南京师大附中2023-2024学年度第1学期
高二年级期末考试英语试卷
注意事项
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1.本试卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。
2.答卷前，务必将姓名、班级、学号、考场号、座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3.请用0.5毫米黑色签字笔按题号在答题卡指定区域作答，在其它位置作答一律无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中出最佳选项选。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How many bowls of soup does the man want
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
2. How does the woman want to travel
A. By ferry. B. By sea bus. C. By train.
3. Who could help the woman
A. Her neighbor. B. Her teacher. C. The man.
4. What does the man seem to think about the little dog
A. It will grow very fast.
B. It will need too much care.
C. It will certainly hurt someone.
5. How long will the woman stay at the bakery
A. About 15 minutes. B. About 5 minutes. C. About 20 minutes.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the conversation mainly about
A. Applying for a passport.
B. Growing up in a rich family.
C. Borrowing money from a bank.
7. What does the man have to bring tomorrow
A. A passport.
B. A driver’s license.
C. A recommendation letter.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At home. B. In a gym. C. In a park.
9. What is special about the new training equipment
A. It’s all in the same area.
B. It’s in a park rather than a gym.
C. It’s located throughout the whole park.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. A couple. C. Strangers.
11. Who probably has the mail now
A. The woman. B. The man’s sister. C. The woman’s secretary.
12. Why did the man fail to realize the mistake in the first week
A. He was sick.
B. He was too busy.
C. He was on vacation.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the man feel about the technology show
A. Disappointed. B. Impressed. C. Confused.
14. Why is the woman concerned
A. She thinks the man is careless about people.
B. She has no idea what she will write for her term paper.
C. She is afraid that it might not be good for people to use robots.
15. According to the man, what should China do
A. Research the effects of robots on daily life.
B. Become more competitive by using robots.
C. Hire more engineers to develop new technology.
16. What is the man probably
A. A professor. B. A reporter. C. A student.
听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。
17. When did Salman Khan start devoting all his time to Khan Academy
A. In 2005. B. In 2009. C. In 2015.
18. How does Khan Academy get money
A. It charges a fee from users.
B. It gets money from donations.
C. It sells educational videos to schools.
19. Which aspect of Khan Academy is probably the most popular
A. Tutoring in mathematics.
B. Preparations for some tests.
C. Instructions on how to create cartoons.
20. Who can benefit from Khan Academy
A. Students of all ages.
B. Only high school students.
C. Mainly children aged two to six.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A visit to Antarctica is much more than a holiday. Remote and undamaged, any journey there is a unique adventure you’ll find nowhere else on earth.
As you cruise in style aboard Discovery, you will gaze upon majestic, icy peaks, giant icebergs and diverse wildlife that includes whales, seals, penguins and birds. You will sail through glass y bays and have the opportunity, weather permitting, to set foot on Antarctica’s shores and volcanic beaches. On all cruises, you will get as close to nature as you would on smaller ships, while enjoying a higher class of Discovery’s 4-star comforts.
Exciting cruises aboard Discovery
No single supplement on cabins
Voyage to Antarctica
20 Days, departing 16 November 2023
From Lisbon across the Atlantic Ocean to Buenos Aires with stops in exotic settings like Funchal, Rio de Janeiro and Ushuaia
Now from 3575
Antarctica, Chile &Patagonia
18 Days, departing 16 December 2023
From Buenos Aires sail to Antarctica and depart the ship in Santiago
Now from 3145
Note: some sailings might be in reverse, from Santiago to Buenos Aires
Cape to Cape
23 Days, departing 7 February 2023
Leave from Buenos Aires and sail around Cape Horn, visit Antarctica and make your way to Cape Town, South Africa
Now from 2995
What’s included:
●All meals, entertainment and tips on board. Return flights to/from UK. Overseas transfers between airports, hotels and ship. Hotel stays in Buenos Aires and Santiago. Informative lecture programme, Landings ashore and small boat sightseeing.
●PLUS—Save an extra 500 per couple on early bookings before September 2023.
The priority of the cruises is to provide you with opportunities to learn about Antarctica’s fragile ecosystem. Lectures given by Dr. Peter Carey and his team will bring Antarctica to life. They will accompany you on your landings ashore and on small boat field trips（depending on ice and weather conditions）.
1. What activity is included on Discovery cruises
A. Camping on the volcanic beaches.
B. Interacting with seals and penguins if possible.
C. Swimming through the waters filled with icebergs.
D. Setting foot on Antarctica’s shores if the weather allows.
2. Which month’s cruise plan offers the possibility of sailing in the opposite way
A. February. B. December. C. November. D. September.
3. A major focus of Discovery cruises is ________.
A. extending luxury hotel stays B. small boat sightseeing and landing ashore
C. learning about the environment of Antarctica D. providing free meals and entertainment on board
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一艘游轮的南极洲观光之旅，介绍了行程安排和特色等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“You will sail through glass y bays and have the opportunity, weather permitting, to set foot on Antarctica’s shores and volcanic beaches. (您将乘船穿过玻璃海湾，如果天气允许，您将有机会踏上南极洲的海岸和火山海滩。)”可知，探索之旅活动有如果天气允许，踏上南极洲的海岸。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Antarctica, Chile &Patagonia部分中“18 Days, departing 16 December 2023 (18天，2023年12月16日启程)”以及“Note: some sailings might be in reverse, from Santiago to Buenos Aires (注意：从圣地亚哥到布宜诺斯艾利斯的一些航线可能是相反的)”可知，12月的巡航计划提供了相反方向航行的可能性。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The priority of the cruises is to provide you with opportunities to learn about Antarctica’s fragile ecosystem. (游轮的首要任务是让您有机会了解南极洲脆弱的生态系统。)”可知，探索号邮轮的一个主要焦点是了解南极洲的环境。故选C。
B
“Think different.”—Apple
“The only thing worse than being talked about is not being talked about.”—Oscar Wilde
Apple’s two-word slogan and Oscar Wilde’s wit are examples of microstyle, the art of creating short messages that grab attention, communicate instantly, stick in the mind, and roll off the tongue. We all need microstyle in this age of social media. Twitter and Facebook provide an opportunity to use writing in everyday life. However, today readers have too much to absorb, and knowing how to write short, powerful messages is one of the most important writing skills in the 21st century. Here are some techniques for getting noticed.
Help people find meaning
The meanings of words are the result of background knowledge, associations and assumptions that linguist Charles Fillmore called “municating well is largely a matter of successful framing. Consider the slogan of Lilipit, which makes educational software for children: “Feeding curiosity daily”. The word “education” is avoided because it produces a dry teaching or training context, but “curiosity” made the software into something people would want to use. That is an example of great framing. Framing also uses metaphor, which can make complex meanings immediately accessible. Consider the way the name Twitter, for example, uses the simple notion of birds chattering to give a sense of what this multi-vocal communication platform is all about.
Make it sing
People remember short messages by their sounds. Poets know this, of course, as do advertisers. Names and slogans make use of rhythm and rhyme. The classic Hallmark slogan, “When you care enough to send the very best” uses the same rhythm found in Shakespeare’s blank verse. Rhyme brightens slogans such as “Must-see TV” and names such as 7-Eleven. Specific sounds can go well with the meanings of the messages. Makers of beauty products, such as Chanel, Avon and L’Oreal, have names with “soft” sounds. However, a company such as Black and Decker, which makes tools, has a name with a forceful rhythm and “hard” consonants.
Be creative
Sometimes a message will get the power from the way it toys with the old and familiar. After the crisis of 2019 a finance company used the slogan, “We turn the financial world right side up”. This reversed the usual expression “to turn something upside down”. So to make people understand your point, you do not ________. A few words, cleverly chosen, will do the job for you.
4. Based on the text, microstyle messages are ________.
A. easy to ignore B. hard to pronounce
C. easy to remember D. hard to understand
5. Fillmore’s “frames” indicate that words ________.
A. mean only one thing B. have meanings that never change
C. have fairly obvious meanings D. depend on experience for their meaning
6. According to the text, which statement is TRUE
A. The social media ask people to write short messages.
B. The name“7-eleven”uses numbers to grab attention.
C. Twitter emphasizes the sounds birds use to communicate.
D. Black and Decker uses strong rhythm to go well with its products.
7. Which of the following goes in the gap in the last paragraph
A. have to break a routine B. have to use lots of words
C. need to choose the right idea D. need to employ the proper writing strategies
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种微风格消息，其简短而有力，适合引起人们的注意。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Apple’s two-word slogan and Oscar Wilde’s wit are examples of microstyle, the art of creating short messages that grab attention, communicate instantly, stick in the mind, and roll off the tongue. We all need microstyle in this age of social media. (苹果公司的两个字口号和奥斯卡·王尔德的机智都是微风格的例子，微风格是一种创造简短信息的艺术，它能抓住注意力，即时交流，在脑海中停留，脱口而出。在这个社交媒体时代，我们都需要微风格。)”可知，微风格消息容易被人记住。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Consider the slogan of Lilipit, which makes educational software for children: “Feeding curiosity daily”. The word “education” is avoided because it produces a dry teaching or training context, but “curiosity” made the software into something people would want to use. That is an example of great framing. Framing also uses metaphor, which can make complex meanings immediately accessible. (想想为儿童制作教育软件的Lilipit公司的口号“每天喂养好奇心”。“教育”这个词被避免了，因为它产生了枯燥的教学或培训环境，但“好奇心”使软件成为人们想要使用的东西。这是一个很好的框架。框架也使用隐喻，这可以使复杂的含义立即被理解。)”可推知，菲尔莫尔的“框架”表明了单词依靠经验来理解。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“However, a company such as Black and Decker, which makes tools, has a name with a forceful rhythm and “hard” consonants. (然而，像百得（Black and Decker）这样生产工具的公司，名字的节奏很有力，辅音也很“硬”。)”可知，D选项“Black and Decker用强烈的节奏感来搭配其产品”正确。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“A few words, cleverly chosen, will do the job for you. (巧妙地选择几个词，就能发挥作用。)”可推知，要让人们理解你的观点，你不必使用很多单词。故选B。
C
Playing in a big international orchestra is one of life’s most exciting experiences, yet it is also a very tough job. Players are part of a team of eighty or more musicians playing some of the world’s greatest music. They work very long hours—turning up early for rehearsals (排练) on dark, cold, winter’s mornings in a chilly, empty hall; working till late in the evening on the night of a concert; travelling at all hours of the day and night; eating and sleeping when they can; trying to play well when they are tired or hungry or have a headache. There’s not much time left for family or friends. In fact, their family is the rest of the orchestra. The musicians share the quick pace and the worries, but they also share the wonderful moments when they are all playing together and feel on top of the world.
Much of an orchestra’s time is spent in rehearsal. The players may already know the music by heart, but every conductor has his or her own ideas about how a piece of music should be played. Some conductors like to go through a piece of music bar by bar, stopping the orchestra each time they want to make a comment. Others let an orchestra play for long stretches at a time, then go back to a particular point they want to rehearse again. Whatever the conductor’s method, it is important that the musicians are happy with it. If the players don’t like the conductor, they can become very difficult, interrupting the session with questions or complaints. At one time conductors, such as Toscanini, used to get such fine performances out of an orchestra by shouting at the musicians and almost frightening them into playing well. That sort of behavior would not work with most orchestras today. After all, orchestral musicians are highly trained and experienced people and they should be treated with respect.
If a rehearsal is held in the morning of a concert, everybody will be in casual clothes in the morning but in the evening they will change into formal dress. Most will arrive at least an hour early to unpack and inspect their instruments—violinists to check their strings and bow, woodwind players to check their reeds, and everyone to run over any difficult passages of music.
Musicians, like actors, are aware of the audience; they notice whether the audience is a good one or not. A good audience will listen and respond to the music, whereas a difficult audience coughs and fidgets throughout the performance. Above all, the musicians are also aware of whether they are playing well, not just individually but as a team. Knowing they are giving a good performance makes all the difference at the end of a long, hard day.
8. Playing in a large orchestra is a tough job mainly because ________.
A. members get sick from time to time B. rehearsals require painstaking efforts
C. the competition among members is fierce D. family gatherings occupy too much time
9. An effective conductor is one who ________.
A. receives the players’ approval B. forces the team to play well
C. explains everything to the players D. allows no interruption or complaints
10. Orchestral players feel the greatest sense of achievement when ________.
A. the conductor treats them with respect in rehearsals
B. they change into formal dress before a concert
C. the audience listens and responds to their music
D. they cooperate well as a team in the performance
11. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Music makes a difference to the world.
B. Rehearsals are important to musicians.
C. The conductor determines the success of a concert.
D. Musicians have a demanding yet rewarding career.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了大型管弦乐队演奏需要付出艰苦的努力进行排练，解释了排练的过程以及对于演奏者的要求。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“They work very long hours—turning up early for rehearsals(排练) on dark, cold, winter’s mornings in a chilly, empty hall; working till late in the evening on the night of a concert; travelling at all hours of the day and night; eating and sleeping when they can; trying to play well when they are tired or hungry or have a headache. (他们工作很长时间——在黑暗、寒冷的冬天早晨，在寒冷、空荡荡的大厅里早早起床排练；在音乐会的晚上工作到很晚；在白天和黑夜的任何时间旅行；能吃就吃，能睡就睡;当他们累了、饿了或头疼的时候，他们会试着演奏得很好。)”可知，在一个大型管弦乐队演奏是一项艰巨的工作，主要是因为排练需要付出艰苦的努力。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Whatever the conductor’s method, it is important that the musicians are happy with it. If the players don’t like the conductor, they can become very difficult, interrupting the session with questions or complaints. (不管指挥的方法是什么，重要的是演奏者们对此感到满意。如果演奏者不喜欢指挥，他们会变得很难相处，用问题或抱怨打断演奏。)”可知，一个有效的指挥家要得到演奏者的认可。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Above all, the musicians are also aware of whether they are playing well, not just individually but as a team. Knowing they are giving a good performance makes all the difference at the end of a long, hard day. (最重要的是，音乐家们也意识到他们是否演奏得很好，不仅仅是个人，而是作为一个团队。在漫长而艰苦的一天结束时，知道他们的表现很好会让一切变得不同。)”可知，当在表演中作为一个团队合作得很好时，管弦乐演奏者感到最大的成就感。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Much of an orchestra’s time is spent in rehearsal. (管弦乐队的大部分时间都花在排练上。)”以及第三段“If a rehearsal is held in the morning of a concert, everybody will be in casual clothes in the morning but in the evening they will change into formal dress. (如果音乐会的彩排是在早上进行的，那么大家在早上会穿便服，但在晚上他们会换上正装。)”结合文章主要说明了大型管弦乐队演奏需要付出艰苦的努力进行排练，解释了排练的过程以及对于演奏者的要求。可知，文章的主旨是排练对音乐家来说很重要。故选B。
D
Wikipedia(维基百科), one of the last remaining pillars of the open and free web, is in existential crisis.
The trend towards rationality(理性)was endangered long before the birth of the World Wide Web. As Neil Postman noted in his 1985 book Amusing Ourselves to Death, the rise of television introduced not just a new medium but a new atmosphere: a gradual shift from a typographic(印刷的)culture to a photographic one, which in turn meant a shift from rationality to emotions, opinions to entertainment.
In an image-centered and pleasure-driven world, Postman noted, there is no place for thinking, because you simply cannot think with images. It is text that enables us to “uncover lies and confusions, and to detect abuses of logic and common sense. It also means to weigh ideas, to compare and contrast statements, to connect one generalization to another.”
The dominance of television was not contained to our living rooms. It overturned all of those habits of mind, fundamentally changing our experience of the world, affecting politics, religion, business, and culture. It reduced many aspects of modern life to entertainment and commerce. “Americans don’t talk to each other; we entertain each other,” Postman wrote. “They don’t exchange ideas; they exchange images. They do not argue with propositions; they argue with good looks, celebrities and commercials.”
At first, the web seemed to push against this trend. When it emerged towards the late 1980s as a purely text-based medium, it was seen as a tool to pursue knowledge, not pleasure. Reason and thought were most valued in this garden. Universities were among the first to connect to this new medium, hosting discussion groups, informative blogs, electronic magazines, and academic forums. It was an intellectual project, not about commerce or control, created in a scientific research center in Switzerland.
Wikipedia was a fruit of this garden. So was Google search and its text-based advertising model. And so were blogs, which valued text, hyperlinks, knowledge, and literature. And for more than a decade, the web created an alternative space that threatened television’s power over society.
Social networks, though, have since colonized the web for television’s values. From Facebook to Instagram, the medium refocuses our attention on videos and images, rewarding emotional appeals — “like” buttons over rational ones. Instead of searching for knowledge, it engages us in an endless passion for instant approval from an audience, for which we are constantly but unconsciously performing. It reduces our curiosity by showing us exactly what we already want and think, based on our profiles and preferences. The Enlightenment’s motto(座右铭)of “Dare to know” has become “Dare not to care to know.”
Now the challenge is to save Wikipedia and its promise of a free and open collection of all human knowledge among the conquest of social media — how to collect and preserve knowledge when nobody cares to know. We need to understand that the decline of the web and thereby of the Wikipedia is part of a much larger civilizational shift which has just started to unfold.
12. According to Neil Postman, which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Television started a revolution in photographic technology.
B. Texts help people think critically to make judgements.
C Images give people more chances to communicate deeper.
D. The web was meant to serve as an entertainment platform.
13. The underlined word “propositions” in paragraph 4 probably means”________”.
A. experiences B. appearances C. opinions D. consequences
14. What can we infer about the influence of social media from the underlined sentence
A. We are constantly distracted and can’t focus for long.
B. We are well kept updated with the latest information.
C. We have become more curious about the outside world.
D. We have become uninterested in intellectual pursuits.
15. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage
A. The Decline of Television
B. The Power of Social Media
C. Why We Amuse Ourselves to Death
D. How Social Media Endangers Knowledge
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述了社交网络对于知识追求的危害。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“In an image-centered and pleasure-driven world, Postman noted, there is no place for thinking, because you simply cannot think with images. It is text that enables us to “uncover lies and confusions, and to detect abuses of logic and common sense. It also means to weigh ideas, to compare and contrast statements, to connect one generalization to another.”(波兹曼指出，在一个以图像为中心、以快乐为导向的世界里，没有思考的余地，因为你根本无法用图像来思考。正是文本使我们能够“揭露谎言和混乱，发现对逻辑和常识的滥用。它也意味着权衡观点，比较和对比陈述，将一个概括与另一个概括联系起来。”)”可知，尼尔·波兹曼认为文本帮助人们批判性地思考，做出判断。故选B。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据前文“They don’t exchange ideas; they exchange images.(他们不交换思想；他们交换图像。)”和画线句“They do not argue with propositions; they argue with good looks, celebrities and commercials.(他们不与propositions争论；他们争论帅气的外表、名人和广告。)”可知，前后文是对比关系，画线词与“good looks, celebrities and commercials”对照，说明人们争论电视上的东西“帅气的外表、名人和广告”这些图像而不是交换思想，争论观点，画线词与C项“观点”意思一致。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据前文“Instead of searching for knowledge, it engages us in an endless passion for instant approval from an audience, for which we are constantly but unconsciously performing. It reduces our curiosity by showing us exactly what we already want and think, based on our profiles and preferences.(它不是寻求知识，而是让我们陷入一种无尽的激情中，想要得到观众的即时认可，我们一直在无意识地为之表演。它根据我们的个人资料和偏好，准确地向我们展示我们已经想要和思考的东西，从而降低我们的好奇心。)”可知，社交网络让我们不再寻求知识，降低好奇心，因此从画线句“The Enlightenment’s motto(座右铭)of “Dare to know” has become “Dare not to care to know.”(启蒙运动的格言“敢于知道”已经变成了“不敢在乎知道”。)”可推断出，我们对知识追求变得不感兴趣。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wikipedia(维基百科), one of the last remaining pillars of the open and free web, is in existential crisis.(维基百科，开放和自由网络的最后支柱之一，正处于生存危机之中。)”和第二段的“The trend towards rationality(理性)was endangered long before the birth of the World Wide Web.( 早在万维网诞生之前，理性的趋势就已岌岌可危。)”以及下文关于电视，社交媒体对于人们追求知识的危害可知，文章主要讲述了社交网络对于知识追求的危害，因此推断D项“社交媒体如何危害知识”为最佳标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Spotting AI art mistakes
Artificial intelligence(AI) has been increasingly good at fooling people. Several photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people’s attention. They were fake but very convincing.
Created by the AI program Midjourney, the photos were highly realistic, from the characters’ movements to the surroundings. ____16____ The Washington Post’s technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips. The main idea is to spot the glitches-anything that would look strange in a photo.
____17____ It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers. This is because AI isn’t sure what a “hand” exactly is, according to Popular Science. The data Al uses to learn often show hands and fingers in different kinds of gestures, which can be very confusing for AI.
AI-generated images also usually contain details that contradict reality. ____18____ To spot this, focus on small items which are easy to ignore. And if there’s a text in an image, such as a newspaper or poster, it’s usually garbled (篡改的), even though the text may look realistic from a distance.
Another thing AI is terrible at handling is the background. If there’s a crowd in the image, people’s faces in the background are usually unclear. ____19____
The development of AI-generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation. ____20____ Jamie Cohen, a digital culture and AI expert in the US, argued that generating an AI artwork is to “create reality”. He added that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills. “The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become,” Shane Kittelson, a US researcher, told The Washington Post.
A. Sometimes even worse, they don’t have faces at all!
B. Al software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly.
C. Experts are concerned that misinformation may hit an all-time high.
D. Al-generated art raises tricky questions about copyright and security.
E. However, many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI.
F. For example, earrings or one part of people’s sunglasses may be missing in an image.
G. Searching images also provides clues—if no original photo comes up, it is likely to be fake.
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. F 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能(AI)的负面影响，会生成与现实不符的虚假图像，传播错误信息。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Created by the AI program Midjourney, the photos were highly realistic, from the characters’ movements to the surroundings. (这些照片由人工智能程序Midjourney制作，从人物的动作到周围环境，都非常逼真。)”以及后文“The Washington Post’s technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips. The main idea is to spot the glitches-anything that would look strange in a photo. (《华盛顿邮报》的科技作家希拉·奥维德分享了她的建议。主要的想法是发现故障——任何在照片中看起来很奇怪的东西。)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出如何发现AI生成图像的办法，故E选项“然而，许多细节会泄露它们是人工智能制造的事实”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据后文“It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers. This is because AI isn’t sure what a “hand” exactly is, according to Popular Science. The data Al uses to learn often show hands and fingers in different kinds of gestures, which can be very confusing for AI. (它有时可以创造出超过五个手指的手。据《大众科学》报道，这是因为人工智能不确定“手”到底是什么。人工智能用来学习的数据经常以不同的手势显示手和手指，这可能会让人工智能非常困惑。)”可知，本段主要说明了人工智能生成手方面的错误，故B选项“人工智能软件有错误生成人手的历史”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“AI-generated images also usually contain details that contradict reality. (人工智能生成的图像通常也包含与现实相矛盾的细节。)”可知，本句承接上文，就人工智能生成的图像通常也包含与现实相矛盾的细节进行举例，故F选项“例如，人们的耳环或太阳镜的一部分可能会在图像中丢失。”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Another thing AI is terrible at handling is the background. If there’s a crowd in the image, people’s faces in the background are usually unclear. (AI在处理背景方面也很糟糕。如果照片中有一群人，背景中人们的脸通常是不清楚的。)”可知，上文提到了背景中的人们脸不清楚，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，继续说明这一情况。故A选项“有时候更糟的是，他们根本没有脸”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The development of AI-generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation. (人工智能生成艺术的发展也为这些虚假图像如何被用来传播错误信息敲响了警钟。)”以及后文“Jamie Cohen, a digital culture and AI expert in the US, argued that generating an AI artwork is to “create reality”. He added that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills. “The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become,” Shane Kittelson, a US researcher, told The Washington Post. (美国数字文化和人工智能专家Jamie Cohen认为，创作一件人工智能艺术品就是“创造现实”。他补充说，要辨别作品的真伪需要很高的媒体素养。美国研究人员谢恩·基特尔森在接受《华盛顿邮报》采访时表示：“世界可能还没有准备好接受这些图像变得如此逼真。”)”可知，后文主要提到了专家对于错误信息的担忧，故C选项“专家担心错误信息可能达到历史最高水平。”符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was born and raised in the Netherlands, and I had always lived there until I was 30 years old. In the Dutch ____21____, I was sociable and intelligent. And it never occurred to me that this could be different in another culture. ____22____, the first time I moved to the US, I felt emotionally out of ____23____ on many occasions. I want to ____24____ this with three true stories.
At the start of my stay at the University of Michigan, one professor asked me to join a seminar on emotions. I introduced myself in an ____25____ way as “interested in culture and emotion.” The professor then added my self-introduction to ____26____ American standards, saying that I was one of the world’s experts on the topic. In response, I looked down in ____27____, thinking “expert” was a big word.
We lived in North Carolina and had friends coming over to dinner. Conversations were lively and there was a lot of sharing. When my guests left, they thanked me for dinner. My heart ____28____, because “thanking for dinner” in the Netherlands means that the relationship is distant.
I wrote on my student’s paper that part of her paper was “boring”, then I told my undergraduate students at my U. S. university that they should reflect better and ____29____ more readings. In their teaching ____30____, students wrote that I was “rude”.
No one would suggest the Netherlands and the U.S. are dramatically different cultures. The professor meant to make me feel good, but instead made me ____31____ . My friends meant to show ____32____, but I thought they were distancing themselves from us. I meant to give my students the comments to which they were ____33____ , but they felt it was rude. Where did it go wrong
We think emotions are feelings deep inside us, but ____34____, we always have our emotions in interactions with others. Our emotions are not ____35____ mental feelings, but deeply rooted in the culture where we are raised.
21.
A. content B. context C. contact D. contract
22.
A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Moreover
23.
A shape B. place C. order D. sight
24.
A. generate B. appreciate C. dominate D. illustrate
25.
A. over-reacted B. over-estimated C. under-developed D. under-stated
26.
A. fit B. bend C. lower D. set
27.
A. disappointment B. amazement C. embarrassment D. excitement
28.
A. raced B. melted C. ached D. sank
29.
A. contribute to B. refer to C. adapt to D. appeal to
30.
A. evaluations B. predictions C. compositions D. preparations
31.
A. uncomfortable B. unconfident C. unconstrained D. unforgiving
32.
A. respect B. curiosity C. concern D. gratitude
33.
A. addicted B. entitled C. compared D. attached
34.
A in total B. in advance C. in reality D. in detail
35.
A. mostly B. merely C. rarely D. nearly
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者作为一个土生土长的荷兰人，在与美国人交流时发现了身处不同文化中的人表达情感的方式也不同。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在荷兰的背景下，我善于交际，也很聪明。A. content内容；B. context背景；C. contact联系；D. contract合同。根据上文“I was born and raised in the Netherlands, and I had always lived there until I was 30 years old. (我在荷兰出生和长大，我一直住在那里直到30岁。)”可知，此处指作者成长的荷兰背景。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我第一次搬到美国时，我在很多场合都感到情绪上的不适应。A. Therefore因此；B. Instead相反；C. However然而；D. Moreover此外。根据上文“And it never occurred to me that this could be different in another culture. (我从来没有想过这在另一种文化中可能是不同的。)”以及后文可知前后文为转折关系，应用however。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我第一次搬到美国时，我在很多场合都感到情绪上的不适应。A. shape形状；B. place地方；C. order订单；D. sight视力。根据上文“I felt emotionally out of”此处指作者感到不适，为短语out of place表示“不适应”。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想用三个真实的故事来说明这一点。A. generate产生；B. appreciate欣赏；C. dominate统治；D. illustrate说明。根据后文“this with three true stories”可知，作者用了三个故事来说明自己在美国的情绪不适应。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我低调地介绍自己“对文化和情感感兴趣”。A. over-reacted反应过度；B. over-estimated夸大的；C. under-developed落后的；D. under-stated轻描淡写的。根据后文“way as “interested in culture and emotion.””可知，作者低调地介绍自己“对文化和情感感兴趣”。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后教授根据美国的标准加上了我的自我介绍，说我是世界上这方面的专家之一。A. fit适应；B. bend弯曲；C. lower降低；D. set设置。根据后文“American standards, saying that I was one of the world’s experts on the topic”可知，教授对作者自我介绍的补充是为了适合美国的标准。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，我尴尬地低下了头，心想“专家”这个词太大了。A. disappointment失望；B. amazement惊讶；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. excitement激动。根据后文“thinking “expert” was a big word”可知，作者认为教授说自己是专家很尴尬。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心一沉，因为在荷兰，“感谢晚餐”意味着关系疏远。A. raced比赛；B. melted融化；C. ached疼痛；D. sank下沉。根据后文“because “thanking for dinner” in the Netherlands means that the relationship is distant.”可知，客人表示感谢，作者心一沉，因为在荷兰，“感谢晚餐”意味着关系疏远。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在我的学生的论文上写道，她的论文有一部分很“无聊”，然后我告诉我在美国大学的本科生，他们应该更好地反思，更多地参考阅读。A. contribute to有助于；B. refer to参考；C. adapt to适应；D. appeal to吸引。根据后文“more readings”可知，作者告诉在美国大学的本科生，他们应该更好地反思，更多地参考阅读。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的教学评价中，学生们写道我很“粗鲁”。A. evaluations评估；B. predictions预测；C. compositions创作；D. preparations准备。根据后文“students wrote that I was “rude””可知，此处指学生对作者的教学评价，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教授本想让我感觉良好，结果却让我感到不舒服。A. uncomfortable不舒服的；B. unconfident不自信的；C. unconstrained不勉强的；D. unforgiving不原谅的。根据上文“thinking “expert” was a big word”可知，教授的做法让作者感到不舒服。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们本想表示感谢，但我认为他们在疏远我们。A. respect尊重；B. curiosity好奇心；C. concern关心；D. gratitude感激。根据上文“When my guests left, they thanked me for dinner. (当我的客人离开时，他们感谢我的晚餐。)”此处指客人表达感谢，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我本打算给学生们他们有权得到的评论，但他们觉得这样做很粗鲁。A. addicted沉迷的；B. entitled享有权利的；C. compared比较的；D. attached附加的。根据上文“I meant to give my students the comments to which they were”可知，作者认为学生有权得到老师的评价，be entitled to表示“有权利做某事”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们认为情绪是我们内心深处的感受，但实际上，我们总是在与他人的互动中产生情绪。A. in total总共；B. in advance提前；C. in reality实际上；D. in detail详细地。根据后文“we always have our emotions in interactions with others.”可知，我们认为情绪是我们内心深处的感受，但实际上，我们总是在与他人的互动中产生情绪。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的情绪不仅仅是心理感受，而是深深植根于我们成长的文化。A. mostly多半；B. merely仅仅；C. rarely很少；D. nearly几乎。根据后文“but deeply rooted in the culture where we are raised”可知，情绪不仅仅是心理感受，而是深深植根于我们成长的文化。故选B。
第二节短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Van Gogh is today one of the most popular of the Post-impressionist painters. ____36____ he was not widely appreciated during his lifetime, he is now well-known for the great vitality of his works which are characterized by expressive use of brilliant colour and energetic ____37____ (apply) of paint. The severe emotional shock and pain of his life,____38____ (record) in his letters, have tended to dominate and distort modern perceptions of his art.
Van Gogh was born in Holland, the son of a preacher; he travelled to London in1873, and first visited Paris in 1874. Over the next decade he was employed in ____39____ (vary) ways, including as a lay preacher. By 1883 he ____40____ (start) painting, and in 1885-1886 he attended the academy in Antwerp where he ____41____ (impress) by Japanese prints and by the works of Rubens. On his return to Paris in 1886 he met artists such as Degas, Gauguin and Seurat, and as a result lightened the colours he used.
In 1888 Van Gogh settled in Arles in Provence, ____42____ he was visited by Gauguin and painted his now famous series ____43____“Sunflowers”. In ____44____ following year a nervous breakdown brought him to a hospital at St Remy. It was at this period _____45_____ he painted “A Wheat field, with Cypresses”. In 1890, suffering from a new bout of depression, he shot himself in the chest and died two days later.
【答案】36. Although## Though
37. application
38. recorded
39. various
40. had started
41. was impressed
42. where 43. of
44. the 45. that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了画家梵高的生平经历和作品。
【36题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：虽然他生前没有受到广泛的赞赏，但他现在以其作品的巨大活力而闻名，这些作品的特点是表现性地使用明亮的色彩和充满活力的油漆。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用although或though，首字母大写。故填Although/Though。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然他生前没有受到广泛的赞赏，但他现在以其作品的巨大活力而闻名，这些作品的特点是表现性地使用明亮的色彩和充满活力的颜料。作介词的宾语，应用名词application，不可数。故填application。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他的信件中记录了他生活中严重的情感冲击和痛苦，这往往主导和扭曲了现代人对他艺术的看法。分析句子结构可知record与逻辑主语shock and pain构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填recorded。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在接下来的十年里，他以各种方式受雇，包括作为一个世俗的传教士。修饰名词ways应用形容词various，故填various。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：1883年，他开始绘画，1885年至1886年，他进入安特卫普学院学习，在那里他对日本版画和鲁本斯的作品印象深刻。根据上文By 1883可知表示过去的过去，为过去完成时，故填had started。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：1883年，他开始绘画，1885年至1886年，他进入安特卫普学院学习，在那里他对日本版画和鲁本斯的作品印象深刻。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文in 1885-1886可知发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为he，谓语用单数。故填was impressed。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1888年，梵高在普罗旺斯的阿尔勒定居，高更拜访了他，并在那里画了他现在著名的《向日葵》系列。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Arles，关系词在从句作地点状语，故填where。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：1888年，梵高在普罗旺斯的阿尔勒定居，高更拜访了他，并在那里画了他现在著名的《向日葵》系列。表示“系列”短语为series of。故填of。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：第二年，由于精神崩溃，他住进了圣雷米的医院。表示“在接下来的”短语为in the following。故填the。
【45题详解】
考查强调句。句意：正是在这个时期，他创作了《麦田里的柏树》。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句：it was+被强调部分+that/who+其他，被强调部分为at this period，故填that。
第四部分 课内语言知识运用（共三节，满分37分）
第一节 名词性从句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句子内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词。
46. There is still some doubt ________ the sports meeting will be held in our school next Friday because of the possible rain. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】whether
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：由于可能下雨，我们学校下星期五是否举行运动会仍有疑问。说明doubt的内容，引导同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether。故填whether。
47. As the city expands, dozens of modern buildings have been set up in ________ was a wasteland ten years ago. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：随着城市的扩张，十年前的荒地上建起了几十座现代建筑。介词后接宾语从句，从句缺主语，表示“事物、东西”，使用连接代词what引导。故填what。
48. The latest news reported how the woman was saved by the firefighters and ________ she was currently recovering in the hospital. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：最新的新闻报道了这名女子是如何被消防员救出来的，目前她正在医院康复。此处为and并列的宾语从句，句子结构和意思都完整，所以用that引导宾语从句。故填that。
49. You think that your parents don’t care about you at all. That’s ________ you are wrong. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你认为你的父母一点也不关心你。这就是你错的地方。引导表语从句，从句表示“……的地方”应用where。故填where。
50. I loved it ________ my grandmother stroked my head and sang a lullaby to me when I was a little child. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我喜欢奶奶抚摸我的头，给我唱摇篮曲。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用when，it作宾语。故填when。
51. One reason for her preference for city life is ________she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：她喜欢城市生活的一个原因是她可以很方便地去商店和餐馆。在表语从句成分和意义都完整，所以应用连接词that。故填that。
52. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge. （用单词适当形式填空）
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们选择这家宾馆是因为一晚上的住宿费降到了20美元，这是该宾馆过去要价的一半。“half of _______ it used to charge”是$20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的$20；另外，of是宾语从句；宾语从句中的charge后面缺少宾语，所以用what来引导宾语从句，并充当宾语从句中的宾语，故填what。
53. As a representative in the United Nations, ________ you say things is as important as what you say and when you say them. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】how
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：作为联合国的代表，你说话的方式和你说什么以及什么时候说同样重要。在主语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且根据“as important as what you say and when you say them”可知，此处是指你说话的方式，所以应用连接副词how表示“如何”。故填how。
54. Many graduates mistakenly apply for jobs they are obviously not qualified for, leaving them confused about ________ they’re not getting interviews. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】why
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：许多毕业生错误地申请了他们显然不符合条件的工作，让他们困惑为什么他们没有得到面试机会。分析句子结构可知，本空引导宾语从句，从句缺少“为什么”含义，应用连接副词why引导。故填why。
55. It was uncertain ________ consequences the storm would bring about, although the weather forecast reported that it could be really destructive. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：目前还不确定风暴会带来什么后果，尽管天气预报称它可能具有真正的破坏性。分析句子可知，这里考查主语从句，it在本句中为形式主语， consequences the storm would bring abou为主语从句，而这里表示“什么后果”，所以应用what引导。故填what。
第二节 非谓语动词语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句子内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
56. With his eyes ________(fix) on the screen, he paid no attention to things happening around him. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】fixed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他目不转睛地盯着屏幕，没有注意到周围发生的事情。此处eyes与fix构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填fixed。
57. There is no point ________(complain) about everything. You’d better change your attitude towards life. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】complaining
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：没有必要事事抱怨。你最好改变你的生活态度。此处为句型there is no point doing sth.表示“没有必要做某事”。故填complaining。
58. Mr. Green stood up in defense of the boy, saying that he was not the one ________ (blame) for the accident. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to blame
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：格林先生站起来为那个男孩辩护，说他不应该为这次事故负责。(be) to blame表示“该受到责备”，主动形式表示被动意义，所以此处应用to blame作后置定语，修饰one。故填to blame。
59. ________(not finish) her work this morning, she had to cancel her appointment with her friends. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Not finishing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：没有完成她今天早上的工作，她不得不取消与朋友的约会。分析句子可知，finish用非谓语动词形式作原因状语，与主语she是主动关系，用现在分词形式，否定式在其前加not，故填Not finishing。
60. Standing on the top of the mountain is an ancient tower __________（date）back to two hundred years ago．
【答案】dating
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：矗立在山顶上的是一座可追溯到两百年前的古塔。分析句子可知，空中用来修饰名词tower做定语，并且和tower为主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。 故填dating。
61. The lady was moved by the story, tears ________ (roll) down her face. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】rolling
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：那位女士被这个故事感动了，眼泪从脸上滚落下来。分析句子结构可知，此处为独立主格结构，且tears与roll为主动关系，故用现在分词。故填rolling。
62. In order to avoid ________(catch) for violating visa conditions, many foreign drivers use other people’s accounts. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】being caught
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免因违反签证条件而被捕，许多外国司机使用他人的账户。avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。catch的逻辑主语是many foreign drivers，二者之间是动宾关系，所以应用动名词的被动形式。故填being caught。
63. ________ (judge) from her clothes, she’s pretty rich and well-educated. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Judging
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：从她的衣着判断，她很有钱，而且受过良好的教育。表示“根据……判断”句型为judging from，独立成分作状语，首字母大写。故填Judging。
64. The president is scheduled to attend the meeting ________ (hold) next month. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to be held
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总统预定出席下个月举行的会议。此处表示将来的动作，应用不定式作定语，且hold与meeting构成被动关系，故用to be done形式。故填to be held。
65. ________（absorb）in their game, the children skipped their lunch and didn’t feel hungry at all. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Absorbed
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这些孩子全神贯注地玩游戏，没有吃午饭，一点也不觉得饿。动词absorb和主语之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，be absorbed in“专心于”是固定搭配。位于句首，首字母大写，故填Absorbed。
第三节 单词和词组填空（共17小题；每小题1分，满分17分）
66. The study i________the impact of violent TV programs on children and found that it increased the likelihood of aggressive behavior. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】investigated##nvestigated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这项研究调查了暴力电视节目对儿童的影响，发现它增加了儿童出现攻击性行为的可能性。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词investigate，根据后文found可知为一般过去时。故填investigated。
67. Adele’s latest album, which was just r________ last week, became an instant hit. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】released##eleased
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：阿黛尔上周刚刚发布的最新专辑一炮而红。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词release，作谓语，与主语构成被动关系，根据上文was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填released。
68. Despite several defeats, the coach still managed to b________ the team’s confidence, which contributed to their final success.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】boost##oost
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：尽管经历了几次失败，教练仍然设法增强了全队的信心，这有助于他们取得最后的胜利。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词boost，此处为不定式作宾语，应填原形。故填boost。
69. Celebrities and pop stars can use Weibo as a platform to increase i________with fans by responding to their comments. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】interaction##nteraction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：名人和流行歌星可以利用微博作为平台，通过回复粉丝的评论来增加与粉丝的互动。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词interaction，作宾语，不可数。故填interaction。
70. Martin Luther King was c________ to advocating for equality, spending his lifetime on the civil rights movement in America. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】committed##ommitted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：马丁·路德·金致力于倡导平等，毕生致力于美国的民权运动。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填入committed，构成短语be committed to“致力于”。故填committed。
71. The new law aims to bring an end to widespread d________ against the elderly in the job market.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】discrimination##iscrimination
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这项新法律旨在结束就业市场上普遍存在的对老年人的歧视。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词discrimination，作宾语，不可数。故填discrimination。
72. The public was never convinced that John Snow was the murderer since there was no p________ evidence. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】physical##hysical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于没有物证，公众一直不相信约翰·斯诺是凶手。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词physical“物质的”，作定语，修饰名词evidence。physical evidence“实物证据”。故填physical。
73. The World Cup Qatar 2022 was s________ by Coca Cola, which provided financial support for the smooth operation. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】sponsored##ponsored
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：2022年卡塔尔世界杯由可口可乐公司赞助，可口可乐公司为其顺利运营提供了资金支持。根据空前的was和空后的by Coca Cola并结合首字母提示，这里应用及物动词sponsor，意为“赞助，主办”。主语The World Cup Qatar 2022和sponsor之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且空前有was，所以空处应用过去分词。故填sponsored。
74. The 1980s w________ a population boom and enormous economic growth. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】witnessed##itnessed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：20世纪80年代见证了人口激增和巨大的经济增长。根据句意和首字母提示，应填witness“见证”作谓语，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填witnessed。
75. In his commencement speech at Harvard University, Steve Jobs first e________ his sincere thanks to the school committee.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】expressed##xpressed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：在哈佛大学的毕业典礼上，乔布斯首先向学校委员会表示了衷心的感谢。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词express，作谓语，结合语境可知发生在过去用一般过去时。故填expressed。
76. Special programs of study are t________ to the needs of specific groups. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】tailored##ailored
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：特殊的学习计划是根据特定群体的需要量身定制的。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词tailor，与主语构成被动关系，结合are可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填tailored。
77. What you said is true; n________, it was a little unkind. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】nonetheless##onetheless；nevertheless##evertheless
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：你说的是真的；尽管如此，这还是有点不友好。根据“What you said is true”和“it was a little unkind”可知，前后构成转折关系，且根据首字母n可知，此处应用副词nonetheless/nevertheless表示“然而，尽管如此”作状语。故填nonetheless/nevertheless。
78. We must ________ ________（把……讲清楚）the simple fact that drugs are dangerous. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. get ②. across
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词组。句意：我们必须把毒品是危险的这一简单事实讲清楚。动词词组：get across“将……表达清楚；被理解”。根据情态动词must的提示可知使用动词原形形式。故填get across。
79. The professor ________ ________ ________(被控告) stealing his student’s ideas and publishing them.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. was ②. accused ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：教授被指控窃取学生的想法并发表。根据汉语提示可知短语为be accused of，结合语境可知发生在过去，主语为单数名词，谓语用单数。故填was accused of。
80. After the first Librairie Avant-Grade opened in Nanjing, a variety of bookstores ________ ________ (迅速出现，突然兴起) all over the city. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. sprang ②. up
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：第一家前卫书店在南京开业后，各种各样的书店如雨后春笋般遍布全城。根据汉语提示可知短语为spring up，结合opened可知发生在过去为一般过去时。故填sprang up。
81. With the living costs ________ ________(逐步增加), some families can no longer make both ends meet. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. mounting ②. up
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：随着生活成本的上升，一些家庭已经入不敷出了。根据汉语提示可知短语为mount up，与costs为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填mount up。
82. News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are constantly ________ ________ ________ (揭露，披露). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. brought ②. to ③. light
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：在事件的不同阶段撰写的新闻报道可能包含不同的信息，因为新的事实不断被曝光。根据汉语提示可知短语为bring to light，与主语构成被动关系，根据are可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填brought to light。
第五部分 写作（满分18分：写作15分，书写分3分）
83. 假设你是李华，你的朋友Anthony对中国古诗很感兴趣，报名参加了“我最喜爱的中国古代诗人”（My Favorite Ancient Chinese Poet）英语演讲比赛，但不知如何准备，来信寻求你的建议。请你用英语写一封回信，内容如下：
1.推荐诗人及推荐原因；
2.演讲的注意事项；
3.鼓励和祝福。
注意：
1.词数80词左右；
2.短文的开头已写好，不计入总数。
Dear Anthony
Hearing that you have signed up for the English Speaking Contest “My Favorite Ancient Chinese Poet”,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Anthony,
Hearing that you have signed up for the English Speaking Contest “My Favorite Ancient Chinese Poet”, I feel very proud. Knowing your interest in the classical Chinese poetry, I recommend Li Bal to you, a typical romantic poet from the tang dynasty and crowned as Fairy Poet. Believe it or not, he has left us nearly 1, 000 compositions, many of which still enjoy great popularity today including his Quiet Night Thoughts.
I think when you stand on the platform, take it easy and keep smiling from the start. What’s more, your voice should remain clear and loud to reach the audience.
I believe you can make it and wish you good luck.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，你的朋友Anthony对中国古诗很感兴趣，报名参加了“我最喜爱的中国古代诗人”（My Favorite Ancient Chinese Poet）英语演讲比赛，但不知如何准备，来信寻求你的建议。请你用英语写一封回信，
【详解】1.词汇积累
包含：include→ consist of
放松：take it easy→be relaxed
此外：what’s more→in addition
成功：make it→succeed
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Knowing your interest in the classical Chinese poetry, I recommend Li Bal to you, a typical romantic poet from the tang dynasty and crowned as Fairy Poet.
拓展句：Knowing your interest in the classical Chinese poetry, I recommend Li Bal to you, who is a typical romantic poet from the tang dynasty and crowned as Fairy Poet.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Knowing your interest in the classical Chinese poetry, I recommend Li Bal to you, a typical romantic poet from the tang dynasty and crowned as Fairy Poet.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】
Believe it or not, he has left us nearly 1, 000 compositions, many of which still enjoy great popularity today including his Quiet Night Thoughts.（运用了介词+关系代词引导定语从句）南京师大附中2023-2024学年度第1学期
高二年级期末考试英语试卷
注意事项
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1.本试卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。
2.答卷前，务必将姓名、班级、学号、考场号、座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3.请用0.5毫米黑色签字笔按题号在答题卡指定区域作答，在其它位置作答一律无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中出最佳选项选。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How many bowls of soup does the man want
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
2. How does the woman want to travel
A. By ferry. B. By sea bus. C. By train.
3. Who could help the woman
A. Her neighbor. B. Her teacher. C. The man.
4. What does the man seem to think about the little dog
A. It will grow very fast.
B. It will need too much care.
C. It will certainly hurt someone.
5. How long will the woman stay at the bakery
A. About 15 minutes. B. About 5 minutes. C. About 20 minutes.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the conversation mainly about
A. Applying for a passport.
B. Growing up in a rich family.
C. Borrowing money from a bank.
7. What does the man have to bring tomorrow
A. A passport.
B. A driver’s license.
C. A recommendation letter.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At home. B. In a gym. C. In a park.
9. What is special about the new training equipment
A. It’s all in the same area.
B. It’s in a park rather than a gym.
C. It’s located throughout the whole park.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. A couple. C. Strangers.
11. Who probably has the mail now
A. The woman. B. The man’s sister. C. The woman’s secretary.
12. Why did the man fail to realize the mistake in the first week
A. He was sick.
B. He was too busy.
C. He was on vacation.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the man feel about the technology show
A. Disappointed. B. Impressed. C. Confused.
14. Why is the woman concerned
A. She thinks the man is careless about people.
B. She has no idea what she will write for her term paper.
C. She is afraid that it might not be good for people to use robots.
15. According to the man, what should China do
A. Research the effects of robots on daily life.
B. Become more competitive by using robots.
C. Hire more engineers to develop new technology.
16. What is the man probably
A. A professor. B. A reporter. C. A student.
听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。
17. When did Salman Khan start devoting all his time to Khan Academy
A. In 2005. B. In 2009. C. In 2015.
18. How does Khan Academy get money
A. It charges a fee from users.
B. It gets money from donations.
C. It sells educational videos to schools.
19. Which aspect of Khan Academy is probably the most popular
A. Tutoring in mathematics.
B. Preparations for some tests.
C. Instructions on how to create cartoons.
20. Who can benefit from Khan Academy
A. Students of all ages.
B. Only high school students.
C. Mainly children aged two to six.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A visit to Antarctica is much more than a holiday. Remote and undamaged, any journey there is a unique adventure you’ll find nowhere else on earth.
As you cruise in style aboard Discovery, you will gaze upon majestic, icy peaks, giant icebergs and diverse wildlife that includes whales, seals, penguins and birds. You will sail through glass y bays and have the opportunity, weather permitting, to set foot on Antarctica’s shores and volcanic beaches. On all cruises, you will get as close to nature as you would on smaller ships, while enjoying a higher class of Discovery’s 4-star comforts.
Exciting cruises aboard Discovery
No single supplement on cabins
Voyage to Antarctica
20 Days, departing 16 November 2023
From Lisbon across the Atlantic Ocean to Buenos Aires with stops in exotic settings like Funchal, Rio de Janeiro and Ushuaia
Now from 3575
Antarctica, Chile &Patagonia
18 Days, departing 16 December 2023
From Buenos Aires sail to Antarctica and depart the ship in Santiago
Now from 3145
Note: some sailings might be in reverse, from Santiago to Buenos Aires
Cape to Cape
23 Days, departing 7 February 2023
Leave from Buenos Aires and sail around Cape Horn, visit Antarctica and make your way to Cape Town, South Africa
Now from 2995
What’s included:
●All meals, entertainment and tips on board. Return flights to/from UK. Overseas transfers between airports, hotels and ship. Hotel stays in Buenos Aires and Santiago. Informative lecture programme, Landings ashore and small boat sightseeing.
●PLUS—Save an extra 500 per couple on early bookings before September 2023.
The priority of the cruises is to provide you with opportunities to learn about Antarctica’s fragile ecosystem. Lectures given by Dr. Peter Carey and his team will bring Antarctica to life. They will accompany you on your landings ashore and on small boat field trips（depending on ice and weather conditions）.
1. What activity is included on Discovery cruises
A. Camping on the volcanic beaches.
B. Interacting with seals and penguins if possible.
C. Swimming through the waters filled with icebergs.
D. Setting foot on Antarctica’s shores if the weather allows.
2. Which month’s cruise plan offers the possibility of sailing in the opposite way
A. February. B. December. C. November. D. September.
3. A major focus of Discovery cruises is ________.
A. extending luxury hotel stays B. small boat sightseeing and landing ashore
C learning about the environment of Antarctica D. providing free meals and entertainment on board
B
“Think different.”—Apple
“The only thing worse than being talked about is not being talked about.”—Oscar Wilde
Apple’s two-word slogan and Oscar Wilde’s wit are examples of microstyle, the art of creating short messages that grab attention, communicate instantly, stick in the mind, and roll off the tongue. We all need microstyle in this age of social media. Twitter and Facebook provide an opportunity to use writing in everyday life. However, today readers have too much to absorb, and knowing how to write short, powerful messages is one of the most important writing skills in the 21st century. Here are some techniques for getting noticed.
Help people find meaning
The meanings of words are the result of background knowledge, associations and assumptions that linguist Charles Fillmore called “municating well is largely a matter of successful framing. Consider the slogan of Lilipit, which makes educational software for children: “Feeding curiosity daily”. The word “education” is avoided because it produces a dry teaching or training context, but “curiosity” made the software into something people would want to use. That is an example of great framing. Framing also uses metaphor, which can make complex meanings immediately accessible. Consider the way the name Twitter, for example, uses the simple notion of birds chattering to give a sense of what this multi-vocal communication platform is all about.
Make it sing
People remember short messages by their sounds. Poets know this, of course, as do advertisers. Names and slogans make use of rhythm and rhyme. The classic Hallmark slogan, “When you care enough to send the very best” uses the same rhythm found in Shakespeare’s blank verse. Rhyme brightens slogans such as “Must-see TV” and names such as 7-Eleven. Specific sounds can go well with the meanings of the messages. Makers of beauty products, such as Chanel, Avon and L’Oreal, have names with “soft” sounds. However, a company such as Black and Decker, which makes tools, has a name with a forceful rhythm and “hard” consonants.
Be creative
Sometimes a message will get the power from the way it toys with the old and familiar. After the crisis of 2019 a finance company used the slogan, “We turn the financial world right side up”. This reversed the usual expression “to turn something upside down”. So to make people understand your point, you do not ________. A few words, cleverly chosen, will do the job for you.
4. Based on the text, microstyle messages are ________.
A. easy to ignore B. hard to pronounce
C. easy to remember D. hard to understand
5. Fillmore’s “frames” indicate that words ________.
A mean only one thing B. have meanings that never change
C. have fairly obvious meanings D. depend on experience for their meaning
6. According to the text, which statement is TRUE
A. The social media ask people to write short messages.
B. The name“7-eleven”uses numbers to grab attention.
C. Twitter emphasizes the sounds birds use to communicate.
D. Black and Decker uses strong rhythm to go well with its products.
7. Which of the following goes in the gap in the last paragraph
A. have to break a routine B. have to use lots of words
C. need to choose the right idea D. need to employ the proper writing strategies
C
Playing in a big international orchestra is one of life’s most exciting experiences, yet it is also a very tough job. Players are part of a team of eighty or more musicians playing some of the world’s greatest music. They work very long hours—turning up early for rehearsals (排练) on dark, cold, winter’s mornings in a chilly, empty hall; working till late in the evening on the night of a concert; travelling at all hours of the day and night; eating and sleeping when they can; trying to play well when they are tired or hungry or have a headache. There’s not much time left for family or friends. In fact, their family is the rest of the orchestra. The musicians share the quick pace and the worries, but they also share the wonderful moments when they are all playing together and feel on top of the world.
Much of an orchestra’s time is spent in rehearsal. The players may already know the music by heart, but every conductor has his or her own ideas about how a piece of music should be played. Some conductors like to go through a piece of music bar by bar, stopping the orchestra each time they want to make a comment. Others let an orchestra play for long stretches at a time, then go back to a particular point they want to rehearse again. Whatever the conductor’s method, it is important that the musicians are happy with it. If the players don’t like the conductor, they can become very difficult, interrupting the session with questions or complaints. At one time conductors, such as Toscanini, used to get such fine performances out of an orchestra by shouting at the musicians and almost frightening them into playing well. That sort of behavior would not work with most orchestras today. After all, orchestral musicians are highly trained and experienced people and they should be treated with respect.
If a rehearsal is held in the morning of a concert, everybody will be in casual clothes in the morning but in the evening they will change into formal dress. Most will arrive at least an hour early to unpack and inspect their instruments—violinists to check their strings and bow, woodwind players to check their reeds, and everyone to run over any difficult passages of music.
Musicians, like actors, are aware of the audience; they notice whether the audience is a good one or not. A good audience will listen and respond to the music, whereas a difficult audience coughs and fidgets throughout the performance. Above all, the musicians are also aware of whether they are playing well, not just individually but as a team. Knowing they are giving a good performance makes all the difference at the end of a long, hard day.
8. Playing in a large orchestra is a tough job mainly because ________.
A. members get sick from time to time B. rehearsals require painstaking efforts
C. the competition among members is fierce D. family gatherings occupy too much time
9. An effective conductor is one who ________.
A. receives the players’ approval B. forces the team to play well
C. explains everything to the players D. allows no interruption or complaints
10. Orchestral players feel the greatest sense of achievement when ________.
A. the conductor treats them with respect in rehearsals
B. they change into formal dress before a concert
C. the audience listens and responds to their music
D. they cooperate well as a team in the performance
11. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Music makes a difference to the world.
B. Rehearsals are important to musicians.
C. The conductor determines the success of a concert.
D. Musicians have a demanding yet rewarding career.
D
Wikipedia(维基百科), one of the last remaining pillars of the open and free web, is in existential crisis.
The trend towards rationality(理性)was endangered long before the birth of the World Wide Web. As Neil Postman noted in his 1985 book Amusing Ourselves to Death, the rise of television introduced not just a new medium but a new atmosphere: a gradual shift from a typographic(印刷的)culture to a photographic one, which in turn meant a shift from rationality to emotions, opinions to entertainment.
In an image-centered and pleasure-driven world, Postman noted, there is no place for thinking, because you simply cannot think with images. It is text that enables us to “uncover lies and confusions, and to detect abuses of logic and common sense. It also means to weigh ideas, to compare and contrast statements, to connect one generalization to another.”
The dominance of television was not contained to our living rooms. It overturned all of those habits of mind, fundamentally changing our experience of the world, affecting politics, religion, business, and culture. It reduced many aspects of modern life to entertainment and commerce. “Americans don’t talk to each other; we entertain each other,” Postman wrote. “They don’t exchange ideas; they exchange images. They do not argue with propositions; they argue with good looks, celebrities and commercials.”
At first, the web seemed to push against this trend. When it emerged towards the late 1980s as a purely text-based medium, it was seen as a tool to pursue knowledge, not pleasure. Reason and thought were most valued in this garden. Universities were among the first to connect to this new medium, hosting discussion groups, informative blogs, electronic magazines, and academic forums. It was an intellectual project, not about commerce or control, created in a scientific research center in Switzerland.
Wikipedia was a fruit of this garden. So was Google search and its text-based advertising model. And so were blogs, which valued text, hyperlinks, knowledge, and literature. And for more than a decade, the web created an alternative space that threatened television’s power over society.
Social networks, though, have since colonized the web for television’s values. From Facebook to Instagram, the medium refocuses our attention on videos and images, rewarding emotional appeals — “like” buttons over rational ones. Instead of searching for knowledge, it engages us in an endless passion for instant approval from an audience, for which we are constantly but unconsciously performing. It reduces our curiosity by showing us exactly what we already want and think, based on our profiles and preferences. The Enlightenment’s motto(座右铭)of “Dare to know” has become “Dare not to care to know.”
Now the challenge is to save Wikipedia and its promise of a free and open collection of all human knowledge among the conquest of social media — how to collect and preserve knowledge when nobody cares to know. We need to understand that the decline of the web and thereby of the Wikipedia is part of a much larger civilizational shift which has just started to unfold.
12. According to Neil Postman, which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Television started a revolution in photographic technology.
B. Texts help people think critically to make judgements.
C. Images give people more chances to communicate deeper.
D. The web was meant to serve as an entertainment platform.
13. The underlined word “propositions” in paragraph 4 probably means”________”.
A. experiences B. appearances C. opinions D. consequences
14. What can we infer about the influence of social media from the underlined sentence
A. We are constantly distracted and can’t focus for long.
B. We are well kept updated with the latest information.
C. We have become more curious about the outside world.
D We have become uninterested in intellectual pursuits.
15. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage
A. The Decline of Television
B. The Power of Social Media
C. Why We Amuse Ourselves to Death
D. How Social Media Endangers Knowledge
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Spotting AI art mistakes
Artificial intelligence(AI) has been increasingly good at fooling people. Several photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people’s attention. They were fake but very convincing.
Created by the AI program Midjourney, the photos were highly realistic, from the characters’ movements to the surroundings. ____16____ The Washington Post’s technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips. The main idea is to spot the glitches-anything that would look strange in a photo.
____17____ It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers. This is because AI isn’t sure what a “hand” exactly is, according to Popular Science. The data Al uses to learn often show hands and fingers in different kinds of gestures, which can be very confusing for AI.
AI-generated images also usually contain details that contradict reality. ____18____ To spot this, focus on small items which are easy to ignore. And if there’s a text in an image, such as a newspaper or poster, it’s usually garbled (篡改的), even though the text may look realistic from a distance.
Another thing AI is terrible at handling is the background. If there’s a crowd in the image, people’s faces in the background are usually unclear. ____19____
The development of AI-generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation. ____20____ Jamie Cohen, a digital culture and AI expert in the US, argued that generating an AI artwork is to “create reality”. He added that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills. “The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become,” Shane Kittelson, a US researcher, told The Washington Post.
A. Sometimes even worse, they don’t have faces at all!
B. Al software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly.
C. Experts are concerned that misinformation may hit an all-time high.
D. Al-generated art raises tricky questions about copyright and security.
E. However, many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI.
F. For example, earrings or one part of people’s sunglasses may be missing in an image.
G. Searching images also provides clues—if no original photo comes up, it is likely to be fake.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was born and raised in the Netherlands and I had always lived there until I was 30 years old. In the Dutch ____21____, I was sociable and intelligent. And it never occurred to me that this could be different in another culture. ____22____, the first time I moved to the US, I felt emotionally out of ____23____ on many occasions. I want to ____24____ this with three true stories.
At the start of my stay at the University of Michigan, one professor asked me to join a seminar on emotions. I introduced myself in an ____25____ way as “interested in culture and emotion.” The professor then added my self-introduction to ____26____ American standards, saying that I was one of the world’s experts on the topic. In response, I looked down in ____27____, thinking “expert” was a big word.
We lived in North Carolina and had friends coming over to dinner. Conversations were lively and there was a lot of sharing. When my guests left, they thanked me for dinner. My heart ____28____, because “thanking for dinner” in the Netherlands means that the relationship is distant.
I wrote on my student’s paper that part of her paper was “boring”, then I told my undergraduate students at my U. S. university that they should reflect better and ____29____ more readings. In their teaching ____30____, students wrote that I was “rude”.
No one would suggest the Netherlands and the U.S. are dramatically different cultures. The professor meant to make me feel good, but instead made me ____31____ . My friends meant to show ____32____, but I thought they were distancing themselves from us. I meant to give my students the comments to which they were ____33____ , but they felt it was rude. Where did it go wrong
We think emotions are feelings deep inside us, but ____34____, we always have our emotions in interactions with others. Our emotions are not ____35____ mental feelings, but deeply rooted in the culture where we are raised.
21.
A. content B. context C. contact D. contract
22.
A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Moreover
23.
A. shape B. place C. order D. sight
24.
A. generate B. appreciate C. dominate D. illustrate
25.
A. over-reacted B. over-estimated C. under-developed D. under-stated
26.
A. fit B. bend C. lower D. set
27.
A. disappointment B. amazement C. embarrassment D. excitement
28.
A. raced B. melted C. ached D. sank
29.
A. contribute to B. refer to C. adapt to D. appeal to
30.
A. evaluations B. predictions C. compositions D. preparations
31.
A. uncomfortable B. unconfident C. unconstrained D. unforgiving
32.
A. respect B. curiosity C. concern D. gratitude
33.
A. addicted B. entitled C. compared D. attached
34.
A. in total B. in advance C. in reality D. in detail
35.
A. mostly B. merely C. rarely D. nearly
第二节短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Van Gogh is today one of the most popular of the Post-impressionist painters. ____36____ he was not widely appreciated during his lifetime, he is now well-known for the great vitality of his works which are characterized by expressive use of brilliant colour and energetic ____37____ (apply) of paint. The severe emotional shock and pain of his life,____38____ (record) in his letters, have tended to dominate and distort modern perceptions of his art.
Van Gogh was born in Holland, the son of a preacher; he travelled to London in1873, and first visited Paris in 1874. Over the next decade he was employed in ____39____ (vary) ways, including as a lay preacher. By 1883 he ____40____ (start) painting, and in 1885-1886 he attended the academy in Antwerp where he ____41____ (impress) by Japanese prints and by the works of Rubens. On his return to Paris in 1886 he met artists such as Degas, Gauguin and Seurat, and as a result lightened the colours he used.
In 1888 Van Gogh settled in Arles in Provence, ____42____ he was visited by Gauguin and painted his now famous series ____43____“Sunflowers”. In ____44____ following year a nervous breakdown brought him to a hospital at St Remy. It was at this period _____45_____ he painted “A Wheat field, with Cypresses”. In 1890, suffering from a new bout of depression, he shot himself in the chest and died two days later.
第四部分 课内语言知识运用（共三节，满分37分）
第一节 名词性从句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句子内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词。
46. There is still some doubt ________ the sports meeting will be held in our school next Friday because of the possible rain. （用适当的词填空）
47. As the city expands, dozens of modern buildings have been set up in ________ was a wasteland ten years ago. （用适当的词填空）
48. The latest news reported how the woman was saved by the firefighters and ________ she was currently recovering in the hospital. （用适当的词填空）
49. You think that your parents don’t care about you at all. That’s ________ you are wrong. （用适当的词填空）
50. I loved it ________ my grandmother stroked my head and sang a lullaby to me when I was a little child. （用适当的词填空）
51. One reason for her preference for city life is ________she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. (用适当的词填空)
52. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge. （用单词适当形式填空）
53. As a representative in the United Nations, ________ you say things is as important as what you say and when you say them. (用适当的词填空)
54. Many graduates mistakenly apply for jobs they are obviously not qualified for, leaving them confused about ________ they’re not getting interviews. （用适当的词填空）
55. It was uncertain ________ consequences the storm would bring about, although the weather forecast reported that it could be really destructive. （用适当的词填空）
第二节 非谓语动词语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句子内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
56. With his eyes ________(fix) on the screen, he paid no attention to things happening around him. （所给词的适当形式填空）
57. There is no point ________(complain) about everything. You’d better change your attitude towards life. （所给词的适当形式填空）
58. Mr. Green stood up in defense of the boy, saying that he was not the one ________ (blame) for the accident. （所给词的适当形式填空）
59. ________(not finish) her work this morning, she had to cancel her appointment with her friends. （所给词的适当形式填空）
60. Standing on the top of the mountain is an ancient tower __________（date）back to two hundred years ago．
61. The lady was moved by the story, tears ________ (roll) down her face. （所给词的适当形式填空）
62. In order to avoid ________(catch) for violating visa conditions, many foreign drivers use other people’s accounts. （所给词的适当形式填空）
63. ________ (judge) from her clothes, she’s pretty rich and well-educated. （所给词的适当形式填空）
64. The president is scheduled to attend the meeting ________ (hold) next month. （所给词的适当形式填空）
65. ________（absorb）in their game, the children skipped their lunch and didn’t feel hungry at all. （所给词的适当形式填空）
第三节 单词和词组填空（共17小题；每小题1分，满分17分）
66. The study i________the impact of violent TV programs on children and found that it increased the likelihood of aggressive behavior. （根据首字母单词拼写）
67. Adele’s latest album, which was just r________ last week, became an instant hit. （根据首字母单词拼写）
68. Despite several defeats, the coach still managed to b________ the team’s confidence, which contributed to their final success.(根据首字母单词拼写)
69. Celebrities and pop stars can use Weibo as a platform to increase i________with fans by responding to their comments. （根据首字母单词拼写）
70. Martin Luther King was c________ to advocating for equality, spending his lifetime on the civil rights movement in America. （根据首字母单词拼写）
71. The new law aims to bring an end to widespread d________ against the elderly in the job market.(根据首字母单词拼写)
72. The public was never convinced that John Snow was the murderer since there was no p________ evidence. （根据首字母单词拼写）
73. The World Cup Qatar 2022 was s________ by Coca Cola, which provided financial support for the smooth operation. （根据首字母单词拼写）
74. The 1980s w________ a population boom and enormous economic growth. （根据首字母单词拼写）
75. In his commencement speech at Harvard University, Steve Jobs first e________ his sincere thanks to the school committee.(根据首字母单词拼写)
76. Special programs of study are t________ to the needs of specific groups. （根据首字母单词拼写）
77. What you said is true; n________, it was a little unkind. (根据首字母单词拼写)
78. We must ________ ________（把……讲清楚）the simple fact that drugs are dangerous. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
79. The professor ________ ________ ________(被控告) stealing his student’s ideas and publishing them.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
80. After the first Librairie Avant-Grade opened in Nanjing, a variety of bookstores ________ ________ (迅速出现，突然兴起) all over the city. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
81. With the living costs ________ ________(逐步增加), some families can no longer make both ends meet. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
82. News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are constantly ________ ________ ________ (揭露，披露). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
第五部分 写作（满分18分：写作15分，书写分3分）
83. 假设你是李华，你的朋友Anthony对中国古诗很感兴趣，报名参加了“我最喜爱的中国古代诗人”（My Favorite Ancient Chinese Poet）英语演讲比赛，但不知如何准备，来信寻求你的建议。请你用英语写一封回信，内容如下：
1.推荐的诗人及推荐原因；
2.演讲的注意事项；
3.鼓励和祝福。
注意：
1.词数80词左右；
2.短文开头已写好，不计入总数。
Dear Anthony,
Hearing that you have signed up for the English Speaking Contest “My Favorite Ancient Chinese Poet”,
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