十堰市2023—2024学年上学期期末调研考试题
高二英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man probably going to do
A. Go to the hospital. B. Return some books. C. Buy some magazines.
2. On which day does the woman like to go to the zoo
A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.
3. Where is Jennifer working now
A. In a college. B. In a hospital. C. In a drugstore.
4. When will the flight arrive
A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 1:30 pm. C. At 2:30 pm.
5. What does the woman mean
A. The book is boring.
B. The man needs to finish the book.
C. The man should check with his professor.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the man do last Saturday
A. He studied a lot. B. He joined a club. C. He went camping.
7. Why do people join “Flash Play”
A. To earn money. B. To make friends. C. To play sports inside.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does Diana say sorry to Peter
A. She needs to put off her test.
B. She wants to visit another city.
C. She has to give up her travel plan.
9. What does Diana want Peter to do
A. Help her with her study.
B. Teach a geography lesson.
C. Take a book to her friend.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where are the speakers
A. In Boston. B. In Memphis. C. In New Orleans.
11. What does the boy think of skiing in the front yard
A. It is unsafe. B. It is popular. C. It is uninteresting.
12. How does the girl know so much about the snow
A. She grew up in a cold area.
B. She learned about it from her mother.
C. She spent every winter in the mountains.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the woman
A A doctor. B. A student. C. A teacher.
14. What is the woman doing
A. Giving a class. B. Going shopping. C. Making a survey.
15. How many hours a week does the man work
A. About 50. B. About 40. C. About 14.
16. What does the man spend three hours doing per week
A. Reading. B. Talking to friends. C. Talking to the family.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did John enjoy doing in his childhood
A. Touring France. B. Painting pictures. C. Playing outdoors.
18. What did John do soon after he moved to the US
A. He did business. B. He studied biology. C. He worked on a farm.
19. Why did John initially go hunting
A. For food. B. For money. C. For pleasure.
20. What are the main objects of John’s works
A. American birds. B. Family members. C. Human behaviors.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you dream about working and meanwhile travelling in different countries, we’ve made a list of jobs that allow you to tour around the globe while earning some money!
A Travel Nurse
If you’re in the medical field, becoming a travel nurse is a good option. A travel nurse in worldwide demand is well paid, so medical professionals can wear uniforms on any continent. The nursing assignments vary in the length of working time. You can enjoy accommodation payment and insurance benefits, but you have to work in the high-stress environment.
A Waiter
A waiter abroad is a popular choice for young travelers because some restaurants don’t require much precious experience or qualifications, but they do not have access to high health insurance. Many people do service work for a while to earn enough money to travel abroad for the rest of the year. It’s OK for those without family to deal with customers at night, but they can’t get high wages.
An English Teacher
English is one of the world’s most spoken languages, so there is always a demand for people who can teach it. Being an English teacher abroad often requires a TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) certification. There are some popular destinations for prospective teachers. However, as teachers abroad, especially part-time teachers, their salaries are not high.
An Oil Industry Worker
Oil industry is one of the highest paying fields for both skilled and unskilled workers, with plenty of opportunities to travel whether they fulfill a position in exploration or production. You can be a researcher or an engineer on deep sea drilling rigs (钻塔). The job is well paid, and you can help companies do less harm to the sea.
1. What should travel nurses do
A. Assign nursing tasks. B. Get a TEFL certification.
C. Pay for their own accommodation. D. Develop a good anti-pressure ability.
2. What’s the common feature of working as a waiter and an English teacher in traveling
A. The low pay. B. The prospective career growth.
C. Large health insurance benefits. D. Professional training opportunities.
3. Which job is best suited to a traveller wanting to contribute to the environment
A. A travel nurse. B. A waiter.
C. An English teacher. D. An oil industry worker.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种可以在环游世界时赚钱的工作。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“You can enjoy accommodation payment and insurance benefits, but you have to work in the high-stress environment.(你可以享受住宿费和保险福利，但你必须在高压力的环境中工作)”可知，旅行护士应该培养良好的抗压能力。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It’s OK for those without family to deal with customers at night, but they can’t get high wages.(对于那些没有家人的人来说，晚上接待顾客是可以的，但他们拿不到高工资)”以及第四段“However, as teachers abroad, especially part-time teachers, their salaries are not high.(然而，作为国外的教师，尤其是兼职教师，他们的工资并不高)”可知，旅行中当服务员和当英语老师的共同特点是工资低。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The job is well paid, and you can help companies do less harm to the sea. (这份工作薪水很高，而且你可以帮助公司减少对海洋的危害)”可知，石油工业工人最适合想要为环境做贡献的旅行者。故选D。
B
Sarah was not an early riser. But what made the annoying early morning hours bearable was the comforting smell of fresh coffee floating in the air. Her favorite coffee shop was just a few minutes away from her apartment.
One sunny morning, Sarah rushed to get dressed. Having a job interview, she felt anxious, afraid to be late. She grabbed her car key, dashed out of the door and made her way to her familiar coffee shop as usual. As she joined the line of cars at the drive-through, the smell of roasted coffee beans and the thought of the first taste of coffee were her little daily luxury. The line inched forward, and soon, Sarah found herself at the drive-through window. She reached for her purse to pay, but before she could hand over her credit card, the coffee shop assistant smiled and said, “Your coffee has been covered by the car ahead of you.” Sarah was taken aback. “Really ” she asked, feeling astonished and grateful. The assistant nodded. The unexpected act of kindness put a smile on her face, making her upcoming interview feel a little relaxing.
As she exited the drive-through, Sarah glanced in her rear view mirror (后视镜) at the next car approaching the coffee shop window. An idea began to come into her mind. Maybe she could do the same and brighten someone else’s morning. She decided to return to the coffee shop. Inside, she approached the cashier and said, “I’d like to pay for the coffee of the person in the car behind me.” The assistant smiled and nodded again.
As Sarah eventually left the coffee shop, Sarah couldn’t help but wonder how the next driver would react. A wave of satisfaction washed over Sarah as she witnessed the continuation of the coffee chain. She knew she had just initiated a chain of generosity and kindness.
4. What can we learn about Sarah from the first two paragraphs
A. She led a life of luxury. B. She used to get up early.
C. She was nervous about the interview. D. She was new to the coffee shop.
5. Why did Sarah go back to the coffee shop
A. To find out who paid for her coffee. B. To order herself another cup of coffee.
C. To see what was exactly happening there. D. To buy coffee for the driver behind her.
6. How did Sarah feel when she finally left the coffee shop
A. Ambitious. B. Content. C. Awkward. D. Suspicious.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. A chain of coffee shops. B. An unforgettable interview.
C. The kindness from an assistant. D. The power of paying it forward.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了莎拉某天早上去面试路上去一家咖啡店买咖啡，结果付钱的时候被告知咖啡被前面的人付过了，莎拉十分惊讶和感激，于是也为后面的司机付了咖啡钱。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Having a job interview, she felt anxious, afraid to be late. (有一个工作面试，她感到焦虑，害怕迟到)”可知，莎拉对面试很紧张。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She decided to return to the coffee shop. Inside, she approached the cashier and said, “I’d like to pay for the coffee of the person in the car behind me.” (她决定回到咖啡店。进去后，她走近收银员说：“我想为我后面那辆车里的人买咖啡。”)”可知，莎拉回到咖啡店是为了给后面的司机买咖啡。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“A wave of satisfaction washed over Sarah as she witnessed the continuation of the coffee chain. (当萨拉看到咖啡连锁店人们继续排队时，一阵满意的情绪涌上心头。)”可知，当莎拉最终离开咖啡店时，她感到满足。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“She reached for her purse to pay, but before she could hand over her credit card, the coffee shop assistant smiled and said, “Your coffee has been covered by the car ahead of you.” Sarah was taken aback. “Really ” she asked, feeling astonished and grateful. The assistant nodded. The unexpected act of kindness put a smile on her face, making her upcoming interview feel a little relaxing. (她伸手去掏钱包准备付款，但还没等她把信用卡递给店员，店员就笑着说：“你的咖啡已经被前面那辆车付了。”萨拉吃了一惊。“真的吗？”她问，既惊讶又感激。店员点点头。这一意想不到的善举让她脸上露出了笑容，让她觉得即将到来的面试有点放松。)”以及最后一段“She knew she had just initiated a chain of generosity and kindness. (她知道她刚刚开启了慷慨和善良的链条。)”结合文章主要讲述了莎拉某天早上去面试路上去一家咖啡店买咖啡，结果付钱的时候被告知咖啡被前面的人付过了，莎拉十分惊讶和感激，于是也为后面的司机付了咖啡钱。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是传递爱的力量。故选D。
C
A new study warns that more than a fifth of all reptile (爬行动物) species are threatened with extinction, which may have a bad impact on the planet.
The largest ever analysis of the state of the world’s reptiles, published in Nature, has showed that 21% of the reptile species are facing extinction. The study says from lizards to snakes, such a loss could have disastrous impacts on ecosystems around the world.
Although many reptiles live in dry environments such as deserts, most species occur in forests, where they suffer from threats such as logging of land for agriculture.30% of the forest-dwelling reptiles are at risk of extinction, compared with 14% in dry habitats. Hunting is also a major threat to reptiles, especially turtles and crocodiles, many of which are at risk of extinction. Another major contributing factor is the introduction of invasive species.
“If we removed reptiles, it could change ecosystems fundamentally, with unfortunate knock-on effects, such as increases in pest insects,” said Neil Cox, co-leader of the study. “Biodiversity, including reptiles, supports the ecosystem services that provide a healthy environment for people.”
Our hope is that this first-ever assessment of the world’s 10,000-plus reptiles helps put them in the spotlight and goes some way to highlighting this diversity, and just how much we have to lose. As well as controlling rats, mosquitoes and other pests, reptiles deliver many other benefits. “They help spread seeds, especially in island environments,” said researcher Hoffmann. “We’ve also achieved many medical advances from studies of reptiles.”
The results of the study are not all doom and gloom. Scientists have found, surprisingly, that if they set out to protect places where threatened birds, mammals and amphibians (两栖动物) live together, they’ll meanwhile protect many more threatened reptiles.
8 Which is the main concern raised by the new study
A. The overpopulation of reptiles. B. The loss of reptiles.
C. The sharp increase in reptile species. D. The disastrous influence of reptiles on nature.
9. How many factors causing the extinction of species are mentioned in paragraph 3
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
10. What did Neil Cox and Hoffmann both say about reptiles
A. Their benefits. B. Their habitats.
C. Their living habits. D. Their health problems.
11. What does the underlined phrase “doom and gloom” in the last paragraph mean
A. Disappointing. B. Odd. C. Satisfactory. D. Amazing.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究警告说，超过五分之一的爬行动物物种面临灭绝的威胁，这可能对地球产生不良影响。文章介绍了导致爬行动物灭绝的因素以及爬行动物的益处。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study warns that more than a fifth of all reptile (爬行动物) species are threatened with extinction, which may have a bad impact on the planet. (一项新的研究警告说，超过五分之一的爬行动物物种面临灭绝的威胁，这可能对地球产生不良影响。)”可知，这项新研究提出的主要担忧是爬虫类动物的消失。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Although many reptiles live in dry environments such as deserts, most species occur in forests, where they suffer from threats such as logging of land for agriculture.30% of the forest-dwelling reptiles are at risk of extinction, compared with 14% in dry habitats. Hunting is also a major threat to reptiles, especially turtles and crocodiles, many of which are at risk of extinction. Another major contributing factor is the introduction of invasive species. (虽然许多爬行动物生活在沙漠等干燥环境中，但大多数物种生活在森林中，在那里它们受到诸如农业用地砍伐等威胁。30%的森林爬行动物面临灭绝的危险，而干旱栖息地的这一比例为14%。狩猎也是爬行动物的主要威胁，尤其是海龟和鳄鱼，其中许多都有灭绝的危险。另一个主要因素是入侵物种的引入。)”可知，第3段提到了三个导致物种灭绝的因素。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Biodiversity, including reptiles, supports the ecosystem services that provide a healthy environment for people. (包括爬行动物在内的生物多样性支持为人类提供健康环境的生态系统服务。)”以及倒数第二段“They help spread seeds, especially in island environments (它们有助于传播种子，尤其是在岛屿环境中)”可知，尼尔·考克斯和霍夫曼提到了爬行动物的益处。故选A。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Scientists have found, surprisingly, that if they set out to protect places where threatened birds, mammals and amphibians (两栖动物) live together, they’ll meanwhile protect many more threatened reptiles. (令人惊讶的是，科学家们发现，如果他们开始保护受威胁的鸟类、哺乳动物和两栖动物共同生活的地方，他们同时也会保护更多受威胁的爬行动物。)”可知，后文提到了更多受威胁的爬行动物会受到保护，说明这项研究的结果并不都是令人失望的。故划线词意思是“令人失望的”。故选A。
D
In March, 2023, a group of computer scientists published an assessment of a new chatbot with artificial intelligence (AI). The team’s report drew global attention to one test in particular: We have a book, nine eggs, a laptop, a bottle and a nail, and please tell me how to pile them onto each other in a stable manner. This is a tough puzzle. Earlier versions of the chatbot gave silly and unreasonable answers. But the new chatbot’s unique answer helped set off the current global wave of AI advocacy and anxiety. It fueled debate about how large language models (LLMs) were able to perform creative tasks.
By 2022, LLMs were being trained on as many as 17 trillion words of human-generated text, mainly from the Internet. It was certain that the new chatbot was exposed to functional fixedness (功能固着) problems in its training. The researchers were of course aware of that and invented the “eggs and laptop” puzzle to prevent the new chatbot from dishonestly copying an answer from the Internet. LLMs used language statistics only. No one had said how to pile these nine eggs on top of each other ever before. The extreme rarity of those words would tend to prevent LLMs from talking about piling eggs in unrealistic ways. One of the researchers that tested the new chatbot thinks it’s likely that an LLM trained on trillions of words creates a world model, and this is what gives it the “magical” extrapolation (外推) properties.
Are LLMs truly original or are they just plagiarists (剽窃者) The two statements may not be as different as they seem. There’s nothing entirely new under the sun. Edison did not invent the light bulb but improved it. Most so-called creators apply knowledge from different fields to a problem and arrive at a solution. It’s more a matter of making relevant connections than of inventing something completely new. If LLMs are indeed acquiring the ability to make relevant connections, that would be a historic but discomforting development.
12. What do we know about the new chatbot’s answer to the puzzle in paragraph 1
A. It was silly. B. It set people thinking.
C. It drew little attention. D. It highlighted language innovation.
13. Why did the researchers invent the “eggs and laptop” puzzle
A. To copy online answers. B. To stop the chatbot cheating.
C. To train humans to use language. D. To expose the chatbot to functional problems.
14. What does the author convey in the last paragraph
A. How an invention came into being. B. How Edison became successful in history.
C. Why Edison invented something entirely new. D. Why an invention required effort and opportunity.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Will Robots Replace Humans B. Can Robots Develop Smoothly
C. Can AI Come Up With Anything Original D. Will AI Solve Magical And Difficult Problems
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一群计算机科学家通过一个“鸡蛋和笔记本”的问题，来测试新聊天机器人是否可以进行创作。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But the new chatbot’s unique answer helped set off the current global wave of AI advocacy and anxiety. It fueled debate about how large language models (LLMs) were able to perform creative tasks.(但这款新型聊天机器人的独特回答，在一定程度上引发了当前全球对人工智能的倡导和焦虑。它引发了关于大型语言模型（LLMs）如何能够执行创造性任务的争论)”可知，新聊天机器人对谜题的答案引起人们思考。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers were of course aware of that and invented the “eggs and laptop” puzzle to prevent the new chatbot from dishonestly copying an answer from the Internet.(研究人员当然意识到了这一点，并发明了“鸡蛋和笔记本电脑”难题，以防止新的聊天机器人不诚实地从互联网上复制答案)”可知，研究人员要发明“鸡蛋和笔记本电脑”的谜题是为了阻止聊天机器人作弊。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“There’s nothing entirely new under the sun. Edison did not invent the light bulb but improved it. Most so-called creators apply knowledge from different fields to a problem and arrive at a solution. It’s more a matter of making relevant connections than of inventing something completely new. If LLMs are indeed acquiring the ability to make relevant connections, that would be a historic but discomforting development.(太阳底下没有什么是全新的。爱迪生没有发明电灯泡，而是改进了它。大多数所谓的创造者将不同领域的知识应用于一个问题，并得出解决方案。更重要的是建立相关的联系，而不是发明全新的东西。如果LLMs 确实获得了建立相关联系的能力，那将是一个具有历史意义但令人不安的发展)”可知，作者在最后一段想表达一项发明是如何产生的。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Are LLMs truly original or are they just plagiarists (剽窃者) The two statements may not be as different as they seem.( LLMs是真正的原创者还是只是剽窃者？这两种说法可能并不像看上去那么不同)”结合文章主要说明了一群计算机科学家通过一个“鸡蛋和笔记本”的问题，来测试新聊天机器人是否可以进行创作。可知，C选项“人工智能能创造出原创的东西吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Have an Eco-friendly New Year
New Year is a time of great joy, but it can also lead to over-consumption. It is important to have an eco-friendly New Year. Do you want to do something to help protect the planet in the New Year ____16____
Wrap gifts in an eco-friendly way. It is appealing to wrap gifts in shiny wrapping paper. ____17____ You can wrap gifts in beautiful square cloths that can be used again and again. Use ribbons to tie them together. Go a step further by making your own gift bags which can be reused throughout the years.
____18____ Your loved ones would rather spend more time with you than have more stuff. You can either book an experience together or share a skill which you have with them. Eatable presents are also fun to make. Not only will you create new memories and have something to look forward to in the new year but you will also avoid giving them stuff they don’t want.
Make home-made decorations. Spending time making decorations with friends and family is a great activity in cold days. Your home will become beautiful with home-made paper stars made out of old newspapers. And sticking paper cuts to windows will be impressive. Also, try to use a cookie cutter to cut out anything you want, stars or even deer. ____19____
Avoid food waste. Plan meals ahead and think about what you will do with leftovers. ____20____ Why not do it yourself, make your own food traditions to suit your tastes and make sure that no food goes to waste
A. Just let your imagination run wild.
B. Give gifts that make new memories.
C. You want your loved ones to send gifts to you.
D. But it is non-recyclable and goes straight to waste.
E. Here is how to cut back on unnecessary purchases.
F. And if no one likes something, there is no need to buy it.
G. Buy as much as you can in case a large number of guests arrive.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了环保地过新年的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“New Year is a time of great joy, but it can also lead to over-consumption. It is important to have an eco-friendly New Year. Do you want to do something to help protect the planet in the New Year (新年是一个充满欢乐的时刻，但它也可能导致过度消费。过一个环保的新年很重要。在新的一年里，你想做些什么来帮助保护地球吗？)”以及后文主要介绍了环保地过新年的方法，故E选项“以下是如何减少不必要的购买”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Wrap gifts in an eco-friendly way. It is appealing to wrap gifts in shiny wrapping paper.(用环保方式包装礼物。用闪亮的包装纸包装礼物很吸引人)”以及后文“You can wrap gifts in beautiful square cloths that can be used again and again.(你可以用漂亮的方形布包装礼物，这样可以反复使用)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出包装纸的缺点，故D选项“但是它是不可回收的，直接被浪费了”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Your loved ones would rather spend more time with you than have more stuff. You can either book an experience together or share a skill which you have with them. Eatable presents are also fun to make. Not only will you create new memories and have something to look forward to in the new year, but you will also avoid giving them stuff they don’t want.(你爱的人宁愿花更多的时间和你在一起，而不是拥有更多的东西。你可以和他们一起体验，也可以和他们分享你的技能。可食用的礼物制作起来也很有趣。你不仅能创造新的回忆，在新的一年里有盼头，而且还能避免给他们不想要的东西)”可知，后文提到了创造新的回忆，可知是建议送能制造回忆的礼物。故B选项“送能制造新记忆的礼物”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Make home-made decorations. Spending time making decorations with friends and family is a great activity in cold days. Your home will become beautiful with home-made paper stars made out of old newspapers. And sticking paper cuts to windows will be impressive. Also, try to use a cookie cutter to cut out anything you want, stars or even deer.(自制装饰品。在寒冷的日子里，花时间和朋友和家人一起装饰是一件很棒的事情。用旧报纸自制的纸星星会让你的家变得美丽。在窗户上贴剪纸会让人印象深刻。此外，试着用饼干切割器切出任何你想要的东西，星星甚至鹿)”可知，上文建议用饼干切割器切出任何你想要的东西，星星甚至鹿，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明这一做法的要求。故A选项“让你的想象力尽情发挥吧”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Avoid food waste. Plan meals ahead and think about what you will do with leftovers.(避免食物浪费。提前计划好每顿饭，想想怎么处理剩饭剩菜)”可知，本句主要说明如何应对剩菜剩饭问题。故F选项“如果没有人喜欢某样东西，就没有必要买”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I got a degree in education and had an internship (实习) in a primary school. So I thought I was ____21____ to be a teacher, and I felt I was ready for my first real job—teaching pupils.
In the beginning, I ____22____ my lesson objectives and plans. Then I broke down ____23____ ideas into simple concepts that pupils could understand. But it turned out to be a ____24____ when I went into the classroom. I couldn’t keep the class ____25____. Some students spoke loudly and others ran around. All students rushed out of the door immediately the bell rang. I ____26____ my students didn’t like me. I even thought I didn’t have the ____27____ to do the job.
However, I had no regrets and complaints. I decided to improve my teaching ability. I should learn from the most ____28____ teacher I knew-Alice. She was so special that her students loved her very much. She was energetic and bright like ____29____ in their lives. They would ____30____ her in the hall, giving her hugs and bows.
One day, I was lucky to listen and ____31____ for a while in Alice’s class. I was watching her carefully. What a ____32____!I spent almost the whole class teaching, while she set aside more time for her students to participate in the class.
“Students’ interest ____33____ most. Their active participation in classroom activities is the key,” Alice said. “If they are not learning, we are not teaching,” she ____34____ explained. Since then, I’ve been adopting the model of student-centered teaching. Now, my students gradually like my class, and I also begin to ____35____ it every day.
21. A. qualified B. confused C. afraid D. sad
22. A. doubted B. delayed C. shared D. prepared
23. A. foolish B. complex C. unique D. mysterious
24. A. fortune B. joy C. failure D. trick
25. A. frightened B. focused C. asleep D. active
26. A. complained B. denied C. suspected D. regretted
27. A. responsibility B. capability C. ambition D. experience
28. A. popular B. romantic C. ordinary D. independent
29. A. air B. wind C. rain D. sunshine
30. A. greet B. protect C. serve D. introduce
31. A. speak B. rest C. run D. observe
32. A. mess B. contrast C. trouble D. pity
33. A. matters B. transforms C. decreases D. struggles
34. A. impolitely B. impatiently C. still D. further
35. A. think highly of B. look forward to C. sum up D. break off
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者是新老师，才开始给学生上课的时候遇到了挫折，于是像受欢迎的爱丽丝老师学习，得到了一些上课经验。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我认为我有资格成为一名教师，我觉得我已经为我的第一份真正的工作做好了准备——教学生。A. qualified有资格的；B. confused困惑的；C. afraid害怕的；D. sad悲伤的。根据后文“to be a teacher, and I felt I was ready for my first real job—teaching pupils”可知，作者认为自己有资格成为一名教师，我故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我准备了我的课程目标和计划。A. doubted怀疑；B. delayed推迟；C. shared分享；D. prepared准备。根据后文“my lesson objectives and plans”指准备好课程目标和计划。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我把复杂的想法分解成学生们能理解的简单概念。A. foolish愚蠢的；B. complex复杂的；C. unique独特的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据后文“ideas into simple concepts”可知，把复杂的想法分解成简单概念。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是当我走进教室的时候，它却变成了一个失败。A. fortune运气；B. joy快乐；C. failure失败；D. trick诡计。根据后文“Some students spoke loudly and others ran around.(一些学生大声说话，另一些学生跑来跑去)”可知，作者上课失败了。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我无法让班级集中注意力上课。A. frightened害怕的；B. focused集中的；C. asleep睡着的；D. active活跃的。根据后文“Some students spoke loudly and others ran around.(一些学生大声说话，另一些学生跑来跑去)”可知，作者无法让班级集中注意力上课。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怀疑我的学生不喜欢我。A. complained抱怨；B. denied否认；C. suspected怀疑；D. regretted后悔。根据后文“my students didn’t like me”可知，学生不听话让作者怀疑学生不喜欢自己。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至认为我没有能力做这项工作。A. responsibility责任；B. capability能力；C. ambition抱负；D. experience经历。根据后文“to do the job”可知，作者自我怀疑，认为没有能力做这项工作。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我应该向我认识的最受欢迎的老师——爱丽丝学习。A. popular受欢迎的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. ordinary普通的；D. independent独立的。根据后文“She was so special that her students loved her very much.(她很特别，她的学生都很喜欢她)”可知，爱丽丝老师受学生的欢迎。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她精力充沛，像他们生活中的阳光一样明亮。A. air空气；B. wind风；C. rain雨；D. sunshine阳光。根据上文“bright like”指爱丽丝像阳光一样，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会在大厅里问候她，给她拥抱和鞠躬。A. greet问候；B. protect保护；C. serve服务；D. introduce介绍。根据后文“her in the hall, giving her hugs and bows”指学生问候爱丽丝老师，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我很幸运地在爱丽丝的课上听了一会儿，观察了一会儿。A. speak说话；B. rest休息；C. run奔跑；D. observe观察。根据后文“for a while in Alice’s class”可知，作者在爱丽丝的课堂旁听和观察。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多么鲜明的对比啊！A. mess混乱；B. contrast差异；C. trouble麻烦；D. pity遗憾。根据后文“I spent almost the whole class teaching, while she set aside more time for her students to participate in the class.(我几乎用了整节课的时间来授课，而她则留出了更多的时间让她的学生参与课堂)”可知，爱丽丝的课和作者的课形成了对比。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“学生的兴趣最重要。”A. matters重要；B. transforms转换；C. decreases减少；D. struggles努力。根据后文“Their active participation in classroom activities is the key(他们积极参与课堂活动是关键)”可知，学生的兴趣最重要。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“如果他们不学习，我们就不教，”她进一步解释道。A. impolitely粗鲁地；B. impatiently不耐烦地；C. still仍然；D. further进一步。上文“If they are not learning, we are not teaching”是爱丽丝对于教学的进一步解释。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我的学生逐渐喜欢上了我的课，我也开始每天都期待着它。A. think highly of高度评价；B. look forward to期待；C. sum up总结；D. break off中断。根据上文“my students gradually like my class”可知，学生喜欢上作者的课，作者也开始期待上课。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My parents tried to talk me out of it when they heard about my plan ____36____ (cycle) alone across western China. ____37____ I didn’t change my mind. Even though I lived in China for six years, mostly in Beijing, I really felt like I ____38____ (understand) very little of the country before. So I decided to go on ____39____ one-month journey to discover more.
China is so safe. I never had a moment ____40____ I found I was in danger. Wherever I went, there was always a phone signal and even mobile payment. One of the best parts of the whole experience was Chinese people. I met people from different ethnic ____41____ (minority) across China. I once got to attend a local wedding, and a girl even lent me a ____42____ (tradition) dress for the day.
The food was ____43____ (definite) another highlight of my journey. I tasted local food in every place I went to. My favorite was the cuisine of Sichuan, a province ____44____ (know) for its spicy flavors and interesting dishes. By the end of my journey, I had wanted to keep going.
If anyone had an interest in traveling in China, I would highly recommend ____45____ (go) by bike!
【答案】36. to cycle
37. But 38. had understood
39. a 40. when
41. minorities
42. traditional
43. definitely
44. known 45. going
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者在中国骑自行车旅行的经历。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当我父母听说我计划独自骑自行车穿越中国西部时，他们劝我不要去。when引导的时间状语从句谓语为heard about，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词plan，plan后接不定式作定语。故填to cycle。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：但我没有改变主意。空后的I didn’t change my mind与前一句为转折关系，应用连词but“但是”，表示转折，位于句首，首字母大写。故填But。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：尽管我在中国生活了六年，大部分时间都在北京，但我真的觉得我以前对这个国家知之甚少。understand“了解”。结合时间状语before、谓语felt和句意可知，understand为动作felt like之前已经发生或完成了的动作，所以felt like后的宾语从句的时态用过去完成时。故填had understood。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：所以我决定进行一个为期一个月的旅行来发现更多。此处泛指“一个为期一个月的旅行”，且one-month以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我从来没有觉得自己处于危险之中。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a moment，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
【41题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：我遇到了来自中国各地不同少数民族的人。由空前的different可知，应用名词minority“少数民族”的复数形式，作介词from的宾语。故填minorities。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我曾经参加过一个当地的婚礼，一个女孩甚至借给我一件传统的礼服。本空应填形容词traditional“传统的”，作定语，修饰名词dress。故填traditional。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：食物绝对是我旅途中的另一个亮点。本空应填副词definitely“肯定”，作状语，修饰was。故填definitely。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我最喜欢的是川菜，一个以辛辣和有趣的菜肴而闻名的省份。本句系动词为was，此处应用非谓语动词，且province与know“知道”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语，修饰名词province。故填known。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果有人对在中国旅游感兴趣，我强烈建议骑自行车去！recommend doing sth.“建议做某事”，应用go“去”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填going。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英文报正在举办题为“I Love the City Where I Live”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 城市简介；
2. 城市展望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I Love the City Where I Live
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I Love the City Where I Live
The city where I live is one of the important birthplaces of the Chinese nation with rich historical, cultural and tourist resources. As a place with a long history, the city has been developing quickly in recent years. The high-speed rail has been increased, greatly benefiting our city’s economy and transportation. Many large shopping malls have been built, making it very convenient to buy things. Besides, some new parks have been built in our city, where people can relax themselves.
In all, great changes have taken place in my city. I love it and take great pride in it! I believe people here will live a happier life, and that my city will become more and more beautiful and prosperous.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“I Love the City Where I Live”为题写一篇短文投稿，谈谈城市简介和城市展望。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
丰富的：rich→abundant
快速：quickly→fast
此外：besides→in addition
为……自豪：take pride in→feel proud of
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The high-speed rail has been increased, greatly benefiting our city’s economy and transportation.
拓展句：The high-speed rail has been increased, which greatly benefits our city’s economy and transportation.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The city where I live is one of the important birthplaces of the Chinese nation with rich historical, cultural and tourist resources. (使用了where引导定语从句)
【高分句型2】I believe people here will live a happier life, and that my city will become more and more beautiful and prosperous. (使用了and连接两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个that省略)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I stood in front of the house, waiting for Grandma’s box of cookies. Every Saturday, a box of cookies would arrive on our doorstep tied with a brown string. As far as I could remember, Grandma, carrying the box, was always there on time.
Jack, my younger brother, had always been fonder of the cookies. He was still childish, maybe not understanding the value of time with family. As for me, I was always Grandma’s little girl, and possibly she loved me more than Mom. There was something about Grandma that made her so special. In fact, seeing her every Saturday was the happiest thing all week for me.
Jack played in the yard and picked flowers for the dinner table. Mom always wanted the prettiest ones, and Jack just knew which ones she would love most.
“The weather report says today will be a rainy day. So will Grandma still come ” Jack asked.
“I’m not sure,” I answered, looking up at the sky. The clouds were dark gray and thick, which just made me more upset. However, Jack didn’t seem too excited about the cookies this time. He was arranging his flowers attentively.
“You’d better come in! I can feel a few raindrops on my head,” Mom shouted. Jack quickly ran towards her, carrying many flowers. Some even slipped out of his hands, creating a colorful trail behind him.
“I brought you some roses Mom!” Jack said, shoving (猛推) the flowers into her hands. I found he left some flowers in his hand. Who was he going to give them to Mom then looked back at me. “Would you rather be outside in the rain ” she questioned. I shook my head. “It’s just a box of cookies. I can get it next Saturday,” I thought. However, I knew it was more about the cookies — it was a lot of love from Grandma.
Mom gave me a small smile and repeated, “I knew you wouldn’t want to get e in, baby.” I was about to step inside when a familiar voice came, “Jenny, I’m coming!” I turned back and saw Grandma shuffling (拖着脚走) towards me.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I rushed towards Grandma with open arms.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Grandma, you brought the cookies again!” Jack said happily.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
I rushed towards Grandma with open arms. I hugged her tightly, nearly knocking her off balance. She threw me a faint smile and held me close to her heart. I could feel her warm breath on my shoulder. The sight of her holding the box of cookies tied with a brown string brought joy to my heart. “I couldn’t let a little rain stop me from seeing my favorite girl and boy,” Grandma chuckled. She handed me the box of cookies. I held it delicately, and I thought it was the most precious in the world.
“Grandma, you brought the cookies again!” Jack said happily. He didn’t hug Grandma but asked her to close her eyes. I guessed he was playing a joke on Grandma. However, I was wrong. Surprisingly, he took out a beautiful bouquet of roses from behind his back. “Thank you, Grandma. The flowers are for you, my loving grandma.” I could see that Grandma was almost moved to tears. He held Grandma’s hand and guided her in front of the fireplace. I opened the box, and we enjoyed the delicious cookies together, talking and laughing.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。“我”和弟弟非常爱奶奶和奶奶做的饼干，每周奶奶都会送来饼干。“我”总是热切地期盼着奶奶送饼干来，因为饼干里蕴藏着奶奶的爱。有一天下雨了，我还是如同往常一样等待着奶奶的到来，弟弟在院子了摘花，奶奶仍旧给“我”送来了饼干。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“我张开双臂冲向奶奶。”可知，第一段可以描写奶奶来后“我”的动作和语言。
②由第二段句首内容“‘奶奶，你又把饼干带来了！’杰克高兴地说。”可知，第二段可以描写奶奶来后弟弟的动作和语言。
2.续写线索：跑向奶奶—拥抱—小心拿饼干—弟弟看到—弟弟给奶奶花—一起享受美味的饼干
3.词汇激
活行为类
①拥抱某人：hug sb./ give sb. a hug
②给我一个淡淡的微笑：throw me a faint smile/ give me a faint smile
③感觉到：feel/ sense
情绪类
①高兴：joy/happiness/delight
②令人惊讶地：surprisingly/ amazingly
【点睛】【高分句型1】I hugged her tightly, nearly knocking her off balance. ( 运用了现在分词knocking作状语)
【高分句型2】I held it delicately, and I thought it was the most precious in the world. ( 运用了省略了引导词that的宾语从句)
听力：1—5 CAACB 6—10 CBCCB 11—15 AABCA 16—20 ABACA十堰市2023—2024学年上学期期末调研考试题
高二英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man probably going to do
A. Go to the hospital. B. Return some books. C. Buy some magazines.
2. On which day does the woman like to go to the zoo
A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.
3. Where is Jennifer working now
A. In a college. B. In a hospital. C. In a drugstore.
4. When will the flight arrive
A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 1:30 pm. C. At 2:30 pm.
5. What does the woman mean
A. The book is boring.
B. The man needs to finish the book.
C. The man should check with his professor.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the man do last Saturday
A. He studied a lot. B. He joined a club. C. He went camping.
7. Why do people join “Flash Play”
A. To earn money. B. To make friends. C. To play sports inside.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does Diana say sorry to Peter
A. She needs to put off her test.
B. She wants to visit another city.
C. She has to give up her travel plan.
9. What does Diana want Peter to do
A. Help her with her study.
B. Teach a geography lesson.
C. Take a book to her friend.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where are the speakers
A. In Boston. B. In Memphis. C. In New Orleans.
11. What does the boy think of skiing in the front yard
A. It is unsafe. B. It is popular. C. It is uninteresting.
12. How does the girl know so much about the snow
A. She grew up in a cold area.
B. She learned about it from her mother.
C. She spent every winter in the mountains.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the woman
A. A doctor. B. A student. C. A teacher.
14. What is the woman doing
A. Giving a class. B. Going shopping. C. Making a survey.
15. How many hours a week does the man work
A. About 50. B. About 40. C. About 14.
16. What does the man spend three hours doing per week
A Reading. B. Talking to friends. C. Talking to the family.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did John enjoy doing in his childhood
A. Touring France. B. Painting pictures. C. Playing outdoors.
18. What did John do soon after he moved to the US
A. He did business. B. He studied biology. C. He worked on a farm.
19. Why did John initially go hunting
A. For food. B. For money. C. For pleasure.
20. What are the main objects of John’s works
A. American birds. B. Family members. C. Human behaviors.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you dream about working and meanwhile travelling in different countries, we’ve made a list of jobs that allow you to tour around the globe while earning some money!
A Travel Nurse
If you’re in the medical field, becoming a travel nurse is a good option. A travel nurse in worldwide demand is well paid, so medical professionals can wear uniforms on any continent. The nursing assignments vary in the length of working time. You can enjoy accommodation payment and insurance benefits, but you have to work in the high-stress environment.
A Waiter
A waiter abroad is a popular choice for young travelers because some restaurants don’t require much precious experience or qualifications, but they do not have access to high health insurance. Many people do service work for a while to earn enough money to travel abroad for the rest of the year. It’s OK for those without family to deal with customers at night, but they can’t get high wages.
An English Teacher
English is one of the world’s most spoken languages, so there is always a demand for people who can teach it. Being an English teacher abroad often requires a TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) certification. There are some popular destinations for prospective teachers. However, as teachers abroad, especially part-time teachers, their salaries are not high.
An Oil Industry Worker
Oil industry is one of the highest paying fields for both skilled and unskilled workers, with plenty of opportunities to travel whether they fulfill a position in exploration or production. You can be a researcher or an engineer on deep sea drilling rigs (钻塔). The job is well paid, and you can help companies do less harm to the sea.
1. What should travel nurses do
A. Assign nursing tasks. B. Get a TEFL certification.
C. Pay for their own accommodation. D. Develop a good anti-pressure ability.
2. What’s the common feature of working as a waiter and an English teacher in traveling
A. The low pay. B. The prospective career growth.
C. Large health insurance benefits. D. Professional training opportunities.
3. Which job is best suited to a traveller wanting to contribute to the environment
A. A travel nurse. B. A waiter.
C. An English teacher. D. An oil industry worker.
B
Sarah was not an early riser. But what made the annoying early morning hours bearable was the comforting smell of fresh coffee floating in the air. Her favorite coffee shop was just a few minutes away from her apartment.
One sunny morning, Sarah rushed to get dressed. Having a job interview, she felt anxious, afraid to be late. She grabbed her car key, dashed out of the door and made her way to her familiar coffee shop as usual. As she joined the line of cars at the drive-through, the smell of roasted coffee beans and the thought of the first taste of coffee were her little daily luxury. The line inched forward, and soon, Sarah found herself at the drive-through window. She reached for her purse to pay, but before she could hand over her credit card, the coffee shop assistant smiled and said, “Your coffee has been covered by the car ahead of you.” Sarah was taken aback. “Really ” she asked, feeling astonished and grateful. The assistant nodded. The unexpected act of kindness put a smile on her face, making her upcoming interview feel a little relaxing.
As she exited the drive-through, Sarah glanced in her rear view mirror (后视镜) at the next car approaching the coffee shop window. An idea began to come into her mind. Maybe she could do the same and brighten someone else’s morning. She decided to return to the coffee shop. Inside, she approached the cashier and said, “I’d like to pay for the coffee of the person in the car behind me.” The assistant smiled and nodded again.
As Sarah eventually left the coffee shop, Sarah couldn’t help but wonder how the next driver would react. A wave of satisfaction washed over Sarah as she witnessed the continuation of the coffee chain. She knew she had just initiated a chain of generosity and kindness.
4. What can we learn about Sarah from the first two paragraphs
A. She led a life of luxury. B. She used to get up early.
C. She was nervous about the interview. D. She was new to the coffee shop.
5. Why did Sarah go back to the coffee shop
A To find out who paid for her coffee. B. To order herself another cup of coffee.
C. To see what was exactly happening there. D. To buy coffee for the driver behind her.
6. How did Sarah feel when she finally left the coffee shop
A. Ambitious. B. Content. C. Awkward. D. Suspicious.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. A chain of coffee shops. B. An unforgettable interview.
C. The kindness from an assistant. D. The power of paying it forward.
C
A new study warns that more than a fifth of all reptile (爬行动物) species are threatened with extinction, which may have a bad impact on the planet.
The largest ever analysis of the state of the world’s reptiles, published in Nature, has showed that 21% of the reptile species are facing extinction. The study says from lizards to snakes, such a loss could have disastrous impacts on ecosystems around the world.
Although many reptiles live in dry environments such as deserts, most species occur in forests, where they suffer from threats such as logging of land for agriculture.30% of the forest-dwelling reptiles are at risk of extinction, compared with 14% in dry habitats. Hunting is also a major threat to reptiles, especially turtles and crocodiles, many of which are at risk of extinction. Another major contributing factor is the introduction of invasive species.
“If we removed reptiles, it could change ecosystems fundamentally, with unfortunate knock-on effects, such as increases in pest insects,” said Neil Cox, co-leader of the study. “Biodiversity, including reptiles, supports the ecosystem services that provide a healthy environment for people.”
Our hope is that this first-ever assessment of the world’s 10,000-plus reptiles helps put them in the spotlight and goes some way to highlighting this diversity, and just how much we have to lose. As well as controlling rats, mosquitoes and other pests, reptiles deliver many other benefits. “They help spread seeds, especially in island environments,” said researcher Hoffmann. “We’ve also achieved many medical advances from studies of reptiles.”
The results of the study are not all doom and gloom. Scientists have found, surprisingly, that if they set out to protect places where threatened birds, mammals and amphibians (两栖动物) live together, they’ll meanwhile protect many more threatened reptiles.
8. Which is the main concern raised by the new study
A. The overpopulation of reptiles. B. The loss of reptiles.
C. The sharp increase in reptile species. D. The disastrous influence of reptiles on nature.
9. How many factors causing the extinction of species are mentioned in paragraph 3
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
10. What did Neil Cox and Hoffmann both say about reptiles
A. Their benefits. B. Their habitats.
C. Their living habits. D. Their health problems.
11. What does the underlined phrase “doom and gloom” in the last paragraph mean
A. Disappointing. B. Odd. C. Satisfactory. D. Amazing.
D
In March, 2023, a group of computer scientists published an assessment of a new chatbot with artificial intelligence (AI). The team’s report drew global attention to one test in particular: We have a book, nine eggs, a laptop, a bottle and a nail, and please tell me how to pile them onto each other in a stable manner. This is a tough puzzle. Earlier versions of the chatbot gave silly and unreasonable answers. But the new chatbot’s unique answer helped set off the current global wave of AI advocacy and anxiety. It fueled debate about how large language models (LLMs) were able to perform creative tasks.
By 2022 LLMs were being trained on as many as 17 trillion words of human-generated text, mainly from the Internet. It was certain that the new chatbot was exposed to functional fixedness (功能固着) problems in its training. The researchers were of course aware of that and invented the “eggs and laptop” puzzle to prevent the new chatbot from dishonestly copying an answer from the Internet. LLMs used language statistics only. No one had said how to pile these nine eggs on top of each other ever before. The extreme rarity of those words would tend to prevent LLMs from talking about piling eggs in unrealistic ways. One of the researchers that tested the new chatbot thinks it’s likely that an LLM trained on trillions of words creates a world model, and this is what gives it the “magical” extrapolation (外推) properties.
Are LLMs truly original or are they just plagiarists (剽窃者) The two statements may not be as different as they seem. There’s nothing entirely new under the sun. Edison did not invent the light bulb but improved it. Most so-called creators apply knowledge from different fields to a problem and arrive at a solution. It’s more a matter of making relevant connections than of inventing something completely new. If LLMs are indeed acquiring the ability to make relevant connections, that would be a historic but discomforting development.
12. What do we know about the new chatbot’s answer to the puzzle in paragraph 1
A. It was silly. B. It set people thinking.
C. It drew little attention. D. It highlighted language innovation.
13. Why did the researchers invent the “eggs and laptop” puzzle
A. To copy online answers. B. To stop the chatbot cheating.
C. To train humans to use language. D. To expose the chatbot to functional problems.
14. What does the author convey in the last paragraph
A. How an invention came into being. B. How Edison became successful in history.
C. Why Edison invented something entirely new. D. Why an invention required effort and opportunity.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Will Robots Replace Humans B. Can Robots Develop Smoothly
C. Can AI Come Up With Anything Original D. Will AI Solve Magical And Difficult Problems
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Have an Eco-friendly New Year
New Year is a time of great joy, but it can also lead to over-consumption. It is important to have an eco-friendly New Year. Do you want to do something to help protect the planet in the New Year ____16____
Wrap gifts in an eco-friendly way. It is appealing to wrap gifts in shiny wrapping paper. ____17____ You can wrap gifts in beautiful square cloths that can be used again and again. Use ribbons to tie them together. Go a step further by making your own gift bags which can be reused throughout the years.
____18____ Your loved ones would rather spend more time with you than have more stuff. You can either book an experience together or share a skill which you have with them. Eatable presents are also fun to make. Not only will you create new memories and have something to look forward to in the new year but you will also avoid giving them stuff they don’t want.
Make home-made decorations. Spending time making decorations with friends and family is a great activity in cold days. Your home will become beautiful with home-made paper stars made out of old newspapers. And sticking paper cuts to windows will be impressive. Also, try to use a cookie cutter to cut out anything you want, stars or even deer. ____19____
Avoid food waste. Plan meals ahead and think about what you will do with leftovers. ____20____ Why not do it yourself, make your own food traditions to suit your tastes and make sure that no food goes to waste
A. Just let your imagination run wild.
B. Give gifts that make new memories.
C. You want your loved ones to send gifts to you.
D. But it is non-recyclable and goes straight to waste.
E. Here is how to cut back on unnecessary purchases.
F. And if no one likes something, there is no need to buy it.
G. Buy as much as you can in case a large number of guests arrive.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I got a degree in education and had an internship (实习) in a primary school. So I thought I was ____21____ to be a teacher, and I felt I was ready for my first real job—teaching pupils.
In the beginning, I ____22____ my lesson objectives and plans. Then I broke down ____23____ ideas into simple concepts that pupils could understand. But it turned out to be a ____24____ when I went into the classroom. I couldn’t keep the class ____25____. Some students spoke loudly and others ran around. All students rushed out of the door immediately the bell rang. I ____26____ my students didn’t like me. I even thought I didn’t have the ____27____ to do the job.
However I had no regrets and complaints. I decided to improve my teaching ability. I should learn from the most ____28____ teacher I knew-Alice. She was so special that her students loved her very much. She was energetic and bright like ____29____ in their lives. They would ____30____ her in the hall, giving her hugs and bows.
One day, I was lucky to listen and ____31____ for a while in Alice’s class. I was watching her carefully. What a ____32____!I spent almost the whole class teaching, while she set aside more time for her students to participate in the class.
“Students’ interest ____33____ most. Their active participation in classroom activities is the key,” Alice said. “If they are not learning, we are not teaching,” she ____34____ explained. Since then, I’ve been adopting the model of student-centered teaching. Now, my students gradually like my class, and I also begin to ____35____ it every day.
21. A. qualified B. confused C. afraid D. sad
22. A. doubted B. delayed C. shared D. prepared
23. A. foolish B. complex C. unique D. mysterious
24. A. fortune B. joy C. failure D. trick
25. A. frightened B. focused C. asleep D. active
26. A. complained B. denied C. suspected D. regretted
27. A. responsibility B. capability C. ambition D. experience
28. A. popular B. romantic C. ordinary D. independent
29. A. air B. wind C. rain D. sunshine
30. A. greet B. protect C. serve D. introduce
31. A. speak B. rest C. run D. observe
32. A. mess B. contrast C. trouble D. pity
33. A. matters B. transforms C. decreases D. struggles
34. A. impolitely B. impatiently C. still D. further
35. A. think highly of B. look forward to C. sum up D. break off
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My parents tried to talk me out of it when they heard about my plan ____36____ (cycle) alone across western China. ____37____ I didn’t change my mind. Even though I lived in China for six years, mostly in Beijing, I really felt like I ____38____ (understand) very little of the country before. So I decided to go on ____39____ one-month journey to discover more.
China is so safe. I never had a moment ____40____ I found I was in danger. Wherever I went, there was always a phone signal and even mobile payment. One of the best parts of the whole experience was Chinese people. I met people from different ethnic ____41____ (minority) across China. I once got to attend a local wedding, and a girl even lent me a ____42____ (tradition) dress for the day.
The food was ____43____ (definite) another highlight of my journey. I tasted local food in every place I went to. My favorite was the cuisine of Sichuan, a province ____44____ (know) for its spicy flavors and interesting dishes. By the end of my journey, I had wanted to keep going.
If anyone had an interest in traveling in China, I would highly recommend ____45____ (go) by bike!
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英文报正在举办题为“I Love the City Where I Live”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 城市简介；
2. 城市展望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I Love the City Where I Live
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I stood in front of the house, waiting for Grandma’s box of cookies. Every Saturday, a box of cookies would arrive on our doorstep tied with a brown string. As far as I could remember, Grandma, carrying the box, was always there on time.
Jack, my younger brother, had always been fonder of the cookies. He was still childish, maybe not understanding the value of time with family. As for me, I was always Grandma’s little girl, and possibly she loved me more than Mom. There was something about Grandma that made her so special. In fact, seeing her every Saturday was the happiest thing all week for me.
Jack played in the yard and picked flowers for the dinner table. Mom always wanted the prettiest ones, and Jack just knew which ones she would love most.
“The weather report says today will be a rainy day. So will Grandma still come ” Jack asked.
“I’m not sure,” I answered, looking up at the sky. The clouds were dark gray and thick, which just made me more upset. However, Jack didn’t seem too excited about the cookies this time. He was arranging his flowers attentively.
“You’d better come in! I can feel a few raindrops on my head,” Mom shouted. Jack quickly ran towards her, carrying many flowers. Some even slipped out of his hands, creating a colorful trail behind him.
“I brought you some roses, Mom!” Jack said, shoving (猛推) the flowers into her hands. I found he left some flowers in his hand. Who was he going to give them to Mom then looked back at me. “Would you rather be outside in the rain ” she questioned. I shook my head. “It’s just a box of cookies. I can get it next Saturday,” I thought. However, I knew it was more about the cookies — it was a lot of love from Grandma.
Mom gave me a small smile and repeated, “I knew you wouldn’t want to get e in, baby.” I was about to step inside when a familiar voice came, “Jenny, I’m coming!” I turned back and saw Grandma shuffling (拖着脚走) towards me.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I rushed towards Grandma with open arms.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Grandma, you brought the cookies again!” Jack said happily.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力：1—5 CAACB 6—10 CBCCB 11—15 AABCA 16—20 ABACA
