长沙市德成学校2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷
时量：120 分钟 总分：150 分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
l. What will the woman do this Sunday
A.Go boating. B.Go shopping. C.Go swimming.
2. What is the woman doing
A.Giving directions. B.Working in a bank. C.Asking the way.
3.What does the man say about his new job
A. It is challenging.
B. It is offered by Samsung.
C. It is the same as his former job. 4.When did the last train leave
A.At 7:00 pm. B.At 8:00 pm. C.At 9:00 pm.
5. What did the man do
A. He said sorry to Jenny.
B. He broke Jenny’s pencil box.
C. He threw Jenny’s books everywhere.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独自读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What does the woman want for herself
A.Carrot juice. B.Apple juice. C.Orange juice.
7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Host and guest.
B. Husband and wife.
C Waiter and customer.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8.What has the man lost
A.A passport. B.A dress. C.A suit
9.What will the woman do next
A. Pay for her clothes.
B. Make a phone call.
C. Turn in a passport.
10. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a hotel B. At an airport. C. In a department store.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
1l. Why does the woman call the man
A.To ask him to go to hospital.
B. To invite him to a meal.
C. To remind him to have a rest.
12. What’s the matter with the man
A.He has a headache.
B. He failed his Chinese test.
C. He forgot to take medicine.
13. Who will the man write to
A.The woman. B.His parents. C.His Chinese friends.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. What is an advantage of owning a small business
A.Lower cost. B.More customers. C.Easier to succeed.
15.Where did the man get the money to start his restaurant
A. From a bank.
B. From a private organization.
C. From his own savings.
16. What does the woman want to open
A. A grocery store.
B.A lawyer’s office.
C. An ice cream shop.
17. How does the man feel about having a small business
A.Risky. B.Rewarding. C.Busy.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18 When was the Notting Hill Carnival first.held
A.In 1694. B.In 1946. C.In 1964.
19. How many people attended the first Notting Hill Carnival .
A. Less than 1,000. B.More than 1,000. C.Around 1,000,000.
20. What do people do in the Notting Hill Carnival
A They wear black masks.
B. They whiten their faces.
C. They advertise white costumes.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
World Heritage sites in China
Now, China has 56 sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list. Let’s take a look at some of them.
Ancient City of Ping Yao
Built more than 2,700 years ago, the Ancient City of Ping Yao is the best preserved ancient Han Chinese city. It gives insight into the ancient prosperous business pioneers, who established the first banks in China during Ming and Qing dynasties (14th-20th centuries).
The city was listed as a World Natural Heritage Site by UNESCO on December 3, 1997.
Classical Gardens of Suzhou
Suzhou, a city in East China’s Jiangsu province, is famous for its classical gardens. Built between the Northern Song Dynasty and the late Qing Dynasty (11-19th century), the classical gardens of Suzhou feature miniature rocks, hills and elegant pavilions set amidst murmuring waters. The classical gardens of Suzhou were added onto the list on December 4, 1997.
Ancient Villages in southern Anhui—Xidi and Hongcun
Located in southern Anhui, Xidi and Hongcun belong to the category of architectural complexes, with a high historical and artistic value.
The villages represent the architectural features of the Huizhou-style residential houses in the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties.
Xidi and Hongcun were added onto the list on November 30, 2000.
Fujian Tulou
Located in East China’s Fujian province, the 46 multi-storey earthen houses were built on a base of stone for defense purposes. The architectural arts of the Fujian Tulou can be traced back nearly 1,000 years, and their design incorporates the tradition of feng shui. Tulou was added onto the list on July 6, 2008.
For more information about the world heritage sites in China, please click the link below.
1. Which of the following sites was first listed as a World Heritage Site
A. Ancient City of Ping Yao. B. Classical Gardens of Suzhou.
C. Xidi and Hongcun. D. Fujian Tulou.
2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Fujian Tulou was built with the intention of defending.
B. Ancient City of Ping Yao was the best preserved Chinese city.
C. Classical Gardens of Suzhou were built for the ancient emperors.
D Xidi and Hongcun represent the architectural features of northern Anhui.
3. Where can the text most probably be taken from
A. A textbook. B. A website.
C. A magazine. D. A travel booklet.
B
A woman with cerebral palsy (脑瘫) finished the most difficult climb of her life in the Rocky Mountains with the help of a nonprofit organization called No Barriers.
Melissa Simpson, 31, has faced physical challenges in her entire life as she was born with cerebral palsy, weighing less than 2 pounds. She spent her first two months of life on a breathing machine and has always used a wheelchair. Her disability made her an easy target. “People would laugh and make fun of me,” she explained.
From her window, she could see some of the tallest peaks (山峰) in Colorado. Climbing them was her dream, but it was always just out of reach —until recently, thanks to the help from No Barriers.
The organization, which empowers people with physical and mental difficulties to achieve their goals, recently organized a hike in the Rocky Mountains for about 400 people of all abilities. Simpson used a specially designed chair with hand levers (手杆) to power the wheels forward alongside a volunteer team pulling her with ropes. “I don’t let my disabilities stop me. Sometimes I might be like, ‘Oh man, I can’t get through this.’ But I’ve got to change that attitude,” Simpson said.
Simpson’s journey to reaching the peaks outside her window began when she disobeyed a teacher who once told her she “wouldn’t get anywhere in this world” by graduating college with an associate’s degree in 2017. Reaching the peak with No Barriers was an emotional moment for Simpson, who broke down in tears as volunteers carried her to a perch on a rock.
“I don’t think of my disability, and I don’t particularly mind whether to be defined as a disabled person. I can do things, but I do them differently,” Simpson said.
4. What can we learn about Simpson
A. She has an inborn disability.
B. People around her treated her well.
C. Climbing was not difficult at all for her.
D. The way she climbed the mountain was nothing special.
5. What does the underlined word “empowers” mean in paragraph 4
A. Orders. B. Begs. C. Forbids. D. Enables.
6. According to the passage, Simpson is disabled but ________.
A. helpful B. strong-willed C. caring D. generous
7. What can be inferred from this text
A. Every coin has two sides
B. It’s never too late to learn
C. Actions speak louder than words
D. Nothing is impossible for a willing heart
C
In July 2021, astronauts on board the International Space Station (ISS) planted pepper seeds as part of an experiment to test which plants could be successfully grown in space. The peppers were harvested four months later, and the team celebrated with a party and taste test.
For astronauts living mostly off prepackaged foods for months at a time on the ISS, fresh and flavourful produce is welcomed. With long missions to the Moon and Mars in focus, NASA is working to find sustainable ways for astronauts to enjoy fresh foods, which will add key nutrients to their diets and improve their state of mind.
Astronauts have grown radishes, zinnias and a variety of lettuces on board the ISS before, but this is the first time they grew peppers, which posed a new challenge, reports Elizabeth Howell for .
Biologists at the Kennedy Space Centre spent two years picking the perfect pepper. They wanted to try peppers because they’re a great source of vitamins and nutrients, and they can be eaten raw or cooked. Plus, peppers are fairly low maintenance to grow.
In June, a carrier delivered supplies to the ISS along with a package of 48 pepper seeds. Astronauts on board planted the seeds in a microwave oven-sized growing container. The conditions in it—such as lighting, watering and air circulation—were controlled by a crew based at the Kennedy Space Centre. On board, the astronauts collected data and offered feedback on the flavour of the peppers.
“This is important because the food astronauts eat needs to be as good as the rest of their equipment,” LaShelle Spencer, a plant scientist at NASA, said over the summer. “To successfully send people to Mars and bring them back to Earth, we will not only require the most nutritious foods, but the best tasting ones as well.”
8. Why did astronauts attempt to plant pepper in space
A. There were no enough food for astronauts.
B. Only pepper can grow in space.
C. Pepper can grow better than other plants.
D. Humans wanted to test which plants can grow in space.
9. What special benefits does pepper have relative to other plants
A. It needn’t too much later care. B. Its nutrients are the highest.
C. The vitamins in it are the most. D. It improves their state of mind most.
10. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 5
A. Package. B. Container. C. Seed D. Microwave.
11. What can we infer from the text
A. The idea that pepper is grown in space is silly.
B. Astronaut need special nutrition to keep the best state of mind.
C. Pepper can’t be eaten cooked in space but it can be eaten raw.
D. It is the carrier that is in charge of sending feedback on the peppers.
D
A burger shop called the No Brand Burger in the South Korean capital is a bit different from typical fast-food restaurants: Its key staff are robots. From order to pick-up, customers don’t need a single face-to-face interaction. All they need to do is to click the menu they want on a kiosk (售货亭) touchscreen, pay and wait for a serving robot to bring their takeout bag to the pick-up spot.
While waiting for their food, customers take photos or stare with curiosity at the capsule-shaped robots, which remind people of the popular characters from the animated film “Despicable Me.” The yellow and black colors of the No Brand Burger restaurant also give the place the look of a toy shop. “This is the first time I’ve actually seen such robots, so they are really amazing and fun,” said Shin Hyun Soo, a 31-year-old office worker trying out the service.
The human staff do have a role to play, the restaurant’s manager Bae explained, adding toppings to the cooked ingredients before wrapping them and passing them over to a robot to serve. “The customer can take the food without any direct contact with the staff,” Bae said.
Before Monday, South Korea had for the last few weeks allowed restaurants to provide only deliveries and takeout meals after 9 p.m. In August, takeout orders accounted for 58% of No Brand Burger’s total sales, up by 16% from July, according to Shinsegae Food, the South Korean food company that operates No Brand Burger.
No Brand Burger isn’t the only local restaurant using robots to serve customers. South Korea’s major IT company KT has partnered with the family restaurant chain Mad for Garlic to provide Al serving robots.
Using 3-D space mapping and other technology, the robot can freely move through the narrow lanes between tables and avoid obstacles to reach its destination, said Lee Youngjin, team leader of AI Platform Business Team at KT. The robot can serve up to four tables per trip. “Children customers often like to see the robot. Also, customers in general feel it is fresher to receive their food through the robot because of the COVID-19,” said Lee Young-ho, the manager of one Mad for Garlic restaurant using the robots.
12. Why is the No Brand Burger restaurant so special
A. Because most staff are robots.
B. Because it employs no human staff.
C. Because its colors are yellow and white.
D. Because it is also a toy shop.
13. What is Shin Hyun Soo’s attitude towards the robots
A. Uninterested. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Neutral
14. What can we infer from the passage
A. Most restaurants use robots to serve customers now.
B. It is no use having human staff in the restaurant.
C. Most customers show no interest in serving robots.
D. Robots brings greater profits for No Brand Burger.
15. What is the passage mainly talking about
A. New technology helps change the world.
B. Serving robots bring a lot of advantages.
C. AI robots serve restaurants in South Korea.
D. Restaurants use robots to attract customers.
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anyone who has tried to concentrate on a difficult or boring piece of work will know how tough it can be, but the following science-backed tips can help.
Get rid of distractions (分心的事物)
How do we focus better if we are always bombarded(轰炸) with information ____16____
Researchers found that cognitive capacity(认知能力) was significantly better when the phone was out of sight, not just switched off. Keeping your primary focus is to complete what you need to do. During this time, request that you be left alone. Shutting off external disturbances can help you concentrate.
____17____
Scientific research is starting to collect evidence on the ability of brain training activities to strengthen concentration in adults. Such brain training games can also help you develop your working and short-term memory, as well as your processing and problem-solving skills.
Examples of such games include jigsaw puzzles, chess, and brain-stimulating video games.
Stop for a break
When you focus on something for a long time, your focus may begin to die down. ____18____. Researchers have found that our brains tend to ignore sources of constant stimulation( 刺 激). Taking very small breaks can dramatically improve mental concentration after that. Move around or talk to someone when you begin to feel stuck. ____19____
Get some workouts
____20____. They promote brain health too, which is important for memory capacity and concentration, according to John Ratey, associate clinical professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. So start your day with simple exercises and get your body moving.
A. Train your brain
B. Monitor your brain activities
C. Close social media and keep your phone hidden from sight in a bag
D. Routine exercise releases chemicals key for memory and concentration
E. You will come back with a more focused mind to keep your performance high
F. Exercises like running, swimming, and weight lifting aren’t just good for the body
G. You may feel it becomes more and more difficult to devote your attention to the task
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节完形填空(共 15 小题;每题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When he was a child, Lou Zhonghua wanted to be a firefighter. “I always felt that driving a fire truck to put out a fire was amazingly a thing to be ____21____ of,” said the 50-year-old from Yiwu, Zhejiang province.
When he was old enough, Lou ____22____ to join the fire department, but his application was ____23____ after he failed the physical examination. He went on to work as a driver for a transportation company, until 2003 when he was ____24____ as a forest firefighter in his village.
Lou patrolled the woods, ____25____ anything that might cause a fire. His devotion and hard work led to him
being appointed a leader of the forest firefighting team when it was established in 2005. He moved his family into the ____26____ in order to patrol more effectively and built a farm with rooms which were used to ____27____ fire equipment. He cleared roads through the forest to give better vehicular ____28____ and even bought a fire truck with his own money.
His wife Huang Wuzhen, learned how to fight fires as well and became the only ____29____ forest firefighter in Yiwu. “It’s a(n) _____30_____ job, but I choose to fight fires with him rather than stay at home _____31_____,” she said. Their 19-year-old son, Lou Jiajun, has also followed in his father’s footsteps and will become a professional firefighter after being accepted into the fire department earlier this year.
In Yiwu, wildfires are common, _____32_____ in winter when the weather is dry. Over the Spring Festival holiday of 2014, Lou and his family exhausted themselves putting out fires with a fire hose after traditional fire extinguishers (灭火器) had no effect at all. “It was very _____33_____ for us to carry fire extinguishers up the mountains,” the father said.
This experience convinced Lou Zhonghua that he needed his own fire truck, so he used his own money to buy a 400,000 yuan fire truck. “As long as we can _____34_____ our beautiful home-land well, it’s worth the _____35_____.” Lou said.
21.
A. proud B. ashamed C. afraid D. serious
22.
A. continued B. applied C. failed D. needed
23.
A. adopted B. appreciated C. advocated D. refused
24.
A. prohibited B. prepared C. employed D. fired
25.
A. contributing to B. switching off C. combining with D. searching for
26.
A. city B. woods C. department D. village
27.
A. produce B. track C. store D. detect
28.
A. access B. innovation C. repair D. application
29.
A. secure B. remarkable C. extraordinary D. female
30.
A. dangerous B. efficient C. pleasant D. boring
31.
A. warning B. weeping C. worrying D. hesitating
32.
A. especially B. potentially C. perhaps D. apparently
33.
A. available B. impossible C. automatic D. inconvenient
34.
A. choose B. protect C. affect D. destroy
35.
A. consequence B. acknowledgement C. effort D. memory
第二节(共 10 小题;每题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Genes can shape our lives. The complete set of genes inside a cell or any living being is called a genome,____36____not only carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop, but also____37____ (contain) information that determines our lifespan and our chances of contracting certain diseases.
Geneticists believe genome editing can effectively treat and prevent diseases. It allows geneticists____38____ (change) the genome by correcting, adding, deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material. Geneticists hope that the technology can____39____ (apply) to treat different health problems. And it possibly prevents diseases from ever developing by correcting ____40____ (normal) genes early on. As a new weapon in the fight against diseases, genome editing will lead to a fundamental change in our approach____41____health care.
However, with the rapid development of the technology, people become ____42____ (concern) about how to use it because it brings about some moral issues.____43____, we should take appropriate measures to prevent it from running wild.
Despite public debate on the technology, it has made great____44____ (contribute) to the whole medical community.
It is _____45_____ (undoubted) one of the greatest innovations in the history of science.
第四部分写作(满分 40 分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是你校学生会主席李华，下周五学校将在学校剧场举办“English Party”，请你给你校的外籍教师Mr. Johnson发一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。要点包括：
1.“English Party”的时间和地点；
2.晚会的节目有英文歌曲、短剧、舞蹈等；
3.邀请Mr. Johnson 参加并担任主持人。
注意：1.词数80左右，开头结尾已经给出，不计入词数；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：学校剧场 the school theatre 短剧 short plays 主持人 host
Dear Mr. Johnson,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the students’ union.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
If there was one thing that Ellen Rafferty hated more than driving, it was driving in the rain. This evening, on her way back from work, Ellen saw a little child standing by the side of the road in the pouring rain. So she hit the brakes sharply, and pulled over by the side of the road next to the child.
It was a little boy, maybe four or five, and he was shaking and hugging himself. As soon as he saw Ellen, his face. brightened. “Hello!” he said,“Are you my mommy ”
“No,”Ellen said in the icy rain. “I’m not! What are you doing here Where are your parents ”
“Oh,” the boy said disappointingly. “I don’t know where my mom is. She left me on the road when it was raining, and I think she must be looking for me.”
“What’s your name Where do you live ”
“I’m David. I live at the Doris Farmer Institute for Children.”
“The orphanage(孤儿院) ” asked Ellen. “But that is far!” Just then, there was a terrible flash of lightning and even more rain poured down as thunder rolled across the sky. “Come on,”Ellen said. “I’m taking you home. I’ll call the orphanage to come and fetch you.” Ellen took the boy home.
She didn’t quite know what to do with him, so she turned on a heater and wrapped him with a blanket. Then she called the orphanage and told them that she found one of their children, who named David, on the road. But the woman on the phone said it was too late and they couldn’t come to fetch him.
Sighing,Ellen hung up the phone and looked at the boy. At the same time, her cat Gandalf walked in and rubbed himself against Ellen’s legs. Ellen picked the cat up and kissed his head. “Come on, my baby,” she said softly, “Mommy’s gonna feed you...” When she looked up, she was shocked by the longing in David’s eyes,
注意
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“I wish I was your cat,”he said sadly.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, Ellen got into her car again and drove to the orphanage to ask about David.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________长沙市德成学校2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷
时量：120 分钟 总分：150 分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
l. What will the woman do this Sunday
A.Go boating. B.Go shopping. C.Go swimming.
2. What is the woman doing
A.Giving directions. B.Working in a bank. C.Asking the way.
3.What does the man say about his new job
A. It is challenging.
B. It is offered by Samsung.
C. It is the same as his former job. 4.When did the last train leave
A.At 7:00 pm. B.At 8:00 pm. C.At 9:00 pm.
5. What did the man do
A. He said sorry to Jenny.
B. He broke Jenny’s pencil box.
C. He threw Jenny’s books everywhere.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独自读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What does the woman want for herself
A.Carrot juice. B.Apple juice. C.Orange juice.
7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Host and guest.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Waiter and customer.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8.What has the man lost
A.A passport. B.A dress. C.A suit
9.What will the woman do next
A. Pay for her clothes.
B. Make a phone call.
C. Turn in a passport.
10. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a hotel B. At an airport. C. In a department store.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
1l. Why does the woman call the man
A.To ask him to go to hospital.
B. To invite him to a meal.
C. To remind him to have a rest.
12. What’s the matter with the man
A.He has a headache.
B. He failed his Chinese test.
C. He forgot to take medicine.
13. Who will the man write to
A.The woman. B.His parents. C.His Chinese friends.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. What is an advantage of owning a small business
A.Lower cost. B.More customers. C.Easier to succeed.
15.Where did the man get the money to start his restaurant
A. From a bank.
B. From a private organization.
C. From his own savings.
16. What does the woman want to open
A. A grocery store.
B.A lawyer’s office.
C. An ice cream shop.
17. How does the man feel about having a small business
A.Risky. B.Rewarding. C.Busy.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. When was the Notting Hill Carnival first.held
A.In 1694. B.In 1946. C.In 1964.
19. How many people attended the first Notting Hill Carnival .
A. Less than 1,000. B.More than 1,000. C.Around 1,000,000.
20. What do people do in the Notting Hill Carnival
A They wear black masks.
B. They whiten their faces.
C. They advertise white costumes.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
World Heritage sites in China
Now, China has 56 sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list. Let’s take a look at some of them.
Ancient City of Ping Yao
Built more than 2,700 years ago, the Ancient City of Ping Yao is the best preserved ancient Han Chinese city. It gives insight into the ancient prosperous business pioneers, who established the first banks in China during Ming and Qing dynasties (14th-20th centuries).
The city was listed as a World Natural Heritage Site by UNESCO on December 3, 1997.
Classical Gardens of Suzhou
Suzhou, a city in East China’s Jiangsu province, is famous for its classical gardens. Built between the Northern Song Dynasty and the late Qing Dynasty (11-19th century), the classical gardens of Suzhou feature miniature rocks, hills and elegant pavilions set amidst murmuring waters. The classical gardens of Suzhou were added onto the list on December 4, 1997.
Ancient Villages in southern Anhui—Xidi and Hongcun
Located in southern Anhui, Xidi and Hongcun belong to the category of architectural complexes, with a high historical and artistic value.
The villages represent the architectural features of the Huizhou-style residential houses in the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties.
Xidi and Hongcun were added onto the list on November 30, 2000.
Fujian Tulou
Located in East China’s Fujian province, the 46 multi-storey earthen houses were built on a base of stone for defense purposes. The architectural arts of the Fujian Tulou can be traced back nearly 1,000 years, and their design incorporates the tradition of feng shui. Tulou was added onto the list on July 6, 2008.
For more information about the world heritage sites in China, please click the link below.
1. Which of the following sites was first listed as a World Heritage Site
A. Ancient City of Ping Yao. B. Classical Gardens of Suzhou.
C. Xidi and Hongcun. D. Fujian Tulou.
2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Fujian Tulou was built with the intention of defending.
B. Ancient City of Ping Yao was the best preserved Chinese city.
C. Classical Gardens of Suzhou were built for the ancient emperors.
D. Xidi and Hongcun represent the architectural features of northern Anhui.
3. Where can the text most probably be taken from
A. A textbook. B. A website.
C. A magazine. D. A travel booklet.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍中国一些被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录的遗址。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Ancient City of Ping Yao中“The city was listed as a World Natural Heritage Site by UNESCO on December 3, 1997.(该市于1997年12月3日被联合国教科文组织列为世界自然遗产。)”以及结合后面的遗址列入世界遗产名录的时间来看，平遥古城是最早被列入的。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Fujian Tulou中“Located in East China’s Fujian province, the 46 multi-storey earthen houses were built on a base of stone for defense purposes.(位于中国东部的福建省，这46座多层土房建在石头底座上，用于防御。)”可知，福建土楼是为了防御而建造的。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“For more information about the world heritage sites in China, please click the link below.(有关中国世界遗产的更多信息，请点击下面的链接。)”可知，本篇文章应来自于网络。故选B项。
B
A woman with cerebral palsy (脑瘫) finished the most difficult climb of her life in the Rocky Mountains with the help of a nonprofit organization called No Barriers.
Melissa Simpson, 31, has faced physical challenges in her entire life as she was born with cerebral palsy, weighing less than 2 pounds. She spent her first two months of life on a breathing machine and has always used a wheelchair. Her disability made her an easy target. “People would laugh and make fun of me,” she explained.
From her window, she could see some of the tallest peaks (山峰) in Colorado. Climbing them was her dream, but it was always just out of reach —until recently, thanks to the help from No Barriers.
The organization, which empowers people with physical and mental difficulties to achieve their goals, recently organized a hike in the Rocky Mountains for about 400 people of all abilities. Simpson used a specially designed chair with hand levers (手杆) to power the wheels forward alongside a volunteer team pulling her with ropes. “I don’t let my disabilities stop me. Sometimes I might be like, ‘Oh man, I can’t get through this.’ But I’ve got to change that attitude,” Simpson said.
Simpson’s journey to reaching the peaks outside her window began when she disobeyed a teacher who once told her she “wouldn’t get anywhere in this world” by graduating college with an associate’s degree in 2017. Reaching the peak with No Barriers was an emotional moment for Simpson, who broke down in tears as volunteers carried her to a perch on a rock.
“I don’t think of my disability, and I don’t particularly mind whether to be defined as a disabled person. I can do things, but I do them differently,” Simpson said.
4. What can we learn about Simpson
A. She has an inborn disability.
B. People around her treated her well.
C. Climbing was not difficult at all for her.
D. The way she climbed the mountain was nothing special.
5. What does the underlined word “empowers” mean in paragraph 4
A. Orders. B. Begs. C. Forbids. D. Enables.
6. According to the passage, Simpson is disabled but ________.
A. helpful B. strong-willed C. caring D. generous
7. What can be inferred from this text
A. Every coin has two sides
B. It’s never too late to learn
C. Actions speak louder than words
D. Nothing is impossible for a willing heart
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公辛普森是一位患有脑瘫的妇女，在一个名为“无障碍”的非营利组织的帮助下完成了她一生中最困难的攀登。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Melissa Simpson, 31, has faced physical challenges in her entire life as she was born with cerebral palsy, weighing less than 2 pounds. She spent her first two months of life on a breathing machine and has always used a wheelchair.”（31岁的梅丽莎·辛普森出生时患有脑瘫，体重不到2磅，一生都面临着身体上的挑战。她出生后的前两个月都是靠呼吸机度过的，一直都要坐轮椅。）可知，关于辛普森，我们能知道她有天生的残疾。故选A项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Climbing them was her dream, but it was always just out of reach —until recently, thanks to the help from No Barriers.”（攀登这些山峰是她的梦想，但一直遥不可及——直到最近，多亏了“无障碍”组织的帮助。）以及划线单词句中的“…people with physical and mental difficulties to achieve their goals”（……身体和精神上有困难的人实现他们的目标）故可猜测，划线单词empowers为“使能够”的意思。结合选项D项Enables“使能够”意思一致。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Climbing them was her dream, but it was always just out of reach —until recently, thanks to the help from No Barriers.”（攀登这些山峰是她的梦想，但一直遥不可及——直到最近，多亏了“无障碍”组织的帮助。）以及第四段中““I don’t let my disabilities stop me. Sometimes I might be like, ‘Oh man, I can’t get through this. ‘But I’ve got to change that attitude,” Simpson said.”（“我不会让我的残疾阻碍我。有时候我可能会说，‘哦，天哪，我熬不过去了。’但我必须改变这种态度。”）可知，根据文章，辛普森有残疾，但意志坚强。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“A woman with cerebral palsy finished the most difficult climb of her life in the Rocky Mountains with the help of a nonprofit organization called No Barriers.”（一位患有脑瘫的妇女在一个名为“无障碍”的非营利组织的帮助下完成了她一生中最困难的攀登。）和最后一段““I don’t think of my disability, and I don’t particularly mind whether to be defined as a disabled person. I can do things, but I do them differently,” Simpson said.”（“我不认为我残疾了，我并不特别介意是否被定义为一个残疾人。我可以做一些事情，但我的方式不同，”辛普森说。）可知，辛普森有残疾，但意志坚强，决心实现目标，从这篇文章中可以推断出心之所愿，无事不成。故选D项。
C
In July 2021, astronauts on board the International Space Station (ISS) planted pepper seeds as part of an experiment to test which plants could be successfully grown in space. The peppers were harvested four months later, and the team celebrated with a party and taste test.
For astronauts living mostly off prepackaged foods for months at a time on the ISS, fresh and flavourful produce is welcomed. With long missions to the Moon and Mars in focus, NASA is working to find sustainable ways for astronauts to enjoy fresh foods, which will add key nutrients to their diets and improve their state of mind.
Astronauts have grown radishes, zinnias and a variety of lettuces on board the ISS before, but this is the first time they grew peppers, which posed a new challenge, reports Elizabeth Howell for .
Biologists at the Kennedy Space Centre spent two years picking the perfect pepper. They wanted to try peppers because they’re a great source of vitamins and nutrients, and they can be eaten raw or cooked. Plus, peppers are fairly low maintenance to grow.
In June, a carrier delivered supplies to the ISS along with a package of 48 pepper seeds. Astronauts on board planted the seeds in a microwave oven-sized growing container. The conditions in it—such as lighting, watering and air circulation—were controlled by a crew based at the Kennedy Space Centre. On board, the astronauts collected data and offered feedback on the flavour of the peppers.
“This is important because the food astronauts eat needs to be as good as the rest of their equipment,” LaShelle Spencer, a plant scientist at NASA, said over the summer. “To successfully send people to Mars and bring them back to Earth, we will not only require the most nutritious foods, but the best tasting ones as well.”
8. Why did astronauts attempt to plant pepper in space
A. There were no enough food for astronauts.
B. Only pepper can grow in space.
C. Pepper can grow better than other plants.
D. Humans wanted to test which plants can grow in space.
9. What special benefits does pepper have relative to other plants
A. It needn’t too much later care. B. Its nutrients are the highest.
C. The vitamins in it are the most. D. It improves their state of mind most.
10. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 5
A. Package. B. Container. C. Seed D. Microwave.
11. What can we infer from the text
A. The idea that pepper is grown in space is silly.
B. Astronaut need special nutrition to keep the best state of mind.
C. Pepper can’t be eaten cooked in space but it can be eaten raw.
D. It is the carrier that is in charge of sending feedback on the peppers.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要告诉读者宇航员在太空种植辣椒的原因和过程。
8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话“In July 2021,astronauts on hoard the International Space Station (ISS) planted pepper seeds as part of an experiment to test which plants could be successfully grown in space.( 2021年7月，国际空间站上的宇航员种植了辣椒种子，作为测试哪些植物可以在太空中成功种植的实验的一部分。)”可知，宇航员试图在太空种植辣椒是因为人类想测试哪些植物可以在太空中生长。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“They wanted to try peppers because they're a great source of vitamins and nutrients. and they can be eaten raw or cooked. Plus, peppers are fairly low maintenance (保养) to grow. (他们想尝试辣椒，因为辣椒富含维生素和营养。它们可以生吃或煮熟。此外，辣椒的生长维护成本相当低。)”，可知他们想尝试辣椒是因为辣椒富含维生素和营养，可以生吃或煮熟。辣椒的生长维护率相当低，也就是说后期不需要太多的照料。故选A项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。上文谈到“Astronauts on hoard planted the seeds in a microwave oven-sized growing container.(太空中的宇航员将种子种植在微波炉大小的容器中。) ”，下文谈到“such as lighting, watering and air circulation—were controlled by a crew based at the Kennedy Space Centre.(照明、浇水和空气循环等条件由肯尼迪航天中心的一名机组人员控制。)”从而推知应该是指上文提到的“容器”里面的条件，故it代指container“容器”。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“NASA is working to find sustainable ways for astronauts to enjoy fresh foods, which will add key nutrients to their diets and improve their state of mind. (美国宇航局正在努力为宇航员寻找可持续方式来享受新鲜食物，这将为他们的饮食增加关键的营养，并改善他们的精神状态。)”可知，宇航员需要特殊的营养来保持最佳的精神状态。故选B项。
D
A burger shop called the No Brand Burger in the South Korean capital is a bit different from typical fast-food restaurants: Its key staff are robots. From order to pick-up, customers don’t need a single face-to-face interaction. All they need to do is to click the menu they want on a kiosk (售货亭) touchscreen, pay and wait for a serving robot to bring their takeout bag to the pick-up spot.
While waiting for their food, customers take photos or stare with curiosity at the capsule-shaped robots, which remind people of the popular characters from the animated film “Despicable Me.” The yellow and black colors of the No Brand Burger restaurant also give the place the look of a toy shop. “This is the first time I’ve actually seen such robots, so they are really amazing and fun,” said Shin Hyun Soo, a 31-year-old office worker trying out the service.
The human staff do have a role to play, the restaurant’s manager Bae explained, adding toppings to the cooked ingredients before wrapping them and passing them over to a robot to serve. “The customer can take the food without any direct contact with the staff,” Bae said.
Before Monday, South Korea had for the last few weeks allowed restaurants to provide only deliveries and takeout meals after 9 p.m. In August, takeout orders accounted for 58% of No Brand Burger’s total sales, up by 16% from July, according to Shinsegae Food, the South Korean food company that operates No Brand Burger.
No Brand Burger isn’t the only local restaurant using robots to serve customers. South Korea’s major IT company KT has partnered with the family restaurant chain Mad for Garlic to provide Al serving robots.
Using 3-D space mapping and other technology, the robot can freely move through the narrow lanes between tables and avoid obstacles to reach its destination, said Lee Youngjin, team leader of AI Platform Business Team at KT. The robot can serve up to four tables per trip. “Children customers often like to see the robot. Also, customers in general feel it is fresher to receive their food through the robot because of the COVID-19,” said Lee Young-ho, the manager of one Mad for Garlic restaurant using the robots.
12. Why is the No Brand Burger restaurant so special
A. Because most staff are robots.
B. Because it employs no human staff.
C. Because its colors are yellow and white.
D. Because it is also a toy shop.
13. What is Shin Hyun Soo’s attitude towards the robots
A. Uninterested. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Neutral
14. What can we infer from the passage
A. Most restaurants use robots to serve customers now.
B. It is no use having human staff in the restaurant.
C. Most customers show no interest in serving robots.
D. Robots brings greater profits for No Brand Burger.
15. What is the passage mainly talking about
A. New technology helps change the world.
B. Serving robots bring a lot of advantages.
C. AI robots serve restaurants in South Korea.
D. Restaurants use robots to attract customers.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了韩国首都首尔一家名为No Brand burger的汉堡店用机器人作员工。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A burger shop called the No Brand Burger in the South Korean capital is a bit different from typical fast-food restaurants: Its key staff are robots.(在韩国首都首尔，一家名为No Brand burger的汉堡店与一般的快餐店有点不同：它的主要员工都是机器人。)”可知，无牌汉堡店如此特别是因为大多数员工都是机器人。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘This is the first time I’ve actually seen such robots, so they are really amazing and fun,’ said Shin Hyun Soo, a 31-year-old office worker trying out the service.(31岁的办公室职员Shin Hyun Soo正在试用这项服务，她说：“这是我第一次真正看到这样的机器人，它们真的很神奇，也很有趣。”)”可推知，申铉秀对机器人持积极态度。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“In August, takeout orders accounted for 58% of No Brand Burger’s total sales, up by 16% from July, according to Shinsegae Food, the South Korean food company that operates No Brand Burger.(据经营No Brand Burger的韩国食品公司新世界食品称，8月份，外卖订单占No Brand Burger总销售额的58%，较7月份增长了16%。)”可推知，机器人为No Brand Burger带来了更大的利润。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了韩国首都首尔一家名为No Brand burger的汉堡店用机器人作员工，机器人为No Brand Burger带来了更大的利润，由此可知，本文的主要内容是人工智能机器人在韩国的餐馆服务。故选C项。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anyone who has tried to concentrate on a difficult or boring piece of work will know how tough it can be, but the following science-backed tips can help.
Get rid of distractions (分心的事物)
How do we focus better if we are always bombarded(轰炸) with information ____16____
Researchers found that cognitive capacity(认知能力) was significantly better when the phone was out of sight, not just switched off. Keeping your primary focus is to complete what you need to do. During this time, request that you be left alone. Shutting off external disturbances can help you concentrate.
____17____
Scientific research is starting to collect evidence on the ability of brain training activities to strengthen concentration in adults. Such brain training games can also help you develop your working and short-term memory, as well as your processing and problem-solving skills.
Examples of such games include jigsaw puzzles, chess, and brain-stimulating video games.
Stop for a break
When you focus on something for a long time, your focus may begin to die down. ____18____. Researchers have found that our brains tend to ignore sources of constant stimulation( 刺 激). Taking very small breaks can dramatically improve mental concentration after that. Move around or talk to someone when you begin to feel stuck. ____19____
Get some workouts
____20____. They promote brain health too, which is important for memory capacity and concentration, according to John Ratey, associate clinical professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. So start your day with simple exercises and get your body moving.
A. Train your brain
B. Monitor your brain activities
C. Close social media and keep your phone hidden from sight in a bag
D. Routine exercise releases chemicals key for memory and concentration
E. You will come back with a more focused mind to keep your performance high
F. Exercises like running swimming, and weight lifting aren’t just good for the body
G. You may feel it becomes more and more difficult to devote your attention to the task
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍四种方法来帮助提高试图专注于困难或者无聊的工作时面临的问题。
【16题详解】
根据小标题“Get rid of distractions (分心的事物)”及下文“Researchers found that cognitive capacity(认知能力) was significantly better when the phone was out of sight, not just switched off.(研究人员发现，当手机看不见时，认知能力明显更好，而不仅仅是关机。)”，可知手机是导致人们注意力不集中的因素，空前“How do we focus better if we are always bombarded(轰炸) with information (当我们总是被信息轰炸时，我们如何更好地集中注意力？)”与C项“Close social media and keep your phone hidden from sight in a bag.(关闭社交媒体，将手机隐藏在包里。)”与上下文一致。故选C。
【17题详解】
空格处是小标题，根据下文“Scientific research is starting to collect evidence on the ability of brain training activities to strengthen concentration in adults.(科学研究开始收集有关大脑训练活动增强成人注意力的能力的证据。)”可知本段主要内容和训练大脑有关。与A项“Train your brain (训练你的大脑)”上下文一致。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据小标题“Stop for a break(停下来休息一下)”及上文“When you focus on something for a long time, your focus may begin to die down.(当你长时间专注于某件事时，你的注意力可能会开始消失。)”与G项“You may feel it becomes more and more difficult to devote your attention to the task(你可能会觉得把注意力放在任务上变得越来越困难)”上下文一致，都是在论述长时间专注于某件事时的反应。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Stop for a break(停下来休息一下)”及上文“Taking very small breaks can dramatically improve mental concentration after that. Move around or talk to someone when you begin to feel stuck. ( 在那之后，休息非常小的休息可以显著提高精神集中度。当您开始感到卡住时，四处走动或与某人交谈。)”，可知E项“You will come back with a more focused mind to keep your performance high(你会带着更专注的头脑回来，以保持你的高表现)”与上下文一致。先是小的休息，“Move around or talk to someone”，然后“come back with a more focused mind”符合题意。故项E。
【20题详解】
根据下文“So start your day with simple exercises and get your body moving.( 因此，从简单的锻炼开始新的一天，让您的身体运动起来)”，结合小标题“Get some workout(进行一些体育锻炼)”可知空格处应该与运动有关，选项F“Exercises like running, swimming, and weight lifting aren’t just good for the body(跑步、游泳和举重等运动不仅对身体有益)”符合要求。故选F。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节完形填空(共 15 小题;每题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When he was a child, Lou Zhonghua wanted to be a firefighter. “I always felt that driving a fire truck to put out a fire was amazingly a thing to be ____21____ of,” said the 50-year-old from Yiwu, Zhejiang province.
When he was old enough, Lou ____22____ to join the fire department, but his application was ____23____ after he failed the physical examination. He went on to work as a driver for a transportation company, until 2003 when he was ____24____ as a forest firefighter in his village.
Lou patrolled the woods, ____25____ anything that might cause a fire. His devotion and hard work led to him
being appointed a leader of the forest firefighting team when it was established in 2005. He moved his family into the ____26____ in order to patrol more effectively and built a farm with rooms which were used to ____27____ fire equipment. He cleared roads through the forest to give better vehicular ____28____ and even bought a fire truck with his own money.
His wife, Huang Wuzhen, learned how to fight fires as well and became the only ____29____ forest firefighter in Yiwu. “It’s a(n) _____30_____ job, but I choose to fight fires with him rather than stay at home _____31_____,” she said. Their 19-year-old son, Lou Jiajun, has also followed in his father’s footsteps and will become a professional firefighter after being accepted into the fire department earlier this year.
In Yiwu, wildfires are common, _____32_____ in winter when the weather is dry. Over the Spring Festival holiday of 2014, Lou and his family exhausted themselves putting out fires with a fire hose after traditional fire extinguishers (灭火器) had no effect at all. “It was very _____33_____ for us to carry fire extinguishers up the mountains,” the father said.
This experience convinced Lou Zhonghua that he needed his own fire truck, so he used his own money to buy a 400,000 yuan fire truck. “As long as we can _____34_____ our beautiful home-land well, it’s worth the _____35_____.” Lou said.
21.
A. proud B. ashamed C. afraid D. serious
22.
A. continued B. applied C. failed D. needed
23.
A. adopted B. appreciated C. advocated D. refused
24.
A. prohibited B. prepared C. employed D. fired
25.
A. contributing to B. switching off C. combining with D. searching for
26.
A. city B. woods C. department D. village
27.
A. produce B. track C. store D. detect
28.
A. access B. innovation C. repair D. application
29.
A. secure B. remarkable C. extraordinary D. female
30.
A. dangerous B. efficient C. pleasant D. boring
31.
A. warning B. weeping C. worrying D. hesitating
32.
A. especially B. potentially C. perhaps D. apparently
33.
A. available B. impossible C. automatic D. inconvenient
34.
A. choose B. protect C. affect D. destroy
35.
A. consequence B. acknowledgement C. effort D. memory
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了娄中华儿时梦想成为一名消防队员，直到2003年他成为了一名森林防火员，并与家人一同献身于森林防火工作的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位50岁的浙江义乌人说:“我一直觉得开着消防车去灭火是一件非常值得骄傲的事情。”A. proud骄傲的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. afraid害怕的；D. serious严重的。根据上文“wanted to be a firefighter”及“driving a fire truck to put out a fire”可知，此处表示“开着消防车去灭火是一件非常值得骄傲的事情”。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他足够大的时候，他申请加入消防部门，但他的申请被拒绝了，因为他没有通过身体检查。A. continued继续；B. applied申请；C. failed失败；D. needed需要。根据下文“his application”可知，他申请加入消防部门。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他足够大的时候，他申请加入消防部门，但他的申请被拒绝了，因为他没有通过身体检查。A. adopted采用；B. appreciated赏识，感激；C. advocated提倡；D. rejected拒绝。根据下文“he failed the physical examination”可知，他的申请被拒绝了。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他后来在一家运输公司当司机，直到2003年，他被聘为村里的森林消防员。A. prohibited禁止；B. prepared准备；C. employed雇佣；D. fired解雇。根据下文“as a forest firefighter in his village”可知，他被聘为村里的森林消防员。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Lou在树林里巡逻，寻找任何可能引起火灾的东西。A. contributing to有助于；B. switching off关掉；C. combining with与……结合；D. searching for搜索。根据上文“patrolled the woods”及下文“that might cause a fire”可知，他在树林里巡逻，寻找任何可能引起火灾的东西。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了更有效地巡逻，他把家搬到了树林里，还建了一个农场，里面有用来存放消防设备的房间。A. city城市；B. woods树林；C. department部门；D. village农村。根据下文“in order to patrol more effectively and built a farm with rooms”可知，他把家搬到了树林里。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了更有效地巡逻，他把家搬到了树林里，还建了一个农场，里面有用来存放消防设备的房间。A. produce生产；B. track跟踪；C. store贮存，储藏；D. detect检测。根据上文“built a farm with rooms”可知，此处表示“还建了一个农场，里面有用来存放消防设备的房间”。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他清理了穿过森林的道路，为车辆提供更好的通道，甚至用自己的钱买了一辆消防车。A. access道路、通道；B. innovation创新；C. repair修理；D. application应用。根据上文“He cleared roads through the forest”可知，他清理了穿过森林的道路，为车辆提供更好的通道。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的妻子黄武珍也学会了如何灭火，成为义乌唯一的女性森林消防员。A. secure安全的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. extraordinary异乎寻常的，令人惊奇的；D. female女性的。根据上文“His wife, Huang Wuzhen”可知，他的妻子是女性消防员。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说:“这是一项危险的工作，但我选择和他一起救火，而不是呆在家里担心。”A. dangerous危险的；B. efficient效率高的；C. pleasant愉快的；D. boring无聊的。根据上文“fight fires”可知，救火是一项危险的工作。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说:“这是一项危险的工作，但我选择和他一起救火，而不是呆在家里担心。”A. warning警告；B. weeping哭泣；C. worrying担心；D. hesitating犹豫。根据上文“It’s a(n)__10__job”可知，因为灭火很危险，所以她在家里会担心。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在义乌，野火很常见，尤其是在天气干燥的冬季。A. especially特别，尤其；B. potentially可能地，潜在地；C. perhaps可能；D. apparently显然。根据下文“in winter when the weather is dry”可知，野火很常见，尤其是在天气干燥的冬季。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位父亲说:“我们带着灭火器上山很不方便。”A. available可获得的；B. impossible不可能的；C. automatic自动的；D. inconvenient不方便的。根据下文“to carry fire extinguishers up the mountains”可知，带着灭火器上山很不方便。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要我们能保护好我们美丽的家园，所有的努力都是值得的。”他说。A. choose选择；B. protect保护；C. affect影响；D. destroy破坏。根据下文“our beautiful home-land well”可知，此处表示“保护好我们美丽的家园”。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“只要我们能保护好我们美丽的家园，所有的努力都是值得的。”他说。A. consequence结果；B. acknowledgement承认；C. effort努力；D. memory记忆。根据上文“It was very__13___for us to carry fire extinguishers up the mountains”可知，娄中华认为只要能保护好美丽的家园，他遇到的一切困难，付出的一切努力都是值得的。故选C项。
第二节(共 10 小题;每题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Genes can shape our lives. The complete set of genes inside a cell or any living being is called a genome,____36____not only carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop, but also____37____ (contain) information that determines our lifespan and our chances of contracting certain diseases.
Geneticists believe genome editing can effectively treat and prevent diseases. It allows geneticists____38____ (change) the genome by correcting, adding, deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material. Geneticists hope that the technology can____39____ (apply) to treat different health problems. And it possibly prevents diseases from ever developing by correcting ____40____ (normal) genes early on. As a new weapon in the fight against diseases, genome editing will lead to a fundamental change in our approach____41____health care.
However, with the rapid development of the technology, people become ____42____ (concern) about how to use it because it brings about some moral issues.____43____, we should take appropriate measures to prevent it from running wild.
Despite public debate on the technology, it has made great____44____ (contribute) to the whole medical community.
It is _____45_____ (undoubted) one of the greatest innovations in the history of science.
【答案】36. which
37. contains
38. to change
39. be applied
40. abnormal
41. to 42. concerned
43. So 44. contributions
45. undoubtedly
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了基因是如何塑造我们生活的。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：细胞或任何生物体内的整套基因被称为基因组，它不仅携带着使我们生长发育所需的所有信息，而且还包含着决定我们寿命和感染某些疾病几率的信息。此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词genome，指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：细胞或任何生物体内的整套基因被称为基因组，它不仅携带着使我们生长发育所需的所有信息，而且还包含着决定我们寿命和感染某些疾病几率的信息。此处and连接并列谓语，根据上文carries可知，句子使用一般现在时，contain应用三单形式。故填contains。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它允许遗传学家通过纠正、添加、删除或替换遗传物质的特定部分来改变基因组。此处为短语allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”。故填to change。
【39题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：遗传学家希望这项技术可以应用于治疗不同的健康问题。主语与谓语构成被动关系，应用被动语态，且can后跟动词原形。故填be applied。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它可能通过早期纠正异常基因来防止疾病的发展。此处修饰名词genes且表示“异常”应用形容词abnormal，作定语。故填abnormal。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：作为对抗疾病的新武器，基因组编辑将导致我们医疗保健方法的根本改变。固定短语approach to表示“……的方法”，to是介词。故填to。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，随着技术的快速发展，人们开始关注如何使用它，因为它带来了一些道德问题。此处作表语，表示“关注的”，应用形容词concerned。故填concerned。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：因此，我们应该采取适当的措施来防止它的泛滥。结合前后文为因果关系，表示“因此”应用连词so，首字母大写。故填So。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：尽管公众对这项技术存在争议，但它对整个医学界做出了巨大贡献。表示“做出了巨大贡献”短语为make great contributions to。故填contributions。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：这无疑是科学史上最伟大的创新之一。此处修饰动词，应用副词undoubtedly，作状语。故填undoubtedly。
第四部分写作(满分 40 分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是你校学生会主席李华，下周五学校将在学校剧场举办“English Party”，请你给你校外籍教师Mr. Johnson发一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。要点包括：
1.“English Party”的时间和地点；
2.晚会的节目有英文歌曲、短剧、舞蹈等；
3.邀请Mr. Johnson 参加并担任主持人。
注意：1.词数80左右，开头结尾已经给出，不计入词数；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：学校剧场 the school theatre 短剧 short plays 主持人 host
Dear Mr. Johnson,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the students’ union.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Johnson,
I’m Li Hua, chairman of the students’ union. I’m writing to invite you to join us in the English Party.
Some details about the party are as follows. It is to be held in the school theatre next Friday. There will be various performances, including some English songs and dances given by students and teachers. In addition, these will be followed by some short plays, for which the students have prepared for a long time after school. Meanwhile you’re expected to act as the host. We would be extremely grateful if you can manage to come. I’m sure we will spend an unforgettable evening together.
An early reply will be appreciated.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校的外籍教师Mr. Johnson发一封电子邮件，邀请他参加下周五学校将在学校剧场举办的“English Party”。
【详解】1.词汇积累
邀请某人：invite sb→extend an invitation to sb
举行：be held→take place
各种各样的：various→a variety of
此外：in addition→what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：There will be various performances, including some English songs and dances given by students and teachers.
拓展句：There will be various performances which include some English songs and dances given by students and teachers.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In addition, these will be followed by some short plays, for which the students have prepared for a long time after school.（运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】We would be extremely grateful if you can manage to come.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
If there was one thing that Ellen Rafferty hated more than driving, it was driving in the rain. This evening, on her way back from work, Ellen saw a little child standing by the side of the road in the pouring rain. So she hit the brakes sharply, and pulled over by the side of the road next to the child.
It was a little boy, maybe four or five, and he was shaking and hugging himself. As soon as he saw Ellen, his face. brightened. “Hello!” he said,“Are you my mommy ”
“No,”Ellen said in the icy rain. “I’m not! What are you doing here Where are your parents ”
“Oh,” the boy said disappointingly. “I don’t know where my mom is. She left me on the road when it was raining, and I think she must be looking for me.”
“What’s your name Where do you live ”
“I’m David. I live at the Doris Farmer Institute for Children.”
“The orphanage(孤儿院) ” asked Ellen. “But that is far!” Just then, there was a terrible flash of lightning and even more rain poured down as thunder rolled across the sky. “Come on,”Ellen said. “I’m taking you home. I’ll call the orphanage to come and fetch you.” Ellen took the boy home.
She didn’t quite know what to do with him, so she turned on a heater and wrapped him with a blanket. Then she called the orphanage and told them that she found one of their children, who named David, on the road. But the woman on the phone said it was too late and they couldn’t come to fetch him.
Sighing,Ellen hung up the phone and looked at the boy. At the same time, her cat Gandalf walked in and rubbed himself against Ellen’s legs. Ellen picked the cat up and kissed his head. “Come on, my baby,” she said softly, “Mommy’s gonna feed you...” When she looked up, she was shocked by the longing in David’s eyes,
注意
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“I wish I was your cat,”he said sadly.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, Ellen got into her car again and drove to the orphanage to ask about David.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
“I wish I was your cat,”he said sadly.Ellen was confused by his words.“I just want the love you give him..”David said softly.Ellen then put her arms around the boy.“Oh,sweetie!”Ellen whispered and tears ran down her face as she rocked David in her arms. For the first time, there are motherhood feelings in her heart. When the woman from the orphanage arrived at Ellen’s house that evening, she found David and Ellen playing cards and eating cheese on the kitchen table. Ellen had thought David’s leaving would be a relief but once he was gone, the house felt strange and empty.
Paragraph 2:
The next day, Ellen got into her car again and drove to the orphanage to ask about David. She was worried he might catch a cold and wondered if he’s alright. When she got there, the staff assured her that David was in perfect health. Since then, Ellen started visiting David nearly every day. Three months later she spoke to the director and asked about the possibility of adopting David. “It’s not an easy process,”the director warned.“But if you love this child, it is worth it!”The director was right. It wasn’t easy at all, but a year later, Ellen took David home. They became real mommy and son at last.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在一个暴雨倾盆的夜晚，作者在开车回家的路上，见到一个在雨中的小男孩，经询问得知男孩来自孤儿院；因天色已晚，作者把男孩带回家。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我希望我是你的猫，他悲伤地说。”可知，第一段可描写 Ellen听到这些话对自己内心的触动，以及 Ellen对男孩的关怀。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，Ellen又上了车，开车去孤儿院询问大卫的情况。”可知，第二段可描写Ellen一直关心男孩，最终决定领养男孩。
2.续写线索：关心男孩——送回孤儿院——担心——领养男孩
3.词汇激活
行为类
1.到达：arrive at /get to/reach
2..询问：ask about/ inquire
3.值得：be worth/deserve
情绪类
①.担忧：be worried / be anxious
②.感到空虚：feel empty/ vacuous
【点睛】
[高分句型1]She was worried he might catch a cold and wondered if he’s alright. （省略引导词that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] When the woman from the orphanage arrived at Ellen’s house that evening, she found David and Ellen playing cards and eating cheese on the kitchen table.（when引导的时间状语从句）
