登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
★★☆☆☆
While driving home ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )after work, Jane Hodgson noticed a car pulled over at the side of the road and a crowd beginning to gather around someone who was lying on the ground.
Jane, who had co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mpleted a first aid at work course, pulled over to see if she could offer any help — and it turned out to be lucky for the young injured girl that she did.
Describing the scene ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) she came across, Jane says: “The onlookers were ashen-faced and looking lost. They were so shocked that they hadn’t even thought to call for an ambulance (救护车) yet.”
After speaking to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the emergency services, Jane started finding out what had happened and what injuries the young girl called Jenny had. The girl had been hit by a car and gone over the handlebars of her bike, landing on her head and shoulder. Her shoulder and arm were twisted (扭曲) underneath her.
“She hadn’t been we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aring a helmet (头盔) when she got knocked down, and I thought that she should not be moved as I couldn’t be sure about a spinal injury (脊椎损伤), but after looking her over and checking the circulation in her injured arm I did feel fairly confident that she had escaped relatively unhurt.
“As we were waiting f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or an ambulance, the amount of pain the girl was in was increasing. To distract her and minimize the risk of her going into shock I kept her talking. She held my hand tightly when the pain got too much and this helped. I told her I could handle it — we laughed about that,” describes Jane.
Later, a docto ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r from the local hospital’s ICU stopped at the scene too. The ICU doctor decided that Jenny should lie on her back, making her much more comfortable until the emergency services arrived.21世纪教育网版权所有
Thinking back ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), Jane says: “For me, knowing that in a small way I helped that girl through what was a frightening experience is all the reward I need. I felt great to know I’d made a difference and I’d do it again.”
21. We can learn from the text that Jane Hodgson _____.
A. is an ICU doctor
B. is a first aid trainer
C. works in a local hospital
D. has learned some first aid
22. After looking over the injured girl, Jane found _____.
A. Jenny had a spinal injury
B. Jenny didn’t have serious injuries
C. Jenny couldn’t remember what had happened
D. Jenny lost her helmet when she was knocked down
23. When waiting for an ambulance, _____.
A. Jenny refused to talk
B. Jenny went into shock
C. Jane was a little impatient
D. Jane kept giving Jenny confidence
24. Which of the following can best describe Jane Hodgson 2-1-c-n-j-y
A. Strict but caring.
B. Tough and generous.
C. Proud but determined.
D. Warm-hearted and helpful.
B
★★★☆☆
Why did many s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudents choose our online English lesson course It is a unique long distance learning program. Our course provides very talented online instructors who are experts in their fields. Students can enjoy very specific and well-designed courses which meet their demands. It ensures a perfect online course which meets the students’ abilities, through helping them to maximize (最大限度地发挥) their potential (潜能) and gain practical knowledge in a competitive job market. Students feel free to choose their own free time.
*IELTS and TOEFL courses
A) Speaking course
1) Correcting the students’ grammatical mistakes
2) How to create ideas for different topics
3) How to add expressions and idioms
4) How to avoid short pauses and carry on talking
5) How to avoid confusion and stress during a real exam
This course is based on practice through an online class.
B) Writing course
1) Teaching the students how to create new ideas for new topics
2) How to wri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te correctly and follow the right punctuation marks (标点符号)
3) How to arrange ideas systematically
4) How to start and end an essay
This course is based ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on practice and it is divided into 2 categories: online class and offline class.
* General English courses (speaking & writing)
1) How to make a sentence (beginners)
2) How to deal with different topics
3) How to give a speech
4) Using new idioms and expressions
5) Punctuation marks
6) How to write a paragraph
We have different leve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ls for students of different learning abilities.
*Interview course
This course has been m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ainly designed to teach students how to pass an interview successfully. We have models for different questions. 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
All courses are base ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d on practice. Learn by doing! Students will have 10 minutes’ free trial (试听) before booking classes. 21*cnjy*com
Contact: 187 ... 859
Note: When contacting me, you should use the English language.
25. What is special about the general courses
A. They benefit students at different levels.
B. They explain English history and culture.
C. They have online classes and offline classes.
D. They have models for different writing topics.
26. We can learn from the text that _____.
A. students can enjoy an hour’s free class
B. all courses require students to practice a lot
C. students must study the courses at fixed time
D. students can make contact in their own languageswww.21-cn-jy.com
27. The author writes this text mainly to _____.
A. share unique teaching methods
B. encourage students to learn English well
C. introduce an online English lesson course
D. help students maximize their study potential
C
★★★★☆
Some people say ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) summer is the time when teachers should get more pay. But not everyone is grateful to teachers for keeping kids occupied (无空闲的) between August and June: Washington state representative Liz Pike has written a Facebook post, titled “A life in the day of a WA state representative,” and responded to teachers’ complaints of rising costs of living. The post has received criticism for being anti-teacher. After reading her post, I feel that Liz Pike should rethink her criticism of public school teaching and avoid comparing it to the private school.
Many of us teac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hers would certainly like teaching to be more like the private school. We see nothing wrong with fair pay for fair performance. In fact, performance is the name of the game. With standardized testing popular throughout K-12 education, teachers are some of the most analyzed and performance-measured employees in the United States. Liz Pike is very angry that teachers want raises even while test scores are dropping. Well, how are we supposed to have discipline in the classroom when our hands are tied and we can hardly do anything with naughty students or fail students who are not prepared to move on to the next grade
Teachers would love t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o be able to turn education around and improve student performance. But we can’t, and we should not suffer for it. Unlike private school businesses, public schools cannot turn away “customers”. A private school business serves customers who walk through the door of their own free will, while public schools have to educate students who only attend because courts say they must.
She says tho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se who are “uninspired” by a lack of a cost of living increase should give up teaching. Is this the message that she thinks should be sent to the students whose academic performance she claims to care so much about That “if you love it you’ll shut up and not stand up for yourself” I think teachers should stand up for themselves and I also think supporting teachers can make teachers teach children how to stand up for themselves.【出处：21教育名师】
28. What is Liz Pike’s opinion
A. Teachers should be treated equally.
B. Teachers shouldn’t ask for a pay rise.
C. Teachers should accept public criticism.
D. Teachers shouldn’t give students much homework.www-2-1-cnjy-com
29. What problem d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o teachers in public schools face in the author’s opinion
A. Their performance is not measured.
B. Many schools are becoming private.
C. They can’t master the correct teaching method.
D. They are under the control of a system of rules.
30. The underlined w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ord “customers” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to _____.
A. students
B. teachers
C. clever businessmen
D. private schools
31. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _____.
A. some teachers are not excellent enough
B. supporting teachers is helpful to students
C. teachers shouldn’t complain about their living costs
D. Liz Pike doesn’t care about students’ academic performance
D
★★★☆☆
Wolves use m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )any different types of communication. One way they communicate is through sound. The howl (嗥叫) is a well-known method wolves use to communicate with each other. While howling, wolves often change their voices a lot. As a result, people are sometimes “fooled” into believing that there are more wolves than there really are. People have often guessed, after listening to howls, that a pack (群) of wolves contained up to 20 individuals, when there were only 3 or 4. Some people have thought that wolves do that on purpose, in order to fool neighboring packs into believing that there are more animals present than there really are. However, many naturalists and wolf biologists do not accept that idea.
Wolves seem t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o howl for many reasons. They often howl before they go on a hunt, possibly to get the pack together, and they often begin to howl after a successful hunt. That suggests that howling serves to bring a pack together, since wolves often become separated from each other during a hunt. They do not, however, howl while they are hunting. In addition, a wolf may howl alone if it is having trouble locating its pack. Surprisingly, pack members seem to recognize each other’s voices, since individual wolves often have their own way of howling. Wolves will also howl in sadness after the death of their mates.21·cn·jy·com
Wolf packs m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay also howl to communicate with other packs, as two different wolf packs will sometimes answer each other’s howls. Wolves will also often answer the calls of humans who are pretending to howl like wolves. Wolves howl less often during May and June than they do during the rest of the year. This may be because that is the time that packs are most likely to have young pups (幼崽) present. It is possible that wolf packs who have young pups present often keep silent so they do not attract attention to their location, since pups can be easily hurt by predators (捕食性动物) like bears.
32. People argued about _____.
A. how wolves howl
B. why wolves howl
C. when wolves howl
D. where wolves howl
33. Wolves howl in order to _____.
A. fool people
B. fool neighboring packs
C. convey different messages
D. make the pack sound stronger
34. Wolves don’t howl often in early summer because _____.
A. they don’t howl when it’s hot
B. they have to save their energy
C. they don’t have enough food to eat
D. they need to protect the young ones
35. We can learn from the text that _____.
A. wolves don’t answer humans’ calls
B. a wolf pack consists of about 20 wolves
C. wolves always stay together when hunting
D. different wolves have different ways of howling
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to write a curriculum vitae
A curriculum vitae ( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) CV ) (简历) is a concise (简明的) document which summarizes your past professional skills and experiences. The purpose of this document is to prove that you have the necessary skills to do the job for which you are applying. 36
Know what informatio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n a CV generally contains. Most CVs include your personal information, your education, your work experience, your interests and achievements, your skills and references. 37
Check the compa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ny’s website for extra information about the CV. See if there is any specific information they want you to list in your CV. 38 Always double check this.
Make a list of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )jobs you have held. These can be both the jobs you are holding presently and the jobs you have held in the past. Include the dates that you began and ended your term at each particular job.
Brainstorm your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hobbies and interests. 39 Try to list the hobbies that describe you as a team-oriented individual rather than as a passive person. Companies want someone who works well with others and can take charge if need be.
40 These sk ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ills often include computing skills, languages you speak, or specific things the company is looking for, such as targeted skills.
A. Make a list of your relevant skills.
B. Consider the job you are applying for.
C. Follow these steps to create a great CV!
D. Unique interests or hobbies will make you stand out.
E. These are all things to keep in mind when you write your CV.
F. There might be specific directions listed on the application page.
G. However, there is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) no set rule for a CV, and what you include is up to you.
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
★★★☆☆
I hadn’t even wante ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d the dog in the first place! My husband insisted I get him to 41 the dog that had died recently.
Soon, he was “my d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )og”, a friend and 42 companion, not asking for any more than I was willing to give — a daily meal and a warm bed. But not my 43 ! No dogs are allowed on my bed.
The night after my h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )usband died, I lay there, staring into the darkness, my eyes full of 44 . The bed seemed so 45 all by myself and I was wondering how long it takes for a good case of loneliness to 46 . It was cold and moving slowly into my open hand outside the 47 . It has prickly (刺痒的) hairs and just before I 48 , a familiar call came from the creature that was forcing its cold, wet nose into my trembling (颤抖的) hand.【版权所有：21教育】
“Oh, Shawn! Wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t are you doing on my bed ” I put my arms around his hairy neck and 49 him.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
In the months to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )follow, I came to realize that this dog I hadn’t 50 was a gift of love. He was a warm companion always 51 and available to go for a 52 when I needed to get out of the house. Twice, he snapped (咬) at me 53 I cried loudly and out of control, as if to tell me to be 54 .2·1·c·n·j·y
Shawn taught me a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll about love, 55 and forgiveness. That crazy dog 56 me just as I am. And I’ve learned to help those around me who are 57 and to approach them 58 , loving them just as they are. Like a dog curling up by the warm fire, I just want to be there in case I’m 59 . I thank life for providing me with a(n) 60 when I felt alone, and for the comfort of a cold, wet nose.
41. A. bury B. replace C. remember D. sell
42. A. proud B. weak C. brave D. faithful
43. A. bed B. room C. yard D. hall
44. A. fire B. confidence C. tears D. stars
45. A. tidy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. comfortable C. solid D. big
46. A. suffer B. heal C. feel D. experience
47. A. covers B. window C. car D. door
48. A. allow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed B. slept C. screamed D. calmed
49. A. hugged B. kicked C. beat D. blamed
50. A. raised B. noticed C. fed D. wanted
51. A. upset B. willing C. cautious D. lazy
52. A. meal B. picnic C. walk D. trip
53. A. as B. unless C. though D. until
54. A. sensitive B. creative C. shy D. strong
55. A. time B. acceptance C. distance D. condition
56. A. worries ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. annoys C. loves D. follows
57. A. hurting B. working C. playing D. thinking
58. A. immediately ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. madly C. gently D. suddenly
59. A. attacked B. scared C. challenged D. needed
60. A. oppor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tunity B. friend C. job D. neighbor
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tony Avella, one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the leading legislators (立法委员) for animal protection in New York State, is being interviewed. 21教育网
Interviewer: How did you become interested in animal protection
Avella: I had nev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er thought of getting involved 61. ________ it until I discovered that animals were treated badly. And the more I got involved, the more I realized that this is an area 62. ________ animals need our help. 21教育名师原创作品
Interviewer: We ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have talked about a lot of problems, such as pets in housing, wildlife killing contests, etc. Which bills have the 63. ________ (good) chance of being passed
Avella: I think they each have 64. ________ equal chance.
Interviewer: What ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are the difficulties in 65. ________ (pass) animal protection legislation
Avella: In fact, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) it gets hard only when you start talking about specific issues. So I think there’s a good 66. ________ (possible) of general animal cruelty laws being passed.
Interviewer: You’ve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )also won awards 67. ________ championing human rights. Do you think this shows that there’s no conflict (冲突) between human rights and animal rights
Avella: Yes, we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )all live on the same planet and we all need to be treated fairly, whether human 68. ________ animals.
Interviewer: Do you have any pets
Avella: No. I’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d love to have a dog, but both my wife and I 69. ________ (be) busy, so I don’t think we could care 70. ________ (proper) for an animal.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It’s very import ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ant to deal with the problem of rubbish in cities. Rubbish must be treated proper. Otherwise it may cause a lot of problem. It may pollute the air and water. When people breathed the harmful air and drink the polluting water, they may get ill. 21·世纪*教育网
Our city has begu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n to pay attention to the problem. Some rubbish is sorted and send to different factories, but some harmful rubbish is sent to a certain place and buried. Waste gas is cleaned after it goes into the air. Waste water is being treated before it is poured into the river. The government has passed laws to keep people throwing rubbish everywhere. We should do their best to take good care of the environment.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李华，英语老师要求你下节课上介绍中国的一种珍稀鸟类。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文介绍朱鹮（Crested Ibis）。
1. 朱鹮通体白色，头翼有红色，有“东方宝石”之称；
2. 朱鹮的主要栖息地为中国秦岭的树林和溪水边，以小鱼、昆虫等为食；
3. 朱鹮曾几乎绝迹，但经过多年的保护，数量正在增加，而且曾被作为友谊的象征送给日本、韩国等。
注意：1. 词数120左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
参考答案
21-25 DBDDA 26-30 BCBDA
31-35 BBCDD 36-40 CGFDA
41-45 BDACD 46-50 BACAD
51-55 BCADB 56-60 CACDB
61. in 62. where
63. best 64. an
65. passing 66. possibility
67. for 68. or
69. are 70. properly
短文改错：
71. ... must be treated proper. proper → properly21cnjy.com
72. ... a lot of problem. problem → problems 21*cnjy*com
73. When people breathed ... breathed → breathe
74. ... drink the polluting water ... polluting → polluted
75. ... is sorted and send ... send → sent
76. ... but some harmful ... but → and
77. Waste gas is cleaned after ... after → before
78. Waste water is being ... 去掉being
79. ... to keep people throwing ... throwing前加from
80. We should do their best ... their → our
One possible version:
The Crested Ibis, a ra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re and valuable bird, is called the “Oriental Diamond”. Its body is white with part of its head and wings red. Mainly feeding on small fish and insects, this kind of lovely bird lives in the woods or by the streams in Qinling Mountains of China.
Because of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) destruction of its habitat, the Crested Ibis has almost died out several years ago. To save this endangered species, the Chinese government has taken many measures. Now its population is on the increase. As a symbol of friendship, Crested Ibises were sent to Japan, South Korea and other foreign countries.
Hope you’ll see this lucky bird with your own eyes one day.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 18 页 （共 18 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
pretend
【归纳】pretend是动词，意为“假装”，其后可接动词不定式、that从句（that可省略）及名词，也可单独使用。如：21教育网
1. Alice closed her eyes and pretended to be asleep.www.21-cn-jy.com
2. Tom pretended ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to be reading an important paper when the boss entered.
3. He pretended to hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e read the book when the teacher asked him about it.
4. We can’t go on pretending (that) everything is OK.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
5. My brother pretended a headache so he wouldn’t have to go.21·世纪*教育网
6. I. m tired of having to pretend all the time.
【即学即练】翻译下列句子。
1. 我们假装什么事也没有发生。
__________________________________________
2. 老师进来的时候，简假装在做作业。
___________________________________________
3. 我知道她假装对我所说的感兴趣。
____________________________________________
mean
【语境展示】阅读下列句子，并试着归纳mean的意思及用法。
1. The words are spelt differently, and mean quite different things.
2. He really cou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld not do that, because it would mean the end of his career.
3. Your friendship means a great deal to me.
4. I don. t believe he means harm.
5. I. m sorry. I didn’t mean to be rude to you.
【自我归纳】mean是动词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，意为：①意思是（句1）；② ________（句2）；③有价值，有意义，常与much, little, a great deal等连用（句3）；④有……意图，打算，后常接名词或不定式（句4、句5）。21·cn·jy·com
【拓展】
★meaning意为“意思，意义”。如：
I can’t grasp the meaning of what he said.
★meaningful意为“有意义的，意味深长的”。如：
She gave me a meaningful look.
★meaningless意为“没有意义的”。如：
To me that painting is completely meaningless.
【即学即练】用mean的正确形式填空。
1. I have been tired of the life filled up with ________ tasks.2·1·c·n·j·y
2. Without more data ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we cannot make a(n) ________ comparison of the two systems.
3. Her promotion ________ a raise in salary.
4. I. m sure there’s no hidden ________ in what he says.21cnjy.com
答案
pretend
【即学即练】
1. We pretended (that) nothing had happened.
2. When the teacher came in, Jane pretended to be doing her homework.
3. I knew she pretended an interest in what I said.21世纪教育网版权所有
mean
【自我归纳】意味着
【即学即练】
1. meaningless 2. meaningful
3. means 4. meaning
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如何介绍节日
【写作任务】
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Michael想了解中国的传统节日，请你根据以下提示写一封电子邮件，给他介绍一下中秋节。21教育网
1. 庆祝时间：农历八月十五；
2. 习俗：全家团聚、庆丰收、赏月、吃月饼等；
注意：1. 词数100左右（开头已写好，但不计入总词数）；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Michael,
Very glad to know y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou’d like to learn about Chinese traditional festival. I am writing to tell you something about the Mid-Autumn Festival.21世纪教育网版权所有
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作指导】
●审题定调
本写作要求用英语介绍中国传统节日——中秋节，体裁属于说明文。介绍节日时人称采用第三人称，时态以一般现在时为主。21cnjy.com
●布局谋篇
全文可分为两部分：
第一部分：介绍中秋节的庆祝时间、历史、氛围等；
第二部分：介绍中秋节的庆祝活动。
●常用表达
词汇：
节日活动：have a par ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ty, sing and dance to music, play music, make a celebration, hold a parade, eat special food, take part in a traditional ceremony, dress up, wear special clothes, give or receive gifts ...21·cn·jy·com
节日气氛：exciting, r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elaxing, noisy, colourful, have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself, go wild about something ...www.21-cn-jy.com
句式：
..., with a hist ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ory of ..., is one of the most important traditional festivals in ...
... is celebrated on ...
... is having a good time, singing and dancing.
... is exciting and noisy.
... was / were filled with ...
【参考范文】
Dear Michael,
Very glad to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) know you. d like to learn about Chinese traditional festival. I am writing to tell you something about the Mid-Autumn Festival. 2·1·c·n·j·y
The Mid-Autumn Festi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )val, with a history of more than 1,000 years, is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar year. The Mid-Autumn Festival began as a harvest festival since fruits, vegetables and grain have been harvested by this time. The traditional food for the Mid-Autumn Festival is the moon cake which is round and symbolizes reunion.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
On Mid-Autumn day, wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erever they are, all the family members will go home to have dinner together. In the evening, they appreciate the moon while eating delicious moon cakes. So all people spend that day in an atmosphere of happiness.
Yours,
Li Hua
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 3 页 （共 3 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
韩国节日
通常在阳历1月底或2月初到来的被韩 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )国人称作新年的农历正月初一,是传统上最盛大的节目。全家人聚集一堂,穿最好的衣服, 举行祭祖仪式。祭祀后,享用丰盛的家宴,家庭中的晚辈向长辈拜年。尽管人们都继续庆祝农历新年,但阳历的元旦也有两天的法定假期。21世纪教育网版权所有21教育网21世纪教育网版权所有
其他的重要节日包括：元宵节,即阴历每年的第一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )个满月,此时农民和渔夫们祈求丰收并进行特殊的游戏；端午节, 阴历五初五,农民们休息一天共同娱乐；中秋节,阴历八月十五,是一个丰收和感恩的节目,还有浴佛节,农历四月 初八,信徒们在寺庙中举行特别仪式并举行灯会。21cnjy.com21·cn·jy·com21教育网
有几个家庭节日对所有韩国人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )来说都很重要,而且总是要设宴庆祝。它们是：百日,就是婴儿出生后的第100天；周 岁,第一个生日；花甲,60岁生日，这一天被认为特别重要,因为在这一天一个人已经度过了一个年甲子的岁月；此外,还有古稀,即70岁生日。www.21-cn-jy.comwww.21-cn-jy.com21cnjy.com21世纪教育网版权所有
除农历中的传统节日外,韩国人还过以下的国定节日：
1月1日：元旦——新年的头两天,举世同庆的日子。
阴历正月初一：民俗日——这一天,也称为阴历新年,以祭祖的家庭典礼、特别的事物、传统游戏来庆祝。
3月1日：独立运动纪念日-1919年3月1日反抗日本统治的独立运动周年纪念日。
4月5日：植树节-这一天,政府 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )官员、教师、学生以及成千上万全国各地的韩国人按照政府的植树造林计划栽种树木。21·cn·jy·com21世纪教育网版权所有
5月5日：儿童节-“这一天为儿童举行各种庆祝活动,让他们与父母一起尽情游乐。
阴历四月初八：浴佛节——在佛寺中举行庄严的仪式,这天的庆祝活动在提灯游行中达到高潮。
6月6日：显忠日—全国在这天向阵亡将士献祭,在汉城的国立墓地举行纪念仪式。
7月17日：制宪节-这一天纪念1948年通过大韩民国宪法。
8月15日：光复节-19 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )45年的这一天,韩国从日本35年的殖民统治中解放出来。这一天还标志着1948年大韩民国政府的建立。21教育网21cnjy.com
阴历八月十五：秋夕(或称中秋节)——这是一年中重要的全国性节日之一。这一天要摆设宴席,各家要在家庭墓地举行纪念仪式,晚上要共赏圆月。
10月3日：日开天节-这一天是传说中檀君于公元前2333年建立韩国的日子。
12月25日：圣诞节-像在西方一样,基督徒和其他国民都庆贺这个神圣的日子。
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俄罗斯节日
俄罗斯的传统节日主要包括新年和四季节 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )日（送冬节、桦树节、丰收节和迎冬节）。除此以外，由于东正教长期作为俄罗斯的国教，影响深远，不少宗教节日已经成为俄罗斯人传统生活不可缺少的部分。
新年（元旦）：俄罗斯的新年曾经定在每年初春时分的3月1日，届时举行隆重的祭祀太阳的仪式。15世纪末又受拜占庭的影响把节期改到9月1日。直到1699年，彼得大帝才依照西欧各国的传统习惯，把每年的1月1日定为新年。 1669年除夕午夜，彼得大帝在红场上点燃了第一枚礼花，并命令莫斯科居民用松、柏、枞等常青树装房屋，以示吉祥。于是后来枞树成为圣诞节和新年的主要标志。由于节期相近，东正教把新年和圣诞节连在一起庆祝。新年的庆祝活动中少不了严寒老人（圣诞老人）和雪姑娘，他们向人们赠送礼物，祝贺新年。 1930年，苏联政府将新年正式定为全国性节日。新年时，各个公共场所都披上了节日的盛装，在城市的大广场上耸立着高大、漂亮的新年枞树，家家户户的客厅里也摆着挂着各种小礼物的枞树，塔形的枞树象征生命常青。在新旧交替的午夜12点钟，克里姆林宫巴斯克塔上的大自鸣钟传出洪亮的钟声，收音机和电视将钟声传遍全国。举国欢庆，人们打开香槟，互相祝贺新年。 公历1月14日是俄历元旦，俄罗斯人照例又要庆祝一番，尤其在农村。
送冬节（谢肉节）：新年后第二个最热闹的节日是送冬节。送冬节是四季节日之一，节期约在2月末、3月初，为时一周。 送冬节的前身是古斯拉夫人的春耕节。人们认为冬去春来是春神雅利洛战胜严寒和黑夜的结果，因此每年2月底3月初都要举行隆重的送冬迎春仪式。人们用烤成金黄色圆形小薄饼祭祀太阳，晚上则燃起篝火，烧掉用稻草扎成的寒冬女王像。人们以此欢庆经过漫长的严冬，明亮的太阳又开始为大地送来温暖。 节日期间吃黑麦烤制的犁形、耙形大面包。第一天播种时，人们带着面包、盐和鸡蛋下地，当牛马犁出三条垄沟时，人们吃掉一部分面包和盐，其余的喂牛马。又把鸡蛋埋入土中，表示祭祀大地，祈求保佑。
东正教传入俄罗斯后，无力取消这一异教的民间节日，只好把春耕节改称谢肉节，节期安排在春季大斋前一周。教会把这一周称为无肉周或干酪周，因为在这一周里人们仍然可以吃荤食或乳制品，这一周过后，进入大斋期，人们将不得吃肉食和乳制品，故称谢肉节，意为大斋之前向肉食告别。谢肉节持续7天，每天各有其名，庆祝方式不尽相同。星期一为迎春节。家家户户煎制圆薄饼，作为节日的必备食品，吃时佐以鱼子、酸牛奶等。星期二为始欢节。人们邀请亲朋好友家的未婚姑娘和小伙子们一起娱乐，为他们牵线搭桥，提供挑选意中人的机会。星期三为宴请日。岳母宴请女婿。星期四为狂欢日。庆祝活动达到高潮。人们在大街上举行各种狂欢活动，开怀吃喝，尽情欢乐。星期五为新姑爷上门日。新女婿宴请岳母及其家人吃薄饼。星期六为欢送日。人们载歌载舞把象征寒冬女神的草人用雪橇送往村外烧毁,在这一天新媳妇要拜访丈夫的姐妹。星期日为宽恕日。人们走亲访友，拜访邻里，请求他人原谅自己的过错。60年代末，苏联政府将这个节日改为送冬节，又叫俄罗斯之冬狂欢节。节日的古老习俗和宗教意义都淡化了。但这个节日仍然是俄罗斯人的重要节日，象征太阳的圆薄饼依然是节日的必备食品，节日期间跳的圆圈舞依然是俄罗斯最主要的民间舞蹈形式。节日里，各地还举行化装游行，彩车上载着人们装扮的寒冬女神、俄罗斯三勇士等神话中的人物，人们载歌载舞送别寒冷的冬天，迎接温暖的春天。桦 树 节：四季节日的第二个节日是桦树节，节期在俄历每年6月24日。桦树节源自古代的夏至节。夏至节本在6月22日，这一天太阳在空中达到最高点，此节日带有太阳崇拜的色彩。在农村，此时夏季来临不久，农民辛劳一春，稍得清闲，因此要欢庆一番。 民间的庆祝活动体现了水火崇拜。人们身着节日盛装，头戴花环，围着篝火唱歌跳舞。有人从篝火上跳过，或烧掉旧衣服，以消灾辟邪，强身祛病。人们还把桦树枝与祭品一起投入湖中，祈求神灵保佑丰收。少女们将点燃的蜡烛放在花冠上，放进河水中，谁的蜡烛燃得最久，谁就被认为是将来最幸福的人，她们还按照花环漂动的方向占卜自己的婚事。古代，俄罗斯过夏至节时还要到森林中寻找两株距离很近的小白桦树作祭祀用。有的地方则用花环、彩带装饰一株小白桦的风俗。 后来东正教把夏至节与圣三主日结合在一起，将时间改在6月24日，因为东正教在这一天纪念施礼约翰诞辰。节日期间教堂用桦树枝装饰起来，教徒们也手持桦树枝来做礼拜。民间还把这一天看作是悼亡节，都要去上坟。
夏至期间正是草木繁盛、气候宜人的季节,人们都在户外举行欢庆活动，特别是青年人，因此到了苏维埃时期夏至节变成了苏联青年节。这一天欢庆又离不开桦树，于是从1964年起又被称作桦树节，或者"俄罗斯小白桦节"。白桦树成为俄罗斯民族的象征是有其历史渊源的。11-15世纪许多古罗斯文献就是刻写在桦树皮上的。不少俄罗斯作家都怀着深厚的感情描写过白桦树，在俄罗斯人看来，桦树是那么秀美，挺拔。桦树节的时候，家家户户都用桦树枝、矢车菊、铃铛装饰房间。节日里还要举行联欢会，女主持人被称作"小白桦"，还有化装游行，游行队伍簇拥着桦树，真是处处有白桦树。丰 收 节：丰收节是"四季节日"中的第三个节日，在前苏联被称作农业工作者日。农民对这个节日非常重视，特意在田里留下一束小麦，在它面前摆上面包、奶酪和盐，拜祭大地，感谢其赐予的恩惠。 迎 冬 节：迎冬节是"四季节日"中的最后一个。具体日期根据各地冬天来临的时间而定。节日的中心人物是"冬妈妈"，人们以面包和盐向她表示敬意。
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Easter Day
Easter celebr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ates the resurrection of Jesus Christ. It is the most important feast in the Christian calendar. The churches are filled with worshipers, the altars are decorated with flowers, and the music proclaims the joy of the season. 21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有
Easter Sunday fal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ls sometime between March 22 and April 25. It falls on the first Sunday after the first full moon following March 21. The date of Easter Sunday was established by the church council of Nicaea in A.D. 325. 21cnjy.com21教育网
Easter Sunday ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ends a period of preparation for the feast of Easter. This 40-day period of prayer and fasting, called Lent, begins on Ash Wednesday and ends on Holy Saturday, the day before Easter. The week from Palm Sunday to Easter Sunday is known as Holy Week. Good Friday marks Christ's crucifixion; and Easter Sunday, his resurrection.
The custom of a sun ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )rise service on Easter Sunday can be traced to ancient spring festivals that celebrated the rising sun. The custom developed further in the Middle Ages, when celebrations at sunrise were also popular. People gathered to pray as the sun appeared and then went in procession to their churches.21教育网21cnjy.com21世纪教育网版权所有
The new clothes worn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )on Easter Sunday are a symbol of new life. The custom comes from the baptism on Easter Sunday of early Christians who were led into church wearing new robes of white linen. The present-day Easter parade has a parallel in the Middle Ages, when people walked about the country-side on Easter, stopping along the way to pray. Nowadays many people walk in Easter parades to show and see new spring clothes, especially hats.
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Do you know these things
Vegetables
beans
cabbages
potatoes
onion
peas
garlic
beef
mutton
chicken
sausage
pork
Meat
Carnival in Rio
Mardi Gras
Oktoberfest
Notting Hill
Listen and match the names of the festivals with the photos.
Complete the table.
Name
Where
When
How long
Origin
Food
Cameron
Notting Hill, London
last weekend in August
weekend
1960s
chicken, rice and peas
Name
Where
When
How long
Origin
Food
Maria
Rio, Brazil
February
5 days
1850
Feijoada (pork, beans and garlic)
Name
Where
When
How long
Origin
Food
Stefan
Germany
Sept. --- Oct.
2 weeks
1810
sausages and sauerkraut
Mardi Gras
1. Who took Mardi Gras to the United States
The French.
2. What can you find inside a King Cake
A plastic baby.
Answer the questions.
Notting Hill
3. Why does Cameron think Notting Hill carnival is held in the summer
Because of the weather.
4. Who started it, and why
Caribbean immigrants to the UK, because it is an important Festival for them.
Carnival in Rio
5. Why does Maria think carnival in Rio is special
Because carnival is in the Brazilian’s blood.
6. What do people often do after eating and drinking
They go for a walk on the beach.
Oktoberfest
7. What food does Stefan like
Sausages.
8. How many glasses of beer are drunk at the Oktoberfest every year
Ten million.
1. Which of the festivals you have read or heard about in this module would you rather go to
2. What are the most important things in a festival
3. Which is your favorite festival
Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
1. If you give up something, you ___. A. have more of it B. don’t have it any more
2. If you go wild about something you __. A. like it B. don’t like it
Choose the correct meaning of the words and phrases.
3. More or less means ____. A. exactly B. approximately
4. The high spot of a party is ____. A. the best part B. the end
5. Funnily enough suggests that what you are talking about is ___. A. funny B. strange
6. If something is in your blood, it is ___. A. natural B. healthy
7. If you wash down a meal, you____. A. have a drink B. wash your hands after eating
8. If you walk off a meal you ___. A. get hungry by walking B. help the food go down by walking.
1. high spot 亮点
e.g. What’s the high spot of the carnival
狂欢节最精彩的是什么？
2. funnily enough 非常滑稽地, 奇怪地
e.g. Funnily enough, he came to the party
with his pet.
很可笑, 他带着宠物来参加晚会。
3. go wild 变的疯狂
e.g. The girls went wild about the
pop singer.
这些女孩为那个歌星而疯狂。
4. in one’s blood 天生, 生性
e.g. He likes music. It is in his blood.
他天生喜欢音乐。
5. wash down 冲下, 喝下
e.g. He washed down the food with porridge.
他就着粥吃了饭。
6. walk off 饱餐之后走走
e.g. The people here like to walk off on
the beach.
这儿的人喜欢饱餐之后在沙滩上散步。
Do exercises 6-9 on page 87.登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
感恩节的由来
感恩节是美国人的一个重要节日。每年1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )1月的第四个星期四，美国家庭都要举行丰盛的感恩宴。最常见的传统食品有火鸡、南瓜馅饼和玉米面做的印第安布丁。一些美国人在这一天或举家出游，或探亲访友，尽情享受天伦之乐。感恩节期间，美国城乡都要举行化装游行、戏剧表演和射击、打靶等体育比赛。一些美国家庭、宗教组织及慈善机构还为穷人、孤儿及流浪者们提供免费的火鸡宴，让那些不幸的人们在感恩节里也得到一份人间的温暖。
感恩节起源于马萨诸塞普利茅斯的早期移民。这些移民在英国本土时被称为清教徒，因为他们对英国教会的宗教改革不彻底感到不满，以及英王及英国教会对他们的政治镇压和宗教迫害，所以这些清教徒脱离英国教会，远走荷兰，后来决定迁居到大西洋彼岸那片荒无人烟的土地上，希望能按照自己的意愿信教自由地生活。
1620年9月，“五月花号”轮船载着102名清教徒及其家属离开英国驶向北美大陆，经过两个多月的艰苦航行，在马萨诸塞的普利茅斯登陆上岸，从此定居下来。第一个冬天，由于食物不足、天气寒冷、传染病肆虐和过度劳累，这批清教徒一下子死去了一半以上。第二年春天，当地印第安部落酋长马萨索德带领心地善良的印第安人，给了清教徒谷物种子，并教他们打猎、种植庄稼、捕鱼等。在印第安人的帮助下，清教徒们当年获得了大丰收。首任总督威廉·布莱德福为此建议设立一个节日，庆祝丰收，感谢上帝的恩赐。同时，还想借此节日加强白人与印第安人的和睦关系。1621年11月下旬的星期四，清教徒们和马萨索德带来的90名印第安人欢聚一堂，庆祝美国历史上第一个感恩节。男性清教徒外出打猎、捕捉火鸡，女人们则在家里用玉米、南瓜、红薯和果子等做成美味佳肴。就这样，白人和印第安人围着篝火，边吃边聊，还载歌载舞，整个庆祝活动持续了三天。
从此以后，移居美国的欧洲人基本上沿袭了北美大陆上的第一次感恩节庆祝活动的形式。1789年，美国第一任总统华盛顿正式规定，11月26日为第一个全国统一庆祝的感恩节。但是，在相当长一段时间里，各州都视自己的情况规定节日日期。1941年，美国国会经罗斯福总统批准通过一项法案，宣布每年11月的第四个星期四为全国的感恩节。
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日本的节日
日本的新年
“正月”在日语中是新年的意思，是日本人一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )年中最重要的节日之一。日本过新年的风俗习惯全国都差不多一样。例如，元旦的早晨要喝“屠苏酒”，吃专门为新年而作的菜：青鱼子、黑豆、用酱油和糖煮的小干鱼等，寓意子孙繁盛，身体健康。早餐还要吃“杂煮”（年糕汤）。新年期间各户门前摆挂上松枝和竹枝，叫“门松”，有吉祥之意。新年头三天叫“三贺日”，人们彼此拜年。除夕夜人们有守岁的习惯，尤其在午夜时去神社聆听除夕钟声，这时的神社人山人海，常达数万人之众。初一去参拜神社叫“初诣”,是庆祝新年必有的节目。进入12月人们要互寄贺年片、有奖明信片，邮局为此专辟邮道。据说大年初一翻阅纷沓而至的贺年片是日本人独有的一种新年喜悦。
盂兰盆节
除了新年之外，日本最重要的节日是八月中旬的盂兰盆节，这期间大多数日本人要归乡扫墓，交通运输的紧张状态颇似中国春节前后的情景。连接东京和各城市的主要高速公路经常堵车距离长达十几公里甚至几十公里。在这段期间里，各地举行许多活动，如跳盂兰盆舞，放烟火等。
女孩节
三月三日是女孩节（桃花节），有女孩的家庭要设置一个架子，一层层地供奉上象征古代帝王贵族的玩偶人，祝愿女孩顺利成长与吉祥。
儿童节
五月五日是儿童节（男孩节），凡有男孩的家庭都在室外用竹竿挂起鲤鱼帜，家里有几个男孩就挂几个鲤鱼帜。
乞巧节
七月七日是乞巧节，据传说古代一对相爱的男女被天河分开，只有这一天才能相聚。七夕时，人们在彩纸带上写些祈求的话，挂在竹枝上，祈望自己的愿望能实现。
七五三节
十一月十五日是“七五三节”，即女孩三岁或七岁，男孩五岁时，这一天由家人带到神社或寺院祈求在神的保护下健康成长。除以上这些全国性的节日外，日本各地还有无数的地方性节日，有些较大的节日常吸引成千上万的外地游客前往观赏。
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Valentine's Day
Valentin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )e's Day(情人节) is named for Saint Valentine an early Christian churchman(牧师) who reportedly helped young lovers. Valentine was killed for his Christian beliefs on February 14 more than 1,700 years ago, but the day that has his name is even earlier than that.
More than 2,000 years ago, the ancient(远古的) Romans celebrated a holiday for lovers. As part of the celebration, girls wrote their names on pieces of paper and put them in a large container. Boys reached into the container and pulled one out. The girl whose name was written on the paper became his lover or sweet heart for a year.
Lovers still put their names on pieces of paper and they send each other Valentine\'s Day cards that tell of their love. Sometimes they also send gifts, like flowers or chocolate candy. Americans usually send these gifts and cards through the mail system. But some used another way to send this message. They have it printed in a newspaper. The cost is usually a few dollars. Some of the messages are simple and short, "Jane, I love you very much.”Others say more. This one, for example, "Don, roses are red. Violets(紫罗兰) are blue. I hope you love me as much as I love you. Forever, Mary."
Most of the newspapers that print such messages are local, but USA Today is sold throughout the United States and 90 other countries as well. This means someone can send a Valentine message to a lover in a far-away city or town almost anywhere in the world. These messages cost 80 dollars and more. An employee(职员) of USA Today says readers can have a small heart or rose printed along with their messages this year. Will this kind of Valentine's Day message reach the one you love
Well, just make sure he or she reads the newspaper.
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am /is /are +过去分词
e.g. The Olympic Games are held every four years.
奥运会每四年召开一次。
一般现在时:
被动语态在不同时态中的形式
一般过去时:
was /were +过去分词
e.g. The fire which lasted three hours was put out finally. 持续了三个小时的大火终于被扑灭了。
一般将来时:
will /shall + be +过去分词
e.g. More roads will be built to solve the problem of traffic jams. 更多的路将被建成来解决交通堵塞问题。
现在进行时:
am /is /are + being +过去分词
e.g. Wait a moment. Lunch is being cooked. 请稍候。午饭正在做。
过去进行时：
was /were + being +过去分词
e.g. The wolf was being hunted everywhere. 狼正在到处被追赶。
现在完成时:
has /have + been +过去分词
e.g. A lot has been done to protect the environment. 已经做了许多事情来保护环境。
过去完成时：
had been +过去分词
e.g. The fire had been put out before the firefighters arrived.
在消防队员来之前, 大火已被扑灭。
情态动词的被动：
can /may /must /have to + be +过去分词
e.g. These goods must be sold out today. 这些货物今天必须被卖掉。
A mistake may be made in this plan. 在这个计划里或许犯了一个错误。
The sports meet has to be put off because
of the rain.
由于大雨, 运动会被迫取消。
当强调动作的执行者时, 使用“by+动执
行者”的短语。
e.g. The vase was knocked off the table
by the cat.
花瓶被猫从桌上摔碎了。
主动形式表示被动意思
e.g. The book is worth reading.
这本书值得一读。
The baby needs/wants/requires
looking after. (to be looked after.)
这个婴儿需要被照顾。
说明主语的特征时, 及物动词用作不及物, 不用被动。
e.g. This kind of apples sell well.
这种苹果卖的好。
The door shuts easily.
这个门很容易关上。
Read the sentences and answer
the questions.
1. In the late 1970s the tradition was
revived by students.
2. Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.
a. Which sentence refers to the present
b. Which sentence refers to the past
c. Which sentence shows who did something
d. What does by show
By shows who performed the action.
2
1
1
Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.
1. The police will arrest the thieves.
The thieves will be arrested by the police.
2. They built the airport during the war.
The airport was built during the war.
3. They have offered me a large sum of money to go away.
I have been offered a large sum of money to go away.
4. I can hear passing plane night and day.
Passing plane can be heard night and day.
5. They must have lost your letter in the post.
Your letter must have been lost in the post.
Finish the following sentences.
1. These children _______________________ (将受到很好的照料) in the kindergarten.
2. The classroom ______________________ (由学生们打扫) every day.
will be taken good care of
is cleaned by the students
3. The problem _______________ (正在被讨论) in the meeting room.
4. Several soldiers ______________ (已经被杀害) in the conflict.
5. She found the house _____________________________ (已经被暴风雨摧毁).
is being discussed
have been killed
had been destroyed by the storm
6. His work __________ (被中断) for a time during the First World War.
7. The books in the reading room _________________ (绝不能被带出).
8. _______________ (他被注意到) steal the woman’s necklace.
was stopped
mustn’t be taken out
He was noticed to
1. 湿木头不易着火。
Wet wood won’t catch fire.
2. 这台洗衣机需要修理了。
The washing machine needs/wants/ requires repairing/to be repaired.
Translation
3. 他坐在房间的后面。
He was seated at the back of the room.
4. 我们学校教英语。
English is taught in our school.
5. 这些问题得用英语回答。
These questions have to be answered in English.
用被动语态改写下列句子。
1. They introduced this method into our country last year.
_______________________________
_______________________________
2. They are building the largest building in this city.
_______________________________
This method was introduced into our country last year.
The largest building is being built in this city.
3. The storm had destroyed the house when he got home.
_______________________________
_______________________________
4. Someone will give a speech this afternoon.
_______________________________
The house had been destroyed by the storm when he got home.
A speech will be given this afternoon.
Expressing likes, dislikes and preference.
I hate it. ___ I love it. ___
It’s OK. ___ I quite like it. ___
I really like it. ___
I don’t think much of it. ___
Number the phrases from the most negative (1) to the most positive (6).
(1)
(2)
(5)
(4)
(3)
(6)
Work in pairs. Discuss your preferences for food to eat at festivals. Use the phrases you numbered before.
Example: A: Do you like fish
B: No, I don’t. I hate it. / Yes, …
1. pork / chicken 2. fish / meat
3. beans / cabbage 4. cake / fruit
5. sweet food / salty food
Do exercises 1 and 2 on page 85.登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
加拿大节日风俗
冬季狂欢节
(2月上、中旬)魁北克省居民最盛大的节日。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )节日活动规模盛大，内容丰富多彩，具有浓郁的法兰西色彩。节前， 要用雪筑成一座五层高的"雪之城堡"；节日期间，要推选一位"狂欢节之王"，作为魁北克市的临时"统治者"，他身穿白衣，头戴白帽，犹如"雪人"一般。 在破冰后的圣劳伦斯河上要举行传统 的"冰河竞舟"。还要在冰、雪上举行 其它各种活动。 21教育网21世纪教育网版权所有
郁金香花节
(5月的最后两周)首都渥太华的盛大节日。节 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )日间举行各种彩车游行。欢庆的人们还选出一位美丽的"皇后"。人们尾随"皇后"的花车， 以乐队为前导徐徐前行。 21世纪教育网版权所有21教育网21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有
淘金节
加拿大阿尔伯达省人每年从8 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )月底起连续10天举行淘金庆祝活动以纪念祖先们的奋斗精神。人们身着淘金时代的服装上街游行，在埃德蒙顿广场举行各项文艺演出，夜晚燃放烟火，热闹非凡。
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感恩节的故事(The Thanksgiving Story)
Thanksgiving Day in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) America is a time to offer thanks, of family gatherings and holiday meals. A time of turkeys, stuffing, and pumpkin pie. A time for Indian corn, holiday parades and giant balloons.21世纪教育网版权所有21·cn·jy·com21教育网21cnjy.com21cnjy.com【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
在美国，感恩节是一个感谢恩赐， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )家庭团聚，合家欢宴的日子；是一个家家餐桌上都有火鸡、填料、南瓜馅饼的日子；是一个充满了印第安玉米、假日游行和巨型气球的日子。2·1·c·n·j·y2·1·c·n·j·y21世纪教育网版权所有21·cn·jy·com21·cn·jy·com
Thanksgiving is cel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ebrated on the 4th Thursday of November, which this year (2003) is November 27th.21·cn·jy·com【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】www.21-cn-jy.comwww.21-cn-jy.com【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
每年十一月的最后一个星期四是感恩 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )节，在今年（2003）则是11月27日。下面让我们来看看感恩节的由来吧：21·世纪*教育网21·世纪*教育网21·世纪*教育网
The Pilgrims who sail ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ed to this country aboard the Mayflower were originally members of the English Separatist Church (a Puritan sect). They had earlier fled their home in England and sailed to Holland (The Netherlands) to escape religious persecution. There, they enjoyed more religious tolerance, but they eventually became disenchanted with the Dutch way of life, thinking it ungodly. Seeking a better life, the Separatists negotiated with a London stock company to finance a pilgrimage to America. Most of those making the trip aboard the Mayflower were non-Separatists, but were hired to protect the company's interests. Only about one-third of the original colonists were Separatists.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】21世纪教育网版权所有www-2-1-cnjy-com21·世纪*教育网
乘"五月花"来到这个国度的旅 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )行者（朝圣者）原本是英国分离者地下教会清教徒，他们的家在英国，因不堪忍受国内的宗教迫害，他们逃亡到荷兰。在荷兰，他们享受了更多的宗教信仰自由，但最终却意识到在荷兰的这种生活方式是对他们的主的亵渎。为了寻求更好的生活，他们与伦敦贸易公司协商，由该公司资助他们到美国。在这趟旅途中，船上只有大约1/3的乘客是清教徒，其他大多数人并非分离派清教徒，而是公司雇佣来保护其利益的人员（契约奴）。 【版权所有：21教育】21cnjy.com2-1-c-n-j-y【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】21教育网21·cn·jy·com21教育网
The Pilgrims set gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ound at Plymouth Rock on December 11, 1620. Their first winter was devastating. At the beginning of the following fall, they had lost 46 of the original 102 who sailed on the Mayflower. But the harvest of 1621 was a bountiful one. And the remaining colonists decided to celebrate with a feast -- including 91 Indians who had helped the Pilgrims survive their first year. It is believed that the Pilgrims would not have made it through the year without the help of the natives. The feast was more of a traditional English harvest festival than a true "thanksgiving" observance. It lasted three days. 21教育名师原创作品www.21-cn-jy.com 21*cnjy*comwww-2-1-cnjy-comwww.21-cn-jy.com2·1·c·n·j·y
1620年12月11日，旅行者们在"普 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )利茅斯石"登陆。他们的第一个冬季是灾难性的，第二年秋天来临时，原来的102名乘客只剩下56人。但1621年他们获得了大丰收，这些幸存的殖民者们决定和帮助他们度过困难的91名印第安人一起飨宴庆祝。他们相信，若没有当地居民的帮助，他们是不可能度过这一年的。这次节日的盛宴不仅仅是一个"感恩"仪式，它更像英国传统的丰收庆典。庆典持续了三天。 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】2-1-c-n-j-y【出处：21教育名师】2-1-c-n-j-ywww-2-1-cnjy-com
Governor William Bra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )dford sent "four men fowling" after wild ducks and geese. It is not certain that wild turkey was part of their feast. However, it is certain that they had venison. The term "turkey" was used by the Pilgrims to mean any sort of wild fowl.
总督布雷德福派了“四人捕鸟队”去捕捉野鸭和野 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )鹅。我们现在并不能确定是否有野生火鸡在当时的筵席上，但筵席上肯定有鹿肉。当时，朝圣者用 "火鸡"一词来代表各种野禽。 21教育网【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】21教育网21·世纪*教育网
Another modern sta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ple at almost every Thanksgiving table is pumpkin pie. But it is unlikely that the first feast included that treat. The supply of flour had been long diminished, so there was no bread or pastries of any kind. However, they did eat boiled pumpkin, and they produced a type of fried bread from their corn crop. There was also no milk, cider, potatoes, or butter. There was no domestic cattle for dairy products, and the newly-discovered potato was still considered by many Europeans to be poisonous. But the feast did include fish, berries, watercress, lobster, dried fruit, clams, venison, and plums. www.21-cn-jy.com【出处：21教育名师】
现在，几乎每家感恩节餐桌上都有南瓜馅饼 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )――感恩节的另一种主食。但在当年的第一次庆典上却不可能有这种食品。因为面粉奇缺，所以面包、馅饼、糕点等食物都没有。但他们却吃了煮南瓜，并用收获的玉米制成了一种油炸面包。也没有牛奶、苹果酒、土豆和黄油。没有驯养的奶牛，自然没有牛奶；而新发现的土豆被很多欧洲人认为是有毒的。第一次庆典上有鱼、草莓、豆瓣菜、龙虾、干果、蛤、鹿肉、李子等。 21*cnjy*com21教育名师原创作品21·cn·jy·com 21*cnjy*com2-1-c-n-j-ywww.21-cn-jy.com21世纪教育网版权所有
This "thanksgiving" ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )feast was not repeated the following year. But in 1623, during a severe drought, the pilgrims gathered in a prayer service, praying for rain. When a long, steady rain followed the very next day, Governor Bradford proclaimed another day of Thanksgiving, again inviting their Indian friends. It wasn't until June of 1676 that another Day of Thanksgiving was proclaimed. 21*cnjy*com21*cnjy*com
紧接着的第二年(1622)却没有举 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )行"感恩"庆典。到了1623年，发生了一场严重的旱灾，朝圣者们聚集到一起，举行了虔诚的祁雨仪式，刚好在第二天，一场充沛的大雨从天而降。威廉布雷德福总督宣布再次庆祝感恩节，并再次邀请了他们的印第安朋友。之后数年无感恩节，直到1676年6月，感恩节才再次被提出。 www-2-1-cnjy-com【版权所有：21教育】【出处：21教育名师】2·1·c·n·j·y21cnjy.com21cnjy.com21教育网
On June 20, 1676, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )the governing council of Charlestown, Massachusetts, held a meeting to determine how best to express thanks for the good fortune that had seen their community securely established. By unanimous vote they instructed Edward Rawson, the clerk, to proclaim June 29 as a day of thanksgiving. It is notable that this thanksgiving celebration probably did not include the Indians, as the celebration was meant partly to be in recognition of the colonists' recent victory over the "heathen natives," 21教育名师原创作品【版权所有：21教育】 21*cnjy*com21教育网www.21-cn-jy.com21cnjy.com
1676年6月20日，马萨诸塞州的查尔 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )斯顿政府委员会召开了一次会议，讨论如何才能最好表达对主的谢意：主赐予他们好运，庇佑他们安全地建立了他们的邦联。经过意见不统一的投票，由书记爱德华.劳森宣布6月29日为当年的感恩节。值得注意的是，因此次庆典在一定程度上是殖民者对战胜"野蛮的土著人"的庆祝，故印第安人极有可能未参加此次庆典。 2-1-c-n-j-ywww-2-1-cnjy-com
October of 177 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )7 marked the first time that all 13 colonies joined in a thanksgiving celebration. It also commemorated the patriotic victory over the British at Saratoga. But it was a one-time affair. 21教育网21cnjy.com21世纪教育网版权所有【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
1777年10月，13个殖民地第一次联合举办了感恩节庆典，这也是对萨拉托加一役中战胜英国人所取得的爱国主义的胜利的纪念。但只举行了这一年。
George Washin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )gton proclaimed a National Day of Thanksgiving in 1789, although some were opposed to it. There was discord among the colonies, many feeling the hardships of a few Pilgrims did not warrant a national holiday. And later, President Thomas Jefferson scoffed at the idea of having a day of thanksgiving.
1789年，尽管出现反对的呼声，华盛顿总统 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )还是宣布感恩节为全国性节日。在殖民地中也存在意见的分歧，不少人认为，仅仅一小撮朝圣者所经历的那些艰难困苦并不值得用一个全国节日来纪念。之后，杰弗逊总统还对这件事嗤之以鼻。 21cnjy.com 21*cnjy*com2·1·c·n·j·y2·1·c·n·j·y21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有21·cn·jy·com21世纪教育网版权所有
It was Sarah Josepha H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ale, a magazine editor, whose efforts eventually led to what we recognize as Thanksgiving. Hale wrote many editorials championing her cause in her Boston Ladies' Magazine, and later, in Godey's Lady's Book. Finally, after a 40-year campaign of writing editorials and letters to governors and presidents, Hale's obsession became a reality when, in 1863, President Lincoln proclaimed the last Thursday in November as a national day of Thanksgiving. 【出处：21教育名师】【版权所有：21教育】【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
若没有萨拉·J·黑尔――一位杂志编辑的努力， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )最终就不会有我们现在所谓的感恩节。在她主编的"波士顿妇女杂志"及稍后的"Godey's 女士手册"中，她撰写了大量的社论，支持将感恩节定为全国性节日。40年中，她坚持不懈地发表评论，不断致信州长乃至总统，最后，理想终于变为现实：1863年，林肯总统发表声明，将11月的最后一个星期四定为感恩节――一个全国性的节日。
Thanksgiving w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )as proclaimed by every president after Lincoln. The date was changed a couple of times, most recently by Franklin Roosevelt, who set it up one week to the next-to-last Thursday in order to create a longer Christmas shopping season. Public uproar against this decision caused the president to move Thanksgiving back to its original date two years later. And in 1941, Thanksgiving was finally sanctioned by Congress as a legal holiday, as the fourth Thursday in November.
从此历届总统都按此行事。但具体时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )间也发生过几次变化。最近的一次是富兰克林·罗斯福总统宣布的。为开创一个更长的圣诞购物季节，罗斯福总统宣布将感恩节日期改在11月的倒数第二个星期四，即提前了一个星期。但公众反对呼声太高，两年后，总统不得不将感恩节日期改回到原来的时间。1941年，美国国会最终通过决议，将感恩节定为美国法定假日，的时间是每年11月的最后一个星期四.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 4 页 （共 5 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
Module 4 Carnival
I. 模块教学目标
技能目标Skill Goals▲ Talk about car ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nival and other festivals at home and abroad ▲ Express likes, d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )islikes and preferences ▲ Review the passive voice ▲ Write an email about a Chinese festival
II. 目标语言
功 能 句 式 Expressing likes, dislikes and preferences:—Do you like fish —No, I don’t. I hate it. Yes, I do. I quite like it.I love it. I quite like it. I really like it.It’s OK. I don’t think much of it. I hate it.
词 汇 1. 四会词汇carnival, Chr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )istian, ghost, costume, confusion, firearm, empire, memory, council, elegant, magic, era, calendar, dove, bean, flour, garlic, onion, pea, pork, sausage, herb, ingredient, relaxing, whistle, tasty, parade, multicultural, plantation, trade, landowner, master, magnificent, celebration, freedom 2. 复习词汇vocabulary ab ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out food: ban, cabbage, chicken, dance, decide, discover, festival, fire, follow, hold, know, origin, mystery, pork, throw, tradition 3. 固定词组 come to an end, dress up, consist of4. 重点词汇 hide, extend, pretend, book (v.), revive, wander, mark, transport, import, abolish, unite, origin
语 法 Passive voice: 1. In the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students.2. Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.
重 点 句 子 1. This is when Ameri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cans remember the hard times when they first arrived in the country. 2. Have you dressed up in special clothes 3. The sounds ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and sights change from one country to another but the excitement is the same everywhere. 4. As time passe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas. 5. For weeks on end p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople walked round the street wearing masks, doing what they wanted without being recognized.6. Ordinary peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret. 7. Many crimes went unpunished.8. If they bro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke the laws, they were put into prison for up to two years. 9. There must be a million people here. 10. With the passing of time, the white inhabitants of the island began to take part in the carnival, too.
Ⅲ. 教材分析与教材重组
1. 教材分析
本模块以Carnival为话题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，介绍狂欢节的历史、发展、种类及人们的活动、饮食和习俗，并由此引导学生联想、讨论中国的节日，旨在通过学习本模块使学生掌握有关节日和食物的词汇、句型，从而不但了解外国的狂欢节，而且对我国的节日也有进一步了解，进而拓展社会文化背景、增加跨国文化知识；使学生巩固表达喜好的方式，复习并掌握被动语态的用法；能够根据要求描写一个中国的节日,能表达自己的观点和想法。 www-2-1-cnjy-com
1.1 INTRODUCTIO ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )N Speaking 以五幅关于外国著名节日的图片和它们的简要描述切入话题，使学生通过讨论激活关于节日话题的背景知识,了解这五个著名节日的习俗及意义，以激起学生的学习兴趣; 第二个活动引导学生列出中国节日的名称和日期; 第三个活动以一幅图画和几个问题引导学生回顾节日期间的特殊着装; 第四个活动是选出节日期间做的事情,为本模块的学习作好铺垫。
1.2 READING ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) AND VOCABULARY 课文以Carnival为话题，介绍了狂欢节的由来和发展、威尼斯狂欢节和美洲狂欢节的特点及异同。通过课文前后的四个相关练习，使学生了解、学习相关词汇和课文主旨。
与课文相关的练习：Ta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sk 1是要求学生浏览课文后选出文中涉及话题，潜移默化中培养学生skimming 这一重要阅读技巧；Task 2是考察对文章细节的理解，有助于学生从微观的角度来理解课文； Task 3 && 4词汇、短语练习，找出文中一些较为复杂的词汇和短语的解析，从而为近一步的阅读理解扫除障碍。
1.3 GRAMMAR (Revie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w of the passive voice) 通过一系列语法练习，旨在使学生复习并掌握被动语态在各种时态中的使用。
1.4 VOCABULARY AN ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )D LISTENING 该部分有两项任务，一是复习关于食物的一些词语，为下一步的听力作铺垫。二是听关于四种节日的材料，然后完成与录音内容相关的练习，训练学生听和理解各种节日的能力。
1.5 EVERYDAY ENGLISH 通过选择8个短语的正确的意思而掌握这些日常用语。
1.6 FUNC ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )TION（Expressing likes, dislikes and preferences）通过三步训练掌握表达喜好的方式。
三步练习逐步递近,环环相扣。
1.7 READING AND ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )WRITING 读一封电子邮件，划出其中用来描述氛围、音乐和食物的形容词，并从这三个方面来描述一个中国节日。
1.8 CULTURA ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )L CORNER 通过阅读有关狂欢节意义的文章，拓宽学生有关这一节日的知识面和相关词汇量，从而让学生了解任何一个节日都是由其历史渊源的。
1.9 TASK 让学生在小组讨论的基础上，写一段文字介绍一个中国节日。
1.10 MODULE ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )FILE 部分简要总结了本模块的重点词汇、语法、重点句型、短语及日常用语。总之，通过本模块的系统学习，让学生了解狂欢节以及世界各国的节日及民俗，学习有关节日和食物的词汇，并能够丰富语言知识，提升用英语表达观点的能力。
2. 教材重组
2.1口语课 将 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )INTRODUCTION、EVERYDAY ENGLISH和FUNCTION三部分形成一节口语课。在讨论所给图片上五个著名外国节日的基础上，补充讨论中国节日的来历、意义和风俗。激活学生尽可能多的关于节日的词汇，为后面的读、听、写作铺垫，同时激发学生的学习热情。
2.2阅读课 VOCABULARY AND READING两部分可以整合为一体，设计成一节阅读课。
2.3语法课 本节课前十五分 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )钟用来复习课文内容，复习被动语态结构，练习WORKBOOK 中相关题目，并链接高考题中对此语法项目的考查点。
2.4听力课 将课文中的VOCABU ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )LARY AND LISTENING和WORKBOOK 中的Listening and Speaking整合为一节听力课。
2.5泛读课 将CULTU ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )RAL CORNER与WORKBOOK中Reading 部分放在一起，再加入课外阅读材料，扩大节日这一话题信息量,上一节泛读课。
2.6 写作课 把 READIN ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )G AND WRITING, TASK 与WORKBOOK 中Speaking and writing 放在一起，上一节写作课。
3. 课型设计与课时分配 (经分析教材, 本模块可以用六课时教完)
1st Period Speaking
2nd Period Reading
3rd Period Grammar
4th Period Listening
5th Period Extensive Reading
6th Period Writing
（以上课时分配与教材重组，仅供参考，教师可因时因地因人而异，不必拘泥于此。)
IV. 分课时教案
The First Period Speaking
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
carnival, Christian, ghost
b. 交际用语
1. This is a ... festival which comes in...
2. The festival is at the end of ..., when...
3. Have you ever dressed up in special clothes
4. Expressing likes, dislikes and preferences:
—Do you like fish
— No, I don’t. I hate it.
Yes, I do. I quite like it.
I hate it. I love it.
It’s OK. I quite like it.
I really like it. I don’t think much of it.
2. Ability goals能力目标
Enable the students to talk about some foreign festivals and customs.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the Ss learn how ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to talk about festivals with the target language.
Teaching important &difficult points 教学重难点
How to talk ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )about festivals and customs at festivals and how to express likes, dislikes and preferences.21·cn·jy·com
Teaching methods 教学方法
Elicitation, discussion, listening and pair work.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A computer, a projector and a tape recorder.
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Lead-in
Show the wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d “FESTIVALS” on the screen and then encourage the students to talk about as much about festivals in China as possible. 【出处：21教育名师】
T: Hello, everybody! ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )As we all know, China, our great motherland, has a long history. So we have various festivals today. Look at the screen, please. What do you think of after you read the word “festivals” Why do you think so 21*cnjy*com
Ss: We like fes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tivals very much. That’s because we can get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life.
Step II Speaking 1
T: Who can talk something about festivals in China Volunteers!
S1: The Spring Fest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ival is the most important festival in our country, when I usually get much lucky money from my parents, grandparents and my relatives. At the Spring Festival I needn’t go to school and there is lots of delicious food to eat. How great it is! What’s more, I can meet my cousins and old friends who I haven’t seen for a long time and we can have a very good time together.
T: Excellent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) work! Now let’s talk more about FESTIVALS, which are meant to celebrate important events and persons. Please think about other Chinese festivals and when they are celebrated.
FESTIVALS
Chinese Festivals Date Chinese Festivals Date
S2: New Year ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(January 1st), Yuanxiao Festival (15 days after the Spring Festival).
S3: That’s also ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) called the Lantern Festival. It’s the 15th day of the first lunar month, when we eat special sweet dumplings called Yuanxiao and enjoy displayed lanterns. And we enjoy beautiful fireworks, too.21教育名师原创作品
T: You have done a good job. What are the other festivals
S4: International Women’s Day. It is on March 8.
S5: Arbor Day on March 12th.
S6: International Labor Day and Chinese Youth Day.
S7: International Children’s Day.
T: Yes. Do you know other Chinese festivals
S8: Army Day is on August 1st and Teachers’ Day is on September 10th.
S9: National Day on October 1st.
T: Excellent wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k! Those are mostly the legal holidays in our country. There are also some traditional Chinese festivals celebrated according to the lunar calendar. Do you know some other traditional festivals List some of them, please.
S10: Qingming Festiv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al in memory of the dead or the heroes on April the fifth.
T: It’s called Tomb Sweeping Festival. Another one
S11: Dragon Boat F ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )estival on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in memory of the great poet - Qu Yuan.
S12: Mid-Autum ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n Festival on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.
T: You’ve done a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )good job, boys and girls! You have named so many festivals. I’m proud of you for you are so well-informed. Look at the screen and I’ll show you a table:
Chinese Festivals Date Chinese Festivals Date
New Year January 1st Teachers’ Day September 10th
International Women’s Day March 8. National Day October 1st
Arbor Day March 12th the Spring Festival. Lunar New Year
International Labor Day May 1st Pure Brightness Day April the fifth.
Chinese Youth Day May 4th. Dragon Boat Festival the fifth day of the fifth lunar month
International Children’s Day June 1st Mid-Autumn Festival the 5th day of the 8th lunar month.
Army Day August 1st Lantern Festival the 15 day of the 1st lunar month.
Step III Speaking 2
T: Ok! We have go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t lots of information about Chinese festivals. Would you like to know something about some foreign festivals 21世纪教育网版权所有
Ss: Yes! Of course!
T: What’s the most important festival in western countries
Ss: Christmas!
T: That’s right! Ple ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ase look at the pictures, and then match the festivals with the descriptions. If you know some information about the festivals, please talk about them with your partners.
S1: Christmas is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )both a legal and religious holiday, which observes the anniversary of the birth of Jesus. All states and all those of the Christian faith celebrate this holiday on which people give each other presents and best wishes while the children believe that the presents come from Father Christmas. So I think the first description can be matched with the festival of Christmas.
S2: Yes. I can’t agre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e with you more. I guess Holi is a festival with color, which marks the beginning of spring in India. That’s because the people in the picture are colored heavily. But I know no more about it.
T: That’s Ok. Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e festival of Holi is celebrated on the day after the full moon in early March every year. Apart from the usual fun with colored powder and water, Holi is marked by vibrant processions that are accompanied by folk songs, dances and a general sense of abandoned vitality. Who’d like to say something else about other festivals and their descriptions
S3: There is s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o much delicious food on Thanksgiving Day, so it must be when Americans remember the hard times when they first arrived in the country. T: The food is turkey(火鸡), corn and pumpkin pies(南瓜派). Thanksgiving Day is a traditional American festival on the fourth Thursday in November, when families get together and have a big dinner. How about the next one
S4: Judging fr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )om the pictures, there are two festivals for which people love wearing special clothes. So I’m not sure which one is suitable for the description.
S5: Have you pai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d attention to the fifth description I’m sure Halloween(万圣节) is the festival at the end of October, when “ghosts” come out, for it’s said that witches (女巫) ride through the air on broomstick.
T: Yes! Halloween is a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) time to have fun and it comes on October 31st. It’s one of the most favorite holidays for children. Parties are very popular, too. People wear scary clothes and masks(面具), for example, dress up like a witch(巫婆).
S6: Then for Ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rnival people love wearing special clothes and it seems that people usually dress up and wear a mask at this festival.
T: That’s tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ue. People walk on the street wearing masks, doing what they want to do without being recognized. Look at the picture lower in this page. What is the person wearing
S7: The pers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on is wearing so special clothes and a mask that it’s hard to say it is male or female.
T: Have you ever dressed up in special clothes
Ss: No. At the Spring ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Festival we usually wear beautiful and new clothes but there are no special clothes. Maybe the Chinese minorities wear special clothes on their festivals.
T: Yes. As we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )all know, different countries have different culture and social customs. Then what do you usually do during festivals Let’s come to part four of this page, and please check out the thing you do.
S8: We eat s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pecial food at different festivals. For example, on Mid-Autumn Day we usually eat moon cakes and other delicious food, Zongzi is the traditional food for the Dragon Boat Festival and jiaozi for the Spring Festival.
S9: We give an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d receive gifts, have holidays from school and enjoy ourselves with friends and family at the Spring Festivals. On Lantern Festival and the Dragon Boat Festival we take part in different traditional ceremonies, such as enjoying displayed lanterns, rowing dragon boats and so on. S10: We sometimes dance and listen to music at festivals, but usually we enjoy all kinds of entertainment programs.
T: I am very proud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of you because you know so much about festivals at home and abroad.
Step IV Everyday English
Expressing likes, dislikes and preferences.
T: Now please turn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to page 37. Let’s come to the function of this module. Task 2: Number the phrases from the most negative (1) to the most positive (6).
Ss: In my opinion, N ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o.1 should be “ I hate it”; No. 2 should be “I don’t think much of it”; the third one should be “It’s OK”; next might be “I quite like it”; the fifth one “I really like it”; the most positive one must be “I love it”.
T: Yes. What ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you said is quite right. Now please work in pairs and discuss your preferences for food to eat at festivals, using the phrases in Activity 2 of page 37 and following the example.
Sa: Do you like pork
Sb: Yes, I do. I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )really like it, especially the dumplings with pork. How about you
Sa: No, I don’t. I don’t think much of it. I prefer chicken to pork.
...
Step V Summary and homework
T: Boys and g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )irls you did very well today. We have talked about festivals around the world, so I believe all of us have broadened our horizon. Here is your homework today:
1. If you have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a chance to decide a new holiday that is most likely to be necessary in your opinion, please create a new holiday and give your reasons.
2. Do Everyday English on page 37.
The Second Period Reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
carnival, Chri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stian, ghost, costume, confusion, firearm, empire, memory, council, elegant, magic,hide, extend, pretend, book (v.), revive, wander, come to an end, dress up2·1·c·n·j·y
b. 重点句式
The sounds and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sights change from ... to another but ... is the same...
As time passed, however, so that it...
For weeks on end ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )people walked round the street wearing masks, doing what wanted without being recognized.
Ordinary people coul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d pretend to ..., while famous people could have romantic...
Many crimes went unpunished.
If they broke the laws, they were put in prison for up to two years.
2. Ability goals能力目标
Enable the students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to talk about the origins of carnivals and two different kinds of carnivals.
3. Learning ability goals学能目标
Help the Ss learn how to talk about the development of carnivals.
Teaching important points 教学重点
Get to know the customs of carnivals.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Fast reading, task-based method && discussion.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A computer, a projector and a tape recorder.
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
Check the students’ homework — creating a new holiday.
T: Boys and girls, as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we all know, all the festivals are created for certain reasons and needs. I have given you the opportunity to create a new holiday. Now it’s time for you to present your holiday and give us your reasons. Who’d like to tell us your creation
Sa: In my opin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion, the new holiday should be Nature Day. It should be celebrated on March 13th, when people should persuade the people around to protect environment and wildlife by delivering papers and giving lectures and no pollution or destruction of nature is allowed. I think this is the most necessary because our surroundings are being polluted faster than nature and man’s present effort can prevent it and it is high time we did what we could to protect our home.
Sb: I think ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the new holiday should be Peace Day. On this day, no fighting or conflicts are allowed. People will learn and talk about peace and send olive (橄榄枝) and doves. That’s because the world is full of wars, killings and terrorism and some countries start wars in the name of freedom and democracy, so many people died, many are homeless and the world economy is influenced. On the country, most people long for peace.
Sc: In my personal op ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inion, the new holiday should be Relaxation Day, when people can do what they want to, as long as they don’t break the law. As most of us, old and young, live a busy life under certain pressure, we need the holiday to relax ourselves and to make the friends and relatives happy.
Sd: I think t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he new festival should be the Students’ Day, which will be held on the first Sunday after June 9 every year. On that day no students need to study just doing what they like to without homework, without papers or orders of parents’ and teachers’. You know, we are so tired under great pressure. On June 9 the entrance exam is over, the school-leavers can hold a party to celebrate their graduation.
T: Wonderful ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ideas! I can’t agree with you more. We need some way to relax ourselves indeed. There happens to be a festival called Carnival when people can do what they want to without being recognized. Would you like to know more about it
Ss: Yes.
T: OK. Let’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) come to the passage on page 32. Please skim through the passage and then check the topics it mentions. This time, read just for the general ideas of the passage. Six minutes for you to complete the 450 words.21·世纪*教育网
Step II Revision
T: I think y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou must know something about Carnival. Carnival is a traditional time of celebration before the Christian season of Lent. Lent is a forty-day period of spiritual renewal before the holiday of Easter. Carnival ends with a wild celebration on Mardi Gras, the Tuesday before the start of Lent. Each year, hundreds of thousands of people gather in the city. They enjoy a series of lively parties and parades. Carnival today is an international, multicultural experience. It has become a celebration of life itself. But how did it become so And do you know what the symbol of Carnival is
Ss: People always wear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) masks at Carnival. But I want to know why people wear masks at carnival. ...
T: Today we are go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing to learn more about Carnival. Now please read The Magic of the Mask and then answer my questions.
Skimming
Ask the Ss to skim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) through the questions and then read the text silently. Get the Ss comprehend the passage quickly and accurately and at the same time help them to form a good habit of reading. Show the questions on the screen.
1. What do yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u think of when you think of carnival (We think of crowds, costumes, masks, and confusion.)
2. Where and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )why does the word “carnival” come from Where does Carnival originate from What did people see Carnival as (“Carnival”comes from two Latin words, meaning “no more meat”. In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. People saw Carnival as a last chance to have fun at the end of the winter season. Having fun meant eating, drinking, and dressing up.)
3. How was the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Carnival in Venice (It was the most famous carnival in Europe. The first carnival in Venice lasted for just one day. As time passed, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas. For weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing masks, doing what they could without being recognized.)
4. How did the diff ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erent kinds of people behave in the carnival in Venice (Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret. Many crimes went unpunished.)
5. Why were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )masks banned when Venice became part of the Austrian empire, at the end of the eighteenth century (Because the government realized that wearing masks had become a problem. Their use was limited by laws. First men were not allowed to wear masks at night, and they were not allowed to dress up as women in the fourteenth century. In later times more laws were passed. People who wore masks could not carry firearms; and no one could enter a church wearing a mask. If they broke the laws, they were put into prison for up to two years. Finally, masks were banned and carnival became just a memory.)
6. When and why was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the tradition wearing masks revived And by whom (In the late 1970s the tradition was revived. The idea to start the carnival again came from students. They began making masks and organizing parties, and threw bits of brightly coloured paper at tourists. The town council realized that carnival was good for business, and the festival was developed for tourists.)
7. How long and when ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is carnival in Venice celebrated today (For five days in February.)
8. Is the spirit of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Venice carnival the same as the great American carnivals (No. The spirit of Venice carnival is not quite the same as the great American carnivals. If the key to Rio is music and movement, then in Venice it is the mystery of the mask. If the masks come off, the magic is lost.)
Give the Ss six minu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tes to look through the text, allow them to discuss with their partners encourage them to express themselves with their own words.
Step III Intensive Reading
Let the Ss have enou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gh time to read the passage carefully this time to understand the main ideas of each paragraph and get the details.
T: Read the text ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) loudly for a second time and then complete the sentences with the correct words and phrases. At the same time underline the important phrases and sentences and make a mark where you have problems.
Five minutes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )later, talk about Exercise 2 with the students, meanwhile encouraging the students to analyse some long and complex sentences.
T: Time is up. Which is the correct answer of the first sentence
S: European.
T: Yes. How did you get the answer
S: According to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he sentence: In Europe, where it began, Carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter.
T: You are quite right. Can you analyze the sentence
S: Sure. There ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are two clauses in this sentence, the former used as attributive clause and the other as adverbial clause of reason.
...
T: Now it’s t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ime for you to complete tasks 3 and 4 and then read the text once more to check your answers. After you have finished them you can also discuss them with your partners.
Language points
In this part try to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )help the students to analyze the difficult, long and complex sentences and talk about the meaning of the new words and ask them to deal with the language points in the context.
T: Well, please l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ook at the screen and I’ll show you some important sentences and phrases in the passage. Now look at these sentences and pay attention to the boldface words. I’ll ask you about their part of speech, meaning in the context and the important usages of them. Let’s talk about them together.
1. As time passed, how ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ever, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas. P32
⑴ as： when; while “当……之时”(此处表示两个渐进的动作)“随着……”
As he grew older, he became less active.
As the society develops, the living conditions get better and better.
= With the d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )evelopment of the society, the living conditions get better and better.
⑵ so that 引导结果状语从句
2. Ordinary pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret. P32
⑴ pretend: make oneself appear ( to be sth., to be doing sth.) 佯装，伪装
He pretended / to be reading the book / to have read the book / to be asleep / that he was reading / when his mother came in.
⑵ while “而，却”并列连词，表对比之意一般连接两个句式结构一致，而意义相对或相反的两个句子。
(04’广西35.) I do e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very single bit of housework ______my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.
A. since Ｂ. while Ｃ. when Ｄ. as
⑶ in secret (表情况或状态) = secretly
in despair 在绝望中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in poverty 在贫困中 in wonder 惊奇地 in public公开地 in love 恋爱中 in tears在哭泣 in a trouble state 在烦恼 in poor health健康不佳
3. If they broke th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e laws, they were put in prison for up to two years. P33
⑴ put / keep somebody in prison= send somebody to prison把某人关进监狱（无冠词）
be in / go to prison 坐牢（表动作）
go to school / church / hospital
上学 / 去做礼拜 / 去看病（表动作）
go to the school / the church / the hospital
去学校 / 去教堂 / 去医院 （表地点）
at table 在吃饭 （无冠词表动作） at the table在桌旁 （有冠词表地点）
⑵ up to = as far as 直到
up to now / then 到现在 / 那时
reach up to 多达
add up to 总计
4. The town council ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )realized that carnival was good for business, and the festival was developed for tourists.【版权所有：21教育】
good: adj.有益的，有利的
e.g. be good for 对……有益
Milk is good for children.
n. 利益，好处，
e.g. do good to
Fruit does good to you.
5. If the masks come off, the magic is lost.
come off: become separated (from) （从某物上）脱落，分离，掉下
e.g. One of my buttons has come off.
我的一粒扣子掉了。
Step IV Listening
T: Now I will pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay the tape for you. You can just listen with your books closed or look at your books or read in a low voice together with the tape. It’s up to you. While listening, please pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation.
Step V Discussion
T: This text i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s made up of six paragraphs. Who can tell us the main idea of each paragraph Now you can discuss in groups.
S1: The first paragraph tells us the whole impression of Carnival.
S2: Paragraph 2 tells us the meaning of the word "carnival".
S3: Paragraph 3 tell ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s us the most famous carnival in Europe was in Venice.
S4: Paragraphs 4 && 5 tell us the history of masks which were banned completely and the tradition was revived by students.
S5: The last paragraph tells us today's carnival in Venice.
T: Good. We know the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re are all kinds of festivals around the world and different festivals have different reasons. It is not difficult to understand there are common human deeds and desires that are met in different ways around the world. We should enlarge our knowledge about the social customs of the English-speaking countries and the history of festivals. We should love our colorful life and work hard to make the world more beautiful. Festivals are meant to celebrate important events. Different countries have different festivals. Here I have several questions for you to think about.
1. How does your family celebrate the Spring Festival
2. Why do we cele ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )brate the Spring Festival and other festivals Do festivals help us understand our history and culture
3. What kinds ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of gifts and things do people buy during major festivals like Christmas and the Spring Festival
4. Many festival ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s around the world are celebrated around the same time. Why do we celebrate these festivals at these times
Let the Ss work in groups and discuss them.
S1: Before the Spring ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Festival, my whole family begin to prepare for it. We are busy to have houses thoroughly cleaned, debts repaid, and new clothes purchased. On the day, we let off fire-crackers, eat dumplings, fish and meat, and my parents gives us children luck money.
S2: When we celeb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rate the Spring Festival, we can get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. It lets us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while. It can also help us understand our history and culture.
S3: First I want to say that we Chinese people go shopping to buy new clothes, firecrackers, all kinds of food before the Spring Festival. And after the Spring Festival they buy wines, cakes and other gifts to visit relatives. But at Christmas people buy all kinds of colorful cards to post them to good friends and teachers to show best wishes.
S4: I think many h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )olidays celebrate the arrival of a new season or a new harvest. I think these festivals are all the international festivals to celebrate the same history and the same culture in order that we keep our international culture alive. For example, May Day is celebrated because it is the day when the working people get their legal rights.
T: That’s right. Some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the festivals like Christmas are getting to become international. Because people from all over the world love to get together to have fun with each other and enjoy life, and some to give people all over the world a warning. For example, the Environment Day is celebrated to protect the earth, water and air from pollution.
Step VI Summing up and homework
T: In this class ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we have learned about Carnival and the usage of some words and phrases. All right, boys and girls, that’s all for today. Here is your homework:
Go over the text a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fter class and try to write a summary of the text (about 100 words) and retell the test according to the summary.
Underline the sentences with the passive voice in the passage.
If possible ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )try to find out as much information as possible about festivals around the world. You can surf the Internet or refer to the books.
The Third Period Grammar
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
era, the Christian calendar
b. 重点句子
In the late 1970s the tradition was revised by students.
Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the Ss to learn to use the passive voice.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Let the students lean how to use the passive voice.
Teaching important points教学重点
Discovering the passive voice structures.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Practicing independently & explanation.
Teaching grammar in real situations.
Teaching aid 教具准备
A multiple-media computer & a blackboard.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
T: Good morning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), class! Yesterday we learned a passage on Carnival. So I’d like some of you to introduce this festival with your books closed. You may use you own key words or refer to the summary on the slide.
The suggested key words:
1. The origins of ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rnival: European, followed by, prepared for, as last chance to
2. Different carniv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )als: in Venice, the mystery of the masks, in American, music and movement
3. Carnival in Venic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e: one day, limited, banned, revised, developed for tourists, masks
The suggested summary:
When Carnival ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )began in __________, people saw it the last chance to have ______. Having fun meant ______, drinking and ______. The most famous carnival was in ______. At first, it ______ for just one day. ______ time passed, the Carnival period was ______. People walking round the streets wearing ______, doing ______ they wanted without being recognized. Later, wearing masks was ______ by law. Finally, at the end of the 18th century, masks were ______ completely. But in the late 1970s, the tradition was ______ by students and the festival was ______ for tourists. Today, Carnival in Venice is ______ for five days in February. Hotels are fully ______ and the narrow streets are crowed with wonderful costumes. The key to Rio is music and ______ while in Venice it is the ______ of masks.
Suggested answers：
When Carnival began ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in Europe, people saw it the last chance to have fun. Having fun meant eating, drinking and dressing up. The most famous carnival was in Venice. At first, it lasted for just one day. As time passed, the Carnival period was extended. People walking round the streets wearing masks, doing what they wanted without being recognized. Later, wearing masks was limited by law. Finally, at the end of the 18th century, masks were banned completely. But in the late 1970s, the tradition was revived by students and the festival was developed for tourists. Today, Carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February. Hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes. The key to Rio is music and movement while in Venice it is the mystery of masks.
...
T: That’s all for t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he revision of the text. Let’s translate the following Chinese into English with the given words or phrases.
1. 随着社会的发展，生活状况越变越好。（as）
As the society devel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ops, living conditions are getting better and better.
2. 他进来时我假装正在读书。(pretend)
I pretended to be reading when he came in.
3. 丈夫正在做饭而妻子正在照顾孩子。(while)
The husband was cooking while the wife was looking after the baby.
4. 他们被秘密逮捕了。(put into prison, in secret)
They were put into prison in secret.
5. 早睡早起对健康有益。（be good for）
Going to bed early and getting up early is good for your health.
Step II Lead-in
T: I have asked you t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o underline the sentences with the passive voice. Have you found them
Ss:
1. In Europe, where ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat.
2. As time passed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas.
3. Their use was limited by laws.
4. Men were not a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llowed to wear masks and they were not allowed to dress up as women.
5. In later times, more laws were passed.
6. If they broke ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the laws, they were put in prison for up to two years.
7. Masks were banned completely.
8. But in the late 1970s, the tradition was revived by students
9. The festival was developed for tourists.
10. Today, Carnival ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.
11. Hotels are fully booked.
Step III Explanation
英语的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
被动语态一般用于以下几种情况：
⑴ 动作的承受者是谈话的中心。
⑵ 不知道或不愿说出动作的发出者。
主动语态和被动语态的转化:
主语 + 谓语(及物)do + 宾语 ＋状语
主语 ＋ be done + by + 动作的执行者 ＋ 状语
一般式 进行式 完成式
be done be being done have been done
Step IV Practice
T: Now please compl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ete the passage on page 34, using the correct form of the verb. The passage is talking about the origins of carnival. Please pay attention to the tense and voice of the verbs. If you have any difficulty in understanding them you can talk about them with your partners.
Five minutes fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r the students to do the job, and then check the answers with the whole class. Emphasize on the passive voice of different tenses.
高考链接：（作者认为此语法项目较为简单且为复习内容，因此，可以提升到高考高度，让学生接触各种时态的被动语态,注重语境。）
1. All the preparations for the task ______ and we’re ready to start.
A. completed B. complete
C. had been completed D. have been completed
2. Hundreds of jobs ________ if the factory closes.
A. lost B. will be lost C. are lost D will lose
3. A new cinema ________ here. They hope to finish it next month.)
A. will be built B. is built
C. has been built D. is being built
4. Visitors ______ not to touch the exhibits.
A. will request B. request
C. are requesting D. are requested
5. —How long _________ at this job
—Since 1990.
A. were you employed
B. have you been employed
C. had you been employed
D. will you been employed
6. The silence of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the library ________ only by the sound of pages being turned over.
A. has been broken B. breaks
C. broke D. was broken
7. The mayor of Beijin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics
______ by 2006.
A. has been completed
B. has completed
C. will have been completed
D. will have completed
8. The first use ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power ______ increased
enormously ever since.
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
9. All the e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mployees except the manager ______ to work online at home.
A. encourages B. encourage
C. is encouraged D. are encouraged
10. More patients ______ in hospital this year than that year.
A. treated B. have treated
C. had been treated D. have been treated
11. —The window is dirty.
—I know. It ______ for weeks.
A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned
12. When Mark opened t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he door, he saw a woman standing there. He ____ her before.
A. never saw B. had never seen
C. never sees D. has never seen
13. I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard. ______
A. Has it all been finished B. Was it all finished
C. Has it all finished D. Did it all finish
14. —Why did you leave that position
— I _____ a better position at IBM.
A. offer B. offered
C. am offered D. was offered
15. Millions of poun ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ds’ worth of damage _______ by a storm which swept across the
north of England last night.
A. has been caused B. had been caused
C. will be caused D. will have been caused
Step V Summing up
Consolidation:
T: Boys and girl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s, today we have practised the useful words and phrases of this unit and the usage of the passive voice. I think it’s not easy for you to master them, after class you should review them. And I’ll give you a quiz on the passive voice.. The quiz is based on the testing evaluation in the Teachers’ Book in the form of a paper.
Step VI Homework
1. Practice of WB P85 Exx. 2 and 4.
2. Please find out ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 5 sentences with the passive voice in different tenses, and try to compare them.
The Fourth Period Listening
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
重点词汇和短语
flour, former, garlic, onion, peas, sausage, tradition
2. Ability goals能力目标
Enable the students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to listen and speak about carnivals and food at festivals to develop their higher-order thinking skills and to make them more flexible in their use of English.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the stude ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts learn how to get the specific information to understand the conversation about the carnivals in different places, to talk about the festivals they like best and to master the food eaten at festivals.
Teaching important points教学重点
Listen to the mater ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ial to get to know the characteristics of different carnivals and some specific information.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Listening skill directing, task-based activity and discussion.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A tape recorder, a blackboard && some slides.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
After checking ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the WB Exx 2,4, ask the students to give examples about the passive voice in different tenses and try to explain them.
T: Morning, everyone! ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )We talked about the passive voice yesterday. I will ask you to give several sentences as examples. Volunteers!
S1: Four books have been learned.
S2: The new school is being built.
S3: His leg was hurt yesterday.
S4: English is spoken all over the world.
S5: The project will be completed by the end of next month.
T: Good. Afte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r class you should go on to collect some sentences with passive voice of different kinds and try to understand them.
Step II Warming up
T: By the way, what’s the topic of this unit
Ss: Carnival
T: Would you like t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o know more about various carnivals all over the world
Ss: Of course.
T: OK. This clas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s we will listen to dialogues about various carnivals. First look at the four pictures in listening part to find out their characteristic.21cnjy.com
Step III Listening
T: I will play ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the tape for you. Please listen carefully and pay much attention to the important points and the pictures and then you are to match the names of the festivals with the photos.
Check the answer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with the whole class. The suggested answers are in the Teachers’ Book.
...
T: Now I’ll play the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tape again. Please complete the table. For this time you are to make notes in the table. For the third time, you should complete the table and then check them with your partners.
It is important ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to encourage the students to adapt their present knowledge and skill to a variety of situations wherever they can. Make sure to allow various expressions of the answers. Do not demand the same words from all students.
Play the tape twi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce first and check the answer with the whole class. Then let the students listen to the material a third time for them to get more information and at the same time correct their mistakes. This time teachers can show the listening text on the slide or not, which is up to the English level of the students.
Step IV Listening task
The purpose of this li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stening passage is to extend the knowledge of the festival. Students should be encouraged to understand there are common human deeds and desires that are met in different ways around the world. Teach them how to grasp the specific information.
T: There is about 1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )5 minutes left. Let’s come to Listening and Speaking on WORKBOOK. Turn to page 88 and look through the sentences of task 11 on page 89. At the same time predict the main idea of each conversation and then focus on them while listening.
Play the tape once first and check the answer with the whole class. Then let the students listen to the dialogue twice for them to get more information and at the same time correct the false sentences.
T: That’s ri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ght. I will play the tape for you. For the first time you should check the true sentences and for the second time you should correct the false sentences.
...
T: For the next two t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )imes you can do Ex12. You can make a brief note first and then complete the table, and then check.
For the fifth time ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )teachers can show the listening text on the slide or not, which is up to the English level of the students.
The suggested answers are in the Teachers’ Book.
Step V Summing up
Consolidation:
T: Today we ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve listened to passages about carnivals all over the world, enlarging our knowledge of festivals. You should pay attention to some Listening skills as follows.
1) Read the Questio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ns or the chart first to form the important points so that you can focus on them while listening.
2) Listen once and make notes beside the questions.
3) Listen again to fulfill or correct the notes.
4) Learn to pa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y great attention to what you are listening to and what you are to listen to; that’s to say, you must give up the past part, whether you have understand it or not, especially in the exam.
Step VI Homework
Collect the information about Chinese festivals and make a report.
Pay attention t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the food on page 35 and enlarge the vocabulary of food eaten at Chinese festivals.
The Fifth Period Extensive Reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
an internati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onal multicultural experience, take ... by force, hold their own carnival celebrations, bring good luck, abolish, take over, a celebration of freedom, join the fun
b. 重点句子
①With the passing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of time, the white inhabitants of the island began to take part in the carnival, too ... and they were welcomed by their former slaves.
②Carnival became a wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y to unite different communities, as people forgot their everyday problems and enjoyed themselves eating, drinking, and dancing.
③Cards are a go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )od way of keeping in touch with family and friends who live far away.
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the Ss to talk ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) about the development of carnival and get to know that people in different countries and in different times may celebrate similar festivals in different ways.
3. Learning ability goals学能目标
Help the Ss lear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n how to get more information about festivals all over the world by offering extra reading material.
Teaching important points教学重点
How to talk about the development of carnival.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Fast-reading and discussion.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A multiple-media computer & a blackboard.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
Check homework.
T: Last peri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )od we listened to some material about Carnivals in different places. Now I would like you to talk about the food and vegetables at Chinese festivals. Volunteer!
S1: At Spring Festival ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), we mainly eat a traditional food called Jiaozi, which is similar to the dumpling in western countries. There are a variety of Jiaozi in our country, and it’s made of flour and pork mixed with different kinds of vegetables. It not only tastes delicious but also looks pretty. I enjoy it very much.
S2: I prefer sweet du ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mplings called yuanxiao to jiaozi, and I’d like to eat all kinds of candy.
S3: At festivals I li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke vegetables best that contain lots of vitamins. It’s said that too much fat and sugar will do harm to our health.
S4: I agree wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h you. At festivals we usually have more fat than what we need, such as chicken, pork, beef and cookies. I think it’s a waste of money. Now, as the living conditions are getting better, we can eat what we want in everyday life, so I don’t like the food at festivals.
T: You all have done excellent jobs. Thank you for you opinions.
Step II Reading (1)
T: As we all kn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow, there are different kinds of carnivals around the world. Today we are going to read a passage, which is to introduce the development of carnival. Please look through the passage on page 39 and then answer the following questions:
1. What’s the meaning of carnival
2. How did carnival be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )come more colorful and more exciting after 1838
Five minutes for the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) students to read the passage and then two minutes for them to discuss the questions with their partners.
T: Time is up. Have yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u found the answers to the questions Who’d like to have a try
S5: In my pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rsonal opinion, the meaning of carnival today is a celebration of life itself.
T: Do you agree with him
Ss: Yes. But carnival had different meanings in different periods.
T: That’s true. Who would like to answer the other question
S6: Let me try. I thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nk when the slaves took over the carnival, they developed it in their own way so that it was quietly different from their former slave owners. As a result carnival changed a lot and became a celebration of freedom.
T: What you sa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id is quite right! Now please read the passage once more to underline the important sentences and phrases. At the same time, pay attention to the development of carnival.
Four minutes f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or the students to read the passage and then discuss some important sentences and phrases, dealing with some long and complex sentences.
1. an international multicultural experience;
2. take… by force;
3. hold their own carnival celebrations;
4. take over;
5. a celebration of freedom;
6. join the fun
7. With the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )passing of time, the white inhabitants of the island began to take part in the carnival, too ... and they were welcomed by their former slaves.
8. Carnival be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )came a way to unite different communities, as people forgot their everyday problems and enjoyed themselves eating, drinking, and dancing.
T: That’s all for the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) important phrases and sentences. Who’d like to talk about the development of carnival in this passage You can refer to your notes, with your books closed.
S7: Carnival ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )has something to do with the history of America and the meeting of European and African cultures. It was the white slave owners who first celebrated Carnival, who came from Europe where carnival began. When the slave trade was abolished, the former slaves took over the festival and made it more colorful and more exciting than ever. With the passing of time, the former slave owners began to take part in the carnival and were welcomed by their former slaves. Today, visitors from all over the world come to join the fun of carnival, which has become a celebration of life itself.
S8: Yes. I can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t agree with you more. The festival developed with the development of society. What you said is the very three steps of carnival’s development.
T: Both of you d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id quite well. Now let’s read one more passage about Christmas traditions.
Step III Reading (2)
T: Please turn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to page 87. First, look through the headlines of the passage, and then match the headlines with the paragraphs. Five minutes for you to read and match them. Take up your pens and underline the phrases and sentences that are important or hard to understand. Five minutes is given to the students for them to read and think. And then the teacher can check the answers with the whole class. This task is quite easy, so just checking the answers is enough. 21*cnjy*com
T: I think you have go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the general idea of the passage. Now please read the passage once more to choose the correct answers and answer the questions on page 88.
The exercises a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re based on the passage and quite easy, so the teacher can just check the answers with the whole class.
While dealing with t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he extensive reading material, teachers should pay attention to those long and complex sentences that are hard to understand. Guide the students to analyze them to get rid of the difficulty in reading and understanding.
Step IV Extra Reading
T: Boys and girls, what’s the topic of this module
Ss: Carnival. It’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a festival celebrated in different places in different ways.
T: That’s right. Wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld you like to know other festivals all over the world
Ss: We are curious about them.
T: Ok. Are there any similarities among them
Sa: I don’t think ther ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e are similarities. As we all know, the social customs are different from country to country.
Sb: I’m sorry, but I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can’t agree with you. I think some of the festivals must be similar in some way. After all, we are all human beings and live on one planate.
T: Both of you sou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd reasonable. So let’s read one more passage about festivals and celebrations. After reading it you will find the answer to my question. Now, please read through the passage and discuss the following questions:
1. How many typ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es festivals are mentioned in the passage What are they
2. Can you give an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )example of Chinese festivals belonging to each type of them
3. When did ancient people celebrate
4. What are festivals of the dead for
5. Why does India have a national festival on October 2 www.21-cn-jy.com
6. Why are autumn festivals happy events
7. What is one important reason to have festivals and celebrations
Show the passage on the screen.
Festivals and Celebrations
Ancient Festivals
Festivals and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere. The most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Other celebrations were held when hunters could catch animals. They would starve if food was difficult to find, so they celebrated when they had food. They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty.
Festivals of the Dead
Some festival ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s are held to honor the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. In Japan the festival is called Obon, when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead. It’s now the children’s festival, when they can go to their neighbors’ homes and ask for sweets. They dress up and try to frighten people. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick.
Festivals to Honor People
Festivals can be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )held as an honor to famous people or to the gods. One of these is the Dragon Boat Festival in China, which honors the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. Another is Columbus Day in the USA, in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in America. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain.
Harvest Festivals
Harvest and Thanks ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )giving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter, and because a season of agricultural work is over. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and people get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruit and vegetables, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. In China and Japan there are mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and give gifts of moon cakes.
Spring Festivals
The most energetic an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat, and may give children lucky money in red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the lunar New Year together. In some western countries there are very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. They might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colorful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival in Christian countries. It celebrates the return of Jesus for Christians and it also celebrates the coming of spring. In Japan, the Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.
People love to get ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.
Let the Ss discuss the questions and then show the suggested answers:
1. Five types festival ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s are mentioned in the passage. They are ancient festivals, festivals of the dead, festivals to honor people, harvest festivals and spring festivals.
2. Pure Brightness Da ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y belongs to festivals of the dead; Dragon Boat Festival belongs to festivals to honor people; Mid-Autumn Festival belongs to harvest festivals and the Lunar New Year belongs to spring festivals.
3. They celebrated at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the end of winter / when good weather returned / when they had a good harvest / when the hunters caught animals for food / when they had enough food / when they wanted a year of plenty.
4. They are to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )honour our ancestor / to make our ancestors happy so they won’t harm us / to satisfy our ancestors / to celebrate life in the presence of death.
5. To honour the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )memory of Mahatma Gandhi / to honour / remember the man who helped gain India’s independence from Britain.
6. People are grat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eful for the harvest / for the end of the agricultural work / the end of the hard work on the farms. People are happy that they will have food for the year.
7. To have a br ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eak from daily life, to celebrate our customs / our history / our heroes, to enjoy meeting family and friends, to eat special food, to have fun with each other, to make our community closer, to show that we are thankful.2-1-c-n-j-y
T: Read the text lou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dly for a second time and then try to tell if these sentences are True or False.
1. The ancie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt people needn’t worry about their food. ( )
2. Halloween used to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be a festival intended to honor the dead. ( )
3. Pure Brightness Da ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y in China is a festive of harvest. ( )
4. Mid-autumn Festi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )val is held to celebrate the end of autumn. ( )
5. Easter celebrates ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the birth of Jesus. ( )
The suggested answers: 1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F
Step V Summing up and homework
T: In this class we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have read three passages about festivals, two of which are about carnival and Christams and the last one is about festivals all over the world. All right, boys and girls, that’s all for today. Here is your homework:
Go over the texts ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )after class and try to preview Reading and writing task on page 38.
The Sixth Period Writing
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
whistle, dance (v.), atmosphere, chicken
b. 重点句子
It’s noisy and colorful.
Calypso is great — it’s exciting and relaxing at the same time.
They are really tasty.
I’ll let you know how it all ends!
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the stu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dents to use the information they have read to describe a Chinese festival including the same details.
3. Learning ability goals学能目标
Learn to identify co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mmon elements in most festivals to develop a description of these elements.
Teaching important points教学重点
Learn to describe a Chinese festival.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Discussion. Help ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the students write by themselves and then exchange in pairs to correct each other’s.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A multiple-media computer && a blackboard.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
Check the homework.
T: Hello, ever ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ybody! First I’d like to ask some of you to say at least three sentences about a festival you have learned. Any one is OK.
Ss: ...
Step II Speaking
T: Yesterday I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) asked you to preview Reading Task on page 38. Who would like to number the things in the order you read in the email.
S1: Let me t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry. 1. the atmosphere at the festival 2. the music 3. the food 4. what the writer’s doing 5. what the writer’s going to do
T: Ok. You did very ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )well. Please read the passage again and find out the adjectives used to describe the atmosphere, the music and the food.
S2: The atmosphere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is noisy and colorful; the music is great, exciting and relaxing and the food is good and really tasty.
T: Thank you. Now it’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s time for you to write an email from a Chinese festival. Make sure to include details of the three we talked just now. But I think you should work in pairs to discuss the three details and then write the email. Five minutes for you to talk.
Sa: Let’s talk about Lantern Festival, shall we
Sb: Ok. Lantern Festi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )val is held on the fifteenth day of the lunar month. On the night, many cities hold lantern fairs to display many differently shaped lanterns. In rural areas, the local people get together to set off fireworks, enjoying dragon lanterns and dancing the yangge and other folk dances.
Sa: Yes. There is diff ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erent folk music in the crowded streets, which is exciting and noisy. People walking on the streets get excited.【登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
New Year's Day
Like many pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ople all over the world, Americans enjoy celebrating the arrival of each new year. Almost everyone makes an occasion of New Year's Eve in order to see the old year out and welcome the new one. In New York, a favorite gathering place on December 31 is New York City's Times Square. Thousands of Americans and international tourists crowd this famous spot (at the intersection of Broadway and Seventh Avenue) and crane their necks to watch for "Happy New Year" to flash across the electronically controlled sign that moves around. When the moment arrives bedlam breaks forth. Bells ring, whistles blow, people cheer with their happy excitement. 21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有
The cheerful scene g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )oes one after another in public squares throughout the country, but not at the same moment. Because of the four time zones in the United States the New Year comes to the Central States one hour later, to the Mountain States two hours later, and finally to the Western States three hours after the Eastern States have said goodbye to another year. So by following the radio and television broadcasts everyone can enjoy the festivities in other parts of the country as well as their own.
Some people prefer to see the old year out at a church service. Although the holiday does not have religious origin, many churches hold "Watch Night" services on New Year's Eve. Those who go to churches can solemnly renew their dedication to God for the coming year.
The custom of visiting friends, relatives and neighbors is one of the popular activities on New Year’s Day. This activity is called Open House. The custom of Open House was inaugurated by George Washington during his first term as President. On January 1, 1789, President Washington first opened the doors of his official residence to all who wished to come. An Open House is just what the name implies: the front door is left open. Inside the door there is a spirit of relaxed cordiality, and guests are free to arrive and leave when they like. Invitations may say simply, "Drop in after the game" or "Come drink a New Year' s toast with us". On January 1, now, families hold "Open House" so that their friends can visit them throughout the day to express good wishes for the new year.
Many championship football games are scheduled for New Year’s Day, and there is usually an elaborate parade before each football game. Often, much of the day is spent watching these games on television.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 1 页 （共 2 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网(共57张PPT)
1. Introduction
2. New words
3. Fast Reading
4. Careful Reading
Contents
5. Post Reading
6. Language Points
New Year
…
Christmas
Father’s Day
Children’s Day
Mother’s Day
Dragon
Boat
Festival
Teachers’
Day
Spring Festival
May Day
Valentine’s Day
National Day
Mid-Autumn
Festival
What festivals do you know
Can you describe one of the Chinese festivals
Spring Festival
January 1
lantern 灯笼
firecracker 鞭炮
Christmas Day
December 25
reindeer 驯鹿
sleigh雪橇
Santa Claus 圣诞老人
How much do you know about the following western festivals
Christmas
Thanksgiving Day
the last Thursday of November
This is when Americans remember the hard times when they first arrived in the country.
turkey 火鸡
pumpkin pie 南瓜饼
Do you know anything about Thanksgiving Day
Holi 洒红节
February end or early March
This is a festival of color, which marks the beginning of spring in India.
colorful
This festival is at the end of October, when “ghosts” come out.
Halloween
October 31
frightened
costume
sweets
This is a Christian holiday in March or April when Christians remember the death of Christ and his return to life.
Easter Bunny
Easter eggs
Easter
around March 22---April 25
Look at the photo
and answer
the questions.
1. What is the person wearing
2. Have you ever dressed up in special clothes
3. When and why did you do it
4. What did you wear
5. How did you feel
wear special clothes
eat special food
give or receive gifts
have a holiday from school
take part in a traditional ceremony
dance and listen to music
enjoy yourself with friends or family
1. Can you say something about western festivals
2. Where does carnival originate from
3. How are they celebrated
Discussion
hide v. 隐藏, 掩盖
dress up 装扮，打扮
book v. 预订(房间、座位、票等)
wander v. 漫步, 闲逛
revive v. 复活, 再流行
come to an end 完结
elegant adj. 优美的，高雅的
Read the text quickly and complete its main idea.
Carnival began in Europe and was celebrated before the festival of ______. The most _______ carnival was in Venice.
Easter
famous
Choose the best answer according
to the text.
1. The first paragraph is mainly about
____.
A. the sounds of carnival
B. the sights of carnival
C. people’s impression of carnival
D. people’s preference for carnival
C
2. Carnival in Rio in the last paragraph is mentioned to stress ____.
A. the features of Rio carnival
B. the features of Venice carnival
C. the magic of masks
D. the fun of carnival
B
True (T) or False (F).
1. The government didn’t allow people to wear masks because it made more crimes unpunished.
2. According to the first law that limited the use of masks, men were not allowed to wear masks.
T
F
3. Masks were banned completely because of the rule of the Austrian empire.
4. Many Frenchmen and Englishmen come to enjoy Venice carnival.
T
T
Complete the sentences with the correct words and phrases.
1. Carnival originates from ____.
(a) South America
(b) North America
(c) Europe
(c)
2. It is celebrated ____.
(a) before Christmas
(b) between Christmas and Easter
(c) after Easter
3. At carnival people ____.
(a) don’t eat
(b) don’t eat meat
(c) eat and drink
(b)
(c)
4. The first carnival in Venice lasted for ____.
(a) one day
(b) five days
(c) forty days
5. In Venice people covered their ____.
(a) eyes
(b) faces
(c) hair
(a)
(b)
6. The government of Venice ____ the wearing of masks.
(a) encouraged
(b) limited
(c) stopped
(b)
7. The original Venice carnival came to an end about ____ years ago.
(a) 500
(b) 200
(c) 30
8. The idea to start the carnival again came from ____.
(a) tourists
(b) students
(c) the government
(b)
(b)
Match the words in the box with their meanings.
1. a situation where things do not seem well organized
2. When you feel this, your heart beats fast.
atmosphere confusion costume crowd excitement magic mask mystery tradition
confusion
excitement
3. If you wear this, it hides your face and your feelings.
4. something you can’t explain
5. a power which doesn’t seem to be natural
6. special clothes
7. lots of people in the same place
mask
mystery
magic
costume
crowd
8. a way of doing things passed on from generation to generation
9. the air you breathe, but also the feeling a place gives you
tradition
atmosphere
1. If you dress up, you put on_____. A. special clothes B. lots of clothes
2. If you extend something, you make it ____. A. longer B. shorter
Choose the correct meanings of the words and phrases.
3. If you pretend to do something, you ____. A. try to do it B. behave as if you were doing it
4. When a crime is unpunished, the criminal ____. A. has been caught B. hasn’t been caught
5. Firearms are _____. A. guns B. fireworks
6. If something is banned, you are ____ to do it. A. allowed B. not allowed
7. If you revive something, you ____. A. kill it B. bring it back to life
8. If you are wandering, you are ____ in a particular direction. A. going B. not going
Fill in the blanks.
At the beginning of the carnival in Venice, ordinary people wearing masks could pretend to be 1. ________________, while famous people could have romantic adventures 2. ________. When the government realized that wearing masks had become a problem, they used laws to limit it until in 3. ____________.
rich and important
in secret
the late 1970s
Today, when you wander through the streets, you can see thousands of masks — 4. _______ or frightening, sad or 5. ________, traditional or modern, but you have no idea what the faces behind them 6. ________.
elegant
amusing
look like
1. Think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion.
think of 想出, 想起, 考虑
e.g. I’ve been thinking of changing my job.
我正考虑换工作。
The picture made me think of my
past.
这幅图画使我想了过去。
2. As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended.
extend 延伸
e.g. They extended the subway to the
suburbs.
他们把地铁延伸到郊区。
This road extends to the port.
这条道路一直延伸到港口。
3. For weeks on end people walked round the streets wearing masks.
on end 连续, 竖起
e.g. She waited outside for hours on end.
她连续在外面等了好几个小时。
The scene set my hair on end.
这个场面使我毛骨悚然。
拓展：end词组
end up with 以……告终，结束
end in 结果
come to an end 结束，平息
put an end to 结束，制止
4. Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important…
pretend v. 假装
e.g. He didn’t want to go to school, so he
pretended illness.
他不想上学，于是装病。
He pretended to be dead when he
met a bear.
当他遇到熊时，他装死。
5. Their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.
date back to 追溯到(时间往回推)
e.g. This church dates back to 1173. 这所教堂可以追溯到在1173年。
date from 始于...... (从何时起)
e.g. This kind of music dates from the
18th century. 这种音乐可追溯到18世纪。
Fill in the blanks.
1. The room was in _________ (混乱) after the birthday party.
2. My garden _______ (延伸) as far as the eye could see.
3. Before August, all the rooms in this hotel were ______ (预定) by the guests.
confusion
extends
booked
4. I like my clothes to be simple, but
e_____.
5. I’ve spent the whole day w________
aimlessly around the streets.
6. The ship’s doctor tried to give them the
kiss of life but they could not be r______.
legant
andering
evived
Fill in the blanks by using the words in the box.
mean pretend punish come off take off allow
Such a serious crime must not go
__________.
2. I don’t _______ to know as much as he does about it.
unpunished
pretend
3. You are not _______ to smoke in the hall.
4. It’s warm in this room. You’d better _______ your coat.
5. Giving up ______ you will never succeed.
take off
means
allowed
Translate the following sentences.
1. 人们正在为即将到来的狂欢节做准备。(prepare for)
2. 天气预报说一连好几天都要下雨。(on end)
People are preparing for the coming Carnival.
The weather report says it will be raining for days on end.
3. 这次决策的失误意味着给公司带来一
百万美元的损失。(mean)
4. 这些食品有益于孩子们的成长。(be
good for)
The mistake in decision means bringing about a loss of $1,000,000 to the company.
The food is good for the growth of children.
5. 人类应该把动物看作是自己的朋友。
(see ... as)
6. 我弟弟假装没有听懂我的话。(pretend)
Human beings should see animals as their friends.
My younger brother pretended not to have got what I had said.
7. 我想出了一个解决这个问题的方法。
I’ve thought of a way to solve the problem.
8. 大雨连续下了四天。
It rained heavily for four days on end.
9. 随着时间的推移,他变得越来越明智。
As time goes by, he becomes wiser and
wiser.
10. 听到这个坏消息，她吃惊地看着他。
Hearing the bad news, she looked at
him in surprise.
分析下列句子，并补全所缺内容。
1. In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. (P32)
【句意】狂欢节起源于欧洲，在那里，狂欢节过后会有四十天不食肉的日子，人们在这段日子里，为迎接基督教的节日——复活节——做准备。
【分析】
①本句是主从复合句；
②主句是“主语（carnival）+谓语（was followed）”结构；
③where引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰________；
④as引导的是_________从句。
Europe
时间状语
2. Finally, when Venice became part of the Austrian empire, at the end of the eighteenth century, masks were banned completely, and carnival became just a memory. (P33)
【句意】最后，在18世纪末，当威尼斯成为奥地利帝国的一部分时，面具被完全禁止了，狂欢节成为记忆。
【分析】
①本句是主从复合句；
②主句由and连接的两个并列分句masks were banned completely和carnival became just a memory构成；
③when引导________从句；
④at the end of the eighteenth century为时间状语。
时间状语
Do exercises 3-5 on page 86.(共30张PPT)
Read the email on page 38 and number these things in the order you read them.
___ what the writer’s doing
___ the atmosphere at the festival
___ the food
___ what the writer’s going to do
___ the music
4
1
3
5
2
Underlined the adjectives used to describe:
1. the atmosphere:
noisy, colorful
2. the music:
great, exiting, relaxing
3. the food:
good, tasty
1. What do you remember about carnival
2. Where did it start first
Paragraph 1
What is carnival today
It is an international, multicultural,
experience.
We can understand what carnival is all about by reading the history of American and the meeting of two cultures.
Answer the following questions.
1) What marked the beginning of the slave trade
The arrival of Europeans in America and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton, fruit and vegetables, meant there was an immediate need for people to work on them.
Paragraph 2
2) Where did the slaves come from
They came from their homes in Africa
The slave trade brought millions of black people to the new world.
Paragraph 3
1) How did the Europeans celebrate carnival
They celebrated carnival with food, drink and masked dances.
2) How did the slaves hold their celebrations
They painted their faces white, imitating their masters and making fun of them.
The slaves were forced to watch their European masters to celebrate carnival and then they began to hold carnival with their own features.
Paragraph 4
1) When did the carnival become more colorful
After 1838 when the former slaves took over the carnival.
2) What did carnival become then
A celebration of freedom.
Carnival became a celebration of freedom.
Paragraph 5
1) What did the white inhabitants do
They began to take part in the carnival, too.
2) What were people like at carnivals
They forgot their everyday problems and enjoyed themselves eating, drinking and dancing.
As time went on, carnival became a way of uniting different communities and now it has become a celebration of life itself.
Read the text (P39) carefully and fill in
the blanks.
The development of carnival
After Europeans arrived in America and opened huge farms and 1. ___________, millions of people were taken by force from Africa to America as slaves. The slaves were forced to watch when their masters celebrated carnival.
plantations
The slaves began to hold their own carnival celebrations and they were continuing their own African traditions.
When the slave trade was 2. _________ in 1838, carnival became more 3. _________ and more exciting.
abolished
colourful
The white inhabitants took part in the carnival and it became a way to 4. _________________________.
Visitors from all over the world join in the carnival and it has become a celebration of life itself.
unite different communities
1. This marked the beginning of the slave trade.
mark n. 记号，标志
e.g. He made marks with a pencil.
他用铅笔做了记号。
v. 为…作标记，标志着
e.g. Mark the place on the map.
在地图上标出那个地方。
2. Millions of people were taken by force from their homes in Africa.
force n. 势力, 力量，武力
by force 用暴力; 强迫地
e.g. You must use force to open that bottle.
你必须用力打开那个瓶子。
v. 强制，迫使
e.g. He was forced to do so.
他被迫这样做。
3. When the slave trade was abolished in 1838 the former slaves took over the carnival.
abolish v. 废除，废止
e.g. Bad customs should be abolished.
坏的风俗应当废除。
take over 接收, 接管
e.g. He will take over the business after his
father retires.
他将在父亲退休之后接管生意。
I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。
1. The young servant is waiting for his m____ to have dinner.
2. These m_________ palaces impressed the foreigners deeply.
master
magnificent
3. Everyone wants to have enough f_______, but at the same time they have to obey certain laws.
4. Tom’s health broke down from overwork on the cotton _________ (庄园).
5. China does a lot of _____ (贸易) with many other countries.
freedom
plantation
trade
II. 根据括号内所给的汉语提示完成下列
句子, 每空一词。
1. Large numbers of fruits ___ _________ __ (被运往) the south by rail.
2. Most products in that supermarket
___ ________ ____ _____ (从日本进口).
3. The manager of the company has agreed to ____ ___ ___ ___________ (合并那两个部门).
are transported
to
are imported from Japan
unite the two departments
4. Stop ______ ___ __ (取笑) others, or you will never make a friend.
5. I wish this card will _____ ___ ____ _____ (给你带来好运).
6. The invention of the computer
______ ___ ________ __ _ ____ ___ (标志着一个新时代的开始).
making fun of
bring you good
luck
marked the beginning of a new era
7. He ____ ____ (接管) the company from his father after he graduated.
8. Slavery ___ ________ (被废除) in the US in the 19th century.
took over
was abolished
You are organizing a carnival to celebrate Chinese New Year. Make a list of:
when and where the costumes
the decorations the food
the music special customs登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
被动语态用法
请观察下列4组句子，注意归纳被动语态的用法特征。
1. A. As everybody knows, history is made by the people.【出处：21教育名师】
B. The 29th Olympics was held in Beijing on August 8, 2008.2-1-c-n-j-y
C. You won’t be allowed to take so much luggage with you.【版权所有：21教育】
D. I thought thousands of people would be helped.
E. A new railway is being built now in my hometown.www-2-1-cnjy-com
F. The roads were being widened when I passed by.
G. His novel has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) been translated into 10 languages since he finished it.
H. The car had been repaired when I arrived at the garage.2·1·c·n·j·y
I. Sometimes bad things can be turned into good things.21教育名师原创作品
2. A. The students ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e made to do their homework after class by the teacher.
B. She was heard to move about in her room upstairs last night.
3. A. She was given some money by her father yesterday. 21*cnjy*com
B. A ticket was shown to me by him.
4. A. The sick ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n is being taken care of by the nurse in the hospital.
B. The fire had been put out before the firefighters arrived.www.21-cn-jy.com
[总结归纳]
从以上第1组例句中，我们可以归纳总结出各种时态的被动语态及带情态动词的被动结构的构成形式：
☆ 一般现在时：am / is / are + done
☆ 一般过去时：was / were + done
☆ 一般将来时：will / shall + be + done
☆ 过去将来时：would + be + done
☆ 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done
☆ 过去进行时：was / were + being + done
☆ 现在完成时：have / has + been + done
☆ 过去完成时：had + been + done
☆ 情态动词：情态动词 + be + done
从以上第2组例句中，我们可以归纳总结出：
☆ 在主动语态中，使役动词或感 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )官动词后作宾补的不定式省略to，但是当变为被动语态时须加上to。这类动词常见的有make, let, have, see, hear, watch, feel, notice 等。21教育网
从以上第3组例句中，我们可以归纳总结出：
☆ 含有双宾语的句子，直接 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )宾语和间接宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，但多用间接宾语作主语。常见的动词有buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell 等。21cnjy.com
从以上第4组例句中，我们可以归纳总结出：
☆ 一些短语用于被动语态时，短语应当看 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。常见的短语有look after, listen to, look at, pay attention to, take care of, look forward to, make use of, put out, carry out等。21·cn·jy·com
[即学即练] 根据括号内所给的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. These children ____________ (将受到很好的照料) in the kindergarten.
2. The classroom ____________ (由学生们打扫) every day. 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
3. The problem ____________ (正在被讨论) in the meeting room.
4. Several soldiers ____________ (已经被杀害) in the conflict.
5. She found the house ____________ (已经被暴风雨摧毁).
6. His work __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________ (被中断) for a time during the First World War.
7. The books in the reading room ____________ (绝不能被带出).
8. ____________ (他被注意到) steal the woman’s necklace.21世纪教育网版权所有
Key:
1. will be taken good care of
2. is cleaned by the students 3. is being discussed21·世纪*教育网
4. have been killed 5. had been destroyed by the storm【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
6. was stopped 7. mustn’t be taken out
8. He was noticed to
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April Fool's Day ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )
In sixteenth-century France, the start of the new year was observed on April first. It
was celebrated i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )n much the same way as it is today with parties and dancing into the late hours of the night. Then in 1562, Pope Gregory introduced a new calendar for the Christian world, and the new year fell on January first. There were some people, however, who hadn't heard or didn't believe the change in the date, so they continued to celebrate New Year's Day on April first. Others played tricks on them and called them "April fools." They sent them on a "fool's errand" or tried to make them believe that something false was true. In France today, April first is called "Poisson d'Avril." French children fool their friends by taping a paper fish to their friends' backs. When the "young fool" discovers this trick, the prankster yells "Poisson d’Avril!" (April Fish!)
Today Americans play small tricks on friends and strangers alike on the first of April. One common trick on April Fool's Day, or All Fool's Day, is pointing down to a friend's shoe and saying, "Your shoelace is untied." Teachers in the nineteenth century used to say to pupils, "Look! A flock of geese!" and point up. School children might tell a classmate that school has been canceled. Whatever the trick, if the innocent victim falls for the joke the prankster yells, "April Fool! "
The "fools' errands" we play on people are practical jokes. Putting salt in the sugar bowl for the next person is not a nice trick to play on a stranger. College students set their clocks an hour behind, so their roommates show up to the wrong class - or not at all. Some practical jokes are kept up the whole day before the victim realizes what day it is. Most April Fool jokes are in good fun and not meant to harm anyone. The most clever April Fool joke is the one where everyone laughs, especially the person upon whom the joke is played.
"The first of April is the day we remember what we are the other 364 days of the year. "
- American humorist Mark Twain
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感恩节
每年11月的第四个星期四(the fourt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )h Thursday in November)是美国的感恩节(Thanksgiving Day)。感恩节是美国人民独创的一个古老节日，也是美国人合家欢聚的节日，因此美国人提起感恩节总是倍感亲切。 21世纪教育网版权所有
感恩节的由来要一直追溯到美国历史(A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )merican history)的发端。1620年，著名的"五月花(the Mayflower)"号船满载不堪忍受英国国内宗教迫害的清教徒(the pilgrims)102人到达美洲(America)。1620年和1621年之交的冬天，他们遇到了难以想象的困难，处在饥寒交迫之中，冬天过去时，活下来的移民(settlers)只有50多人。这时，心地善良的印第安人(the Indians)给移民送来了生活必需品，还特地派人教他们怎样狩猎、捕鱼和种植玉米、南瓜。在印第安人的帮助下，移民们终于获得了丰收，在欢庆丰收的日子，按照宗教传统习俗，移民规定了感谢上帝的日子，并决定为感谢印第安人的真诚帮助，邀请他们一同庆祝节日。
在第一个感恩节的第一天， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )印第安人和移民欢聚一堂，他们在黎明时鸣放礼炮，列队走进一间用作教堂的屋子，虔诚地向上帝表达谢意，然后点起篝火举行盛大宴会。第二天和第三天又举行了摔跤、赛跑、唱歌、跳舞等活动。第一个感恩节非常成功。其中许多庆祝方式流传了300多年，一直保留到今天。 最初感恩节没有固定日期，由各州临时决定，直到美国独立后，感恩节才成为全国性的节日。 1863年，林肯总统(President Lincoln)把感恩节定为法定假日。到1941年， 美国国会(Congress of the United States)通过一项法令，把感恩节定在每年十一月的第四个星期四。 21cnjy.com21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有
每逢感恩节这一天，美国举 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )国上下热闹非凡，人们按照习俗前往教堂(church)做感恩祈祷，城乡市镇到处都有化装游行、戏剧表演或体育比赛等。分开了一年的亲人们也会从天南海北归来，一家人团团圆圆，品尝美味的感恩节火鸡。 感恩节的食品富有传统特色。其中最吸引人的大菜是烤火鸡(roast turkey)和南瓜馅饼(pumpkin pie)。烤火鸡是感恩节的传统主菜，通常是把火鸡肚子里塞上各种调料和拌好的食品，然后整只烤出，由男主人用刀切成薄片分给大家。火鸡在烘烤时要以面包作填料以吸收从中流出来的美味汁液，但烹饪技艺常因家庭和地区的不同而各异，应用什么填料也就很难求得一致。此外，人们在餐桌上还可以吃到苹果(apple)、桔子(orange)、栗子(chestnut)、胡桃(walnut)和葡萄(grape),以及碎肉馅饼(mince pie)、小红莓酱(cranberry sauce)等。 21教育网21教育网
感恩节宴会(Thanksgiving ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) dinner)后，人们有时会做些传统游戏，比如南瓜赛跑是比赛者用一把小勺推着南瓜跑，规则是不能用手碰南瓜，先到终点者获胜。比赛用的勺子越小，游戏就越有意思。多少年来，庆祝感恩节的习俗代代相传，无论在岩石嶙峋的西海岸(West Coast)，还是在风光旖旎的夏威夷(Hawaii)，人们几乎在以同样的方式欢度感恩节，感恩节是不论何种信仰、何种民族的美国人都庆祝的传统节日。
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The International Mango Festival
语篇导读： 国际芒果节是印度德里盛大的节日 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )，在这一天人们既可以观赏各类文娱节目，还可以随意品尝新鲜美味的芒果。21世纪教育网版权所有21教育网
Summers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )and mangoes go hand in hand as mangoes make our hot and uncomfortable summers extremely juicy and tasty. One of Delhi’s most popular events is the International Mango Festival which celebrates everything about the king of all tropical fruits, ‘Mango. ’The International Mango Festival is held every year at the Delhi Haat Pitampura in Delhi. Hosted by Delhi Tourism and the Delhi Government, this festival aims to show the specialities of mangoes from different states of India. Many other mango festivals are also held across India during the same time.21教育网21cnjy.com21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有
The Internation ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )al Mango Festival in Delhi features a series of entertainment events and activities related to mangoes, like mango eating competitions, quizzes, children’s shows, mango folk performances, and mango tasting. An interactive stage is offered to both the mango growers and eaters to share knowledge.
One gets to taste ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) over 1100 varieties of mangoes and some rare kinds of the fruit. Some of the traditional and exceptional mango varieties are Langda, Dasheri, Alphonso, Fasli, Bombay Green, Chausa, Sindheri, and many more hybrid species (杂交品种) of the fruit. The Delhi International Mango Festival is one opportunity to taste them all for free and enjoy the wonderful experience.21cnjy.com21世纪教育网版权所有
The Delhi Internatio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )nal Mango Festival also sells processed mango items, including products like jam, mango juice, and jelly. One can also buy mango plants. The festival encourages trading of the fruit and has buyers from all over the world.
Coming to the fe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )stival and completely joining in the cool mango carnival will be an unforgettable and impressive experience for you.
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巴西狂欢节
最早的巴西狂欢节开始于1641年， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )当时的殖民统治者为了庆祝葡萄牙国王的寿辰，法令民众游行、舞蹈、畅饮娱乐。经过300多年的发展，巴西狂欢节成了民间最重要的节日，灿烂的阳光、缤纷的华服、火辣的桑巴舞以及洋溢在男女老少脸上的笑容，构成了一幅浓郁的民俗风情画。 21cnjy.com21世纪教育网版权所有
在狂欢节的游行队伍里，不分贫穷和 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )富有，不分尊贵或卑贱，从白天跳到黑夜，快乐可以传染，不满得以宣泄。狂欢节期间，数不清的罗曼史在发生，点亮人们平庸的日常生活。你有权期待浪漫，期待激情，你有权发泄不满，表达抗议，一切都那么爽，于是你笑了。环顾四周，载歌载舞的游行队伍中，桑巴舞小姐多么美，阳光多么好，开心最重要。 里约热内卢每年的狂欢王、狂欢后及狂欢公主都是经过评选产生的。他们都是在各种桑巴舞表演中担任过领舞的桑巴能手，狂欢王的体重还必须在130公斤以上。今年的狂欢王阿莱士年龄28岁，体重170公斤，已经连续3年获此殊荣，狂欢后和狂欢公主也都是巴西人非常熟悉的桑巴舞小姐。他们在今年狂欢节期间每天都要参加多场桑巴舞表演。
规模盛大的桑巴舞游行中，一辆辆 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )车身长达10米的彩车打头阵，车上装着高音喇叭，车顶上七八名鼓手敲出震耳欲聋的欢乐鼓点，歌手引吭高歌，桑巴舞小姐高高在上，扭动腰肢，跳着欢快的桑巴舞。成千上万的人簇拥在彩车前后，一边和歌手一起歌唱，一边随着节奏跳着桑巴舞。 2·1·c·n·j·y
由于沿途不断有人加入 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )，游行队伍越来越长。人们极尽想象，把自己打扮得千奇百怪，以吸引路人的眼光，参加游行的人有年过花甲的老人，有坐在父亲肩头的儿童。男男女女，老老少少，人人都在唱，个个都在跳。烈日炎炎，气温高达32摄氏度，虽然人人脸上都淌着汗水，但个个脸上都挂着笑容。
大家都奇装异服，要引人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )注目，只有走极端。电视女演员安吉拉·比兹玛克在身体上涂满了巴西国旗的颜色，赤裸全身，随着游行队伍尽情欢跳，警察实在看不过眼，一定要她穿上点什么，否则就以"侮辱国旗"为由拘禁她。但是在电视采访中，安吉拉辩驳说："这是表达对国家的尊敬。" 21教育网21cnjy.com
里约热内卢的海滩，随处可见上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )身赤裸的女性，以至于游客也开始脱衣服。而在游行的桑巴舞彩车上，桑巴舞模特或赤裸上身，或只穿比基尼，在车顶忘情欢跳。 www.21-cn-jy.com21·cn·jy·com21世纪教育网版权所有21教育网21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有
游行是表达政见的好机会，尽管此 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )届狂欢节的主题极力弘扬爱国主义，但是，还是有彩车被装点上了土著印地安人、拿枪的葡萄牙"入侵者"，以及运奴船，以抗议殖民历史，还有人举起牌子，抗议1964年至1985年巴西军政府的专制统治。
但并不是什么都可以的，全身赤裸、诋毁宗教 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )被普遍认为不合适，这些行为，一般会遭到警察的立即制止。 21世纪教育网版权所有www.21-cn-jy.com21教育网21cnjy.com
狂欢节中，警察是惟一笑不起来的人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )。狂欢节的头两天，交通流量大增，许多内地人开车前往里约热内卢等海滨城市旅游观光，圣保罗等大城市的人们又纷纷开车前往内地探亲度假。巴西全国发生车祸1065起，造成72人死亡，551人受伤。大部分交通事故发生在白天和天气良好的情况下，多数车祸原因是司机酒后驾车和超速行驶。 21·cn·jy·com21教育网21cnjy.com21世纪教育网版权所有21教育网21教育网
在游行队伍气氛处于高潮时，毒品 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )交易比平时高出一倍。狂欢节期间，大量的风流韵事发生，巴西警察毫不忌讳地提醒人们注意预防艾滋病。 此次巴西狂欢节吸引的游客创下了历史纪录，仅里约热内卢一地，就有31万多名游客。国家旅游局的官员恩伯塔估计，仅4天假期，巴西咖啡商做成了12亿美元的生意。出租车生意出奇地好。热心的组织者为了让游人尽兴，特地为外地游客开设了跳桑巴舞的速成班，好让他们也能边舞边乐，体会桑巴风情。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 2 页 （共 2 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
法国节日
1月6日：帝王节。在糕点铺内，人们纷纷购买甜 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )饼，这种甜饼内含有一种叫蚕豆的小东西。家中最小的成员，把眼睛蒙上，将甜饼分给大家：这是ＪＥＡＮＥ姑姑的，这是爸爸的，这是ＤＥＳＰＯＹＥＳ先生的。。。“每人吃甜饼时都避免咬到蚕豆。吃到蚕豆的人将封为国王（皇后），并挑选他的皇后（国王）。全家人或朋友们举杯高颂：“国王干杯，皇后干杯。”21世纪教育网版权所有
2月2日：圣蜡节，这是一个宗教 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )及美食的双重节日。这一天，家家都做鸡蛋薄饼，鸡蛋饼煎得又薄又黄，向太阳似的金黄色。它飘起来后，孩子们注视着它，如果它直接落在谁的口里该多好呀！www.21-cn-jy.com21教育网21教育网
4月1日：愚人节。可以说几乎任何事都是允许的！孩子甚至是大人都会参与愚人节。
5月1日：劳动节和铃兰花节。巴黎的大街小巷，甚至是地铁站内都充满了花香。
有卖铃兰花的小商贩。人们买花给自家 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )用，也为了送朋友或在衣服上缀上一小朵。
时值春季，天气晴朗，人们多往乡村散步，野餐，垂钓，打地球。明天又要重温工厂，办公室学校的老一套2·1·c·n·j·y21·cn·jy·com21cnjy.com21世纪教育网版权所有
6月21日：
法国全民音乐节
每年的6月21日是法国宣布夏 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )季开始的日子，法国前文化部长贾克朗决定在这一天举办全民音乐节，这一习惯也就延习下来。每年6月21日，从晚上8：00到第二天凌晨2：00，所有专业、业余、半专业或半业余的音乐团体走上街头，向公众演出。古典的、现代的、严肃的、流行的均粉墨登场，煞是热闹。那天我们是晚上10：00出门的，在往常这个时候地铁里已没多少人了，而那天却人满为患，并以年轻人居多，三个一群，五个一伙，一看就知道是上街凑热闹的。在塞纳河边我们正巧赶上了激昂的流行音乐大游行，尽情尽兴地狂歌劲舞了一番，结果最后只得与许多法国青年一样在MONTPAMASSE火车站露宿了一夜---地铁已经收班。21教育网21cnjy.com21·cn·jy·com21教育网21教育网21世纪教育网版权所有21世纪教育网版权所有
每年9月的第三个周末：法国历史文化遗产日
历史文化遗产日活动是法国一项全国性的大型文化 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )活动。法国政府于每年九月的第三个周末向公众免费开放文化古迹、历史建筑和国家行政机构，以便于公众进一步了解法兰西民族的文化遗产，增强民族遗产意识，从而弘扬民族文化，保持法国悠久的文化传统。这项活动于1984年首次举办。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
在遗产日期间，法国总统府、总理府、国民议会 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )、外交部、国宾馆、巴黎市政厅等这些平时百姓不能涉足的地方免费对公众开放。这些地方都是远古时期遗留下来的著名建筑，内部也布置得金碧辉煌且收藏有许多世界名画。届时，来自世界各地的游客和法国人早早地来到总统府门前加入到了排队参观的行列。一般要经过5个多小时的艰苦等待方得以如愿，参观时间也就20分钟，许多人出得门来不禁大喊辛苦。21·世纪*教育网21世纪教育网版权所有www.21-cn-jy.com21·cn·jy·com
7月14日：法国国庆节
7月14日是法国国庆节，每年都要在从凯旋门到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )协和广场的香榭里舍大道上举行盛大而隆重的阅兵典礼。仪式10：00开始，鬼佬们却告诉我们7：00以前就要去占地方。想来平时巴黎的街道上总是人烟稀少，也就不以为意。结果8：00左右到达目的地，却再也找不着好地方了。整个5公里长的道路两旁里三层外三层地站满了人，直纳闷平时冷清的巴黎也有如此人山人海的时候。再到后来，不仅路旁的长条椅上站满了人，路边的垃圾筒也成了强手货，几乎每个垃圾筒上都站着一个人。有许多商贩不失时机地推销一种类似潜望镜的东西，可以举过头顶，通过反光原理来观看仪仗队伍，虽价格不薄，也销路极佳。
9月28日是法国的BRADERIE节，俗称破烂节。
任何人都可以把家中的旧货拿出来 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )兜售，不用上税费。那一天尚贝里是个雨天，却丝毫没有减少大家的兴致。不仅全城的人都出动了，甚至还吸引了附近市镇的居民开着大车小车来参加。市中心、城里所有的街道、广场摊连摊、人挤人，热闹非凡。旧货的种类繁多，样式千奇百怪。 衣物鞋帽、书籍、旧包、玩具、家用电器、灯饰、厨具、CD、磁带、胶带唱片、油画、自行车、徽标、海报、首饰、家具等等。反正是你想得到的， 想不到的都能在那里找到。法国人真是什么都敢卖， 洋娃娃缺只胳膊、衣服没有扣子、自行车少了坐板......照卖不误!
法国的大假于8月31日开始。尽管政府的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )多方努力，几乎所有的法国人都在同一时间休假。许多工厂歇业，大批商店关门。21·cn·jy·comwww.21-cn-jy.com
11月１日。是冥节。
在陵园，墓地被菊花点缀。尽管墓地的沉痛气氛，小学生为本年假期的头一日而欣喜若狂。
11月25日，是圣－喀德琳节，是个地道的巴黎地方节日。
25岁尚未婚嫁的年轻姑娘们梳妆成圣－喀德琳。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )这些庆祝圣－喀德琳节的姑娘在位于与其同名的大街上的圣女雕像前献花圈。这一天做了许多黄色和绿色的小帽子，一个比一个新颖。在大的女装店内，人们跳舞，喝香宾。喀德琳是当日的女皇。21cnjy.com2·1·c·n·j·y21世纪教育网版权所有21cnjy.com21世纪教育网版权所有21教育网
12月25日：圣诞节。这可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )称为节中节，她是严冬里的光芒，为人们带来欢乐。
星星，雪花，松树，礼品，铃铛组成图画。孩子们清扫烟筒，找出他们最大号的鞋，圣诞老人上路了。。。。。
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