Unit8　We’re trying to save the earth!SectionA (1a-2d)基础必会清单及知识闯关

Unit8　We’re trying to save the earth!
Section A (1a-2d)基础必会清单及知识闯关
基础必会清单
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
名词:
1. 底部; 最下部 n. 　　　　　　　bottom
2. 渔民; 钓鱼的人 n. fisherman
3. 煤; 煤块 n. coal
4. 优点; 有利条件 n. advantage
5. 外卖食物 n. takeaway
6. 垃圾箱 n. bin
形容词:
7. 丑陋的; 难看的 adj. ugly
8. 木制的; 木头的 adj. wooden
形容词&名词:
9. 塑料的 adj. 塑料; 塑胶 n. plastic
动词&名词:
10. 乱扔 v. 垃圾; 废弃物 n. litter
11. 花费 v. 花费; 价钱 n. cost
短语:
12. 参与(某事); 扮演角色 play a part in
13. 代替……; 而不是…… instead of
14. 砍倒; 减少 cut down
15. 起作用; 有影响 make a difference
Ⅱ. 重点句式
1. 这个城镇的每个人都应该参与到清理它(河流)的行动中来!
Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up!
2. 空气污染严重是因为现在路上有更多的汽车。
The air is badly polluted because there are more cars on the road these days.
3. 我过去常常能够看到天空中的星星。
I used to be able to see stars in the sky.
核心素养赋能
考点解析
考点1　cut down 减少; 砍倒
(1)
(2)cut 的常见搭配
考点2　cost v. 花费 n. 花费; 价钱
(1)cost的含义及词性
cost 动词 意为“花费”, 过去式cost, 过去分词cost
名词 意为“花费; 价钱”
(2)cost/spend/take/pay “花费”各异
花费 主语 常用搭配
cost 物 sth. cost(s) sb. +金钱
spend 人 sb. spend(s)+时间/金钱+on sth. /(in)doing sth.
take it It takes sb. +时间+to do sth.
pay 人 sb. pay(s)+金钱+for sth.
考点3　make a difference 起作用; 有影响
(1)make a difference固定短语, 意为“起作用; 有影响”, 其后可接介词 to, 构成短语 make a difference to. . . 意为“对……产生影响”。
(2)相关短语:
make a big/great difference 　有很大影响
make no difference 没影响
对点训练
考点1
①(2023·连云港中考) Wait politely, please. Don’t ______on others.
A. cut in　　B. cut down　C. cut out　D. cut short
【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。句意: 请礼貌地等待。不要打断别人。cut in插话; cut down减少; cut out删除; cut short缩短。根据“Wait politely, please. ”可知要求不要打断别人; cut in on others“打断别人(讲话)”。
②不要砍伐这些树木, 否则你将会受到惩罚。
Don’t cut down these trees, or you’ll be punished.
考点2
①The mobile phone my father bought yesterday cost (花费) him over 3, 000 yuan.
②I usually spend half an hour reading (read) English every morning. 　
③你从这里走到山顶大约要花一个小时。
It takes you about an hour to walk to the top of the mountain from here.
④这套公寓他每月得付200美元的房租。
He has to pay 200 dollars for this apartment every month.
考点3
①—The teenagers clean up the city park every Saturday.
—Sometimes small things can make a ______.
A. promise B. conversation
C. difference D. discussion
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: ——青少年们每个星期六打扫城市公园。——有时小事也会起作用。短语make a difference表示“有影响, 起作用”。
②现在我能自己安排时间了, 这对我有很大的作用。
The fact that I can now organize my own time makes a big difference to me.
【其余考点】
考点1　litter v. 乱扔 n. 垃圾; 废弃物
*Some people are still throwing litter into the river. It’s too terrible!
有些人仍然往河里扔垃圾。太糟糕了!
*There will be fines for people who drop litter.
乱扔垃圾的人将被罚款。
考点2　play a part in在……中发挥作用
play a part in意为“参与……; 在……方面起作用”, 相当于play a role in, 后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式, part前可加 important、active等形容词, 表达“发挥重要作用”“积极参与”等。
*Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up!
这个镇上的每个人都应该参与到清理中来!
*He didn’t play a part in the competition at all.
他根本就没参加这次比赛。
对点训练
考点1
①There __________(be)some litter on the ground. Let’s pick it up.
②汉译英: 不要到处乱扔垃圾。
答案: ①is　②Don’t litter here and there.
考点2
①电脑正在我们的日常生活中发挥着重要的作用。
Computers ________________________________________________　in our daily life.
②所有的学生都积极参加学校的活动。
All the students ________________________________________in the school activities.
答案: ①are playing an important part
②play an active part
知识闯关
基础关
Ⅰ. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1. The small river is so clean that we can even see the bottom of it.
2. Don’t throw litter into the river or make it really dirty.
3. You’d better not take plastic (塑料的) forks when buying takeaway food.
4. As we know, coal (煤) can be used to get energy.
5. The pollution can turn the beautiful places into ugly (丑陋的) ones.
Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. There is a wooden (wood) house in the forest.
2. The fishermen (fisherman) make a living by fishing. 　
3. I think online shopping has lots of advantages (advantage).
4. —Do you have any good ideas for protecting (protect )the environment
—Of course. We can plant more trees.
Ⅲ. 从方框中选择合适的短语并用其适当形式填空
at the bottom of, noise pollution, cut down, play a part, make a difference
1. Car owners were asked to cut down travel.
2. There is a beautiful village at the bottom of the mountain.
3. The actress played a part in the film and became famous very soon.
4. These methods can make a difference to your life in the future.
5. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily.
能力关
Ⅳ. 综合填空
The air in California is polluted by soot (煤烟). The officials worry that the air is harmful to people’s 1. health. Experts have come up with a plan to stop the air pollution. The new plan has strict limits (限制) on how much soot can be let into the air. The 2. daily limit of pollution in the air would be cut in half.
The new plan would affect industry, as well as people who use 3. wood stoves and fireplaces. The county will record the air quality every day. People would be asked to stop 4. burning wood when the levels are high. They would 5. change to another kind of special fireplace. This kind of fireplace burns very little wood and does not pollute the air so much. The officials will 6. punish families who don’t follow the law.
Some areas do not have many 7. factories. Their pollution problem is not too bad, 8. but they would still have to control the pollution. The experts hope that the new plan will help make the air 9. cleaner than before.
Before the plan 10. becomes a law, the public will have 90 days to give advice. Then it will be put into effect.
任务型阅读
Most people don’t have interest in rainforests. 1. ______ Secondly, they seem dark and dangerous. There are snakes and dangerous plants everywhere. However, Jeff Corwin is different from most people. He has been interested in rainforests since he was a child.
Rainforests produce much of the air we breathe every day. 2. ______ Since then, he has had one goal: to tell people the importance of rainforests. Besides, he is most interested in the special animals living there.
3. ______ Many of the animals there cannot live anywhere else. The rainforests are important to these animals, and these animals are important to the rainforests, too. They are good for the forests, as each one plays a role in keeping the rainforests healthy.
Rainforests are disappearing very quickly.
4. ______ The plants and animals that used to live in these forests either die or must find a new forest to call their home. The good news is that there are a lot of people who want to save rainforests. The bad news is that saving rainforests is not going to be easy. It will take the efforts of many people working together.
5. ______ He has started clubs for young people. The clubs teach ways to help protect rainforests. Jeff believes education is the best way to protect rainforests. When people learn more about rainforests, they will try to help save them.
A. Jeff learned this fact in primary school.
B. First of all, they seem so far away from us.
C. The largest rainforest in the world is in South America.
D. People are cutting down rainforests for the following reasons.
E. Jeff wants to help people understand the valuable information.
F. Every year a large area of rainforests is cut down and destroyed.
G. Rainforests are home to half of the animal groups in the world.
答案: 1～5. BAGFE