2024届高考英语复习—— 非谓语动词之动词 ing学案（含答案）

2024届高考高三英语复习—— 非谓语动词之动词 ing
1. 三年真题动词 ing 考点细目表
时间 卷次 语法填空/短文改错/单项选择
2023 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空:wanting 作主语补足语
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: visiting 作定语
全国甲卷 语法填空:borrowing 作状语 短文改错： /
全国乙卷 语法填空: Having visited； 作状语 Recording 作宾语 短文改错： /
北京卷 语法填空: facing 作后置定语
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: / (6 月)语法填空: /
天津卷 单项选择： /
2022 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空: Covering 作状语
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: falling 作定语
全国甲卷 语法填空: planning 作状语 短文改错： stay→staying 作宾语
全国乙卷 语法填空: inviting 作状语 短文改错： cause 改为 causing 与 be 动词构成进行时 态
北京卷 语法填空: /
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: / (6 月)语法填空: /
天津卷 单项选择： allowing 作状语
2021 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空: aching 作定语
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: thinking 作状语
全国甲卷 语法填空: spending 作宾语 短文改错： /
全国乙卷 语法填空: visiting 作宾语 短文改错： /
北京卷 语法填空: resulting 作状语
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: living 作定语 (6 月)语法填空:/
天津卷 （第一次） 单项选择: extending 作定语 （第二次）单项选择:/
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近 3 年对于动词 ing 主要考查：
1 ．动词 ing 作的句法功能（主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补）；
2 ．动词 ing 的一些固定搭配、固定句型；
3. 动词 ing 的各种形式及其意义。
【备考策略】
1. 系统归类动词 ing 的用法;
2. 熟练掌握动词 ing 的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是动词 ing 的一些固定搭配和固定句型。
【命题预测】
预测 2024 年高考语法填空和短文改错对动词 ing 考查仍然会成为的热点、重点和难点，尤其是考查动
词 ing 一些固定搭配和固定句型； V-ing 与 V-ed 的辨析仍然是考查重点。
(
动词
ing
基本概念
)
1）非谓语动词是具有动词的特征，因此它有时态的变化、语态的变化，各种形式具有自己的意义。
动词 ing 的各种形式
非谓语动词 主动语态 被动语态 意义
现在分词/动名 词 一般式 doing being done 其表示的动作与句中谓 语动词的动作同时发生， 或几乎上同时发生
完成式 having done having been done 其表示的动作先于句中 谓语动词的动作发生
2）非谓语动词的句法功能：
功能 形式 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语
不定式 v v v v v v
V-ing v v v v v v
V-ed v v v v
3 ）动词 ing 的基本意义
现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生；
现在分词的完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前；
Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.
在街上走着，他听到有人叫他。
Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
我们几乎花光了所有的钱，没有钱住宾馆了。
现在分词的主动形式表示逻辑主语是现在分词动作的执行者；
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
由于不知道她的住址，我们无法和她取得联系。
Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate
among citizens.
近来， 一个把两家不同超市里的相同商品的价格做比较的调查引发了市民的激烈讨论。
现在分词的被动形式表示逻辑主语是现在分词动作的承受者；
The area being studied is called an archeological site.
正在被研究的那个地方被称作考古地。
Having been asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
那天晚上我因被要求加班而错过了一场好看的电影。
The houses being built are for the teachers.
正在建的那些房子是给老师们的。
4 ）V-ing 形式的逻辑主语
1. 如果作主语的-ing 形式需要自己的逻辑主语时， 一般用物主代词或名词所有格(即名词后加"s)。
His father's falling ill worried him greatly.他父亲生病使他很着急。 ( his father 是 falling ill 的逻辑主语)
Your coming to work with us will be a great encouragement.你来和我们]一道工作， 对我们是很大的鼓舞。(your
是 coming to work with 的逻辑主语)
2. -ing 形式作宾语时，其逻辑主语常是句子中的主语。如要明确动作的执行者，也可以在 ing 形式前加上
名词或代词表示逻辑主语。
I can't imagine John's giving a speech in front of so many 我不能想像约翰会在这么多人前面发言。(John 是
giving a speech 的逻辑主语)
The boss understood him/his wanting to leave. 都板明白他为什么要离职。(“他 ”是 wanting to leave 逻辑主语)
考点一 动词 ing 作状语
(1)作状语的分词要求其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致。
Seeing from the top of the hill ，we find the park even more beautiful.
从山顶上看，我们发现这个公园显得更加美丽。
(2)若现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则用现在分词的完成形式(having done)。
Having cleaned the desks ，we began reading.
擦完桌子后，我们便开始看书。
(3)若与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系， 且先于谓语动词动作发生， 用现在分词完成式的被动形式(having been
done)。
Having been shown the classrooms ，we were taken to see the library.
我们被领着看了教室后，又被带去看图书馆。
【知识拓展】
1. 现在分词与过去分词作状语在＂逻辑＂方面的差异：
(
现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主
谓关系。
){过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间通常构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
Given more attention ，the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。
Not knowing what to do ，he went to his parents for help. 由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。
2. 现在分词与过去分词作状语在＂时间＂方面的差异：
过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示一种状态，与谓语动作同时发生或存在。现在分 词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行；现在分词的完成式(having done)表示发生 在谓语动作之前的一个＂主动＂动作；现在分词的完成式的被动式(having been done)表示发生在谓语动作之 前的一个＂被动＂动作，常常和表示次数的短语以及时间段(for 短语)连用，此时不能被过去分词所替换。
在其他情况下通常被过去分词所替换，从而使句式更简洁。
Written in a hurry ，this article was not so good！因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好！
Reading carefully，he found something he had not known before.他仔细读书时， 发现了一些从前不知道的东
西。
Having been discussed several times ，the decision was finally made.进行了几次讨论之后，终于作出了决定。
误这警示 部分过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示 ＂被动关系＂， 其前不用 being。这样的过去分词及短 语常见的有：lost(陷入某种状态)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；stationed(驻扎)；lost/absorbed in (沉溺于)；dressed in(穿着)；tired of(厌烦)等。 Lost/Absorbed in deep thought ，he didn’t hear the sound. 因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。 Faced with difficulties ，we must try to overcome them.在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。
(
注意：
分词
(
短语
)
作状语时，
其逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致；否则分词
(
短语
)
就要有自己的逻辑主语
(
用
名词或代词的主格来表示
)
。这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构常放在句首。表
示时间、条件、原
因时，其作用分别相当于一个时间、条件、原因状语从句。表示伴随方式时，相当
于一个并列句。

The signal given
，
the bus st
arted.
信号一发出，汽车就开动了。

The football match(being) over
，
crowds of
people p
oured out into the
street.
足球赛一结束，人群便涌到大街上。
1.
（
2023
·全国乙卷
语法填空）
66.
(visit)
several times over the
last
10
years,
I
was
amazed
by
)
the co-existence of old and new,and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage ( 遗产) while constantly
growing.
2.（2023·全国甲卷 语法填空）Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口 吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words
from many age-old fables.
1.（2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟高三第一次联考） In December 2014, Jingdezhen was officially approved by
UNESCO and joined the Creative City Network, (gain) itself the “City of Crafts and Folk Art” title.
2.(2023· 云南省昆明市高三摸底)For example, we can have various online classes from the best teachers without
leaving our home, (make) our learning more convenient.
3.（2023·江苏省四所名校高三期中联考） (overcome) many difficulties in the US, Qian eventually
returned to China in 1955.
考点二 动词 ing 作补语
1 ．感官动词(词组)see ，watch ，observe ，look at ，notice ，hear ，listen to ，feel 的宾语补足语有四种形式，
以 see 为例：
I saw him leave a few minutes ago.
我看见他几分钟前离开了。
To learn English well ，we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.
为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地找机会听英语。
2.使役动词 make ，let ，have ，get 后加复合宾语的情况
The teacher raised his voice in order to make himself heard.那个老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他。
Let those in need understand that we will go all out to help them.
让那些需要(帮助)的人明白我们会尽全力去帮他们。
He had the fire burning all night.他让火燃烧了一夜。
易混辨析
(1)现在分词作补足语 由延续性动词转化而来的现在分词作补足语，表示过程的一部分；而由瞬间性动词转化而来的现在分词 作宾语补足语，表示动作的反复。 I heard her singing when I passed by her room. 我路过她房间时，听到她正在唱歌。 (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者) I found the topic being discussed everywhere then.
那时我发现人们在到处谈论这个话题。 (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的承受者) Are you listening to them quarrelling？ 你在听他们吵架吗？ (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者) His remarks set me thinking. 他的话引起了我的深思。 (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者) The explosion sent us running in all directions. 那次爆炸把我们吓得东奔西逃。 (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者) (2)不定式作补语 ①不定式作补语，表示动作的全过程或者是动作已经结束。 Did you notice him leave the house？你看到他离开房间了吗？ I heard her say so.我听见她是这么说的。 ②某些动词短语后面接不定式作宾语补足语。此类短语有：call on ，rely on ，depend on ，wait for ，long for， vote for 等。 You can depend on her to be late.可以担保她必定迟到。 We are longing for the holiday to come.我们渴望着假日的到来。 ③动词 think，consider，believe，find，feel，know，guess，prove，suppose，imagine 等词后面， 常接＂ to be +形容词(名词或反身代词)＂结构。 He’s thought to be one of the richest men in Europe. 人们认为他是欧洲最大的富翁之一。 Imagine yourself(to be)rich and famous.想象一下你又有钱，又有名的情况。
He tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles.他试图使他的工作在医学界被认可。
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems
greedy, so I am always left (want) more next time.
1.（2023·江苏省连云港市调研） However, with Chinese writing (become)increasingly standardized and
simplified, it became a tradition to use Xiaozhuan for seals.
2 ．（2023 秋 ·全国 · 高三专题练习） When Zhou Kai’s mother saw him the front door without a jacket
on, she eyed him .
A ．approaching; anxious B ．approach; anxious
C ．approaching; anxiously D ．approach; anxiously
3 ．（2022 秋 · 天津 · 高三统考期末） With diligent work her a high reputation across China, Yangqian’s
influence has expanded beyond shooting.
A ．to earn B ．has earned C ．earned D ．earning
考点三 动词 ing 作主语、宾语和表语
1作宾语
1）一些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语。
(
巧记跟动名词的动词：
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想；
避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏；
禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡
consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excus
e/pardon,
admit, delay/put off,
fancy;
avoid, miss, keep/keep on,
practice,
deny, finish, enjoy/app
reciate;
forbid, imagine, risk,
can’t help, mind, allow/permit,
escape.
forget doing sth.
忘记做过某事（已做）
(2) remember to do
sth.
记着去做某事
remember doing sth.
记得做过
某事

I would
appreciate
your
ca
lling
back
this
afternoon
.
今天下午如
果你能给我回电话，我将非常
感激。

Mary
is considering
changing
her
job.
玛丽正在考虑换工作。
2
）一些动词既能跟不定式又能
跟
V-ing
作宾语
1. (1) forget to
do
sth.
忘记去做某
事（未做）
)
(3) stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
(4) regret to do sth. 对尚未做的或正在做的事情表示遗憾;
regret doing sth 对已做的事情表示后悔
(5) mean to do sth. 打算、意欲做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
(6) can ’t help to do(不能帮忙做…)
can ’t help doing (禁不住做…)
can't help but do sth 忍不住做某事，不禁做某事，不得不干 …
-I forgot to close the door before I left the room.在我离开房间前，忘记关门。
-I forgot having closed the door. 我忘记关门。
I didn’t mean to hurt you.我本无意伤害你。
Doing morning exercises means getting up early. 做早操意味着早起床。
3) 动词作介词的宾语时， 要用动名词形式， 不能用动词不定式。常见的含有介词的动词短语：be/get used to(习 惯于), feel like(想要), insist on(坚持), get down to(开始认真做某事), devote...to...(致力于……),object to(反对), stick to(坚持),give up(放弃)等。此外，介词后跟动名词的结构：have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.；have fun
(in) doing sth.
It ’s quite hot today. Do you feel like going for a swim 今天很热。你想去游泳吗？
I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working with students.
我现在与学生们打交道和我过去航海一样开心。
误这警示 (1)当非谓语动词位于介词 but, except 后时， 习惯上要用不定式。并且， 当其前有实义动词 do 及相关形 式时，则不定式要省略 to ；若其前没有动词 do，则不定式通常带 to。 We had no choice but to wait. 我们除了等待之外别无选择。 I could do nothing except agree. 我除了同意，什么都做不了。 (2)but 后总跟省略不定式符号 to 的短语：do nothing but...只能……； cannot help but...禁不住……；cannot
but...不得不……；cannot choose but...只得……
(1)当非谓语动词位于介词 but, except 后时， 习惯上要用不定式。并且， 当其前有实义动词 do 及相关形式时，
则不定式要省略 to ；若其前没有动词 do，则不定式通常带 to。
We had no choice but to wait.
我们除了等待之外别无选择。
I could do nothing except agree.
我除了同意，什么都做不了。
(2)but 后总跟省略不定式符号 to 的短语：do nothing but... 只能 …… ； cannot help but...禁不住 …… ；cannot
but...不得不……；cannot choose but...只得……
2作主语
1. 谓语动词应用第三人称单数。
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
下列句型中常用动名词作主语：
It’s no use complaining without taking action.
不采取行动只是抱怨是没有用的。
3. 作主语动名词与不定式的区别：
。 动名词作主语表示抽象的动作，不与特定的动作执行者有关；不定式作主语表示具体的动作或行为，与
特定的动作执行者有关。
He realized that to go on like this was no use. （具体）
他意识到像这样继续没用。
It’s no use crying over split milk. （抽象）
因抛洒的牛奶哭泣没用。
3作表语
（1）V-ing 作表语用来解释说明主语的内容。
Their job is building houses. 他们的工作是建房子。
（2）V-ing 与不定式作表语的区别：
V-ing 作表语表示抽象的行为, 习惯；不定式作表语表示具体的特别是动作。
My favourite sport is swimming.
Our job is playing all kinds of music.
我们的工作是演奏各种各样的音乐。
His ambition is to go to Harvard University.
他的梦想就是上哈佛大学。
1.（2023·全国乙卷 语法填空）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 48 (record)
everything I discovered.
2.（2023·山东省曲阜市第一中学考试） (melt) and refreezing of polar ice is natural. But in a warmer world, the cycle speeds up, and polar bears have less time to hunt. Normally, they have three months in the spring
when they gain more weight. The extra fat will be used, when the bears are not actively hunting.
1.【2022·江苏省苏锡常镇四市教学情况调查（一）】Habits, too, have huge gravity pull more than most people
realize or admit. (break) deeply habitual tendencies involves more than a little willpower and a few
minor changes in our lives. But once we break out of the gravity pull, our freedom takes on a whole new
dimension.
2.（2023·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研） (eat) so-called “junk foods” does activate the brain’s reward
system, but that high is short-lived because it’s not the deep reward of real comfort.
3. [安徽省皖南八校高三第一次联考]Following the Japanese surrender in 1945, Chiang Kai-shek’s Nationalist
Government reoccupied the Headquarters-Presidential Palace for (govern) the Republic of China.
考点四 动词 ing 作定语
1. 单独作定语，常放在被修饰的名词之前。
touching story /coming week /skilled worker / armed forces / boiled water
Barking dogs seldom bite. 乱叫的狗不咬人。
但某些 V-ing（如 concerned 关切的/有关的， used 旧的/用过的， given 特定的/给予的， involved 复杂的/涉及
的）置于名词前后其意义不同。
a concerned look/the students concerned/
a used car/the textbook used.
2. V-ing 作定语，分词应放在被修饰的名词之后；表示正在进行的动作时,变为从句时要用进行时态和表示经 常性的动作或现在的状态时，变为从句时要用一般时态；同被修辞的词（先行词）有逻辑上的主谓关系，
在意义上相当于一个主动语态的定语从句。
Who is the man standing （= who is standing） by the door
站在门边的人是谁。
They built a highway leading （= that/which leads） into the mountains.
一条通往山里的高速路。
3.V-ing 作定语时，分词应放在被修饰的名词之后；表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前/不确定；同被修辞的词
（先行词）有逻辑上的动宾关系，在意义上相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
The meeting held（=that/which was held） last week is very important.
上周举行的回忆是非常重要的。
4. 其他应注意：
① 若表示的动作此刻正在进行或同时进行，可用被动语态的进行时态（现在分词的被动语态）表示。
We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. 我们必须保守正在讨论的事情。
② 若表示的是一个未来的动作，可用不定式的被动语态表示。
Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next meeting. 请告诉我在下次会议上讨论的主题。
③ V-ing 还可作非限制性定语（相当于非限制性定语从句），此时须和句子的其他部分用逗号隔开，试比
较：
All my brothers living in Shanghai are scientists.=All my brothers, living in Shanghai, are scientists.
居住在上海的所有兄弟是科学家。
④ V-ing 短语作定语时，表示的动作不能先于谓语动作，也不可表示将来；一般不用现在分词的完成式作
定语，故下列句子是错的：
Here is Mr. Li coming from Beijing. （应改为 who has come from Beijing）
他是来自北京的李先生。
Those having finished their work can go home now. （应改为 who have finished）
已经完成家庭作业的现在可以回家。
⑤ 系动词的-ing 形式不可用作后置定语，此时要用从句来表示。
Those being busy don’t have to go. （应改为 Those who are busy don’t have to go.）
正在忙的人不必离开。
⑥ 不及物动词的 V-ing 不可用作后置定语，若要表示这个意思要用从句。
The lion died in this zoo the other day was a mother lion. （应改为 which/that died）
前天死在公园的狮子是头母狮。
（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷 语法填空）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60. (visit)
Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
1.(2023· 江西省高三摸底考试)After (see) the beautiful flowers, we had tea and snacks together on the
benches overlooking the wide mountain and sky landscape.
2. （2023 · 山西省一模 ）The Long March-5 is China’s most powerful launch vehicle currently in operational service, with a maximum payload capacity of 25 tonnes to low Earth orbit(LEO). It has been used to send China’s
three space station modules, about 66 tonnes, into LEO.
3.（2023·河北省保定市部分学校统考）Ice and snow scenic spots in the cities of Xianning and Yichang, in central China’s Hubei Province, both received over 30,000 tourists. So far Shanghai and Guangzhou have been
listed among popular destinations for activities (involve)the ice and snow industry.
过关检测
一、语法填空
1.（2023·江苏省泰州中学调研）It’s useful to be able to make snow when nature doesn’t provide enough. But artificial snow is surely not the same as natural snow, which has more air and less water. An athlete used to natural
snow might have to adjust their style when (perform) on man-made snow.
2.（2023·浙江省名校协作体统考）Ding worked on a project called “The Invisible Are Significant”, 58
(hope) more students would respect the “invisible” staff.
3.（2023·江苏省南通市如皋市调研）Yongyong gave birth to her first cub on Aug 17, 2020, (become)
the youngest panda mother at the center.
4.（2023·湖北省模拟） (survive)many centuries, kites have become one of the country’s representative
traditional handicrafts, whose making techniques were included in the list of China’s national intangible cultural
heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006.
5.（2023·河北省秦皇岛市部分学校摸底）Her work featured a giant Rubik’s cube. Each square of the cube
showed things (represent) Chinese history and contemporary development, such as the compass,
traditional medicine books, the Great Wall, and the Shenzhou spaceship.
6.【江苏省扬州中学 2022-2023 学年高三下学期入学测试】The medals are inspired by yu bi, a Chinese jade artifact (date) back 5,000 years. A total of five of this kind of jade have been unearthed from a tomb up
to now.
7.（2023·江苏省连云港市调研） However, with Chinese writing (become)increasingly standardized and
simplified, it became a tradition to use Xiaozhuan for seals.
8.（2023·江苏省盐城中学模拟）With China (roar) into the digital age, nearly everything has
moved online—from making appointments to buying train tickets.
9.（2023·浙江月考） With the holiday （靠近），the experts' suggestion that tickets be booked online is
very important.
10. （2023 · 山东省青 岛市测试 ）He told the idea to restaurant owners, (convince) them to install recycling bins in their restaurants. He cleaned the chopsticks, pressed them into square pieces and coated them with
glue.
11.（2023·湖南省益阳市质量检测）Zheng He’s efforts helped develop harmonious relations with these countries
and regions, introducing foreign people to Chinese culture, and (allow) the Chinese to better understand
overseas lands.
12.（2023·湖南省三湘创新发展联合调研）As Lau's first solo exhibition in Beijing, the Collect Them All exhibition features 12 paintings and three sculptures from the Hong Kong-based artist, __ (show) his
passion for street art.
13.（2023·江苏省南京市考试）It was Dragonboat Day. Shiny white tents lined the waterfront, (provide) shade and refreshments for Dragon Boat paddlers (桨手) from all over California, who gathered around
the Castaic Lake for a festive competition.
14.（2023·江苏省苏州市调研）Autumn Equinox(秋分), the 16th solar term of the year, lies at the midpoint of
autumn,
(divide) autumn into two equal parts.
15.（2023·河南省 2 地市 5 月试题） It’s part of the vast philosophy and practice of traditional Chinese medicine
(TCM),
(have) a history of thousands of yeas.
16.（2023·江苏省苏州市学业质量阳光指标调研）To survive, elephants require vast landscapes for food. Adults can consume 300 pounds of food and more than 50 gallons of water a day. But rivers, soil and grassland are drying
up, (result) in poor and deadly environment.
17. （2023 · 江苏省连云港市调研 ）They combined seal carving with calligraphy and painting,
(make)this traditional art more popular in China.
18.（2023·湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学 4 月押题） The construction of the demonstration zone
maximizes the use of local wind, light, and heat resources, (let)nature do the work.
19.（2023·江苏省南京市南京市第一中学期中）This was most likely due to the noise driving away the scrub
jay(灌丛鸦), which plants thousands of pine seeds while (store) them to eat during the winter months.
20.（2023·江西省重点中学盟校联考） Now, the province has some 75 ski resorts, which can handle up to
100,000 people a day, (make) Jilin the skiing hub of the country.
21.（2023·江苏省徐州市第七中学 9 月摸底学情调研）The spicy hot pot featured in Sichuan is probably the most famous among the native Chinese. When (visit) Chongqing, you will have an opportunity to taste
authentic (真正的) Chinese hot pot.
22. （2023 · 河北省石家庄市二 中模拟 ） However, the environment around Hongjiannao Lake worsened,
(cast) a shadow over the species.
23.（江苏省无锡市 2022-2023 学年高三上学期期中）Recently, Laurence J. Brahm, a documentary filmmaker from the United States, explored this question in Searching for Kung Fu. In the movie, Brahm embarked(开启)on a kung fu pilgrimage(朝圣之旅). (travel) to cities in China and the US in search of the origin and value of
kung fu.
24.（2023·湖南省常德市第一中学 5 月试题） The cheongsam, whose neck is high, collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be either short, medium or full length, (depend) on seasons
or tastes.
25.（2023·辽宁省辽西联合校联考） (combine)Chinese music and global folk music, he has posted
17 videos on social media platforms so far, gaining millions of views.
26.（2023 届广东省深圳市高三年级二调试题）The collision(碰撞)between the 1,600℃ liquid metal and the
frozen brick creates a waterfall of sparks(火花) (fall) over him, equally beautiful and dangerous.
27.（河北省石家庄市2023 年高三第二学期全过程试题） (suffer) from cataracts (白内障),Zhang faces
grave challenges in learning.
28.（2023 届山东省齐鲁名校大联盟高三下学期三模试题）Steve and Janet Kistler from the American state
of Kentucky are among those (involve) themselves in it.
29. （2023 · 江 苏 省 常 州 市 教 育 学会 学业 水平 监 测 ）France’s goalkeeper Hugo Lloris made his 142nd
appearance, (come) level(平齐的) with Lilian Thuram as his country’s most-capped player.
30.（2023·湖北省腾云联盟八月联考）Upon its completion, the giant ship will displace (排水) more than 80, 000
metric tons of water, it the largest and mightiest warship any Asian nation has ever built.
二、单项选择
1 ．（2023·天津 ·耀华中学校考一模） On Felton Place, a street in Madison, Wisconsin, there is a very small library
about 20 books.
A ．holding B ．held C ．to hold D ．having held
2 ．（2023·天津河北 · 统考二模） The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, us that we must continue to
reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem.
A ．reminded B ．to be reminded C ．reminding D ．having reminded
3 ．（2023·天津河北 · 统考一模） Today, Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination sites with
UNESCO-protected heritage status.
A ．to boast B ．being boasted C ．boasted D ．boasting
4 ．（2023·天津 · 校联考一模） in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food
from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and a fork.
A ．To grow up B ．Being grown up C ．Growing up D ．Grown up
5 ．（2023·天津滨海新 · 校联考一模） A heavy snow hit our area for the first time this year, great
inconvenience to traffic and transportation.
A ．causing B ．caused C ．to cause D ．having caused
6 ．（2023 秋 · 天津 · 高三天津市第四十二中学校考期末） —I failed this monthly examination.
—It doesn’t matter. Faced with failure, we should keep enthusiastic, ourselves that we can overcome it.
A ．convinced B ．convincing C ．to convince D ．convince
7 ．（2023·天津红桥 · 统考一模） BYD Motor is designing more new models, a 20 percent growth in sales
this year.
A ．eyeing B ．eyes C ．eyed D ．having eyed
8 ．（2023·天津和平 · 统考一模） I was 12 and , all my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at the new school.
A ．lost B ．having been lost C ．having lost D ．losing
9 ．（2023·河南郑州 · 郑州外国语学校校考模拟预测） All members voted the Most Influential
Figures of 2020, an overwhelming 80% Zhong Nanshan.
A ．voted; for; voting for B ．voting; for; voted for
C ．voting; on; voting for D ．voted; on; voted for
10 ．（2023·天津滨海新 · 统考三模） —What matters for the cooperation between companies
— differences in a sincere way.
A ．Approached B ．Having approached
C ．To be approached D ．Approaching
11 ．（2023·天津红桥 · 统考二模） —What in the world put you in a really bad mood
— in the traffic for hours.
________
A ．Stuck
B ．Being stuck
C ．To be stuck
D ．Sticking
12 ．（2023 秋 · 天津河西 · 高三统考期末） Some new ideas sometimes have to wait for years before .
A ．fully accepting B ．are fully accepted
C ．being fully accepted D ．having fully accepted
真题演练
(
2023
年
)
1.【2023 年全国乙卷】 46 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 47 (amaze) by the
co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly
growing. ...As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 48 (record) everything I discovered.
2.【2023 年全国乙卷】 She went right into the shower to washing it, but it was no use.
3.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese
zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
4.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 44 (rare) enough, yet two
seems greedy, so I am always left 45 (want) more next time.
5.【2023 年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, 44 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful
existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 45 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old
fables.
7. 【2023 年北京卷】She called for action 19 (address)the struggles of people around the world
20 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running
through a global campaign called“Run Blue” .
(
2022
年
)
1.【2022 新高考 I 卷】 (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the
GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
2.【2022 全国甲卷】He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, (plan) to hike back
to Xi’an in five months.
3.【2022 全国乙卷】 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of
public promotional activities on social media, (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the
world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
4. 【2022 年新高考 2 卷】Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence,
and held out his arms to catch the 36 (fall) child.
5.【2022 年全国乙卷】So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution.
6. 【2022 年全国甲卷】I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends
too late.
7.【2022 年天津卷第二次】The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, the citizens
to enjoy the outdoors again.
A. allowing B. being allowed
C. having allowed D. having been allowed
(
2021
年
)
1.【2021 新高考 1 卷】Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the
whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8 (ache) legs.
2.【2021 全国甲卷】After 4 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided
it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
3.【2021 全国乙卷】Minimize the impact of 7 (visit) the place.
4.【2021.1 浙江卷】
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 9 (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income
and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
5.【2021 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 57 (think)it
is food.
6.【2021 年北京卷】From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 19
(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss .
7 ．【2021 年天津卷第一次】China's National Highway 318, over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to
Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A ．to extend B ．extended C ．extending D ．being extended
(
2020
年
)
1.【2020 年新课标Ⅱ】They represent the earth 63. (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. 4.【2020 年新课标Ⅲ】And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69. (surround) the
mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
6.【2020 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42. (they) living at a different time in history or 43. (walk)through a rainforest. 7. 【2020 年
浙江卷 7 月】 Later ，they learned to work with the 62 (season) ，planting at the right time and ，in dry
areas ， 63 (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
8. 【2020 年江苏卷】The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, a new generation of virtual reality.
A. allowing for B. accounting for C. calling for D. compensating for
(
2019
)
1.【2019 年全国卷 Ⅰ】 Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be
congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high)
than they actually are.
2. 【 2019 年全 国卷 Ⅰ 】 To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the
playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
3.【2019 年全国卷Ⅱ】When we got a call 68 (say)she was short-listed ，we thought it was 69 a
joke.
4.【2019 年全国卷 III】On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69 (invite)to attend a private concert on a
beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars ， 70 (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
5.【2019 年全国卷 III】I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe....
If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
6.【2019 年北京卷】Nervously 2 (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to 3 (I) the two simple
words “Be yourself” .
7.【2019 年浙江卷 6 月】 When the children are walking or 59 (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car
drivers can 60 (easy) see them....
8.【2019 年江苏卷】China's image is improving steadily, with more countries its role in international
affairs.
A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized
9.【2019 年天津卷】 to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
A. Learn B. Learned
C. Learning D. Having learned2024届高考高三英语复习—— 非谓语动词之动词 ing
1. 三年真题动词 ing 考点细目表
时间 卷次 语法填空/短文改错/单项选择
2023 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空:wanting 作主语补足语
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: visiting 作定语
全国甲卷 语法填空:borrowing 作状语 短文改错： /
全国乙卷 语法填空: Having visited； 作状语 Recording 作宾语 短文改错： /
北京卷 语法填空: facing 作后置定语
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: / (6 月)语法填空: /
天津卷 单项选择： /
2022 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空: Covering 作状语
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: falling 作定语
全国甲卷 语法填空: planning 作状语 短文改错： stay→staying 作宾语
全国乙卷 语法填空: inviting 作状语 短文改错： cause 改为 causing 与 be 动词构成进行时 态
北京卷 语法填空: /
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: / (6 月)语法填空: /
天津卷 单项选择： allowing 作状语
2021 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空: aching 作定语
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: thinking 作状语
全国甲卷 语法填空: spending 作宾语 短文改错： /
全国乙卷 语法填空: visiting 作宾语 短文改错： /
北京卷 语法填空: resulting 作状语
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: living 作定语 (6 月)语法填空:/
天津卷 （第一次） 单项选择: extending 作定语 （第二次）单项选择:/
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近 3 年对于动词 ing 主要考查：
1 ．动词 ing 作的句法功能（主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补）；
2 ．动词 ing 的一些固定搭配、固定句型；
3. 动词 ing 的各种形式及其意义。
【备考策略】
1. 系统归类动词 ing 的用法;
2. 熟练掌握动词 ing 的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是动词 ing 的一些固定搭配和固定句型。
【命题预测】
预测 2024 年高考语法填空和短文改错对动词 ing 考查仍然会成为的热点、重点和难点，尤其是考查动
词 ing 一些固定搭配和固定句型； V-ing 与 V-ed 的辨析仍然是考查重点。
(
动词
ing
基本概念
)
1）非谓语动词是具有动词的特征，因此它有时态的变化、语态的变化，各种形式具有自己的意义。
动词 ing 的各种形式
非谓语动词 主动语态 被动语态 意义
现在分词/动名 词 一般式 doing being done 其表示的动作与句中谓 语动词的动作同时发生， 或几乎上同时发生
完成式 having done having been done 其表示的动作先于句中 谓语动词的动作发生
2）非谓语动词的句法功能：
功能 形式 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语
不定式 v v v v v v
V-ing v v v v v v
V-ed v v v v
3 ）动词 ing 的基本意义
现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生；
现在分词的完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前；
Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.
在街上走着，他听到有人叫他。
Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
我们几乎花光了所有的钱，没有钱住宾馆了。
现在分词的主动形式表示逻辑主语是现在分词动作的执行者；
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
由于不知道她的住址，我们无法和她取得联系。
Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate
among citizens.
近来， 一个把两家不同超市里的相同商品的价格做比较的调查引发了市民的激烈讨论。
现在分词的被动形式表示逻辑主语是现在分词动作的承受者；
The area being studied is called an archeological site.
正在被研究的那个地方被称作考古地。
Having been asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
那天晚上我因被要求加班而错过了一场好看的电影。
The houses being built are for the teachers.
正在建的那些房子是给老师们的。
4 ）V-ing 形式的逻辑主语
1. 如果作主语的-ing 形式需要自己的逻辑主语时， 一般用物主代词或名词所有格(即名词后加"s)。
His father's falling ill worried him greatly.他父亲生病使他很着急。 ( his father 是 falling ill 的逻辑主语)
Your coming to work with us will be a great encouragement.你来和我们]一道工作， 对我们是很大的鼓舞。(your
是 coming to work with 的逻辑主语)
2. -ing 形式作宾语时，其逻辑主语常是句子中的主语。如要明确动作的执行者，也可以在 ing 形式前加上
名词或代词表示逻辑主语。
I can't imagine John's giving a speech in front of so many 我不能想像约翰会在这么多人前面发言。(John 是
giving a speech 的逻辑主语)
The boss understood him/his wanting to leave. 都板明白他为什么要离职。(“他 ”是 wanting to leave 逻辑主语)
考点一 动词 ing 作状语
(1)作状语的分词要求其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致。
Seeing from the top of the hill ，we find the park even more beautiful.
从山顶上看，我们发现这个公园显得更加美丽。
(2)若现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则用现在分词的完成形式(having done)。
Having cleaned the desks ，we began reading.
擦完桌子后，我们便开始看书。
(3)若与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系， 且先于谓语动词动作发生， 用现在分词完成式的被动形式(having been
done)。
Having been shown the classrooms ，we were taken to see the library.
我们被领着看了教室后，又被带去看图书馆。
【知识拓展】
1. 现在分词与过去分词作状语在＂逻辑＂方面的差异：
(
现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主
谓关系。
){过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间通常构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
Given more attention ，the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。
Not knowing what to do ，he went to his parents for help. 由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。
2. 现在分词与过去分词作状语在＂时间＂方面的差异：
过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示一种状态，与谓语动作同时发生或存在。现在分 词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行；现在分词的完成式(having done)表示发生 在谓语动作之前的一个＂主动＂动作；现在分词的完成式的被动式(having been done)表示发生在谓语动作之 前的一个＂被动＂动作，常常和表示次数的短语以及时间段(for 短语)连用，此时不能被过去分词所替换。
在其他情况下通常被过去分词所替换，从而使句式更简洁。
Written in a hurry ，this article was not so good！因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好！
Reading carefully，he found something he had not known before.他仔细读书时， 发现了一些从前不知道的东
西。
Having been discussed several times ，the decision was finally made.进行了几次讨论之后，终于作出了决定。
误这警示 部分过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示 ＂被动关系＂， 其前不用 being。这样的过去分词及短 语常见的有：lost(陷入某种状态)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；stationed(驻扎)；lost/absorbed in (沉溺于)；dressed in(穿着)；tired of(厌烦)等。 Lost/Absorbed in deep thought ，he didn’t hear the sound. 因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。 Faced with difficulties ，we must try to overcome them.在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。
(
注意：
分词
(
短语
)
作状语时，
其逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致；否则分词
(
短语
)
就要有自己的逻辑主语
(
用
名词或代词的主格来表示
)
。这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构常放在句首。表
示时间、条件、原
因时，其作用分别相当于一个时间、条件、原因状语从句。表示伴随方式时，相当
于一个并列句。

The signal given
，
the bus st
arted.
信号一发出，汽车就开动了。

The football match(being) over
，
crowds of
people p
oured out into the
street.
足球赛一结束，人群便涌到大街上。
1.
（
2023
·全国乙卷
语法填空）
66.
(visit)
several times over the
last
10
years,
I
was
amazed
by
)
the co-existence of old and new,and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage ( 遗产) while constantly
growing.
【答案】Having visited
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在过去的 10 年中,“我” 多次游览这个城市,对于新旧并存以及城市能够在不 断扩张的同时保留如此丰富的文化遗产感到惊讶。本空在句中作状语,动词 visit 和句子主语 I 之间为逻辑上 的主动关系,且根据空后时间状语 over the last 10 years 可知,应用现在完成时,故本空应用现在分词的完成式,
表示“主动和完成”关系。
2.（2023·全国甲卷 语法填空）Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口 吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words
from many age-old fables.
【答案】borrowing
【解析】考查现在分词。句意:从许多古老的寓言中借用了一些熟悉的言语。 her fable 和 borrow 之间是主谓
关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填 borrowing。
1.（2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟高三第一次联考） In December 2014, Jingdezhen was officially approved by
UNESCO and joined the Creative City Network, (gain) itself the “City of Crafts and Folk Art” title.
【答案】gaining
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：2014 年 12 月，景德镇正式获得联合国教科文组织批准，加入创意城市网
络，获得“工艺与民间艺术之都”称号。分析句子结构可知 gain 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语
Jingdezhen 构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填 gaining。
2.(2023· 云南省昆明市高三摸底)For example, we can have various online classes from the best teachers without
leaving our home, (make) our learning more convenient.
【答案】making
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，我们可以让最好的老师提供各种在线课程，让我们的学习更方便。
此处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填 making。
3.（2023·江苏省四所名校高三期中联考） (overcome) many difficulties in the US, Qian eventually
returned to China in 1955.
【答案】Having overcome
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在美国克服了许多困难后，钱最终于 1955 年回到中国。分析句子可知， 此处应用动词作非谓语， 与逻辑主语 Qian 之间是主动关系， 结合语意可知， 空处动作发生在主句动作之前，
故此处应用现在分词的完成时，即 having done 结构。故填 Having overcome。
考点二 动词 ing 作补语
1 ．感官动词(词组)see ，watch ，observe ，look at ，notice ，hear ，listen to ，feel 的宾语补足语有四种形式，
以 see 为例：
I saw him leave a few minutes ago.
我看见他几分钟前离开了。
To learn English well ，we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.
为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地找机会听英语。
2.使役动词 make ，let ，have ，get 后加复合宾语的情况
The teacher raised his voice in order to make himself heard.那个老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他。
Let those in need understand that we will go all out to help them.
让那些需要(帮助)的人明白我们会尽全力去帮他们。
He had the fire burning all night.他让火燃烧了一夜。
易混辨析
(1)现在分词作补足语 由延续性动词转化而来的现在分词作补足语，表示过程的一部分；而由瞬间性动词转化而来的现在分词 作宾语补足语，表示动作的反复。 I heard her singing when I passed by her room. 我路过她房间时，听到她正在唱歌。 (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者) I found the topic being discussed everywhere then. 那时我发现人们在到处谈论这个话题。 (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的承受者) Are you listening to them quarrelling？ 你在听他们吵架吗？ (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者) His remarks set me thinking. 他的话引起了我的深思。 (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者) The explosion sent us running in all directions. 那次爆炸把我们吓得东奔西逃。 (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者) (2)不定式作补语 。不定式作补语，表示动作的全过程或者是动作已经结束。 Did you notice him leave the house？你看到他离开房间了吗？ I heard her say so.我听见她是这么说的。
②某些动词短语后面接不定式作宾语补足语。此类短语有：call on ，rely on ，depend on ，wait for ，long for， vote for 等。 You can depend on her to be late.可以担保她必定迟到。 We are longing for the holiday to come.我们渴望着假日的到来。 ③动词 think，consider，believe，find，feel，know，guess，prove，suppose，imagine 等词后面， 常接＂ to be +形容词(名词或反身代词)＂结构。 He’s thought to be one of the richest men in Europe. 人们认为他是欧洲最大的富翁之一。 Imagine yourself(to be)rich and famous.想象一下你又有钱，又有名的情况。
He tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles.他试图使他的工作在医学界被认可。
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems
greedy, so I am always left (want) more next time.
【答案】wanting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买它们,一笼都不够,但是两笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想
下次多买点儿。此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”,I 与 want 之间是主动关系,用现在分词 wanting。
1.（2023·江苏省连云港市调研） However, with Chinese writing (become)increasingly standardized and
simplified, it became a tradition to use Xiaozhuan for seals.
【答案】becoming
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：然而，随着中国文字的日益标准化和简化，使用小篆成为了一种传统。本 句为 with 的复合结构， Chinese writing 与 become 在逻辑上是主动关系， 所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故
填 becoming。
2 ．（2023 秋 ·全国 · 高三专题练习） When Zhou Kai’s mother saw him the front door without a jacket
on, she eyed him .
A ．approaching; anxious B ．approach; anxious
C ．approaching; anxiously D ．approach; anxiously
【答案】C
【详解】考查现在分词和副词。句意：当周凯的母亲看到他不穿夹克走近前门时， 她焦虑地看着他。根据“she eyed him”可知，此处是指看着他走近前门， see sb doing 意为“看见某人正在做某事” ，此处用现在分词作宾
语补足语。修饰动词 eyed 应用副词 anxiously 表示“焦虑地”作状语。故选 C。
3 ．（2022 秋 · 天津 · 高三统考期末） With diligent work her a high reputation across China, Yangqian’s
influence has expanded beyond shooting.
A ．to earn B ．has earned C ．earned D ．earning
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杨倩的勤奋工作为她在中国赢得了很高的声誉，她的影响力已经扩展到 拍摄之外。此处为 with 的复合结构，diligent work 与 earn 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。
故选 D。
考点三 动词 ing 作主语、宾语和表语
1作宾语
1）一些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语。
巧记跟动名词的动词： 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想； 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏； 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡 consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon, admit, delay/put off, fancy; avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice, deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate;
forbid, imagine, risk, can’t help, mind, allow/permit, escape.
I would appreciate your calling back this afternoon. 今天下午如果你能给我回电话，我将非常感激。
Mary is considering changing her job. 玛丽正在考虑换工作。
2）一些动词既能跟不定式又能跟 V-ing 作宾语
1. (1) forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做）
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（已做）
(2) remember to do sth.记着去做某事
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
(3) stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
(4) regret to do sth. 对尚未做的或正在做的事情表示遗憾;
regret doing sth 对已做的事情表示后悔
(5) mean to do sth. 打算、意欲做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
(6) can ’t help to do(不能帮忙做…)
can ’t help doing (禁不住做…)
can't help but do sth 忍不住做某事，不禁做某事，不得不干 …
I forgot to close the door before I left the room.在我离开房间前，忘记关门。
I forgot having closed the door. 我忘记关门。
I didn’t mean to hurt you.我本无意伤害你。
Doing morning exercises means getting up early. 做早操意味着早起床。
3) 动词作介词的宾语时， 要用动名词形式， 不能用动词不定式。常见的含有介词的动词短语：be/get used to(习 惯于), feel like(想要), insist on(坚持), get down to(开始认真做某事), devote...to...(致力于……),object to(反对), stick to(坚持),give up(放弃)等。此外，介词后跟动名词的结构：have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.；have fun
(in) doing sth.
It ’s quite hot today. Do you feel like going for a swim 今天很热。你想去游泳吗？
I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working with students.
我现在与学生们打交道和我过去航海一样开心。
误这警示 (1)当非谓语动词位于介词 but, except 后时， 习惯上要用不定式。并且， 当其前有实义动词 do 及相关形 式时，则不定式要省略 to ；若其前没有动词 do，则不定式通常带 to。 We had no choice but to wait. 我们除了等待之外别无选择。 I could do nothing except agree. 我除了同意，什么都做不了。 (2)but 后总跟省略不定式符号 to 的短语：do nothing but...只能……； cannot help but...禁不住……；cannot but...不得不……；cannot choose but...只得……
(1)当非谓语动词位于介词 but, except 后时， 习惯上要用不定式。并且， 当其前有实义动词 do 及相关形式时，
则不定式要省略 to ；若其前没有动词 do，则不定式通常带 to。
We had no choice but to wait.
我们除了等待之外别无选择。
I could do nothing except agree.
我除了同意，什么都做不了。
(2)but 后总跟省略不定式符号 to 的短语：do nothing but... 只能 …… ； cannot help but...禁不住 …… ；cannot
but...不得不……；cannot choose but...只得……
2作主语
1. 谓语动词应用第三人称单数。
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
下列句型中常用动名词作主语：
It’s no use complaining without taking action.
不采取行动只是抱怨是没有用的。
3. 作主语动名词与不定式的区别：
。 动名词作主语表示抽象的动作，不与特定的动作执行者有关；不定式作主语表示具体的动作或行为，与
特定的动作执行者有关。
He realized that to go on like this was no use. （具体）
他意识到像这样继续没用。
It’s no use crying over split milk. （抽象）
因抛洒的牛奶哭泣没用。
3作表语
（1）V-ing 作表语用来解释说明主语的内容。
Their job is building houses. 他们的工作是建房子。
（2）V-ing 与不定式作表语的区别：
V-ing 作表语表示抽象的行为, 习惯；不定式作表语表示具体的特别是动作。
My favourite sport is swimming.
Our job is playing all kinds of music.
我们的工作是演奏各种各样的音乐。
His ambition is to go to Harvard University.
他的梦想就是上哈佛大学。
1.（2023·全国乙卷 语法填空）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 48 (record)
everything I discovered.
【48 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.
花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填 recording。
2.（2023·山东省曲阜市第一中学考试） (melt) and refreezing of polar ice is natural. But in a warmer world, the cycle speeds up, and polar bears have less time to hunt. Normally, they have three months in the spring
when they gain more weight. The extra fat will be used, when the bears are not actively hunting.
【答案】Melting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：极地冰的融化和再冻结是自然的。此处与 and 后的 refreezing 是并列成分，
作主语，应用动名词。故填 Melting。
1.【2022·江苏省苏锡常镇四市教学情况调查（一）】Habits, too, have huge gravity pull more than most people
realize or admit. (break) deeply habitual tendencies involves more than a little willpower and a few
minor changes in our lives. But once we break out of the gravity pull, our freedom takes on a whole new
dimension.
【答案】Breaking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：要打破根深蒂固的习惯，仅靠那一丁点的意志力和生活中的一些小改变
是远远不够的。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填 Breaking。
2.（2023·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研） (eat) so-called “junk foods” does activate the brain’s reward
system, but that high is short-lived because it’s not the deep reward of real comfort.
【答案】Eating
【解析】考查动名词。句意：吃所谓的“垃圾食品”确实会激活大脑的奖励系统，但这种兴奋是短暂的，因为
它不是真正舒适的深层奖励。空处作主语，应用动名词形式，首字母应大写。故填 Eating。
3. [安徽省皖南八校高三第一次联考]Following the Japanese surrender in 1945, Chiang Kai-shek’s Nationalist
Government reoccupied the Headquarters-Presidential Palace for (govern) the Republic of China.
【答案】governing
【解析】考查动名词。1945 年日本投降后，蒋介石的国民政府重新占领了中华民国国民政府总部——总统
府，为了统治中华民国。句子的谓语是 reoccupied ，govern 作介词 for 的宾语，用动名词，故填 governing。
考点四 动词 ing 作定语
1. 单独作定语，常放在被修饰的名词之前。
touching story /coming week /skilled worker / armed forces / boiled water
Barking dogs seldom bite. 乱叫的狗不咬人。
但某些 V-ing（如 concerned 关切的/有关的， used 旧的/用过的， given 特定的/给予的， involved 复杂的/涉及
的）置于名词前后其意义不同。
a concerned look/the students concerned/
a used car/the textbook used.
2. V-ing 作定语，分词应放在被修饰的名词之后；表示正在进行的动作时,变为从句时要用进行时态和表示经 常性的动作或现在的状态时，变为从句时要用一般时态；同被修辞的词（先行词）有逻辑上的主谓关系，
在意义上相当于一个主动语态的定语从句。
Who is the man standing （= who is standing） by the door
站在门边的人是谁。
They built a highway leading （= that/which leads） into the mountains.
一条通往山里的高速路。
3.V-ing 作定语时，分词应放在被修饰的名词之后；表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前/不确定；同被修辞的词
（先行词）有逻辑上的动宾关系，在意义上相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
The meeting held（=that/which was held） last week is very important.
上周举行的回忆是非常重要的。
4. 其他应注意：
① 若表示的动作此刻正在进行或同时进行，可用被动语态的进行时态（现在分词的被动语态）表示。
We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. 我们必须保守正在讨论的事情。
② 若表示的是一个未来的动作，可用不定式的被动语态表示。
Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next meeting. 请告诉我在下次会议上讨论的主题。
③ V-ing 还可作非限制性定语（相当于非限制性定语从句），此时须和句子的其他部分用逗号隔开，试比
较：
All my brothers living in Shanghai are scientists.=All my brothers, living in Shanghai, are scientists.
居住在上海的所有兄弟是科学家。
④ V-ing 短语作定语时，表示的动作不能先于谓语动作，也不可表示将来；一般不用现在分词的完成式作
定语，故下列句子是错的：
Here is Mr. Li coming from Beijing. （应改为 who has come from Beijing）
他是来自北京的李先生。
Those having finished their work can go home now. （应改为 who have finished）
已经完成家庭作业的现在可以回家。
⑤ 系动词的-ing 形式不可用作后置定语，此时要用从句来表示。
Those being busy don’t have to go. （应改为 Those who are busy don’t have to go.）
正在忙的人不必离开。
⑥ 不及物动词的 V-ing 不可用作后置定语，若要表示这个意思要用从句。
The lion died in this zoo the other day was a mother lion. （应改为 which/that died）
前天死在公园的狮子是头母狮。
（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷 语法填空）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60. (visit)
Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
【答案】visiting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们要与大量的国际游客和经常前来看这些熊猫的中国动物园饲养员交谈, 这些熊猫是从中国暂借的。本空在句中作定语,修饰名词词组 Chinese zookeepers,被修饰的名词词组和动词
visit 之间为主动关系,故本空应用现在分词作定语。
1.(2023· 江西省高三摸底考试)After (see) the beautiful flowers, we had tea and snacks together on the
benches overlooking the wide mountain and sky landscape.
【答案】seeing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在见到美丽的花朵之后，我们一起在长凳上喝茶和吃零食，俯瞰广阔的
山和天空的风景。此处 see 和 we 是主动关系，故用现在分词作宾语。故填 seeing。
2. （2023 ·山西省一模） The Long March-5 is China’s most powerful launch vehicle currently in operational service, with a maximum payload capacity of 25 tonnes to low Earth orbit(LEO). It has been used to send China’s
three space station modules, about 66 tonnes, into LEO.
【答案】weighing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它已被用于将中国三个重约 66 吨的空间站模块送入近地轨道。根据句意 可知，本句中的 weigh 意思为“重量是 ……” ，是不及物动词，three space station modules 和 weigh 构成逻辑
上的主谓关系，所以此处用现在分词形式，表示主动。故填 weighing。
3.（2023·河北省保定市部分学校统考）Ice and snow scenic spots in the cities of Xianning and Yichang, in central China’s Hubei Province, both received over 30,000 tourists. So far Shanghai and Guangzhou have been
listed among popular destinations for activities (involve)the ice and snow industry.
【答案】involving
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，上海和广州已经被列为冰雪产业活动的热门目的地。分析 句式结构可知， 此处应该用非谓语作后置定语， 又因为 activities 和 involve 之间是主动关系， 所以用非谓语
中的现在分词作后置定语。故填 involving。
过关检测
一、语法填空
1.（2023·江苏省泰州中学调研）It’s useful to be able to make snow when nature doesn’t provide enough. But artificial snow is surely not the same as natural snow, which has more air and less water. An athlete used to natural
snow might have to adjust their style when (perform) on man-made snow.
【答案】performing
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：习惯了天然雪的运动员在人造雪上表演时可能不得不调整自己的风 格。此处为 when 引导的时间状语从句，当从句主语和主句主语保持一致，且有 be 动词时，可省略从句中
的主语和 be 动词，此处省略了 An athlete 和 was 。故填 performing。
【伴随状语】
2.（2023·浙江省名校协作体统考）Ding worked on a project called “The Invisible Are Significant”, 58
(hope) more students would respect the “invisible” staff.
【答案】hoping
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：丁嘉诚从事了一个名为“ 隐形的是重要的” 的项目，希望更多的学生尊重“ 隐 形的” 员工。本句已有谓语 worked on且无连词， 动词 hope 用非谓语形式， 逻辑主语 Ding 与动词 hope 是主
谓关系， hope 用现在分词（doing）表主动，作伴随状语。故填 hoping。
【结果状语】
3.（2023·江苏省南通市如皋市调研）Yongyong gave birth to her first cub on Aug 17, 2020, (become)
the youngest panda mother at the center.
【答案】becoming
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：2020 年 8 月 17 日，勇勇生下了她的第一只幼崽，成为中心最年轻的熊猫
妈妈。根据句意，此处表示意料之中的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故填 becoming。
【结果状语】
4.（2023·湖北省模拟） (survive)many centuries, kites have become one of the country’s representative
traditional handicrafts, whose making techniques were included in the list of China’s national intangible cultural
heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006.
【答案】Having survived
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：风筝历经数百年的发展，已成为中国具有代表性的传统工艺品之一，其 制作工艺于 2006 年被列入中国国家级非物质文化遗产名录。分析句子可知， 空格处为句子状语。动词 survive 和逻辑主语 kites 是主动关系，此动作发生在 have become 之前，应使用现在分词的完成式，位于句首首字
母大写，故填 Having survived。
5.（2023·河北省秦皇岛市部分学校摸底）Her work featured a giant Rubik’s cube. Each square of the cube
showed things (represent) Chinese history and contemporary development, such as the compass,
traditional medicine books, the Great Wall, and the Shenzhou spaceship.
【答案】representing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：立方体的每个正方形都展示了代表中国历史和当代发展的东西，如指南 针、传统医药书籍、长城和神舟飞船。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能作非谓语，其 逻辑主语为 things，二者之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，此处整个分词短语作后置定语修饰 things。
故填 representing。
6.【江苏省扬州中学 2022-2023 学年高三下学期入学测试】The medals are inspired by yu bi, a Chinese jade artifact (date) back 5,000 years. A total of five of this kind of jade have been unearthed from a tomb up
to now.
【答案】dating
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：奖牌的灵感来自于 5000 年前的中国玉器玉璧。空处为非谓语动词，主
语jade artifact 和动词 date 动词之间形成主动关系，现在分词做定语。故填 dating。
7.（2023·江苏省连云港市调研） However, with Chinese writing (become)increasingly standardized and
simplified, it became a tradition to use Xiaozhuan for seals.
【答案】becoming
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：然而，随着中国文字的日益标准化和简化，使用小篆成为了一种传统。本 句为 with 的复合结构， Chinese writing 与 become 在逻辑上是主动关系， 所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故
填 becoming。
8.（2023·江苏省盐城中学模拟）With China (roar) into the digital age, nearly everything has
moved online—from making appointments to buying train tickets.
【答案】roaring
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：随着中国迅速进入数字时代，从预约到购买火车票，几乎所有事情都转移 到了网上。此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构， 动词 roar 和宾语 China 之间是主动关系， 用现在分词作宾
语补足语。故填 roaring。
9.（2023·浙江月考） With the holiday （靠近），the experts' suggestion that tickets be booked online is
very important.
【答案】approaching
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着假期的临近， 专家建议在网上订票非常重要。 根据句意和汉语提示， 应填动词 approach，分析句子可知， “With the holiday （靠近） ”是固定短语“with+宾语+宾
语补足语”作状语， approach 与逻辑主语 holiday 是主动关系， 用现在分词作宾语补足语， 故填 approaching。
10. （2023 · 山东省青 岛市测试 ）He told the idea to restaurant owners, (convince) them to install recycling bins in their restaurants. He cleaned the chopsticks, pressed them into square pieces and coated them with
glue.
【答案】convincing
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：他把这个想法告诉了餐厅老板，说服他们在餐厅里安装回收箱。句中谓语 是 told ，convince 用非谓语动词作状语， He 和 convince 之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，
故填 convincing。
11.（2023·湖南省益阳市质量检测）Zheng He’s efforts helped develop harmonious relations with these countries
and regions, introducing foreign people to Chinese culture, and (allow) the Chinese to better understand
overseas lands.
【答案】allowing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：郑和的努力有助于发展与这些国家和地区的和谐关系，使外国人民了解 中国文化， 并使中国人更好地了解海外土地。分析句子可知， 本句有谓语 helped，故填非谓语动词。 Zheng He’s efforts 和 allow 之间是主动关系，因此填现在分词 allowing 作结果状语，与 and 前的 introducing 并列。
故填 allowing。
12.（2023·湖南省三湘创新发展联合调研）As Lau's first solo exhibition in Beijing, the Collect Them All exhibition features 12 paintings and three sculptures from the Hong Kong-based artist, __ (show) his
passion for street art.
【答案】showing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为刘建文在北京的首次个展， “ 《包圆儿》 ”展览展出了香港艺术家的 12 幅作品和 3 件雕塑作品，展示了他对街头艺术的热爱。分析可知，空处及之后内容在句中为状语，主语
exhibition 与动词 show 为主动关系，所以此处用现在分词。故填 showing。
13.（2023·江苏省南京市考试）It was Dragonboat Day. Shiny white tents lined the waterfront, (provide) shade and refreshments for Dragon Boat paddlers (桨手) from all over California, who gathered around
the Castaic Lake for a festive competition.
【答案】providing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：闪亮的白色帐篷排列在码头，为聚集在卡斯泰克湖周围来自加州各地的 参加节日比赛的龙舟桨手提供了阴凉处和点心。分析句子可知， 句中有谓语动词“lined”，故空格处应用非谓 语动词， “provide”意为“提供” ，动词词性， “tents”和“provide”为逻辑上的主谓关系， 故应用“provide”的现在
分词“providing”，作状语。故填 providing。
14.（2023·江苏省苏州市调研）Autumn Equinox(秋分), the 16th solar term of the year, lies at the midpoint of
autumn,
(divide) autumn into two equal parts.
【答案】dividing
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：秋分， 是一年中第 16 个节气， 位于秋天的中点， 把秋天分成相等的两部分。 分析句子可知， 句子的谓语动词是 lies，所以所给动词 divide 只能用非谓语动词形式作状语。因为句子的主
语 Autumn Equinox 和动词 divide 之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词作状语。故填 dividing。
15.（2023·河南省 2 地市 5 月试题） It’s part of the vast philosophy and practice of traditional Chinese medicine
(TCM),
(have) a history of thousands of yeas.
【答案】having
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：生物钟属于广博的中医哲学范畴和中医传统做法的一部分，这个概念已 存在了数千年。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“is”,故空处需填非谓语动词，“It”和“have”之间是主
动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填 having。
16.（2023·江苏省苏州市学业质量阳光指标调研）To survive, elephants require vast landscapes for food. Adults can consume 300 pounds of food and more than 50 gallons of water a day. But rivers, soil and grassland are drying
up, (result) in poor and deadly environment.
【答案】resulting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，河流、土壤和草地正在干涸，导致了恶劣和致命的环境。设空处
为非谓语，和句子的主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填 resulting。
17. （2023 · 江苏省连云港市调研 ）They combined seal carving with calligraphy and painting,
(make)this traditional art more popular in China.
【答案】making
【解析】考查非谓语。句意：他们把篆刻和书法、绘画结合起来，使这一传统艺术在中国更受欢迎。空处
为非谓语， make 与前面的整个句子为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填 making。
18.（2023·湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学 4 月押题） The construction of the demonstration zone
maximizes the use of local wind, light, and heat resources, (let)nature do the work.
【答案】letting
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：示范区的建设最大限度地利用了当地的风、光、热资源，让大自然来做工 作。根据句意和所给动词 let 分析句子可知， 空格处应该填入动词 let 的非谓语形式作状语， 因为 let 和句子 主语 the construction of the demonstration zone 是主动关系， 所以应该用现在分词 letting 作状语。故填
letting。
19.（2023·江苏省南京市南京市第一中学期中）This was most likely due to the noise driving away the scrub
jay(灌丛鸦), which plants thousands of pine seeds while (store) them to eat during the winter months.
【答案】storing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这很可能是由于噪音赶走了灌丛鸦，它们会在冬天种下数千颗松树种子，
并将它们储存起来以备食用。在状语从句中， 从句的主语和主句的主语相同， 且有 be 动词时可以省略主语
和 be 动词。主句中，which 指代 the scrub jay，即从句完整的形式为 while the scrub jay is storing them to eat
during the winter months。故填 storing。
20.（2023·江西省重点中学盟校联考） Now, the province has some 75 ski resorts, which can handle up to
100,000 people a day, (make) Jilin the skiing hub of the country.
【答案】making
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：现在，吉林有大约 75 个滑雪场，每天可接待多达 10 万人，使吉林成为全 国滑雪中心。分析句子可知， 动词 make 的逻辑主语是前面的句子， 两者之间是主谓关系， 应用现在分词作
结果状语，故填 making。
21.（2023·江苏省徐州市第七中学 9 月摸底学情调研）The spicy hot pot featured in Sichuan is probably the most famous among the native Chinese. When (visit) Chongqing, you will have an opportunity to taste
authentic (真正的) Chinese hot pot.
【答案】visiting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：游览重庆，您将有机会品尝到正宗的中国火锅。分析句子结构可知，空 处应填非谓语动词与 when 构成时间状语，visit 和逻辑主语 you 之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填
visiting。
22. （2023 · 河北省石家庄市二 中模拟 ） However, the environment around Hongjiannao Lake worsened,
(cast) a shadow over the species.
【答案】casting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，红碱淖湖周围的环境恶化，给该物种蒙上了阴影。分析句子结构， 空白处在句子中作状语，应使用非谓语动词形式，因与其逻辑主语 the environment 之间为逻辑上的主谓关
系，应使用现在分词，故填 casting。
23.（江苏省无锡市 2022-2023 学年高三上学期期中）Recently, Laurence J. Brahm, a documentary filmmaker from the United States, explored this question in Searching for Kung Fu. In the movie, Brahm embarked(开启)on a kung fu pilgrimage(朝圣之旅). (travel) to cities in China and the US in search of the origin and value of
kung fu.
【答案】travel(l)ing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Brahm 开始了一场功夫朝圣之旅，前往中国和美国的城市，寻找功夫的 起源和价值。非谓语动词担当后置定语， 和所修饰词 pilgrimage 之间存在主动关系， 用现在分词形式。故填
travel(l)ing。
24.（2023·湖南省常德市第一中学 5 月试题） The cheongsam, whose neck is high, collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be either short, medium or full length, (depend) on seasons
or tastes.
【答案】depending
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根分析句子可知， depend 作状语， depend 与逻辑主语 The cheongsam
是主动关系，用现在分词，故填 depending。
25.（2023·辽宁省辽西联合校联考） (combine)Chinese music and global folk music, he has posted
17 videos on social media platforms so far, gaining millions of views.
【答案】Combining
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他结合了中国音乐和全球民间音乐， 目前已经在社交媒体平台上发布了 17
个视频，获得了数百万的观看量。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，所以 combine 用非谓语形式，
它的逻辑主语是 he，和 combine 之间是主动关系，应该用现在分词作方式状语，位于句首，首字母应大写。
故填 Combining。
26.（2023 届广东省深圳市高三年级二调试题）The collision(碰撞)between the 1,600℃ liquid metal and the
frozen brick creates a waterfall of sparks(火花) (fall) over him, equally beautiful and dangerous.
【答案】falling
【解析】考查非谓语的现在分词形式。句意：1600℃的液态金属和冰冻的砖块之间的碰撞产生了火花瀑布， 同样美丽又危险。此处为“产生掉落在他身上的火花”，其中 sparks 和 fall 之间是主动关系， 是现在分词作后
置定语。故填 falling。
27.（河北省石家庄市2023 年高三第二学期全过程试题） (suffer) from cataracts (白内障),Zhang faces
grave challenges in learning.
【答案】Suffering
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意： 由于患有白内障，张慧玉在学习上面临着严峻的挑战。谓语动词是
faces ，suffer 使用非谓语动词形式，和主语 Zhang 构成主动的关系，应用现在分词形式。故填 Suffering。
28.（2023 届山东省齐鲁名校大联盟高三下学期三模试题）Steve and Janet Kistler from the American state
of Kentucky are among those (involve) themselves in it.
【答案】Suffering
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：来自美国肯塔基州的 Steve 和 Janet Kistler 也参与其中。这里为非谓语动
词担当 those 的后置定语，和 those 之间为主动关系，用动词的 ing 形式。故填 involving。
29. （2023 · 江 苏 省 常州 市 教 育 学会 学业 水平监测 ）France’s goalkeeper Hugo Lloris made his 142nd
appearance, (come) level(平齐的) with Lilian Thuram as his country’s most-capped player.
【答案】coming
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：法国队门将 Hugo Lloris 第 142 次出场，追平了 Lilian Thuram，成为法国出
场次数最多的球员。设空处为非谓语动词，和句子主语是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填
coming。
30.（2023·湖北省腾云联盟八月联考）Upon its completion, the giant ship will displace (排水) more than 80, 000
metric tons of water, it the largest and mightiest warship any Asian nation has ever built.
【答案】making
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：建成后，这艘巨轮的排水量将超过 8 万公吨，使其成为亚洲国家有史以 来建造的最大、最强大的军舰。分析句子结构可知 make 在句中应用非谓语动词形式， 此处应用现在分词作
结果状语，表示理所当然的结果。故填 making。
二、单项选择
1 ．（2023·天津 ·耀华中学校考一模） On Felton Place, a street in Madison, Wisconsin, there is a very small library
about 20 books.
A ．holding B ．held C ．to hold D ．having held
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在威斯康星州麦迪逊市的费尔顿街上，有一个非常小的里面有大约 20 本
书的图书馆。分析句子结构可知 hold 与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故选 A。
2 ．（2023·天津河北 · 统考二模） The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, us that we must continue to
reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem.
A ．reminded B ．to be reminded C ．reminding D ．having reminded
【答案】C
【详解】考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：挑战者号的牺牲呼唤着我们，提醒着我们必须继续探索星空，
不管它们看起来有多遥远。句子主语 The sacrifice of the Challenger 和 remind 之间是主动关系，是现在分词
作伴随状语。故选 C。
3 ．（2023·天津河北 · 统考一模） Today, Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination sites with
UNESCO-protected heritage status.
A ．to boast B ．being boasted C ．boasted D ．boasting
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，敦煌是一个世界级的旅游目的地，拥有联合国教科文组织保护的 遗产地位。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，动词 boast 和逻辑主语 Dunhuang 为主动关系，
所以为现在分词形式。故选 D 项。
4 ．（2023·天津 · 校联考一模） in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food
from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and a fork.
A ．To grow up B ．Being grown up C ．Growing up D ．Grown up
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我在英国长大，父亲是英国人，母亲是中国人。自从我能够拿起刀叉以 来，我就喜欢上了这两个国家的食物。分析句子可知， 空处缺少非谓语动词作句子的状语， 逻辑主语 I 与 grow
up 构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词 growing。故选 C 项。
5 ．（2023·天津滨海新 · 校联考一模） A heavy snow hit our area for the first time this year, great
inconvenience to traffic and transportation.
A ．causing B ．caused C ．to cause D ．having caused
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今年我们地区第一次下暴雪，对交通运输造成极大不便。分析句子结构 可知， 句中已有谓语动词“hit”，故空处需要用非谓语动词形式， 主语“A heavy snow”和“cause”之间是主动关
系，故用现在分词作状语，此处不强调动作的先后，用一般式即可，故选 A 项。
6 ．（2023 秋 · 天津 · 高三天津市第四十二中学校考期末） —I failed this monthly examination.
—It doesn’t matter. Faced with failure, we should keep enthusiastic, ourselves that we can overcome it.
A ．convinced B ．convincing C ．to convince D ．convince
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意： ——这次月考我没及格。 ——没关系。面对失败，我们应该保持热情，
说服自己， 我们可以克服它。分析句子结构可知 convince 与逻辑主语 we 构成主动关系， 故用现在分词作状
语。故选 B。
7 ．（2023·天津红桥 · 统考一模） BYD Motor is designing more new models, a 20 percent growth in sales
this year.
A ．eyeing B ．eyes C ．eyed D ．having eyed
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：比亚迪汽车正在设计更多的新车型，希望今年的销量能增长 20%。分析 句子结构可知 eye 与逻辑主语 BYD Motor is designing more new models 构成主动关系， 故用现在分词作状语。
故选 A。
8 ．（2023·天津和平 · 统考一模） I was 12 and , all my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at the new school.
A ．lost B ．having been lost C ．having lost D ．losing
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我 12 岁，失去了所有的老朋友，在新学校我感到害羞和孤独。空处应填
非谓语动词作状语， lose 与逻辑主语 I 构成主动关系，且动词已经完成，应用现在分词的完成式 having
done。故选 C。
9 ．（2023·河南郑州 · 郑州外国语学校校考模拟预测） All members voted the Most Influential
Figures of 2020, an overwhelming 80% Zhong Nanshan.
A ．voted; for; voting for B ．voting; for; voted for
C ．voting; on; voting for D ．voted; on; voted for
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词、固定短语和非谓语。句意：所有投票成员都参与了“2020 年最具影响力人物” 的投票， 80%的人投票给了钟南山。分析句子可知，第一个空处需使用形容词作定语对名词 members 进行修饰；第 二个空考查固定短语中介词的使用， vote on 意为“就……表决”；第三个空考查非谓语， an overwhelming 80%
与 vote 是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词表主动。故选 C。
10 ．（2023·天津滨海新 · 统考三模） —What matters for the cooperation between companies
— differences in a sincere way.
A ．Approached B ．Having approached
C ．To be approached D ．Approaching
【答案】D
【详解】考查动名词。句意： ——什么对企业之间的合作很重要？ —— 以真诚的方式处理分歧。回答 what
应用动名词或动词不定式。根据句意可知，应该用动名词的一般式。故选 D。
11 ．（2023·天津红桥 · 统考二模） —What in the world put you in a really bad mood
— in the traffic for hours.
________
A ．Stuck
B ．Being stuck
C ．To be stuck
D ．Sticking
【答案】B
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：——到底是什么让你心情不好？—— 陷入交通堵塞几个小时。 be stuck in 为固定短语， 意为“ 陷入” ，结合上文的“What”可知， 此处需要主语， 需用动名词形式作主语。故
选 B。
12 ．（2023 秋 · 天津河西 · 高三统考期末） Some new ideas sometimes have to wait for years before .
A ．fully accepting B ．are fully accepted
C ．being fully accepted D ．having fully accepted
【答案】C
【详解】考查动名词的被动式。句意：有些新想法有时需要等待数年才能被完全接受。 before 为介词，而并
非连词，因此后面用动名词， ideas 与 accept 有逻辑上被动关系，因此本空用动名词的被动式。故选 C 项。
真题演练
(
2023
年
)
1.【2023 年全国乙卷】 46 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 47 (amaze) by the
co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly
growing. ...As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 48 (record) everything I discovered.
【46 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的 10 年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市 如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I ”之间为主 动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years ”可知， 用完成时态， 由此推断， 空处用现在分词的完成时态。
置于句首，首字母大写。故填 Having visited。
【47 题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的 10 年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市 如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. ”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语 I 和动词 amaze 之
间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填 was amazed。
【48 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.
花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填 recording。
2.【2023 年全国乙卷】 She went right into the shower to washing it, but it was no use.
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：她直接走进淋浴间去洗， 但是没有用。此处不定式表目的， 应用动词原形。故 washing
改为 wash。
3.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese
zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
【40 题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查
从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，且与 visit 为逻辑上的主谓关系。故填 visiting。
4.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 44 (rare) enough, yet two
seems greedy, so I am always left 45 (want) more next time.
【44 题详解】
考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买， 一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。
修饰形容词用副词作状语， rarely“少有 ”，故填 rarely。
【45 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买， 一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次 再买。分析句子可知， 此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语 ”，本句是被动语态， want 是主语补足语， 根据句意，
I 与 want 之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词 wanting。故填 wanting。
5.【2023 年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, 44 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful
existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 45 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old
fables.
【44 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意： “从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起
享受着和平的生活， ”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为
town ，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词 where 引导。故填 where。
【45 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意： “从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一
起享受着和平的生活， ”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语
动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语 her fable 与 borrow 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故
填 borrowing。
7. 【2023 年北京卷】She called for action 19 (address)the struggles of people around the world
20 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running
through a global campaign called“Run Blue” .
【19 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏 ”的人们的斗争。分析句
子结构可知 address 在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填 to address。
【20 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏 ”的人们的斗争。分析句
子结构可知 face 与逻辑主语 people 构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填 facing。
(
2022
年
)
1.【2022 新高考 I 卷】 (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the
GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
答案： Covering
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。 设空处在句中作非谓语， cover 和句子的逻辑主语 the GPNP 为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状
语，首字母大写。故填 Covering。
2.【2022 全国甲卷】He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, (plan) to hike back
to Xi’an in five months.
答案： planning
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：9 月 20 日，他从 4700 公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到 西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词 flew，所以动词 plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan 与主语 He 之间
为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填 planning。
3.【2022 全国乙卷】 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of
public promotional activities on social media, (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the
world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
答案： to strengthen; inviting
解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空：句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共 宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的 29 名茶叶专业人士进行 36 小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表 达“为了加强与年轻人的联系” ，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填 To strengthen。第二空：句意：为了加强与 年轻人的联系， 活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动， 邀请了来自世界各地的 29 名茶叶专业人士 进行 36 小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词， 逻辑主语 the event 与 invite 之间为主动关系， 所以用现在
分词作状语。故填 inviting。
4. 【2022 年新高考 2 卷】Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence,
and held out his arms to catch the 36 (fall) child.
答案： falling
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了 100 米，跳过了 1. 2 米高的栅栏， 伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的 hold out为谓语动词， 设空处应该使用非谓语动词。 根据句意，fall 为动词，意为“掉落” ， child 和 fall 之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使
用现在分词作定语。故填 falling。
5.【2022 年全国乙卷】So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution.
5.考查代词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。根据前一句中的人称 you 可知，这
里假设“你 ”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将 they 改为 you。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。本句时态为现在进行时，连
词 and 连接两个并列的现在分词，构成进行时。故将 cause 改为 causing。
6. 【2022 年全国甲卷】I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends
too late.
5. talk 前面加 to
考查短语。句意：我不愿意和他交谈，经常违反他让我不要在外面待到很晚的规定。 be willing to do 意思为：
愿意做，为固定短语。故在 talk 前面加 to。
6. stay→staying
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。 of 为介词，后面的动词 stay 用动名词形式 staying 作宾语。故将 stay 改为
staying。
7.【2022 年天津卷第二次】The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, the citizens
to enjoy the outdoors again.
A. allowing B. being allowed
C. having allowed D. having been allowed
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个城市的温度已经从历史最低温度回归正常，使得人们又重新开始享 受户外活动。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词是 have returned ，allow 用非谓语动词形式作状语，根据句意，
表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故选 A。
(
2021
年
)
1.【2021 新高考 1 卷】Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the
whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8 (ache) legs.
【答案】aching
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知， 因为名词 legs 与动词 ache 为主动关系， 所以此处应该填现
在分词作定语修饰 legs。故填 aching。
2.【2021 全国甲卷】After 4 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided
it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
【答案】spending
【解析】考查非谓语动词。 After 介词后加 doing 形式，故填 spending。
3.【2021 全国乙卷】Minimize the impact of 7 (visit) the place.
【答案】visiting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析题目，句子中已经有一个谓语动词，判断空格处填非谓语动词。空处作介
词 of 的宾语，所以应使用动名词作介词宾语。句意：最小化参观一个地方的影响。故填 visiting。
4.【2021.1 浙江卷】
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 9 (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income
and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】 living
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是因为住在乡村的人们的条件不好。分析句子结构可知 live in the
countryside 是 people 的后置定语，动词分词作定语且 live 与逻辑主语 people 是主动关系, 故答案为 living。
5.【2021 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 57 (think)it
is food.
【57 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，
2 (think)it is food.用作状语，think 与其逻辑主语 many sea animals 之间是主动关系，用现在分词，
所以填 thinking。
6.【2021 年北京卷】From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 19
(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss .
【19 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2000 年至 2019 年，全球共发生重大自然灾害 7348 起，造成经济损失 2.97 万亿美 元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world 与 result 是逻辑主谓关系， 且表示一种自然的结果， 应用现
在分词，作结果状语。故填 resulting。
7 ．【2021 年天津卷第一次】China's National Highway 318, over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to
Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A ．to extend B ．extended C ．extending D ．being extended
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道 318 号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出 5000 多公里，因为它的 令人赞叹的景观， 被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知， is known as 是整个句子的谓语动词， 所以空格 处应填非谓语动词， extend 与主语 China's National Highway 318 之间的关系为主动， 所以用 extending。故选
C。
(
2020
年
)
1.【2020 年新课标Ⅱ】They represent the earth 63. (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
63. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为 represent，所
以这里为非谓语动词。名词 earth 与 come back to 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填
coming。
4.【2020 年新课标Ⅲ】And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69. (surround) the
mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
69. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结 构可知， the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops 是独立主格结构做状语， surround 在句中应用非
谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 clouds 构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填 surrounding。
6.【2020 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations
(模拟) and imagine 42. (they) living at a different time in history or 43. (walk)through a rainforest.
42. 考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时
期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代 visitors，意为“他们自己” ，应使用反身代词。故填 themselves。
43. 考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史 时期， 或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与 living 是并列成分， 共同做 imagine 的宾补， imagine sb doing sth. “想
象某人做某事” 。故填 walking。
7. 【2020 年浙江卷 7 月】 Later ，they learned to work with the 62 (season) ，planting at the right time
and ，in dry areas ， 63 (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
【62 题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来
灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填 seasons。
【63 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水 来灌溉农田。分析句子， make 所处的分句中无主语， 故此处需用非谓语动词。 make use of 和逻辑主语 they
之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填 making。
8. 【2020 年江苏卷】The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, a new generation of virtual reality.
A. allowing for B. accounting for C. calling for D. compensating for
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:6G 的速度将超过 125 GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A. allowing for 使……成为可能， 促进…… 的发生；B. accounting for 解释；C. calling for 需要， 要求；呼吁；D. compensating for 补偿。根据空前 The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s 可知， 125 GB/s 的 6G 速度将使得新一代的虚拟现
实成为可能。故选 A。
(
2019
)
1.【2019 年全国卷 Ⅰ】 Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be
congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high)
than they actually are.
67. noting【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词 by 可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填 noting。
68. higher【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后 than they actually are 可知， 此处为形容词的比较级， 故填
higher。
2. 【 2019 年全 国卷 Ⅰ 】 To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the
playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
第六处：【解析】考查固定搭配。 “to one’s + 名词”在句中表示结果， “to one’s surprise”意思为“使某人惊讶
的是 …” 。故将 surprising 改为 surprise。
第七处： 【解析】考查名词的数。 “player（运动员） ”为可数名词，所以 all（所有的）后需要用 player 的复
数形式。故将 player 改为 players。
第八处：【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓
语动词为 cheered ，say 在这里作伴随状语。与主语 players 是主动关系，故将 say 改为 saying。
3.【2019 年全国卷Ⅱ】When we got a call 68 (say)she was short-listed ，we thought it was 69 a
joke.
68.【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式 saying 作后置定语，解
释名词 call 的内容， call 与 say 是主动关系，故填 saying。
4.【2019 年全国卷 III】On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69 (invite)to attend a private concert on a
beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars ， 70 (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
69.were invited【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知， 句子时态 为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为 we ，故填 were
invited。
70.listening【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以 70 题空格处动词 listen 应用非谓语动词 形式。听音乐这个动作是由 we 发出的， 所以选用现在分词形式。也可由 and 前后连接两个并列的结构这一
规律解题， and 后 meeting interesting locals 为分词形式，故空格处填 listening。
5.【2019 年全国卷 III】I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe....
If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
第一处： 【解析】考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语， to 后用动词原形。故把 opens 改为 open。
第八处： 【解析】考查动词的固定搭配。 succeed in doing something“成功的做了某事” 。故把 manage 改为
managing。
6.【2019 年北京卷】Nervously 2 (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to 3 (I) the two simple
words “Be yourself” .
【答案】 2. facing 3. myself
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己” 。分析句式 可知， 此处是做句子的状语， 要用非谓语动词， 其逻辑主语是 I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系， 用现在分词
作状语。故填 facing。
3.考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。本句的主语是 I，
当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填 myself。
7.【2019 年浙江卷 6 月】 When the children are walking or 59 (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car
drivers can 60 (easy) see them....
59. cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看
到它们。 or 连接两个并列成分，根据 or 前的 walking 可知，此处要用 cycling。故填 cycling。
60. easily【解析】考查副词。分析句式可知， 设空处所给词是修饰动词 see ，修饰动词要用副词， 因此， 用
easy 的副词形式。故填 easily。
8.【2019 年江苏卷】China's image is improving steadily, with more countries its role in international
affairs.
A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized
32.A【解析】考查 with 复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中
的作用。 “更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用 with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选 A。
9.【2019 年天津卷】 to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
A. Learn B. Learned
C. Learning D. Having learned
【答案】C
【解析】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而
过去分词、动词都不可以做主语。此处用动名词做主语，故选 C。