Unit 4 I like music that I can dance to. Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)语法专项突破（含答案）

Unit 4　I like music that I can dance to.
Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)语法专项突破
语法精讲
定语从句
一、定义
在复合句中, 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词, 位于定语从句的前面。引导定语从句的词叫引导词(包括关系代词和关系副词), 位于先行词和定语从句中间。
二、结构
三、引导词
先行词 引导词 用法
人 that 在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略) 通常可以互相替换
who 在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)
whom 在从句中作宾语(不在介词后面时可省略) 一般可用who替代, 但在介词后面时不可以
物 that 在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略) 一般可以互相替换, 但有时只用that, 如: ①当先行词是不定代词时 ②先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 有时只用which, 如: 关系代词前面有介词时
which 在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)
语法训练
将下列句子改为含有定语从句的复合句
1. The CD is very great. You lent it to me yesterday.
The CD which/that you lent to me yesterday is very great.
2. The boy is named Mike. He lost all his money.
The boy who/that lost all his money is named Mike. /The boy who/that is named Mike lost all his money.
3. I’ll never forget the school. I visited it in 2019.
I’ll never forget the school which/that I visited in 2019. /I visited the school that/which I’ll never forget in 2019.
4. I don’t know the boys playing on the playground.
I don’t know the boys who/that are playing on the playground.
5. She prefers quiet music.
She prefers music that/which is quiet.
中考体验
1. (2023·武威中考)A true friend is a person ______reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A. whom　　B. whose 　 C. who　 　D. which
【解析】选C。考查定语从句引导词。先行词“a person”是人, 引导词在从句中作主语, 所以用who。
2. (2023·青海中考) Chaka Salt Lake ______is known as Mirror of the Sky interests more and more tourists.
A. where B. which C. who
【解析】选B。考查定语从句引导词。先行词为Chaka Salt Lake, 并且引导词在定语从句中作主语, 所以用which。
3. (2023 岳阳中考)All of the classmates prefer the song Shao Nian ______.
A. that they can sing along with
B. which can they sing along with
C. who they can sing along with
【解析】选A。考查定语从句。横线处是定语从句, 先行词是the song Shao Nian, 指物, 用that/which来引导定语从句, 定语从句中用陈述语序。
4. (2023·十堰中考)This is the first birthday gift ______I received. I’ve kept it many years.
A. which B. that C. who D. what
【解析】选B。考查定语从句的引导词。gift作先行词, 应用which或that来引导定语从句, 先行词前有序数词修饰时应用that。
5. (2023 绥化中考)I like smart clothes ______are made of silk.
A. who B. which C. what
【解析】选B。考查定语从句的引导词。句中先行词是clothes, 指物, 应用which或that引导定语从句。句意: 我喜欢丝绸做的漂亮衣服。
6.1.（2023·湖北十堰） I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life.
A. which B. whose C. whom D. who
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我将记住在我的生活中帮助和支持我的重要的人。
考查定语从句。which哪一个；whose谁的；whom谁；who谁。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词people是指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句，故选D。
2.（2023·黑龙江牡丹市）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved.
A. who B. that C. whom
【答案】B
【解析】句意：如果我们怀着远大的梦想努力学习，没有什么是不能实现的。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是nothing，引导词在从句中作主语，只能用that引导。故选B。
3.（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨）—Who is the hero in your mind
—Huang Danian. He is a scientist ________ has helped China make great progress in deep-sea exploration (勘探).
A. where B. which C. who
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你心目中的英雄是谁？——黄大年。他是一位帮助中国在深海勘探方面取得巨大进展的科学家。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。
6.– Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV
– Sure. It’s a great TV program can develop the habit of reading.
A. who B. that C. what D. whose
【答案】B【解析】句意：-你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的节目《朗读者》吗？-当然了，这是一个很棒的节目，能培养阅读的习惯。根据句子结构可知，这里考查定语从句，who是关系代词，先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语；that先行词人或物都可以，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句，先排除；whose…的，先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从句的先行词是program，故排除A；D选项意思不合适。故应选B。
7.He is a friend ______ can help you in time of need.
A．who he B．whose C．/ D．who
【答案】D【解析】：引导词在定语从句中做主语，指人。 应选D。
8.The most important thing ______ we should pay attention to is the first thing ______ I have said.
A．which, that B．that, which C．which, which D．that, that
【答案】D【解析】：先行词前有序数词， 最高级时，引导词只能用 that. 应选D。
9.The man ______ talked to you just now is my father.
A．who B．he C．which D．whose
【答案】A【解析】：引导词在定语从句中作主语指人，应选A。
10.They thought too much about ______.
A．which I had said B．what I had said
C．that I had said D．I had said
【答案】B【解析】：此题是宾语从句不是定语从句，后面句子作介词宾语。应 选B。
11.Yesterday Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house _______ he was born in.
where B. which C. who D. it
【答案】B【解析】：考查定语从句先行词的用法。引导词在定语从句中作介词in 宾语。可省略。
12.Tom dislikes people ______ talk much but never do anything.
A. whom B. who C. which D. whose
【答案】B【解析】：考查定语从句先行词的用法。引导词在定语从句中作主语。不可省略。Whom 在定语从句只能作宾语。
用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. That student ____________ (whose) the teacher is talking with failed the exam.
2. —I dislike the way _______ (which) he speaks to his parents.
—I don’t like it, either.
3. Look at the woman. She is the woman _____ (who) son is a famous artist.
4. The police asked him what _______ (was he) doing at that time.
5. Class, you should be thankful to those people ____ (whom) helped and supported you.
6. My grandparents like stories __________ (who) have happy endings.
7. Excuse me, could you please tell me how far _____ (is it) from here to the airport
8. You are talented young adults ____ (whom) are full of hope for the future.
9. —Hi, Ken. Did Mrs Zhang tell us _____ (where) we should get to the station
—Yes. She said we should meet there at nine.
10. —He is a singer _____ (whom) is popular with most young people.
—Yes, it is definitely true.
1. who/whom 2. in which 3. whose 4. he was 5. who
6. which/ that 7. it is 8. who 9. when 10. who