2024届高考英语阅读理解五步法专项带练(31)讲义
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语阅读理解五步法专项带练(31)讲义 |  | |
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（素材广东省华附、省实、广雅、深中2024届高三四校联考英语试题）
①Wild turkeys are a familiar sight throughout New Hampshire, where flocks wander along roadsides and through backyards.
②In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state. It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows -forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
③"Originally, I never thought it would get beyond a few thousand turkeys, " says Walski, who spent nearly 50 years working with the birds before retiring in 2019.
④Instead, New Hampshire's turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45, 000 animals --- the highest since the reintroduction, and probably the most the state can approach. Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story ---there are 70, 000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50, 000 in Vermont, and more than 30, 000 in Massachusetts-all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.
⑤So what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history Most likely, it's due to the bird's surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans. In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people-particularly birdseed. Besides, it doesn't hurt that native predators, such as wolves and cougars, have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey's range.
⑥But everyone is not thankful for the New England turkey boom. The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous. In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts-twice. As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
32. What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War
A. Disappearing forests and unrestricted hunting.
B. Ted Walski's reintroduction policy and its effects.
C. Turkeys' inability to reproduce and coexist with humans.
D. Native predators' occupation of most parts of turkeys' range.
33. According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys
A. Their explosive population is completely out of the control of New Hampshire.
B. The number of wild turkeys amounts to around six million in Alaska.
C. Their abilities to reproduce fall short of people's expectations.
D. They feed on adequate food from human beings.
34. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. It is urgent to protect wild turkeys from being attacked.
B. Turkeys are posing a potential threat to natural environment.
C. Nobody appreciates the increase in turkeys due to their evil deeds.
D. Measures will be taken to tackle conflicts between turkeys and humans.
35. What is the main idea of the text
A. New England witnesses a turkey boom but not all appreciate it.
B. The wildlife reintroduction program of wild turkeys is quite successful.
C. Wild turkeys' sharp increase does harm to human beings and environment.
D. There is a contradictory relationship between wild turkeys and human beings.
【五步法解析】
串联题干
What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War
According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys
What can be inferred from the last paragraph
35. What is the main idea of the text
主题词归纳：wild turkeys, new England,civil war
主旨题先做：
35. What is the main idea of the text
New England witnesses a turkey boom but not all appreciate it.（主题词中了两个，当选）
新英格兰见证了火鸡的繁荣，但并不是所有人都喜欢它
The wildlife reintroduction program of wild turkeys is quite successful.(文章细节，以偏概全）
野生动物放归野生火鸡的计划非常成功。
Wild turkeys' sharp increase does harm to human beings and environment.
（文章是说英国人对火鸡增长潮的看法，并未涉及环境危害）
.野生火鸡的急剧增加对人类和环境造成了危害。
D. There is a contradictory relationship between wild turkeys and human beings.
（过度推断，是人类对火鸡的看法，而不是关系）
野生火鸡和人类之间有一种矛盾的关系。
【障碍词解析】
Reintroduction n.再介绍，再引入; 将…放归自然栖息地
【记忆】 re-,再,重新,introduce,引进。
The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.
（2017年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读C 选项）
将狼放归黄石公园。
主旨题一般情况下解题有三个方式：
①主题词关联
②最后一段首句
③每段首句
第二种解题技法：回文定位:
⑥But everyone is not thankful for the New England turkey boom. (并不是每个人都感谢新英格兰的火鸡增长潮。）The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous. In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts-twice. As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
顺带把34题给解决了
34. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
It is urgent to protect wild turkeys from being attacked.（没涉及保护动物）
保护野生火鸡免受攻击迫在眉睫。
Turkeys are posing a potential threat to natural environment.（没涉及环境保护）
火鸡对自然环境构成了潜在的威胁。
Nobody appreciates the increase in turkeys due to their evil deeds.（过度推断，只是看法）
没有人会感激火鸡因为它们的恶行而增加的数量。
D. Measures will be taken to tackle conflicts between turkeys and humans.（与原文主旨符合，当选）
将采取措施解决火鸡和人类之间的冲突。
段落推断题解法有两个：
①主题词关联
②回文定位
第一种解题技法：Turkey and human= turkey and New England.
第二种解题技法：
⑥But everyone is not thankful for the New England turkey boom. The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous. In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts-twice. As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.野生动物官员正试图应对这只火鸡将留在这里的现实。
（that引导同位语从句修饰reality)
Cope with =tackle
33. According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys
Their explosive population is completely out of the control of New Hampshire.
（是火鸡的数量增长，而不是人口数量增长）
他们爆炸性的人口增长完全超出了新罕布什尔州的控制范围
The number of wild turkeys amounts to around six million in Alaska.
（定位到第四段，说的是除阿拉斯加之外，并未提及该州火鸡数量）
阿拉斯加野生火鸡的数量约为600万只。
④Instead, New Hampshire's turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45, 000 animals --- the highest since the reintroduction,（C选项线索句） and probably the most the state can approach. Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story ---there are 70, 000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50, 000 in Vermont, and more than 30, 000 in Massachusetts-all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.马萨诸塞州有3万多只——所有这些动物加起来大约有600万只，在除阿拉斯加以外的所有州繁殖。（B选项线索句）
Their abilities to reproduce fall short of people's expectations.
（也是定位到第四段，首句，说的是数量超出人们预期）
它们的繁殖能力达不到人们的期望。
D. They feed on adequate food from human beings.
它们以人类的食物为食。
（定位到第五段，中间部分说的是火鸡经常吃人们提供的喂鸟食物）
⑤So what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history Most likely, it's due to the bird's surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans. In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people-particularly birdseed.
享用人们提供的无穷无尽的自助餐，尤其是鸟食。
Besides, it doesn't hurt that native predators, such as wolves and cougars, have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey's range.
这是一道经典的是非排除题，考察的是同学们对于文章细节了解
这种题目有两种解法：
①主题词对应，human being= New England
②逐个选项回文定位，提醒一下，如果选用此法，一定要留在最后解决，因为这是最耗费时间的。
32. What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War
A. Disappearing forests and unrestricted hunting.
B. Ted Walski's reintroduction policy and its effects.
C. Turkeys' inability to reproduce and coexist with humans.
D. Native predators' occupation of most parts of turkeys' range.
②In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state. It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows -forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
同义替换：got their own way=unrestricted;vanish=disappear
【逐句翻译】
①Wild turkeys are a familiar sight throughout New Hampshire, where flocks wander along roadsides and through backyards.
句子结构分析：where引导定语从句修饰new Hampshire
句意：野生火鸡在新罕布什尔州随处可见，成群的火鸡在路边和后院徘徊。
②In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state.
句子结构分析：the biologist for....做同位语修饰 ted walski;a town in the western part....做同位语修饰Walpole
句意：1975年，新罕布什尔州渔猎局的生物学家泰德·瓦尔斯基(Ted Walski)在该州西部小镇沃波尔(Walpole)从他的卡车后面放了25只火鸡。
It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows -forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
句子结构分析：that引导定语从句修饰 a species;where引导定语从句修饰civil war;破折号后接同位语补充修饰heavy blows
句意：这是重新引进一种物种的努力的一部分，这种物种在内战前在新英格兰灭绝，在那里它曾经遭受沉重的打击——森林因不明原因消失，人们有自己的狩猎方式。
【固定搭配解析】
bring back 带回（某人或某物）; 还回（某物）; 回忆[回顾，回想起]（往事）; 使（某人）恢复（某状态）
The wood had been recently polished to bring back the shine.
木头最近经过抛光又恢复了光泽。
wipe out彻底摧毁，消灭
The man is a fanatic who is determined to wipe out any opposition to the way he conducts himself.
这人是个狂热分子，决意扫除任何反对其行事作风的声音。
③"Originally, I never thought it would get beyond a few thousand turkeys, " says Walski, who spent nearly 50 years working with the birds before retiring in 2019.
句子结构分析：who引导定语从句修饰walski
句意：“最初，我从未想过会超过几千只火鸡，”沃尔斯基说，他在2019年退休之前与火鸡一起工作了近50年。
④Instead, New Hampshire's turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45, 000 animals --- the highest since the reintroduction, and probably the most the state can approach.
句子结构分析：new around....做同位语解释 New Hampshire;破折号后引导同位语修饰45000animals
相反，新罕布什尔州的火鸡数量激增，超出了所有人的预期，现在大约有45000只——这是自重新引入以来的最高水平，也可能是该州能达到的最高水平。
Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story ---there are 70, 000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50, 000 in Vermont, and more than 30, 000 in Massachusetts-all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.
句子结构分析：there are...作为同位语的解释similar story，all of which引导定语从句修饰there
句意：邻近各州和全国各地的放归努力也创造了类似的故事——缅因州有7万只野生火鸡，佛蒙特州有5万只，马萨诸塞州有3万多只——所有这些总计约有600万只野生火鸡在阿拉斯加以外的所有州繁殖。
⑤So what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history
那么，是什么使野生火鸡成为美国历史上最成功的野生动物重新引入计划之一呢
Most likely, it's due to the bird's surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans.
最有可能的是，这是由于这种鸟令人惊讶和意想不到的与人类生活在一起的能力。
【固定搭配分析】
Due to 由于，因为
The coast road is closed due to bad weather.
由于天气恶劣，滨海公路暂时封闭。
In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people-particularly birdseed.
在郊区，火鸡可以利用边缘栖息地，如树林和开阔的空间，并以人类提供的永无止境的食物自助餐为食，尤其是鸟食。
【固定搭配分析】
Take advantage of....利用；欺骗；占…的便宜
Take advantage of low-season airfares.
利用淡季飞机票价。
Besides, it doesn't hurt that native predators, such as wolves and cougars, have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey's range.
句子结构分析：such as 引导同位语补充修饰native predators
句意：此外，当地的食肉动物，如狼和美洲狮，已经从火鸡的大部分活动范围内消失了，这并没有什么坏处。
⑥But everyone is not thankful for the New England turkey boom.
但并不是所有人都对新英格兰的火鸡热潮心存感激。
The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous.
这种臭名昭著的大胆的鸟是麻烦的，扰乱交通，啄前门，以及潜在的危险。
In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts-twice.
2019年，一名35岁的孕妇在马萨诸塞州剑桥街头被火鸡袭击了两次
As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
句子结构分析：as引导状语前置
句意：随着这些20磅重的鸟与人类之间的冲突不断增加，特别是在春季繁殖季节，野生动物官员正试图应对火鸡留在这里的现实。
【全文翻译】
野生火鸡在新罕布什尔州随处可见，成群的火鸡在路边和后院徘徊。
1975年，新罕布什尔州渔猎局的生物学家泰德·沃尔斯基在该州西部的沃波尔镇从他的卡车后面放了25只火鸡。这是重新引进一种物种的努力的一部分，这种物种在内战前在新英格兰灭绝，在那里它曾经遭受沉重的打击——森林因不明原因消失，人们有自己的狩猎方式。
“最初，我从未想过火鸡的数量会超过几千只，”瓦尔斯基说，他在2019年退休之前与火鸡一起工作了近50年。
相反，新罕布什尔州的火鸡数量激增，超出了所有人的预期，现在大约有45000只——这是自重新引入火鸡以来的最高水平，也可能是该州能达到的最高水平。邻近各州和全国各地的放归努力也创造了类似的故事——缅因州有7万只野生火鸡，佛蒙特州有5万只，马萨诸塞州有3万多只——所有这些总计约有600万只野生火鸡在阿拉斯加以外的所有州繁殖。
那么，是什么使野生火鸡成为美国历史上最成功的野生动物重新引入计划之一呢 最有可能的是，这是由于这种鸟令人惊讶和意想不到的与人类生活在一起的能力。在郊区，火鸡可以利用边缘栖息地，如树林和开阔的空间，并以人类提供的永无止境的食物自助餐为食，尤其是鸟食。此外，当地的食肉动物，如狼和美洲狮，已经从火鸡的大部分活动范围内消失了，这并没有什么坏处。
但并不是每个人都对新英格兰的火鸡热潮心存感激。这种臭名昭著的大胆的鸟是麻烦的，扰乱交通，啄前门，以及潜在的危险。2019年，一名35岁的孕妇在马萨诸塞州剑桥街头被火鸡袭击了两次。随着这些20磅重的鸟与人类之间的冲突不断增加，特别是在春季繁殖季节，野生动物官员正试图应对火鸡留在这里的现实。
①Wild turkeys are a familiar sight throughout New Hampshire, where flocks wander along roadsides and through backyards.
②In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state. It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows -forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
③"Originally, I never thought it would get beyond a few thousand turkeys, " says Walski, who spent nearly 50 years working with the birds before retiring in 2019.
④Instead, New Hampshire's turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45, 000 animals --- the highest since the reintroduction, and probably the most the state can approach. Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story ---there are 70, 000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50, 000 in Vermont, and more than 30, 000 in Massachusetts-all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.
⑤So what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history Most likely, it's due to the bird's surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans. In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people-particularly birdseed. Besides, it doesn't hurt that native predators, such as wolves and cougars, have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey's range.
⑥But everyone is not thankful for the New England turkey boom. The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous. In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts-twice. As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
32. What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War
A. Disappearing forests and unrestricted hunting.
B. Ted Walski's reintroduction policy and its effects.
C. Turkeys' inability to reproduce and coexist with humans.
D. Native predators' occupation of most parts of turkeys' range.
33. According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys
A. Their explosive population is completely out of the control of New Hampshire.
B. The number of wild turkeys amounts to around six million in Alaska.
C. Their abilities to reproduce fall short of people's expectations.
D. They feed on adequate food from human beings.
34. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. It is urgent to protect wild turkeys from being attacked.
B. Turkeys are posing a potential threat to natural environment.
C. Nobody appreciates the increase in turkeys due to their evil deeds.
D. Measures will be taken to tackle conflicts between turkeys and humans.
35. What is the main idea of the text
A. New England witnesses a turkey boom but not all appreciate it.
B. The wildlife reintroduction program of wild turkeys is quite successful.
C. Wild turkeys' sharp increase does harm to human beings and environment.
D. There is a contradictory relationship between wild turkeys and human beings.
【五步法解析】
串联题干
What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War
According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys
What can be inferred from the last paragraph
35. What is the main idea of the text
主题词归纳：wild turkeys, new England,civil war
主旨题先做：
35. What is the main idea of the text
New England witnesses a turkey boom but not all appreciate it.（主题词中了两个，当选）
新英格兰见证了火鸡的繁荣，但并不是所有人都喜欢它
The wildlife reintroduction program of wild turkeys is quite successful.(文章细节，以偏概全）
野生动物放归野生火鸡的计划非常成功。
Wild turkeys' sharp increase does harm to human beings and environment.
（文章是说英国人对火鸡增长潮的看法，并未涉及环境危害）
.野生火鸡的急剧增加对人类和环境造成了危害。
D. There is a contradictory relationship between wild turkeys and human beings.
（过度推断，是人类对火鸡的看法，而不是关系）
野生火鸡和人类之间有一种矛盾的关系。
【障碍词解析】
Reintroduction n.再介绍，再引入; 将…放归自然栖息地
【记忆】 re-,再,重新,introduce,引进。
The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.
（2017年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读C 选项）
将狼放归黄石公园。
主旨题一般情况下解题有三个方式：
①主题词关联
②最后一段首句
③每段首句
第二种解题技法：回文定位:
⑥But everyone is not thankful for the New England turkey boom. (并不是每个人都感谢新英格兰的火鸡增长潮。）The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous. In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts-twice. As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
顺带把34题给解决了
34. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
It is urgent to protect wild turkeys from being attacked.（没涉及保护动物）
保护野生火鸡免受攻击迫在眉睫。
Turkeys are posing a potential threat to natural environment.（没涉及环境保护）
火鸡对自然环境构成了潜在的威胁。
Nobody appreciates the increase in turkeys due to their evil deeds.（过度推断，只是看法）
没有人会感激火鸡因为它们的恶行而增加的数量。
D. Measures will be taken to tackle conflicts between turkeys and humans.（与原文主旨符合，当选）
将采取措施解决火鸡和人类之间的冲突。
段落推断题解法有两个：
①主题词关联
②回文定位
第一种解题技法：Turkey and human= turkey and New England.
第二种解题技法：
⑥But everyone is not thankful for the New England turkey boom. The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous. In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts-twice. As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.野生动物官员正试图应对这只火鸡将留在这里的现实。
（that引导同位语从句修饰reality)
Cope with =tackle
33. According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys
Their explosive population is completely out of the control of New Hampshire.
（是火鸡的数量增长，而不是人口数量增长）
他们爆炸性的人口增长完全超出了新罕布什尔州的控制范围
The number of wild turkeys amounts to around six million in Alaska.
（定位到第四段，说的是除阿拉斯加之外，并未提及该州火鸡数量）
阿拉斯加野生火鸡的数量约为600万只。
④Instead, New Hampshire's turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45, 000 animals --- the highest since the reintroduction,（C选项线索句） and probably the most the state can approach. Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story ---there are 70, 000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50, 000 in Vermont, and more than 30, 000 in Massachusetts-all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.马萨诸塞州有3万多只——所有这些动物加起来大约有600万只，在除阿拉斯加以外的所有州繁殖。（B选项线索句）
Their abilities to reproduce fall short of people's expectations.
（也是定位到第四段，首句，说的是数量超出人们预期）
它们的繁殖能力达不到人们的期望。
D. They feed on adequate food from human beings.
它们以人类的食物为食。
（定位到第五段，中间部分说的是火鸡经常吃人们提供的喂鸟食物）
⑤So what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history Most likely, it's due to the bird's surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans. In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people-particularly birdseed.
享用人们提供的无穷无尽的自助餐，尤其是鸟食。
Besides, it doesn't hurt that native predators, such as wolves and cougars, have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey's range.
这是一道经典的是非排除题，考察的是同学们对于文章细节了解
这种题目有两种解法：
①主题词对应，human being= New England
②逐个选项回文定位，提醒一下，如果选用此法，一定要留在最后解决，因为这是最耗费时间的。
32. What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War
A. Disappearing forests and unrestricted hunting.
B. Ted Walski's reintroduction policy and its effects.
C. Turkeys' inability to reproduce and coexist with humans.
D. Native predators' occupation of most parts of turkeys' range.
②In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state. It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows -forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
同义替换：got their own way=unrestricted;vanish=disappear
【逐句翻译】
①Wild turkeys are a familiar sight throughout New Hampshire, where flocks wander along roadsides and through backyards.
句子结构分析：where引导定语从句修饰new Hampshire
句意：野生火鸡在新罕布什尔州随处可见，成群的火鸡在路边和后院徘徊。
②In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state.
句子结构分析：the biologist for....做同位语修饰 ted walski;a town in the western part....做同位语修饰Walpole
句意：1975年，新罕布什尔州渔猎局的生物学家泰德·瓦尔斯基(Ted Walski)在该州西部小镇沃波尔(Walpole)从他的卡车后面放了25只火鸡。
It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows -forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
句子结构分析：that引导定语从句修饰 a species;where引导定语从句修饰civil war;破折号后接同位语补充修饰heavy blows
句意：这是重新引进一种物种的努力的一部分，这种物种在内战前在新英格兰灭绝，在那里它曾经遭受沉重的打击——森林因不明原因消失，人们有自己的狩猎方式。
【固定搭配解析】
bring back 带回（某人或某物）; 还回（某物）; 回忆[回顾，回想起]（往事）; 使（某人）恢复（某状态）
The wood had been recently polished to bring back the shine.
木头最近经过抛光又恢复了光泽。
wipe out彻底摧毁，消灭
The man is a fanatic who is determined to wipe out any opposition to the way he conducts himself.
这人是个狂热分子，决意扫除任何反对其行事作风的声音。
③"Originally, I never thought it would get beyond a few thousand turkeys, " says Walski, who spent nearly 50 years working with the birds before retiring in 2019.
句子结构分析：who引导定语从句修饰walski
句意：“最初，我从未想过会超过几千只火鸡，”沃尔斯基说，他在2019年退休之前与火鸡一起工作了近50年。
④Instead, New Hampshire's turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45, 000 animals --- the highest since the reintroduction, and probably the most the state can approach.
句子结构分析：new around....做同位语解释 New Hampshire;破折号后引导同位语修饰45000animals
相反，新罕布什尔州的火鸡数量激增，超出了所有人的预期，现在大约有45000只——这是自重新引入以来的最高水平，也可能是该州能达到的最高水平。
Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story ---there are 70, 000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50, 000 in Vermont, and more than 30, 000 in Massachusetts-all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.
句子结构分析：there are...作为同位语的解释similar story，all of which引导定语从句修饰there
句意：邻近各州和全国各地的放归努力也创造了类似的故事——缅因州有7万只野生火鸡，佛蒙特州有5万只，马萨诸塞州有3万多只——所有这些总计约有600万只野生火鸡在阿拉斯加以外的所有州繁殖。
⑤So what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history
那么，是什么使野生火鸡成为美国历史上最成功的野生动物重新引入计划之一呢
Most likely, it's due to the bird's surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans.
最有可能的是，这是由于这种鸟令人惊讶和意想不到的与人类生活在一起的能力。
【固定搭配分析】
Due to 由于，因为
The coast road is closed due to bad weather.
由于天气恶劣，滨海公路暂时封闭。
In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people-particularly birdseed.
在郊区，火鸡可以利用边缘栖息地，如树林和开阔的空间，并以人类提供的永无止境的食物自助餐为食，尤其是鸟食。
【固定搭配分析】
Take advantage of....利用；欺骗；占…的便宜
Take advantage of low-season airfares.
利用淡季飞机票价。
Besides, it doesn't hurt that native predators, such as wolves and cougars, have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey's range.
句子结构分析：such as 引导同位语补充修饰native predators
句意：此外，当地的食肉动物，如狼和美洲狮，已经从火鸡的大部分活动范围内消失了，这并没有什么坏处。
⑥But everyone is not thankful for the New England turkey boom.
但并不是所有人都对新英格兰的火鸡热潮心存感激。
The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous.
这种臭名昭著的大胆的鸟是麻烦的，扰乱交通，啄前门，以及潜在的危险。
In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts-twice.
2019年，一名35岁的孕妇在马萨诸塞州剑桥街头被火鸡袭击了两次
As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
句子结构分析：as引导状语前置
句意：随着这些20磅重的鸟与人类之间的冲突不断增加，特别是在春季繁殖季节，野生动物官员正试图应对火鸡留在这里的现实。
【全文翻译】
野生火鸡在新罕布什尔州随处可见，成群的火鸡在路边和后院徘徊。
1975年，新罕布什尔州渔猎局的生物学家泰德·沃尔斯基在该州西部的沃波尔镇从他的卡车后面放了25只火鸡。这是重新引进一种物种的努力的一部分，这种物种在内战前在新英格兰灭绝，在那里它曾经遭受沉重的打击——森林因不明原因消失，人们有自己的狩猎方式。
“最初，我从未想过火鸡的数量会超过几千只，”瓦尔斯基说，他在2019年退休之前与火鸡一起工作了近50年。
相反，新罕布什尔州的火鸡数量激增，超出了所有人的预期，现在大约有45000只——这是自重新引入火鸡以来的最高水平，也可能是该州能达到的最高水平。邻近各州和全国各地的放归努力也创造了类似的故事——缅因州有7万只野生火鸡，佛蒙特州有5万只，马萨诸塞州有3万多只——所有这些总计约有600万只野生火鸡在阿拉斯加以外的所有州繁殖。
那么，是什么使野生火鸡成为美国历史上最成功的野生动物重新引入计划之一呢 最有可能的是，这是由于这种鸟令人惊讶和意想不到的与人类生活在一起的能力。在郊区，火鸡可以利用边缘栖息地，如树林和开阔的空间，并以人类提供的永无止境的食物自助餐为食，尤其是鸟食。此外，当地的食肉动物，如狼和美洲狮，已经从火鸡的大部分活动范围内消失了，这并没有什么坏处。
但并不是每个人都对新英格兰的火鸡热潮心存感激。这种臭名昭著的大胆的鸟是麻烦的，扰乱交通，啄前门，以及潜在的危险。2019年，一名35岁的孕妇在马萨诸塞州剑桥街头被火鸡袭击了两次。随着这些20磅重的鸟与人类之间的冲突不断增加，特别是在春季繁殖季节，野生动物官员正试图应对火鸡留在这里的现实。