心的，它是由care+后缀less构成的形容词；impolite无礼貌的，它是由前缀im (表示否定)+polite构成的形容词；happiness幸福，它是由happy (把y变 i)+后缀ness构成的名词；bookshop书 店，它是由book+shop构成的合成词；blackboard黑板，它是由black+board构成的合成词。因此“bookshop”与“blackboard”的构词法相同。故选D。
30．（2021·江苏盐城·统考一模）Which word can NOT be added the prefix “in-” to give it the opposite meaning
A．complete B．direct C．correct D．proper
【答案】D
【详解】句意：哪个词不能加前缀“in-”来赋予它相反的意思？
考查构词法。complete完整的；direct直接的；correct正确的；proper恰当的；根据构词法，词语如果是b；m；p开头，一般用im前缀；故选D。
31．（2021·甘肃平凉·统考一模）Which of the following suffixes (后缀) means “negative (否定的)”
A．-ous B．-less C．-ful D．–able
【答案】B
【详解】句意：哪一个后缀意味着“否定的”？
考查单词后缀。根据常识可知，less的后缀是有否定含义的后缀，故选B。
32．（2021·甘肃庆阳·统考一模）Which of the following words can be added with the suffix (后缀) “-ness”
A．round B．laugh C．ill D．angry
【答案】C
【详解】句意：下面哪一个单词可以加后缀“-ness”？
考查构词法。round形容词，圆的；laugh动词，笑；ill形容词，生病的；angry形容词，生气的。根据构词法可知选项中只有“ill”可以派生成名词“illness”。故选C。
33．（2020·江苏南京·统考一模）Which of the following words has the same word formation as the word “snowstorm”
A．helpless B．incorrect C．government D．blackboard
【答案】D
【详解】句意：以下哪个词与“暴风雪”一词具有相同的构词法？
考查构词法。helpless无助的；incorrect不正确的；government政府；blackboard黑板。ABC属于构词法中的派生法，通过加词根或词缀变成不同的词性。D属于black+board的合成词，与snowstorm一样。故选D。
34．（2020·江苏镇江·统考一模）Which of the following words is formed like “impossible”
A．reporter B．blackboard C．dishonest D．harmless
【答案】C
【详解】题意：下列哪一个单词的组成形式与单词“impossible”相同？
考查构词法。A. reporter记者，report加后缀-er；B. blackboard黑板，black和board合成；C. dishonest不诚实的，honest加前缀dis-；D. harmless无害的，harm加后缀-less。单词“impossible”为possible加前缀im-而来，与C选项的构成方法相同，故选C。
35．（2020·江苏扬州·统考模拟预测）Which of the following suffixes is used to form an adjective
A．-less B．-ness C．-tion D．-ion
【答案】A
【详解】句意：下列哪个后缀用来构成形容词？
考查单词的构词。-less是构成形容词的后缀；-ness是构成名词的后缀；-tion是构成名词的后缀；-ion是构成名词的后缀，故选A。
三、短文综合填空
（2023·福建福州·福建省福州铜盘中学校考模拟预测）
ChatGPT is a new kind of computer program that can talk to people. It was made by OpenAI, a group of people who want to use computers to help the world. ChatGPT is very smart b 36 it can read a lot of words on the internet and learn from them. It can write sentences about many things, like science, history, sports, and movies. But ChatGPT is not just a writer. It is also a listener and a 37 (speak). It can understand what people say and 38 /r ’plai/ to them.
ChatGPT can do many things that o 39 computer programs cannot. For example, it can answer more questions, say sorry when it is wrong, correct people when they are wrong, and say no when people ask for bad things. It can also make jokes, show 40 (feel), and have a personality to make the talk more fun and 41 (friend). ChatGPT can talk about many topics with people, but it does not know everything or 42 /’ lwe z / give the right answer. Sometimes it may write something that does not make sense, or say the same thing too many times. It may also change its answer if people ask the same question in 43 different way.
ChatGPT is still a new thing, and OpenAI is 44 (try) to make it better. They also want to know what people think about it and 45 they use it. They hope that ChatGPT can help people learn new things, have fun, and talk better with each other.
【答案】
36．(b)ecause 37．speaker 38．reply 39．(o)ther 40．feelings 41．friendly 42．always 43．a 44．trying 45．how
【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了一个新的计算机程序——ChatGPT。
36．句意：ChatGPT非常智能，因为它阅读互联网上的大量单词并从中学习。根据句意，后半句表明ChatGPT非常智能的原因。故填(b)ecause。
37．句意：它还是一个倾听者和演讲者。根据前文的“writer”和“listener”可知，空格处与它们并列，表明ChatGPT可以充当什么角色，结合提示词speak，此处应填speaker。故填speaker。
38．句意：它能理解人们说的话并回复他们。分析句子结构，此处应填动词，结合音标提示，应填reply表示“回复”。故填reply。
39．句意：ChatGPT能做很多其他计算机程序不能做的事情。由文章第一句可知，ChatGPT是一种计算机程序，因此这里是指与其他计算机程序相比，ChatGPT能做更多的事情。结合首字母提示，空格处应填other“其他的”。故填(o)ther。
40．句意：它能开玩笑、表达感情，还富有个性，能使谈话更有趣，更友好。show后接名词，结合句意，此处指的是表达“感情”，feeling意为“感情”，作可数名词，在这里应用复数形式表示各种感情。故填feelings。
41．句意：它能开玩笑、表达感情，还富有个性，能使谈话更有趣，更友好。这里用固定搭配“make sth.+形容词”表示“使某物……”，由and可知，空格处与fun为并列关系，应填形容词friendly“友好的”。故填friendly。
42．句意：ChatGPT能和人们谈论很多话题，但它并不是什么都知道，也不总是能回答正确。结合音标，对应单词是always“总是”。故填always。
43．句意：如果人们以不同的方式问同样的问题，它也可能会改变答案。根据句意，此处为固定短语in a(n) ... way，表示“用一种……的方式”。different以辅音音素开头，不定冠词要用a。故填a。
44．句意：CHatGPT仍是一个新事物，OpenAI正尝试着优化它。由is可知，此处应填try的现在分词形式，与is构成现在进行时的谓语结构。故填trying。
45．句意：他们也想知道人们对它有什么看法以及怎样使用它。分析句子结构，空格处引导宾语从句，结合“they use it”可知，这里表示人们怎样使用ChatGPT，应用how来引导从句。故填how。
一、完型填空
（2023·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题）
Sean checked the e-mail as usual. Then he found a(n) 1 e-mail, “Do you still want to be a policeman ” Sean 2 the screen, deep in thought.
One day when Sean was only 5, his uncle Paul, a 3 , drove him home in his police car. Sean was interested in the car and the uniform. He decided to be a hero like Paul.
However, Sean followed his teacher’s advice and 4 became a reporter. He worked in a newspaper 5 he was 30 years old. Then he changed several jobs but nothing made him really happy. Actually he had never really 6 his childhood dream. His wife could not stand this and left him. Sean got into a(n) 7 situation. He had to move back to St Ignace, where his dad lived.
When his father encouraged him to search for a new job, the 8 came. Phoenix, 2,100 miles away from St Ignace, was in great need of policemen. Sean, nearly 40 years old, finally decided to catch it.
In order to pass the test to get the job, Sean began 9 every day, and finally passed it. “It took me 35 years. But a promise is a promise. How many people can say they achieve their life’s dreams ” Sean says. “I 10 it. It just proves (证明) that it’s never too late and it is worth all the efforts and energy.”
1．A．common B．unexpected C．uncomfortable
2．A．stared at B．fixed up C．called in
3．A．driver B．programmer C．police officer
4．A．nearly B．gradually C．finally
5．A．till B．after C．when
6．A．made up B．given up C．shown up
7．A．boring B．interesting C．embarrassing
8．A．chance B．courage C．power
9．A．fighting B．training C．competing
10．A．made B．missed C．arrived
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．A
【导语】本文主要讲述的是肖恩从小梦想做警察，但是由于各种各样的原因他没能成为警察。但他终于成为了一名警察。告诉我们实现梦想永远都不会晚的道理。
1．句意：然后他发现了一封意想不到的电子邮件，“你还想当警察吗？”
common普通的；unexpected出乎意料的；uncomfortable不舒服的。根据“the screen, deep in thought.”以及邮件的内容“Do you still want to be a policeman ”可知，这封邮件出乎了肖恩的意料，故选B。
2．句意：肖恩盯着屏幕，陷入了沉思。
stared at盯着；fixed up修理；called in打电话来。根据“the screen, deep in thought.”可知，应该是盯着屏幕，故选A。
3．句意：肖恩只有5岁的一天，他的叔叔保罗，一个警察，用他的警车送他回家。
driver司机；programmer程序员；police officer警察。根据“drove him home in his police car”可知，是指警察，故选C。
4．句意：然而，肖恩听从了老师的建议，最终成为了一名记者。
nearly几乎；gradually逐渐；finally最终。根据“However, Sean followed his teacher’s advice and ... became a reporter. ”可知，肖恩听从了老师的建议，应该是最终成为了一名记者。故选C。
5．句意：他30岁时在一家报社工作。
till直到；after之后；when当……时候。根据“He worked in a newspaper ... he was 30 years old. ”可知，当肖恩30岁的时候，他在一家报社工作，故选C。
6．句意：实际上，他从来没有真正放弃过童年的梦想。
made up编造；given up放弃；shown up出现。根据“Actually he had never really ... his childhood dream. ”可知，肖恩未曾放弃过自己的童年梦想，故选B。
7．句意：肖恩陷入了尴尬的境地。
boring无聊的；interesting有趣的；embarrassing尴尬的。根据“His wife could not stand this and left him.”可知，他的妻子受不了了，离开了他，肖恩陷入了尴尬的境地。故选C。
8．句意：当他父亲鼓励他找一份新工作时，机会来了。
chance机会；courage勇气；power权力。根据“Phoenix, 2,100 miles away from St Ignace, was in great need of policemen”可知，距离圣伊格纳斯2100英里的凤凰城急需警察，这是肖恩的机会，故选A。
9．句意：为了通过考试得到这份工作，肖恩开始每天训练，最后通过了考试。
fighting争斗；training训练；competing竞争。根据“In order to pass the test to get the job”可知，肖恩为了通过考试，每天训练，故选B。
10．句意：我做到了。
made制作；missed错过；arrived到达。根据“It just proves (证明) that it’s never too late and it is worth all the efforts and energy”可知，肖恩完成了儿时的梦想，make it“成功”。故选A。
二、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，每空一词。
（2019·内蒙古·统考中考真题）
11．There are many (different) between the twins. One is shy, but the other is outgoing.
12．To achieve our dreams, we must take every life choice (serious).
13．If more people give up (drive) cars, the air will get much cleaner.
14．Nothing is (possible) if you set your mind to it.
15．The poor (home) often did his homework in the street by the light of a restaurant.
【答案】11．differences 12．seriously 13．driving 14．impossible 15．homeless
【解析】11．句意：这两个双胞胎之间有很多差异，一个是害羞的，另一个是外向的。
所给different是形容词，不能用many修饰，many修饰可数名词复数，填复数differences。
12．句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们必须认真地选择日常生活每件事。
所给的serious是形容词，这里修饰动词，要变为副词seriously。
13．句意：如果更多的人放弃驾驶汽车，空气将会变得更干净。
动词短语give up意为放弃，后跟动名词作宾语，故填driving，much修饰形容词比较级。
14．句意：世上无难事，只怕有心人。
代词nothing表示否定，意为没有什么。所给形容词possible意为可能的，根据句意可知填反义词impossible不可能的。
15．句意：这个可怜的无家可归学生经常在街上，靠着餐馆的灯光做作业。
所给单词home此处是名词，根据后面在街上写作业可知，他是无家可归的人，填homeless。
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