2024届高考高三英语复习—— 阅读理解记叙文
1. 三年真题记叙文考点细目表
时间 卷次 主题语境 字数 题型分类
2023 年 新高考 I 卷 人与自然：生态机器净化污水 340+134 2 个细节理解题 2 个推理判断题
新高考II 卷 人与社会：Urban Sprouts 花园项目帮 助学生通过体验乡村生活。 273 +126 1 个细节理解题 2 个推理判断题 1 个主旨大意题
全国甲卷 人与自然：DIY 高手 Terri Boltonis 的 技能 277+137 2 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题 1 个词义猜测题
全国乙卷 人与社会：风景摄影师 312+147 1 个细节理解题 3 个推理判断题
北京卷 人与自我：作者职业成功的经历 385+115 1 个细节理解题 3 个推理判断题
浙江卷 人与自我：作者如何在家庭中过零浪 费的生活方式 350 +157 2 个推理判断题 1 个主旨大意题 1 个词义猜测题
天津卷
2022 年 新高考 I 卷 / / /
新高考II 卷 人与社会：孙子把儿童读物当成平板 电脑 326+130 3 个细节理解题 1 个词义猜测题
全国甲卷 人与社会：Ginni Balinton 往南极洲的 旅程 305+118 2 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题 1 个词义猜测题
全国乙卷 / / /
北京卷 人与社会：参加保护自然活动治愈好 348 +124 3 个细节理解题
了焦虑 1 个推理判断题
浙江卷 1）人与自我：工作让作者接受真实世 界的多样性 2）人与自我： Merebeth 从事的新工作 1）.329+99 2）352+110 1.）1 个细节理解题 2 个推理判断题 2）2 个推理判断题 1 个词义猜测题
天津卷 人与自我：获得自尊就要首先学会接 受自己本来的面目 410+187 2 个细节理解题 2 个推理判断题 1 个主旨大意题
2021 年 新高考 I 卷 人与自我：钢琴演奏者做翻页师 324 +106 3 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题
新高考II 卷 1）人与社会：照顾两只老虎幼崽 2）人与社会：奖金帮助别人 317 +120 272+115 1）2 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题 1 个词义猜测题 2）2 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题 1 个主旨大意题
全国甲卷 人与自我：适应伦敦新生活 334 +139 3 个推理判断题 1 个词义猜测题
全国乙卷 / / /
北京卷 人与自我：第一印象不总是可信 379+155 3 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题。
浙 江 卷 6 月卷 1. 人与自我：Leslie Nielsen 的演艺生 涯 2. 人与自我：拍摄自己的旅行 279 +116 314+130 2 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题； 2 个细节理解题 1 个主旨大意题
浙江卷 1 月 卷 人与社会：走失孩子长大之后找回家 人 347+125 3 个细节理解题
天津卷（第 一次）
天津卷（第 人与自我：爱写作并制定计划一直坚 持下来 380+226 3 个细节理解题 2 个推理判断题
二次）
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
纵观近三年高考试卷，通常一套卷有一篇记叙文，个别试卷选用两篇记叙文。所选的记叙文多以第一 人称或第三人称为主，讲述一个短小精悍、有教育意义的故事，有时也会选用生活中的轶闻趣事。所讲述 的故事题材丰富多样 、 富有生活气息 ， 多按时间顺序叙述 ， 偶尔也会有倒叙或插叙的
情形。
从语言与结构特点上看，英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点或过程。其特点是： 主题往往隐藏在字里行间，没有直接地表达出来；文章主旨要通过人物、事件来进行提炼；文章大多按时 间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内
容，从整体上把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及文章的情感主线。
从命题上看，记叙文阅读理解以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，以观点态度题、写作意图题、词义猜 测题和代词指代题为辅，难度总体上属于中等程度。记叙文阅读理解题要求考生能理清记叙的顺序与所讲
故事的情节，能准确把握人物的情感态度和作者的写作目的。
【备考策略】
1. 在做阅读理解题时，首先要通读全文，弄清六要素和记叙的顺序，特别要注意文章中提到的多个
时间、地点和人物，理清事件的起因、经过和结果；
2. 然后阅读题干，在文章中查找相关的信息；最后根据查找到的相关信息作出正确的选择。如果文
中所涉及的人物较多，还要弄清人物之间的关系。
3. 一般故事性记叙文，通读全文，了解故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；寓言哲理类记叙文，要理 解故事所蕴含的哲理意义，尤其关注故事结尾的升华；逸闻趣事，人物传记类记叙文，要体会对话的风格，
感受故事的精髓。
【命题预测】
从近三年命题的发展趋势来看， 预测 2024 年高考记叙文阅读理解试题难度会保持相对稳定， 但会继续
考查细节理解题、推理判断题主旨大意题和词义猜测题等题型。
考点一 细节理解题
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信
息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我
们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
常见的命题方式通常有：
1.特殊疑问句形式。以 when, where, what, which, who, how much/many 等疑问词开头引出的问题；
2. 以 According to… 开头提问方式；
3. 少数试题以填空题的形式，如：
（1）To avoid attracting mountain lions, people are advised .
（2）By the first sentence of the passage author means that .
（3）It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on .
（4）If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life will be, you may visit .
（5）The policemen were told “to look the other way” (the underlined part in Paragraph 2) so that .
（6）The policeman who said “Good evening” to Rolls wanted to .
[正确选项特征]
1 ．同义替换。替换关键词， 如把 lose one's job 换成了 be out of work；变换词性， 如把 important 变换成
of importance；改变语态，如主动语态变成被动语态。
2 ．信息归纳。用精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。
3 ．正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。
[干扰选项特征]
1 ．张冠李戴。是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。
2 ．无中生有。符合常识，但不是文章的内容。
3 ．曲解文义。与原文极其相似，在细节处有变动。
4 ．颠倒是非。在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至相反。
5 ．正误参半。部分正确，部分错误。
一1、直接信息题
【2023 年北京卷】Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…”and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had
felt like the answer I had spent years looking for.
I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road
for my science career.
So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme,
invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab.
What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.
...
25. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to .
A. criticise the review process B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert
C. apply to the original project again D. put his heart and soul into the lab work
（2023·河南 · 校联考模拟预测 ）As a child, I never considered myself an athlete at all as I was very uncoordinated (不协调的). However, I did love to run because I felt as if I were flying. But this all changed two years ago when I suffered a knee injury. I was bedridden (卧床不起的) for two weeks and I had a difficult time
moving even short distances. I literally cried myself on my way to the car for a few days.
When therapy wasn’t working well for me, I signed up for a hot yoga class for girls, Bikram Yoga, to be exact. Starting a yoga practice was truly a godsend (天赐之物) because it helped me gain strength in my knees but, most
importantly, yoga helped me attain a more peaceful state of mind, body and spirit.
Since each class was heated to 105℉, every time I stepped foot in the yoga studio, I’d feel a surge of negative thoughts come upon me like a big ocean wave. Some of these thoughts were, at the beginning of my practice, so strong that I walked out of the class several times. However, as the months passed by, I noticed that when I wasn’t
disturbed by my negative thoughts, I could stay in the hot room for longer.
After 3-4 months of practicing hot yoga, I made some progress. I also woke up with so much more energy than I had before starting my yoga practice and I gradually started losing weight from my body. Yoga literally made me feel as if I’d taken a bottle of energy drink and just gave me the burst that helped my knee heal and made my
overall health better.
As I saw some of my classmates do poses that looked appealing to me, I started to think maybe I could do
them too. Therefore, yoga helped show me that I had no real limitations physically unless I set those limitations
myself through eating junk food and thinking in negative limiting terms.
Also, practicing yoga in front of a mirror helped me have more confidence and practicing with a group of people really helped me to feel a greater sense of connection with humanity (人道). Overall, this yoga practice has
helped me to see I’m part of a bigger picture in life!
21 ．Why did the author decide to attend a yoga class
A ．Her injury wasn’t so serious. B ．The treatment was of little use.
C ．She attempted to have a charming figure.D ．Her parents asked her to have a try there.
24 ．What inspired the author to think she could do well in yoga
A ．She had completely recovered from her knee injury.
B ．She was helped by her trainer with much patience.
C ．She was attracted by her classmates’ yoga poses.
D ．She fully understood the theory of yoga.
二、间接信息题
1.【2023 年全国甲卷 B 篇片段】
Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a
room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
2. (2023·全国乙卷 ·B 片段) One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz(石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the
background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did
not mark the route （路线） so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful geeing lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my
best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
26. What can we infer from the author trip with friends to Devil’s Lake
A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.
B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.
C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected.
D. They had problems with their equipment.
1.（2023·福建厦门 · 统考三模）Dressed in a shiny metallic suit, Katia Krafft’s small frame is overshadowed by the red curtain of molten rock that bursts from the ground before her. The dramatic moment was captured (捕捉) in a photo taken atop Iceland’s Krafla volcano in 1984, during the final breathing of a multi-year-long eruption. Looking at the image, one can almost feel the volcano’s heat, hear its roar, and sense Krafft’s heart pounding as the
volcanologist does what she loves most: bearing witness to our planet’s strong anger.
Katia Krafft was a fearless pioneer in volcanology, studying the explosive peaks at a time when there were few women in the field. She was born in the Rhine valley of northeast France in 1942, curing the height of World War II. The chaotic human world drove both Katia and her husband, Maurice Krafft, also a volcanologist, to seek comfort in nature. The moment a volcano exploded, they dropped everything to analyze and capture the beauty and
mystery of each event.
The Kraffts used their videos of explosive eruptions to explain the complex risks and uncertainties of these disasters. It changed the ability to communicate volcano science. Their videos are credited as one of the primary reasons that officials in the Philippines took the warning signs of Mount Pinatubo’s eruption in 1991 seriously. Yet the Kraffs didn’t live to see that eruption. The couple died less than two weeks earlier in Japan during a monstrous
eruption, which claimed 41 other lives.
Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far beyond her death and has encouraged many young women to study our restless planet. “Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job,” says Carla Tiraboschi, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster, Germany. Tiraboschi first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and has been crazy about volcanoes ever since. She now studies the processes at
work deep below the volcanic peaks.
2 ．What can we know about the videos of explosive eruptions
A ．They prevented a natural disaster. B ．They served as a warning in Japan.
C ．They helped spread volcano science. D ．They covered Mount Pinatubo’s eruption.
3 ．How did Katia influence Carla Tiraboschi
A ．Katia’s death made her restless. B ．Katia helped her with her research.
C ．Katia’s deeds inspired her career choice. D ．Katia taught her to make a documentary.
2.（2023·陕西宝鸡 · 统考二模）When I was younger, I had been a top student with a strong desire to attend a top university. But things started to go downhill for me in high school after my parents divorced. Torn between wanting to be with my mother, who moved to Canada alone with no support, and with my beloved aging grandfather in Pakistan, I moved back and forth, struggling with my studies. I barely graduated from high school
and entered an ordinary college, feeling that I had already failed.
I got discouraged, and began to suffer from severe depression. The death of my grandfather was the final
straw. With no real hope for the future, I dropped out and returned to my mother and sisters in Canada.
Then I was riding with a trucking company to help support my mother and sisters. During those long hours on the road, my grandfather’s last words came back to me: “Please accept the challenges of life and work harder. It is now or never. I hope you will never disappoint us.” With his words ringing in my ears, I discovered a newfound
resolve. My path suddenly became clear: I had to finish what I had started and go back to school.
To get back on track, I needed to take a full course load while continuing to work enough part-time hours to help pay the bills. After graduating from high school again, I began university engineering cooperation program, in which I worked as a paid intern (实习生) every other term, allowing me to keep my student loans in check. At the same time, I tried my best to focus on my studies. After completing my university, I went on to a master’s and now
a PhD, wining several research awards along the way.
My path to this point has made one thing clear: Never fear failure. I hope I have made my grandfather proud.
5 ．Which of the following can best describe the author’s life in his first high school
A ．Struggling. B ．Ordinary. C ．Fruitful. D ．Boring.
6 ．Why did the author drop out of college
A ．He had a big family to support. B ．He had to get a well-paid job.
C ．He felt hopeless about the future. D ．He fought with his classmate.
7 ．How did the author get the idea of returning to school
A ．He was laughed at by his mother and sisters. B ．He was encouraged to win research awards.
C ．He was motivated by his grandfather s words. D ．He was forced to acquire more skills at work.
考点二 主旨大意题
题型概述
主旨大意题即考查细节理解能力, 又考查深层次的推理、概括能力,难度较大。不仅考查考生略读文章、领 会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从
文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。
命题方式：
What is the text mainly about
What is the best title for the text
What can be a suitable title for the text
What's the first/second/third....paragraph mainly about
What's the main idea discussed in the first/second/.. paragraph
怎样理解段落及文章整体的主旨大意
——主题句定位法
文章是由段落组成的。段落是发展一个主题的一群句子，段落围绕着中心思想展开，而段落的中心思 想又是为文章整体的中心思想服务的。寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每小 段的主题句，通过主题句找出文章的主题。找准文章的主题句是确定文章主旨大意的关键。主题是文章要 表达的中心思想， 文章的主题句通常都有一个话题， 它是文章的核心。 “主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方
法。
但是由于文章的不同，表现的手法也各有不同，主题句出现的位置也不是一成不变的。在许多情况下， 尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。主 题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。 因此， 仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法(skimming)，浏览时， 一
般不需逐句细读，只选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：
1. 中心主题句出现在文首
开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见
的演绎法写作方式，即由一般到特殊，先提出观点，后举例论证，主题句则出现在段首的写作方法。
新闻报道通常就采用这种写法。新闻报道的首句通常称为“新闻导语”，“导语”实际上就是主题句， 是对
全文内容的高度概括。大意题、标题一般可在第一句话找到答题依据。
一、段落大意题
【2023 年全国乙卷 D 片段】If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently
even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. How past events should be presented. B. What humanity is concerned about.
C. Whether facts speak louder than words. D. Why written language is reliable.
1. （2023·安徽安庆 · 安庆一 中校考三模 ）Sagarika Sriram was 10 years old when she started reading newspaper stories about a planet in trouble, one of which was about turtles with plastic in their stomachs. Sagarika knew she needed to do something. First, she joined a group which organized cleanup campaigns in her home city, Dubai “The group helped me understand what an individual can do and how I can really make a difference,” she
says.
Then Sagarika created Kids for a Better World. It’s a digital platform which has brought together nearly
10,000 youths from all over the world with the goal to create a greener world.
Sagarika is now 16. She’s part of a growing number of young climate activists. “We’re the generation that is going to face the results if the climate crisis is not dealt with,” she says. She believes even individual actions can
create a “ripple effect”. Sagarika says this can build momentum and can move things in the right direction.
Kids for a Better World is for people aged 8 to 16. It teaches them about what they can do to reverse climate
change. They can grow food, plant trees, collect recyclables and avoid using plastic bags. “This is the information
which can help change our future,” Sagarika says.
Dubai is a desert metropolis. Growing up there has made Sagarika very aware of the need for action. Her city faces the risk of rising temperatures and its water supply is shrinking. She believes young people can bring
attention to these environmental challenges.
Sagarika is all about small actions, but she has big plans. She’d like to go to college in California. While she’s there, she’ll continue being an activist. She’ll also be running Kids for a Better World. She hopes to inspire others to fight for a greener planet. Others have inspired her. “We’re creating our own system of inspirational
change-makers,” she says.
19 ．What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us
A ．What can help change our future. B ．What people should do at present.
C ．What Kids for a Better World does. D ．What courses are taught on the platform.
2.（2023 春 · 黑龙江哈尔滨 · 高三哈九中校考期中） When she worked in banking, Irini Tzortzoglou’s idea of cooking was to pick up a ready meal from Marks &Spencer on her way home, and put it in the oven (烤箱). But now, since winning the BBC cooking competition Master Chef at the age of 60, with menus inspired by her
Greek heritage (遗产), food has become her life and new career.
She had not been overly interested in cooking, though as a child, food was an important part of her life. Tzortzoglou, 64, was born in Greece, where her grandparents’ house was always open, and her grandmother would
often be cooking for dozens of people. Tzortzoglou would help out: “I loved the smells. I loved the processes.”
Tzortzoglou felt very bored after retiring. Then one day her husband said, “Why don’t you try Master Chef
because you always love watching it.”
She was a reasonably good cook, who loved entertaining and could put together a decent dinner party menu but competing on the show demanded a whole new skill level. “I didn’t want to embarrass myself by leaving in
round one, so I trained myself for a year,” she said.
She put in time, effort and money. She went to Athens to see what was happening with Greek food today. She ate at Michelin-star restaurants to see what Greek Master Chef and the young chefs were doing. And then she started practicing. She also started physical training because she could see how tough it was to run around the
kitchen while filming, or stand for hours.
Since her win, Tzortzoglou has become immersed in (沉浸于) Greek food, and has written a cookery book,
Under the Olive Tree. “I don’t have free time, but I love it,” she said. “I feel like a child let loose in a sweet shop.”
35 ．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A ．Tzortzoglou’s love for Greek food. B ．Tzortzoglou’s effort to win the competition.
C ．Tzortzoglou’s desire to go back to Athens. D ．Tzortzoglou’s performance at the competition.
二、文章大意题
【 2022 年全 国 甲卷 ·B 片段 】Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career(职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further
When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually
getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute
cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t
nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”
In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just
rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the
operatic sounds it was making underwater.”
The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit
home to Ginni.
31. What is the text mainly about
A. A childhood dream. B. An unforgettable experience.
C. Sailing around the world. D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.
1.（2023·湖南衡阳 · 衡阳市八中校考模拟预测）Before arriving in China, I had read lots of books about China. Therefore, when I arrived, I was excited to be living in this huge historically and culturally rich country. It
was so greatly different from the UK. The food, the landmarks, the big cities and everyday life—I couldn’t wait to
explore.
However, learning Chinese hadn’t even entered my mind, not because I was lazy, but because I had no confidence to learn the most difficult language in the world. Besides this, once I moved to China, I lived in Shanghai. It is an international city, with many people speaking English as a second language. So I thought English
would be sufficient.
But after a year in China I found many expats(侨民) spoke Chinese. Perhaps it was achievable after all I felt uncomfortable because so many Chinese people could speak English while I couldn’t even speak the most basic Chinese. To face the challenge, I decided to begin my language journey and my only regret is that I didn’t start
earlier.
In the two years since starting to learn I have made great progress. Now, I am able to talk in Chinese on many topics. Learning to speak Chinese isn’t as difficult as I once expected. When I speak to Chinese people in Chinese, they almost always understand me. The most challenging thing is listening since Chinese people talk at such a speed. I can’t always understand what’s been said, but my weekly online language exchanges help with this. Learning Chinese has taken a lot of hard work. But there is still a long way to go before I reach my goal of fluency(流利). Learning Chinese not only helps me in day-to-day life, but deepens my cultural understanding of such a great country. So, to all my non-Chinese friends I say this, don’t be afraid, face the challenge and be
confident.
9 ．What did the writer do after arriving in China
A ．Read a lot of books about China. B ．Couldn’t wait to study Chinese.
C ．Tried to learn more about China. D ．Missed his life in his home of UK.
10 ．What does the underlined word “sufficient” probably mean
A ．Enough. B ．Important. C ．Necessary. D ．Possible.
11 ．Why does the writer think listening is the most challenging
A ．He has a hearing problem.
B ．Chinese people speak too fast.
C ．Chinese is the most difficult language.
D ．He doesn’t know much about many topics.
12 ．Which is the main idea of the text
A ．A new opinion in learning.
B ．Exploring the joy of learning Chinese.
C ．The writer’s journey of learning Chinese.
D ．The value of learning a new language.
2.（2023·河北衡水·衡水市第二中学校考三模）On November 11, a woman from the United Kingdom set out to explore Antarctica, in an attempt to become the first female explorer to cross the continent alone and
unsupported.
Preet Chandi aims to cover more than 1,100 miles in a journey that will likely take 70 to 75 days. Pulling all her supplies on a sled( 雪橇) called a pulk, which weighed more than 250 pounds at the start of her journey, the
33-year-old will battle temperatures of minus 58 degrees Fahrenheit and wind speeds up to 60 miles per hour.
Chandi—also called“Polar Preet”—set a record last year as the first woman of color to complete an unsupported expedition(探险) to the South Pole. She finished the journey in 40 days—just two days longer than
Joanna Davidson of Sweden, who holds the female world record.
“A lot of people tell me I don’t look like a polar explorer,”Chandi told BBC News’ Sandish Shoker last year before the trek. “It’s considered out of the norm for an Asian woman to do this—it’s different. And that’s part of
the reason why I wanted to do this—for people who don’t fit a certain image.”
Chandi grew up in an Indian Sikh community in England and joined the Army Reserve at age 19. In 2012, she
graduated from college, becoming the first in her family to earn a degree.
After running her first half-marathon at 20 years old, Chandi’s appetite for greater challenges started to grow. She has been on hiking and climbing trips across the world, including in Kenya, Morocco, Mexico, Peru, Iceland and Nepal. Earlier this year, she completed the Marathon des Sables, a week-long, 156-mile ultramarathon in the
Sahara Desert.
She currently serves in the British Army, organizing training for injured soldiers.
“We are extremely proud to have such a remarkable ambassador, “the General Staff Sharon Nesmith says. ”Captain Chandi has the qualities we seek of all who serve—courage, commitment and the desire to be the
best we can be. ”
16 ．What is the text mainly about
A ．Setting a world record. B ．Challenging oneself.
C ．Travelling around the world. D ．Seeking a suitable ambassador.
(
三、标题归纳题
)
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷 B 片段】
Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and
healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food
restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of
soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though
some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as
soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a
year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say
they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that
they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,”
she says, “and they feel successful.”
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape
1.（2023·湖南长沙 · 长沙一中校考二模）It’s eight o’ clock on Christmas morning, and Uncle Tom says he wants to listen to the news. I am wondering why on earth grownups would be interested in the news when there are important things to be done, such as handing out presents. And then, while I am only half-listening to the radio
broadcast, something surprising happens: The boring newsreader begins talking about a Christmas message from
the Vatican. Hadn’t we heard that report earlier My older brother, Colin, figures out what’s happening. “Pete,
Pete, it’s a tape recorder! We’ve got our tape recorder!”
Colin and I had both been blind from birth. At the special boarding school in Worcester in western England that Colin and I attended, a tape recorder of your own was the height of aspiration. However, Colin—better informed and more realistic about family finances than I was—had no real expectations of getting one. I realized,
much later, that the tape recorder my father had bought us would have cost more than four times his weekly wage.
The new toy, the size of a small suitcase, dominated the rest of the Christmas holidays. I took my first steps down the path to my career as a broadcaster when I returned to school after the holidays. I would wander round the school with my microphone, recording my thoughts in the style of the voices I heard on the radio. But ten years later, after I had started and abandoned a university law course, I drew on the confidence and walked into a BBC radio station, in the hope of selling myself as a broadcast journalist. A producer at the radio station who was putting
together a weekly program for blind people had seen me. He later phoned me and informed I was admitted.
Twenty-five years later, I presented my first report for BBC TV’s Six O’Clock News, a program my father had never missed. Although by then he’d been dead for more than a decade, I like to think he’d have realized that his
inspiring Christmas present had changed my life.
4 ．What’s the best title for this text
A ．Unusual Gift, United Family B ．Warm Christmas, Wise Uncle
C ．Silent Love, Sound Influence D ．Prepared Mind. Promising Job
2.（2023·重庆 · 重庆南开中学校考三模） Tyra Peralte thought keeping a diary during the pandemic (流行病) might help her sort out her messy feelings. In April 2020, the mother of two in Montclair, NewJersey, started
writing frankly about the challenges of work, marriage and motherhood during a global crisis.
Peralte wanted to know how other women were doing. So she made an unusual offer. She invited women from near and far to fill the remaining lined pages of her black -and-white marbled composition notebook with their own
pandemic tales. She named the project The Travelling Diary.
“I wanted an interaction that felt human,” Peralte says, “and it feels very human to read someone else’s writing.” She found her first contributor during a conference for entrepreneurs. When she mentioned the diary, a
woman in North Carolina immediately said she would like to write in it.
From there, Peralte posted an article about her idea on Medium in an effort to get more women involved. So
many wanted to participate that Peralte decided to create a website for people to add their names to the queue. She
came up with a system: Each person gets to keep the diary for three days and fill as many pages as she wishes. Then she is responsible for mailing it to the next person, whose address Peralte provides. Each participant fills the
pages with her own handwriting, and sometimes her own artwork, sharing her stories.
So far, more than 2,000 women from 30 countries have participated, some as far away as South Africa and Australia. Of course, not all those entries could fit in just one journal. More than 50 of these notebooks are currently in circulation (流通), and about 20 completed ones are back in Peralte’s possession, including the original
diary with her first entry, about navigating pandemic life and reconnecting with family.
“It is beautiful to have it again and to read it,” she says. “I carry these stories with me on a daily basis.”
8 ．Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A ．Women’s Diaries B ．The Travelling Diary
C ．Women, Story-tellers D ．Peralte, a Creative Woman
(
过关检测
)
(
Passage
1
)
（2023·江苏南通 · 统考三模） Ken Campbell had last attempted running at high school. When his wife, Susan, injured her foot, she needed support to rejoin her running group, so Campbell went along to keep her company and share in the recovery. “We were just walking at the beginning,” he says. “And I was heavy. I weighed over 90kg.”
But as the weeks and months passed, the weight fell away, Susan recovered — and Campbell’s abilities grew. At
the age of 63, he ran 50km, and at 70, he ran through the night to complete a 100km ultramarathon.
So how does someone with no sporting precedent (先例) become an ultradistance runner in his 60s and 70s
Susan had run marathons before her injury. But for Campbell, the turning point came when Susan’s Fleet Feet
running group took to the trails in the Sierra Nevada foothills near their home in Citrus Heights, California.
Campbell went out to visit Susan’s group, and “the trails were a terrible mess. It had been raining. And I was running in my road shoes. Slipping and sliding and falling. And I was struggling. I thought, well, I like this a lot but
I could do better.”
What he liked above all was the feeling of “being enveloped by the trail, being embraced by the closeness of the vegetation and the nearness of the river. I was walking where Native people had walked for thousands of years
and where miners had walked on their way to gold.”
Running the 100km ultramarathon took Campbell 16 hours. When Campbell crossed the fish line at 3am,
Susan handed him a 100km sticker to display on the back of his truck. He already had a 50km one on there. “It is a
public proclamation (声明) that you are part of this community,” he says. “Wherever we park, I see a line of
vehicles with their various stickers and I feel that we area tribe (部落).”
Campbell suffered arthritis before he started running, and is “a candidate for knee replacement”. But for now,
he is holding off on surgery. It could put an end to the running — but the “sense of wellbeing and accomplishment
will carry me on forever”, he says. “If I can’t run, I will walk.”
1 ．What enabled Campbell to take up running again
A ．He lost weight. B ．He trained overnight.
C ．His wife accompanied him. D ．His wife shared her experience.
2 ．What did Campbell discover while keeping his wife company on a tail run
A ．The joy of being out in the wild. B ．The hardships of Native people.
C ．The pleasure of gold mining. D ．The mysteries of nature.
3 ．What did the stickers on the back of Campbell’s truck bring him
A ．A discount on parking. B ．A sense of belonging.
C ．An enormous income. D ．An honour to his wife.
4 ．What can we learn about Campbell from the text
A ．He’s a determined man. B ．He’s a people-pleaser.
C ．He is easy to content. D ．He is hard to cope with.
(
Passage 2
)
（2023·山东聊城 · 统考三模） I was picking through coat pockets and madly shaking all my old purses and wallets. I was looking for pennies, quarters — anything that would help me make it to the end of the week. It sure
was feeling heavy.
A hopeless girl in her twenties,I was a single parent, with a one-year-old son and a five-year-old daughter.
Life consisted of ups and downs. One year, I was having baby showers and taking vacations in the mountains of Tennessee. The next, I was searching around my small, two-bedroom apartment collecting loose change to buy
food and gas. Suddenly, I found myself becoming poor, and it was hard.
I’ll never forget the joy of finding one penny during my hunt, then two, then fifteen, and then twenty-four,
twenty-five, twenty-six. Every time I found one, I felt excited. Looking back now, I see that it was somewhat ironic
(讽刺的) because I had looked down on pennies at one point in my life.
I sat in my bedroom that night and sorted all the change from my hour-long quest. I smiled and made jokes with my daughter while we packed our pennies. Her brother joyfully bounced up and down in his bouncer. They had no idea how many nights I would cry with my face buried in the pillows, wondering how I would keep a roof
over their heads, lights on in the house, and food on the table.
I remember those days like they were yesterday, but I don’t remember them with sadness. I remember them intentionally because I promised myself that if I were ever to escape the pains of poverty, I would never forget the
value of a penny.
I’ve kept that promise, too.
5 ．Why did the author shake her old purses
A ．To look for money to pay for their expense. B ．To purchase something for her children.
C ．To make money at the end of the week. D ．To put them into her coat pockets.
6 ．What do we know about the author
A ．She could make ends meet. B ．She often lived a hard life.
C ．She was once living well. D ．She enjoyed her family life.
7 ．What is the author’s promise
A ．To help others little by little. B ．To find great value in little things.
C ．To bring happiness to her children. D ．To forget the sad days intentionally.
8 ．What does this text want to convey
A ．It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
B ．We should repair the house before it rains.
C ．Each family has its own happiness and unhappiness.
D ．One penny is the small seed from which fortunes spring.
(
Passage
3
)
（2023·重庆 · 重庆实验外国语学校校考三模）Jennifer Keelan was a young girl who had dreams of one day attending college and living a satisfactory life. At age 2, Jennifer was diagnosed with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), leaving her using a wheelchair. Jennifer was a bright and courageous girl, but when she attempted to attend school with her friends, she was sent to separate classes for students with disabilities, regardless of talent. She found herself unable
to attend some school functions, use transit systems and access government buildings. Jennifer accepted the
limitations of her physical life, but not the limitations of the physical world around her.
Jennifer became active in campaigning for the Americans with Disabilities Act. She engaged in peaceful
protests and, at age 7, was arrested in Montreal, a moment in history that shocked North America.
At age 8, Jennifer traveled to Washington, D．C ．The shy, yet determined little girl caught the attention of the country when she climbed up the Capitol steps. It worked. Jennifer met with Congress, and President George H. W.
Bush signed the Americans with Disabilities Act into law.
Jennifer remains an activist today, making sure all people with disabilities are treated fairly and have equal
access to public places, schools and businesses. The only barriers that remain are those of view.
Jennifer wants all of us to know that physical disabilities are not a barrier to friendship, career opportunities or love. She graduated from Arizona State University with a degree in family and human development. She is now 39
years old and still sharing the message of inclusivity (包容性) . For her, like all of us, making a difference begins
one step at a time, no matter how hard it is. She remains a lifelong activist for the disability rights movement.
1 ．What prevented Jennifer studying with her friends
A ．Her serious illness. B ．Her low intelligence.
C ．Her born language barrier. D ．Her poor learning ability.
2 ．What made North America amazed about Jennifer
A ．Her helping the disabled. B ．Her being sent to prison.
C ．Her entering the Capitol alone. D ．Her being elected as president.
3 ．What happened due to Jennifer’s effort
A ．The law of the United State changed a lot. B ．Bush met the representatives of the disabled.
C ．Arizona State University accepted the disabled. D ．The Americans with Disabilities Act was signed.
4 ．What is the best title of this text
A ．A Girl Managed to Enter the Congress B ．A Girl Makes a Difference to the Country
C ．A Girl Succeeded in Attending the College D ．A Girl Struggles for the Rights of the Disabled
(
Passage 4
)
（2023·安徽马鞍山 · 统考三模）In Tennessee, you will find a “secret society” that consists of 9 women who call themselves “The 9 Nanas.” Its mission is simple — to spread happiness by performing random acts of kindness for those in need. The Nanas have been together since childhood. Several of them were raised by MaMaw and
PaPaw, a couple that were always doing good for the community.
One day when the 9 Nanas got together, they started recollecting the old days with MaMaw and PaPaw. They fondly recalled how MaMaw Ruth used to bake and send pound cakes to families who had recently lost someone.
The “sisters” wanted to do good for their community too. So, the “secret society” of “The 9 Nanas” was born.
The ladies kept their ears open as they ran their daily work. Whenever they heard of someone in need, they’d step in to help. A package would be sent, which would always include one of MaMaw Ruth’s pound cakes and a
note that said “Somebody loves you.”
Believe it or not, the group operated in secret for 30 years! But by then, the husbands had started to get suspicious. So the 9 Nanas gathered the husbands and spilled the beans. Their husbands wanted in on the fun.
That’s when the operation was taken to the next level!
Now, over 5 years since the husbands uncovered their wives’ secret, the 9 Nanas are still going strong. They said, “Not everyone is as lucky as we were to have MaMaw and PaPaw to take care of them. So this is our way of
giving back. We want to make sure that happiness happens.”
21 ．What is the task of the “secret society”
A ．To uncover secrets. B ．To search for lost family members.
C ．To spread happiness. D ．To attend kids for working parents.
22 ．What inspired the 9 Nanas to start the “secret society”
A ．A thank-you note. B ．Their similar interests.
C ．A special package. D ．Their common memories.
23 ．Which of the following best explains ”spilled the beans“ underlined in paragraph 4
A ．Told the truth. B ．Shared snacks.
C ．Asked for help. D ．Made promises.
24 ．Which of the following best describes the 9 Nanas
A ．Practical and polite. B ．Humble and humorous.
C ．Caring and devoted. D ．Outgoing and disciplined.
(
Passage
5
)
（2023·福建 · 统考三模） One grandma in Japan went above and beyond to connect with her grandchildren.
Taechan, a woman in her 70s, began making Gundam models-plastic armor (盔甲) suits inspired by the anime
Mobile Suit Gundam. Her amazing results impressed her grandchildren and sparked an unexpected passion.
Gundam suits are sold as kits by Bandai. They’re sometimes called “Gunpla”, which combines the words
“Gundam” and “plastic model”. Despite being sold in box sets, building these suits of armor can be complicated
and include numerous tiny pieces that the person has to fit together. Taechan now documents her builds in
YouTube videos.
During these recordings, you see her work at a desk with the manual of illustrated instructions open in front of her. Each page includes dozens of detailed steps. Taechan, however, is a patient and diligent worker and takes her
time completing each step with care. Her dedication to completing these models really shows in the final product.
When Taechan shared her Gundam results and the reason for making them on Twitter, thousands of people
reacted to her story. Those who are familiar with the process of making these plastic suits were surprised that
Taechan put in such effort, especially considering her health condition. Many also found it endearing that she went the extra mile to connect with her grandchildren. Best of all, Taechan seems to have found a new hobby for herself,
too!
Even though her hands shake due to chronic (慢性的) illness, she managed to make many impressive plastic
suits that wowed her grandchildren.
17 ．Why did Taechan make Gundam Models
A ．To kill time. B ．To cure her shaking hands.
C ．To bond with her grandchildren. D ．To become an Internet celebrity.
18 ．Which of the following can best describe Taechan
A ．Strict and helpful. B ．Patient and careful.
C ．Healthy and determined. D ．Generous and hopeful.
19 ．What can we infer from the fourth paragraph
A ．People are puzzled about Taechan’s behaviour.
B ．People offered Taechan advice on making Gundam models.
C ．Taechan’s health condition stopped her making good models.
D ．Taechan’s effort to connect with her grandchildren was admired.
20 ．Where can we probably read the text
A ．In an advertisement. B ．In a novel.
C ．In a newspaper. D ．In a diary.
(
Passage
6
)
（2023·福建三明 · 统考三模） Lin Xi, a 26-year-old lady engaged in electronic disassembly (拆卸)art has
proved with her experience that no effort is in vain.
Lin’s work is to tear apart used electronic products and then present the components in an artistic way. “After
being put back together, the one dusty items will become exhibition pieces that remind the owners of their
childhood experience, a period of hard work or a deep-rooted memory, ” she says. Initially, Lin has to contact her
customers to learn the stories behind each one and the type of presentation they prefer. Then comes the
disassembly. The components, after being carefully cleaned, will be laid out on a piece of white paper in the desired
order. The final step is to use graphics software, Photoshop, to draw and print a base plate.
Lin gained her popularity on short-video platform Douyin. However, it was not luck that brought Lin her
current success. She first tried her hand at livestreaming in 2017 as a performer singing popular songs on Douyin. At the time she was a senior at Beijing Foreign Studies University. After graduation, she went to the UK for further
study. During her one-year stay abroad, Lin visited many museums and appreciated exhibitions on different
subjects, varying from insects to dols. She was so fascinated by an exhibit of used lightbulbs, which gave her the inspiration to disassemble electronics and present the components like a decorative painting. She returned to China
in 2019 and taught herself how to use digital design software.
Before officially starting her business, Lin surveyed her followers to see whether they would be interested in buying electronic disassembly art. It is important to know who your target audience is when running social media accounts, she explains. Speaking of the future, she notes that there are no big plans, but she will keep focusing on
her daily work.
21 ．What is the first step of Lin’s work
A ．Tearing apart electronic products.
B ．Communicating with the customers.
C ．Cleaning the components carefully.
D ．Presenting the components artistically.
22 ．What made Lin Xi start her business
A ．Software Photoshop. B ．Platform Douyin.
C ．An exhibition. D ．A painting.
23 ．Why did Lin Xi conduct a survey
A ．To satisfy her own curiosity.
B ．To locate her target audience.
C ．To make her followers interested.
D ．To promote her social media account.
24 ．What can best describe Lin Xi
A ．Brilliant and caring.
B ．Careful and ambitious.
C ．Generous and determined.
D ．Creative and organized.
(
Passage
7
)
（2023·福建泉州 · 统考三模） Students at Summit Elementary School in Butler, Pennsylvania are growing more than their minds. Under the guidance of teacher Angela Eyth, they’ve created a productive garden. “The kids
are in charge of everything,” Eyth says.
Eyth and her students launched the gardening project in 2020 after the teacher attended a conference on how to include lessons about farming in the classroom. Then came the garden. With 16 acres of school district-owned land.
around their building, there was plenty of room.
The project is now two years old, and goes beyond planting and growing: Eyth and her fellow educators
structure lessons in science, math and more around their garden.
“When we grew cabbages my students noticed something was eating the leaves,” Eyth recall. “This led to an investigation on figuring out what was eating it and how to stop it: the kids analyzed the evidence they found and
acted as engineers in creating ways to keep insects out of the cabbage beds. In 4th grade, we lake the students
outside to estimate the number of bean pods (豆荚) they find.” Eyth continues, “People think gardening should be
separate from core subjects but it’s far from the truth. The kids’ curiosity keeps it rolling.
The kids also keep the produce rolling - SO much so that with a $70,000 donation from Remake
Learning/Grable Foundation, they’reusing that money to build a greenhouse at their school. The funds help them launch an outdoor classroom and open a farm stand at Broad Street that brings fresh fruits, vegetables, herbs and
more to an area of their community where affordable fresh produce is hard to find there. Such areas are often
called “food deserts.”
“Our students discover the value of sharing their harvest with the community surrounding nearby Broad Street
Elementary School.” says Eyth. “They’re so proud of what we’re doing here.”
25 ．What is the purpose of the project
A ．To prepare students for career planning.
B ．To seek new ways of vegetable growing.
C ．To allow students to learn by gardening.
D ．To encourage students to get close to nature.
26 ．What do the teachers do with the project at present
A ．Expand the farming land. B ．Integrate relevant subjects.
C ．Investigate insects’ activities. D ．Estimate the number of vegetables.
27 ．What can we know about the project
A ．It was launched by the school board.
B ．Its experience was introduced at a conference.
C ．It built a greenhouse in the “food desert” areas.
D ．Its produce benefits the community around.
28 ．What do the students think of the project
A ．It is tiresome. B ．It requires creativity.
C ．It is rewarding. D ．It needs more donations.
(
Passage
8
)
（2023·湖南郴州 · 统考三模） After spending almost a year and a half in near-total isolation some 230 feet
underground, Beatriz Flamini emerged from a cave in southern Spain and asked: Who’s buying the beer
The climber and mountaineer had entered the cave in Granada on Nov. 21, 2021, determined to spend 500
days alone-monitored from afar by a group of scientists-to explore the effects of isolation on the human body and
mind.
Flamini was 48 years old when she went down, and 50 when she officially completed the challenge on Friday.
After resurfacig, Flamini embraced supporters, met with her doctors and spent nearly an hour talking to the
reporters who had gathered outside. She told them she was ready for a drink and a shower but could have stayed in
the cave longer.
Flamini’s team says she spent her days reading, drawing, exercising, knitting wooly hats and recording herself with two GoPros. Spanish production company Dokumalia plans to turn her experience into a documentary, NBC
reports.
Flamini said she’d lost track of time after about two months in the cave, and thought she had only been in
there for some 160 or 170 days. She described the experience as “superb, matchless”, telling reporters that she
never even considered hitting the panic button. “In fact, I didn’t want to come out,” she said.
Flamini’s months in the cave were spent in silence and solitude but not without remote supervision. Before
going underground, she told her team not to contact her under any circumstances, even a family member’s death.
“If it’s no communication, it’s no communication regardless of the circumstances,” she said according to NBC
News. “The people who know me knew and respected that.”
A technical problem forced Flamini to briefly pause the challenge around Day 300, the Associated Press
reports. She spent eight days in a tent, without making contact with anyone, before returning to the cave.
29 ．Why did Flamini decide to live in the cave
A ．To experience a new life style in a cave.
B ．To test the limit on human living in caves.
C ．To investigate how isolation affects human.
D ．To break the record of living underground.
30 ．What did Flamini do in the cave
A ．She made a documentary.
B ．She knitted wooly sweater.
C ．She worked out on her own.
D ．She used GoPros to track time.
31 ．What did Flamini think of her stay in the cave
A ．It was panic but fulfilling.
B ．It was long but rewarding.
C ．It was unbearable but valuable.
D ．It was awesome and unbeatable.
32 ．What does the underlined word “solitude” probably mean
A ．Being alone.
B ．Being excited.
C ．Being independent.
D ．Being self-disciplined.
(
Passage
9
)
（2023·湖南永州 · 统考三模） Born on January 15,1622, Molière — real name Jean-Baptiste Poquelin—
remains as central to French culture as Shakespeare to the English-speaking world.
Molière was born into a prosperous household. After studying civil law at the University of Orléans, despite
his father’s attempts to take on the royal appointment of his father, it was to acting that the young Jean-Baptiste was
irresistibly drawn. Acting was considered a disgraceful pursuit at the time, and the young actor lost his father’s
affection entirely when he founded a theater called L’Illustre Thé tre in 1643. Shortly thereafter, Jean-Baptiste
adopted the pen name, Molière.
L’Illustre The tre survived for over two years, eventually overcome by debt, and Molière ended up completing
a 24-hour period in prison. After his imprisonment, the French playwright fled Paris at 23 years old and joined a
troupe (剧团) of actors. The young actor spent 12 years traveling the country with his theater troupe, performing in
small towns and beginning his own work as a writer.
In 1658, Molière returned to Paris and performed for King Louis XIV, who enjoyed his work immensely. The king awarded him an annual pension, and became a frequent defender of the writer’s work despite political hatred
from influential courtiers. Molière wrote his first great comedy after settling back in Paris. Affected Young
Ladies(1659) mocks the pretensions of upper-class Parisian women. The play angered several important people, a pattern that would be repeated over the next 14 years, as Molière’s life acquired a long list of enemies both political
and artistic. Over the next 15 years, he wrote over 30 plays, acting in many of them, while in the meantime
managing his own theater company. On February 17, 1673,Molière died of tuberculosis (肺结核) contracted years
earlier after a performance.
33 ．What did Molière’s father want him to do
A ．Be an actor. B ．Adopt a new name.
C ．Runa theater company. D ．Follow in his father’s footsteps.
34 ．What most probably made Molière leave Paris
A ．His financial problem. B ．Tiredness of acting.
C ．His failure as an actor. D ．Terible relationship with his colleagues.
35 ．What features most of Molière’s plays
A ．Social harmony. B ．Artistic skills.
C ．The fancy court life. D ．The ugliness of the upper-class.
36 ．Which of the following best describes Moliere
A ．Talented and caring.
C ．Determined and devoted.
B ．Kind and enthusiastic.
D ．Ambitious and generous.
(
Passage
10
)
（2023·湖南 · 校联考三模） I woke to the sound of birds outside my window and lay in bed, going over the
busy day ahead of me. Finally, I got up and attempted to switch on the light — nothing happened. I checked my
phone. No Wi-Fi, no data. With our unstable cell service, there was no way of knowing if we had received alerts fbr
a power failure. I grabbed a sweater, went downstairs, found a flashlight and a match to light the gas stove, and
then boiled water to brew coffee. Outside the window, the falling snow obscured (遮蔽) the sunrise. Deep piles of
snow covered the road.
My work meetings and deadlines, my sons’ classes and tests, my husband’s plans — everything would have to wait. Why does this happen today of all days “ I asked. Thankfully, the wood stove was still going strong. I took a
deep breath. I supposed we had everything we needed.
The house was quiet as I sipped my coffee and cuddled (搂抱) our dog. One by one, my husband and sons
came downstairs and complained about the turn the day had taken.
I opened the curtains to let light in. We gathered around the table and had cereal. After breakfast, my husband played a game of solitaire. Then my sons joined him in building a house of cards that reached three levels until our cat jumped up to investigate and knocked it down. We played a round of Scrabble and had my favorite snow day
lunch: grilled cheese and tomato soup.
Then we took a long walk in the woods behind our house, walking along the stream. We spotted deer tracks and played in the snow that was coming down in big fluffy flakes. When we returned, all the clocks in the house
were blinking. I started to make dinner, happy to have things back to normal — even better than normal.
It was a day that began without electricity, cut off from the rest of the world, and ended with hot chocolate and
power restored. We were recharged by the unexpected gift of a day together.
37 ．What did the author find when she woke up
A ．Heavy snow trapped the family in the house.
B ．The electricity supply had been cut off.
C ．It was still early for breakfast.
D ．Her phone wouldn’t be turned on.
38 ．What was the direct impact of the power cut on the author’s family
A ．Their arrangements were upset.
B ．They had to serve themselves with simple meals.
C ．The family encountered a shortage of supplies.
D ．Everyone was angry about this unexpected event.
39 ．Why did the author describe their family activities on that day
A ．To pave the way for her insight.
B ．To present the daily life of the family.
C ．To show the close family relationship.
D ．To create a lighthearted atmosphere.
40 ．What did that day mean to the author
A ．It was a temporary disaster.
B ．It was a day full of exciting adventures.
C ．It was a lovely day of family togetherness.
D ．It was a rare moment of leisure and freedom.
(
Passage
11
)
（2023·江苏南京 · 统考二模） “Dana, how are you feeling today ” I ask, my eyes clocking her dirty uniform,
and the dark circles under her eyes.
“OK,” Dana mumbles(嘟囔).
“Have you eaten today ”
She nods. Another lie.
“Can I get you anything ” But what could I possibly get her A bedroom of her own A family with love
“No, thanks.”
Repeated absence from school recently. She has worn out teachers’ patience. But I don’t want to send her back to class. What use is it knowing all the square numbers and all the grammatical rules when she has to work out how
to wash, cook and decide between feeding herself or her younger sister
“A biscuit ” I offer. It works and Dana takes the biscuit I hand her.
I remember the first time I met Dana, the day after she locked herself in the house when her mum abandoned
the family. I remember thinking how young she was to have built such a high wall around herself and how on earth
I could possibly break through. As a social worker, it is my job to knock down such walls no matter how.
I know it would take more than a biscuit to ease out one of her bricks. But I will try.
“How are you feeling ” I push slightly, hoping the biscuit might have softened her.
“OK,” she shrugs(耸肩). I’m about to change topics when her eyes rest on my arm.
“How does that feel, Mia ” Dana stares at me. The sleeve(袖子) of my blouse has rolled up, evidence of how
deep I had put it into the biscuit can. A deep scar(伤疤) along my arm is obvious against my fair skin.
I roll my sleeve back down, “It’s from a fire. It hurt. But everything will be OK when you think it’s OK.”
Dana pauses(停顿) and picks up another biscuit. In that instant, I know something has changed in the room
and we might actually be OK.
1 ．Why is Dana often absent from school
A ．Because she is slow at schoolwork. B ．Because she is struggling with life.
C ．Because she locks herself at home. D ．Because she desires Mia’s attention.
2 ．What do we know about Mia
A ．She is eager to remove her scar. B ．She is a demanding social worker.
C ．She awakens Dana’s hope for future. D ．She improves kid-parent relationship.
3 ．What does the ending of the text imply
A ．Mia gains a better understanding of Dana. B ．The room is full of happiness and harmony.
C ．Troubled teens require famil2024届高考高三英语复习—— 阅读理解记叙文
1. 三年真题记叙文考点细目表
时间 卷次 主题语境 字数 题型分类
2023 年 新高考 I 卷 人与自然：生态机器净化污水 340+134 2 个细节理解题 2 个推理判断题
新高考II 卷 人与社会：Urban Sprouts 花园项目帮 助学生通过体验乡村生活。 273 +126 1 个细节理解题 2 个推理判断题 1 个主旨大意题
全国甲卷 人与自然：DIY 高手 Terri Boltonis 的 技能 277+137 2 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题 1 个词义猜测题
全国乙卷 人与社会：风景摄影师 312+147 1 个细节理解题 3 个推理判断题
北京卷 人与自我：作者职业成功的经历 385+115 1 个细节理解题 3 个推理判断题
浙江卷 人与自我：作者如何在家庭中过零浪 费的生活方式 350 +157 2 个推理判断题 1 个主旨大意题 1 个词义猜测题
天津卷
2022 年 新高考 I 卷 / / /
新高考II 卷 人与社会：孙子把儿童读物当成平板 电脑 326+130 3 个细节理解题 1 个词义猜测题
全国甲卷 人与社会：Ginni Balinton 往南极洲的 旅程 305+118 2 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题 1 个词义猜测题
全国乙卷 / / /
北京卷 人与社会：参加保护自然活动治愈好 348 +124 3 个细节理解题
了焦虑 1 个推理判断题
浙江卷 1）人与自我：工作让作者接受真实世 界的多样性 2）人与自我： Merebeth 从事的新工作 1）.329+99 2）352+110 1.）1 个细节理解题 2 个推理判断题 2）2 个推理判断题 1 个词义猜测题
天津卷 人与自我：获得自尊就要首先学会接 受自己本来的面目 410+187 2 个细节理解题 2 个推理判断题 1 个主旨大意题
2021 年 新高考 I 卷 人与自我：钢琴演奏者做翻页师 324 +106 3 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题
新高考II 卷 1）人与社会：照顾两只老虎幼崽 2）人与社会：奖金帮助别人 317 +120 272+115 1）2 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题 1 个词义猜测题 2）2 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题 1 个主旨大意题
全国甲卷 人与自我：适应伦敦新生活 334 +139 3 个推理判断题 1 个词义猜测题
全国乙卷 / / /
北京卷 人与自我：第一印象不总是可信 379+155 3 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题。
浙 江 卷 6 月卷 1. 人与自我：Leslie Nielsen 的演艺生 涯 2. 人与自我：拍摄自己的旅行 279 +116 314+130 2 个细节理解题 1 个推理判断题； 2 个细节理解题 1 个主旨大意题
浙江卷 1 月 卷 人与社会：走失孩子长大之后找回家 人 347+125 3 个细节理解题
天津卷（第 一次）
天津卷（第 人与自我：爱写作并制定计划一直坚 持下来 380+226 3 个细节理解题 2 个推理判断题
二次）
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
纵观近三年高考试卷，通常一套卷有一篇记叙文，个别试卷选用两篇记叙文。所选的记叙文多以第一 人称或第三人称为主，讲述一个短小精悍、有教育意义的故事，有时也会选用生活中的轶闻趣事。所讲述 的故事题材丰富多样 、 富有生活气息 ， 多按时间顺序叙述 ， 偶尔也会有倒叙或插叙的
情形。
从语言与结构特点上看，英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点或过程。其特点是： 主题往往隐藏在字里行间，没有直接地表达出来；文章主旨要通过人物、事件来进行提炼；文章大多按时 间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内
容，从整体上把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及文章的情感主线。
从命题上看，记叙文阅读理解以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，以观点态度题、写作意图题、词义猜 测题和代词指代题为辅，难度总体上属于中等程度。记叙文阅读理解题要求考生能理清记叙的顺序与所讲
故事的情节，能准确把握人物的情感态度和作者的写作目的。
【备考策略】
1. 在做阅读理解题时，首先要通读全文，弄清六要素和记叙的顺序，特别要注意文章中提到的多个
时间、地点和人物，理清事件的起因、经过和结果；
2. 然后阅读题干，在文章中查找相关的信息；最后根据查找到的相关信息作出正确的选择。如果文
中所涉及的人物较多，还要弄清人物之间的关系。
3. 一般故事性记叙文，通读全文，了解故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；寓言哲理类记叙文，要理 解故事所蕴含的哲理意义，尤其关注故事结尾的升华；逸闻趣事，人物传记类记叙文，要体会对话的风格，
感受故事的精髓。
【命题预测】
从近三年命题的发展趋势来看， 预测 2024 年高考记叙文阅读理解试题难度会保持相对稳定， 但会继续
考查细节理解题、推理判断题主旨大意题和词义猜测题等题型。
考点一 细节理解题
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信
息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我
们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
常见的命题方式通常有：
1.特殊疑问句形式。以 when, where, what, which, who, how much/many 等疑问词开头引出的问题；
2. 以 According to… 开头提问方式；
3. 少数试题以填空题的形式，如：
（1）To avoid attracting mountain lions, people are advised .
（2）By the first sentence of the passage author means that .
（3）It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on .
（4）If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life will be, you may visit .
（5）The policemen were told “to look the other way” (the underlined part in Paragraph 2) so that .
（6）The policeman who said “Good evening” to Rolls wanted to .
[正确选项特征]
1 ．同义替换。替换关键词， 如把 lose one's job 换成了 be out of work；变换词性， 如把 important 变换成
of importance；改变语态，如主动语态变成被动语态。
2 ．信息归纳。用精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。
3 ．正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。
[干扰选项特征]
1 ．张冠李戴。是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。
2 ．无中生有。符合常识，但不是文章的内容。
3 ．曲解文义。与原文极其相似，在细节处有变动。
4 ．颠倒是非。在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至相反。
5 ．正误参半。部分正确，部分错误。
一1、直接信息题
【2023 年北京卷】Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…”and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had
felt like the answer I had spent years looking for.
I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road
for my science career.
So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme,
invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab.
What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.
...
25. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to .
A. criticise the review process B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert
C. apply to the original project again D. put his heart and soul into the lab work
【答案】D
【25 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I
was going to give it my all. ”可知，与德文教授交谈后，作者决定全心全意地投入实验室工作。故选 D。
（2023·河南 · 校联考模拟预测 ）As a child, I never considered myself an athlete at all as I was very uncoordinated (不协调的). However, I did love to run because I felt as if I were flying. But this all changed two years ago when I suffered a knee injury. I was bedridden (卧床不起的) for two weeks and I had a difficult time
moving even short distances. I literally cried myself on my way to the car for a few days.
When therapy wasn’t working well for me, I signed up for a hot yoga class for girls, Bikram Yoga, to be exact. Starting a yoga practice was truly a godsend (天赐之物) because it helped me gain strength in my knees but, most
importantly, yoga helped me attain a more peaceful state of mind, body and spirit.
Since each class was heated to 105℉, every time I stepped foot in the yoga studio, I’d feel a surge of negative thoughts come upon me like a big ocean wave. Some of these thoughts were, at the beginning of my practice, so strong that I walked out of the class several times. However, as the months passed by, I noticed that when I wasn’t
disturbed by my negative thoughts, I could stay in the hot room for longer.
After 3-4 months of practicing hot yoga, I made some progress. I also woke up with so much more energy than
I had before starting my yoga practice and I gradually started losing weight from my body. Yoga literally made me feel as if I’d taken a bottle of energy drink and just gave me the burst that helped my knee heal and made my
overall health better.
As I saw some of my classmates do poses that looked appealing to me, I started to think maybe I could do them too. Therefore, yoga helped show me that I had no real limitations physically unless I set those limitations
myself through eating junk food and thinking in negative limiting terms.
Also, practicing yoga in front of a mirror helped me have more confidence and practicing with a group of people really helped me to feel a greater sense of connection with humanity (人道). Overall, this yoga practice has
helped me to see I’m part of a bigger picture in life!
21 ．Why did the author decide to attend a yoga class
A ．Her injury wasn’t so serious. B ．The treatment was of little use.
C ．She attempted to have a charming figure.D ．Her parents asked her to have a try there.
24 ．What inspired the author to think she could do well in yoga
A ．She had completely recovered from her knee injury.
B ．She was helped by her trainer with much patience.
C ．She was attracted by her classmates’ yoga poses.
D ．She fully understood the theory of yoga.
【答案】21 ．B 24 ．C
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When therapy wasn’t working well for me, I signed up for a hot yoga class for girls.(当治疗对我不起作用时，我报名参加了一个女生热瑜伽班。 )”可知，作者决定参加一个瑜伽班是因为
治疗没有多大作用。故选 B。
24 ．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“As I saw some of my classmates do poses that looked appealing to me, I started to think maybe I could do them too.(当我看到我的一些同学做的姿势看起来很吸引我时， 我开始想也许 我也可以这样做。)”可知， 她被同学们的瑜伽姿势所吸引， 这激发了作者认为她可以在瑜伽上做得很好。故
选 C。
二、间接信息题
1.【2023 年全国甲卷 B 篇片段】
Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a
room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
做题步骤：
Step 1 圈定题干关键词： 5 a day
Step 2 定位信息源：根据本段最后一句“ “So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out. ”可知， Terri 是通过粉饰房间， 让它看起来像以前一样， 来避
免被扣除租房的押金的。
Step 3 得出答案： A
细节理解题正确答案的选项通常不是文中的原话，而是使用与文中词语同义或近义的词汇来表达，这 增加了题目的难点，需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义的转换，将确定的文章信息进行加工，然后 进行进一步的辨别。上题中正确选项中的“Bymakingit looklike before”与文中“tocoverupholesandrepaint a roomtoavoidanycharges” 匹配。
2. (2023·全国乙卷 ·B 片段) One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz(石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route（路线） so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful geeing lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my
best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
26. What can we infer from the author trip with friends to Devil’s Lake
A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.
B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.
C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected.
D. They had problems with their equipment.
做题步骤：
Step 1 圈定题干关键词： trip with friends to Devil’s Lake
Step 2 定位信息源：根据第四段““However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing
the sunset entirely.”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。
Step 3 得出答案： C
[技巧点拨]
从文章中找到包含所需信息的段落， 迅速确定关键词所在的句子(句群)，然后重点解读。对于离散的细
节理解或数字运算题，需要先找到与之相关的事实或数据，然后再进行简单分析及相应整合。
1.（2023·福建厦门 · 统考三模）Dressed in a shiny metallic suit, Katia Krafft’s small frame is overshadowed by the red curtain of molten rock that bursts from the ground before her. The dramatic moment was captured (捕捉) in a photo taken atop Iceland’s Krafla volcano in 1984, during the final breathing of a multi-year-long eruption. Looking at the image, one can almost feel the volcano’s heat, hear its roar, and sense Krafft’s heart pounding as the
volcanologist does what she loves most: bearing witness to our planet’s strong anger.
Katia Krafft was a fearless pioneer in volcanology, studying the explosive peaks at a time when there were few women in the field. She was born in the Rhine valley of northeast France in 1942, curing the height of World War II. The chaotic human world drove both Katia and her husband, Maurice Krafft, also a volcanologist, to seek comfort in nature. The moment a volcano exploded, they dropped everything to analyze and capture the beauty and
mystery of each event.
The Kraffts used their videos of explosive eruptions to explain the complex risks and uncertainties of these disasters. It changed the ability to communicate volcano science. Their videos are credited as one of the primary reasons that officials in the Philippines took the warning signs of Mount Pinatubo’s eruption in 1991 seriously. Yet the Kraffs didn’t live to see that eruption. The couple died less than two weeks earlier in Japan during a monstrous
eruption, which claimed 41 other lives.
Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far beyond her death and has encouraged many young women to
study our restless planet. “Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job,” says Carla Tiraboschi, a
postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster, Germany. Tiraboschi first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and has been crazy about volcanoes ever since. She now studies the processes at
work deep below the volcanic peaks.
2 ．What can we know about the videos of explosive eruptions
A ．They prevented a natural disaster. B ．They served as a warning in Japan.
C ．They helped spread volcano science. D ．They covered Mount Pinatubo’s eruption.
3 ．How did Katia influence Carla Tiraboschi
A ．Katia’s death made her restless. B ．Katia helped her with her research.
C ．Katia’s deeds inspired her career choice. D ．Katia taught her to make a documentary.
【答案】 2 ．C 3 ．C
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The Kraffts used their videos of explosive eruptions to explain the complex risks and uncertainties of these disasters. It changed the ability to communicate volcano science. Their videos are credited as one of the primary reasons that officials in the Philippines took the warning signs of Mount Pinatubo’s eruption in 1991 seriously. (Krafft 夫妇用他们拍摄的火山爆炸性喷发视频来解释这些灾难的复杂风险和不确定性。它改 变了火山科学交流的能力。他们的视频被认为是菲律宾官员认真对待 1991 年皮纳图博火山喷发警告信号的 主要原因之一。)”可知， Krafft 夫妇用拍摄的火山爆炸性喷发视频解释这些灾难的复杂风险和不确定性， 帮
助传播火山的科学知识。故选 C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far beyond her death and has encouraged many young women to study our restless planet. “Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job,” says
Carla Tiraboschi, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster, Germany. Tiraboschi first saw Katia in a
documentary when she was just six or seven years old and has been crazy about volcanoes ever since. She now
studies the processes at work deep below the volcanic peaks.( Katia 对火山学的影响远远超出了她的死亡，并鼓 励许多年轻女性研究我们这个不安分的星球。德国明斯特大学的博士后研究员 Carla Tiraboschi 说： “Katia Krafft 肯定是我从事这项工作的原因。 ”Carla Tiraboschi 第一次见到 Katia 是在一部纪录片中， 当时她只有六 七岁，从那以后就一直对火山着迷。她现在研究火山峰深处的工作过程。 )”可知， Carla Tiraboschi 受 Katia
Krafft 的事迹的鼓舞，选择从事火山研究。故选 C。
2.（2023·陕西宝鸡 · 统考二模）When I was younger, I had been a top student with a strong desire to attend a top university. But things started to go downhill for me in high school after my parents divorced. Torn between
wanting to be with my mother, who moved to Canada alone with no support, and with my beloved aging
grandfather in Pakistan, I moved back and forth, struggling with my studies. I barely graduated from high school
and entered an ordinary college, feeling that I had already failed.
I got discouraged, and began to suffer from severe depression. The death of my grandfather was the final
straw. With no real hope for the future, I dropped out and returned to my mother and sisters in Canada.
Then I was riding with a trucking company to help support my mother and sisters. During those long hours on the road, my grandfather’s last words came back to me: “Please accept the challenges of life and work harder. It is now or never. I hope you will never disappoint us.” With his words ringing in my ears, I discovered a newfound
resolve. My path suddenly became clear: I had to finish what I had started and go back to school.
To get back on track, I needed to take a full course load while continuing to work enough part-time hours to help pay the bills. After graduating from high school again, I began university engineering cooperation program, in which I worked as a paid intern (实习生) every other term, allowing me to keep my student loans in check. At the same time, I tried my best to focus on my studies. After completing my university, I went on to a master’s and now
a PhD, wining several research awards along the way.
My path to this point has made one thing clear: Never fear failure. I hope I have made my grandfather proud.
5 ．Which of the following can best describe the author’s life in his first high school
A ．Struggling. B ．Ordinary. C ．Fruitful. D ．Boring.
6 ．Why did the author drop out of college
A ．He had a big family to support. B ．He had to get a well-paid job.
C ．He felt hopeless about the future. D ．He fought with his classmate.
7 ．How did the author get the idea of returning to school
A ．He was laughed at by his mother and sisters. B ．He was encouraged to win research awards.
C ．He was motivated by his grandfather s words. D ．He was forced to acquire more skills at work.
【答案】5 ．A 6 ．C 7 ．C
5．细节理解题。根据第一But things started to go downhill for me in high school after my parents divorced. Torn
between wanting to be with my mother, who moved to Canada alone with no support, and with my beloved aging
grandfather in Pakistan, I moved back and forth, struggling with my studies. (但在我的父母离婚后，我的高中生 活开始走下坡路。我想和母亲在一起，她独自一人搬到了加拿大，没有人支持她；我又想和我深爱的、年
迈的祖父在巴基斯坦。我来回奔波，努力学习)”可知，作者的第一段高中生活纠结而挣扎。故选 A。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段“With no real hope for the future, I dropped out and returned to my mother and sisters in Canada. (由于对未来没有真正的希望， 我退学了， 回到了加拿大的母亲和姐妹们身边)”可知， 作者对未来
无望，因而退学。故选 C。
7 ．细节理解题。根据第三段“During those long hours on the road, my grandfather’s last words came back to me: “Please accept the challenges of life and work harder. It is now or never. I hope you will never disappoint us.” With his words ringing in my ears, I discovered a newfound resolve. My path suddenly became clear: I had to finish what I had started and go back to school. (在漫长的旅途中，我想起了祖父的最后一句话： “请接受生活的挑战，更 加努力地工作。 ”机不可失， 时不再来。我希望你永远不会让我们失望。 ”他的话在我耳边回响， 我有了新的 决心。我的道路突然变得清晰起来:我必须完成我已经开始的事情，回到学校)”可知，爷爷临终前的话激励
作者重返校园。故选 C。
考点二 主旨大意题
题型概述
主旨大意题即考查细节理解能力, 又考查深层次的推理、概括能力,难度较大。不仅考查考生略读文章、领 会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从
文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。
命题方式：
What is the text mainly about
What is the best title for the text
What can be a suitable title for the text
What's the first/second/third....paragraph mainly about
What's the main idea discussed in the first/second/.. paragraph
怎样理解段落及文章整体的主旨大意
——主题句定位法
文章是由段落组成的。段落是发展一个主题的一群句子，段落围绕着中心思想展开，而段落的中心思 想又是为文章整体的中心思想服务的。寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每小 段的主题句，通过主题句找出文章的主题。找准文章的主题句是确定文章主旨大意的关键。主题是文章要
表达的中心思想， 文章的主题句通常都有一个话题， 它是文章的核心。 “主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方
法。
但是由于文章的不同，表现的手法也各有不同，主题句出现的位置也不是一成不变的。在许多情况下， 尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。主 题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。 因此， 仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法(skimming)，浏览时， 一
般不需逐句细读，只选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：
1. 中心主题句出现在文首
开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见
的演绎法写作方式，即由一般到特殊，先提出观点，后举例论证，主题句则出现在段首的写作方法。
新闻报道通常就采用这种写法。新闻报道的首句通常称为“新闻导语”，“导语”实际上就是主题句， 是对
全文内容的高度概括。大意题、标题一般可在第一句话找到答题依据。
一、段落大意题
【2023 年全国乙卷 D 片段】If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently
even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. How past events should be presented. B. What humanity is concerned about.
C. Whether facts speak louder than words. D. Why written language is reliable.
[思维可视化]
Step 1 圈定题干关键词： first paragraph mainly about
Step 2 定位信息源：根据文章第一段“If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had
texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and
until fairly recently even many literate ( 有文字 的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in
things”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。
Step 3 得出答案： A
[技巧点拨]
方法 1：概括段落大意
要准确概括某段的大意，务必要知道该段的逻辑结构。如该段是按总分顺序组织，首句做总的说明， 其他句子对其进行具体论述，这种结构的主题句就在段首；如果按分总顺序组织，主题句就在段尾；如果 按分总分的顺序组织，则主题句就在这段话的中间；如果对比各事物，那么它们的共同点或不同点就是该
段大意。
方法 2：揣摩段落大意
有时，作者可能不直接写出主题句，而是通过各种方法暗示给读者，这就需要充分发挥读者的想象力
与判断力，揣摩段落大意。
1. （2023·安徽安庆 · 安庆一 中校考三模 ）Sagarika Sriram was 10 years old when she started reading newspaper stories about a planet in trouble, one of which was about turtles with plastic in their stomachs. Sagarika knew she needed to do something. First, she joined a group which organized cleanup campaigns in her home city, Dubai “The group helped me understand what an individual can do and how I can really make a difference,” she
says.
Then Sagarika created Kids for a Better World. It’s a digital platform which has brought together nearly
10,000 youths from all over the world with the goal to create a greener world.
Sagarika is now 16. She’s part of a growing number of young climate activists. “We’re the generation that is going to face the results if the climate crisis is not dealt with,” she says. She believes even individual actions can
create a “ripple effect”. Sagarika says this can build momentum and can move things in the right direction.
Kids for a Better World is for people aged 8 to 16. It teaches them about what they can do to reverse climate change. They can grow food, plant trees, collect recyclables and avoid using plastic bags. “This is the information
which can help change our future,” Sagarika says.
Dubai is a desert metropolis. Growing up there has made Sagarika very aware of the need for action. Her city faces the risk of rising temperatures and its water supply is shrinking. She believes young people can bring
attention to these environmental challenges.
Sagarika is all about small actions, but she has big plans. She’d like to go to college in California. While she’s there, she’ll continue being an activist. She’ll also be running Kids for a Better World. She hopes to inspire others to fight for a greener planet. Others have inspired her. “We’re creating our own system of inspirational
change-makers,” she says.
19 ．What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us
A ．What can help change our future. B ．What people should do at present.
C ．What Kids for a Better World does. D ．What courses are taught on the platform.
【答案】 19 ．C
19 ．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Kids for a Better World is for people aged 8 to 16. It teaches them about what they can do to reverse climate change. They can grow food, plant trees, collect recyclables and avoid using plastic bags. “This is the information which can help change our future,” Sagarika says.(“儿童为更美好世界”组织面向 8 至 16 岁的人。它教会他们可以做些什么来扭转气候变化。他们可以种植食物，种树，收集可回收物品，避免使 用塑料袋。 “这些信息可以帮助改变我们的未来， ”萨加里卡说)”可知，第四段主要告诉我们“儿童为更美好
世界”做了什么。故选 C 项。
2.（2023 春 · 黑龙江哈尔滨 · 高三哈九中校考期中） When she worked in banking, Irini Tzortzoglou’s idea of cooking was to pick up a ready meal from Marks &Spencer on her way home, and put it in the oven (烤箱). But now, since winning the BBC cooking competition Master Chef at the age of 60, with menus inspired by her
Greek heritage (遗产), food has become her life and new career.
She had not been overly interested in cooking, though as a child, food was an important part of her life. Tzortzoglou, 64, was born in Greece, where her grandparents’ house was always open, and her grandmother would
often be cooking for dozens of people. Tzortzoglou would help out: “I loved the smells. I loved the processes.”
Tzortzoglou felt very bored after retiring. Then one day her husband said, “Why don’t you try Master Chef
because you always love watching it.”
She was a reasonably good cook, who loved entertaining and could put together a decent dinner party menu but competing on the show demanded a whole new skill level. “I didn’t want to embarrass myself by leaving in
round one, so I trained myself for a year,” she said.
She put in time, effort and money. She went to Athens to see what was happening with Greek food today. She ate at Michelin-star restaurants to see what Greek Master Chef and the young chefs were doing. And then she
started practicing. She also started physical training because she could see how tough it was to run around the
kitchen while filming, or stand for hours.
Since her win, Tzortzoglou has become immersed in (沉浸于) Greek food, and has written a cookery book, Under the Olive Tree. “I don’t have free time, but I love it,” she said. “I feel like a child let loose in a sweet shop.”
35 ．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A ．Tzortzoglou’s love for Greek food. B ．Tzortzoglou’s effort to win the competition.
C ．Tzortzoglou’s desire to go back to Athens. D ．Tzortzoglou’s performance at the competition.
35 ．B
35 ．主旨大意题。根据第五自然段“She put in time, effort and money. She went to Athens to see what was happening with Greek food today. She ate at Michelin-star restaurants to see what Greek Master Chef and the young chefs were doing. And then she started practicing. She also started physical training because she could see how tough it was to run around the kitchen while filming, or stand for hours. (她投入了时间、精力和金钱。她去 了雅典，想看看今天希腊食物的情况。她在米其林星级餐厅用餐，看看希腊主厨和年轻的厨师们在做什么。 然后她开始练习。她还开始了体能训练，因为她可以看到在拍摄时在厨房里跑来跑去，或者站上几个小时
是多么困难。 )”可知，第 5 段的主要介绍了 Tzortzoglou 为赢得比赛所做的努力。故选 B。
二、文章大意题
【 2022 年全 国 甲卷 ·B 片段 】Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career(职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further
When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually
getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute
cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t
nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”
In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just
rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the
operatic sounds it was making underwater.”
The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit
home to Ginni.
31. What is the text mainly about
A. A childhood dream. B. An unforgettable experience.
C. Sailing around the world. D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.
[思维可视化]
Step 1 圈定题干关键词： mainly about
Step 2 定位信息源：根据第二段“Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71 has had a deep love for travel.(今 年 71 岁的吉妮从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了 71 岁的 Ginni Balinton 从小就 对旅行有着深深的热爱， 渴望探险， 不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后， 她开始周游世界， 并在 2008 年开始
了前往南极洲的旅程。由此可知， A childhood dream.(童年的梦想)能够概括文章主旨。
Step 3 得出答案： A
[技巧点拨]
3 个做法 4 个窍门，快速确定文章大意
一、文章是由段落组成的。段落的主题就是段落的中心思想，具体段落的中心思想又是为文章整体中
心思想服务的。理解整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在理解具体段落中心思想的基础上的。具体做法是：
1 ．找出每小段的主题句， 各段的主题句常在该段的首句或尾句， 各段主题句的整体归纳便是文章的中
心思想。
2 ．文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中，这就需要分步提炼，然后再进一步加工概括。
3 ．观察全文的结构安排，区别文章的“核心”和“支撑性细节”。核心是概括性的、理论性的；支撑性细
节是碎片化的、事例性的。事例是为理论性的“核心”服务的， “核心” 即是文章的主题。
二、用浏览法(skimming)，即快速阅读文首、文尾， 或每段的首句和尾句等， 搜索主题线索和主题信息
的方法可以快速找到主题句。以下是找主题句的四个小窍门：
1 ．段落中出现表示转折的词语(如 however ，but ，in fact ，actually 等)时，该句很可能是主题句。
2 ．首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。
3 ．作者有意识重复的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语， 一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。
4 ．表示总结或结论的句子常包含 therefore ，thus ，in short ，conclude ，conclusion 等。
1.（2023·湖南衡阳 · 衡阳市八中校考模拟预测）Before arriving in China, I had read lots of books about
China. Therefore, when I arrived, I was excited to be living in this huge historically and culturally rich country. It
was so greatly different from the UK. The food, the landmarks, the big cities and everyday life—I couldn’t wait to
explore.
However, learning Chinese hadn’t even entered my mind, not because I was lazy, but because I had no confidence to learn the most difficult language in the world. Besides this, once I moved to China, I lived in Shanghai. It is an international city, with many people speaking English as a second language. So I thought English
would be sufficient.
But after a year in China I found many expats(侨民) spoke Chinese. Perhaps it was achievable after all I felt uncomfortable because so many Chinese people could speak English while I couldn’t even speak the most basic Chinese. To face the challenge, I decided to begin my language journey and my only regret is that I didn’t start
earlier.
In the two years since starting to learn I have made great progress. Now, I am able to talk in Chinese on many topics. Learning to speak Chinese isn’t as difficult as I once expected. When I speak to Chinese people in Chinese, they almost always understand me. The most challenging thing is listening since Chinese people talk at such a speed. I can’t always understand what’s been said, but my weekly online language exchanges help with this. Learning Chinese has taken a lot of hard work. But there is still a long way to go before I reach my goal of fluency(流利). Learning Chinese not only helps me in day-to-day life, but deepens my cultural understanding of such a great country. So, to all my non-Chinese friends I say this, don’t be afraid, face the challenge and be
confident.
9 ．What did the writer do after arriving in China
A ．Read a lot of books about China. B ．Couldn’t wait to study Chinese.
C ．Tried to learn more about China. D ．Missed his life in his home of UK.
10 ．What does the underlined word “sufficient” probably mean
A ．Enough. B ．Important. C ．Necessary. D ．Possible.
11 ．Why does the writer think listening is the most challenging
A ．He has a hearing problem.
B ．Chinese people speak too fast.
C ．Chinese is the most difficult language.
D ．He doesn’t know much about many topics.
12 ．Which is the main idea of the text
A ．A new opinion in learning.
B ．Exploring the joy of learning Chinese.
C ．The writer’s journey of learning Chinese.
D ．The value of learning a new language.
【答案】 12 ．C
12 ．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Therefore, when I arrived, I was excited to be living in this huge
historically and culturally rich country. It was so greatly different from the UK. The food, the landmarks, the big
cities and everyday life—I couldn’t wait to explore.(因此，当我到达时，我很兴奋能够生活在这个巨大的历史 和文化丰富的国家。它是如此不同于英国。食物、地标、大城市和日常生活——我迫不及待地想去探索。)”
和最后一段中“Learning Chinese not only helps me in day-to-day life, but deepens my cultural understanding of
such a great country. So, to all my non-Chinese friends I say this, don’t be afraid, face the challenge and be
confident.(学习汉语不仅有助于我的日常生活，而且加深了我对这样一个伟大国家的文化理解。所以，我要 对所有的非中国朋友说， 不要害怕， 面对挑战， 要有信心。)”可知， 文章主要讲述了作者在中国学习中文的
经历，故选 C。
2.（2023·河北衡水·衡水市第二中学校考三模）On November 11, a woman from the United Kingdom set out to explore Antarctica, in an attempt to become the first female explorer to cross the continent alone and
unsupported.
Preet Chandi aims to cover more than 1,100 miles in a journey that will likely take 70 to 75 days. Pulling all her supplies on a sled( 雪橇) called a pulk, which weighed more than 250 pounds at the start of her journey, the
33-year-old will battle temperatures of minus 58 degrees Fahrenheit and wind speeds up to 60 miles per hour.
Chandi—also called“Polar Preet”—set a record last year as the first woman of color to complete an unsupported expedition(探险) to the South Pole. She finished the journey in 40 days—just two days longer than
Joanna Davidson of Sweden, who holds the female world record.
“A lot of people tell me I don’t look like a polar explorer,”Chandi told BBC News’ Sandish Shoker last year before the trek. “It’s considered out of the norm for an Asian woman to do this—it’s different. And that’s part of
the reason why I wanted to do this—for people who don’t fit a certain image.”
Chandi grew up in an Indian Sikh community in England and joined the Army Reserve at age 19. In 2012, she
graduated from college, becoming the first in her family to earn a degree.
After running her first half-marathon at 20 years old, Chandi’s appetite for greater challenges started to grow.
She has been on hiking and climbing trips across the world, including in Kenya, Morocco, Mexico, Peru, Iceland and Nepal. Earlier this year, she completed the Marathon des Sables, a week-long, 156-mile ultramarathon in the
Sahara Desert.
She currently serves in the British Army, organizing training for injured soldiers.
“We are extremely proud to have such a remarkable ambassador, “the General Staff Sharon Nesmith says. ”Captain Chandi has the qualities we seek of all who serve—courage, commitment and the desire to be the
best we can be. ”
16 ．What is the text mainly about
A ．Setting a world record. B ．Challenging oneself.
C ．Travelling around the world. D ．Seeking a suitable ambassador.
【答案】 16 ．B
16 ．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“On November 11, a woman from the United Kingdom set out to explore
Antarctica, in an attempt to become the first female explorer to cross the continent alone and unsupported.(11 月 11 日， 一名来自英国的女子开始探索南极洲，她试图成为第一位独自一人在没有支持的情况下穿越南极洲的
女性探险家。 )”以及第四段““A lot of people tell me I don’t look like a polar explorer,”Chandi told BBC News’
Sandish Shoker last year before the trek. “It’s considered out of the norm for an Asian woman to do this—it’s
different. And that’s part of the reason why I wanted to do this—for people who don’t fit a certain image.”(“很多人 告诉我， 我看起来不像一个极地探险家， ”Chandi 去年在徒步旅行之前告诉 BBC 新闻的 Sandish Shoker。亚 洲女性这样做被认为是不正常的——这是不一样的。这也是我想做这件事的部分原因——为了那些不符合 特定形象的人。 ”)”以及全文内容可知， 文章主要讲述的是 Chandi 不断挑战自我， 创造新纪录的故事。故选
B。
(
三、标题归纳题
)
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷 B 片段】
Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and
healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food
restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of
soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though
some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as
soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a
year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say
they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that
they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,”
she says, “and they feel successful.”
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape
[思维可视化]
Step 1 圈定题干关键词：
Step 2 定位信息源：根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学 生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。 )”以及下文内容可知， 文章主要讲述了 Abby Jaramillo 等老 师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的 Urban Sprouts 花园项目，让学生
体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。
Step 3 得出答案： B
[技巧点拨]
理解标题的三大特点，巧用三大方法确定文章标题。
一个好的标题应具备三大特点：
1 ．概括——准确而又简短；
2 ．针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；
3 ．醒目—— 能引发读者的阅读欲望。
因此有必要掌握以下三大方法：
1 ．正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨；
2 ．反面否定法：撇开原文，拿各个备选项去设想用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原文章
对照， 一一排除不符选项；
3 ．研读备选项本身：研读备选项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、概括性等。
1.（2023·湖南长沙 · 长沙一中校考二模）It’s eight o’ clock on Christmas morning, and Uncle Tom says he wants to listen to the news. I am wondering why on earth grownups would be interested in the news when there are important things to be done, such as handing out presents. And then, while I am only half-listening to the radio broadcast, something surprising happens: The boring newsreader begins talking about a Christmas message from the Vatican. Hadn’t we heard that report earlier My older brother, Colin, figures out what’s happening. “Pete,
Pete, it’s a tape recorder! We’ve got our tape recorder!”
Colin and I had both been blind from birth. At the special boarding school in Worcester in western England that Colin and I attended, a tape recorder of your own was the height of aspiration. However, Colin—better informed and more realistic about family finances than I was—had no real expectations of getting one. I realized,
much later, that the tape recorder my father had bought us would have cost more than four times his weekly wage.
The new toy, the size of a small suitcase, dominated the rest of the Christmas holidays. I took my first steps down the path to my career as a broadcaster when I returned to school after the holidays. I would wander round the school with my microphone, recording my thoughts in the style of the voices I heard on the radio. But ten years later, after I had started and abandoned a university law course, I drew on the confidence and walked into a BBC radio station, in the hope of selling myself as a broadcast journalist. A producer at the radio station who was putting
together a weekly program for blind people had seen me. He later phoned me and informed I was admitted.
Twenty-five years later, I presented my first report for BBC TV’s Six O’Clock News, a program my father had
never missed. Although by then he’d been dead for more than a decade, I like to think he’d have realized that his
inspiring Christmas present had changed my life.
4 ．What’s the best title for this text
A ．Unusual Gift, United Family B ．Warm Christmas, Wise Uncle
C ．Silent Love, Sound Influence D ．Prepared Mind. Promising Job
【答案】4 ．C
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中“The new toy, the size of a small suitcase, dominated the rest of the
Christmas holidays. I took my first steps down the path to my career as a broadcaster when I returned to school
after the holidays. I would wander round the school with my microphone, recording my thoughts in the style of the
voices I heard on the radio. But ten years later, after I had started and abandoned a university law course, I drew on the confidence and walked into a BBC radio station, in the hope of selling myself as a broadcast journalist.(这个小 手提箱大小的新玩具在圣诞节假期的其余时间里占据了主导地位。假期结束回到学校后，我踏上了成为一 名广播员的第一步。我会拿着麦克风在学校里走来走去，用我在收音机里听到的声音的方式记录我的想法。 但十年后， 在我开始学习并放弃了一门大学法律课程后， 我利用这份自信走进了 BBC 广播电台， 希望以广 播记者的身份推销自己。)”可知， 本文讲述了一对盲人兄弟收到了一个录音机作为圣诞礼物， 从而影响了作
者一生的故事。 C 项“无声的爱，声音的影响”适合作文章标题，故选 C。
2.（2023·重庆 · 重庆南开中学校考三模） Tyra Peralte thought keeping a diary during the pandemic (流行病) might help her sort out her messy feelings. In April 2020, the mother of two in Montclair, NewJersey, started
writing frankly about the challenges of work, marriage and motherhood during a global crisis.
Peralte wanted to know how other women were doing. So she made an unusual offer. She invited women from near and far to fill the remaining lined pages of her black -and-white marbled composition notebook with their own
pandemic tales. She named the project The Travelling Diary.
“I wanted an interaction that felt human,” Peralte says, “and it feels very human to read someone else’s writing.” She found her first contributor during a conference for entrepreneurs. When she mentioned the diary, a
woman in North Carolina immediately said she would like to write in it.
From there, Peralte posted an article about her idea on Medium in an effort to get more women involved. So many wanted to participate that Peralte decided to create a website for people to add their names to the queue. She came up with a system: Each person gets to keep the diary for three days and fill as many pages as she wishes. Then she is responsible for mailing it to the next person, whose address Peralte provides. Each participant fills the
pages with her own handwriting, and sometimes her own artwork, sharing her stories.
So far, more than 2,000 women from 30 countries have participated, some as far away as South Africa and Australia. Of course, not all those entries could fit in just one journal. More than 50 of these notebooks are currently in circulation (流通), and about 20 completed ones are back in Peralte’s possession, including the original
diary with her first entry, about navigating pandemic life and reconnecting with family.
“It is beautiful to have it again and to read it,” she says. “I carry these stories with me on a daily basis.”
8 ．Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A ．Women’s Diaries B ．The Travelling Diary
C ．Women, Story-tellers D ．Peralte, a Creative Woman
【答案】8 ．B
8 ．主旨大意题。 通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了 The Travelling Diary 这个项目创办的起因、经过和运作
模式。由出可推知， B 选项“The Travelling Diary”符合主旨大意，适合做标题，故选 B。
(
过关检测
)
(
Passage
1
)
（2023·江苏南通 · 统考三模） Ken Campbell had last attempted running at high school. When his wife, Susan, injured her foot, she needed support to rejoin her running group, so Campbell went along to keep her company and share in the recovery. “We were just walking at the beginning,” he says. “And I was heavy. I weighed over 90kg.”
But as the weeks and months passed, the weight fell away, Susan recovered — and Campbell’s abilities grew. At
the age of 63, he ran 50km, and at 70, he ran through the night to complete a 100km ultramarathon.
So how does someone with no sporting precedent (先例) become an ultradistance runner in his 60s and 70s
Susan had run marathons before her injury. But for Campbell, the turning point came when Susan’s Fleet Feet
running group took to the trails in the Sierra Nevada foothills near their home in Citrus Heights, California.
Campbell went out to visit Susan’s group, and “the trails were a terrible mess. It had been raining. And I was running in my road shoes. Slipping and sliding and falling. And I was struggling. I thought, well, I like this a lot but
I could do better.”
What he liked above all was the feeling of “being enveloped by the trail, being embraced by the closeness of the vegetation and the nearness of the river. I was walking where Native people had walked for thousands of years
and where miners had walked on their way to gold.”
Running the 100km ultramarathon took Campbell 16 hours. When Campbell crossed the fish line at 3am,
Susan handed him a 100km sticker to display on the back of his truck. He already had a 50km one on there. “It is a
public proclamation (声明) that you are part of this community,” he says. “Wherever we park, I see a line of
vehicles with their various stickers and I feel that we area tribe (部落).”
Campbell suffered arthritis before he started running, and is “a candidate for knee replacement”. But for now,
he is holding off on surgery. It could put an end to the running — but the “sense of wellbeing and accomplishment
will carry me on forever”, he says. “If I can’t run, I will walk.”
1 ．What enabled Campbell to take up running again
A ．He lost weight. B ．He trained overnight.
C ．His wife accompanied him. D ．His wife shared her experience.
2 ．What did Campbell discover while keeping his wife company on a tail run
A ．The joy of being out in the wild. B ．The hardships of Native people.
C ．The pleasure of gold mining. D ．The mysteries of nature.
3 ．What did the stickers on the back of Campbell’s truck bring him
A ．A discount on parking. B ．A sense of belonging.
C ．An enormous income. D ．An honour to his wife.
4 ．What can we learn about Campbell from the text
A ．He’s a determined man. B ．He’s a people-pleaser.
C ．He is easy to content. D ．He is hard to cope with.
【答案】 1 ．A 2 ．A 3 ．B 4 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是 Ken Campbell 在妻子受伤恢复期间帮助其能重新加入跑步
小组时，提高了跑步的能力并开始跑马拉松的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的““And I was heavy. I weighed over 90kg.” But as the weeks and months passed, the weight fell away, Susan recovered — and Campbell’s abilities grew.(“我很重。我体重超过90 公斤。 ”但几周、
几个月过去了，体重减轻了，苏珊恢复了健康，坎贝尔的能力也增强了)”可知，在陪妻子受伤恢复期间，
Campbell 减了肥，增加了跑步的能力。故选 A 项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Campbell went out to visit Susan’s group, and “the trails were a terrible mess. It
had been raining. And I was running in my road shoes. Slipping and sliding and falling. And I was struggling. I
thought, well, I like this a lot but I could do better.”(坎贝尔去拜访苏珊的旅行团， “小径上一片狼藉。天一直在 下雨。我穿着我的路鞋跑步。滑，滑，掉。我很挣扎。我想，嗯，我很喜欢这个，但我可以做得更好。 ”)” 以及第四段中的“What he liked above all was the feeling of “being enveloped by the trail, being embraced by the closeness of the vegetation and the nearness of the river.(他最喜欢的是那种“被小径包围，被茂密的植被和河流 所拥抱” 的感觉)”可知，在陪伴她妻子在小路上跑步时，他很喜欢小路上的那种感觉。由此推知， Campbell
找到了在野外的那种快乐。故选 A 项。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的““It is a public proclamation (声明) that you are part of this community,” he
says. “Wherever we park, I see a line of vehicles with their various stickers and I feel that we area tribe (部
落).”(“这是一个公开的宣言， 表明你是这个社区的一部分， ”他说。 “无论我们在哪里停车， 我都会看到一排 贴着各种贴纸的车辆，我觉得我们是部落。”)”可知，无论 Campbell 走到哪里，看到这些带有贴纸的车辆，
就会感觉到他们的部落。由此可知，见到这些贴纸， Campbell 有一种归属感。故选 B 项。
4 ．推理判断题。根据尾段“Campbell suffered arthritis before he started running, and is “a candidate for knee
replacement”. But for now, he is holding off on surgery. It could put an end to the running ― but the “sense of
wellbeing and accomplishment will carry me on forever”, he says. “If I can’t run, I will walk.”(坎贝尔在开始跑步 之前患有关节炎，是“膝关节置换术的候选人” 。但现在，他推迟了手术。他说，这可能会结束跑步，但“幸 福感和成就感将永远支撑着我” 。“如果我不能跑，我就走。 ”)”可知， Campbell 在开始跑步前患有关节炎， 但是他为了跑步推迟手术，这样他觉得是“幸福感和成就感”在支撑着他，由此推知， Campbell 是个意志坚
定的人。故选 A 项。
(
Passage 2
)
（2023·山东聊城 · 统考三模） I was picking through coat pockets and madly shaking all my old purses and wallets. I was looking for pennies, quarters — anything that would help me make it to the end of the week. It sure
was feeling heavy.
A hopeless girl in her twenties,I was a single parent, with a one-year-old son and a five-year-old daughter.
Life consisted of ups and downs. One year, I was having baby showers and taking vacations in the mountains of Tennessee. The next, I was searching around my small, two-bedroom apartment collecting loose change to buy
food and gas. Suddenly, I found myself becoming poor, and it was hard.
I’ll never forget the joy of finding one penny during my hunt, then two, then fifteen, and then twenty-four,
twenty-five, twenty-six. Every time I found one, I felt excited. Looking back now, I see that it was somewhat ironic
(讽刺的) because I had looked down on pennies at one point in my life.
I sat in my bedroom that night and sorted all the change from my hour-long quest. I smiled and made jokes with my daughter while we packed our pennies. Her brother joyfully bounced up and down in his bouncer. They had no idea how many nights I would cry with my face buried in the pillows, wondering how I would keep a roof
over their heads, lights on in the house, and food on the table.
I remember those days like they were yesterday, but I don’t remember them with sadness. I remember them intentionally because I promised myself that if I were ever to escape the pains of poverty, I would never forget the
value of a penny.
I’ve kept that promise, too.
5 ．Why did the author shake her old purses
A ．To look for money to pay for their expense. B ．To purchase something for her children.
C ．To make money at the end of the week. D ．To put them into her coat pockets.
6 ．What do we know about the author
A ．She could make ends meet. B ．She often lived a hard life.
C ．She was once living well. D ．She enjoyed her family life.
7 ．What is the author’s promise
A ．To help others little by little. B ．To find great value in little things.
C ．To bring happiness to her children. D ．To forget the sad days intentionally.
8 ．What does this text want to convey
A ．It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
B ．We should repair the house before it rains.
C ．Each family has its own happiness and unhappiness.
D ．One penny is the small seed from which fortunes spring.
【答案】5 ．A 6 ．C 7 ．B 8 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在穷困潦倒的情况下， 在家里寻找零钱， 帮助作者渡过难关。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“I was looking for pennies, quarters — anything that would help me make it to the end of the week.(我在找便士，二角五分的硬币——任何能让我撑到周末的东西)”可知，作者翻找旧钱包寻找零
钱是为了支付本周的开支。故选 A。
6 ．推理判断题。根据第三段“Life consisted of ups and downs. One year, I was having baby showers and taking
vacations in the mountains of Tennessee. The next, I was searching around my small, two-bedroom apartment
collecting loose change to buy food and gas. Suddenly, I found myself becoming poor, and it was hard.(人生有起 有伏。有一年，我在田纳西州的山区举办婴儿派对和度假。接下来，我就在我那间两居室的小公寓里四处 寻找零钱， 准备买食物和汽油。突然间， 我发现自己变穷了， 这很艰难)”可推知， 作者之前生活富足， 而目
前却穷困潦倒。故选 C。
7 ．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I remember them intentionally because I promised myself that if I were ever to escape the pains of poverty, I would never forget the value of a penny.(我有意地记住它们，因为我向自己保证，
如果我能摆脱贫穷的痛苦， 我永远不会忘记一分钱的价值)”可推知，作者承诺要从小事情中发现巨大的价值。
故选 B。
8 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I remember those days like they were yesterday, but I don’t remember them with
sadness. I remember them intentionally because I promised myself that if I were ever to escape the pains of
poverty, I would never forget the value of a penny.(我记得那些日子就像昨天一样，但我不带悲伤地记得它们。 我有意地记住它们， 因为我向自己保证， 如果我能摆脱贫穷的痛苦， 我永远不会忘记一分钱的价值)”结合本 文主要讲的是作者在急需钱的情况下，找遍所有可能存放硬币的地方，以解燃眉之急。此后，作者再也不 轻视每一分钱的价值。由此推知，这篇文章想要传达的是， 一分钱是一粒小小的种子，它孕育着财富。故
选 D。
(
Passage
3
)
（2023·重庆 · 重庆实验外国语学校校考三模）Jennifer Keelan was a young girl who had dreams of one day attending college and living a satisfactory life. At age 2, Jennifer was diagnosed with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), leaving her using a wheelchair. Jennifer was a bright and courageous girl, but when she attempted to attend school with her friends, she was sent to separate classes for students with disabilities, regardless of talent. She found herself unable to attend some school functions, use transit systems and access government buildings. Jennifer accepted the
limitations of her physical life, but not the limitations of the physical world around her.
Jennifer became active in campaigning for the Americans with Disabilities Act. She engaged in peaceful
protests and, at age 7, was arrested in Montreal, a moment in history that shocked North America.
At age 8, Jennifer traveled to Washington, D．C ．The shy, yet determined little girl caught the attention of the country when she climbed up the Capitol steps. It worked. Jennifer met with Congress, and President George H. W.
Bush signed the Americans with Disabilities Act into law.
Jennifer remains an activist today, making sure all people with disabilities are treated fairly and have equal
access to public places, schools and businesses. The only barriers that remain are those of view.
Jennifer wants all of us to know that physical disabilities are not a barrier to friendship, career opportunities or love. She graduated from Arizona State University with a degree in family and human development. She is now 39
years old and still sharing the message of inclusivity (包容性) . For her, like all of us, making a difference begins
one step at a time, no matter how hard it is. She remains a lifelong activist for the disability rights movement.
1 ．What prevented Jennifer studying with her friends
A ．Her serious illness. B ．Her low intelligence.
C ．Her born language barrier. D ．Her poor learning ability.
2 ．What made North America amazed about Jennifer
A ．Her helping the disabled. B ．Her being sent to prison.
C ．Her entering the Capitol alone. D ．Her being elected as president.
3 ．What happened due to Jennifer’s effort
A ．The law of the United State changed a lot. B ．Bush met the representatives of the disabled.
C ．Arizona State University accepted the disabled. D ．The Americans with Disabilities Act was signed.
4 ．What is the best title of this text
A ．A Girl Managed to Enter the Congress B ．A Girl Makes a Difference to the Country
C ．A Girl Succeeded in Attending the College D ．A Girl Struggles for the Rights of the Disabled
【答案】 1 ．A 2 ．C 3 ．D 4 ．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩 Jennifer Keelan 因为患病无法和朋友们一起学习， 于是参与
了和平抗议活动，为残疾人权利做出努力和奋斗。
1 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“At age 2, Jennifer was diagnosed with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), leaving her using a
wheelchair. Jennifer was a bright and courageous girl, but when she attempted to attend school with her friends, she was sent to separate classes for students with disabilities, regardless of talent.(2 岁时，珍妮弗被诊断出患有脑瘫， 不得不依靠轮椅生活。詹妮弗是一个聪明勇敢的女孩，但当她试图和朋友们一起上学时，她被送到残疾学
生的单独班级，而不管她的才能如何)”可知，重病阻碍了詹妮弗和她的朋友们一起学习。故选 A。
2 ．细节理解题。根据第三段“At age 8, Jennifer traveled to Washington, D.C. The shy, yet determined little girl caught the attention of the country when she climbed up the Capitol steps.(8 岁时， 詹妮弗去了华盛顿特区。当她 爬上国会大厦的台阶时， 这个害羞但坚定的小女孩引起了全国的关注)”可知， 詹妮弗独自进入国会大厦让北
美对詹妮弗感到惊讶。故选 C。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Jennifer met with Congress, and President George H. W. Bush signed the Americans with Disabilities Act into law.(詹妮弗会见了国会议员， 乔治·H·W·布什总统签署了《美国残疾人法案》，使之
成为法律)”可知，由于詹妮弗的努力， 《美国残疾人法案》签署了。故选 D。
4 ．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Jennifer remains an activist today, making sure all people with disabilities are
treated fairly and have equal access to public places, schools and businesses.(詹妮弗今天仍然是一名积极分子，
确保所有残疾人都得到公平对待， 并有平等的机会进入公共场所、学校和企业)”以及最后一段“She remains a lifelong activist for the disability rights movement.(她一生都是残疾人权利运动的积极分子)”结合文章主要讲述
了女孩 Jennifer Keelan 因为患病无法和朋友们一起学习， 于是参与了和平抗议活动， 为残疾人权利做出努力
和奋斗。故 D 选项“一个女孩为残疾人的权利而奋斗”最符合文章标题。故选 D。
(
Passage 4
)
（2023·安徽马鞍山 · 统考三模）In Tennessee, you will find a “secret society” that consists of 9 women who call themselves “The 9 Nanas.” Its mission is simple — to spread happiness by performing random acts of kindness for those in need. The Nanas have been together since childhood. Several of them were raised by MaMaw and
PaPaw, a couple that were always doing good for the community.
One day when the 9 Nanas got together, they started recollecting the old days with MaMaw and PaPaw. They fondly recalled how MaMaw Ruth used to bake and send pound cakes to families who had recently lost someone.
The “sisters” wanted to do good for their community too. So, the “secret society” of “The 9 Nanas” was born.
The ladies kept their ears open as they ran their daily work. Whenever they heard of someone in need, they’d step in to help. A package would be sent, which would always include one of MaMaw Ruth’s pound cakes and a
note that said “Somebody loves you.”
Believe it or not, the group operated in secret for 30 years! But by then, the husbands had started to get suspicious. So the 9 Nanas gathered the husbands and spilled the beans. Their husbands wanted in on the fun.
That’s when the operation was taken to the next level!
Now, over 5 years since the husbands uncovered their wives’ secret, the 9 Nanas are still going strong. They said, “Not everyone is as lucky as we were to have MaMaw and PaPaw to take care of them. So this is our way of
giving back. We want to make sure that happiness happens.”
21 ．What is the task of the “secret society”
A ．To uncover secrets. B ．To search for lost family members.
C ．To spread happiness. D ．To attend kids for working parents.
22 ．What inspired the 9 Nanas to start the “secret society”
A ．
