江西省贵溪2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷(原卷版+ 解析版)

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名称 江西省贵溪2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷(原卷版+ 解析版)
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更新时间 2024-02-12 15:14:41

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高三总复习双向达标月考调研卷
英语(四)
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. How much will the man pay
A. $25. B. $60. C. $90.
2. What will the weather be like in the afternoon
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Foggy.
3. Why does the woman look anxious
A. She can’t see a movie.
B. She’ll have a test next Monday.
C. She has trouble with her paper.
4. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a pet shop. B. In a restaurant. C. In a grocery store.
5. What is the conversation mainly about
A. Where to go. B. What movie to see. C. When to meet.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What did Lisa do on Saturday afternoon
A. She went to the gym.
B She did a part-time job.
C. She did some shopping.
7. What will the man probably do next
A. Clean his room. B. Take some exercise. C. Prepare for the exam.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8. How does the woman feel about math now
A. Interested. B. Anxious. C. Unconcerned.
9. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A subject. B. A student. C. A teacher.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man tell the woman
A. Check-out time. B. The bill. C. His bad dream.
11. What time is it now
A.11:30 a. m. B.2:00 p. m. C.6:00 p. m.
12. How does the man sound
A. Tired. B. Grateful. C. Understanding.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13. What probably is the woman
A. A bank clerk. B. A salesperson. C. A consultant.
14. Why does the man need an account
A. To save more money.
B. To prepare for a tour.
C. To exchange some cash.
15 What is the spending limit of the man’s last credit card
A. $2,000. B.$2,500. C. $5,000.
16. What will the man do within one week
A. Start a business. B. Go on a trip. C. Receive a credit card.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. Who does the speaker probably speak to
A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents.
18. What kind of bags does the speaker suggest using
A. Paper bags. B. Plastic bags. C. Reusable bags.
19. What is the speaker’s second suggestion
A. Unplugging the devices.
B. Using energy-saving devices.
C. Standing beside the devices.
20. Why does the speaker make the speech
A. To call for people to take action.
B. To correct some wrong ideas.
C. To discuss different habits in life.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C和D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Winners of the Broadcom MASTERS
Girls took the top prizes at the Broadcom MASTERS, a science competition for middle school students.
Alaina Gassler
Alaina won the $25,000 Samueli Foundation Prize for the project of reducing blind spots in cars. She was inspired to solve this issue by her mother who didn’t like driving her vehicle because its large A-pillar (A柱) design made her feel in danger. “I started to think about how blind spots were a huge problem in all cars,” said Alaina. So she worked on and solved it.
Sidor Clare
Sidor won the $10,000 Marconi/Samueli Award for Innovation, an honor made by Samueli’s generous donation of his 2012 Marconi Society Prize Award. She developed bricks that could one day be made on Mars, so that humans wouldn’t be required to carry building materials with them in order to build there.
Alexis MacAvoy
Alexis won the $10,000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health Advancement, which recognized the student whose work and performance showed the most promise in health-related fields and demonstrated an understanding of the many social factors that affect health. She designed a water filter (过滤器) by using carbon to remove heavy metals from water.
Rachel Bergey
Rachel won the $10,000 Lemelson Award for Invention, awarded by The Lemelson Foundation to a young inventor creating promising solutions to real-world problems. She developed a trap made of tinfoil (锡纸) and netting for the spotted lanternfly, an invasive species causing damage to trees.
1. What is the purpose of Alaina Gassler’s invention
A. To beautify vehicles. B. To improve the safety of driving.
C. To decorate the sidewalk for the blind. D. To reduce the carbon released from cars.
2. Whose invention is related to human health
A. Alaina Gassler’s. B. Sidor Clare’s.
C. Rachel Bergey’s. D. Alexis MacAvoy’s.
3. What is the Broadcom MASTERS about
A. Art. B. Sport. C. Technology. D. Education.
B
I enjoy throwing stuff away. I’d love to go full minimalism (极简主义) but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it. I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my two favorite games – “Do We Need It ” and “Put It in Its Place”— and made them play every few months. Their enthusiasm never matched mine.
If I’m going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as I’d like. My “discarded” pile is never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful. I consider this unhealthy. I want to be better at moving on.
So, this time I found help—the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Marie Kondo. Kondo’s commitment to her craft is astonishing. Her philosophy is only to keep things you love. Can I go full Kondo I will try. One central idea is to clean by category. You start by collecting all clothes and gathering them together for consideration. It makes you rethink how you organize. Next, hold each item and ask if it brings you joy. This way you’re choosing what to keep. And that’s how I find myself with all my clothes on my bedroom floor. My wife walks by and gives me a look that says I’m nuts. She’s probably not wrong.
Somewhere near the bottom of this chaos is my special jacket. I move through the pile: pants, shirts, suits and shoes. Then my last category: jackets. I haven’t worn it in about 30 years. Somehow, it has survived. Now, has its time come
I hold it in my hand. There is a tear just below the collar that widens as I hold it. It’s literally falling apart. Will I ever wear it again Not a chance. Does it feel good to wear Does it bring me joy Actually, yes. At this moment, my daughter walks in. She asks about the jacket. I tell her the story. She thinks I should keep it. It’s cool and unique and full of memories. She is arguing that nostalgia (怀念) is the very reason.
I’m not entirely convinced by my daughter’s arguments. I believe in looking ahead, not backward. Nevertheless, sometimes it’s hard to let go. So I gently place the jacket on the “keep” pile.
4 What can we learn about the author’s family members from Paragraph1
A. They can’t tolerate what the author insists on.
B. They are less passionate about full minimalism.
C. They are strongly opposed to full minimalism.
D. They completely support what the author does.
5. What does the underlined word “discarded” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A. abandoned B. disposable C. organized D. classified
6. What drives the author to read The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up
A. To learn how to categorize. B. To develop a passion for minimalism.
C. To persuade his family members. D. To improve his tidying skills.
7. What’s the text mainly about
A. The importance of categorizing skills B. The changes brought by minimalism
C. The author’s efforts to go minimalism D. An inspiration got from the book
C
Aeronautics (航空学) specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly’s flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机). Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones based on the dragonfly’s shape and movement will simply be more flexible and energy efficient.
Chahl’s team used a special photography technique to classify the wing shapes of 75 different dragonfly species from museum collections. Their wings are long, light and hard. Plus, their long bodies give them excellent stability and balance, making it possible for winged drones to deliver awkward loads and undertake long observation missions.
Investigating the way that dragonflies remain stable during flight actually reveals the techniques they use to get themselves out of tricky situations. Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside-down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find themselves upside down mid-air. This special skill can even be performed while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept to planes that are designed to glide to safety with their engines turned off. Engineers are looking to copy dragonfly wings to create safer drones that can right themselves.
Of course, not all attempts to build dragonfly-like drones are successful. TechJet’s air vehicle was supposed to operate as an aerial camera, observation and security drone, but it failed before production got underway. Similarly, Insectothopter, an American dragonfly spy drone built in the 1970 s was deserted.
Yet the principles behind winged drones are solid. In fact, NASA has settled on a nuclear-powered autonomous craft called Dragonfly to explore the surface of Saturn’s moon Titan in 2034. NASA’s project is actually an air vehicle, rather than a winged drone, but engineers are still convinced they can crack the code of nature’s most gifted flying insect and revolutionize unmanned flight along the way.
8. Why did aeronautics specialists spend months studying the dragonfly’s flight
A. To build 3D models from digital images.
B. To make winged drones modelled after it.
C. To clarify the flexibility and efficiency of drones.
D. To display the shape and movement of the dragonfly.
9. The special skill of dragonflies is their ability to_________.
A. glide to safety B. avoid tricky situations
C. perform observation tasks D. adjust themselves to stay stable
10. What is the author’s attitude towards winged drones
A. Skeptical. B. Uncertain. C. Supportive. D. Conservative.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Winged Drones: Still a Long Way to Go
B. Javaan Chahl: An Innovative Leader of Aeronautics
C. A Dragonfly’s Flying Technique: Perfect for Drones
D. The Code of Nature: A Solution to NASA’s Space Exploration
D
The idea that the standard human body temperature is about 98.6℉ (37℃) was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator if someone is sick or well.
However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years.
Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm (标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Parsonnet, MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening.
For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct datasets (数据集) from three historical periods. One was military service records, medical records, and pension records from Union Army veterans of the American Civil War that were compiled from 1862 to 1930. The second was from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Ⅰ collected between 1971 and 1975, and the third from adult patients visiting Stanford Health Care from 2007 to 2017.
In all, the team went through 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recorded were accurate rather than the result of poorly designed thermometers (温度计). They did this by looking at the change in temperature inside each group over time to ensure that the curves (曲线) showing a decrease were consistent between the datasets.
At the end of the day, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.59℃ lower than those born in the early 19th century, while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.32℃ compared to those born in the 1890s. Together, this means that human body temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade.
12. What is Wunderlich’s achievement
A. He was the inventor of the thermometer.
B. He set up a standard for normal body temperature.
C. He discovered humans’ body temperature trends.
D. He put forward the theory of normal human body temperature.
13. How did the Stanford team get their findings on body temperature
A. By having interviews. B. By conducting field research.
C. By analyzing historical records. D. By doing experiments in the lab.
14. What could affect the accuracy of Parsonnet’s study according to the text
A. The quality of thermometers. B. The backgrounds of the subjects.
C. The sorting of the collected datasets. D. The number of adult patients involved.
15. What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A Modern women’s body temperatures have risen over the past century.
B. The 19th century saw the greatest increase in men’s body temperatures.
C. The 21st century saw the greatest decrease in men’s body temperatures.
D. Men’s body temperatures have fallen faster than women’s over the years.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to improve critical thinking
Critical thinking is the process of analyzing information to get the best answer to a question or problem. By drawing upon your own experience, reasoning, observation and communication with others,you can make informed decisions that bring positive solutions.___16___
Become more self-aware. Becoming more self-aware means considering your thought process,values,morals,and other beliefs.What do you believe in How do your thoughts reflect these values ___17___Knowing what your personal preferences,strengths/weaknesses and prejudices(偏见)can help you better understand why you approach specific situations from a certain point of view.
___18___Identify and evaluate how you receive and process information. Understanding how you listen,then interpret,and finally react to information is vital to becoming more mentally efficient in the workplace. Taking time to analyze your mental process before making a work decision can help you act more objectively.
Develop foresight. Consider how others might feel about a situation or decision you make. ___19___Having the foresight to predict how your actions at work will produce reactions will help you make the right choice.
Practice active listening. Active listening is a foundational element of effective critical thinking.___20___Be considerate and focus on understanding their point of view. Gaining a full understanding of what they want, need or expect can help you react positively and have a subsequent productive conversation.
A. Evaluate existing evidence.
B. Understand your mental process.
C. Here are several tips you can take to become a critical thinker.
D. It’s vital to think objectively about your likes and dislikes.
E. Listen attentively while coworkers and supervisors are talking.
F. Determine the possible out comes of a situation and what might change.
G. Follow up by asking yourself if something is a fact, an opinion or an idea.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a long trip to Brisbane we stopped into a service station in Kilcoy for a bathroom break and some fuel. We went into the shop to the bathroom first and then the ____21____ to pay. My son was a little eccentric (搞怪的) and life loving, so as he usually did. He was dancing as he walked, twirling (扭动) his hips and ____22____ to his own moves. Since I was totally ____23____ to his moves, it didn’t ____24____ my mind at all until the young gentleman working behind the counter ____25____ his “brilliant dance routine”.
He told my son that he loved his moves and it was a ____26____ to see him come into his shop. My boy felt so ____27____ with himself that he continued to dance around gently as I paid and ____28____ the gentleman for his kind remarks. As we went to leave, the gentleman gave my boy a lollipop (棒棒糖) as a____29____. I was absolutely blown away by his kindness. It might be _____30_____, but to us it wasn’t.
Not many people _____31_____ the time out of their days to talk to children. However, the young gentleman was more than _____32_____ and happy to have a chat. My son felt important and _____33_____ loved his treat. I also personally really appreciated his kind _____34_____. As a parent on a long drive with small kids, it is these small acts that will _____35_____or break our day.
21. A. company B. counter C. apartment D. hall
22. A. tending B. pointing C. singing D. adapting
23. A. used B. addicted C. devoted D. opposed
24. A. clear B. change C. read D. cross
25. A. expanded on B. concentrated on C. commented on D. insisted on
26. A. mistake B. delight C. pity D. comfort
27. A. frustrated B. pleased C. annoyed D. tired
28. A. thanked B. accepted C. invited D. assisted
29. A. prize B. treasure C. treat D. pleasure
30. A. tough B. significant C. typical D. small
31. A. take B. draw C. waste D. use
32. A. outgoing B. willing C. optimistic D. energetic
33. A. hopefully B. slightly C. curiously D. obviously
34. A. gesture B. attitude C. thought D. determination
35. A. help B. build C. make D. ruin
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An animated series featuring monster-like characters, or yao in Chinese, has won praise online___36___adopting traditional Chinese culture and aesthetics (美学) in its animation and storytelling in a way that has resonated (共鸣) with many.
Yao-Chinese Folktales (《中国奇谭》) is___37___eight-part series inspired by various traditional Chinese literature titles and showcases a range of artistic___38___(style) such as paper cutting, watercolor painting, and computer graphics (绘图). The first episode (集)___39___(base) on the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West,with characters preparing to capture a Tang dynasty Buddhist monk.
It is its plot which shows one of the characters being punished after their leader was dissatisfied with their work___40___has resonated with a wide audience,___41___(remind) them of dilemmas and suffering at the workplace.
The new series is part of the growing trend of Chinese animation turning to ancient Chinese legends and folktales for___42___(inspire). Domestically produced animated films featuring classic figures such as Monkey King,Ne Zha,and White Snake___43___(prove) to be big hits in recent years, with the latest release New Gods: Yang Jian amassing (积累) 550 million yuan in ticket sales last year.
Yao-Chinese Folktales was___44___(joint) produced by Shanghai Animated Film Studio and streaming site Bilibili. Since it aired Sunday, the first two episodes____45____(release) so far have gathered over 10 million views and it currently has a score of 9. 6 out of 10 on rating site Douban.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华,你校学生会刚举办了“慈善义卖”(Charity Sale)活动。你的澳大利亚网友David对这个活动很感兴趣,写邮件向你了解基本情况。请你给他回一封邮件,介绍此次活动的有关情况。要点如下:
1.活动目的和内容:
2.你的心得体会
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Two little birds were happily sitting on the rock, just having finished their lunch. Their parents had allowed them, for the first time, to go and hunt for their lunch by themselves. And they had enjoyed every bit of the freedom.
Suddenly, a net came and fell on both. They struggled to pass through it but in vain. Two boys jumped down from the branch above them. They quickly gathered the net. One of the boys, Eric, shouted to his little brother Max. “We have finally succeeded after ten days of waiting.”
“Yes, what luck! They look much more beautiful than ordinary birds. Let’s go home and put them in our cage,” Eric said joyfully. They ran home with the birds.
The two little birds were terribly frightened. They thought of their mother who must be anxiously waiting for them.
When the two boys got to the house gate, the sweet smell came out of the kitchen. Their mother Amla was baking cakes, which were what the boys couldn’t live without.
Hearing the boys’ footsteps, Amla anxiously asked, “Where have you been I was getting worried. I’m cooking your favorite cakes.”
“Look, Mom, we have caught two beautiful birds! We are going to cage them. They will play with us.” Max proudly showed them to Amla.
Seeing the young birds shivering (发抖) in the boys’ hands, Amla said, “They are indeed beautiful. But they are so young and look so scared! They need their mother. Set them free.”
The boys said, “We will look after them.” Amla insisted that they shouldn’t keep them. They turned to their father John for help. Similarly,” John said, “It is not good to cage these birds. We should not take away their freedom.”
The boys were in tears and begged, “We love them so much. Please let us keep then.” “Well, just put them in the cage for the time being. Let’s enjoy your favorite cakes.” The boys jumped with joy. In the evening, John said to Amla, “The birds look very rare. We’d better do some research. Maybe we should call the police first.”
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
The boys woke up only to find a note, “Mom and Dad go to the police station.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Just then Dad and Mom returned. On seeing them, the boys asked, “Why did you see the police ”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高三总复习双向达标月考调研卷
英语(四)
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. How much will the man pay
A. $25. B. $60. C. $90.
2. What will the weather be like in the afternoon
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Foggy.
3. Why does the woman look anxious
A. She can’t see a movie.
B. She’ll have a test next Monday.
C. She has trouble with her paper.
4. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a pet shop. B. In a restaurant. C. In a grocery store.
5. What is the conversation mainly about
A. Where to go. B. What movie to see. C. When to meet.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What did Lisa do on Saturday afternoon
A. She went to the gym.
B. She did a part-time job.
C. She did some shopping.
7. What will the man probably do next
A. Clean his room. B. Take some exercise. C. Prepare for the exam.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8. How does the woman feel about math now
A. Interested. B. Anxious. C. Unconcerned.
9. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A subject. B. A student. C. A teacher.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10 What does the man tell the woman
A. Check-out time. B. The bill. C. His bad dream.
11. What time is it now
A.11:30 a. m. B.2:00 p. m. C.6:00 p. m.
12. How does the man sound
A. Tired. B. Grateful. C. Understanding.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13. What probably is the woman
A. A bank clerk. B. A salesperson. C. A consultant.
14. Why does the man need an account
A. To save more money.
B. To prepare for a tour.
C. To exchange some cash.
15. What is the spending limit of the man’s last credit card
A. $2,000. B.$2,500. C. $5,000.
16. What will the man do within one week
A. Start a business. B. Go on a trip. C. Receive a credit card.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. Who does the speaker probably speak to
A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents.
18. What kind of bags does the speaker suggest using
A. Paper bags. B. Plastic bags. C. Reusable bags.
19. What is the speaker’s second suggestion
A. Unplugging the devices.
B Using energy-saving devices.
C. Standing beside the devices.
20. Why does the speaker make the speech
A. To call for people to take action.
B. To correct some wrong ideas.
C. To discuss different habits in life.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C和D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Winners of the Broadcom MASTERS
Girls took the top prizes at the Broadcom MASTERS, a science competition for middle school students.
Alaina Gassler
Alaina won the $25,000 Samueli Foundation Prize for the project of reducing blind spots in cars. She was inspired to solve this issue by her mother who didn’t like driving her vehicle because its large A-pillar (A柱) design made her feel in danger. “I started to think about how blind spots were a huge problem in all cars,” said Alaina. So she worked on and solved it.
Sidor Clare
Sidor won the $10,000 Marconi/Samueli Award for Innovation, an honor made by Samueli’s generous donation of his 2012 Marconi Society Prize Award. She developed bricks that could one day be made on Mars, so that humans wouldn’t be required to carry building materials with them in order to build there.
Alexis MacAvoy
Alexis won the $10,000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health Advancement, which recognized the student whose work and performance showed the most promise in health-related fields and demonstrated an understanding of the many social factors that affect health. She designed a water filter (过滤器) by using carbon to remove heavy metals from water.
Rachel Bergey
Rachel won the $10,000 Lemelson Award for Invention, awarded by The Lemelson Foundation to a young inventor creating promising solutions to real-world problems. She developed a trap made of tinfoil (锡纸) and netting for the spotted lanternfly, an invasive species causing damage to trees.
1. What is the purpose of Alaina Gassler’s invention
A. To beautify vehicles. B. To improve the safety of driving.
C. To decorate the sidewalk for the blind. D. To reduce the carbon released from cars.
2. Whose invention is related to human health
A. Alaina Gassler’s. B. Sidor Clare’s.
C. Rachel Bergey’s. D. Alexis MacAvoy’s.
3. What is the Broadcom MASTERS about
A. Art. B. Sport. C. Technology. D. Education.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个学生的发明以及各自的特点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“She was inspired to solve this issue by her mother who didn’t like driving her vehicle because its large A-pillar(A柱) design made her feel in danger. “I started to think about how blind spots were a huge problem in all cars,” said Alaina.(她的母亲不喜欢驾驶她的车,因为它的大A柱设计让她感到危险,这给了她解决这个问题的灵感。阿莱娜说:“我开始思考盲点是所有汽车的一个大问题。”)”可知,阿莱娜·加斯勒发明的目的是提高驾驶安全。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Alexis won the $10,000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health Advancement, which recognized the student whose work and performance showed the most promise in health-related fields and demonstrated an understanding of the many social factors that affect health.(亚历克西斯获得了1万美元的罗伯特伍德约翰逊基金会健康促进奖,该奖项表彰了在健康相关领域的工作和表现最有希望的学生,并展示了对影响健康的许多社会因素的理解)”可知,Alexis MacAvoy的发明与人类健康有关。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Girls took the top prizes at the Broadcom MASTERS, a science competition for middle school students.(女孩们在面向中学生的科学竞赛Broadcom MASTERS中获得了最高奖项)”可知,Broadcom MASTERS主要关于科技。故选C。
B
I enjoy throwing stuff away. I’d love to go full minimalism (极简主义), but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it. I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my two favorite games – “Do We Need It ” and “Put It in Its Place”— and made them play every few months. Their enthusiasm never matched mine.
If I’m going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as I’d like. My “discarded” pile is never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful. I consider this unhealthy. I want to be better at moving on.
So, this time I found help—the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Marie Kondo. Kondo’s commitment to her craft is astonishing. Her philosophy is only to keep things you love. Can I go full Kondo I will try. One central idea is to clean by category. You start by collecting all clothes and gathering them together for consideration. It makes you rethink how you organize. Next, hold each item and ask if it brings you joy. This way you’re choosing what to keep. And that’s how I find myself with all my clothes on my bedroom floor. My wife walks by and gives me a look that says I’m nuts. She’s probably not wrong.
Somewhere near the bottom of this chaos is my special jacket. I move through the pile: pants, shirts, suits and shoes. Then my last category: jackets. I haven’t worn it in about 30 years. Somehow, it has survived. Now, has its time come
I hold it in my hand. There is a tear just below the collar that widens as I hold it. It’s literally falling apart. Will I ever wear it again Not a chance. Does it feel good to wear Does it bring me joy Actually, yes. At this moment, my daughter walks in. She asks about the jacket. I tell her the story. She thinks I should keep it. It’s cool and unique and full of memories. She is arguing that nostalgia (怀念) is the very reason.
I’m not entirely convinced by my daughter’s arguments. I believe in looking ahead, not backward. Nevertheless, sometimes it’s hard to let go. So I gently place the jacket on the “keep” pile.
4. What can we learn about the author’s family members from Paragraph1
A. They can’t tolerate what the author insists on.
B. They are less passionate about full minimalism.
C. They are strongly opposed to full minimalism.
D. They completely support what the author does.
5. What does the underlined word “discarded” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A. abandoned B. disposable C. organized D. classified
6. What drives the author to read The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up
A. To learn how to categorize. B. To develop a passion for minimalism.
C. To persuade his family members. D. To improve his tidying skills.
7. What’s the text mainly about
A. The importance of categorizing skills B. The changes brought by minimalism
C. The author’s efforts to go minimalism D. An inspiration got from the book
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文中作者喜欢完全的极简主义风格,但家人并不支持他,为了提高整理技巧,作者去读了《改变生活的整理魔法》。在整理满地的衣服时,作者发现了难以舍弃的夹克衫,又把它放在了“保留”堆里。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“I enjoy throwing stuff away. I’d love to go full minimalism (极简主义), but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it.(我喜欢扔掉东西。我喜欢完全简约主义,但我妻子和两个十几岁的孩子不同意我对几乎什么都没有的房子的梦想。)”和“Their enthusiasm never matched mine.(他们的热情永远比不上我的。)”可以推知,作者的家人对完全的极简主义不那么热衷。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“never quite the trash mountain I want(从来都不是我想要的垃圾山)”可知,垃圾是作者所丢掉的东西,因此故划线词discarded是“丢弃”的意思,和abandoned意思相近,故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I want to be better at moving on.(我想更好地向前走。)”以及第三段“So, this time I found help—the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Marie Kondo. Kondo’s commitment to her craft is astonishing. Her philosophy is only to keep things you love.(所以,这次我找到了帮助——适合像我这样的人的经典书籍:Marie Kondo的《改变生活的整理魔法》。Kondo对她的手艺的投入是惊人的。她的哲学是只保留你喜欢的东西。)”可知,提高他的整理技巧是驱使作者去读《改变生活的整理魔法》的原因。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第一段的“I enjoy throwing stuff away. I’d love to go full minimalism (极简主义)(我喜欢扔掉东西。我喜欢极简主义风格)”,第二段“If I’m going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as I’d like. My “discarded” pile is never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful. I consider this unhealthy. I want to be better at moving on.(如果我要诚实地说,我自己的整理能力并没有我想的那么好。我的“废弃”堆从来都不是我想要的垃圾山,因为我总是为这些东西有用找借口。我认为这是不健康的。我想更好地向前看。)”和第三段“So, this time I found help—the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Marie Kondo.(所以,这次我找到了帮助——适合像我这样的人的经典书籍:Marie Kondo的《改变生活的整理魔法》。)”可知,本文主要讲的是作者一直坚持极简主义风格,并且努力提升自己整理的能力,因此本文的主旨是C选项“The author’s efforts to go minimalism(作者努力走向极简主义)”,故选C。
C
Aeronautics (航空学) specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly’s flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机). Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones based on the dragonfly’s shape and movement will simply be more flexible and energy efficient.
Chahl’s team used a special photography technique to classify the wing shapes of 75 different dragonfly species from museum collections. Their wings are long, light and hard. Plus, their long bodies give them excellent stability and balance, making it possible for winged drones to deliver awkward loads and undertake long observation missions.
Investigating the way that dragonflies remain stable during flight actually reveals the techniques they use to get themselves out of tricky situations. Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside-down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find themselves upside down mid-air. This special skill can even be performed while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept to planes that are designed to glide to safety with their engines turned off. Engineers are looking to copy dragonfly wings to create safer drones that can right themselves.
Of course, not all attempts to build dragonfly-like drones are successful. TechJet’s air vehicle was supposed to operate as an aerial camera, observation and security drone, but it failed before production got underway. Similarly, Insectothopter, an American dragonfly spy drone built in the 1970 s was deserted.
Yet the principles behind winged drones are solid. In fact, NASA has settled on a nuclear-powered autonomous craft called Dragonfly to explore the surface of Saturn’s moon Titan in 2034. NASA’s project is actually an air vehicle, rather than a winged drone, but engineers are still convinced they can crack the code of nature’s most gifted flying insect and revolutionize unmanned flight along the way.
8. Why did aeronautics specialists spend months studying the dragonfly’s flight
A. To build 3D models from digital images.
B. To make winged drones modelled after it.
C. To clarify the flexibility and efficiency of drones.
D. To display the shape and movement of the dragonfly.
9. The special skill of dragonflies is their ability to_________.
A. glide to safety B. avoid tricky situations
C. perform observation tasks D. adjust themselves to stay stable
10. What is the author’s attitude towards winged drones
A. Skeptical. B. Uncertain. C. Supportive. D. Conservative.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Winged Drones: Still a Long Way to Go
B. Javaan Chahl: An Innovative Leader of Aeronautics
C. A Dragonfly’s Flying Technique: Perfect for Drones
D. The Code of Nature: A Solution to NASA’s Space Exploration
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行,从数字图像创建3D模型,以建造一架有翼无人机。文章介绍了蜻蜓特殊的飞行技能以及人们对类似蜻蜓的无人机的尝试。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Aeronautics (航空学) specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly’s flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机).( 南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行,从数字图像创建3D模型,以建造一架有翼无人机)”可知,航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行是为了仿照它制作有翼无人机。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside-down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find themselves upside down mid-air. This special skill can even be performed while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept to planes that are designed to glide to safety with their engines turned off.(人们发现,当蜻蜓发现自己在半空中倒立时,它们能够进行倒立后空翻以恢复平衡和正常飞行。这种特殊技能甚至可以在蜻蜓无意识的情况下进行,这意味着它是一种被动稳定机制,在概念上类似于飞机在关闭引擎的情况下滑翔到安全地带)”可知,蜻蜓的特殊技能是它们调整自己以保持稳定的能力。故选D。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Yet the principles behind winged drones are solid.(然而,有翼无人机背后的原理是可靠的)”以及“NASA’s project is actually an air vehicle, rather than a winged drone, but engineers are still convinced they can crack the code of nature’s most gifted flying insect and revolutionize unmanned flight along the way.(美国宇航局的项目实际上是一种飞行器,而不是有翼无人机,但工程师们仍然相信他们可以破解自然界最具天赋的飞行昆虫的密码,并在此过程中彻底改变无人飞行)”可推知,作者对有翼无人机的态度是支持的。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Aeronautics (航空学) specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly’s flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机). Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones based on the dragonfly’s shape and movement will simply be more flexible and energy efficient. (南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行,从数字图像创建3D模型,以建造一架有翼无人机。研究负责人Javaan Chahl认为,基于蜻蜓形状和运动的带翼无人机将更加灵活和节能)”结合文章介绍了蜻蜓特殊的飞行技能以及人们对类似蜻蜓的无人机的尝试。可知,C选项“蜻蜓的飞行技术:无人机的完美选择”最符合文章标题。故选C。
D
The idea that the standard human body temperature is about 98.6℉ (37℃) was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator if someone is sick or well.
However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years.
Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm (标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Parsonnet, MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening.
For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct datasets (数据集) from three historical periods. One was military service records, medical records, and pension records from Union Army veterans of the American Civil War that were compiled from 1862 to 1930. The second was from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Ⅰ collected between 1971 and 1975, and the third from adult patients visiting Stanford Health Care from 2007 to 2017.
In all, the team went through 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recorded were accurate rather than the result of poorly designed thermometers (温度计). They did this by looking at the change in temperature inside each group over time to ensure that the curves (曲线) showing a decrease were consistent between the datasets.
At the end of the day, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.59℃ lower than those born in the early 19th century, while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.32℃ compared to those born in the 1890s. Together, this means that human body temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade.
12. What is Wunderlich’s achievement
A. He was the inventor of the thermometer.
B. He set up a standard for normal body temperature.
C. He discovered humans’ body temperature trends.
D. He put forward the theory of normal human body temperature.
13. How did the Stanford team get their findings on body temperature
A. By having interviews. B. By conducting field research.
C. By analyzing historical records. D. By doing experiments in the lab.
14. What could affect the accuracy of Parsonnet’s study according to the text
A. The quality of thermometers. B. The backgrounds of the subjects.
C. The sorting of the collected datasets. D. The number of adult patients involved.
15. What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A. Modern women’s body temperatures have risen over the past century.
B. The 19th century saw the greatest increase in men’s body temperatures.
C. The 21st century saw the greatest decrease in men’s body temperatures.
D. Men’s body temperatures have fallen faster than women’s over the years.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科研人员经过研究发现,自19世纪以来,人类的平均体温在持续下降,人类每十年时间平均体温就会下降0.03℃。传统意义上的37℃的标准体温已经不适用于所有人。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The idea that the standard human body temperature is about 98.6℉(37℃)was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator if someone is sick or well. (1851年,德国医生Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich首先提出了人体标准温度约为华氏98.6度(37℃)的观点。从那时起,它被广泛接受,成为健康的试金石——医生和家长使用的诊断工具,作为一个人生病或健康的基本指标。)”可知,Wunderlich确立了现代人类健康体温的标准为37摄氏度。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct datasets (数据集) from three historical periods. (在他们的研究中,斯坦福大学的研究小组研究了来自三个历史时期的三个不同的数据集。)”可知,这个研究小组主要是靠搜集并分析过去三个历史时期的群体体温数据集来进行相关研究的。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“In all, the team went through 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recorded were accurate rather than the result of poorly designed thermometers (温度计). (该团队总共进行了677,423次温度测量,以确保记录的温度是准确的,而不是设计不良的温度计的结果。)”可知,体温监测时所使用的体温计的质量可能会影响到团队的研究结果。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“At the end of the day, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.59℃ lower than those born in the early 19th century, while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.32℃ compared to those born in the 1890s. Together, this means that human body temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade. (最后,研究小组发现,21世纪出生的男性的平均体温比19世纪初出生的男性低0.59℃,而现代女性的平均体温比19世纪90年代出生的女性低0.32℃。加起来,这意味着人类体温每十年下降0.03℃。)”可知,研究表明,在过去的一个多世纪中,男子体温降低要比女子的体温降低幅度大。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to improve critical thinking
Critical thinking is the process of analyzing information to get the best answer to a question or problem. By drawing upon your own experience, reasoning, observation and communication with others,you can make informed decisions that bring positive solutions.___16___
Become more self-aware. Becoming more self-aware means considering your thought process,values,morals,and other beliefs.What do you believe in How do your thoughts reflect these values ___17___Knowing what your personal preferences,strengths/weaknesses and prejudices(偏见)can help you better understand why you approach specific situations from a certain point of view.
___18___Identify and evaluate how you receive and process information. Understanding how you listen,then interpret,and finally react to information is vital to becoming more mentally efficient in the workplace. Taking time to analyze your mental process before making a work decision can help you act more objectively.
Develop foresight. Consider how others might feel about a situation or decision you make. ___19___Having the foresight to predict how your actions at work will produce reactions will help you make the right choice.
Practice active listening. Active listening is a foundational element of effective critical thinking.___20___Be considerate and focus on understanding their point of view. Gaining a full understanding of what they want, need or expect can help you react positively and have a subsequent productive conversation.
A. Evaluate existing evidence.
B. Understand your mental process.
C. Here are several tips you can take to become a critical thinker.
D. It’s vital to think objectively about your likes and dislikes.
E. Listen attentively while coworkers and supervisors are talking.
F. Determine the possible out comes of a situation and what might change.
G. Follow up by asking yourself if something is a fact, an opinion or an idea.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了在工作中如何利用批判性思维让自己成为出色的思考者。
【详解】1.根据空前“Critical thinking is the process of analyzing information to get the best answer to a question or problem. By drawing upon your own experience, reasoning, observation and communication with others,you can make informed decisions that bring positive solutions(批判性思维是分析信息以得到问题的最佳答案的过程。通过利用自己的经验、推理、观察和与他人的交流,你可以做出明智的决定,带来积极的解决方案)”介绍了批判性思维,以及文章结构可知,第二段到第五段讲述几个技巧帮助你成为一个有判断力的思考者。C选项“Here are several tips you can take to become a critical thinker.(这里有几个小贴士可以帮助你成为一个批判性思考者。)”起到了承上启下的作用。故选C。
2.根据空后的“Knowing what your personal preferences, strengths/weaknesses and prejudices(偏见)can help you better understand why you approach specific situations from a certain point of view.(了解你的个人喜好、优点/缺点和偏见可以帮助你更好地理解为什么你要从某个角度处理特定的情况。)”可知,本段主要讲述要客观看待自己的喜好,与D选项中的“likes and dislikes”意义一致,都是讲述喜好的。D项“It’s vital to think objectively about your likes and dislikes.(客观地看待自己的好恶是很重要的。)”符合语境,故选D。
3.空处是段首,是对本段内容的概括,是本段中心句。根据后文“Identify and evaluate how you receive and process information. Understanding how you listen, then interpret, and finally react to information is vital to becoming more mentally efficient in the workplace. (确定和评估你如何接收和处理信息。了解你如何倾听,然后解释,最后对信息做出反应,对于提高工作场所的精神效率至关重要。)”可知,本段都在讲述精神分析过程。以及“becoming more mentally efficient”与B选项中的“mental process”意思相同,都是讲述心理的过程。可知,B项“Understand your mental process.(了解你的心理过程。)”符合语境。故选B。
4. 根据本段中心句“Develop foresight.(培养远见。)”和空前“Consider how others might feel about a situation or decision you make.(考虑一下别人对你的处境或你所做的决定会有什么感觉。)”可知,我们需要预先确定一个情况会出现的结果,或者产生什么变化。F选项“Determine the possible out comes of a situation and what might change.(判断一种情况的可能结果和可能发生的变化。)”与上文语意衔接,并且符合本段主旨“Develop foresight.”。故选F。
5. 根据本段首句“Practice active listening.(练习积极倾听。)”以及设空上句中“Practice active listening. Active listening is a foundational element of effective critical thinking.(积极倾听是有效批判性思维的基本要素。)”可知,本段建议是练习积极倾听,E选项“Listen attentively while coworkers and supervisors are talking.(当同事和主管谈话时,注意倾听。)”符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a long trip to Brisbane we stopped into a service station in Kilcoy for a bathroom break and some fuel. We went into the shop to the bathroom first and then the ____21____ to pay. My son was a little eccentric (搞怪的) and life loving, so as he usually did. He was dancing as he walked, twirling (扭动) his hips and ____22____ to his own moves. Since I was totally ____23____ to his moves, it didn’t ____24____ my mind at all until the young gentleman working behind the counter ____25____ his “brilliant dance routine”.
He told my son that he loved his moves and it was a ____26____ to see him come into his shop. My boy felt so ____27____ with himself that he continued to dance around gently as I paid and ____28____ the gentleman for his kind remarks. As we went to leave, the gentleman gave my boy a lollipop (棒棒糖) as a____29____. I was absolutely blown away by his kindness. It might be _____30_____, but to us it wasn’t.
Not many people _____31_____ the time out of their days to talk to children. However, the young gentleman was more than _____32_____ and happy to have a chat. My son felt important and _____33_____ loved his treat. I also personally really appreciated his kind _____34_____. As a parent on a long drive with small kids, it is these small acts that will _____35_____or break our day.
21. A. company B. counter C. apartment D. hall
22. A. tending B. pointing C. singing D. adapting
23. A. used B. addicted C. devoted D. opposed
24. A. clear B. change C. read D. cross
25. A. expanded on B. concentrated on C. commented on D. insisted on
26. A. mistake B. delight C. pity D. comfort
27. A. frustrated B. pleased C. annoyed D. tired
28. A. thanked B. accepted C. invited D. assisted
29. A. prize B. treasure C. treat D. pleasure
30. A. tough B. significant C. typical D. small
31. A. take B. draw C. waste D. use
32. A. outgoing B. willing C. optimistic D. energetic
33. A. hopefully B. slightly C. curiously D. obviously
34. A. gesture B. attitude C. thought D. determination
35. A. help B. build C. make D. ruin
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了作者一家在旅行途中的服务站结账时,作者儿子看似搞怪的舞步得到一位陌生小伙的赞许,因而作者心存感谢的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们先进商店去洗手间,然后到柜台付款。A. company公司;B. counter柜台;C. apartment公寓;D. hall大厅。由上文的“On a long trip to Brisbane we stopped into a service station in Kilcoy for a bathroom break and some fuel.”可知,作者一家去服务站上洗手间以及加油,支付费用应该去了柜台。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他一边走一边跳舞,扭动着臀部,随着自己的动作唱歌。A. tending倾向;B. pointing指向;C. singing唱歌;D. adapting适应。由上文的“He was dancing as he walked, twirling (扭动) his hips”可知,作者儿子当时应该是一遍迈着舞步,一遍随着舞步哼唱,singing to 意为“随着……歌唱”,符合语境。tending to 意为“照料;倾向于”,pointing to 意为“指向……”,adapting to 意为“适应”。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作,直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时,我才意识到这一点。A. used用过的、习惯于;B. addicted上瘾的;C. devoted忠诚的;D. opposed强烈反对的。由上文的“so as he usually did. He was dancing as he walked”可知,作者已完全习惯了儿子手舞足蹈歌唱的模样,be used to意为“习惯了……”,符合语境。be addicted to 意为“对……上瘾的”,be devoted to意为“献身于……”,be opposed to 意为“反对……”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作,直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时,我才意识到这一点。A. clear清理;B. change改变;C. read阅读;D. cross穿越。由上文的“Since I was totally ____3____ to his moves”可知,作者压根没想过儿子的舞步有多么好,cross one’s mind 意为“脑海中闪过……念头”,直到听到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士对儿子舞步的评论,作者才脑海中闪过儿子舞步好的念头。clear one’s mind 意为“使头脑清醒”,change one’s mind 意为“改变主意”,read one’s mind 意为“理解某人的想法”。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作,直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时,我才意识到这一点。A. expanded on详谈;B. concentrated on专心于;C. commented on评价;D. insisted on坚持。由下文的“brilliant dance routine”和“He told my son that he loved his moves”可知,一位小伙子对作者儿子的舞姿做出了评价,呼应下文“his kind remarks”。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他告诉我的儿子,他喜欢他的动作,看到他走进他的商店是一件很高兴的事。A. mistake错误;B. delight高兴;C. pity可怜;D. comfort安慰。由上文的“He told my son that he loved his moves”可知,小伙子对作者儿子的舞蹈动作非常喜欢,见到他很高兴。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我的儿子对自己感到非常满意,于是在我付钱并感谢这位先生的好评论时,他继续轻轻地跳舞。A. frustrated沮丧的;B. pleased满意的;C. annoyed恼怒的;D. tired疲倦的。由上下文可知,作者儿子听了小伙子的赞美后,对自己非常满意,并继续跳着舞,be pleased with 意为“对……满意”,符合语境。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的儿子对自己感到非常满意,于是在我付钱并感谢这位先生的好评论时,他继续轻轻地跳舞。A. thanked感谢;B. accepted接受;C. invited邀请;D. assisted帮助。由上文可知,作者一边付钱一边感谢小伙子所说的话(对儿子舞步的赞美之词)。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我们离开时,这位先生给了我儿子一根棒棒糖作为款待。A. prize奖品;B. treasure宝藏;C. treat款待、请客;D. pleasure高兴。由上文的“the gentleman gave my boy a lollipop (棒棒糖)”可知,小伙子请作者儿子吃了个棒棒糖。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:它可能很小,但对我们来说并不小。A. tough艰难的;B. significant重要的;C. typical典型的;D. small小的。由上文的“the gentleman gave my boy a lollipop (棒棒糖)”可知,小伙子请作者儿子吃了个棒棒糖,小伙子的善良可能很微小,但在我们看来确是极有分量的。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:没有多少人抽出时间和孩子们交谈。A. take拿;B. draw画;C. waste浪费;D. use使用。由上下文可知,作者认为很少人愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话。take the time意为“花费时间”,符合语境。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,这位年轻的绅士非常愿意和高兴地聊一聊。A. outgoing外向的;B. willing愿意的;C. optimistic积极的;D. energetic精力充沛的。由上文的“Not many people ____11____ the time out of their days to talk to children.”讲没有多少人抽出时间和孩子们交谈和表转折的“However”可知,很少人愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话,而这位年轻小伙愿意和孩子聊天。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:我儿子觉得自己被看重,显然很喜欢他的款待。A. hopefully有希望地;B. slightly轻微地;C. curiously好奇地;D. obviously明显地。由上文的“My son felt important”可知,孩子很显然对这位年轻小伙请客很受用,很喜欢。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我个人也非常欣赏他的友好姿态。A. gesture姿态;B. attitude态度;C. thought想法;D. determination决心。由上文可知,作者对这位年轻小伙善意的举动很感激,kind gesture 意为“善意的举动”呼应上文的“his kindness”。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为一个带着孩子长途旅行的家长,正是这些小小的举动既可以让一天过得愉快,也可以让这一天过得糟糕。A. help帮助;B. build建立;C. make使得;D. ruin破坏。由全文及文章最后一句可知,对一位带着孩子进行长途旅行的家长来说,小小的行为既可以让一天过得愉快,也可以让这一天过得糟糕。make one’s day 意为“使……过得开心”,符合语境。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An animated series featuring monster-like characters, or yao in Chinese, has won praise online___36___adopting traditional Chinese culture and aesthetics (美学) in its animation and storytelling in a way that has resonated (共鸣) with many.
Yao-Chinese Folktales (《中国奇谭》) is___37___eight-part series inspired by various traditional Chinese literature titles and showcases a range of artistic___38___(style) such as paper cutting, watercolor painting, and computer graphics (绘图). The first episode (集)___39___(base) on the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West,with characters preparing to capture a Tang dynasty Buddhist monk.
It is its plot which shows one of the characters being punished after their leader was dissatisfied with their work___40___has resonated with a wide audience,___41___(remind) them of dilemmas and suffering at the workplace.
The new series is part of the growing trend of Chinese animation turning to ancient Chinese legends and folktales for___42___(inspire). Domestically produced animated films featuring classic figures such as Monkey King,Ne Zha,and White Snake___43___(prove) to be big hits in recent years, with the latest release New Gods: Yang Jian amassing (积累) 550 million yuan in ticket sales last year.
Yao-Chinese Folktales was___44___(joint) produced by Shanghai Animated Film Studio and streaming site Bilibili. Since it aired Sunday, the first two episodes____45____(release) so far have gathered over 10 million views and it currently has a score of 9. 6 out of 10 on rating site Douban.
【答案】36. for
37. an 38. styles
39. is based
40. that 41. reminding
42. inspiration
43. have proved
44. jointly
45. released
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了由上海电影制片厂和哗哩哗哩联合出品的中式奇幻动画短片《中国奇谭》,刚播出几集,就让网友沸腾了。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意:一部以怪物为主角的动画系列在网上赢得了赞誉,因为它在动画和叙事中采用了中国传统文化和美学,引起了许多人的共鸣。分析句子结构可知,此空缺少介词,在句中作原因状语,根据句意可知此处表示“因……获得赞誉”,故填for。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意:《中国奇谭》由八集组成,灵感来自各种中国传统文学作品,展示了剪纸、水彩画和计算机绘图等一系列艺术风格。分析句子结构可知,此空修饰下文的“series”,“series”是一个单复数同形的词,根据句意可知,在本句中表示单数。空后的“eight-part”为元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an,故填an。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。根据句意可知,“style”在本句中为可数名词,表示“风格”,空前的“a range of”修饰可数名词复数,故填styles。
【39题详解】
考查动词的时态语态。句意:第一集根据中国经典小说《西游记》改编,讲述了剧中人物准备抓捕唐僧的故事。分析句子结构可知,此空在句中作谓语,和主语之间是被动关系,“be based on”为固定短语,意为“根据”,主语为单数形式,故填is based。
【40题详解】
考查强调句。句意:这个故事讲述了其中一个角色,在领导对他们的工作不满后受到惩罚,正是这一情节引起了观众的广泛共鸣,使他们想起了在工作场所的困境和痛苦。分析句子结构可知,此句是强调句型,缺少连词,故填that。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,此空在句中作伴随状语,和句子主语之间构成了逻辑上的主动关系,故填reminding。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意:这部新剧是越来越多的中国动画从中国古代传说和民间故事中寻找灵感的一部分。分析句子结构可知,此空在句中作宾语,应使用名词形式,故填inspiration。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:近年来,以《孙悟空》《哪吒》《白蛇传》等经典人物为主角的国产动画电影大受欢迎,最新上映的《新神榜:杨戳》去年票房收入达5.5亿元。分析句子结构可知,此空在句中作谓语,“prove to be”为固定搭配,意为“证明是”,根据下文的时间状语“in recent years”可知,谓语应使用现在完成时,主语“films”为复数形式,故填have proved。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意:《中国奇谭》由上海动画电影制片厂和流媒体网站哗哩哗哩联合制作。分析句子结构可知,此空在句中作状语修饰谓语动词,故填jointly。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:自周日播出以来,到目前为止,前两集的播放量已超过1000万次,目前在豆瓣评分网站上的评分为9.6分(满分10分)。分析句子结构可知,此空在句中作定语,修饰上文的主语“the first two episodes”,和主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故填released。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华,你校学生会刚举办了“慈善义卖”(Charity Sale)活动。你的澳大利亚网友David对这个活动很感兴趣,写邮件向你了解基本情况。请你给他回一封邮件,介绍此次活动的有关情况。要点如下:
1.活动目的和内容:
2.你的心得体会
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
Hearing that you are interested in the Charity Sale held by the Student Union of our school last weekends, I’m writing to get you informed about it.
The Charity Sale, with the aim of giving love to children in poor mountainous areas, was a huge success. We prepared mangy things which we made by hand in our spare time, such as kites, model planes and so on, which looked very beautiful and attracted a lot of attentions. Many students and teachers came to take part in it. It went well, and the results were worth the effort. We made over 2000 yuan in the end. We used the money to buy some learning and sports goods, and then mailed them to children in need.
I had a wonderful experience. I’m proud of what we have done. If everyone makes a contribution to the charity, the world will be much better.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给澳大利亚网友David写封信,介绍校学生会刚举办的“慈善义卖”活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目的:aim→purpose
吸引:attract→appeal to
参与:take part in→participate in
购买:buy→purchase
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:The Charity Sale, with the aim of giving love to children in poor mountainous areas, was a huge success.
拓展句:The Charity Sale, which was aimed at giving love to children in poor mountainous areas, was a huge success.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We prepared mangy things which we made by hand in our spare time, such as kites, model planes and so on, which looked very beautiful and attracted a lot of attentions.(运用了which引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】If everyone makes a contribution to the charity, the world will be much better.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Two little birds were happily sitting on the rock, just having finished their lunch. Their parents had allowed them, for the first time, to go and hunt for their lunch by themselves. And they had enjoyed every bit of the freedom.
Suddenly, a net came and fell on both. They struggled to pass through it but in vain. Two boys jumped down from the branch above them. They quickly gathered the net. One of the boys, Eric, shouted to his little brother Max. “We have finally succeeded after ten days of waiting.”
“Yes what luck! They look much more beautiful than ordinary birds. Let’s go home and put them in our cage,” Eric said joyfully. They ran home with the birds.
The two little birds were terribly frightened. They thought of their mother who must be anxiously waiting for them.
When the two boys got to the house gate, the sweet smell came out of the kitchen. Their mother Amla was baking cakes, which were what the boys couldn’t live without.
Hearing the boys’ footsteps, Amla anxiously asked, “Where have you been I was getting worried. I’m cooking your favorite cakes.”
“Look, Mom, we have caught two beautiful birds! We are going to cage them. They will play with us.” Max proudly showed them to Amla.
Seeing the young birds shivering (发抖) in the boys’ hands, Amla said, “They are indeed beautiful. But they are so young and look so scared! They need their mother. Set them free.”
The boys said, “We will look after them.” Amla insisted that they shouldn’t keep them. They turned to their father John for help. Similarly,” John said, “It is not good to cage these birds. We should not take away their freedom.”
The boys were in tears and begged, “We love them so much. Please let us keep then.” “Well, just put them in the cage for the time being. Let’s enjoy your favorite cakes.” The boys jumped with joy. In the evening, John said to Amla, “The birds look very rare. We’d better do some research. Maybe we should call the police first.”
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
The boys woke up only to find a note, “Mom and Dad go to the police station.”
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Just then Dad and Mom returned. On seeing them, the boys asked, “Why did you see the police ”
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【答案】The boys woke up only to find a note, “Mom and Dad go to the police station.” The two boys grew anxious. Max started crying, “Are Dad and Mom safe ” Eric tried to comfort Max by asking his brother to play with the birds. They fed the birds, which refused to eat, looking unhappy. How they wished their parents were at home! It was lunch time. Max and Eric were very hungry, but their parents didn’t show up. They missed their Mom and Mom’s cakes so much that they realized they couldn’t live without Mom.
Just then Dad and Mom returned. On seeing them, the boys asked, “Why did you see the police ” John said, “We told them about the birds. They got in touch with a bird expert, who said the birds you cage are of a rare species. The best place for them is the nature. Besides, the little ones need to be with their parents.” Feeling ashamed, the boys said, “We understand now. It is not right to cage the small birds and make them stay away from home. We’ll set them free. But, Mom, will you bake us cakes first We are so hungry!” “Sure!” Mom hugged them lovingly.
【解析】
【导语】本文是以人物为线索展开,主要描述淘气的兄弟两人捕捉了两只漂亮的小鸟,想把小鸟放进笼子里,虽然爸爸妈妈劝说让他们放掉小鸟,但是孩子们不同意,吃蛋糕时,爸爸妈妈发现小鸟们很罕见打算做一些调查,并报警的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“男孩们醒来时发现一张纸条,上面写着:‘爸爸妈妈去警察局。’”可知,第一段可描写兄弟两个看到父母的留言条,一系列心理变化,以及喂小鸟,小鸟也不开心的情景。
②由第二段首句内容“就在这时,爸爸和妈妈回来了。看到他们,男孩们问:‘你为什么去见警察?’”可知,第二段可描写爸爸给孩子们解释这是珍稀鸟类,要还它们自由,并得到孩子的同意的过程。
2.续写线索:焦虑——喂鸟——小鸟拒绝饮食——想念父母——解释专家的描述——答应放小鸟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①变得:become/turn/get
②意识:realize/be aware of/be conscious of
③决定:decide/determine
情绪类
①不高兴的:unhappy/joyless
②羞愧:ashamed/abashed
【点睛】【高分句型1】They fed the birds, which refused to eat, looking unhappy.(由which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】They got in touch with a bird expert, who said the birds you cage are of a rare species. (由who引导的非限制性定语从句)
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