人教版英语九年级8单元固定短语具体用法讲义.
一、短语具体用法
1. belong to:表示“属于”,后接名词或代词作宾语。例如:
This book belongs to me. 这本书是我的。
The house belongs to my uncle. 这所房子属于我叔叔。
2. pick up:有“捡起”“拾起”“(开车)接载”等意思。例如:
He picked up the pen on the floor. 他捡起了地上的钢笔。
I'll pick you up at the airport. 我会去机场接你。
3. nothing much:“没什么事”,常用于回答“How are you ”或“What's up ”等问题。例如:
How are you 你好吗?
Nothing much. 没什么事。
4. call the policemen:“报警”,也可以说 call the police。例如:
If you see a crime, you should call the policemen. 如果你看到犯罪行为,应该报警。
5. at first:“起初”,常用于描述事情的开始阶段。例如:
At first, I didn't like the job, but now I enjoy it. 起初,我不喜欢这份工作,但现在我很喜欢。
6. go away:“离开”,可以表示离开某个地方或某人。例如:
She went away without saying goodbye. 她没有道别就离开了。
Please go away and let me work. 请走开,让我工作。
7. run after:“追赶”,后面可以接人或物。例如:
The dog is running after a cat. 狗在追赶一只猫。
The little boy is running after his sister. 小男孩在追赶他的姐姐。
8. communicate with sb.:“和某人交流”,communicate 可以表示交流思想、信息等。例如:
It's important to communicate with your parents. 和你的父母交流很重要。
We need to find a better way to communicate with each other. 我们需要找到更好的彼此交流的方式。
9. a kind of:“一种”,后面接名词,表示某一类事物。例如:
Coffee is a kind of drink. 咖啡是一种饮料。
This is a kind of flower that only grows in summer. 这是一种只在夏天生长的花。
10. keep healthy:“保持健康”,可以通过锻炼、合理饮食等方式来保持健康。例如:
You should eat more fruits and vegetables to keep healthy. 你应该多吃水果和蔬菜来保持健康。
Exercising regularly helps us keep healthy. 定期锻炼有助于我们保持健康。
11. point out:“指出”,point out sth. to sb. 或 point sth. out to sb. 表示“向某人指出某事”。例如:
She pointed out my mistake to me. 她向我指出了我的错误。
The teacher pointed out the importance of hard work to the students. 老师向学生们指出了努力学习的重要性。
12. wait for:“等待”,后面接人或物。例如:
I'm waiting for the bus. 我在等公交车。
We are waiting for the result. 我们在等待结果。
13. be late for:“迟到”,例如:
Don't be late for school again. 别再上学迟到了。
I was late for the meeting because of the traffic. 因为交通堵塞,我开会迟到了。
14. What's wrong with… :“……怎么了?”,用于询问某人或某物出了什么问题。例如:
What's wrong with your bike 你的自行车怎么了?
I feel sick. 我感觉不舒服。
What's wrong with you 你怎么了?
15. have fun doing sth.:“做某事有乐趣”,例如:
The children had fun playing in the park. 孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。
We had fun watching the movie. 我们看电影看得很愉快。
16. could/might be doing sth.:“可能正在做某事”,表示对正在进行的动作的推测。例如:
He could be playing basketball at the moment. 他这会儿可能在打篮球。
She might be studying for the exam. 她可能正在为考试学习。
17. stop sb. from doing sth.:“阻止某人做某事”,例如:
We must stop them from polluting the river. 我们必须阻止他们污染河流。
The parents try to stop their children from playing computer games too much. 父母试图阻止孩子们过度玩电脑游戏。
18. must have done sth.:“一定已经做了某事”,表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。例如:
He must have finished his homework. 他一定已经完成了作业。
She looks tired. She must have worked hard. 她看起来很累。她一定工作很努力。
19. one of + the +adj.最高级 + 复数名词:“最……的……之一”,例如:
She is one of the most beautiful girls in the class. 她是班里最漂亮的女孩之一。
This is one of the best movies I've ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影之一。
二、练习题和详细讲解:
1. This book ___ me. It's not Tom's.
A. belongs to B. is belonging to C. belonged to
答案:A。 belong to 表示“属于”,没有进行时态,此句语境是一般现在时,所以用 belongs to。这本书属于我,它不是汤姆的。
2. The little girl ___ a pen on the ground and picked it up.
A. saw B. looked C. watched
答案:A。 see 表示“看到”的结果,look 强调“看”的动作,watch 通常用于看电视、看比赛等。小女孩看到地上有一支钢笔,然后捡了起来。
3. There is ___ interesting in the newspaper today.
A. nothing much B. much nothing C. anything much
答案:A。 nothing much 表示“没什么有趣的事”,B 选项顺序错误,C 选项 anything 用于否定句表示“一些”,与句意不符。今天报纸上没有什么有趣的事。
4. If you have any problems, you can ___ the police.
A. call B. ask C. tell
答案:A。 call the police 是固定搭配,表示“报警”。如果你有任何问题,你可以报警。
5. I didn't understand the question, ___ I asked the teacher again.
A. so B. or C. but
答案:A。 前后两句为因果关系,so 表示“所以”。我不理解这个问题,所以我又问了老师一次。
6. The thief ran away when he saw the police.
A. quick B. quickly C. slow
答案:B。 修饰动词 ran away 需要用副词,quick 是形容词,slow 不符合语境。小偷看到警察后很快地跑走了。
7. We should try ___ best to learn English well.
A. our B. us C. we
答案:A。 try one's best 是固定短语,表示“尽某人最大的努力”,we 的形容词性物主代词是 our。我们应该尽我们最大的努力学好英语。
8. You'd better ___ up early tomorrow, or you'll be late for school.
A. getting B. to get C. get
答案:C。 had better do sth. 是固定短语,表示“最好做某事”。你最好明天早起,否则你上学要迟到了。
9. I ___ for the bus for a long time, but it didn't come.
A. wait B. waited C. have waited
答案:B。 根据语境可知,“等车”这个动作已经发生了,所以用一般过去时。我等公交车等了很长时间,但它没有来。
10. ___ with your computer
It doesn't work.
A. What's the matter B. What's wrong C. How is it
答案:B。 What's wrong with... 是固定句型,询问……怎么了?根据回答“它不工作了”可知,是问电脑出了什么问题。
11. The teacher ___ the mistake in my homework and told me to correct it.
A. pointed at B. pointed to C. pointed out
答案:C。 point out 表示“指出”,符合语境。老师指出了我作业中的错误,并告诉我改正。
12. We can ___ with each other by email.
A. communicate B. talk C. say
答案:A。 communicate with sb. 表示“和某人交流”,by email 说明是通过邮件交流。我们可以通过电子邮件互相交流。
13. I ___ running after the dog when I saw my neighbor.
A. was B. am C. were
答案:A。 when 引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时。我看到我的邻居时,我正在追赶狗。
14. You ___ late for the meeting. Everyone was waiting for you.
A. are B. were C. have been
答案:B。 迟到是过去的事情,所以用一般过去时。你开会迟到了。大家都在等你。
15. Shanghai is one of ___ cities in China.
A. the largest B. largest C. large
答案:A。 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词,表示“最……的……之一”。上海是中国最大的城市之一。