Unit 8 We're trying to save the earth! Section B (2a-Self Check)基础知识必会清单及知识闯关（含答案）

Unit8　We’re trying to save the earth!
Section B (2a-Self Check)基础知识必会清单及知识闯关
基础必会清单
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
名词:
1. 大门 n. 　　　　　　　　gate
2. 瓶子 n. bottle
3. 负责人; 主席; 总统 n. president
4. (音乐、艺术)作品 n. work
5. 金属 n. metal
6. 创造力; 独创性 n. creativity
短语:
7. 扔掉; 抛弃 throw away
8. 好好利用某物 put sth.____to good use
9. 拆下; 摧毁 pull. . .____down
10. 上下颠倒; 倒转 upside down
11. 恢复; 使想起; 归还 bring back
Ⅱ. 重点句式
1. 你或许从未听说过艾米·海斯, 但是她是一位非常不同寻常的女士。
You have probably never heard of Amy Hayes, but she is a most unusual woman.
2. 她住在英国, 房子是她自己用废弃物建造而成的。
She lives in a house in the UK that she built herself out of rubbish.
3. 窗户和房门来自小镇周围拆毁的旧房子。
The windows and doors come from old buildings around her town that were pulled down.
4. 来自香港的杰西卡·王使用人们不再穿的旧衣服来制作包。
Jessica Wong from Hong Kong uses old clothes that people don’t wear anymore to make bags.
5. 她开了一家小店出售她(制作)的包, 并且她还建立了一个网站在网上出售这些包。
She opened a small shop where she sells her bags, and she has also set up a website to sell them online.
文本脉络梳理
1. __________　2. __________　3. __________　4. __________　5. __________　6. __________
答案: 1. house　2. boat　3. bags　4. website　5. art pieces　6. theme park
核心素养赋能
考点解析
考点1　throw away 扔掉; 抛弃
(1)throw away意为“扔掉”, 是“动词+副词”构成的短语, 后接代词作宾语时, 代词必须放在短语的中间。
(2)常见的“动词+away”短语
考点2　work n. (音乐、艺术)作品
不同的“工作”
work n. v. 动词　　 “工作; 运转; 起作用”
job n. 　 可数名词　　“工作”
考点3　put sth. to good use 好好利用某物
(1)put sth. to good use意为“好好利用某物”, 相当于make good use of sth. 。
(2)put构成的短语
*He’ll be able to put his experience to good use in the new job.
他将能够把他的经验应用到新的工作中去。
*If you want to draw value from your education, your study time must be put to good use. 如果你想要从你的教育中得益, 就要好好利用你的学习时间。
对点训练
考点1
①Recycling is good, so don’t ______bottles or newspapers.
A. stay away　B. give away　C. put away　D. throw away
【解析】选D。 考查短语辨析。stay away“离开”; give away“赠送”; put away“把……放回原处, 把……收好”; throw away“扔掉”。根据语境可知, 不要把瓶子或报纸(当垃圾)扔掉。
②Before you throw anything away, you’d better think whether it can be reused or not first.
③在把垃圾扔掉时, 我们应该先分类。
We should divide rubbish into kinds first when we throw it away.
考点2
①—What’s this
—It’s a paper cutting of Fu. It’s a kind of art ______.
A. job　　　　　　　B. work
C. picture D. symbol
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: ——这是什么 ——这是剪纸“福”, 这是一种艺术作品。job工作; work工作, 作品, 著作; picture图片; symbol标志, 象征。剪纸“福”是一种“艺术作品(art work)”。
②William Shakespeare has been dead for over 400 years, but his works(作品) still have a great influence today.
③她说她的第一份工作是老师。
She said her first job was a teacher.
④这台电脑出了问题。它不能正常运转了。
There is something wrong with the computer. It doesn’t work.
考点3
①We are supposed to ______smart phones and take more exercise instead.
A. put off　B. put away　C. put out　D. put up
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。put off推迟; put away收拾(好), 放一边; put out熄灭; put up张贴。根据语境可知: 我们应该把智能手机放到一边, 去做更多的锻炼。
②我一定能使我的知识在这个领域里发挥作用。
Surely I can put my knowledge to good use in this field.
③汉译英: 事实上, 许多旧东西可以被很好地利用。
In fact,____lots of /many old things can be put to good use.
基础知识过关
基础关
Ⅰ. 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词
1. There is a bottle/bowl of water on the table.
2. Mr Baker paints pictures and sells his works to his friends.
3. The woman over there is the president of our company.
4. Chopsticks are usually made of bamboo and coins are usually made of metal.
5. The guard stopped him at the gate of the school because he had no student card.
Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Our teacher said, “Her charity work is an inspiration(inspire) to everyone. ”
2. I like places where the weather is always warm. I hope to visit (visit) Hawaii this winter.
3. Anhui is known(know) for Mount Huang.
4. All kinds of rules made for children killed their creativity(create).
5. After the accident, they all realized the importance(important) of safety.
能力关
Ⅲ. 动词填空
　　用所给动词的适当形式填空完成短文, 必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
Do you often throw away things you don’t need anymore Have you ever 1. thought(think) about how these things can actually be put to good use Nothing is a waste if you have a creative mind.
Amy Hayes, a most unusual woman, lives in a house in the UK that she 2. built(build) herself out of rubbish. The windows and doors come from old buildings around her town that 3. were pulled(pull) down. The top of the house is an old boat turned upside down. And the gate in front of her house 4. is made(make)of rocks and old glass bottles. Amy recently 5. won(win) a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society. She is an inspiration to us all.
Amy isn’t the only one who is good at 6. recycling(recycle). Jessica Wong from Hong Kong 7. uses(use) old clothes to make bags. She opened a small shop to sell her bags and she has also set up a website to sell them online. Her bags are cute and useful.
Another example is Wang Tao who set up a small business in Shanghai. He is 8. known(know) for using iron and other materials from old cars to make beautiful art pieces. Some are large pieces that look like animals or humans, and some are smaller pieces for home. The more popular works can even be seen in art shops around the city. He hopes to set up a “metal art”theme park 9. to show(show) people the importance of environmental protection. Not only can the art bring happiness to others, but it also shows that even cold, hard iron can 10. be brought(bring) back to life with a little creativity.
Ⅳ. 完形填空
Many people are playing a role in saving the earth on Earth Day. Earth Day is on April 22nd. Lots of people all over the world try to do something 　1　 on this day. In China, people expect to keep lights off for one hour at night. People don’t use 　2　 in Italy. People dress up like 　3　 and animals to dance in Times Square, New York. On that day, people can see many posters about protecting 　4　 animals in Canada and Norway. After reading them, people are supposed to avoid 　5　 things made of animals, such as ivory and shark fin.
The World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF) has made a list of　6　 things that each person can do to save the environment.
☆　7　 the lights when you leave a room.
☆Don’t leave the tap running.
☆No turning on your computer every night.
☆Wash your clothes in warm or 　8　 water, not hot water.
☆Use as little water as you can when you do the dishes.
Some environmental protection groups believe that humans will 　9　 the true spirit of Earth Day and try 　10　 best to protect the earth. Small actions can make a difference and lead to a better future.
1. A. harmful　　　　　　B. green
C. bad D. blue
【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意: 在这一天, 世界各地的许多人试图做一些环保的事情。根据上文“Many people are playing a role in saving the earth on Earth Day. Earth Day is on April 22nd. ”可知, 世界地球日是为保护地球而设立的节日, 所以这一天人们做的都是环保的事情。
2. A. recycling books B. reusable bags
C. plastic bags D. recycling paper
【解析】选C。考查词语辨析。句意: 在意大利, 人们不使用塑料袋。空前有don’t use“不使用……”, 塑料袋会对环境造成污染, 因此是不使用塑料袋。
3. A. plants B. emperors
C. trucks D. toys
【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: 人们打扮成植物和动物的样子在纽约时代广场跳舞。空后的animals“动物”与选项A中的plants“植物”, 都是自然环境中的东西, 与文章的主题相关。
4. A. delicious B. wild
C. magic D. homeless
【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。 根据下文“人们应该避免购买动物制品, 如象牙和鱼翅”可知, 此处是指“在加拿大和挪威人们可以看到很多关于保护野生动物的海报”。
5. A. building B. buying
C. improving D. thinking
【解析】选B。考查词义辨析。根据句意和常识可知, 我们要保护野生动物, 不要购买动物制品。句意: 读完它们(这些海报)后, 人们应该避免购买动物制品, 比如象牙和鱼翅。
6. A. three　　B. four　　C. five　　D. six
【解析】选C。考查数词。句意: 世界自然基金会(WWF)列出了每个人可以为保护环境做的五件事。根据句意及下文可知, five符合语境。
7. A. Turn on B. Turn off
C. Turn up D. Turn down
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析及语境。句意: 当你离开房间时把灯关掉。turn on打开; turn up调高, 出现; turn down调低, 拒绝。turn off“关闭”, 符合语境。
8. A. cold B. dirty
C. dangerous D. dry
【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意: 用温水或冷水洗衣服, 不要用热水。根据“not hot water”可知, 不要用热水洗衣服, 也就是用温水或冷水洗。
9. A. change B. finish
C. understand D. forget
【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意: 一些环保组织认为, 人类将理解地球日的真正精神, 并尽他们的最大努力保护地球。故understand符合语境。
10. A. its B. their
C. his D. her
【解析】选B。考查代词辨析。句意: 一些环保组织认为, 人类将理解地球日的真正精神, 并尽他们的最大努力保护地球。这句话的主语是humans“人类”, 是第三人称复数, 因此这里应表示“尽他们的最大努力”。
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. The old primary school was ______last year. Now there aren’t any old buildings left in the town.
A. fixed up　　　　B. set up
C. turned down D. pulled down
2. Kevin’s pet dog was dead. No one could ______to life.
A. bring it out B. bring it back
C. give it out D. give it back
3. Amy keeps making a contribution to protecting the environment. And she’s an ______to us all.
A. industry B. inspiration
C. creativity D. president
4. Not only ______French, but she knows a little German.
A. she knows B. does she know
C. did she know D. she knew
5. The foreign woman is known ______beautiful art pieces.
A. as B. for making
C. by D. to make
1. 【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 旧小学去年就被推倒了, 现在镇上没有任何旧建筑物了。fixed up修理; set up组建, 建立; turned down关小, 调低; pulled down推倒。
2. 【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 凯文的宠物狗死了。没人能使它活过来。bring it out使它显现; bring it back把它带回来; give it out把它分发; give it back把它归还。根据句意可知是把狗的生命带回来。
3. 【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 艾米一直为保护环境做贡献, 而且她鼓舞着我们所有人。industry工业; inspiration鼓舞人心的人; creativity创造力; president 总统。
4. 【解析】选B。考查倒装句。句意: 她不仅知道法语, 而且知道一点德语。根据句子结构可知, 这里用到not only. . . but also不仅……而且, 此句省略了also, 当not only用在句子开头时, 句子要用倒装语序。根据句子中的knows可知, 这是一般现在时。
5. 【解析】选B。考查固定短语。句意: 这个外国女人以制造美丽的艺术品而著名。be known as作为……而著名, 后面一般跟职业; be known for因……而著名。
Ⅱ. 阅读理解(★★★★☆)
What do you do with your rubbish Throw it out You don’t know what you’re missing! Look closely at the two figures. They were made from things most people throw away. The figures were made from used bottle caps. Those two bottle-cap figures were exhibited (展示) in a museum.
Folk art is art made by common people who have not been trained as artists. Their work is often based on traditions in their culture. Fine art, on the other hand, is usually made by people who have had training in art. Works of fine art are valued for their artistic beauty. They are supposed to be looked at but not used. Works of folk art, however, are often made for everyday use.
There were more than 800 pieces of folk art from nearly 50 countries in the exhibition. All of the pieces were made from used metal, wood, cloth, and plastic. The artists come from many different cultures. Still, they all share one thing. They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are beautiful, useful, and fun. The artists may not think of what they do as recycling, but that’s exactly what it is. Fine artists might work with expensive materials. They might use expensive tools to shape these materials into works of art. On the other hand, in poor countries rubbish might be the only material folk artists and toy makers can afford. The exhibition shows that a rich imagination is very important when there are only poor materials. Recycled art began long before people began to think about recycling. Some of the objects in the exhibition date from the 1930s.
Even if you don’t create art out of rubbish, it’s good to save our natural resources. Remember the three rules: reduce, reuse, recycle. If you reduce waste, reuse things instead of throwing them out, and recycle materials such as paper, plastic, and glass, you will protect the environment.
1. Which idea belongs in the empty box
Conclusion (结论) Details
Art based on cultural traditions
Art made for everyday use
Art made with used materials
A. Folk art is made by people who are not trained artists.
B. The artists come from many different cultures.
C. Recycled art began long before people started recycling.
2. What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A. There were more than 800 pieces of fine art.
B. Folk artists can’t shape expensive materials into works of art.
C. Poor materials also can be made into works of art.
3. What is the same thing of the pieces in the exhibition share
A. They are all works of fine art.
B. They are all made from used materials.
C. They are all made by the trained artists.
4. What can we do to protect our environment
A. Throw away used materials.
B. Only use expensive materials.
C. Recycle materials.
5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Used Bottle Caps
B. The Art of Recycling
C. A Museum Exhibition
1. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由Details部分中的内容可知, 民间艺术以文化传统为基础, 使用日常用品和用过的废旧材料来制作工艺品, 这些都体现出人们很早就懂得回收、利用废旧材料来进行艺术创作了。
2. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第三段On the other hand, in poor countries rubbish might be the only material folk artists and toy makers can afford. The exhibition shows that a rich imagination is very important when there are only poor materials. 可知, 用劣质的材料也可以制作成艺术品。
3. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中Still, they all share one thing. They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are beautiful, useful, and fun. 可知, 这些展品的共性是它们都是由废旧材料制成的。
4. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。本文主要介绍了民间艺术家们利用废旧物品制作艺术品的情况, 重复使用废旧物品是保护环境的重要举措。
5. 【解析】选B。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了民间艺术家们利用废旧物品制作艺术品的情况, 并要求人们记住减少、重复使用和回收三种规则。由此可见, B项“回收利用的艺术”最适合作本文标题。
能力大提升
海报设计
保护环境, 从小事做起, 从我做起。请以小组为单位, 开展环保海报设计活动。
活动提示:
1. 小组讨论日常生活中的环保措施;
2. 小组讨论日常生活中存在的不环保现象有哪些;
3. 小组讨论针对存在的不环保现象应该采取什么措施;
4. 根据讨论结果及记录信息, 共同设计出一份校园环保海报;
5. 然后各小组之间开展海报设计评比, 并评出优秀设计奖。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

写作专练
话题分析
写作话题: 谈论污染问题和环境保护
写作内容: 1. 描述污染问题及原因;
2. 提出合理的环境保护措施。
写作指导: 正确使用不同的时态和语态。
典例研磨
　　保护人类共同的家园——地球是每个人的责任和义务。我们在生活中的点滴小事上也能做出自己的贡献。根据表格内容, 谈一谈你平时为保护环境做过哪些努力, 将来还打算如何去做。
要求: 1. 词数: 80左右;
2. 意思连贯, 条理清晰, 适当发挥。
turn off the lights when you leave a room
turn off the shower while washing hair
stop using paper napkins
take your own bags when shopping
stop riding in cars
ride a bike
recycle books and paper
Step 1: 审题·研要求
1. 人称: 第一人称为主
2. 时态: 一般现在时为主
3. 核心: 环境保护
Step 2: 列纲·研结构
Step 3: 润色·磨篇章
　　It’s our duty to protect the earth. ① I always turn off the lights when I leave a room. While I am washing my hair②, I usually turn off the shower. Besides, I stop using paper napkins and if I want to shop, I always take my own bags instead of using plastic bags. ③ And I have decided to do more things to protect our earth, such as stopping riding in cars, riding a bike, and recycling books and paper. ④ I think my actions can make a difference! Let’s take action now! ⑤ ①开篇点题, 表明责任。 ②when, While从句的运用, 使语境更充分。 ③Besides的运用, 使表达层次更清晰。 ④运用such as进行举例说明, 措施表达更加具体、充实。 ⑤运用祈使句发出呼吁, 增强表达效果, 首尾呼应。
实战练习
每年 6 月 8 日为“世界海洋日(World Oceans Day)”, 据报道, 每年流入大海的微塑料达1 300 万吨, 导致大量鱼类死亡。科学家预测, 如果不采取措施限塑, 2050 年海洋里的塑料重量将比鱼类还重。作为中学生的你, 应该减少塑料制品的使用。请以“Saying No to Plastics”为题, 写一篇 80—100 词的英语短文(开头已给出, 不计入总词数)。
Saying No to Plastics
As we know, plastics, which have seriously polluted our world, can be seen everywhere. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Saying No to Plastics
As we know, plastics, which have seriously polluted our world, can be seen everywhere.
Actually, I use plastics too much in my daily life. Now I have come to realize that it’s a terribly bad habit. I’m supposed to reduce the use of plastics and everyone can do this. For example, we should use a cloth bag or a basket instead while shopping. More importantly, even if we need to use plastic bags, we should recycle and make full use of them.
All in all, we should reduce the use of plastics so that we can hopefully protect the earth and make it greener. Do you think I am right
【语用储备】
话题词汇
污染 问题 rubbish垃圾　litter乱扔　pour倒入　pollution污染　noise噪声　cruel残酷的 harmful有害的
环境 保护 recycle再利用　protect保护　cut down waste pollution减少废物污染 　reuse old things重复使用旧东西 　take the bus or subway乘公共汽车或地铁　improve the environment改善环境
话题句式
开头句:
1. I think it’s necessary to save water.
我认为节约用水是有必要的。
2. It’s our duty to reduce air pollution.
减少空气污染是我们的责任。
3. Water is one of the important resources in our life. 水是我们生活中重要的资源之一。
过渡句:
1. We are not supposed to/shouldn’t kill the wild animals. 我们不应该猎杀野生动物。
2. Our government is doing its best to do something to fight against pollution.
我们的政府正在尽最大的努力做一些事情来防治污染。
3. Now more and more people have realized how serious the problem is.
现在越来越多的人意识到问题的严重性。
结尾句:
1. We hope that water in every river will become cleaner and cleaner soon. 我们希望每一条河流中的水很快就会变得越来越干净。
2. I believe our life will become better and better if we can do these things. 我相信如果我们能做这些事情, 我们的生活会越来越好。
3. I think everyone should play a part in solving the air pollution.
我认为每个人都应该在解决空气污染方面发挥作用。
话题谚语:
1. To treat the earth well is to treat yourself well.
善待地球就是善待自己。
2. Save the earth together. 拯救地球, 一起动手。
3. Protecting the environment starts from me.
保护环境, 从我做起。