(共39张PPT)
Module 9
Unit 3 Language in use
外研版
八年级上
通过本课的学习，学生能够：
①掌握冠词的用法；理解并会读大数字
②看懂并绘制条形图
③正确认识人口与环境之间的关系。
Learning Goals
Let’s watch a video and then tell what you can learn from it.
Warming Up
The increase of population has less to do with the environment than we think. We should try to find more recycled resources（资源）.
What’s your opinion
That’s a huge number.
The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago, and getting to the nearest school in Arnwick takes her an hour by bus.
It said the world’s population was about 7.8 billion in 2020.
Parkville was near Arnwick, a city with a population of 10,000,000
Read the sentences in the box, pay attention to the articles and try to summarize the grammar rules.
Language practice
冠词是限定词的一种，不能单独使用，常用于修饰名词。
冠词有两种形式，不定冠词a/an，定冠词the。零冠词就是不使用冠词。
冠词的用法
1.不定冠词 a(an): a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。具体用法如下：
用法 例句
泛指人或事物的某一类别，以区别于其他种类。
首次提到某个单数可数名词。
A plane is a machine that can fly.
飞机是一种能飞的机器。
There’s a bird in the tree.
树上有只鸟。
用法 例句
用于表示时间、价格、速度等意义的单数名词前。
用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”
表示数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。
用于固定短语中。
twice a week每周两次
ten dollars a kilo每公斤十美元
I have a sister.
我有一个妹妹。
a little(一点儿)
wait a minute(等一会儿)
I want to have a second try.
我想再试一次。
2. 定冠词（the）
用法 例句
特指某些人或物。
用于上文提到过的事物或双方都知道的事物。
用于世界上独一无二的事物前。
用于序数词或形容词最高级前，在of the two结构中，也可以用于比较级前。
The children are coming.
孩子们就要来了。
Mr Li works in a factory.The factory is far from his home.
李先生在一家工厂上班。那家工厂离他家很远。
The moon goes around the earth.
月亮绕着地球转。
Who is the youngest girl in your class
谁是你们班最小的女孩？
用于复数姓氏前，表示“……一家人”。
用于某些形容词前表示一类人，为复数概念。
用于西洋乐器类名词前或 方位名词之前。
用于固定搭配中。
The Greens are going for a picnic next Sunday.
格林一家下星期天打算去野餐。
The old are taken good care of in our country.
在我们国家老年人被照顾得很好。
play the guitar弹吉他
in the morning 在上午
at the end of 在……的尽头
3. 零冠词
用法 例句
不可数名词、名词复数泛指某类人或物时。
人名、地名、(非缩写的)国家名、物质名词、抽象名词前。
名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格等修饰。
Can man live without air
没有空气人能生存吗？
Mary comes from New York.
玛丽来自纽约。
Lily’s bedroom is bigger than mine.
莉莉的卧室比我的大。
某些节日、季节、月份、星期、三餐、(与play连用时的)球类和棋类、学科名词前。
表示称呼语或头衔的名词前。
与by连用的表示交通工具的名词前。
用于固定短语。
March 8th is Women’s Day.
三月八号是妇女节。
What’s the matter with you, Granny？
你怎么了，奶奶？
by car/bus/train/plane
乘坐小汽车/公共汽车/火车/飞机
on foot步行；go to bed去睡觉
4. Complete the passage with a, an or the where necessary.
Mina is (1)_______eighteen year old girl. She has got (2)_______ brother and (3)_______sister. Mina is (4)_______oldest child in (5)_____ family. She lives in (6)____very big city. She has (7) ____ job in (8) ____ hotel. She hopes that one day she will have (9)________ chance to go to (10) ________college.
an
a
a
the
the
a
a
a
a
/
数字的读法
读数字时，从右到左将每三位数看作一个单位，每个单位里的数字按照百、十、个位往后读。
如: 2, 693, 875, 124 可以分解为… billion (十亿)… million(百万)… thousand(千)… 。
读作： two billion, six hundred and ninety-three million, eight hundred and seventy-five thousand, one hundred and twenty-four。
1. Work in pairs. Match the countries with their populations.
1. China a) 5,084,000
2. the US b) 25,690,000
3. Australia c) 331,698,000
4. New Zealand d) 1,411,780,000
2. Read your answers to Activity 1 to the whole class.
China has a population of…
Now listen and check.
1. China a) 5,084,000
2. the US b) 25,690,000
3. Australia c) 331,698,000
4. New Zealand d) 1,411,780,000
Listen and read after the tape.
1. China has a population of one billion, four hundred and eleven million, seven hundred and eighty thousand.
2. The US has a population of three hundred and thirty one million, six
hundred and ninety-eight thousand.
3. Australia has a population of twenty-five million, six hundred and ninty thousand.
4. New Zealand has a population of five million and eight-four thousand.
Learning to learn
When you see a table or a chart, look carefully at the labels and graphs to make sure that you understand what they are showing. Look at the chart below. What is it comparing What can you conclude
3. Read the chart and answer the questions.
1. Which city had the largest population in 2018
Mexico city had the largest population in 2018.
2. Which city’s population will increase the most from 2018 to 2030
Dhaka’s population will increase the most from 2018 to 2030.
3. Which city will have a larger increase in its population, Mumbai or Cairo
Cairo will have a larger increase in its population.
4. Which city/cities do you think will have the biggest population
problem Why
I think Dhaka will have the biggest population problem because its
population will increase the fastest.
5. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.
few good much small
1. We believe the schools in Arnwick are very good, and we are working to make them even ________.
2. Their flat is too large for two people. They want to find a ________ one.
3. Anna always talks about her ideas. I think she needs to listen ________.
4. There are a lot of parks in this city. I think there are ________ parks in a lot of other cities.
better
smaller
more
fewer
6. Complete the diagram. Use the words in the box to help you.
air city flat public service school traffic
1. Revise the passage in Activity 2 in Unit 2.
2. Think about the problems of Arnwick.
3. Look at the diagram and discuss the missing information in pairs.
From Parkville to Arnwick: problems and solutions
Problems Reasons Solutions
·People from Parkville live in______________ ____________________ ·It_________________ to go to school by bus ·___________________ ____________________ ____________________ ·___________________ ____________________ ____________________ ·___________________ ____________________ ____________________ ·___________________ ____________________ ____________________ ·The government is making great effort to ____________________
______________________________________
·__________________
·______________________________________
___________________
flats outside the
center
It is expensive to live in the city center.
takes an hour
The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago
Rubbish and the air pollution
It is very crowded and the traffic is bad
solve Arnwick’s problems with better public services
more schools
less air pollution from traffic and more local hospitals
7. Complete the passage with the words in the box.
countryside pollution population space traffic
Our world is facing many problems. Two of the biggest are increasing population and pollution.
The (1)___________ of the world is increasing quickly. Many people are leaving the (2)___________ to work in the cities, but there is not enough (3)_________ for so many people.
population
countryside
space
Another huge problem for the world is (4)_________. There is so much (5)_________ on the roads that in some cities the air is heavily polluted. We should work harder to protect our world.
pollution
traffic
8. Complete the sentences with the expressions in the box.
all over the world closed down in the future
it takes not… any more
1. Growing population is a problem _________________.
2. The population of the world may grow more slowly______________.
3. The supermarket _________________ when a bigger one opened in the
town.
4. Usually __________ an hour to get there by bus.
all over the world
in the future
closed down
it takes
5. The town had a lot of pollution in the past but it is __________
a problem _____________.
not
any more
9. Listen and choose the best summary.
a) It is cheaper to share a car than to have a personal car. □
b) People in a car club do not often take buses, trains or the
underground. □
c) There are no car clubs in the US. □
d) Joining car clubs is good for you and for the city. □
√
10. Listen again and choose the correct answer.
1. Joining a car club is cheaper / more expensive than having a
personal car.
2. People in car clubs pay for / do not pay for a car when they drive.
3. People in car clubs sometimes / never take a bus or ride a bike.
4. People in car clubs probably are / are not healthier.
Tapescript.
Joining car clubs is a good way to get around in cities. There are many
car clubs in the US. You can use a car when you want to, and it’s
cheaper than having a personal car.
You only pay for the car when you drive it. You don’t always use the car
because sometimes you can take a bus, or walk or ride a bike. This is
healthier for the city, as there will be fewer cars on the road. It is also
healthier for you.
11. Work in pairs and discuss this question.
Do you think car clubs would be popular in China Why/Why not
e.g. I think car clubs will become popular in China, because more and more people pay attention to environmental protection, fewer people buy cars, people can go to car clubs to rent cars when they need them.
World population and water
With more and more people in the world, more and more water is used. In fact, water use is growing more than twice as fast as the world’s
population! As a result, getting good, clean water is becoming a problem in many places. A lot of water is polluted and in many areas people have to walk a long way to get clean water for daily use.
事实上，实际上
as… as，意为“和……一样”，表示同级比较
Around the world
More than 3.4 million people die each year from drinking and washing with polluted water. So let’s do everything we can to stop the pollution and save water.
die of/from sth. 死于……
So, does the increase of population have nothing to do with the environment What should we do as the population grows rapidly
We should find some recycled resources as we save and protect the resources we have now.
12. Work in groups. Prepare to make your graph.
Making a graph
·Choose a country or town which interests you. It could be your home town.
·Decide the points of time you want to look at — for example, now, ten years ago and ten years from now.
·Research the population of your place in those years. Write your notes carefully.
Module task
Work in groups, discuss what place and time you would like to research and decide who should do what.
Remember to make notes on every point.
13. Make your graph.
· Decide how you want to make your graph.
· Draw it and colour it. You can also make it on the computer.
· Label it clearly.
14. Write a paragraph to describe your graph.
Sample
In the graph, we can see how the population in the town changed between 1900 and 2000. We can see the population going up the vertical line and the years going across the horizontal line.
The graph shows the population increased by more than one hundred percent from two and a half million to five million in one hundred years.
At first it increased very slowly, but after 1945 it increased much more quickly. From 1990 to 2000, the population even increased by one million. The town itself also grew in size during this time.
15. Present your graph to the class.
1. Grammar:
To summarise and consolidate the use of articles; large numbers
2. Reading:
World population and water.
Summary
