高一英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man do on Monday
A. Attend a wedding. B. Take an exam. C. Hand in an essay.
2. What is the woman probably
A. A librarian. B. A writer. C. A student.
3. What is the man’s suggestion
A. Reducing the amount of medicine.
B Doing more stretching exercises.
C. Stopping taking the medicine.
4. What is Donna busy doing
A. Looking for a roommate.
B. Studying for the exams.
C. Working for the newspaper.
5. How does the man find his living place
A. Too crowded. B. Quite noisy. C. All right.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
6. What sport did the man do last Friday
A. Badminton. B. Swimming. C. Table tennis.
7. When will the speakers go to the new sports center together
A. Next Wednesday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next Friday.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What is the weather like today
A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
9. What’s the man’s plan for tomorrow afternoon
A. Attending a class. B. Meeting some friends. C. Seeing a film.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. How will the woman travel in Hawaii
A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By coach.
11. What kind of group would the woman like to join
A. A 10-people group.
B. A 20-people group.
C. A 30-people group.
12. What kind of vacation does the woman prefer
A. A cheap one. B. An adventurous one. C. A relaxing one.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13 How often are Martin’s wildlife programs on
A. Once a day. B. Once a week. C. Once a month.
14. Where were wildlife programs filmed in the early 1960s
A. In the mountains. B. On the island. C. At the local zoo.
15. When did the man go to Borneo
A. In 1960. B. In 1962. C. In 1964.
16. What is the feature of today’s filming
A. It is strictly planned.
B. The scenes are uncertain.
C. It takes less time to prepare.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Which country has the most effective education system
A. South Korea.
B. Japan.
C. The United States.
18. What is the study based on
A. The number of students.
B. The level of education.
C. The abilities of students.
19. What is the ranking of Germany’s education system
A. 18th. B. 19th. C. 24th.
20 What is stressed in the end
A. Home education.
B. School faculties.
C. Teaching methods.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A recent survey (调查) shows that only about a third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1. How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday
·Finding：A full 24% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
·Step：Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2. How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday
·Finding：Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only four times a day, half of the number doctors recommend.
·Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs (病菌) to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3. How often do you think about fighting germs
·Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
·Step：Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.
1. Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands .
A. twice a day B. three times a day
C. four times a day D. eight times a day
2. Which of the following is true according to the text
A. A third American seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
B. There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth.
C. We should wash our hands before touching a door handle.
D. A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet.
3. The text probably comes from .
A. a guide book B. a popular magazine
C. a book review D. an official document
B
Have you ever thought that your life will be perfect if something in your outside world changes You may say, “I will live happily if I find my soul mate.” You may say, “If the perfect job comes along, I will get satisfaction. My problem is that my boss is stupid.” Or you may say, “If I have a child, I will know what it is like to be loved.” The problem is that it is not the outside world that prevents you from experiencing peace, love and joy. Instead, it is your own internal (内部的) patterns that get in your way.
To prove this point, at my weekend programs, I had my students look at a flower on my table. Then I asked them to share their experiences. Some showed a state of complete joy because staring at the flower reminded them of their wedding or a great trip with their lovers. Others said the flower made them angry because it reminded them of a gift given by a former partner who turned against them. Some students even told me that the flower reminded them of their beloved grandmothers’ gardens with some shedding tears (流泪)of joy and others shedding tears of sadness. However, the flower was still just a flower.
Our internal patterns decide whether each moment is filled with peace, anger, joy, love or sadness. When you don’t realize that it is your own internal state that is creating your experience, you are likely to blame (责备)the external situations in your life. Most people aren’t taught that emotion is a choice. And they aren’t taught how to change those lower emotional patterns such as anger, anxiety, sadness and so on. Next time, when you meet something bad, please look at your internal state. When you accept that you are responsible for your own state, and find the courage to turn inward, you can step out of being a slave to what shows up in your external world.
4. Why does the author mention the examples in Paragraph 1
A. To lead to the topic of this passage.
B. To complain about imperfect life.
C. To show common problems in life.
D. To encourage people to change the outside world.
5. How does the author prove his opinion
A. By giving examples. B. By doing an experiment.
C. By telling a related story. D. By comparing other people’s opinions.
6. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A. To step out of negative emotions.
B. To pay attention to our internal world.
C. To share our real emotions with others.
D. To use different methods to change bad emotions.
7. What does the author want to express through the passage
A. Our external world matters a lot.
B. Our emotions can affect our health.
C. Our internal patterns truly decide our emotions.
D. Our experiences have a great influence on our emotions.
C
At any moment, about half the world’s population is wearing denim (牛仔布). But few realize tiny bits of denim have been adding up to a surprising amount of pollution in water, as a new study shows.
Sam Athey, one of the study’s authors, says, “Even though denim is made of a natural material—cotton—it contains chemicals.” Cotton fibers are treated with many types of chemicals, she notes. Some improve its durability (耐久性) and feel. Others give denim its distinctive blue color.
Athey and her team washed jeans and found that about 50,000 microfibers come off from each pair per wash. Not all of those fibers make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants catch about 83 to 99 percent of them. Catching 99 percent may sound pretty good. But one percent of 50,000 is still 500 fibers per wash. And since every pair of jeans is washed again and again, it still adds up to lots of microfibers entering water environments.
Denim microfibers showed up in sediment (沉淀物) from the Great Lakes. More of these fibers polluted a series of shallow lakes in southern Ontario. They even turned up in sediment from the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. The team found denim accounted for 12 to 23 percent of microfibers in the sediment. There were other microfibers too. But the team focused on denim because so many people wear jeans.
“Everyone wears jeans so they could be our largest input of microfibers into our streams and soils,” Athey says. “An easy way to limit that is by washing our jeans less often.” Athey grew up thinking she should wash her jeans after every couple of wearings, but most jean companies recommend washing them no more than once a month. “The solution is not that you shouldn’t wear jeans,” she says. “We need to buy fewer denim clothes and only wash them when they truly need it.”
8. Why are chemicals used to deal with cotton according to the passage
A. To avoid its harm.
B. To make it into denim.
C. To remove its blue color.
D. To prevent fibers from falling.
9. The figures in Paragraph 3 are intended to show _________.
A. wastewater treatment plants are good at dealing with microfibers
B. few microfibers are entering water environments
C. catching 99 percent means doing no harm to the environment
D. the effects of microfibers can not be ignored
10. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A The seriousness of denim pollution.
B. The types of water pollution.
C. The wide uses of denim.
D. The large water area of Canada.
11. What does Athey suggest people do about denim pollution
A. Wash jeans more often.
B. Avoid wearing jeans.
C. Produce less jeans.
D. Reduce denim consumption.
D
With greater climate catastrophe (气候突变) on Earth, it is natural for us to make every effort to stop the potential floods, snowstorms, and alarming reports from scientists. For many of us (myself included), part of that means running out to buy reusable straws, organic cleaners, and packaging-free products.
However, before you are delighted at “green” purchases, take a second to consider the results of a new study from Arizona University. By comparing the shopping habits, mental health and environmental impact of young people, the researchers reconfirmed a principle: Buying less beats buying “green” stuff without effort. And that is true whether you are looking at the impact that your purchases have on the Earth or on your own happiness.
It should not come as a shock that simply consuming less is better for the planet. After all, every new item a factory yields requires some resources to produce. Take plastic bag bans for instance. If your city is getting rid of single-use shopping bags, it can be attractive to pay for a fashionable organic cotton bag hanging in the check-out line of your local supermarket. However, experts insist that growing cotton is actually no better for the Earth than producing the conventional plastic bags. Then what is your best bet for carrying your groceries if you care about sustainability Any bag you already own.
It is not just the Earth that will be happier if you buy less. You will feel more contented too, according to the new study. “People believe that they might well be self-satisfied about becoming environmentally conscious through ‘green’ buying patterns, but it doesn’t seem to be that way”, said the lead researcher Sabrina Helm. “Reduced consumption has effects on increased happiness, but we don’t see that with ‘green’ consumption.”
“Owning every new ‘green’ product on the market might make you feel contented, but if you relieve yourself of that burden of ownership, most people report feeling a lot better,” said Helm.
12. Why does the writer mention “green” shopping habits
A. To call on a green lifestyle. B. To present a half true “green” truth.
C. To introduce a social trend. D. To praise people’s green efforts.
13. What’s the main idea of paragraph 3
A. Growing cotton is far worse for the Earth.
B. Reduced consumption is better for the Earth.
C. Using any bag you have is the best bet.
D. The plastic bag bans are of no effect.
14. What does the underlined word “contented” in paragraph 5 refer to
A. The sense of achievement. B. The sense of relief.
C. The sense of happiness. D. The sense of security.
15. What might be the best title for the text
A. Less is More B. The Greener, The Happier
C. Happiness Guarantee D. What Are Green Products
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you're a book lover who can't help but get lost in a story, you're probably constantly looking for ways to have your friends and family join in the reading fun! ___16___
Know your own reading preferences. Since you are more likely to be persuasive in recommending something you enjoy, it helps to know your own reading preferences. It's also helpful to write down some book reviews and your feelings about the books you read. ___17___
Ask them what they last read. ___18___ Once you get a sense of the kinds of books they like, you'll be better prepared to make an appropriate recommendation.
Encourage them to read a book about their city. If they recently moved to a new city, give them a book that relates to it. It could be a book about the unique art and architecture of the city. ___19___ For example, if they just moved to New York City, you could give them the novel Breakfast at Tiffany's by Truman Capote.
___20___ If they are passionate about their career or have just decided to change careers, they may enjoy a title related to their vocation. Search for a book that relates to their career.
Remember: The best recommendations are well tailored to them.
A. Take inspiration from their occupation.
B. Make a recommendation based on their personal style.
C. There are several strategies of how to recommend books.
D. Another option is a novel that takes place in their new city.
E. You can gather much information by asking about the books they read.
F. You might have to search for their favorite book alongside book stores.
G. You can use them to decide whether to recommend the books to a friend.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One morning when I was visiting a poor woman, I noticed her dog was suffering from a terrible case of mange (癞疥). I asked why she didn’t ____21____him and she told me there was nothing she could do about it for being short of ___22___ .
My heart broke as I watched him slowly trying to stand his ____23____from the illness. I asked her if she would mind if I tried to ___24___ him. I told her I would try to get some ____25____ to make him feel comfortable. Instead of going to a ___26___chemist’s shop, I went to the local animal doctor and told him what the dog ____27____like and he told me what I needed. When I ____28____ to the woman’s home I asked her if she would be sure to____29____the dog in the medicine liquid every day until it was_____30_____ .
Two weeks later when I returned to the house, this _____31_____ little ball of dog with red fur ____32____ me at the door. It was him, shaking his tail_____33_____. I smiled and told the woman she did a great_____34_____ .I called the dog Firecracker because his fur was so red and lively. Every time I went to her home, Firecracker always greeted me with a wave of his tail.
That was the best $16 I______35______spent.
21. A. feed B. sell C. treat D. donate
22. A. time B. ability C. food D. money
23. A. pain B. noises C. looks D. hopelessness
24. A. change B. please C. help D. buy
25. A. medicine B. love C. water D. milk
26. A. rural B. food C. strange D. regular
27. A. sounded B. looked C. smelled D. felt
28. A. returned B. hurried C. rushed D. turned
29. A. raise B. protect C. walk D. bathe
30. A. cut down B. taken apart C. used up D. paid off
31. A. weak B. funny C. energetic D. naughty
32. A. drove B. ignored C. attacked D. recognized
33. A. honestly B. carefully C. anxiously D. happily
34. A. service B. job C. favor D. attempt
35. A. even B. never C. ever D. then
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Herbal medicine is an important part of Chinese culture and the practice of traditional Chinese medicine. The emperor Shen Nong is said to have tasted 100 herbs, ____36____ allowed him to teach the Chinese people how to use them in their diet and treatment for illness. These herbs help the body to stay in balance and goji berries (枸杞) are one of them.
Since 200 B.C., goji berries _____37_____ (use) in traditional Chinese medicine. In China, goji berries are known as “wolfberry fruit” and they were once mentioned in ____38____ oldest book of Chinese herbs in existence, Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing. They are also known to act ____39____ (positive) on the organs because of the detoxifying (解毒) properties, thus ___40___ (contribute) to our qi and energy.
Goji berries are an excellent source of antioxidants (抗氧化剂), amino acids and 20 other trace minerals. They are ____41____ (benefit) to us in many aspects, ____42____ (include) their ability _____43_____ (promote) healthy skin, protect eye health, adjust blood sugar levels and fight cancer.
In China, goji berries are commonly cooked and added to recipes like porridge, soups and dishes _____44_____ (make) with chicken, pork or vegetables. They are also used to make a ____45____ (vary) of teas, juices and wines.
第三节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
根据首字母或中文提示写单词，每空一词，注意在答题卡上写出该词的完整形式。
46. Many elderly people live in _______________. (贫困，贫穷) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47 She was forced to r________ early from teaching because of ill health.
48. Those anticancer drugs are effective, but they are _____________ to white blood cells. (破坏性的) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49. Children often behave badly out of ________(无知). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
50. Luckily, the missing children were found safe and s________________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
第四节 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据课文内容填写课文中的原词，每空一词。
When you think of a fearsome hunter, images of lions and sharks may spring to mind. Recent research by _____51_____ scientists, however, shows that in fact, humans are the most fearsome hunters who have the greatest impact on animal populations. Human activities have brought many animals close to ______52______. In the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals have gone extinct. Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals, _____53_____ other activities, such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations.
Hunting and fishing have directly influenced the world’s animal populations. Some people hunt animals for food: whale meat is ______54______ in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used to make coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer are _____55_____ and shot by people who enjoy the _____56_____ of the sport.
Human activities that have indirect effects on animals can be just as _____57_____. When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with_____58_____ to live, or no food to eat. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and ____59____ influence quite far from their source. Partly due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has ______60______ greatly. As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals.
第四部分 应用文写作(满分25分)
61. 针对你校学生中普遍存在的不吃早餐或用零食代替早餐等不良现象，请你代表英语俱乐部给全校学生用英语写一份倡议书，号召大家养成科学吃早餐的习惯。内容包括：
1. 目前存在的问题；
2. 早餐的重要作用以及如何健康吃早餐（2点建议）；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右（标题、称呼及落款已给出，但不计入总词数）；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Have a good breakfast!
Dear fellow students,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The English Club淮阴师范学院附属中学2021-2022学年度第二学期期中考试
高一英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man do on Monday
A Attend a wedding. B. Take an exam. C. Hand in an essay.
2. What is the woman probably
A. A librarian. B. A writer. C. A student.
3. What is the man’s suggestion
A. Reducing the amount of medicine.
B. Doing more stretching exercises.
C. Stopping taking the medicine.
4. What is Donna busy doing
A. Looking for a roommate.
B. Studying for the exams.
C. Working for the newspaper.
5. How does the man find his living place
A. Too crowded. B. Quite noisy. C. All right.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
6. What sport did the man do last Friday
A. Badminton. B. Swimming. C. Table tennis.
7. When will the speakers go to the new sports center together
A. Next Wednesday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next Friday.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What is the weather like today
A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
9. What’s the man’s plan for tomorrow afternoon
A. Attending a class. B. Meeting some friends. C. Seeing a film.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. How will the woman travel in Hawaii
A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By coach.
11. What kind of group would the woman like to join
A. A 10-people group.
B. A 20-people group.
C. A 30-people group.
12. What kind of vacation does the woman prefer
A. A cheap one. B. An adventurous one. C. A relaxing one.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. How often are Martin’s wildlife programs on
A. Once a day. B. Once a week. C. Once a month.
14. Where were wildlife programs filmed in the early 1960s
A. In the mountains. B. On the island. C. At the local zoo.
15. When did the man go to Borneo
A. In 1960. B. In 1962. C. In 1964.
16. What is the feature of today’s filming
A. It is strictly planned.
B. The scenes are uncertain.
C. It takes less time to prepare.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Which country has the most effective education system
A. South Korea.
B. Japan.
C. The United States.
18. What is the study based on
A. The number of students.
B. The level of education.
C. The abilities of students.
19. What is the ranking of Germany’s education system
A. 18th. B. 19th. C. 24th.
20. What is stressed in the end
A. Home education.
B. School faculties.
C. Teaching methods.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A recent survey (调查) shows that only about a third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1. How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday
·Finding：A full 24% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
·Step：Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2. How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday
·Finding：Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only four times a day, half of the number doctors recommend.
·Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs (病菌) to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3. How often do you think about fighting germs
·Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
·Step：Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.
1. Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands .
A. twice a day B. three times a day
C. four times a day D. eight times a day
2. Which of the following is true according to the text
A. A third American seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
B. There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth.
C. We should wash our hands before touching a door handle.
D. A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet.
3. The text probably comes from .
A. a guide book B. a popular magazine
C. a book review D. an official document
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了关于健康习惯的调查。在一天刷几次牙，洗手沐浴几次，以及多久考虑过和细菌战斗一次等方面描述了一些美国老年人的习惯，并给出了专家的建议。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文信息“Finding：And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day---half of the number which doctors recommend(发现：几乎百分之三十的老年人一天只洗四次手----是医生推荐量的一半。)”可见医生建议一天要洗八次手。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文信息“Step：Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else (步骤：你知道不是你的厕所，而是你的厨房海绵携带的细菌比其他任何东西都多吗 )”可知，厨房海绵携带病菌的数量要比厕所还要多。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。A项“a guide book(指南)”；B项“a popular magazine(一本受欢迎的杂志)”；C项“a book review(书评)”；D项“an official document(官方文件)”。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A recent survey (调查) shows that only about a third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.(最近的一项调查显示，只有三分之一的美国老年人有正确的习惯。这里有一些发现和专家建议。)”可知，这篇短文主要介绍了一个关于健康问题的调查报告，并针对这些调查结果提出了相应的建议，由此可知，本文最有可能出自一本流行的生活类杂志。故选B。
B
Have you ever thought that your life will be perfect if something in your outside world changes You may say, “I will live happily if I find my soul mate.” You may say, “If the perfect job comes along, I will get satisfaction. My problem is that my boss is stupid.” Or you may say, “If I have a child, I will know what it is like to be loved.” The problem is that it is not the outside world that prevents you from experiencing peace, love and joy. Instead, it is your own internal (内部) patterns that get in your way.
To prove this point, at my weekend programs, I had my students look at a flower on my table. Then I asked them to share their experiences. Some showed a state of complete joy because staring at the flower reminded them of their wedding or a great trip with their lovers. Others said the flower made them angry because it reminded them of a gift given by a former partner who turned against them. Some students even told me that the flower reminded them of their beloved grandmothers’ gardens with some shedding tears (流泪)of joy and others shedding tears of sadness. However, the flower was still just a flower.
Our internal patterns decide whether each moment is filled with peace, anger, joy, love or sadness. When you don’t realize that it is your own internal state that is creating your experience, you are likely to blame (责备)the external situations in your life. Most people aren’t taught that emotion is a choice. And they aren’t taught how to change those lower emotional patterns such as anger, anxiety, sadness and so on. Next time, when you meet something bad, please look at your internal state. When you accept that you are responsible for your own state, and find the courage to turn inward, you can step out of being a slave to what shows up in your external world.
4. Why does the author mention the examples in Paragraph 1
A. To lead to the topic of this passage.
B. To complain about imperfect life.
C. To show common problems in life.
D. To encourage people to change the outside world.
5. How does the author prove his opinion
A. By giving examples. B. By doing an experiment.
C. By telling a related story. D. By comparing other people’s opinions.
6. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A. To step out of negative emotions.
B. To pay attention to our internal world.
C. To share our real emotions with others.
D. To use different methods to change bad emotions.
7. What does the author want to express through the passage
A. Our external world matters a lot.
B. Our emotions can affect our health.
C. Our internal patterns truly decide our emotions.
D. Our experiences have a great influence on our emotions.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过做实验的方式证明他的观点——我们的内在模式真正决定了我们的情绪。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第一段The problem is that it is not the outside world that prevents you from experiencing peace, love and joy. Instead, it is your own internal (内部的) patterns that get in your way.（问题是，并不是外部世界阻止你体验和平、爱和快乐。相反，阻碍你的是你自己的内在模式。）由此可知作者在第一段中提到这些例子，是为了引出这篇文章的主题，故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第二段To prove this point, at my weekend programs, I had my students look at a flower on my table. Then I asked them to share their experiences.（为了证明这一点，在我的周末课程中，我让学生们看我桌上的一朵花。然后我请他们分享他们的感受。）由此推断出作者通过做实验的方式证明他的观点，故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段Next time, when you meet something bad, please look at your internal state.（下次，当你遇到不好的事情时，请看看你的内心状态。）由此可知，作者在最后一段建议我们关注我们的内心世界，故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段The problem is that it is not the outside world that prevents you from experiencing peace, love and joy. Instead, it is your own internal (内部的) patterns that get in your way.（问题是，并不是外部世界阻止你体验和平、爱和快乐。相反，阻碍你的是你自己的内在模式。）是全文的主题句，可知作者通过这篇文章说明我们的内在模式真正决定了我们的情绪，故选C。
【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题2，答案定位在第二段To prove this point, at my weekend programs, I had my students look at a flower on my table. Then I asked them to share their experiences.（为了证明这一点，在我的周末课程中，我让学生们看我桌上的一朵花。然后我请他们分享他们的感受。）由此推断出作者通过做实验的方式证明他的观点，故选B。
C
At any moment, about half the world’s population is wearing denim (牛仔布). But few realize tiny bits of denim have been adding up to a surprising amount of pollution in water, as a new study shows.
Sam Athey, one of the study’s authors, says, “Even though denim is made of a natural material—cotton—it contains chemicals.” Cotton fibers are treated with many types of chemicals, she notes. Some improve its durability (耐久性) and feel. Others give denim its distinctive blue color.
Athey and her team washed jeans and found that about 50,000 microfibers come off from each pair per wash. Not all of those fibers make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants catch about 83 to 99 percent of them. Catching 99 percent may sound pretty good. But one percent of 50,000 is still 500 fibers per wash. And since every pair of jeans is washed again and again, it still adds up to lots of microfibers entering water environments.
Denim microfibers showed up in sediment (沉淀物) from the Great Lakes. More of these fibers polluted a series of shallow lakes in southern Ontario. They even turned up in sediment from the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. The team found denim accounted for 12 to 23 percent of microfibers in the sediment. There were other microfibers too. But the team focused on denim because so many people wear jeans.
“Everyone wears jeans so they could be our largest input of microfibers into our streams and soils,” Athey says. “An easy way to limit that is by washing our jeans less often.” Athey grew up thinking she should wash her jeans after every couple of wearings, but most jean companies recommend washing them no more than once a month. “The solution is not that you shouldn’t wear jeans,” she says. “We need to buy fewer denim clothes and only wash them when they truly need it.”
8. Why are chemicals used to deal with cotton according to the passage
A. To avoid its harm.
B. To make it into denim.
C. To remove its blue color.
D. To prevent fibers from falling.
9. The figures in Paragraph 3 are intended to show _________.
A. wastewater treatment plants are good at dealing with microfibers
B. few microfibers are entering water environments
C. catching 99 percent means doing no harm to the environment
D. the effects of microfibers can not be ignored
10. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The seriousness of denim pollution.
B. The types of water pollution.
C. The wide uses of denim.
D. The large water area of Canada.
11. What does Athey suggest people do about denim pollution
A Wash jeans more often.
B. Avoid wearing jeans.
C. Produce less jeans.
D. Reduce denim consumption.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项新研究表明，牛仔布会对水造成严重污染。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Even though denim is made of a natural material—cotton—it contains chemicals.(尽管牛仔是由天然材料——棉布——制成的，但它含有化学物质。)”和“Cotton fibers are treated with many types of chemicals, she notes. Some improve its durability (耐久性) and feel. Others give denim its distinctive blue color.(她指出，棉花纤维经过多种化学物质处理。有些可以提高它的耐用性和手感。另一些人则赋予牛仔布独特的蓝色。)”可知，牛仔布是用棉布制成的，棉花纤维经过多种化学物质处理，可以提高棉的耐用性和手感，并给它染上牛仔布的颜色，由此可推测出，用化学品来处理棉布的目的是让它变成牛仔布。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“about 50,000 microfibers come off from each pair per wash(每洗一次牛仔裤会脱落约50000条微纤维)”和“Wastewater treatment plants catch about 83 to 99 percent of them. Catching 99 percent may sound pretty good. But one percent of 50,000 is still 500 fibers per wash.(废水处理厂捕获了大约83%到99%的微纤维。99%的命中率听起来不错。但每次洗涤的50000条微纤维中的1%仍然是500条纤维。)”可知，每次洗牛仔裤会脱落约50000条微纤维，而废水处理厂不能完全处理掉这些微纤维，仍然有一部分不能被处理，哪怕洗一次牛仔裤会留下1%的微纤维，也是500条微纤维，由此可推测出，微纤维的影响不能忽视。故选D。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Denim microfibers showed up in sediment (沉淀物) from the Great Lakes. More of these fibers polluted a series of shallow lakes in southern Ontario. They even turned up in sediment from the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. The team found denim accounted for 12 to 23 percent of microfibers in the sediment. There were other microfibers too. But the team focused on denim because so many people wear jeans.(牛仔布微纤维出现在五大湖的沉积物中。这些纤维更多地污染了安大略省南部的一系列浅水湖。它们甚至出现在加拿大北部北冰洋的沉积物中。研究小组发现，牛仔布占沉积物中微纤维的12%至23%。还有其他的微纤维。但该团队将重点放在了牛仔裤上，因为很多人都穿牛仔裤。)”可知，牛仔布微纤维出现在五大湖的沉积物中，污染了一系列浅水湖，还出现在北冰洋的沉积物中，牛仔布微纤维在沉积物中占据12%至23%，由于穿牛仔裤的人很多，所以团队把注意力放在牛仔布污染上。由此可知，本段主要讲述的是牛仔布污染的严重性。故选A。
11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We need to buy fewer denim clothes and only wash them when they truly need it.(我们需要少买牛仔服，并且只在它们真正需要洗的时候才洗。)”可知，Athey建议人们少买牛仔布衣服。故选D。
D
With greater climate catastrophe (气候突变) on Earth, it is natural for us to make every effort to stop the potential floods, snowstorms, and alarming reports from scientists. For many of us (myself included), part of that means running out to buy reusable straws, organic cleaners, and packaging-free products.
However, before you are delighted at “green” purchases, take a second to consider the results of a new study from Arizona University. By comparing the shopping habits, mental health and environmental impact of young people, the researchers reconfirmed a principle: Buying less beats buying “green” stuff without effort. And that is true whether you are looking at the impact that your purchases have on the Earth or on your own happiness.
It should not come as a shock that simply consuming less is better for the planet. After all, every new item a factory yields requires some resources to produce. Take plastic bag bans for instance. If your city is getting rid of single-use shopping bags, it can be attractive to pay for a fashionable organic cotton bag hanging in the check-out line of your local supermarket. However, experts insist that growing cotton is actually no better for the Earth than producing the conventional plastic bags. Then what is your best bet for carrying your groceries if you care about sustainability Any bag you already own.
It is not just the Earth that will be happier if you buy less. You will feel more contented too, according to the new study. “People believe that they might well be self-satisfied about becoming environmentally conscious through ‘green’ buying patterns, but it doesn’t seem to be that way”, said the lead researcher Sabrina Helm. “Reduced consumption has effects on increased happiness, but we don’t see that with ‘green’ consumption.”
“Owning every new ‘green’ product on the market might make you feel contented but if you relieve yourself of that burden of ownership, most people report feeling a lot better,” said Helm.
12. Why does the writer mention “green” shopping habits
A. To call on a green lifestyle. B. To present a half true “green” truth.
C. To introduce a social trend. D. To praise people’s green efforts.
13. What’s the main idea of paragraph 3
A. Growing cotton is far worse for the Earth.
B. Reduced consumption is better for the Earth.
C. Using any bag you have is the best bet.
D. The plastic bag bans are of no effect.
14. What does the underlined word “contented” in paragraph 5 refer to
A. The sense of achievement. B. The sense of relief.
C. The sense of happiness. D. The sense of security.
15. What might be the best title for the text
A. Less is More B. The Greener, The Happier
C. Happiness Guarantee D. What Are Green Products
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。亚利桑那大学的一项新研究结果表明，减少消费比所谓的“绿色消费”对地球更好，这会让人类得到更多。文章对此进行了介绍。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“By comparing the shopping habits, mental health and environmental impact of young people, the researchers reconfirmed a principle: Buying less beats buying “green” stuff without effort. And that is true whether you are looking at the impact that your purchases have on the Earth or on your own happiness.(通过比较年轻人的购物习惯、心理健康和环境影响，研究人员再次确认了一个原则：少买比不费力地买“绿色”东西好。无论你是在看你的购买对地球的影响还是对你自己的幸福的影响。)”可知，作者提到“绿色”购物习惯是为了呈现半真半假的“绿色”真相。故选B。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“It should not come as a shock that simply consuming less is better for the planet.(简单地减少消费对地球更好，这一点不应该让人感到震惊。)”可知，第三段主要是讲减少消费对地球更好。故选B。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Owning every new ‘green’ product on the market(拥有市场上每一个新的“绿色”产品)”和“but if you relieve yourself of that burden of ownership, most people report feeling a lot better(但如果你减轻了拥有这些东西的负担，却会让大多数人感觉好很多)”可知，此处是指拥有市场上每一个新的“绿色”产品可能会让你满足，所以contented意为“满足的”。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“However, before you are delighted at “green” purchases, take a second to consider the results of a new study from Arizona University. By comparing the shopping habits, mental health and environmental impact of young people, the researchers reconfirmed a principle: Buying less beats buying “green” stuff without effort. And that is true whether you are looking at the impact that your purchases have on the Earth or on your own happiness.(然而，在你为“绿色”购物感到高兴之前，花点时间考虑一下亚利桑那大学的一项新研究结果。通过比较年轻人的购物习惯、心理健康和环境影响，研究人员再次确认了一个原则：少买比不费力地买“绿色”东西好。无论你是在看你的购买对地球的影响还是对你自己的幸福的影响。)”和第三段第一句“It should not come as a shock that simply consuming less is better for the planet.(简单地减少消费对地球更好，这一点不应该让人感到震惊。)”可知，文章主要是讲减少消费比所谓的“绿色消费”对地球更好，这会让人类得到更多。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you're a book lover who can't help but get lost in a story, you're probably constantly looking for ways to have your friends and family join in the reading fun! ___16___
Know your own reading preferences. Since you are more likely to be persuasive in recommending something you enjoy, it helps to know your own reading preferences. It's also helpful to write down some book reviews and your feelings about the books you read. ___17___
Ask them what they last read. ___18___ Once you get a sense of the kinds of books they like, you'll be better prepared to make an appropriate recommendation.
Encourage them to read a book about their city. If they recently moved to a new city, give them a book that relates to it. It could be a book about the unique art and architecture of the city. ___19___ For example, if they just moved to New York City, you could give them the novel Breakfast at Tiffany's by Truman Capote.
___20___ If they are passionate about their career or have just decided to change careers, they may enjoy a title related to their vocation. Search for a book that relates to their career.
Remember: The best recommendations are well tailored to them.
A. Take inspiration from their occupation.
B. Make a recommendation based on their personal style.
C. There are several strategies of how to recommend books.
D. Another option is a novel that takes place in their new city.
E. You can gather much information by asking about the books they read.
F. You might have to search for their favorite book alongside book stores.
G. You can use them to decide whether to recommend the books to a friend.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了几种推荐书籍的策略。
【16题详解】
根据空前“If you're a book lover who can't help but get lost in a story, you're probably constantly looking for ways to have your friends and family join in the reading fun!(如果你是一个爱书的人，情不自禁地沉浸在故事中，你可能一直在寻找方法，让你的朋友和家人加入阅读的乐趣！)”可知，前面提出了寻找方法让其他人参加阅读。下面要介绍几种策略。C项：“推荐书籍有几种策略。”引出下文。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据空前“It's also helpful to write down some book reviews and your feelings about the books you read.(写下一些书评和你对所读书籍的感受也是很有帮助的)”可知，G选项中的them指的是前面的some book reviews and your feelings。由此可知，通过书评和感受来做决定是否推荐这本书，G项：“你可以用它们来决定是否向朋友推荐这些书。”符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据空前“Ask them what they last read.(询问他们上次读过什么书)”可知，这样做是为了了解对方读书的情况。以及空后“Once you get a sense of the kinds of books they like, you'll be better prepared to make an appropriate recommendation.(一旦你了解了他们喜欢的书的种类，你就能更好地做出适当的推荐)”可知，通过询问才能了解对方对书籍的喜好。E项：“你可以通过询问他们读过的书来收集很多信息。”符合语境。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Encourage them to read a book about their city. If they recently moved to a new city, give them a book that relates to it. It could be a book about the unique art and architecture of the city.(鼓励他们读一本关于他们城市的书。如果他们最近搬到一个新城市，给他们一本相关的书。它可以是一本关于这座城市独特艺术和建筑的书)”可知，前面给出了一种书籍推荐的选择，以及空后“For example, if they just moved to New York City, you could give them the novel Breakfast at Tiffany's by Truman Capote.(例如，如果他们刚搬到纽约，你可以给他们看杜鲁门·卡波特的小说《蒂凡尼的早餐》)”可知，这是具体的例子。D项：“另一个选择是一本发生在他们的新城市的小说。”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据空后“If they are passionate about their career or have just decided to change careers, they may enjoy a title related to their vocation. Search for a book that relates to their career.(如果他们对自己的职业充满激情，或者刚刚决定转行，他们可能会喜欢与自己的职业相关的头衔。找一本与他们的职业相关的书)”可知，后面career 和A选项中的occupation一致，提出了推荐与职业有关的书。下面要介绍几种策略。A项：“从他们的职业中获得灵感。”符合语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One morning when I was visiting a poor woman, I noticed her dog was suffering from a terrible case of mange (癞疥). I asked why she didn’t ____21____him and she told me there was nothing she could do about it for being short of ___22___ .
My heart broke as I watched him slowly trying to stand his ____23____from the illness. I asked her if she would mind if I tried to ___24___ him. I told her I would try to get some ____25____ to make him feel comfortable. Instead of going to a ___26___chemist’s shop, I went to the local animal doctor and told him what the dog ____27____like and he told me what I needed. When I ____28____ to the woman’s home I asked her if she would be sure to____29____the dog in the medicine liquid every day until it was_____30_____ .
Two weeks later when I returned to the house, this _____31_____ little ball of dog with red fur ____32____ me at the door. It was him, shaking his tail_____33_____. I smiled and told the woman she did a great_____34_____ .I called the dog Firecracker because his fur was so red and lively. Every time I went to her home, Firecracker always greeted me with a wave of his tail.
That was the best $16 I______35______spent.
21. A. feed B. sell C. treat D. donate
22. A. time B. ability C. food D. money
23. A. pain B. noises C. looks D. hopelessness
24. A. change B. please C. help D. buy
25. A. medicine B. love C. water D. milk
26. A. rural B. food C. strange D. regular
27. A. sounded B. looked C. smelled D. felt
28. A. returned B. hurried C. rushed D. turned
29. A. raise B. protect C. walk D. bathe
30. A. cut down B. taken apart C. used up D. paid off
31. A. weak B. funny C. energetic D. naughty
32. A. drove B. ignored C. attacked D. recognized
33. A. honestly B. carefully C. anxiously D. happily
34. A. service B. job C. favor D. attempt
35. A. even B. never C. ever D. then
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。一位女士家的狗得了严重的癞疥，由于她没有钱给狗医治，小狗很痛苦。作者为小狗找了医生拿了药，治好了小狗。此后小狗每次见到作者都高兴地摇尾巴打招呼，作者认为这次的钱花的很值。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问她为什么不给她的狗治疗，她告诉我因为缺钱无能为力。A. feed喂养；B. sell卖，出售；C. treat治疗，对待；D. donate捐赠，捐献。根据上句I noticed her dog was suffering from a terrible case of mange (癞疥).可知她的狗患有严重的癞疥需要治疗，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我问她为什么不给她的狗治疗，她告诉我因为缺钱无能为力。A. time时间；B. ability能力；C. food食物；D. money钱，货币。根据上句a poor woman和That was the best $16 I_____15_____spent.作者找医生，出钱给狗看病可知，这位妇女很穷没钱给狗看病。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的心都碎了，看着它慢慢地忍受着病痛的折磨。A. pain疼痛，痛苦；B. noises噪音；C. looks看，注意；D. hopelessness绝望。根据句中My heart broke和from the illness可知狗由于病情严重，忍受着痛苦。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问她是否介意我尽力帮助它。A. change改变；B. please请，使高兴；C. help帮助；D. buy买。下文作者找医生，出钱给狗看病说明作者在帮助小狗，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我会尽力去弄点药让他舒服点。A. medicine药；B. love爱；C. water水；D. milk牛奶。根据下文going to a ___6___chemist’s shop, I went to the local animal doctor和in the medicine liquid every day可知作者给狗买药，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有去普通的药店，而是去找当地的动物医生，告诉他狗的样子，他告诉我需要什么。A. rural农村的，乡下的；B. food食物；C. strange奇怪的；D. regular普通的，定期的。此处指普通的药店，作者怕普通的药店治不好狗的病，所以去找医生。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有去普通的药店，而是去找当地的动物医生，告诉他狗的样子，他告诉我需要什么。A. sounded听起来； B. looked看起来；C. smelled闻；D. felt感觉。此处指狗看起来的样子，狗得病的症状。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回到那个女士家里时，我问她是否确定能每天用药液给狗洗澡，直到药液用完为止。A. returned返回；B. hurried催促，匆忙进行；C. rushed冲进；D. turned转向，转变。根据告诉这位女士如何用药，可知作者是拿完药返回到女士家里，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回到那个女士家里时，我问她是否确定能每天用药液给狗洗澡，直到药液用完为止。A. raise提高，养育；B. protect保护；C. walk步行；D. bathe洗澡，沐浴。根据the dog in the medicine liquid可知是用药液给狗洗澡，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我回到那个女士家里时，我问她是否确定能每天用药液给狗洗澡，直到药液用完为止。句意：A. cut down削减，砍到；B. taken apart拆开；C. used up用完；D. paid off付清。此处指给狗把买的药用完，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两周后，当我返回到女士家时，这只浑身红毛、精力充沛的小狗在门口认出了我。A. weak虚弱的；B. funny有趣的，好笑的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. naughty顽皮的，淘气的。根据shaking his tail和下文Firecracker always greeted me with a wave of his tail.可知小狗的病好了，又恢复了活力。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两周后，当我返回到女士家时，这只浑身红毛、精力充沛的小狗在门口认出了我。A. drove驾驶；B. ignored忽视；C. attacked攻击；D. recognized认出，识别。根据shaking his tail和下文Firecracker always greeted me with a wave of his tail.可知小狗认出了作者，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：就是它，快乐地摇着尾巴。A. honestly真诚地；B. carefully小心地；C. anxiously忧虑地；D. happily快乐地。小狗的病好了，见到作者很高兴。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我微笑着告诉那位女士，她做得很好。A. service服务；B. job工作；C. favor帮助，赞同；D. attempt企图，试图。那位女士把小狗的病治好了，她做得很好。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是我曾经花过的最值的$16。A. even甚至；B. never从未，绝不；C. ever永远，曾经；D. then然后。作者认为这件事做得很值，这$16是曾经花过的钱中最值的。故选C。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题2根据上句a poor woman和That was the best $16 I_____15_____spent.作者找医生，出钱给狗看病可知，这位妇女很穷没钱给狗看病。故选money。小题5根据下文going to a ___6___chemist’s shop, I went to the local animal doctor和in the medicine liquid every day可知作者给狗买药，故选medicine。小题9根据the dog in the medicine liquid可知是用药液给狗洗澡，故选bathe。小题12根据shaking his tail和下文Firecracker always greeted me with a wave of his tail.可知小狗认出了作者，故选recognized。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Herbal medicine is an important part of Chinese culture and the practice of traditional Chinese medicine. The emperor Shen Nong is said to have tasted 100 herbs, ____36____ allowed him to teach the Chinese people how to use them in their diet and treatment for illness. These herbs help the body to stay in balance and goji berries (枸杞) are one of them.
Since 200 B.C., goji berries _____37_____ (use) in traditional Chinese medicine. In China, goji berries are known as “wolfberry fruit” and they were once mentioned in ____38____ oldest book of Chinese herbs in existence, Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing. They are also known to act ____39____ (positive) on the organs because of the detoxifying (解毒) properties, thus ___40___ (contribute) to our qi and energy.
Goji berries are an excellent source of antioxidants (抗氧化剂), amino acids and 20 other trace minerals. They are ____41____ (benefit) to us in many aspects, ____42____ (include) their ability _____43_____ (promote) healthy skin, protect eye health, adjust blood sugar levels and fight cancer.
In China, goji berries are commonly cooked and added to recipes like porridge, soups and dishes _____44_____ (make) with chicken, pork or vegetables. They are also used to make a ____45____ (vary) of teas, juices and wines.
【答案】36. which
37. has been used
38. the 39. positively
40. contributing
41. beneficial
42. including
43. to promote
44. made 45. variety
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。枸杞属于中药草药的一种，被广泛使用在人们的医疗和膳食中。文章对其进行了介绍。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据说神农皇帝尝过100种草药，这使他能够教中国人如何在饮食和治疗疾病中使用它们。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且修饰句子，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自公元前200年以来，枸杞就被用于传统中药中。根据“Since 200 B.C.”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词use意为“使用”，和主语构成被动关系。故填have been used。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在中国，枸杞被称为“枸杞子”，在现存最古老的中草药书籍《神农本草经》中曾提到过枸杞子。在形容词最高级oldest前应用定冠词the。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于排毒的特性，它们也被认为对器官有积极的作用，从而有助于我们的气和能量。此处修饰动词作状语应用副词positively表示“积极地”。故填positively。
【40题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：由于排毒的特性，它们也被认为对器官有积极的作用，从而有助于我们的气和能量。动词contribute意为“有助于”，和系动词之间没有连词，和上文的句子构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作状语。thus意为“因此”，是副词。故填contributing。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它们在很多方面都对我们有益，包括促进皮肤健康、保护眼睛健康、调节血糖水平和抗癌。be beneficial to意为“对……有益”，此处应用形容词beneficial表示“有益的”作表语。故填beneficial。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：它们在很多方面都对我们有益，包括促进皮肤健康、保护眼睛健康、调节血糖水平和抗癌。空格处和系动词之间没有连词，所以应用介词including表示“包括”。故填including。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：它们在很多方面都对我们有益，包括促进皮肤健康、保护眼睛健康、调节血糖水平和抗癌。ability意为“能力”，为抽象名词，此处应用to do不定式作后置定语。故填to promote。
【44题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：在中国，枸杞通常被煮熟，加入到粥、汤和鸡肉、猪肉或蔬菜制成的菜肴中。动词make意为“制作”，和系动词之间没有连词，和逻辑主语dishes构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填made。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：它们也被用来制作各种茶、果汁和葡萄酒。a variety of意为“各种各样的”，为固定搭配。故填variety。
第三节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
根据首字母或中文提示写单词，每空一词，注意在答题卡上写出该词的完整形式。
46. Many elderly people live in _______________. (贫困，贫穷) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】poverty
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：许多老年人生活贫困。表示“贫困”应用名词poverty作宾语。故填poverty。
47. She was forced to r________ early from teaching because of ill health.
【答案】retire##etire
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：由于身体不好，她被迫提前从教师岗位上退休。be forced to do sth.被迫做某事，所以空格处需要填入动词，根据后句“因为疾病”可知，此处应该是“退休”。retire动词表示“退休”。故填retire。
48. Those anticancer drugs are effective, but they are _____________ to white blood cells. (破坏性的) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】destructive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：那些抗癌药物是有效的，但它们对白细胞具有破坏性。表示“破坏性的”应用形容词destructive作表语。故填destructive。
49. Children often behave badly out of ________(无知). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】ignorance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们常因无知而行为不端。根据汉语提示“无知”和空前的“out of”可知，应填名词ignorance，表抽象概念，不可数。故填ignorance。
50. Luckily, the missing children were found safe and s________________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】sound##ound
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，失踪的孩子们被发现时安然无恙。根据luckily和首字母s可知，此处是指孩子们安然无恙，形容词短语safe and sound意为“安然无恙”，此处作主语补足语。故填sound。
第四节 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据课文内容填写课文中的原词，每空一词。
When you think of a fearsome hunter, images of lions and sharks may spring to mind. Recent research by _____51_____ scientists, however, shows that in fact, humans are the most fearsome hunters who have the greatest impact on animal populations. Human activities have brought many animals close to ______52______. In the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals have gone extinct. Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals, _____53_____ other activities, such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations.
Hunting and fishing have directly influenced the world’s animal populations. Some people hunt animals for food: whale meat is ______54______ in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used to make coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer are _____55_____ and shot by people who enjoy the _____56_____ of the sport.
Human activities that have indirect effects on animals can be just as _____57_____. When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with_____58_____ to live, or no food to eat. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and ____59____ influence quite far from their source. Partly due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has ______60______ greatly. As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals.
【答案】51. environmental
52. extinction
53. while 54. eaten
55. tracked
56. excitement
57. harmful
58. nowhere
59. damaging
60. dropped
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述人们的行为对动物的消极影响。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，环境科学家最近的研究表明，事实上，人类是最可怕的猎人，他们对动物种群的影响最大。根据课文内容以及句意“环境的”可知，此处应填形容词environmental，作定语，修饰名词scientists，表示“环境的”，故填environmental。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：人类活动使许多动物濒临灭绝。根据课文内容以及句意“灭绝”可知应填不可数名词extinction，故填extinction。
【53题详解】
考查连词。句意：一些活动，如狩猎和捕鱼，直接伤害动物；然而其他活动，如城镇的发展，间接影响动物种群。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“然而”，故用连词while，表对比，故填while。
【54题详解】
考查动词。句意：有些人捕猎动物作为食物：在世界上的一些地方，人们吃鲸鱼肉。根据课文内容以及句意“吃”可知应填动词eat，与主语构成被动关系，结合is可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填eaten。
【55题详解】
考查动词。句意：还有一些人打猎只是为了好玩：喜欢这项运动刺激的人跟踪和射杀鹿。根据课文内容以及句意“跟踪”可知应填动词track，与主语构成被动关系，根据are可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填tracked。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：还有一些人打猎只是为了好玩：喜欢这项运动刺激的人跟踪和射杀鹿。根据课文内容以及句意“刺激”可知应填名词excitement，作宾语，不可数。故填excitement。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：对动物产生间接影响的人类活动也同样有害。根据课文内容以及句意“有害”可知应填形容词harmful，作表语。故填harmful。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：当我们建造农场或工厂时，我们破坏了动物的栖息地，使许多动物无处可住，或者没有食物可吃。根据课文内容以及句意表示“无处，没有地方”，故填副词nowhere，故填nowhere。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：空气、水、噪音和光污染都可能产生远离其来源的深远和破坏性影响。and连接的并列成分，词性和词性需一致，故设空处与deep一致，故填形容词，根据课文内容以及句意表示“破坏性的”，用形容词damaging，作定语，修饰名词influence，故填damaging。
【60题详解】
考查动词。句意：部分由于船舶交通和其他人类活动造成的污染，海豚的数量大幅下降。根据课文内容以及句意“下降”可知应填动词drop，结合has可知为现在完成时。故填dropped。
第四部分 应用文写作(满分25分)
61. 针对你校学生中普遍存在的不吃早餐或用零食代替早餐等不良现象，请你代表英语俱乐部给全校学生用英语写一份倡议书，号召大家养成科学吃早餐的习惯。内容包括：
1. 目前存在的问题；
2. 早餐的重要作用以及如何健康吃早餐（2点建议）；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右（标题、称呼及落款已给出，但不计入总词数）；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Have a good breakfast!
Dear fellow students,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The English Club
【答案】
Have a good breakfast!
Dear fellow students,
Learning that a large number of students attend classes without having breakfast, or just eating some snacks, our club think that it’s high time that we formed a good eating habit.
We attach great importance to breakfast, which not only gives us enough energy but makes us more active. Skipping breakfast has a bad effect on our stomachs. To keep fit, we had better not miss breakfast. Besides, a variety of food are supposed to be eaten. Only by doing this can we build up our bodies.
Let’s take action now and develop a good habit of having breakfast.
The English Club
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表英语俱乐部给全校学生用英语写一份倡议书，号召大家养成科学吃早餐的习惯。
【详解】1.词汇积累
大量的：a large number of→large numbers of
各种各样的：a variety of→various
影响：effect→impact
健康的：fit→healthy
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Skipping breakfast has a bad effect on our stomachs.
拓展句：It is skipping breakfast that has a bad effect on our stomachs.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning that a large number of students attend classes without having breakfast, or just eating some snacks, our club think that it’s high time that we formed a good eating habit. (运用了现在分词作状语、that引导的宾语从句和虚拟语气)
[高分句型2] We attach great importance to breakfast, which not only gives us enough energy but makes us more active. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] Only by doing this can we build up our bodies. (运用了部分倒装)
