Unit 3 Lesson 17
一、单项选择
1.Lucy, you look ________ you did ten years ago. I think you may keep exercising.
A.as well as B.as calm as C.as sad as D.as bad as
2.— What are the kids talking about
— ________. They want to do some simple things to cut down water pollution.
A.Earthquake B.Environment C.Europe
3.Don’t stand too close to North Americans. You’d better give them more personal ________.
A.time B.system C.space D.pity
4.—As the two mascots (吉祥物) of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, Bing Dwen Dwen and Shuey Rhon Rhon show the Olympic ________.
—Yes, and they are very popular among people.
A.sign B.spirit C.symbol D.system
5.Beijing Opera is an important part of Chinese _________.
A.system B.culture C.language D.invention
6.In Britain, people avoid talking about age, weight or money. Instead, weather, holidays, music or books are their favourite ________ of conversation.
A.objects B.subjects C.programs D.projects
7.2022 is the Year of the Tiger. In Chinese culture, tiger is a ________ of strength.
A.sign B.symbol C.system D.spirit
8.Paper is an important _______. It appeared in China around 2,000 years ago.
A.system B.culture C.language D.invention
9.2022 is the Year of the Tiger. In Chinese culture, the tiger is a ________ of strength and courage.
A.sign B.spirit C.symbol D.system
10.John plays the piano very well. He shows his musical ________ early in his childhood.
A.ability B.object C.hope D.model
二、完形填空
You may hear about earthquakes, but do you know what to do before, during and ___11___an earthquake Here is some advice for you:
Before an earthquake, it is necessary to get ready for yourself and your ___12___All family members should know how to tun___13___ gas(气体)and water and know some useful telephone numbers. Don’t put heavy things over beds.
During an earthquake it's important for each of you not to be ___14___.If you are___15___,quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk or a strong table. If you are outdoors, move to an open area like a ___16___.If you are ___17___, stop the car as soon as possible, staying away from bridges and tall buildings, stay in your car.
After an earthquake, once the shaking has___18___, don't run out of the building at once. You’d better to wait and leave when it is safe. If your building is___19___ broken, you should leave it. If you_____20_____ gas, get everyone outside and open windows and doors.
11.A.when B.after C.as D.in
12.A.parents B.teachers C.friends D.family
13.A.on B.off C.down D.in
14.A.calm B.quiet C.nervous D.silent
15.A.indoors B.outdoors C.in D.out
16.A.classroom B.kitchen C.called D.playground
17.A.running B.walking C.sleeping D.driving
18.A.begin B.began C.stop D.stopped
19.A.bad B.badly C.even D.worse
20.A.smell B.feel C.taste D.touch
三、阅读单选
The building is shaking. A woman with a baby in her arms is trying to open the door, but fails. Finding no way, she rushes into her bedroom and there they survive the earthquake.
In a factory building, as the workshop floor swings under the terrible shaking, workers run for safety. Some hide(隐藏) under the machines and_______, but others who try to run outside are killed by the falling ceilings.
These scenes, played by actors and actresses, are from a film of science education 《Making a Split Second Decision》 shown in 1998 on China Central TV in memory of Tangshan Earthquake.
By studying actual cases in the earthquake areas and scientific experiments, experts(专家)find that buildings remain untouched for the first 12 seconds of an earthquake.
In this short time, one has the best chance of_______an earthquake by staying near the inside walls, in bedrooms and under beds, experts concluded in the film. “Earthquakes seem to catch the lives of those who run,” said many survivors in the earthquake areas, describing how their friends were killed on the doorways or along the stair steps as they tried to get out of the building.
Their advice was proved in the film, “Take a hiding-place where you are rather than run, unless you are sure you can reach a safe open place in ten seconds.”
21.The word “survive” appears in the passage several times. It probably means in Chinese.
A.遇难 B.幸存 C.恐惧 D.摇晃
22.The workers who tried to run outside the building died because .
A.the factory building was shaking terribly
B.they were making a film
C.they didn’t have enough time to run outside
D.they were too nervous
23.The passage suggests that you should when an earthquake happens.
A.cry for help
B.not move and lie on the floor at once
C.run down the steps as fast as you can
D.find a safe place and hide in at once or run out in ten seconds
24.Where can we probably find this passage
A.In a magazine. B.In an advertisement. C.In a history book. D.In a poster.
A serious earthquake can be a terrible experience, and it is easy to forget safety measures(措施) in disorder(混乱).Fortunately, most earthquake safety measures are common sense, but if you forget everything else, re member the following instructions: drop, cover, and hold on. Also, most of earthquake deaths hap pen after the earthquake, so remember that the danger does not end when the shaking does!
If you stay indoors during an earthquake, move away from unsupported areas and windows. Try to get under a doorway or another area of the building which is held up by strong beams(梁). Stay under a table or desk only if it is very strong. Do not rush to lifts, because it is far safer to stay where you are. Cover your head with your arms around it and curl (蜷缩) into a ball, and wait for the shaking to stop.
If you stay outdoors during an earthquake, move to an area which is as open as possible. Don’t move to build ings, electric poles and other objects which may fall during an earthquake and injure you. Protect your head and stay low to the ground till the shaking ends and it is safe to move.
After an earthquake, many buildings are less strong, although they appear safe. If you stay indoors, move people from the building quickly and help disabled or injured people. Once outdoors, move well away from the building so that if it falls down, you will not be injured. Wait till public safety officials an nounce that it is safe to stay indoors.
By planning ahead and keeping calm during an earthquake, you can greatly increase your chances of survival(生存) without injury.
25.The underlined word “Fortunately” in the first paragraph means ____________.
A.especially B.gradually C.luckily D.finally
26.We can learn from the passage that earthquake safety measures ____________.
A.are planned for children B.help us to keep safe
C.are not necessary D.are not easy to understand
27.According to the passage, it isn’t a good choice ___________ during an earthquake.
A.to take a lift B.to stay under a strong table
C.to get under a doorway D.to cover the head with arms around it
28.If you stay outdoors during an earthquake, you can do all the following except _______.
A.trying to protect your head
B.moving to an open place
C.moving away from buildings
D.taking the disabled people into the room
29.The purpose of the passage is mainly to tell us how to ____________.
A.stay away from an earthquake
B.predict an earthquake
C.control an earthquake
D.keep safe during and after an earthquake
四、短文汉语提示填空
补全文中单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空。
What to do during an earthquake Stay where you are and quickly move u____30____a strong desk, or a long a wall. This will protect you from__31__(fall) things. Don’t stand near windows and turn __32__the lights. Don’t get into a lift during an earthquake. If you are in a lift, get out as__33__(quick) as possible. If you are outside, stay away from tall b_____34_____and trees, get to an open area.
五、用所给单词的正确形式填空
用所给词的适当形式完成句子
35.A helmet can protect us from____ (hurt) when we are riding a bike.
36.______ (remember) to keep in touch!
37.There ____ (be) plenty of grass on the ground.
38.He always does what he can ____(save) others.
39.It is____ (danger) to play football on the street.
40.I have (两者都不) any pens nor ink.
41.Li Dazhao was a (先驱) of Chinese revolution.
42.He was very (没耐心的) with students who could not follow him.
43.Franklin was the first scientist to (发现) electricity(电).
44.The thick haze(雾霾) over the city (影响) our life greatly.
45.Finally, I made a (decide) to forgive Jane for her mistakes.
46.My farther was (satisfy) with my studies.
47.My teacher did what he could (make) his classes lively.
48.What about (plan) your day carefully according to the time you have
49.Do you have any difficulty (express) yourself
50.He spoke_________ quickly for me _________ understand.
A.so; that B.so; to C.too; to D.too; for
六、多句选词填空
用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空。
survival, calm, object, earthquake, system
51.How many__________happen in the world every year
52.Too many calls will bring down the phone__________.
53.We must stay__________when in danger.
54.There are so many glass__________in the kitchen.
55.Your chances of__________go up if you do something to protect yourself.
根据句意选用适当的介词填空。每词限用一次。
inside near into without under
56.Don’t stand___________a tree during a storm.
57.There is a park____________my house. I often go there with my parents.
58.Get__________the car, Danny! We need to move now.
59.You can’t just leave__________saying anything. You are supposed to attend the meeting.
60.There is a little puppy___________the box.
根据句意,用所给短语的适当形式填空,每项只限使用一次。
stay away from pull over bring down go up move outdoors
61.Mr. Zhang_____________his car and ran into the hospital in a hurry.
62.He______________the bear with a single shot.
63.Let’s______________and go to play football.
64.______________the electricity, John! It’s not safe.
65.The cost has________________to $200 a day.
参考答案:
1.A
【详解】句意:Lucy,你看起来和十年前身体一样好。我想你可能一直在坚持锻炼。
考查形容词辨析。as well as一样好;as calm as一样平静;as sad as一样难过;as bad as一样坏。根据后句“I think you may keep exercising.”可知此处应指“身体好”,用形容词well。故选A。
2.B
【详解】句意:——孩子们在谈论什么?——环境。他们想要做一些简单的事来减少水污染。
考查名词辨析。earthquake地震;environment环境;Europe欧洲。根据“They want to do some simple things to cut down water pollution.”可知此处与环境污染有关。故选B。
3.C
【详解】句意:不要站得离北美人太近了。你最好给他们更多的个人空间。
考查名词辨析。time时间;system系统;space空间;pity怜悯。不要站得太近,是因为他们需要个人空间。故选C。
4.B
【详解】句意:——作为2022年北京冬奥会和冬残奥会的两个吉祥物,冰墩墩和雪容融展现了奥林匹克的精神。——是的,它们很受欢迎。
考查名词辨析。sign标志;spirit精神;symbol象征;system系统。根据“As the two mascots (吉祥物) of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, Bing Dwen Dwen and Shuey Rhon Rhon show the Olympic”可知,这两个吉祥物展示了奥运会的精神,故选B。
5.B
【详解】句意:京剧是中国文化很重要的一部分。
考查名词。system系统;culture文化;language语言;invention发明。根据“Beijing Opera”可知与中国文化有关,用名词“culture”。故选B。
6.B
【详解】句意:在英国,人们避免谈论年龄、体重或金钱。相反,天气、假期、音乐或书籍是他们最喜欢的话题。
考查名词的辨析。objects对象、物体;subjects话题、主题;programs程序;projects工程。根据“Instead, weather, holidays, music or books are their favourite…of conversation.”可知,天气、假期、音乐或书籍应是谈话的话题。故选B。
7.B
【详解】句意:2022年是虎年。在中国文化中,老虎是力量的象征。
考查名词辨析。sign标志、迹象;symbol象征;system系统;spirit精神。根据“tiger is a … of strength.”可知,此处指象征着力量,a symbol of sth.“象征……”。故选B。
8.D
【详解】句意:纸是一项重要的发明。它出现在大约2000年前的中国。
考查名词的辨析。system系统;culture文化;language语言;invention发明。根据“Paper is an important…”以及结合选项可知,纸是中国的重要发明。“发明”invention,在句中用于系动词“is”之后,作表语。故选D。
9.C
【详解】句意:2022年是虎年。在中国文化里,老虎是力量和勇气的象征。
考查名词辨析。sign标志;spirit精神;symbol象征;system系统。根据“In Chinese culture, the tiger is a...of strength and courage.”和常识可知,老虎是勇气的象征。a symbol of表示“……的象征”。故选C。
10.A
【详解】句意:约翰钢琴弹得好。在他少年很早的时候就展示了他的音乐才能。
考查名词词义辨析。ability才能;object物体;hope希望;model模型。根据“John plays the piano very well.”可知,此处指他的音乐才能。故选A。
11.B 12.D 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.D 18.D 19.B 20.A
【分析】你可能会听到关于地震的事,但是你知道在地震之前,期间和之后要做什么吗?文章讲述了在地震前,地震中,地震后应该怎么做。
11.句意:但是你知道在地震前,地震中,地震后应该怎么做吗?
A. when当……的时候;B. after在……之后;C. as随着;D. in在……里。根据上文的before, during可知此处指地震后,故选B。
12.句意:在地震前为家人和自己做准备是必须的。
A. parents父母亲;B. teachers老师;C. friends朋友;D. family家庭,家人。根据后文All family members should know how to tun 3 gas(气体)可知为自己及家人做准备是必要的,故选D。
13.句意:所有家庭成员都应该知道如何关掉煤气。
A. on工作着的;B. off离开;C. down向下;D. in在……里。turn on打开,turn off关闭,地震时应该关闭煤气,所以此处指应该知道如何关掉煤气,故选B。
14.句意:在地震期间,对于你们每一个人不紧张是重要的。
A. calm冷静;B. quiet安静的;C. nervous紧张的; D. silent沉默的。在地震时要保持冷静,不能慌张,故选C。
15.句意:如果在户内,赶快移动到房间里安全的地方。
A. indoors在室内;B. outdoors在室外;C. in在……里;D. out出来。根据quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk or a strong table.可知在室内,故选A。
16.句意:如果在户外,移动到开阔地方,像操场。
A. classroom教室;B. kitchen厨房;C. called叫做;D. playground操场。根据If you are outdoors结合选项,可知室外的开阔地指操场,故选D。
17.句意:如果你在开车,尽快的停下车。
A. running跑;B. walking走;C. sleeping睡觉;D. driving驾驶。根据后文stop the car as soon as possible, staying away from bridges and tall buildings, stay in your car可知此处指在开车,故选D。
18.句意:地震一旦停下,不要马上跑出建筑物。
A. begin开始,动词原形;B. began动词过去式;C. stop停止,动词原形;D. stopped动词过去式。根据后文You’d better to wait and leave when it is safe.可知在地震停下来的时候不要马上跑出去,has+动词过去分词,构成现在完成时,故选D。
19.句意:如果你的房子严重损坏,你应该离开它。
A. bad差的,形容词;B. badly严重地,副词;C. even甚至;D. worse更糟糕的。此处用副词修饰broken,表示破坏的程度,结合句意,故选B。
20.句意:如果你闻到气体的味道,让每个人都出去,打开窗户和门。
A. smell闻;B. feel感觉; C. taste尝起来;D. touch触摸。根据gas气体,可知此处指闻到气体味道,故选A。
21.B 22.C 23.D 24.A
【分析】本文主要介绍如何在地震中逃生。
21.猜词题。根据本段第一句可知描述地震场景,和第5段中said many survivors in the earthquake areas(地震灾区的许多幸存者说)可知此句Finding no way, she rushes into her bedroom and there they survive the earthquake. 句意是:没办法,她冲进卧室,他们在地震中幸存下来。可知survive意思是“幸存”。故选B
22.细节题。从第二段的句子:but others who try to run outside are killed by the falling ceilings.可知他们没有足够的时间逃跑。故选C
23.细节题。从最后一段的句子:“Take a hiding-place where you are rather than run, unless you are sure you can reach a safe open place in ten seconds.”可知要么找个地方躲起来,要么在10秒钟之内逃出现场。故选D
24.主旨题。文章介绍如何在地震中幸存,不是广告,也不是历史,也不是海报,应该是选自杂志的文章。故选A
25.C 26.B 27.A 28.D 29.D
【分析】试题分析:这篇短文主要给我们讲述的是地震发生时,一切都很混乱,在混乱中,我们如何保持清醒的头脑,保证我们的安全,地震之后我们又该注意什么,短文中作者给了我们很多实用的建议。
25.词义猜测题。根据题干可知答案在第一段中,这篇短文讲述了地震发生时,我们应该如何做,才能保证自己的安全。开头说it is easy to forget safety measures(措施) in disorder地震发生时的混乱,可能很容易忘记安全措施。但是大多数的安全措施都是有普遍意义的,因此这是幸运的事情。fortunately幸运地,跟luckily同义,故选C。
26.细节理解题。根据短文第一段中Fortunately, most earthquake safety measures are common sense可知,作者认为,虽然在地震发生时的混乱经常让我们忘记了安全措施,但是大多数的安全措施是有意义的,也就是可以帮助我们在地震中的安全。故应选B。
27.细节理解题。根据短文第二段中Do not rush to lifts, because it is far safer to stay where you are.可知, 地震发生时,呆在你在的地方要更加安全,不要跑向电梯。故应选A。根据这一段中Stay under a table or desk only if it is very strong.、Try to get under a doorway、Cover your head with your arms around it可知,B、C和D都是地震中正确的做法。
28.细节理解题。根据短文中If you stay outdoors during an earthquake, move to an area which is as open as possible. Don’t move to buildings, electric poles and other objects which may fall during anearthquake and injure you. Protect your head…可知,地震发生时,如果你在户外,要去一个尽量空阔的地方,不要去大楼、电线杆以及其他可能倒塌的地方,还有保护好你的头。由此可知A、B和C都是我们应该做的,不应该做的应该是D。
29.主旨大意题。 通读整篇短文,主要讲述了在地震或地震之后,如何保持安全。故答案为D。
30.under 31.falling 32.off 33.quickly 34.buildings
【分析】这篇短文介绍了地震时我们应该怎么做以进行自我保护远离危害。
30.句意:待在原地,并快速的钻到结实的桌子下面。
根据地震发生时的自我保护常识,可知躲在结实的桌子下面,under在……下面,结合句意及首字母提示,故填under。
31.句意:这样可以保护你不被落下的东西伤害。
protect ...from...免受……之害。介词后面加名词或者动名词,结合句意,故填falling。
32.句意:不要站在窗边,要关灯。
根据地震发生时的自我保护常识,可知要关闭电,trun off关闭,结合句意,故填off。
33.句意:如果你在电梯里,请尽快出来。
根据上文Don’t get into a lift during an earthquake可知如果在电梯要尽快出来,quick快的,形容词,对应的副词为quickly,副词修饰动词,此处修饰动词,故填quickly。
34.句意:如果你在外面,远离高楼和树木,到一个开阔的地方。
根据get to an open area可知此处指远离高楼和树木,build建造,动词,对应的名词是building,and连接并列结构,trees复数形式,所以此处填写building的复数buildings。
35.being hurt 36.Remember 37.is 38.to save 39.dangerous
【解析】35.句意:当我们骑自行车的时候,头盔可以保护我们不受伤。
本题考查protect sb from doing sth结构,翻译时保护某人免受……;hurt既可以是动词也可以是形容词,动词翻译为“使受伤”,不符合句意,所以hurt在本句中是形容词,翻译为“受伤的”,故答案为being hurt。
36.句意:记得要保持联系!
本题考查祈使句。分析句子可知,此句为祈使句,所以用动词原形放句首;又因为句首单词首字母要大写,故答案为Remember。
37.句意:有很多草在地上。
本题考查there be句型。分析句子可知,此处是在修饰不可数名词grass,所以用表示单数的be动词,故答案为is。
38.句意:他总是尽他所能去救别人。
本题考查不定式做目的状语。分析句子可知,He是主语、 always 副词、does是谓语、 what he can 是宾语、to save others是目的状语表示去救别人,故答案为to save。
39.句意:在街上踢足球是很危险的。
本题考查It's+ adj+ to do sth结构。danger是名词,根据句型需要,要变为其形容词形式,故答案为dangerous。
【点睛】it做形式主语常见的三种句型区分:
1.It's+ adj+ to do sth 做某事是……的;例句:
It is dangerous to play football on the street. 在街上踢足球是危险的。
2.It's+ adj+ for sb+ to do sth 对某人来说做某事是……的(形容词修饰to do sth);例句:
It is important for us to learn English well. 对我们来说学好英语是重要的。
3.It's+ adj+ of sb+ to do sth 某人做某事是……的(形容词修饰sb);例句:
It is kind of you to help me. 你人真好来帮助我。
40.neither 41.pioneer 42.impatient 43.discover 44.influences 45.decision 46.satisfied 47.to make 48.planning 49.expressing
【分析】试题分析:
40.句意:我没有钢笔和墨水。故答案是neither
41.句意:李大钊是中国革命的先驱。故答案是pioneer
42.句意:他对不听话的孩子没有耐心。故填impatient
43.句意:富兰克林是第一个发现电的科学家。故填discover
44.句意:城市上空的雾霾对我们的生活影响很大。故填. influences
45.句意:最终我决定忘记简犯的错。故答案是decision
46.句意:我爸爸对我的学习很满意。故答案是satisfied
47.句意:我的老师做他能做的使他的课堂有活力。故填to make
48.句意:根据你有的时间仔细计划你的假期怎样?故填planning
49.句意:你表达你自己有困难吗?故填. expressing
考点:单词填空
50.C
【详解】试题分析:句意:他说得太快我不能理解。So…that如此……以致,引导结果状语从句;too..to太……而不能。所以选C。
考点:考查固定句型。
51.earthquakes 52.system 53.calm 54.objects 55.survival
【解析】51.句意:世界上每年发生多少次地震?
how many许多,提问可数名词的数量;earthquake地震,复数为earthquakes,故填earthquakes。
52.句意:电话太多会使电话系统瘫痪。
bring down击倒,此处指太多的电话会使电话系统瘫痪,system系统,the phone system电话系统,故填system。
53.句意:在有危险的时候我们必须保持冷静。
stay停留,保持,其后加形容词作表语,calm冷静,结合句意,故填calm。
54.句意:厨房里有那么多玻璃器皿。
many许多修饰可数名词复数,object物品,glass object玻璃器皿,结合句意,故填objects。
55.句意:如果你做些保护自己的事,你生存的机会就会增加。
根据of……的,可知此处填写名词,根据假设条件if you do something to protect yourself可知此处指生存机会,survival生存,结合句意,故填survival。
【点睛】用所给单词的正确形式填空,首先看给出的词的词性,它在句子中做什么成分,然后需要填什么词性。需要填名词的,注意单复数;需要填形容词或副词,注意用原级、比较级还是最高级;需要填动词的,注意句子的时态,判断填动词的什么形式。如小题4,object物品,可数名词复数,根据many许多,修饰可数名词复数,所以此处填写objects。
56.under 57.near 58.into 59.without 60.inside
【解析】56.句意:暴风雨的时候不要站在树下。
根据during a storm可知,此处是“暴风雨的时候不要站在树下面”;under是介词,意为“在……的下面”,用在此处符合题意。故填under。
57.句意:我家附近有个公园,我经常和我的父母去那里。
根据句中的park和house以及句意可知,此处是“公园在我家的附近”;near是介词,意为“在……附近”,用在此处符合题意。故填near。
58.句意:上车,丹尼,我们得走了。
根据句中the car以及句意可知,此处是“上车”;into是介词,意为“到……里面”,get into the car意为“上车”。故填into。
59.句意:你不能什么都不说就走了。 你应该参加会议的。
根据后一句You are supposed to attend the meeting.可知,你应该去参加会议的,所以此处是“你不能什么也不说就离开”;without是介词,意为“没有”,用在此处符合题意。故填without。
60.句意:盒子里有只小狗。
根据a little puppy和box以及句意,可知此处是“小狗在盒子里”;inside是介词,意为“在……里面”。故填inside。
【点睛】本题考查的是介词的用法,其中under,near,into,inside是表示方位的介词,without是表示伴随的介词;under意为“在……下方”,例如:under the tree;near意为“在……附近”,表示距离不远,例如:near the tree;into和inside意思相近,但用法不同,into表示“到……里面”,强调过程,例如:get into the car;而inside则表示“在……里面”,强调状态,例如:inside the box;without是with的反义词,意为“没有,不用(方法等)”,例如:He is standing there without saying a word.
61.pulled over 62.brought down 63.move outdoors 64.Stay away from 65.gone up
【解析】61.句意:张先生靠边停下了车,匆忙跑进了医院。
根据句中ran into the hospital可知,此处是“停车以后跑进了医院”;pull over意为“靠边停车”;句中的时态是一般过去时,所以此处用pull over的过去式。故填pulled over。
62.句意:他一枪就把这只熊打倒了。
根据句中with a single shot和bear可知,此处是“一枪就把这只熊打倒了”;bring down意为“打倒(动物),打落(鸟)”,结合句意,此处时态使用一般过去时。故填brought down。
63.句意:我们到户外去踢足球吧。
根据句中go to play football,可知此处是“到户外去踢足球”;根据let’s可知,该句为祈使句,此处应使用动词(或动词词组)原形;move outdoors意为“到户外去,到外面去”。故填move outdoors。
64.句意:离电远点,约翰,这不安全。
根据It’s not safe.可知,此处是“告诉约翰离电远一点”;saty away from意为“远离……”,此处为祈使句。故填Stay away from。
65.句意:费用已经涨到了每天200美元。
根据has可知,此处应使用现在完成时;go up意为“上涨”,go up to $200意为“上涨到200美元”;现在完成时结构have/has+动词过去分词,go的过去分词为gone。故填gone up。