2024届高考英语复习——非谓语动词之动词不定式学案（含答案）

2024届高考高三英语复习——非谓语动词之动词不定式
1. 三年真题动词不定式考点细目表
时间 卷次 语法填空/短文改错/单项选择
2023 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空: to bite； 作宾语 to be lifted 作宾语补足语
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: /
全国甲卷 语法填空: to teach 作目的状语 短文改错： /
全国乙卷 语法填空: / 短文改错： to washing 改为to wash 作目的状语
北京卷 语法填空: to address 作目的状语
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: / (6 月)语法填空: /
天津卷 单项选择： /
2022 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空: to increase 作目的状语
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: to see 作目的状语
全国甲卷 语法填空: ：to journey 作后置定语 短文改错： /
全国乙卷 语法填空: to strengthen 作目的状语 短文改错： /
北京卷 语法填空: to harm 作后置定语
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: to continue 作宾语 (6 月)语法填空: /
天津卷 单项选择： To keep 作目的状语
2021 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空: /
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: to educate 作目的状语
全国甲卷 语法填空: to walk 固定句型作主语 短文改错：
全国乙卷 语法填空: to have 作宾语 短文改错：
北京卷 语法填空: to invest 作后置定语
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: to plant 作目的状语 (6 月)语法填空:
天津卷 （第一次） 单项选择: （第二次）单项选择:
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近 3 年对于动词不定式主要考查：
1 ．不定式作的句法功能（目的状语、定语、宾补、主语和宾语）；
2 ．不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型；
3. 不定式的各种形式及其意义。
【备考策略】
1. 系统归类不定式的用法;
2. 熟练掌握不定式的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是不定式作目的状语及其固定搭配、固定句型。
【命题预测】
预测 2024 年高考语法填空和短文改错对不定式的考查仍然会成为的重点和难点， 尤其是考查不定式的
一些固定搭配、固定句型。
(
动词不定式的基本概念
)
1）不定式的各种形式
种类 时态 主动形式及意义 被动形式及意义
不定式 一般式 to do 将要发生或发生在谓语动词的动作后 to be done 被动、将来
进行式 to be doing 谓语发生时，不定式表示的动作正在
进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生
完成式 to have done 发生在谓语动词的动作之前 to have been done 被动、发 生在谓语动词的动作之前
2）非谓语动词的句法功能：
功能 形式 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语
不定式 v v v v v v
V-ing v v v v v v
V-ed v v v v
考点一 动词不定式作状语
1. 作目的状语
不定式作目的状语可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。但用在句中表目的时前面不能用逗号，强调动词
不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用 in order to/so as to＋动词原形，但 so as to 不用于句首。
To make friend s easily, you need to be very kind.
要想很容易地交朋友，你需要友善。
2. 作结果状语
a．不定式作结果状语时多表示出乎意料的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。作结果状语的不定式
通常用一般式，为了表示强调可在不定式前加上 only。
I rushed to the station, only to find the train had already gone.
我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
b ．不定式作结果状语还常用于 so ... as to ..., such ... as to ..., enough to ..., too ... to ...等结构中。
She was so late as to miss half of the lecture.
她来得如此晚以至于错过了一半的演讲。
She is such a good teacher as to be respected by all her students.
她是个如此好的老师，以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。
The house is large enough to hold two hundred people.
这座房子足够大，可以容纳两百人。
3. 作原因状语
不定式与情感类形容词连用时，大多表示原因，用来作原因状语。这类形容词主要有：happy, kind,
surprised, frightened, shocked, glad, delighted, disappointed 等。
They were surprised to be informed of the news.
被告知这一消息他们感到吃惊。
She was very happy to hear that her son had been promoted.
得知儿子升职了，她很高兴。
4. 动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词 easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, good, fit, comfortable 等后面 作状语，构成“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上 的动宾关系，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是
及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。
This book is difficult to understand.
这本书很难懂。
The picture is pleasant to look at.
这张画很好看。
5. 作独立成分
下列结构常用作独立成分：
to tell the truth 说实话； to be honest 诚实地说； to put it briefly 前言之；
to be frank 坦 白地说； to begin/start with 首先 ； to make things/matters worse 更糟糕 的是；
to put it in a nutshell 简而言之
1.（2023·全国甲卷 语法填空）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61. (teach)
a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
2.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41
(lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42their (they) contents.
1.（2023·江苏省苏州市常熟市阶段性抽测二） He used different shades of ink (model) the shrimp’s
torso (躯干) and head. These shrimps are not just passive subject matter; rather they are firmly stating their
presence.
2.（2023·山西省高三 1 月适应性调研考试（一模））China is developing a new-generation launch vehicle
(send) astronauts to the moon, which will be completed by 2030.
3.（2023·湖北省腾云联盟八月联考） It will use a new system fixed-wing aircraft, which will give it a
much greater combat (作战) capability than its two predecessors (前任), the Liaoning and the Shandong.
考点二 动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语，通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后，与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓、动宾或同
位关系。
(1) 表示将来的动作时，根据需要不定式可用主动或被动形式。
His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.
他下个月将要出版的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为依据写的。
I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.
我借了一些假期读的书。
(2 )表抽象意义的名词常被不定式修饰，如：chance, need, promise, ability, way, opportunity, right,
attempt, plan, evidence 等，常表同位关系。
Do you have the ability to read and write in English
你有用英语读和写的能力吗？
(3)名词或代词由序数词或最高级修饰，再被非谓语修饰时，一般用不定式作定语，表主谓关系。
She is always the first student to come and the last to leave.(主谓关系)
她总是第一个来最后一个走的学生。
(4)在表示有要做的事情时，通常用不定式作定语，不定式与被修饰词之间为被动关系。
—Do you have anything to be typed, sir
—No, thanks.
——先生，你有东西要打印吗？
——没有，谢谢。
I have a lot of work to do.
我有许多活要干。
若不定式中的动词是不及物动词，则要在该动词后加适当的介词。
I have no pen to write with.
我没有写字用的钢笔。
He had no money and no place to live in.
他没钱，也没地方住。
(2022· 全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step
(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
1.（2023·山东省“学情空间” 区域教研共同体联考）GMO food（转基因食品） products became part of the
U.S. diet in the mid-1990s. People who support GMO food say that their potential (solve) world
hunger outweighs any unknown risks.
2.（2023·江苏省南京市第一中学高三第一次模拟）“We tell people about the club and our goals
(raise) awareness,” said member Kevin Guo, 16.
考点三 动词不定式作主语、宾语和表语
1 ）作主语
不定式(短语)作主语， 表示某一具体的， 尤其是未发生的动作。可位于句首， 也可用 it 作形式主语， 而
把不定式置于后面。不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
It's not easy to learn English well.Reading as much as possible is necessary.
学好英语不容易，广泛阅读是有必要的。
It's important for the figures to be updated regularly.
对数字进行定期更新很重要。
2 ）作宾语
下列动词只跟不定式作宾语
口诀 动词
希望学会想决心 hope/wish/expect, learn, want, decide/determine
设法拒绝愿假装 manage, refuse, care, pretend
主动承诺选计划 offer, promise, choose, plan
请求同意来帮忙 ask/beg, agree , help
She closed her eyes and pretended to be asleep.他闭上眼睛，假装睡着了。
注意：有些动词后常接“疑问词+不定式”短语作宾语，如， discover, explain, wonder 等。
I wonder how to deal with the colourful apples.我想知道怎样处理这些五彩的苹果。
He has no choice but to leave.他除了离开别无选择。（作介词 to 的宾语）
3)作表语
表示一般的概念时， 不定式、动词-ing 形式可以互换， 而表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时， 一
般用不定式。
。What she likes is watching/to watch children play.
她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。
④ My wish is to become a good teacher.
我的愿望就是要当个好老师。
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), or to put
the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
2. [2021·八省 1 月联考] Fortunately, nowadays it is much easier （make）eco-friendly lifestyle choices.
1.(2023·重庆市第八中学校 4 月考)But the one thing that reading a book or talking to someone cannot do is
(provide) you with the experience of wandering Paris on foot.
2.（2023·福建省漳州市第一次教学质量检测） The film,jointly produced by Suzhou Broadcasting Cooperation and Suzhou Protection and Management Office of Intangible Cultural Heritage, aims (present) an
elegant and fresh Chinese culture to overseas audiences.
考点四 作补语
下列动词（短语）后跟带 to 的不定式作宾补
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, order, persuade,
prefer, require, teach, tell, want, wish, warn, remind, wait for, call on, depend on 等。
Our teacher encourages us to face difficulty bravely.我们老师鼓励我们勇敢地面对困难。
She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.她要我在她不在的时候接电话。
易错点：1.感官动词(短语)see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel 的宾语补足语主要有三
种形式，试比较(以 see 为例)：
doing sth 看见 … …
(
{
) (
see
+
宾语+
) … }
done 看见 … …被做（宾语与宾语补足语之
间存在被动关系）
① I heard her sing an English song just now.(主动，完成)
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
② I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.(主动，正在进行)
昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。
③ To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.(被动，无
时间性)
为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽可能多地听英语。
易错点：2使役动词＋宾语＋宾补
do sth 让 … …做某事
e ＋{d
(
do sth
使
…
…
做某事
)（宾语与宾语
(
{
)＋ th 使 … …持续}
done 使 … …被做/遭受（宾语与宾语
补足语之间存在被动关系）
注意：(1)在以上省去 to 的不定式作宾补的结构中，若变为被动语态，需将省去的不定式符号 to 补出
来。
He made his workers work 12 hours a day. （主动）
→His workers were made to work 12 hours a day.(被动)
他让他的工人们每天工作 12 个小时。
(2)have 还可以用于“have sth to do/to be done”结构中，其中 have 作“有”讲，用不定式作定语。
I have something urgent to inform you.
（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them
(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
1.（2023·河北省石家庄市全过程测试） No schools are allowed (decline) their appeal for schooling. 2.（2023·江苏省南通市通州、兴化、泗洪第一次质量监测） With 100 days (go) before the college
entrance examination, our school held a coming-of-age ceremony for Senior 3 students.
考点五 动词不定式的其它考点
1 ）不定式的主动表被动
(1) 不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系时。
If you want to make even greater progress in your studies, you still have many difficulties to overcome.
如果你想在学业上取得更大的进步,那么你还需要克服许多困难。
(2) 在“be+性质形容词+不定式 ”结构中,性质形容词如 easy，hard,difficult,safe,interesting,heavy,pleasant,
comfortable ，dangerous ，impossible 等。
He is not easy to get along with. 他不易相处。
The book is very interesting to read.这本书读一读是很有趣的。
(3)不定式与疑问代词连用时。
I don't know which to choose because there isn ’t any difference between the two.
两者之间毫无差别,所以我真不知道该选哪个。
(4) 某些动词不定式与 be 连用时，如 to blame(责备) ，to seek(寻找),to let(出租)等。
He is to blame for this.他因这件事该受责备。
The answer is not hard to seek.答案不难寻找。
2 ）不定式的被动语态
(1) 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,一般要用被动语态。
A lot of graduates ask to be sent to work where they are most needed every year.
每年都有毕业生要求被派往最需要他们的地方工作。
(2) 不定式的被动语态一般式通常表示将来的动作。
The topic to be discussed tomorrow is about climate change
明天要讨论的主题是关于气候变化的。
(3) 不定式的被动语态完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。
The novel is said to have been translated into several languages.
这部小说据说被翻译成了种语言。
3 ）下列情况下不定式作表语通常省略 to：
（1）主语是 all 其后有 that 引导的定语从句或 what 引导的从句，且从句中含有 do 的某种形式时。
（2）主语是 the only ，the first ，the last，形容词最高级或被这些词修饰，主语后有定语从句，且定语
从句中含有 do 的某种形式时。
All you need to do now is complete the form.
你现在要做的是把这张表填好。
What I want to do most in senior high school is improve my English.
我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。
The only thing to do now is go on.
前进是现在唯一的出路。
（3）省略不定式是否保留 to
在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号 to。如：
I shall go if I want to. 如果我想去就去。
" Don’t be late.＂ ＂I’ll try not to.＂ ＂不要来晚了。＂＂我尽量不来晚。"
Don’t go till I tell you to. 等我叫你走你再走。
注意：1. 若被省略的不定式为to be 短语，则通常应保留to be。如： He is not the man he used to be. 他已不是原来的那个样子了。 2. 有时省略不定式时，同时也可省略 to。如： She may go if she likes (to). 她想去就可以去。
1.One thing you can’t help but when driving around Australia is the country’s plentiful amounts of space.
A ．notice B ．to notice C ．to be noticed D ．being noticed
2.The entertainment park by the end of 2023 will attract visitors at home and abroad.
A ．accomplished B ．being accomplished
C ．to be accomplished D ．having been accomplished
1 ．One thing you can’t help but when driving around Australia is the country’s plentiful amounts of
space.
A ．notice B ．to notice C ．to be noticed D ．being noticed
2.With the ever-serious pollution, many species, including endangered ones, are known by ocean plastics
in the past decades.
A ．to have been affected B ．to have affected
C ．having been affectedD ．having affected
3 ．Your sister is said in the supermarket when she was doing shopping yesterday.
A ．to be treated badly B ．treating badly
C ．being badly treated D ．to have been badly treated
过关检测
1 ． (2023· 西 南 名校 高 三 第 一 次 大 联 考)The first human case of monkeypox was recorded in 1970 in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) during a period of intensified effort (get) rid of smallpox.
2.（2023·江苏省南京市第一中学高三第一次模拟）“We tell people about the club and our goals
(raise) awareness,” said member Kevin Guo, 16.
Gaining from jade for a second time honors the Chinese capital’s unique position as the first city
（host) the Summer and Winter Olympics.
4.（2023·广东省惠州实验中学 5 月试题）This community, called Hua Yan Hui, in 2011 following a Hanfu revival (复兴) movement that emerged from growing cultural confidence and the desire (express)
national identity. Since then, he has been volunteering to support the group.
5. [2021·八省 1 月联考）] In my everyday life, I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways
（reduce）my carbon footprint on the planet.
6. [2021· 吉 林 省 吉 林 市 高 三 第 一 次 调 研 考 试 ]Another Weibo user wrote, “Thank you for giving me an
opportunity (appreciate) the landscape in the countryside.”
7.（2023·湖南省雅礼十六校第一次联考） Two things I did may have caused people (think) that
something is wrong with me.
8.（2023·河北省石家庄市全过程测试） 9.（2023·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学模拟） After the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Palace Museum was established in 1925, allowing tourists at home and abroad (visit) the
architecture and appreciate the artistic treasures.
10.（2023·河南省安阳市 TOP 二十名校摸底） The ox was originally first, but he was so kind that he agreed
(carry) the little rat across the river.
11.（2023·江苏省南通市海门实验学校学情调研二）While much attention is paid to the outside of a bag-its design, brand and, unavoidably, its price tag, most people tends (ignore) the rich and complex internal life
hidden in it.
12..（2023·湖南省部分校教育联盟摸底）In the main cultural venue of Jiaxing city’s Xiuzhou District, Zhejiang
Province, a few elderly women are using their imagination and some bright colors (paint) the wonderful
scenes of life in Jiangnan, or “south of the Yangtze River” .
13.（2023·江苏省扬州市宝应县检测）With space for just 40 people at a time, visitors line up (enter)
the library, which only opens on weekends.
14.(2023·云南省曲靖市一中高质量监测（五）) (address) the problems, Yan improved Dai’s pape
rmaking technology, thus saving production time and reducing labor costs.
15.（2023·江苏省镇江市调研）The “Asian Games International Class” was specially set up for foreign friends living in Zhejiang (welcome) the 19th Asian Games, which will introduce the cultural and tourism
resources of Zhejiang.
16.（2023·山东省齐鲁名校大联盟联考） She’s leading a group of students and parents to a garden
(collect) data.
17.（2023·广东省惠州实验中学 5 月试题）This community, called Hua Yan Hui, in 2011 following a Hanfu revival (复兴) movement that emerged from growing cultural confidence and the desire (express)
national identity. Since then, he has been volunteering to support the group.
18.（2023·江苏省镇江实验高中检测）The history of Chinese characters dates back to ancient times, with a history of at least several thousand years. It is agreed that hanzi began as simple pictures, images that the ancient
Chinese people drew, painted, and carved (describe) nature and their lives.
19.（2023·江苏省常州市教育学会学业水平监测）However, more significantly, Mbappé has scored nine goals in World Cups, becoming the first player (reach) that mark before his 24th birthday. Mbappé passed two footballing legends with his double. Both Diego Maradona and Cristiano Ronaldo have eight World Cup goals to
their names.
20.（2023·哈尔滨师范大学附属中学第三次模拟） JongMay Urbonya is an American lady full of surprises: she
is fluent in Mandarin; she is so enthusiastic about Hanfu as (wear) that every day.
21.(2023·江苏省徐州市高三 5 月模拟) In recent years, however, Wuxi has carried out a series of reforms and
innovation (promote) the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage projects.
22.(2023·广东省深圳市二调) So people in Nuanquan made use of scrap iron and developed Da Shuhua as a
way (celebrate) festivals.
23.(2023·河北省衡水中学高三下学期五调） (preserve) the ancient tea trees, Yunnan Province has passed a protection regulation recently,clarifying that wild and cultivated tea plants aged over 100 years should be
better protected in the province.
24.（2023·江苏省南通徐州市等 5 地高三三模） This made tea easier (transport) and more plea sig to
the tongue.
25.（2023·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学模拟） After the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Palace Museum was established in 1925, allowing tourists at home and abroad (visit) the architecture and appreciate the artistic treasures. 26.（2023·湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学4 月押题） “We don’t have relevant experience (refer) to, so we have to build the zone by doing our research and exploration,” Liu Ye, a professor at Tsinghua University,
said to Xinhua.
26.（2023·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业班联合模拟） This community, called Hua Yan Hui, was founded in 2011 following a Hanfu revival(复兴) movement that emerged from growing cultural confidence and the desire
(express) national identity.
27.（2023·广东省名校联盟高三 3 月大联考） This led to a number of people making bungee jumps for TV
shows or as a way (show) off their skills, often off extremely famous structures such as the Eiffel Tower.
28.（2023·湖北 · 华中师大一附中校考模拟预测）Officials organized the ceremonies (celebrate) the day
and people visited each other with delicious food.
29.（2023·江苏省淮安市两校（楚州中学、新马中学） 联考） In 1946, he left his hometown (study)
at Beifang University, where he began publishing poems and novels.
30. (2023·湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学模拟) (welcome) Lichun, ancient emperors and officials
dressed up and held grand ceremonies on this day to worship the God of the Spring.
31.（2023·湖北省模拟）32.（2023·江苏省扬州中学测试）Gaining from jade for a second time honors the
Chinese capital’s unique position as the first city （host) the Summer and Winter Olympics.
33.（江苏省决胜新高考 2023 年高三 4 月大联考试题） Xidi and Hongcun are, without doubt, ideal sites for a
contemporary society (research) traditional village culture.
34.(2023 年福建龙岩第一中学校考三模) This expresses the desire of the Arab people ( seek)
knowledge from China.
35..（2023 届四川省成都石室中学高三二诊模拟考试）“You could tell Tim was very relaxed (have)
someone he could talk to, and she was such an angel.”
36.（2023 届陕西省榆林市高三二模试题） The Philadelphia Orchestra, as the first American
orchestra (visit) China, bridged the two nations in the field of culture.
真题演练
(
2023
年
)
1.【2023 年全国乙卷】 She went right into the shower to washing it, but it was no use.
2.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】To eat one, you have to decide whether 37 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot
soup explode on your tongue.
3.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41
(lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents.
4.【2023 年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 41 (teach) a lesson or to pass
on wisdom
5.【2023 年北京卷】She called for action 19 (address)the struggles of people around the world
20 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running
through a global campaign called“Run Blue” .
(
2022
年
)
1. 【 2022 新高考 I 卷 】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority
(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
2.【2022 全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step
(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
6.【2022 全国乙卷】 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the
world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
7. 【 2022 年 浙 江 卷 1 月 】 That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans
（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
【2022 年新高考 2 卷】Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto
the balcony, and climbed up 39 (see) them.
9.【2022 年北京卷】As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an
intention 12 (harm) her, Helen started to run.
10.【2022 年天津卷第二次】 his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James
Naismith created basketball.
A. To be kept B. Kept C. To keep D. Keeping
(
2021
年
)
1.【2021 全国甲卷】 It is possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
2.【2021 全国乙卷】
Activitithere range from whale watching to hiking （远足 ） and accommodations aim 10 (have) a low
impact on the natural environment.
3. 【 2021.6 浙江卷 】Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 8 (plant) flowers in the front
yard.
4 ．【2021 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I decided to do something 58 (educate) people about this problem. 5.【2021 年北京卷】Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need
20 (invest) in disaster prevention.
(
2020
年
)
1.【2020 年新课标Ⅰ】 Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66. (find) and study
areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. "
2.【2020 年新课标Ⅰ】 I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom
told me how to preparing it.
3.【2020 年新课标Ⅱ】They are easy 68. (care) for and make great presents.
4.【2020 年新课标Ⅲ】 The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67. (find) the well-known painter.
5.【2020 年新课标Ⅲ】 I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill.
6.【2020 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷(海南卷)】These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own
websites or for second and third graders 36 （begin）computer classes.
7.【2020 年北京卷】 It takes them hundreds of years 5 (break) down. 8.【2020 年浙江卷 7 月】
Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60 (change)lives.
9. 【2020 年天津卷第一次】The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection
economic growth.
A. to be promoted B. being promoted C. promoting D. to promote
(
2019
)
1.【2019 年全国卷 Ⅰ】Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since
the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. ...
2.【2019 年全国卷 III】 On our way to the house ，it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering
how long it would take 62 (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
3.【2019 年全国卷 III】I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe.
4.【2019 年浙江卷 6 月】 But some students didn't want 63 (wear) the uniform.
5.【2018 年浙江卷 11 月】 One study showed that 64 (woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely 65 (have) children with birth
defects.
6.【2019 年江苏卷】 the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart
phones.
A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy2024届高考高三英语复习——非谓语动词之动词不定式
1. 三年真题动词不定式考点细目表
时间 卷次 语法填空/短文改错/单项选择
2023 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空: to bite； 作宾语 to be lifted 作宾语补足语
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: /
全国甲卷 语法填空: to teach 作目的状语 短文改错： /
全国乙卷 语法填空: / 短文改错： to washing 改为to wash 作目的状语
北京卷 语法填空: to address 作目的状语
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: / (6 月)语法填空: /
天津卷 单项选择： /
2022 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空: to increase 作目的状语
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: to see 作目的状语
全国甲卷 语法填空: ：to journey 作后置定语 短文改错： /
全国乙卷 语法填空: to strengthen 作目的状语 短文改错： /
北京卷 语法填空: to harm 作后置定语
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: to continue 作宾语 (6 月)语法填空: /
天津卷 单项选择： To keep 作目的状语
2021 年 新高考 I 卷 语法填空: /
新高考 II 卷 语法填空: to educate 作目的状语
全国甲卷 语法填空: to walk 固定句型作主语 短文改错：
全国乙卷 语法填空: to have 作宾语 短文改错：
北京卷 语法填空: to invest 作后置定语
浙江卷 (1 月)语法填空: to plant 作目的状语 (6 月)语法填空:
天津卷 （第一次） 单项选择: （第二次）单项选择:
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近 3 年对于动词不定式主要考查：
1 ．不定式作的句法功能（目的状语、定语、宾补、主语和宾语）；
2 ．不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型；
3. 不定式的各种形式及其意义。
【备考策略】
1. 系统归类不定式的用法;
2. 熟练掌握不定式的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是不定式作目的状语及其固定搭配、固定句型。
【命题预测】
预测 2024 年高考语法填空和短文改错对不定式的考查仍然会成为的重点和难点， 尤其是考查不定式的
一些固定搭配、固定句型。
(
动词不定式的基本概念
)
1）不定式的各种形式
种类 时态 主动形式及意义 被动形式及意义
不定式 一般式 to do 将要发生或发生在谓语动词的动作后 to be done 被动、将来
进行式 to be doing 谓语发生时，不定式表示的动作正在
进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生
完成式 to have done 发生在谓语动词的动作之前 to have been done 被动、发 生在谓语动词的动作之前
2）非谓语动词的句法功能：
功能 形式 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语
不定式 v v v v v v
V-ing v v v v v v
V-ed v v v v
考点一 动词不定式作状语
1. 作目的状语
不定式作目的状语可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。但用在句中表目的时前面不能用逗号，强调动词
不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用 in order to/so as to＋动词原形，但 so as to 不用于句首。
To make friend s easily, you need to be very kind.
要想很容易地交朋友，你需要友善。
2. 作结果状语
a．不定式作结果状语时多表示出乎意料的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。作结果状语的不定式
通常用一般式，为了表示强调可在不定式前加上 only。
I rushed to the station, only to find the train had already gone.
我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
b ．不定式作结果状语还常用于 so ... as to ..., such ... as to ..., enough to ..., too ... to ...等结构中。
She was so late as to miss half of the lecture.
她来得如此晚以至于错过了一半的演讲。
She is such a good teacher as to be respected by all her students.
她是个如此好的老师，以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。
The house is large enough to hold two hundred people.
这座房子足够大，可以容纳两百人。
3. 作原因状语
不定式与情感类形容词连用时，大多表示原因，用来作原因状语。这类形容词主要有：happy, kind,
surprised, frightened, shocked, glad, delighted, disappointed 等。
They were surprised to be informed of the news.
被告知这一消息他们感到吃惊。
She was very happy to hear that her son had been promoted.
得知儿子升职了，她很高兴。
4. 动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词 easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, good, fit, comfortable 等后面 作状语，构成“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上 的动宾关系，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是
及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。
This book is difficult to understand.
这本书很难懂。
The picture is pleasant to look at.
这张画很好看。
5. 作独立成分
下列结构常用作独立成分：
to tell the truth 说实话； to be honest 诚实地说； to put it briefly 前言之；
to be frank 坦 白地说； to begin/start with 首先 ； to make things/matters worse 更糟糕 的是；
to put it in a nutshell 简而言之
1.（2023·全国甲卷 语法填空）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61. (teach)
a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
【答案】 to teach
【解析】考查不定式。句意:几千年来,人们讲寓言故事或为了教课或为了传递智慧。根据空后的 or to pass on
wisdom 可知,此处和后文是并列关系,故填 to teach。
2.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41
(lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42their (they) contents.
【41 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会 撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配 allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事 ”可知， 空格需用动词不定式作宾语 补足语， 补足语 lift out 与宾语 them（指代小笼包） 是逻辑上的动宾关系， 空格需填动词不定式的被动式 to
be lifted。故填 to be lifted。
1.（2023·江苏省苏州市常熟市阶段性抽测二） He used different shades of ink (model) the shrimp’s
torso (躯干) and head. These shrimps are not just passive subject matter; rather they are firmly stating their
presence.
【答案】 to model
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他用不同色调的墨水来展示虾的躯干和头部。此处作目的状语，应用动
词不定式。故填 to model。
2.（2023·山西省高三 1 月适应性调研考试（一模））China is developing a new-generation launch vehicle
(send) astronauts to the moon, which will be completed by 2030.
【答案】 to send
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国正在开发新一代运载火箭， 将宇航员送上月球， 并将于 2030 年完成。
根据语境可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to send。
3.（2023·湖北省腾云联盟八月联考） It will use a new system fixed-wing aircraft, which will give it a
much greater combat (作战) capability than its two predecessors (前任), the Liaoning and the Shandong.
【答案】 to launch
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它将使用一种新的系统发射固定翼飞机，这将使其拥有比前两种型号辽 宁舰和山东舰更大的作战能力。分析句子结构可知 launch 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，
应用不定式。故填 to launch。
考点二 动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语，通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后，与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓、动宾或同
位关系。
(1) 表示将来的动作时，根据需要不定式可用主动或被动形式。
His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.
他下个月将要出版的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为依据写的。
I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.
我借了一些假期读的书。
(2 )表抽象意义的名词常被不定式修饰，如：chance, need, promise, ability, way, opportunity, right,
attempt, plan, evidence 等，常表同位关系。
Do you have the ability to read and write in English
你有用英语读和写的能力吗？
(3)名词或代词由序数词或最高级修饰，再被非谓语修饰时，一般用不定式作定语，表主谓关系。
She is always the first student to come and the last to leave.(主谓关系)
她总是第一个来最后一个走的学生。
(4)在表示有要做的事情时，通常用不定式作定语，不定式与被修饰词之间为被动关系。
—Do you have anything to be typed, sir
—No, thanks.
——先生，你有东西要打印吗？
——没有，谢谢。
I have a lot of work to do.
我有许多活要干。
若不定式中的动词是不及物动词，则要在该动词后加适当的介词。
I have no pen to write with.
我没有写字用的钢笔。
He had no money and no place to live in.
他没钱，也没地方住。
(2022· 全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step
(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
【答案】 to journey
【解析】此处 journey 为动词，表示“ 旅行” ，step 前有序数词修饰，应用不定式作后置定语。故填 to
journey。
1.（2023·山东省“学情空间” 区域教研共同体联考）GMO food（转基因食品） products became part of the
U.S. diet in the mid-1990s. People who support GMO food say that their potential (solve) world
hunger outweighs any unknown risks.
【答案】 to solve
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：支持转基因食品的人说，它们解决世界饥饿问题的潜力超过了任何未知
的风险。 potential 后常用不定式作后置定语，故填 to solve。
2.（2023·江苏省南京市第一中学高三第一次模拟）“We tell people about the club and our goals
(raise) awareness,” said member Kevin Guo, 16.
【答案】 to raise
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：16 岁的会员 Kevin Guo 说：“我们向人们介绍这个俱乐部，以及我们提高
人们的认识的目标。 ”此处用动词不定式充当定语，修饰前面的名词。故填 to raise。
考点三 动词不定式作主语、宾语和表语
1 ）作主语
不定式(短语)作主语， 表示某一具体的， 尤其是未发生的动作。可位于句首， 也可用 it 作形式主语， 而
把不定式置于后面。不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
It's not easy to learn English well.Reading as much as possible is necessary.
学好英语不容易，广泛阅读是有必要的。
It's important for the figures to be updated regularly.
对数字进行定期更新很重要。
2 ）作宾语
下列动词只跟不定式作宾语
口诀 动词
希望学会想决心 hope/wish/expect, learn, want, decide/determine
设法拒绝愿假装 manage, refuse, care, pretend
主动承诺选计划 offer, promise, choose, plan
请求同意来帮忙 ask/beg, agree , help
She closed her eyes and pretended to be asleep.他闭上眼睛，假装睡着了。
注意：有些动词后常接“疑问词+不定式”短语作宾语，如， discover, explain, wonder 等。
I wonder how to deal with the colourful apples.我想知道怎样处理这些五彩的苹果。
He has no choice but to leave.他除了离开别无选择。（作介词 to 的宾语）
3)作表语
表示一般的概念时， 不定式、动词-ing 形式可以互换， 而表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时， 一
般用不定式。
。What she likes is watching/to watch children play.
她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。
。 My wish is to become a good teacher.
我的愿望就是要当个好老师。
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), or to put
the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
【答案】 to bite
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口,释放蒸汽,让里面的汤汁流
出来还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。空处与后面 to put 并列,充当 decide 的宾语。
2. [2021·八省 1 月联考] Fortunately, nowadays it is much easier （make）eco-friendly lifestyle choices.
【答案】 to make
【解析】考查不定式。幸运的是，现在更容易选择环保的生活方式。此处 it 是形式主语，后面的不定式短
语作真正的主语。故填 to make。
1.(2023·重庆市第八中学校 4 月考)But the one thing that reading a book or talking to someone cannot do is
(provide) you with the experience of wandering Paris on foot.
【答案】 to provide/provide
【解析】考查不定式。句意：但是，读书或与某人交谈无法做到的一件事就是为您提供步行流浪巴黎的体 验。从 one thing...cannot do 可知，空处为不定式做表语，主语部分有实义动词 do ，to 可以省略。故填
(to)provide。
2.（2023·福建省漳州市第一次教学质量检测） The film,jointly produced by Suzhou Broadcasting Cooperation and Suzhou Protection and Management Office of Intangible Cultural Heritage, aims (present) an
elegant and fresh Chinese culture to overseas audiences.
【答案】 to present
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部电影是由苏州广电总台和苏州市非遗办联合出品，旨在给海外观众
呈现一个既优雅又鲜活的中国文化。 aim to do sth.表示“ 旨在做某事” ，所以应填 to present。故填 to present。
考点四 作补语
下列动词（短语）后跟带 to 的不定式作宾补
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, order, persuade,
prefer, require, teach, tell, want, wish, warn, remind, wait for, call on, depend on 等。
Our teacher encourages us to face difficulty bravely.我们老师鼓励我们勇敢地面对困难。
She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.她要我在她不在的时候接电话。
易错点：1.感官动词(短语)see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel 的宾语补足语主要有三
种形式，试比较(以 see 为例)：
doing sth 看见 … …
(
{
) (
see
+
宾语+
) … }
done 看见 … …被做（宾语与宾语补足语之
间存在被动关系）
① I heard her sing an English song just now.(主动，完成)
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
② I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.(主动，正在进行)
昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。
③ To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.(被动，无
时间性)
为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽可能多地听英语。
易错点：21使役动词＋宾语＋宾补
do sth 让 … …做某事
e ＋{d
(
do sth
使
…
…
做某事
语
) (
{
)＋ th 使 … …持续} 主动关
done 使 … …被做/遭受（宾语与宾语
补足语之间存在被动关系）
注意：(1)在以上省去 to 的不定式作宾补的结构中，若变为被动语态，需将省去的不定式符号 to 补出
来。
He made his workers work 12 hours a day. （主动）
→His workers were made to work 12 hours a day.(被动)
他让他的工人们每天工作 12 个小时。
(2)have 还可以用于“have sth to do/to be done”结构中，其中 have 作“有”讲，用不定式作定语。
I have something urgent to inform you.
（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them
(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
【答案】 to be lifted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意: 除了南翔,最好的小笼包有精美的外皮,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不 会撕裂或溢出里面的馅。根据固定搭配 allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”,空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足
语,补足语与宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系,空处需填动词不定式的被动形式 to be lifted。
1.（2023·河北省石家庄市全过程测试） No schools are allowed (decline) their appeal for schooling.
【答案】 to decline
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：任何学校都不得拒绝他们的入学申请。分析可知， 此处是固定搭配 allow…to do sth.“ 允许 …… 做某事” 的被动形式 be allowed to do sth.“被允许做某事” ，不定式作主语补足语。故填 to
decline。
2.（2023·江苏省南通市通州、兴化、泗洪第一次质量监测） With 100 days (go) before the college
entrance examination, our school held a coming-of-age ceremony for Senior 3 students.
【答案】 to go
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：距离高考还有 100 天，我们学校为高三学生举行了成人仪式。分析句子 可知， 空格处考查“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。根据句意， 距离高考还有 100 天， 此处表将来， 应用动词
不定式，作宾语补足语。故填 to go。
考点五 动词不定式的其它考点
1 ）不定式的主动表被动
(1) 不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系时。
If you want to make even greater progress in your studies, you still have many difficulties to overcome.
如果你想在学业上取得更大的进步,那么你还需要克服许多困难。
(2) 在“be+性质形容词+不定式 ”结构中,性质形容词如 easy，hard,difficult,safe,interesting,heavy,pleasant,
comfortable ，dangerous ，impossible 等。
He is not easy to get along with. 他不易相处。
The book is very interesting to read.这本书读一读是很有趣的。
(3)不定式与疑问代词连用时。
I don't know which to choose because there isn ’t any difference between the two.
两者之间毫无差别,所以我真不知道该选哪个。
(4) 某些动词不定式与 be 连用时，如 to blame(责备) ，to seek(寻找),to let(出租)等。
He is to blame for this.他因这件事该受责备。
The answer is not hard to seek.答案不难寻找。
2 ）不定式的被动语态
(1) 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,一般要用被动语态。
A lot of graduates ask to be sent to work where they are most needed every year.
每年都有毕业生要求被派往最需要他们的地方工作。
(2) 不定式的被动语态一般式通常表示将来的动作。
The topic to be discussed tomorrow is about climate change
明天要讨论的主题是关于气候变化的。
(3) 不定式的被动语态完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。
The novel is said to have been translated into several languages.
这部小说据说被翻译成了种语言。
3 ）下列情况下不定式作表语通常省略 to：
（1）主语是 all 其后有 that 引导的定语从句或 what 引导的从句，且从句中含有 do 的某种形式时。
（2）主语是 the only ，the first ，the last，形容词最高级或被这些词修饰，主语后有定语从句，且定语
从句中含有 do 的某种形式时。
All you need to do now is complete the form.
你现在要做的是把这张表填好。
What I want to do most in senior high school is improve my English.
我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。
The only thing to do now is go on.
前进是现在唯一的出路。
（3）省略不定式是否保留 to
在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号 to。如：
I shall go if I want to. 如果我想去就去。
" Don’t be late.＂ ＂I’ll try not to.＂ ＂不要来晚了。＂＂我尽量不来晚。"
Don’t go till I tell you to. 等我叫你走你再走。
注意：1. 若被省略的不定式为to be 短语，则通常应保留to be。如： He is not the man he used to be. 他已不是原来的那个样子了。 2. 有时省略不定式时，同时也可省略 to。如： She may go if she likes (to). 她想去就可以去。
One thing you can’t help but when driving around Australia is the country’s plentiful amounts of space.
A ．notice B ．to notice C ．to be noticed D ．being noticed
【答案】A
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当你开车环游澳大利亚时，你会不由自主地注意到一件事，那就是这个国
家广阔的空间。此处为短语 can’t help but do sth.，表示“ 只能做某事，不得不做” 。故选 A。
The entertainment park by the end of 2023 will attract visitors at home and abroad.
A ．accomplished B ．being accomplished
C ．to be accomplished D ．having been accomplished
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即将于 2023 低年完工的娱乐公园将会吸引国内外的游客。根据句子分析 可知， 此处作定语， 修饰 the entertainment park，且 the entertainment park 与 accomplish 之间为被动关系， 根
据时间状语 by the end of 2023 可知，此处为将来时的被动，故应用to be done 作定语，故选 C。
1 ．One thing you can’t help but when driving around Australia is the country’s plentiful amounts of
space.
A ．notice B ．to notice C ．to be noticed D ．being noticed
【答案】A
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当你开车环游澳大利亚时，你会不由自主地注意到一件事，那就是这个国
家广阔的空间。此处为短语 can’t help but do sth.，表示“ 只能做某事，不得不做” 。故选 A。
2.With the ever-serious pollution, many species, including endangered ones, are known by ocean plastics
in the past decades.
A ．to have been affected B ．to have affected
C ．having been affectedD ．having affected
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着日益严重的污染，许多物种的生存，包括濒危物种，在过去的几十 年里受到海洋塑料的严重威胁，从而引发人们的关注。be known to do 为固定短语，意为“做某事被熟知” ； 且非谓语动词短语表述的现象早于谓语动词发生，故应使用不定式的完成式；提示词“affect 影响”与其逻辑
主语 many species 之间为被动关系，应用to have been done 形式，故选 A。
3 ．Your sister is said in the supermarket when she was doing shopping yesterday.
A ．to be treated badly B ．treating badly
C ．being badly treated D ．to have been badly treated
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说你妹妹昨天在超市购物时受到了不好的待遇。 sb. be said to do 固定搭 配， 意为“据说某人做某事” ，且根据句意可知， 不定式的动作“对待”发生在谓语动词“据说”之前， 故用不定
式的完成式。故选 D。
过关检测
1 ． (2023· 西 南 名校 高 三 第 一 次 大 联 考)The first human case of monkeypox was recorded in 1970 in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) during a period of intensified effort (get) rid of smallpox.
【答案】 to get
【解析】effort 后面应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填 to get。
2.（2023·江苏省南京市第一中学高三第一次模拟）“We tell people about the club and our goals
(raise) awareness,” said member Kevin Guo, 16.
【答案】 to raise
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：16 岁的会员 Kevin Guo 说：“我们向人们介绍这个俱乐部，以及我们提高
人们的认识的目标。 ”此处用动词不定式充当定语，修饰前面的名词。故填 to raise。
3.（2023·江苏省扬州中学测试）Gaining inspiration from jade for a second time honors the Chinese capital’s
unique position as the first city （host) the Summer and Winter Olympics.
【答案】 to host
【解析】考查不定式。句意：第二次从翡翠中汲取灵感，彰显了中国首都作为第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运
会的城市的独特地位。序数词后动词不定式做后置定语，修饰 city，故填 to host。
4.（2023·广东省惠州实验中学 5 月试题）This community, called Hua Yan Hui, was founded in 2011 following a Hanfu revival ( 复 兴 ) movement that emerged from growing cultural confidence and the desire
(express) national identity. Since then, he has been volunteering to support the group.
【答案】 to express
【解析】考查不定式。句意：这个名为“华严会” 的社团成立于 2011 年，随着汉服复兴运动的兴起，这场运 动源于日益增长的文化自信和表达民族认同的愿望。the desire to do“做 …… 的欲望” ，不定式作定语修饰
desire，故填 to express。
5. [2021·八省 1 月联考）] In my everyday life, I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways
（reduce）my carbon footprint on the planet.
【答案】 to reduce
【解析】考查不定式。在我的日常生活里，我正在进行一次寻找不同方法来减少碳排放的旅程。此处是短
语 way to do something 意为：做事的方法。不定式作定语。故填 to reduce。
6. [2021· 吉 林 省 吉 林 市 高 三 第 一 次 调 研 考 试 ]Another Weibo user wrote, “Thank you for giving me an
opportunity (appreciate) the landscape in the countryside.”
【答案】 to appreciate
【解析】考查不定式。谢谢你给我一个欣赏乡村风景的机会。句中涉及固定短语“an opportunity to do sth.”，
意为“一个做某事的机会” ，此处是不定式短语作定语。故填 to appreciate。
3. [2023· 吉林省长春市普通高中高三质量检测]Several years ago, Wang left Shandong (live) with his
children in Mengshan county.
【答案】 to live
【解析】考查不定式。几年前，王离开山东，和他的孩子们一起住在蒙山县。此处用不定式作目的状语。
故填 to live。
7. （2023 ·湖南省雅礼十六校第一次联考）Two things I did may have caused people (think) that
something is wrong with me.
【答案】 to think
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我做的两件事可能让人们认为我有问题。固定搭配 cause sb to do sth.“让
某人做某事” 。故填 to think。
8.（2023·河北省石家庄市全过程测试） No schools are allowed (decline) their appeal for schooling.
【答案】 to decline
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：任何学校都不得拒绝他们的入学申请。分析可知， 此处是固定搭配 allow…to do sth.“ 允许 …… 做某事” 的被动形式 be allowed to do sth.“被允许做某事” ，不定式作主语补足语。故填 to
decline。
9.（2023·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学模拟） After the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Palace Museum was established
in 1925, allowing tourists at home and abroad (visit) the architecture and appreciate the artistic treasures.
【答案】 to visit
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：清朝结束后，故宫博物院于 1925 年建立，允许国内外游客参观建筑和欣 赏艺术珍品。根据句中谓语“was established”可知，此处应为非谓语动词；固定短语 allow sb to do sth 意为：
允许某人做某事，符合句意，故应用动词不定式 to visit。故填 to visit。
10.（2023·河南省安阳市 TOP 二十名校摸底） The ox was originally first, but he was so kind that he agreed
(carry) the little rat across the river.
【答案】 to carry
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：牛本来是第一个过河的，但是他很善良，所以同意带着小老鼠过河。结
合句意表示“ 同意做某事”可知短语为 agree to do sth.。故填 to carry。
11.（2023·江苏省南通市海门实验学校学情调研二）While much attention is paid to the outside of a bag-its design, brand and, unavoidably, its price tag, most people tends (ignore) the rich and complex internal life
hidden in it.
【答案】 to ignore
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据短语 tend to do sth.表示“倾向于，往往会” 。故填 to ignore。
12..（2023·湖南省部分校教育联盟摸底）In the main cultural venue of Jiaxing city’s Xiuzhou District, Zhejiang Province, a few elderly women are using their imagination and some bright colors (paint) the wonderful
scenes of life in Jiangnan, or “south of the Yangtze River” .
【答案】 to paint
【解析】考查不定式。句意：在浙江省嘉兴市秀州区的文化主会场上，几位老年妇女正在用她们的想象力
和一些鲜艳的色彩描绘江南生活的美好景象。根据语境可知，空格处用不定式表目的，故填 to paint。
13.（2023·江苏省扬州市宝应县检测）With space for just 40 people at a time, visitors line up (enter)
the library, which only opens on weekends.
【答案】 to enter
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意： 由于一次只能容纳 40 人，游客排队进入图书馆，图书馆只在周末开放。
结合句意，游客排队的目的是进入图书馆，表目的应用不定式。故填 to enter。
14.(2023·云南省曲靖市一中高质量监测（五）) (address) the problems, Yan improved Dai’s pape
rmaking technology, thus saving production time and reducing labor costs.
【答案】To address
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解决这个问题，严改进了傣族的造纸技术，从而节省了生产时间， 降低了劳动力成本。句中用不定式作目的状语，表示“ 为了 ……”。句首单词首字母要大写。故填 To
address。
15.（2023·江苏省镇江市调研）The “Asian Games International Class” was specially set up for foreign friends living in Zhejiang (welcome) the 19th Asian Games, which will introduce the cultural and tourism
resources of Zhejiang.
【答案】 to welcome
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：为迎接第 19 届亚运会，专门为旅在浙江的外国朋友开设“亚运国际班”， 介绍浙江的文化旅游资源。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式 to do“为了 ……” ，作目的状语，满足句意要
求。故填 to welcome。
16.（2023·山东省齐鲁名校大联盟联考） She’s leading a group of students and parents to a garden
(collect) data.
【答案】 to collect
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她带领一群学生和家长到一个花园收集数据。非谓语动词担当目的状语，
用动词的不定式形式。故填 to collect。
17.（2023·广东省惠州实验中学5 月试题）This community, called Hua Yan Hui, was founded in 2011 following a Hanfu revival ( 复 兴 ) movement that emerged from growing cultural confidence and the desire
(express) national identity. Since then, he has been volunteering to support the group.
【答案】 to express
【解析】考查不定式。句意：这个名为“华严会” 的社团成立于 2011 年，随着汉服复兴运动的兴起，这场运 动源于日益增长的文化自信和表达民族认同的愿望。the desire to do“做…… 的欲望” ，不定式作定语修饰
desire，故填 to express。
18.（2023·江苏省镇江实验高中检测）The history of Chinese characters dates back to ancient times, with a history of at least several thousand years. It is agreed that hanzi began as simple pictures, images that the ancient
Chinese people drew, painted, and carved (describe) nature and their lives.
【答案】 to describe
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们一致认为，汉字最初是作为简单的图画，是古代中国人民绘制、绘 画和雕刻来描述自然和他们的生活的图像。句子谓语动词为 began，所以动词 describe 要以非谓语的形式出 现。根据句意可知， 此处表达“ 用来描述自然和他们的生活的图像” ，所以用不定式表目的。故填 to
describe。
19.（2023·江苏省常州市教育学会学业水平监测）However, more significantly, Mbappé has scored nine goals in World Cups, becoming the first player (reach) that mark before his 24th birthday. Mbappé passed two footballing legends with his double. Both Diego Maradona and Cristiano Ronaldo have eight World Cup goals to
their names.
【答案】 to reach
【解析】考查不定式。句意：然而，更重要的是，Mbappé 在世界杯上打进了 9 球，成为第一个在 24 岁生 日之前达到这一目标的球员。设空处修饰名词 player 作定语， 名词前面有 the first 修饰， 一般用不定式作后
置定语，故填 to reach。
20.（2023·哈尔滨师范大学附属中学第三次模拟） JongMay Urbonya is an American lady full of surprises: she
is fluent in Mandarin; she is so enthusiastic about Hanfu as (wear) that every day.
【答案】 to wear
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：JongMay Urbonya 是一位充满惊喜的美国女士：她说一口流利的普通话; 她非常喜欢汉服，每天都穿。分析句子结构可知，此处为“so...as to do sth.”结构， 意为“ 如此 …… 以致
于 ……”，所以使用不定式形式，且表主动意义。故填 to wear。
21.(2023·江苏省徐州市高三 5 月模拟) In recent years, however, Wuxi has carried out a series of reforms and
innovation (promote) the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage projects.
【答案】 to promote
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但近年来，无锡市在推进非物质文化遗产项目传承方面进行了一系列改
革创新。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做状语表示目的，使用动词不定式，故填 to promote。
22.(2023·广东省深圳市二调) So people in Nuanquan made use of scrap iron and developed Da Shuhua as a
way (celebrate) festivals.
【答案】to celebrate
【解析】考查非谓语的不定式。句意：因此，暖泉人利用废铁，发展了打树花作为庆祝节日的一种方式。
固定结构为 a way to do sth.。故填 to celebrate。
23.(2023·河北省衡水中学高三下学期五调） (preserve) the ancient tea trees, Yunnan Province has passed a protection regulation recently,clarifying that wild and cultivated tea plants aged over 100 years should be
better protected in the province.
【答案】To preserve
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护古茶树，云南省最近通过了一项保护条例，明确了要更好地保 护该省 100 年以上的野生和栽培茶树。本句有谓语 has passed ，故使用非谓语动词形式， 分析句意， 表示“为
了保护” ，故用不定式作目的状语。句首单词的首字母应大写。故填 To preserve。
24.（2023·江苏省南通徐州市等 5 地高三三模） This made tea easier (transport) and more plea sig to
the tongue.
【答案】 to transport
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这使茶叶更容易运输且偿起来很好。make sth.+形容词+to do 固定用法，
意为“使得做某事是 ……”，故填 to transport。
25.（2023·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学模拟） After the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Palace Museum was established
in 1925, allowing tourists at home and abroad (visit) the architecture and appreciate the artistic treasures.
【答案】to visit
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：清朝结束后，故宫博物院于 1925 年建立，允许国内外游客参观建筑和欣 赏艺术珍品。根据句中谓语“was established”可知，此处应为非谓语动词；固定短语 allow sb to do sth 意为：
允许某人做某事，符合句意，故应用动词不定式 to visit。故填 to visit。
26.（2023·湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学4 月押题） “We don’t have relevant experience (refer) to, so we have to build the zone by doing our research and exploration,” Liu Ye, a professor at Tsinghua University,
said to Xinhua.
【答案】 to refer
【解析】考查不定式。句意：清华大学教授刘烨对新华社表示：“我们没有相关经验可供参考，所以我们必 须通过研究和探索来建设这个区域”。根据句意和所给动词 refer 以及句中的动词 have 分析句子可知，空格
处应该填入不定式形式作定语（have something to do）。故填 to refer。
26.（2023·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业班联合模拟） This community, called Hua Yan Hui, was founded in 2011 following a Hanfu revival(复兴) movement that emerged from growing cultural confidence and the desire
(express) national identity.
【答案】to express
【解析】考查不定式。句意同上。the desire to do“做…… 的欲望” ，故用不定式作定语修饰 desire，故填 to
express。
27.（2023·广东省名校联盟高三 3 月大联考） This led to a number of people making bungee jumps for TV
shows or as a way (show) off their skills, often off extremely famous structures such as the Eiffel Tower.
【答案】to show
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：这导致许多人在电视节目中蹦极，或者作为一种炫耀技能的方式，通常 是从埃菲尔铁塔等非常著名的建筑物上蹦极。分析句子可知，此空填动词不定式，to show 作 way 的后置定
语。故填 to show。
28.（2023·湖北 · 华中师大一附中校考模拟预测）Officials organized the ceremonies (celebrate) the day
and people visited each other with delicious food.
【答案】to celebrate
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：官员们组织仪式来庆祝这一天，人们用美味的食物互相拜访。所填词作
目的状语，用动词不定式。故填 to celebrate。
29.（2023·江苏省淮安市两校（楚州中学、新马中学） 联考） In 1946, he left his hometown (study)
at Beifang University, where he began publishing poems and novels.
【答案】 to study
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1946 年，他离开家乡到北方大学学习，在那里他开始出版诗歌和小说。
结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to study。
30. (2023·湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学模拟) (welcome) Lichun, ancient emperors and officials
dressed up and held grand ceremonies on this day to worship the God of the Spring.
【答案】To welcome
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了迎接立春，古代的皇帝和官员会在这一天盛装打扮，举行盛大的仪
式，祭拜春神。根据句意，“(welcome) Lichun”作目的状语，welcome 是非谓语动词，应用不定式 to welcome
表示目的；句首单词首字母大写。故填 To welcome。
31.（2023·湖北省模拟）Today in Weifang, there are virtually no limitations on the shapes or sizes of kites, which
can be made (represent) people’s ideals and desires.
【答案】to represent
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如今在潍坊，风筝的形状和大小几乎没有限制，可以用来代表人们的理
想和原文。分析句子可知，空格处为句子目的状语，应使用动词不定式，故填 to represent。
32.（2023·江苏省扬州中学测试）Gaining inspiration from jade for a second time honors the Chinese capital’s
unique position as the first city （host) the Summer and Winter Olympics.
【答案】 to host
【解析】考查不定式。句意：第二次从翡翠中汲取灵感，彰显了中国首都作为第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运
会的城市的独特地位。序数词后动词不定式做后置定语，修饰 city，故填 to host。
33.（江苏省决胜新高考 2023 年高三 4 月大联考试题）Xidi and Hongcun are, without doubt, ideal sites for a
contemporary society (research) traditional village culture.
【答案】 to research
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：西递和宏村无疑是当代社会研究传统村落文化的理想场所。根据句意可
知，此处表达“来进行研究” ，所以用不定式。故填 to research。
2.(2023 届广 东 省梅州 市 高三 下 学期 二模英语试题)Although Wan has to stay up late (work)
sometimes, she thinks it’s all worthwhile when she sees her grandpa smile more and more.
【答案】 to work
【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：虽然有时要熬夜工作，但当她看到爷爷笑得越来越开心时，她觉
得这一切都是值得的。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to work。
34.(2023 年福建龙岩第一中学校考三模) This expresses the desire of the Arab people ( seek)
knowledge from China.
【答案】 to seek
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这表达了阿拉伯人民向中国学习的愿望。the desire to do sth. 固定搭配，
意为“做某事的愿望” ，故填 to seek。
35..（2023 届四川省成都石室中学高三二诊模拟考试）“You could tell Tim was very relaxed (have)
someone he could talk to, and she was such an angel.”
【答案】 to have
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：“你可以看出 Tim 很放松有一个可以和他交谈的人，她真是个天使。分析 句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，be relaxed to do sth.意“做某事感到放松” ，所以此处使用不定
式形式。故填 to have。
36.（2023 届陕西省榆林市高三二模试题）The Philadelphia Orchestra, as the first American
orchestra (visit) China, bridged the two nations in the field of culture.
【答案】 to visit
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：费城交响乐团作为首支造访中国的美国乐团，为两国文化交流搭建了桥
梁。 “the first+名词+to do sth.”意为“第一个做…… 的 ……”，所以空处应用不定式。故填 to visit。
真题演练
(
2023
年
)
1.【2023 年全国乙卷】 She went right into the shower to washing it, but it was no use.
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：她直接走进淋浴间去洗， 但是没有用。此处不定式表目的， 应用动词原形。故 washing
改为 wash。
2.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】To eat one, you have to decide whether 37 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot
soup explode on your tongue.
【37 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放 进嘴里， 让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事 ”，用不定式作宾语， 空处与后面 to put 并列作
宾语，故填 to bite。
【38 题详解】
考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，
让热汤在舌头上爆炸。 whether...or... “是……还是…… ”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填 or。
3.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41
(lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents.
【41 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会
撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配 allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事 ”可知， 空格需用动词不定式作宾语 补足语， 补足语 lift out 与宾语 them（指代小笼包） 是逻辑上的动宾关系， 空格需填动词不定式的被动式 to
be lifted。故填 to be lifted。
【42 题详解】
考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕
裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词 contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词 their。故填 their。
4.【2023 年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 41 (teach) a lesson or to pass
on wisdom
【41 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来， 人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知， 此处表达“来
传授知识和智慧 ”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填 to teach。
5. 【2023 年北京卷】She called for action 19 (address)the struggles of people around the world
20 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running
through a global campaign called“Run Blue” .
【19 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏 ”的人们的斗争。分析句
子结构可知 address 在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填 to address。
【20 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏 ”的人们的斗争。分析句
子结构可知 face 与逻辑主语 people 构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填 facing。
(
2022
年
)
1. 【 2022 新高考 I 卷 】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority
(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
答案： to increase
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊 猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，
应用动词的不定式的形式。故填 to increase。
2.【2022 全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step
(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
答案： to journey
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步 40 天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行 的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey 为动词，表示“旅行” ，step 前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后
置定语。故填 to journey。
6.【2022 全国乙卷】 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the
world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
答案： to strengthen; inviting
解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空：句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共 宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的 29 名茶叶专业人士进行 36 小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表 达“为了加强与年轻人的联系” ，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填 To strengthen。第二空：句意：为了加强与 年轻人的联系， 活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动， 邀请了来自世界各地的 29 名茶叶专业人士 进行 36 小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词， 逻辑主语 the event 与 invite 之间为主动关系， 所以用现在
分词作状语。故填 inviting。
7. 【 2022 年 浙 江 卷 1 月 】 That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans
（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
答案： to continue
解析：考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词 plan 后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划
做” ，故填 to continue。
8.【2022 年新高考 2 卷】Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto
the balcony, and climbed up 39 (see) them.
答案： to see
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把 椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的 climb up 为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他
要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用 to do 不定式作目的状语。故填 to see。
9.【2022 年北京卷】As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an
intention 12 (harm) her, Helen started to run.
考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语
动词的形式， have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事 ”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填 to
harm。
10.【2022 年天津卷第二次】 his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James
Naismith created basketball.
A. To be kept B. Kept C. To keep D. Keeping
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动， James Naismith 创造了 篮球。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处意为“为了 ”表示目的，所以
该处为不定式作目的状语,且 keep 与逻辑主语 James Naismith 之间为主动关系。故选 C 项。
(
2021
年
)
1.【2021 全国甲卷】 It is possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
【答案】 to walk
【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句是典型的 It is adj. + to do 的形式，故填 to walk 。
2.【2021 全国乙卷】
Activitithere range from whale watching to hiking （远足 ） and accommodations aim 10 (have) a low
impact on the natural environment.
【答案】 to have
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析题目，句子中已经有一个谓语动词，判断此处填非谓语动词。aim to do sth， 意为 " 目的在于做某事" ，因此应填不定式形式。句意： …… 并且食宿是为了对自然环境有小的影响。故填
to have。
3. 【 2021.6 浙江卷 】Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 8 (plant) flowers in the front
yard.
【答案】 to plant
【解析】考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：玛丽的妹妹经常来拜访，在前院里种些花。
4 ．【2021 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I decided to do something 58 (educate) people about this problem.
【58 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构， 3 (educate) people
about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填 to educate。
5.【2021 年北京卷】Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need
20 (invest) in disaster prevention.
【20 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明，急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知，此处表示未来的动作，应
用不定式，作后置定语。故填 to invest。
(
2020
年
)
1.【2020 年新课标Ⅰ】 Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66. (find) and study
areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. "
66. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处
表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填 to find。
2.【2020 年新课标Ⅰ】 I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom
told me how to preparing it.
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词 fry 与 tomatoes 之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过
去分词作定语，故将 frying 改为 fried。
3.考查情态动词用法。句意：并且我认为它一定很简单。 must 是情态动词， 后接动词原形， to 多余， 故将 to
去掉。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知， “how+不定式”作 told 的宾语， to
是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将 preparing 改为 prepare。
3.【2020 年新课标Ⅱ】They are easy 68. (care) for and make great presents.
68. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故
填 to care。
4.【2020 年新课标Ⅲ】 The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67. (find) the well-known painter.
67. 考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“ 出发
去做某事”短语为 set out to do sth. ，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填 to find。
5.【2020 年新课标Ⅲ】 I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill.
第八处：考查固定句型。句意：我告诉我妈妈，如果我们被迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。be forced to do sth.
被迫做某事，所以 forced 后面加 to。
6.【2020 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷(海南卷)】These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own
websites or for second and third graders 36 （begin）computer classes.
【36 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，10 到 12 岁的孩子发布自己的网站，二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课， 这些都很常见。本题考查“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”结构，该结构 it 作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。
故填 to begin。
7.【2020 年北京卷】 It takes them hundreds of years 5 (break) down.
【5 题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型 It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth. （花某
人/物多长时间干某事），此处用动词不定式（to do ）作真正主语， It 形式主语。故填 to break。
8.【2020 年浙江卷 7 月】 Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology
60 (change)lives.
【60 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子， 简单句中已有动词 gave
故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填 to change。
9. 【2020 年天津卷第一次】The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection
economic growth.
A. to be promoted B. being promoted C. promoting D. to promote
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并 翻译语境可知， 句中存在谓语 doesn't have to sacrifice，空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系， 因此使用
动词不定式形式。故选 D 项。
(
2019
)
1.【2019 年全国卷 Ⅰ】Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since
the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. ...
63. of/for【解析】考查介词用法。此处 tracking polar bear populations 作 Modern methods 的定语， 用 of 连接，
“methods of doing sth.”,意为“ … 的方法” ，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法” 用 for。故填
of/for。
64. to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北 极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处
用 to perform。
2.【2019 年全国卷 III】 On our way to the house ，it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering
how long it would take 62 (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
61.so【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才
能到达那里。 “so…that…”意为“如此 … 以至于 …”，引导结果状语从句。故填 so。
62.to get【解析】考查不定式。句中的 would 提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering 后的句子不缺
谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填 to get。
3.【2019 年全国卷 III】I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe.
第一处： 【解析】考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语， to 后用动词原形。故把 opens 改为 open。
4.【2019 年浙江卷 6 月】 But some students didn't want 63 (wear) the uniform.
63. to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth 想要做某事，
这是 want 的固定用法。故填 to wear。
5.【2018 年浙江卷 11 月】 One study showed that 64 (woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely 65 (have) children with birth
defects.
64 ．考查名词。此处表示泛指喝大量咖啡的妇女，指某一类人用名词复数。故填 women。
65 ．考查动词不定式。此处指每天喝大量咖啡的妇女，怀孕时孩子很可能会先天畸形。表示“可能做某事”
是 be likely to do sth.，用动词不定式，故填 to have。
6.【2019 年江苏卷】 the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart
phones.
A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy
30.A【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市
民开始使用智能手机。故选 A。