Unit 5 What's the highest mountain in the world?Section A (3a-3c)基础必会清单及知识闯关（含答案）

Unit 5　What’s the highest mountain in the world
Section A (3a-3c)基础必会清单及知识闯关
基础必会清单
Ⅰ.核心词汇
名词:
1.成就;成绩 n. achievement
2.条件;状况 n. condition
3.力;力量n. force
4.自然界;大自然 n. nature
动词:
5.包括;包含 v. include
6.实现目标;成功 v. succeed
7.达到;完成;成功 v. achieve
形容词:
8.西南的;西南方向的n/ adj. southwestern
9.厚的;浓的 adj. thick
10.极冷的;冰冻的 adj. freezing
动词&名词:
11.挑战;考验 v.& n. challenge
短语:
12.吸入;吞入(体内) take in
13.面对(问题、困难等) in the face of
14.即使;虽然 even though/if
Ⅱ.重点句式
1.世界上最危险的运动之一是爬山,最受欢迎的登山点之一是喜马拉雅山。
One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing,and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas.
2.在所有的山中,珠穆朗玛峰是最高的,也是最著名的。
Of all the mountains,Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.
3.世界上没有哪一个大洋像太平洋那样大。
No ocean in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocean.
文本脉络梳理
1.________
2.________
3.________
4.________
5.________
答案:1.Thick　2.freezing　3.in　4.challenge　5.up
核心素养赋能
考点释疑
考点1　include v. 包括;包含
(1)include用作及物动词,意为“包括;包含”,后常跟名词、代词或动词-ing,指被包含者是整体的一部分。
(2)其-ing形式即including常用作介词,后常跟名词、代词或动词-ing起补充说明作用。
*The story book includes 6 parts in all.
这本故事书总共包含6部分。
*More than one hundred people joined the club, including ten old people.
100多人参加了该俱乐部,包括10位老年人。
*These are all your tasks, including cleaning the dishes.这些都是你的任务,包括洗碗碟在内。
考点2　succeed v. 实现目标;成功
*He succeeded in finding a job in Qingdao.
他成功在青岛找到一份工作。
*Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。
*If you successfully get to the top of the mountain, you will be a successful climber.
如果你成功登顶,你就是一个成功的登山者。
考点3　achieve v. 达到;完成;成功
(1)achieve与come true
achieve 及物动词,主语是人,宾语一般是dream,plan等
come true 不及物动词,主语一般是dream,prediction,plan等
(2)achieve的名词形式为achievement。
*If we try our best, we can achieve our dream/our dream will come true.如果我们尽最大努力,我们将会实现我们的梦想/我们的梦想将会实现。
*My parents are proud of my achievement.
父母为我的成就而感到骄傲。
对点训练
考点1
①(2022·莱芜质检)In most of China, a year ______four seasons:spring, summer, autumn and winter.
A.includes　 B.decides　 C.depends 　D.provides
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意:在中国大部分地方,一年包含四季:春、夏、秋、冬。include包含;包括;decide决定;depend依赖;provide提供。
②She likes different kinds of movies,including(include) cartoons.
③汉译英:森林中有很多危险,包括迷路。
There is lots of danger in the forest, including losing ways.
考点2
①What made China succeed in ______the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games
A.hold B.held C.holding D.to hold
【解析】选C。考查固定结构。succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。
②—Mum, we successfully(succeed) won the first place in the sports meeting.
—Wow, congratulations!
③汉译英:人们在沙漠里成功种植了很多树。
People succeeded in planting many trees in the desert./People successfully planted many trees in the desert.
考点3
① (2022·济宁质检)We will ______our dream one day.
A.come true B.get C.make D.achieve
【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:将来有一天我们会实现我们的梦想。come true实现(主语是梦想、计划等);get到达;make制作;使;achieve 实现;达成(主语是人、团队等)。
②To hold a successful Olympic Games is a great achievement(achieve).
③(2022·烟台质检)汉译英:实现这个目标是可能的。
It is possible to achieve this goal.
知识闯关
基础关
Ⅰ.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1.Your dream is very great,but it’s hard to achieve it.
2.Many people want to succeed,but few can work hard and stick to (坚持) their dreams.
3.—Can I skate on the river now,Dad
—I don’t think the ice is thick enough.So you can’t do it.
4.The weather conditions (条件) are not good for playing sports.
5.Her brother is very heavy and he has strong force (力量).
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.—What do you think of these workers’ achievements (achieve)
—They are great.
2.Did he succeed (success) in the end
3.I have many hobbies,including (include) swimming and skating.
4.—What do you think of mountain climbing (climb)
—It’s very dangerous.
5.We shouldn’t give up playing (play) the piano because of our homework.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.四川位于中国西南部。
Sichuan lies in the southwestern part of China.
2.永远不要放弃努力实现我们的梦想!
Never give up trying to achieve our dreams!
3.不要冒着生命危险去做这件事。
Don’t risk your life to do this.
4.面对困难时我们该怎么办
What can we do in the face of difficulties
5.我们的城市几乎和你们的一样大。
Our city is almost as big as yours.
能力关
Ⅳ.综合填空(教材开发)
根据句意及首字母提示填入所缺的词完成短文。
　　Do you know what the highest mountain in the world is Do you like mountain climbing Although mountain climbing is very 1.dangerous,many people like to do it.One of the most popular 2.places to do this is Qomolangma.It is 8,844.43 metres high.It is very hard for many people to get to the top of it.
　　3.Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.There are also many serious difficulties,including freezing weather 4.conditions and heavy storms.And on the top of it,it’s difficult to 5.take in air.
　　There are some people who have reached the top of Qomolangma.They didn’t give up and they 6.achieved their dreams.Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary were the 7.first people who got to the top.A Chinese team 8.succeeded in reaching the top in 1960.These climbers 9.risked their lives to climb the mountain because they wanted to 10.challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
Ⅴ.阅读理解
　　On September 2,2013,swimmer Diana Nyad reached Key West,Florida.At age 64,Nyad made history by becoming the first person to swim from Cuba to Florida without using a shark cage (防鲨笼).It took her nearly 53 hours to complete the 110-mile swim.
　　“You are never too old to achieve your dream,”Nyad said after finishing the swim.“Never give up.”
　　This was Nyad’s fifth attempt to complete the swim.She first tried in 1978,then three more attempts in 2011 and 2012.What finally helped her succeed She had trained for years,sometimes swimming for days at a time.But even more important than that was her mind.Besides,she had a team that helped her along the way.
　　Other swimmers had made the trip before,swimming inside shark cages which protected them as they moved through the dangerous waters.But Nyad did not want to use a cage.
　　Although Nyad faced many challenges along the way,she thought it was all worth it to achieve a lifelong dream.She wrote on her blog(博客),“I am so proud of my team,and...I am also proud of myself.” Many others are proud of Nyad too.Even former US President Barack Obama offered his congratulations.
1.Diana Nyad swam 110 miles______.
A.from California to Florida
B.from Cuba to Mexico
C.from Cuba to Florida
D.from Florida to Cuba
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由短文第一段At age 64,Nyad made history by becoming the first person to swim from Cuba to Florida without using a shark cage.这句话可知。
2.Diana Nyad had tried ______times before she successfully completed the swim.
A.three　　 B.four　 　C.five　　 D.six
【解析】选B。推理判断题。由短文第三段 This was Nyad’s fifth attempt to complete the swim.这句话可推知。
3.What made Diana Nyad succeed
A.Her mind. B.Her team.
C.Hard training. D.A,B and C.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由短文第三段She had trained for years,sometimes swimming for days at a time.But even more important than that was her mind.Besides,she had a team that helped her along the way.这几句话可知。
4.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to(指的是) ______.
A.Diana Nyad’s family B.other swimmers
C.cages D.sharks
【解析】选B。代词指代题。由该词所在句子的含义“其他的游泳者以前也进行过这种活动,在防鲨笼中游泳,当他们游过危险水域时,防鲨笼可以保护他们”可知,them代指other swimmers。
5.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A.Diana Nyad became the first person to swim from Cuba to Florida.
B.Former US President Barack Obama congratulated Diana Nyad on her success.
C.Diana Nyad began trying to swim from Cuba to Florida in 1978.
D.Diana Nyad faced many challenges during the swim.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。由短文第一段At age 64,Nyad made history by becoming the first person to swim from Cuba to Florida without using a shark cage.这句话可知Nyad成为不使用防鲨笼从古巴游到佛罗里达州的第一人。