Unit 5 You’re supposed to shake hands. Section A (3a-3c)必会清单和能力闯关（含答案）

Unit 5 You’re supposed to shake hands.
Section A (3a-3c)必会清单和能力闯关
基础必会清单
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
名词:
1. 首都; 国都 n. 　　　 capital
2. 正午; 中午 n. noon
形容词:
3. 放松的; 自在的 adj. relaxed
4. 很生气; 疯的 adj. mad
动词&名词:
5. 重视; 珍视v. 价值n. value
短语:
6. 顺便访问; 随便进入 drop by
7. 毕竟; 终归 after all
8. 大动肝火; 气愤 get mad
9. 作出努力 make an effort
Ⅱ. 重点句式
1. 我们不喜欢生活匆忙, 所以不介意别人偶尔迟到一
会儿。
We don’t like to rush around, so we don’t mind if people are a little late sometimes.
2. 我们通常不必刻意安排与朋友的见面。
We don’t usually have to make plans to meet our friends.
3. 当我们彼此见面的时候, 男孩握手, 女孩相互吻脸是礼貌的。
When we see each other, it’s polite for boys to shake hands and for girls to kiss each other on the side of the face.
4. 为了避免拥挤的交通, 我总是早离开家, 因为我认为让别人一直等着是不礼貌的。
I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because I think it’s impolite to keep others waiting.
文本脉络梳理
1. ______
2. ______
3. ______
4. ______
5. ______
6. ______
7. ______
8. ______
9. ______
答案: 1. relaxed　2. drop by　3. make plans　4. kiss　5. around　6. important　7. never　8. always　9. usually
核心素养赋能
考点解析
考点1　relaxed adj. 放松的; 自在的
relaxing “令人放松的”, 常用来描述事物的性质、特征
relaxed “放松的; 自在的”, 常用来描述人的心理。常用结构有: feel relaxed感到放松; be relaxed about对……要求宽松
*In our school, we are relaxed about clothes.
在我们学校, 我们对服装要求宽松。
*If you want to make yourself relaxed, you may play some relaxing music.
如果你想让自己放松, 你可以放一些令人放松的音乐。
考点2　a little/a bit 的用法
短语 相同之处 不同之处
a little 用作程度副词, 修饰形容词、副词, 意为“有点” 可直接修饰不可数名词
a bit 修饰名词需用“a bit+of+名词”的形式
*The weather here is a little/bit cold in winter.
这里的冬天天气有点冷。
*You are supposed to arrive a little/bit earlier.
你应该早点儿到。
*I only have a little/a bit of money in my pocket.
我口袋里只有一点点钱了。
考点3　value v. 重视; 珍视 n. 价值
(1)用作及物动词, 意为“重视; 珍视”。
(2)用作不可数名词, 意为“价值”, 常构成搭配: the value of……的价值。
(3)value+ -able →valuable有价值的; 珍贵的
value+ -less→valueless 不值钱的; 没有价值的
*We only value things that are valuable/of great value. 我们只珍视有价值的东西。
对点训练
考点1
①—What music do you want to listen to
—Well, please play some music that can make us feel ______.
A. relax 　　B. to relax　 C. relaxing　　D. relaxed
【解析】选D。考查relaxed的用法。feel relaxed感到放松。
②When you are tired, you may read something relaxing(relax).
③汉译英: 在有些国家, 人们对餐桌礼仪要求很宽松。
In some countries,____people are relaxed about table manners.____
考点2
①—How’s the weather in Beijing now
—It’s ______cool. It’s a good time to travel.
A. little B. a little C. bit D. few
【解析】选B。考查a little的用法。a little可用来修饰形容词、副词, 表程度, 意为“有点”。cool是形容词, 在此a little cool意为“有点凉爽”。
②汉译英: 对老年人来说攀登这么高的山是有点困难的。
It is a little/ a bit difficult for old people to climb such a high mountain.
考点3
①(2023·安徽中考)We should ______the friendship that we have developed in the past years.
A. value B. change C. make D. win
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: 我们应该珍惜我们在过去几年里发展起来的友谊。value珍惜; change改变; make制造; win赢得。根据the friendship that we have developed in the past years可知, 此处指珍惜友谊。
②—Why do you read such a book
—Because here is lots of ______advice about learning English in it.
A. valuable B. comfortable
C. believable D. enjoyable
【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意: ——你为什么读这样一本书 ——因为里面有很多有价值的有关学英语的建议。valuable有价值的; comfortable舒适的; believable可信的; enjoyable令人快乐的。
③(2023·包头中考)We should treasure our own valuable (value) art and culture, such as shadow play and paper cutting.
④汉译英: 作为好朋友, 我们十分珍视我们的友情。
As good friends,_we really value our friendship.
【备选考点】
考点　keep的用法
*Please keep quiet in the library.
请在图书馆里保持安静。
*The soft music can keep you relaxed.
柔和的音乐可以让你保持放松。
*You can keep the book for a week.
你可以保管这本书一周。
*If you keep exercising, you will be stronger.
如果你坚持锻炼, 你将会更加强壮。
*The teacher kept his students standing while he was speaking. 老师讲课时一直让他的学生站着。
对点训练
考点
①It is very important to keep __________(health).
②Although he was very tired, my father kept on __________(work) in the field.
③汉译英: 对不起, 让你久等了。
________________________________________________________________
答案: ①healthy　②working　③I’m very sorry to keep you waiting for so long.
知识闯关
基础关
Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1. Everybody says I must be mad(疯的). They are probably right.
2. Beijing is the capital(首都) of China.
3. The workers eat lunch at noon(中午).
4. Listen to a piece of light music and you will feel relaxed(放松的).
Ⅱ. 单项选择
1. Tom, you should ______this computer. It is______.
A. value; value　　　 B. valuable; valuable
C. value; valuable D. valuable; value
【解析】选C。考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意: 汤姆, 你应该珍惜这台电脑, 它很贵重。value可以作动词, 意为“珍惜, 爱惜”。valuable为形容词, 可作表语和定语, 意为“有价值的”。第一空缺动词, 且should后用动词原形; 第二空缺表语。
2. —I want to____ my friend’s home this afternoon. Would you mind my____ back a little late
—Not at all. Just go ahead.
A. drop by; come B. dropped in; coming
C. drop by; coming D. dropped at; come
【解析】选C。考查动词短语以及动词用法。句意: ——今天下午我想要顺便拜访我朋友的家。你介意我晚点回来吗 ——不介意, 去吧。drop by some place 顺便拜访某地; drop in on sb. 顺便拜访某人; drop in at some place顺便拜访某地; mind one’s/sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事。
3. Our dream will come true if we ______on our study. So I______ study harder.
A. make an effort; plan to
B. make an effort to; make a plan to
C. make an effort; make plans
D. make an effort to; make plans to
【解析】选A。考查动词短语。句意: 我们的梦想将会实现, 如果我们在我们的学习方面做出努力, 所以我计划更加努力学习。make an effort on sth. 在某方面付出努力; make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事; plan to do sth. =make a plan to do sth. =make plans to do sth. 计划做某事。
4. Mrs Yang always keeps herself ______all day. I think she should spend more time ______her family.
A. work; and B. working; in
C. work; in D. working; with
【解析】选D。考查动词用法以及介词辨析。句意: 杨太太整天一直工作。我认为她应该多花点时间和家人在一起。keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事; spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时间。
5. —I’m sorry. I didn’t do a good job.
—Never mind. ______ you have tried your best.
A. Above all B. In all
C. At all D. After all
【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意: ——对不起, 我没有做好。——不要紧。毕竟你已经尽了最大的努力。Above all首要的是, 尤其, 最重要的是; In all总共, 合计; At all根本, 简直; After all毕竟。
能力关
Ⅲ. 短文填空
　　用括号中所给词的适当形式填空, 使语篇意思完整, 必要时请用否定式。
　　Where I’m from, we’re pretty 1. relaxed(relax) about time. We don’t like to rush around, so we don’t mind if people are a little late sometimes. If you tell a friend you’re going to their house for dinner, it’s OK if you arrive a bit late. We like to enjoy our time 2. slowly(slow). We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday 3. lives(life). We often just drop by our 4. friends’(friend) homes if we have time. We don’t usually have to make plans to meet our friends. When we see each other, it’s polite for boys 5. to shake(shake) hands and for girls to kiss each other on the side of the face. We often just walk around the town center, 6. seeing(see) as many of our friends as we can!
In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time. We’re the capital of clocks and watches, after all! If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then you’re
7. expected(expect) to be there at noon. If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad. So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends. I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because I think it’s impolite to keep others 8. waiting(wait). Also, we never visit a friend’s house without 9. calling(call) first. We almost always make plans to see friends. We usually plan to do something 10. interesting(interest), or go somewhere together.
Ⅰ. 完成句子
1. 凯蒂希望回到家乡时能见到尽可能多的同学。
Katie hoped to see _________ _________ _________ _______ _________ _________ _________ _______when coming back to her hometown.
2. 除了努力工作以外, 我们应该更加关注适当的锻炼和足够的睡眠。毕竟, 健康总是第一位的。
Besides working hard, we should pay more attention to proper exercise and enough sleep. __________ __________, health always comes first.
3. 上周, 我的朋友戴维带着一本新书到我家来拜访。
Last week, my friend David _________ _________ _________ _______with a new book.
4. 他们总是努力改善孩子们的生活。
They always _________ _________ _________ _______ _________the children’s lives.
5. 事实上, 遵守规则很重要。
In fact, __________ very _________ _________follow the rules.
答案: 1. as many of her classmates as she could
2. After all　3. dropped by my home　4. make an effort to improve　 5. it’s; important to
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
　　Different countries have different customs. Something polite in one country may be quite impolite in another. When two people meet for the first time, there are a lot of ways of greeting. The ways of greeting are not always the same in different countries.
In America two people usually greet each other with a handshake. It is a way to show respect(尊重) to the other person. Sports players from opposite teams shake hands before a game for the same reason.
However, most Americans don’t shake hands when they meet people they have already known well. When American friends meet each other, they might only wave(挥手), or maybe just nod(点头) their heads.
In New Zealand, there is a special way of greeting called “Hongi”(碰鼻礼). In the greeting, two people press their noses and foreheads(前额) together and close their eyes. This is an old tradition that comes from the Maori(毛利人), who were the first people to live in New Zealand. Even today, many new Zealanders still press their foreheads when they meet.
Kissing is sometimes used as a way to greet someone. In some countries, important people used to wear special rings. It was a custom for visitors to kiss these rings when they came for a meeting. In France, when people meet, they sometimes kiss each other on the face.
In Japan, people bow to each other every time they meet. Even family members bow to each other. People decide how low to bow depending on how respected the other person is.
Today, new ways of greeting are created all the time. People can do this with a quick “hi”, a handshake, or even a simple smile. The important thing is that the people they are greeting understand each other.
1. The passage mainly talks about ______.
A. different ways of greeting
B. how to be a polite person
C. how to show respect to others
D. ways of saying hello in different languages
2. The underlined part “the same reason” refers to______.
A. showing love B. showing respect
C. thanking each other D. introducing each other
3. We can learn from the fourth paragraph that ______.
A. it’s impolite to press one’s nose in New Zealand
B. Hongi is a kind of traditional food in New Zealand
C. the Maori used to be an old village in New Zealand
D. Hongi is an old tradition in New Zealand
4. How low does one Japanese bow to the other
A. It depends on how successful the other person is.
B. It depends on how old the other person is.
C. It depends on how respected the other person is.
D. It depends on how tall the other person is.
5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A. It is OK to just nod heads when American friends meet.
B. Family members in Japan don’t bow to each other.
C. In some countries rings were once used for kissing.
D. The ways of greeting are changing over time.
1. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据The ways of greeting are not always the same in different countries, 可知, 本文主要介绍了不同国家的不同的问候方式。
2. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据It is a way to show respect to the other person. Sports players from opposite teams shake hands before a game for the same reason, 可知, 双方的运动员在比赛前握手也是为了表示尊重, 所以the same reason在此指的是“表示尊重”。
3. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据This is an old tradition that comes from the Maori可知, 碰鼻礼是新西兰的一项古老的传统。
4. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据People decide how low to bow depending on how respected the other person is, 可知, 在日本人们鞠躬的程度取决于受尊重的程度。
5. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据Even family members bow to each other. 可知, 在日本家庭成员之间也要鞠躬, 所以B选项错误。