译林版(三起)英语六年级上册期末知识汇总(知识清单)

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名称 译林版(三起)英语六年级上册期末知识汇总(知识清单)
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更新时间 2024-02-06 13:30:22

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译林小学英语六年级上册Unit 1~8 知识汇总
一、语音
ar (1) 字母组合ar通常读长音/a:/
car farm dark mark party park hard arm
(2) 在非重读音节里读/ :/ popular polar
(3) 在字母w, qu之后读/ / warm war quarter
二、单词、短语和句子
1. the king’s new clothes 皇帝的新装
2. recite the text 背诵课文
3. long long ago= many years ago= long time ago 很久很久以前
4. one day 一天 (一般过去时的标志词)
5. two men (man) 两个男子
6. visit (visitor) the king 拜见国王
7. want to make new clothes for you 想为你做新衣服
8. show the king his new clothes = show his new clothes to the king
向国王展示他的新衣
9. foolish people 愚蠢的人
10 clever people 聪明的人
11. try ( tries, tried) on these magic clothes
试穿这些神奇的衣服
12. walk through the city (cities) 步行穿过城市
(walk through=go through走过;步行穿过)
13. in his new clothes 穿着他的新衣服
14. a lot of people in the street 街上的许多人
15. look at the king and shout 看着国王并大叫
16. What beautiful clothes! How beautiful the clothes are!
多漂亮的衣服啊!
17. a little boy 一个小男孩
18. point at the king 指着国王
19. laugh at him 嘲笑他
20. The king isn’t wearing any clothes! 国王什么衣服都没穿!
21. fit (fit) well 很合适(fit sb well很适合某人)
22. this afternoon 今天下午
23. get (got) a card from my good friend
从我的好朋友那儿得到一张贺卡
e to my party (parties) 来参加我的聚会
25. at half past four 在四点半
26. my left arm 我的左臂
27. think hard 苦思冥想,努力地想 work hard
28. an American cowboy 一个美国牛仔
29. wear jeans 穿牛仔裤
30. a Scottish man 一名苏格兰男子
31. wear a kilt 穿着一条苏格兰褶裥短裙
32. play a game (play games) 玩游戏
33. tell (told) a story (stories) 讲故事 tell the boy a story
34. each / every student 每个学生
35. say ( said) the next sentence 说下一个句子
say one sentence说一个句子
36. on the mountain 在山上
37. Be quick! 快点!
38. an old man 一位老人
39. live in the house 住在房子里
40. a wonderful film 一部精彩的电影
41.It’s Bobby’s turn. 轮到波比了。
It’s one’s turn 是某人的机会,轮到某人了
42. What’s next 接下来是什么?
43.in the forest 在森林里
44. have to start the story again (had)
不得不重新开始这个故事 have to+V原,start to +V原
45.in front of the house 在房子前面
46. by the house 在屋边
47.pick some flowers 摘花
48. be angry with… 生……的气
49. shout at him 对他大叫
50.be nice to her 对她好
51. give (gave) me your child (children)
= give your child to me 把你的孩子给我
52.look after 照顾 53.turn into a prince 变成一个王子
53. from my friend 来自我的朋友
54.some big animals 一些大型动物
55. understand the story 理解故事
三、重难点
1. 一般过去时:一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
标志词: just now(刚才) yesterday(昨天):
yesterday morning / afternoon
the day before yesterday
last+时间(上个…): last month / year / week
last night / yesterday evening 昨晚
…ago (…之前): long long ago
three years ago two days ago
a moment ago (片刻之前)
in+已经过去的年份(in 1998) one day 一天
this morning 今天早晨
be 句型的过去时:
am, is-----was (wasn’t) are----- were (weren’t)
I was a student seven years ago. But now I am a teacher.
There were some books on the desk just now. But there aren’t any now.
do句型的过去时:动词用过去式
They listened to music yesterday. She washed clothes last Saturday.
2. 规则动词过去式的变化:
a. 一般加ed: work —worked, listen —listened, cook —cooked, wash —washed
b. 以e结尾加d: live —lived, love —loved, dance —danced, use —used
c. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加ed: stop —stopped chat—chatted plan—planned slip—slipped travel—travelled
d. 以辅音字母加y 结尾的词,变y为i,加ed: study — studied, try —tried, cry —cried
3. 规则动词过去式词尾ed的发音:
a. 在以清辅音结尾的规则动词后, -ed读作/ t /.(常见的清辅音有:/k/, /p/, /s/, / /,/t /,/f/等)
surfed looked walked asked helped danced washed brushed watched laughed
b. 在以/t/或/d/结尾的规则动词后, ed读作/Id /
collected visited wanted started needed
c. 在以浊辅音或元音结尾的规则动词后, ed读作/d /
showed called cleaned played
4. 不规则动词:
get-- got say-- said have-- had become—became am, is -- was tell--told think--thought begin—began write-- wrote drive--drove run--ran bite—bit read--read see--saw stand--stood put--put bring—brought eat--ate buy--bought can--could
drink--drank sleep--slept come--came catch—caught cut--cut do--did draw--drew fall--fell feel--felt fight--fought find—found fit--fit fly--flew give—gave go--went swim--swam grow--grew hear—heard hit--hit hold--held hurt-hurt are—were keep--kept know--knew leave--left let—let light--lit lose--lost make--made mean--meant
meet--met ride--rode send--sent sing—sang sit--sat smell—smelt speak--spoke spell--spelt sweep—swept take--took teach—taught throw--threw wake--woke wear—wore win--won
5. Long long ago, there was / were…常用于童话、寓言或民间故事等的开头,还可以说:Many years ago和Once upon a time, 句中的be动词还可以用lived。
如:Many years ago, there lived a king.
6. 介词in与表示衣物或颜色的词连用,表示“穿着,戴着”。
in beautiful clothes the girl in red
in(介词)与wear(动词)意思相近,但词性与用法不同。
The girl in a red skirt is Mary. Mary wears a red skirt.
7.近义短语:put on 穿上
put on 穿上,戴上,着重于动作; He put on his coat and went out.
wear 穿着,戴着,着重于状态。 I like to wear jeans.
8. clothes 衣服、服装。只能做复数,不能与具体的数词连用,但可以说many / some / clothes.
9. each 每个,单数。强调个别,有各自的含义。
Each student has his or her own habits.
every 紧接的单词用单数,every teacher;强调整体,有“所有人”的含义。
Every student in this class has a bike.
every还可以这样用: every two weeks, every three years
10. tell the boy a story tell常用作及物动词,后面常跟两个宾语:tell sb. sth.
Please tell us the good news. tell sb. to do sth.
11. point at意为“指着”,强调对象 ;离说话人较近的事物。
point to意为“指向”,强调方向;离说话人较远的事物。
Point out意为“指出”
12. shout at sb.(因生气)对某人大喊 shout to sb. (为了使对方听到) 对某人大喊
13. laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 laugh to sb. 对某人大笑(善意地)
四、文化部分
The American cowboy is wearing jeans.
美国牛仔代表着不朽的美国精神:英勇、勤劳、思想自由。牛仔们穿的牛仔裤始于十九世纪五十年代末期。当时,布商李维·斯特劳斯来到美国旧金山,用制作帐幕用的厚实帆布,裁做了低腰、直腿、臀围紧小的裤子出售给淘金工人,大受欢迎。后来牛仔也喜欢上了这种用帆布做的耐穿的裤子,牛仔裤便渐渐流行起来。
The Scottish man is wearing a kilt.
苏格兰短裙是一种以格子花纹布料制造的裙子,本来是为苏格兰工人设计的制服。后来,这种由传统苏格兰格子披肩长袍裁成的短裙,在18世纪末期起被作为苏格兰高地的民族服装。全套的kilt包括一条及膝的方格呢裙、一件色调一致的背心、一件花呢夹克、一双长筒针织袜、一条宽腰皮带和一条披在肩上的花呢毯。
Unit 2
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一、短语
1.a sunny morning 一个晴朗的早上
2. by bike/ride a bike 骑自行车
3.a parrot show一场鹦鹉展
4.become windy变得有风
5.fly kites=fly a kite 放风筝
6.in the sky 在空中
7.bring some drinks 带一些饮料
8.some black clouds 一些黑云
9.hungry and wet又湿又饿
10.rain all day 整天下雨
11. bring...to... 带......到......
12.look sad 看起来伤心
13.this morning 今天早上
14.climb up the hill爬上小山
15.fly high 飞得高
16.hold onto 抓紧
17.fly away 飞走
18.near the hill 在小山附近
19.have a picnic 野餐
20.do the housework做家务
21.What a day!多么糟糕的一天啊!
22.What happened 出什么事了?
23.want to know why想知道为什么
询问天气:What is the weather like
=How is the weather 天气怎样?
表示天气的句型: It be +形容词
It is sunny/cloudy/windy/rainy.
It’s time to +动词原形
It’s time for +名词
该吃午饭的时候了。It’s time to have lunch.
动词
It’s time for lunch.
名词
20th September(读法:the twentieth of September)
日期表达:the +序数词+of+月份
the fifth of July 7月5日
月份:一月January(Jan.)
二月份February(Feb.)
三月份March(Mar.)
四月份April(Apr.)
五月份May (May)
六月份June (Jun.)
七月份(July (Jul.)
八月份August(Aug.)
九月份September(Sept.)
十月份October(Oct.)
十一月份November (Nov.)
十二月份December(Dec.)
在月份前面用介词in
eg: in January 在一月 in August 在八月
序数词:第1 first 第2 second 第3third
第4 fourth 第5 fifth 第6 sixth
第7 seventh 第8 eighth 第9 ninth
第10 tenth 第11 eleventh
第12 twelfth 第13 thirteenth
第14 fourteenth 第15 fifteenth
第16 sixteenth 第17 seventeenth
第18 eighteenth 第19 nineteenth
第20 twentieth 第21twenty-first 第30 thirtieth
第32 thirty-second 第40 fortieth 第43 forty- third
第50 fiftieth 第54 fifty-fourth 第60 sixtieth
第65 sixty-fifth 第70 seventieth 第76 seventy-sixth
第80 eightieth 第87 eighty-seventh 第90 ninetieth
第98 ninety-eighth
基数词:
1 one 2 two 3three 4 four 5 five
6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten
11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen
15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen
19 nineteen 20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty
50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety
星期: 星期天Sunday 星期一Monday 星期二Tuesday
星期三Wednesday 星期四Thursday 星期五Friday
星期六Saturday
在星期几前面用介词on
eg: onSaturday在周六 onSunday morning在星期天早上
Unit 3
降调:
肯定句:I’m a student
特殊疑问句:Where does he come from
感叹句:What a nice day!
升调:
一般疑问句:Are there any apples on the table
回答用降调:Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
选择问句——前升最后降:
Are we going by bike, bus, or taxi (bike, bus 升,taxi降)
祈使句——可升可降,表示命令、不客气,语气强硬用降调:
Don't take any chance.
表示勉励、态度和蔼亲切或客气的请求, 用升调:
Cheer up.
二、单词、短语和句子
1. holiday fun 节日乐趣
2. come back to school 回到学校
3. after the National Day holiday国庆假日之后
4. Where did you go for the holiday 放假你去了哪儿?
5. call you 打电话给你
6. at home在家
7. go to Shanghai去上海
8. visit my aunt 拜访我的阿姨
9. What did you do 你做了什么?
10. go to the Bund去外滩
11. visit the Shanghai Museum参观上海博物馆
12. see many interesting things看见许多有趣事
13. How was your holiday 你的假期怎么样?
14. It was great fun. 它太有趣了。
15. our family我们的家人
16. go to a farm去农场
17. near Star Lake在星星湖边
18. pick some oranges 摘了一些橘子
19. go fishing 去钓鱼 21. the Great Wall 长城
20. catch some fish 钓一些鱼
21. 钓了一条大鱼 catch a big fish
22. want to give you the fish=want to give the fish to you
想要把鱼给你
23. the Palace Museum故宫
24. the Summer Palace 颐和园
25. Tian’anmen Square天安门广场
26. talk about your travel experiences 谈论你的旅游经历
27. pick an orange for me 为我摘只橘子
28. want an orange from the tree想要树上的一只橘子
29. want a fish from the sea想要海里的一条鱼
31. in the UK在英国
30. three main school holidays三个主要的学校假日
32. the Easter holiday复活节假期
33. the summer holiday 暑假
34. the Christmas holiday圣诞假期
35. It is time for dinner = It’s time to have dinner. 该吃晚饭了。
e home late 回家晚了
37. have a fashion show举行一场时装秀
38. 喜爱漂亮的衣服 love beautiful clothes
39. be excited about/at the fashion show对时装表演很兴奋
40. love fashion shows喜爱时装秀
41. What great fun! 多么有趣!
42. wear a paper T-shirt and paper shorts穿一件纸T恤和纸短裤
43. ask sb. about sth. 询问某人有关某事
44. wear paper clothes穿着纸衣服
45. wear a lot of bottles 穿了许多瓶子
46. ask about the show打听有关表演的事
47. go well进展顺利
48. at first 起初
49. heavy rain大雨
50. too bad 太糟糕了
51. the Car Museum汽车博物馆
52. see many cool cars 看见许多很酷的小汽车
53. go to the cinema去电影院
54. watch a new film看一部新电影
55. have a birthday party举行一个生日派对
56. meet many friends遇见很多朋友
57. wash one’s car 洗车
三、重难点
1. 一般过去时的各种句型转换:
(1)一般疑问句及其肯定和否定回答:
A: Did you catch any fish B: Yes, I did. /No, I didn’t.
(2)由Where, What和Why 引导的特殊疑问句的问答:
A: Where did you go for the holiday B: I went to a farm. (重在回答地点)
A: What did you do for the holiday B:I visited the Shanghai Museum. (重在事情。)
A:Why did you call me B: Because I wanted to give you the fish. (重在陈述原因。)
(3) 由How引导的特殊疑问句, 怎么样,在这里询问情况:
A: How was your holiday B: It was great fun.
How was your weekend How was your birthday party
2. the的用法:本单元重在讲述travel experiences(旅游经历),旅游景点都是唯一的,作为唯一性的名词前均须加上the。如:the Bund, the Shanghai Museum, the Great Wall, the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace, the Tian’anmen Square.
3. excited 兴奋的,激动的 一般用来形容人
be excited at 与be excited about常互用,后+v-ing.
exciting 令人兴奋的,使人激动的 一般用来形容事或物
The film was very exciting.
Liu Tao is very excited about the exciting game.
be excited by 被……而激动;be excited for 因/为……而激动;
4. ask…about 表示问某人有关某事 ask her about the film
ask about 表示打听 ask about the show
ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 The teacher asked David to hand in his homework.
She asks Mary. 她问了玛丽。 She asked about Mary. 她问了有关玛丽的情况。
5. holiday fun 假日乐趣 fun在这里是抽象名词,不可数,乐趣。
Swimming is great / good / a lot of fun. What fun it is!
funny 形容词 搞笑的,有趣的 The film is very funny.
6. go well 进展顺利
---How is everything going ---Everything is going very well.
7. 本单元中一些介词的用法:
after the National Day holiday on National Day at home near Star Lake
talk about pick an orange for me want an orange from the tree
in the UK It is time for dinner. ask sb. about sth.
ask about the show at first be excited about
四、文化板块
These are three main school holidays in the UK. They are the Easter holiday, the summer holiday and the Christmas holiday.
Easter(复活节)在英国,复活节是仅次于圣诞节的重大节日。复活节是每年春分月圆之后第一个星期日,节期大概在三月二十二日至四月二十五日之间。学校里通常在这个期间放假两周,也叫春假。制作复活节彩蛋是复活节期间最重要的、最有趣的习俗。复活节前,孩子们都会与家人一起将各种颜料涂在蛋壳上,制作彩蛋。在复活节当天,父母会把这些蛋藏在家里不同的角落,让孩子去找。
Summer holiday(暑假) 在英国,每个学校放暑假的时间都不一样,通常是在七月中下旬到九月初期间,长约六个星期。
Christmas(圣诞节) 圣诞节是英国一年中最重要的节日。圣诞节过后就是新年,因此,学校会将两个节日连在一起安排,一般是两周,也通常称为寒假。
Unit 4
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一、语音
er / / teacher sister mother father brother water
/ : / her term
My mother is a teacher. She works hard every day. My cousin is a worker. Now he’s on holiday.
二、单词、短语和句子
then and now 过去和现在
twenty years ago 二十年前
do many things 做许多事情
write letters to his friends 给他的朋友写信
in the office 在办公室
6. use the telephone to call people 用电话来联络别人
call people with a telephone
7. have a mobile phone 有一部手机
8.read an e-book 看一本电子书
9. also 也
10. write emails 写电子邮件
write an email 写一封电子邮件
11.anywhere 任何地方
call people anywhere 随处给人打电话
12. read newspapers for news 读报纸来获取新闻
13. listen to the radio 听收音机
14. watch news( on the Internet) (在因特网上)看新闻 read and watch news 阅读和观看新闻
15. make friends at school 在学校交朋友
16.buy things from shops 从商店里买东西
17. have e-friends from all over the world
拥有来自全世界的网友 all over the world全世界
18. do(some) shopping 购物
do shopping on the Internet 在网上购物/网购
19. remember these words 记住这些单词
21. work hard 努力工作(学习)
20. stick two photos 贴两张照片 stick a photo of yourself 贴一张你自己的照片
22. on holiday 度假中
23. summer and winter 夏天和冬天
24. the Americans 美国人
25. invent the aeroplane 发明了飞机 2
6. the British 英国人
27. invent the train 发明了火车
28. an English lesson 一节英语课
29. look out of the window 向窗外
30. listen to me 听我说
31. go on 继续
32. still 仍然
33. spell the word 拼读这个单词
34. Wednesday 周三
35. get angry 变得生气
36. make a sentence with “egg” 用“egg”造句
make a sentence 造句
37. wait for the answer 等待答案
38. review the simple past tense 复习一般过去时
39. What couldn’t they do 他们不能做什么?
pare the past with the present 比较过去和现在
41. This was me six years ago. 这是六年前的我。
三、重难点
make friends 结交朋友
make friends with… 与…交朋友
Mike likes to make friends with teachers.
2. go on 继续下去
The lesson goes on.
The party went on until midnight. 派对一直持续到半夜。
3. get angry 这里的get 是连系动词,常与形容词连用,表示进入或变为某种状态,意思为变成、变得。
It’s getting cold.
The days get shorter and the nights get longer in autumn.
4. use…to… 用…做…
use a pen to write = write with a pen
use和with都有用的意思,use是动词,with是介词,用法不同
with的用法:
a. 和 I played football with my brother last Sunday.
b. 长着 The boy with a big nose likes apples very much.
c. 拥有 I have a bird with a broken leg.
d. 用 He writes with a pen from his mum.
I cut the apple with a sharp knife.
Make a sentence with “egg”.
5. 表示以前没有某物的句型
There was no + 单数名词或不可数名词 + 过去时间。There was no library in my old school. There were no + 复数名词 + 过去时间。There were no computers or Internet in my time.
注意:no+ 名词相当于not a / an / any + 名词。
There wasn’t a computer room in the school. = There was no computer in the school.
6. 表示“某国人”的名词复数有三种情况:
a. Japanese, Chinese复数不变
b. Frenchman, Englishman, Dutchman等 复数 把 “a” 改为 “e”.
c. German, Russian, American, Indian, Italian, Korean等 复数加 “s”.
7. news 不可数 a piece of news 一则新闻
paper 不可数 a piece of paper 一张纸
newspaper 可数 read newspapers
8. watch 观看,尤指看电视,看球赛等。
see 强调看的结果,意为“看到,看见”。
look (1)强调看的动作,与at连用后加看的对象;
(2)看起来….(系动词+形容词)
read 后接纸张类阅读物,如书,报纸,杂志,小说,地图等。
记忆口诀: watch 观看see 结果look 动作read 纸张
9. 一些动词与介词的搭配:
give…to…
show…to…
write…to…
bring…to
take…to…
use…to…
sent…to…
buy…for
make…for…
ask…for…
thank…for…
take…with…
help …with… say / speak / walk / talk to…
四、文化板块
The Americans invented the aeroplane.
The British invented the train.
飞机是人类在20世纪最重要的发明之一,有人将它与电视和电脑并列为20世纪对人类影响最大的三大发明。关于世界上最早的飞机到底是由谁发明的虽然还有争议,但是目前较为普遍的看法认为是美国的莱特兄弟发明了飞机。
Unit 5
图片
图片
一、词组
1、在购物中心 at a shopping centre
2、当心!小心!Be careful
3、看见标志 see the sign
4、一家果汁店 a juice shop
5、想要一些果汁 want some juice
6、进入go in
7、带着你的果汁进入商店
take your juice into the shop
8、吃面eat some noodles
9、在一家饭馆 at a restaurant
10、 闻到它 smell it
11、请勿饮食!No eating or drinking!
12、请勿乱丢垃圾!No littering!
13、请勿停车!No parking!
14、请勿吸烟!No smoking!
15、危险!Danger!
16、 小心地滑!Wet floor!
17、这么高兴 so happy
18、在英国 in the UK
19、在美国 in the US
20、把地铁叫做“underground” call the metro"underground"
21、把地铁叫做“subway” call the metro ”subway”
22、外出游玩 be on an outing
23、在森林中 in the forest
24、该吃午饭了time for lunch
25、感到又累又饿 feel tired and hungry
26、寻找我的香蕉look for my bananas
27、带些作午餐bring some for lunch
28、给山姆一个香蕉give Sam a banana
29、要一个 want one
30、继续走 walk on
31、在一棵树上发现标志 find a sign on the tree
32、吃香蕉 eat bananas
33、看见许多猴子围着他们
see a lot of monkeys around them
34、看着鲍比的香蕉look at Bobby’s bananas
35、知道为什么 know why
36、一些公共地方 some public places
37、禁止践踏草坪!Keep off the grass!
38、请勿钓鱼!No fishing!
39、请勿游泳!No swimming!
40、请勿携带宠物!No pets!
41、保持安静!Be / Keep quiet!
42、请勿爬树!No climbing!
43、请勿奔跑!No running!
44、请勿拍照!No cameras!
45、请勿打电话!No mobile phones!
二、句型
1.What does it mean 它表示什么意思?
It means the floor is wet.它表示地是滑的。
It means you can’t litter here.
它表示你不能在这儿乱丢垃圾。
It means you can’t eat or drink.
它表示你不能吃或喝。
It means you can’t smoke here.
它表示你不能在这儿吸烟。
2. No eating or drinking!请勿吃喝!
3. No littering!请勿乱丢垃圾!
4. No parking!请勿停车!
5. No smoking!请勿吸烟!
6. Danger!危险!
7. Wet floor!小心地滑!
8. Be careful!当心!
9. Do you want some juice
你想要一些果汁吗?
10. What do these signs mean
这些标志什么意思?
11. Helen wants to go in.海伦想要进来。
12. Is someone smoking 有人吸烟吗?
13. I can smell it.我能闻到它。
14. Bobby and Sam are on an outing in the forest.
鲍比和山姆在森林里游玩。
15. I know why we shouldn’t eat bananas here!
我知道为什么我们不应该在这儿吃香蕉了!
三、语音
ir bird dirty girl shirt skirt birthday
thirty thirsty first third circle
四、语法
1、公共标识的英文构成方式有:
● No+ doing, 如:No smoking! No eating or drinking!...
● No+名词复数 如:No pets! No cameras!...
●名词或名词短语 如:Danger!…
● 祈使句,如Turn right! Be quiet!...
2、No eating or drinking! 请勿饮食!
●在否定句中,如果要否定两种或多种事物时,一般要用连词or,意思是“也不”。如:
He can’t read or write. 他不会读,也不会写。
He never smokes or drinks. 他从不抽烟,也不喝酒。
3、You can’t take your juice into the shop, Helen.海伦,你不能把果汁带进书店里。
●take和 bring在意义和用法上的区别:
一般来说,take 表示从说话者所处位置向另一处,意思是“带去”;而bring表示从别处向说话者所处位置,意思是“带来”。如:
Su Yang, please bring the book to me and take the flowers to Helen.苏洋,请把那本书拿给我,再把这些花带给海伦。
4、Bobby and Sam are on an outing in the forest.鲍比和萨姆在森林里游玩。
●on an outing 是“在远足”、“在郊游”的意思。表示“去郊游”时,还可以说go on an outing, go for an outing, have an outing …
●on 在这里用于说明活动或状态,表示“在从事……中”、“处于……情况下”的意思。
5、Bobby and Sam walk on.博比和萨姆继续走着。
●on 在这里是个副词,意思是“继续下去”。
The lesson goes on. 课继续进行下去。
6、on the tree 和in the tree 的区别:
on the tree 表示东西附着在树上或者花果等东西长在树上。如:
There are many pears on the tree.树上结着许多梨子。
in the tree 表示外来的东西在树上。如:
Look! There is a bird in the tree. 瞧!树上有一只鸟。
Unit 6
图片
图片
一、单词、短语和句子
keep our city clean (cities) 保持我们城市整洁
these pictures of our city 我们城市的图片
What makes our city dirty
什么使我们的城市变脏?
4. smoke from cars 汽车尾气
5. black smoke from factories
来自工厂的黑烟
6. make the streets messy and dirty
使街道变得又脏又乱
7. in the water 在水里
8. The fish are dead. 鱼死了。
dead fish 死鱼
9. What can we do to keep our city clean
为了保持我们的城市整洁,我们可以做什么?
10. take the bus and the metro to school
乘公共汽车和地铁去上学
11. walk to school 步行上学
12. move some factories away from our city
把工厂搬走
13. put rubbish in the bin 把垃圾扔进垃圾桶
14. plant more trees 种更多的树
15. help keep the air clean有助于保持空气洁净
16. a good idea 一个好主意 an idea
17. Well done! 做得好!
18. We can also… 我们还可以……
19. give a speech on this topic
针对这个话题做个演讲
20. sweep the floor 扫地
21. clean the desks and chairs 擦桌子和椅子
22. throw rubbish on the floor 把垃圾扔在地板上
23. two little blackbirds 两只小黑鸟
24. sit on the hill 坐在小山上
25. fly away 飞走
e back 回来
27. walk home 步行回家
28. after school 放学后
29. like living in the city 喜欢住在城市里
30. many cinemas 许多电影院
31. throw a banana skin on the ground
把香蕉皮扔在地上
32. pick it up 捡起它
33. too late 太迟了
34. slip on the banana skin 在香蕉皮上滑倒
35. go to hospital去医院(看病)
36. how to keep our school clean
如何保持我们学校整洁
37. To keep the park clean, we can put rubbish in the bin. = We can put rubbish in the bin to keep the park clean.
38. The clothes make the bed messy.
衣服使床乱了。
二、重难点
1. keep our city clean
keep既是实义动词又可以做系动词,其中做系动词的时候,后面加上形容词。
keep quite 保持… 过去式kept keep fit
keep sth / sb.+形容词,表示“保持某人或某物的某种状态”。
Please keep your clothes clean.
Put on this pair of gloves. They will keep your hands warm.
keep的其它用法:
keep off 远离,避开,让开
keep off the grass
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
keep doing sth. 一直做某事
keep a pet 养宠物
2. put…in/on/under…意为:把…放在…里/上/下
其中put on 还有“穿上”或“表演”的意思
put on a play
3. pick…up 捡起,拾起。后面接的人称代词的时候要用宾格,并且放在pick up中间,如:pick it up, pick them up。如果后面接的是名词时,可以放在中间或是后面, pick the pen up / pick up the pen
4. slip on the banana skin 踩到香蕉皮滑倒
slip的现在分词slipping 过去式slipped
5. walk home = go home on foot
步行回家,其中“home”是副词,walk后不需要加介词to,用法类似的有here,there come here go there walk there
其他表示地点的名词和walk连用时,要加to 如:walk to the park
6. I like living in the city。live in 是居住在哪里,强调的是地点 live with 和谁一起住,强调的是人,并且后面用宾格。
7. What makes our city clean make+复合宾语(名/代词+形)表示“使...变得...” make me sad
Rubbish makes the streets messy and dirty.
Fruit can make us healthy and strong.
注意:make前是特殊疑问词what, who, which等作主语时,这些疑问词相当于第三人称单数,所以一般现在时动词make加s
8. smoke 既是动词,吸烟,又是不可数名词:烟雾 雾霾smog
9. What can we do to keep our city clean 句中“to”意思是“为了”,表示目的。 to+V原形
Tina’s friends come to see her.
10. fall down 倒下来 fall的过去式fell fall作为名词,秋天(autumn)
11. keep quiet 保持… keep+形容词
keep off 远离,避开,让开 keep off the grass
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
keep doing sth. 一直做某事 keep a pet 养宠物
12. They help keep the air clean. 它们有助于保持空气洁净。
help 和keep之间的to省略了。
Can you help (to) open the window
Let me help (to) sweep the floor.
help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事
I often help my mother cook dinner on Fridays.
13. go to hospital / go to the hospital
前者为去医院看病,后者为去医院上班或者看病人。类似的有in hospital / in the hospital
14. We can move some factories away from our city. 我们可以把一些工厂从城市搬走。
Move…away是“搬走”、“移走”的意思。
Please move your car away. 请把你的车开走。
15. 不可数名词:air/ smoke /juice /milk/ water /tea /coffee /bread/ news/ paper/ rubbish
Unit 7
一、语音
oo / u / look good cook book football
wood classroom bedroom
/ u: / cool food room school zoo cartoon balloon
foolish moon afternoon soon tooth
二、单词、短语和句子
protect the Earth 保护地球
save and reuse water 节约水
3. Water is useful. 水是有用的。
a useful book 一本有用的书
4. drink water 喝水
5. use water to clean things
用水洗东西
6. in many places 在许多地方
7. There is not much water.
没有大量的水。
8. waste water 浪费水
9. save energy 节约能源
10. most of our energy 我们的大部分能源
11. come from coal and oil 来自煤炭和石油 come from=be from 12. on Earth 在地球上
13. drive so much 过多开车 (drive away把…赶走)
14. use a lot of energy 消耗大量能源
15. save trees 节约树木
e from trees 来源于树木
17. use wood to make tables 用木头做桌子
18. many other things 许多其它东西
19. cut down too many trees 砍伐太多的树木
20. use too much plastic 使用太多的塑料
21. use plastic to make bags and bottles
用塑料制作袋子和瓶子
22. be bad for the Earth 对地球有害
(be good for对……有益)
23. too many plastic bags 太多塑料袋
24. paper bags 纸袋子
25. glass bottles 玻璃瓶子
26. How to protect the Earth
如何保护地球?
27. collect some paper 收集一些纸
28. reuse paper to make a box
再次利用纸做一个盒子
29. make a toy 制作一个玩具
30. have fun in the classroom
在教室里玩得开心
31. every morning and afternoon
每个早晨和下午
32. Earth Day is on 22nd April.
地球日在四月二十二日。
33. World Environment Day is on 5th June.
世界环境日在六月五日。
34. make a poster with your classmate
和你的同学一起做一张海报
35. do a project 做一个课题
36. tell them about our school
告诉他们有关我们学校的事
37. start drawing 开始画画
38. let me draw the moon first
让我先画月亮
39. look nice 看上去漂亮
40. a rubbish bin 一个垃圾桶
41. The poster is ready. 海报准备好了。
be ready for…
42. at the school gate 在学校大门处
43. What a nice poster! How nice the poster is! 多漂亮的海报啊!
44. What should we do to protect the Earth
为了保护地球,我们应该做什么?
What should we not do to protect the Earth What shouldn’t we do to protect the Earth
45. really cool 真的很酷
46. tell / ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
三、重难点
1. We use water to clean things.
a. use作为动词,s发/ z / :use…to do sth. 用…做某事 use wood to build a house
use 还可以和as连用,表示“使用…作为…” The baby's using the spoon as a toy.
b. use作为名词,s发/ s / : make good use of…充分利用
c. useful形容词,s发/ s /: 有用的,useful things
2. many 后面接可数名词的复数,too many “太多”后面加上可数名词的复数
much 后面接不可数名词,表示“很多,许多”, too much “太多”后面加上不可数名词
We should not use too many plastic bags.
Eating too much is not good for us.
3. most of “…中的大部分”,后面加上可数名词复数或是不可数名词
Most of them feel unhappy.
4. Wood comes from trees .木头来源与树木。
句中“come from ”表示“源于”或是“来自于…地方”和“be from 意思相同”
5. We should not cut down too many trees because trees help keep the air clean.
a. cut down 意识是“砍伐,砍掉”
b. help do sth.表示“帮助,有助于”
c. help sb. do sth.是一个比较常用的结构,也可以说help sb. to do sth.”帮助某人做某事”
6. Too much plastic is bad for the Earth.
句中“be bad for”是固定用法,表示“对…有害”,反义词组是:be good for“对…有益”,for后面加名词 。 Dirty water is bad for our health.
7. 日期前面加上介词on,星期前面加上on
at+时间, in+年/月/早/中/晚/四季
日期的表示方法:⑴the+序数词+of+月份 ⑵月份 the+序数词
8. start doing start to do 表示“开始做…”
9. They put it at the school gate.他们把它贴在学校的大门上。at the school gate “在学校的大门上”介词使用at (小地点用at,大地点用in)
10. The poster is ready. 海报准备好了。固定搭配:be ready for…为…做准备
a. ready to do sth. 随时可以… (乐意,即将)
I’m ready to have the English test.我准备好了随时参加英语考试。
b. be ready for sth. 为...做好准备
He is ready for the speech. 他准备好了发言。
He is ready for giving the speech.
11. Protect the Earth 保护地球
Earth 有“地球”、 “陆地”、“泥土”等意思,而要表示人类居住的“地球”,则常用the Earth。
There is not much coal or oil on Earth. on Earth(on earth) 是个习惯用语,earth 前面没有the。这个习惯用语除了表示“在地球上、在世界上、在人世间”的意思之外,如果用于疑问词后,还可以表示“到底、究竟”的意思。
What on earth do you mean 你究竟是什么意思?
12. We should not drive so much because cars use a lot of energy.
此句中的much 是副词,表示行为、感情或变化的强烈程度,常与very,so,too等词连用。
Thank you very much.
I don’t know why she cried so much
She talks too much.
13. Bobby and Sam are doing a project. 此句中project是“课题,研究项目”的意思
They are doing a project on pandas.
14. home主要指家庭成员所居住的那种环境与房屋。
They have a happy home in London. His home is not far from here.
house表示“房屋、住宅”,主要指居住的建筑物。
My uncle’s house is very beautiful.
family 主要指家庭成员,一般不涉及房屋。
How many people are there in your family
四、文化板块
每年的4月22日是世界地球日,它旨在唤起人类爱护地球、保护家园的意识,促进资源开发与环境保护的协调发展,进而改善地球的整体环境。
每年的6月5日是世界环境日,它是联合国促进全球环境意识、提高政府对环境问题的注意并采取行动的主要媒介之一。联合国环境规划署每年6月5日选择一个成员国句型“世界环境日”纪念活动。发表《环境现状的年度报告书》及表彰“全球500佳”,并根据当年的世界主要环境问题及环境热点,有针对性地制定每年的“世界环境日”主题。
Unit 8
一、单词、短语和句子
Chinese New Year 中国新年
Spring Festival
get an email from her e-friend
收到一封来自她网友的电子邮件
3. in Hong Kong 在香港
4. It’s going to be Chinese New Year next week. 下周将是春节了。
5. How to write an English email
如何写一封英文的电子邮件?
6. buy some new clothes and food
买一些新衣服和食品
7. make some cakes and tangyuan
做一些蛋糕和汤圆
8. on Chinese New Year’s Eve 在除夕
9. have dinner with my grandparents
和我的祖父母一起吃晚饭
10. my aunt and uncle 我的叔叔和阿姨
11. my cousin 我的表妹
12. buy some flowers 买一些花
13. on Chinese New Year’s Day
在大年初一
14. give me red packets 给我红包
15. watch a lion / lion dance 看舞狮 / 龙
16. on the second day of Chinese New Year
在春节第二天
17. watch fireworks 看烟火表演
18. at Chinese New Year 在春节
19. before Chinese New Year 在春节前
20. look at a cookbook 看着一本烹饪书
21. look for something good 寻找好东西
22. cook us something good 为我们做点好东西 23. the most important holiday 最重要的节日
24. the most important festival 最重要的节日
25. Thanksgiving 感恩节
26. cook dumplings 煮饺子
27. in the kitchen 在厨房里
28. get red packets 得到红包
29. be rich 富有 poor 贫穷
30. talk about their plans for… 谈论他们…的计划
31. What are you going to do tomorrow
你明天打算干什么?
32. see Aunt Alice 看望Alice阿姨
33. What a nice cake! How nice the cake is!
多美味的蛋糕啊!
34. write an email to Anna
给Anna 写封电子邮件
35. It was nice to get your email.
收到你的弟子邮件真好。
36. buy a lot of things 买许多东西
37. light some firecrackers and fireworks
燃放一些鞭炮和烟花 lit, lighted
38. say “Happy Chinese New Year” to them
对他们说“新年快乐”
39. give us red packets= give red packets to us 给我们红包
40. Who are you going to visit
你打算拜访谁?
41. What places are you going to visit
你打算参观什么地方?
42. talk about Chinese New Year
谈论春节
43. There is going to be a football match tomorrow. 明天将有一场足球赛。
二、重难点
1. 一般将来时态
表示将要发生的事情或计划打算做某事。
将来时态的时间状语:tomorrow… next… in the future the day after tomorrow
this afternoon / evening in +一段时间 soon 等。
结构:be going to+动词原形 (计划、打算做)
Will+动词原形 (将要…) 第一人称用shall
一般将来时的四种基本句型:
I’m going to play football next week.
(肯定句)
I’m not going to play football next week.
(否定句)will not = won’t shall not=shan't
Are you going to play football next week Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.(一般疑问句)Shall we…
What are you going to do next week
(特殊疑问句)
注意be 动词的将来时
It is going to be Chinese New Year next week.
I’m going to be twelve years old next year.
There is going to be a football match next week.
本句是一般将来时态的肯定句,它的结构是“主语+be going to+动词原形+其他。”其中be动词根据主语的人称变化,用am, is, are等形式。
2. We are going to make some cakes and tangyuan. 我们准备做一些蛋糕和汤圆。
本句中make的意思是“制作”,make和其他的单词搭配,构成不同的词组:
make sth. into sth.“讲某物质做成某物”
make sth. from/of sth.“用某物制造某物”(from看不到原材料, of能看见原材料)
3. Chinese New Year is coming.春节就要到了。
本句用现在进行时态表示即将发生的动作。表示位置转移go, come, leave, start等动词的现在进行时,常用于表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作。
Helen is going to the library after school. They are leaving for Beijing.
New Year通常指阳历的新年(January 1st ),Chinese New Year是农历新年,相当于Spring Festival. 1月1日是New Year’s Day,农历的“年初一”叫做Chinese New Year’s Day;同样的12月31日叫做New Year’s Eve,农历新年的除夕叫做“Chinese New Year’s Eve”
4. Bobby and Tina are talking about their plans for Chinese New Year’s Day.
本句中talk about 的意思是“谈论关于….”而“关于…计划”用介词“for”,
Plan还可以用作动词,plan to do sth.表示“计划做某事”。
They plan to get there at 3’ clock. 他们计划三点到达那里。
注意:plan作为动词,变形时要双写n, 如:planning planned
5. on 和 at 的用法
on 的用法
a. 表示“在具体的某一天”如:在4月22日:on 22nd April
b. 表示“在某个节日”并且节日名称中有day或eve on Christmas Day
c. 表示在某个特定的早晨、下午、或晚上 He came to the town on a windy afternoon.
at 的用法
a. 表示某时间点、某时刻 They will come home at the end of the year.
b. 表示“某个节日”并且节日名称前没有day或eve. He is going shopping at Christmas.
6. I’m very excited.我非常兴奋。
人+be +excited 事/物+be +exciting excitedly 副词
7. 写信的格式
(1)信封的地址栏顺序:从小地点到达地点
Suzhou Golden Primary School, SND, Jiangsu Provence, China
(2)Email的写法:一封英语电子邮件通常一般由收件人名字、邮件主题和邮件正文构成。邮件正文包括称呼、问候语、邮件正文、结束语和发件人名字。如果是较正式的邮件,称呼语一般为“Dear Miss / Mr…”,也可以在Dear后面直接加上收件人的名字。如果是朋友之间互相写邮件,称呼可以为Hi…,如Hi, Nancy. 结束语写在正文的下面,正式邮件中可用Best wishes / regards/ Thanks, 朋友之间可以用Love为结束语。结束语的下面是发件人的名字。
To后边加的是收信人
8. 其它节日:
Teachers’ Day 教师节
Children’s Day 儿童节
Women’s Day 妇女节
Mother’s Day 母亲节
Father’s Day 父亲节
Easter 复活节
Christmas / Christmas Day 圣诞节 Thanksgiving Day 感恩节
New Year’s Day 元旦
Chinese New Year/ Chinese New Year’s Day
中国的新年
Spring Festival 春节
National day 国庆节
Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节
Qing Ming Festival 清明节
Double Ninth Festival 重阳节
三、文化板块
Christmas is the most important holiday in the UK.
Chinese New Year is the most important festival in China. We also call it “Spring Festival”.
Thanksgiving is a very important holiday in the US.
圣诞节原本是一个宗教节日,后来逐渐发展成为一个具有全球性意义的节日。英国人非常重视圣诞节,通常连着新年,一并庆祝。圣诞节的食品包括火鸡、圣诞布丁、土豆沙拉等。圣诞节的装饰品也是琳琅满目,圣诞树、圣诞袜、圣诞老人和他的坐骑、花环等都是装点圣诞节的必备。
春节是中国最富有特色的传统节日。中国人过春节已超过4000多年的历史。春节的活动丰富多彩,有扫尘、守岁、拜年、贴春联、燃放爆竹等。
感恩节是美国和加拿大两国特有的节日。最初是由来自欧洲大陆的移民创立的,原意是为了感谢上帝赐予的好收成和印第安人的帮助。后来感恩节也逐渐演变成一个全国性的节日,并固定在每年11月的第四个星期四。