2023届高考英语一轮复习虚拟语气 课件 (共30张PPT)

(共30张PPT)
一轮语法复习
虚拟语气
Contents
Learning objectives
1.Understand the basic form of the subjunctive mood
2.Know how to use this to composition
Review-Adverbial clauses of condition
条件状语从句复习
Please translate the following sentences into English.
1.如果你改正错误，那么下一次你会取得进步。
If you correct your mistakes, you will make progress in the next time.
2.他知道如果他回来，他会推动中国科学领域的发展。
He knew that, if he came back, he could help advance science in China.
再观察以下句子
They’ll have respect for you as long as you play fair.
You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
We may go to the party provided that it does not rain.
1.条件状语从句引导词有哪些？
If, unless, provided, as long as, supposing
2.条件状语从句遵循的基本原则是什么？
主将从现
Review-Adverbial clauses of condition
条件状语从句复习
学习新知—条件句中的虚拟语气
观察下面的句子，回答下面问题
1.If this airport hadn’t been constructed, our city wouldn’t have attracted so many tourists.
2.If a bigger airport were built, travelers’ experiences should be greatly improved.
3.If they lived in our city, they could use the ferry every day.
学习新知
虚拟语气表示的情况
真实
非真实
or
条件句中的虚拟语气还遵循“主将从现”的原则吗？
请结合以下例句进行说明，具体分析条件和结果
If this airport hadn’t been constructed, our city wouldn’t have attracted so many tourists.
学习新知
If从句表示_____________，
主句表示______________
条件
由条件引发的结果
归纳虚拟语气基本的动词形式
学习新知
If从句 主句
对过去虚拟 ...had done sth. Would/could/should/might have done sth.
对现在虚拟 ...did/were(不论主语) Would/could/should/might do sth.
对将来虚拟 ...did/were(不论主语) Would/could/should/might do sth.
虚拟条件句的省略与倒装
if条件句中有were，had或should时，可以省略if，并把were，had或should放在主语前，构成倒装结构。
If I were in your position，I would do the same.
→Were I in your position，I would do the same.
假如我处在你的位置，我也会这样做的。
If you had come earlier，you would have caught the bus.
→Had you come earlier，you would have caught the bus.
如果你来得早些，你就会赶上公共汽车了。
If it should rain tomorrow，we would not go climbing.
→Should it rain tomorrow，we would not go climbing.
如果明天下雨的话，我们就不去爬山了。
If the city hadn’t built the underground system, getting around wouldn’t be so convenient.
观察本句，并回答以下问题：
这个句子是不是虚拟条件句？
有没有遵循上述表格中的规律？
与上述表格中的规律有何不同？
学习新知
错综时间虚拟条件句
当从句、主句所表示的行为发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所在的时间作出相应的调整。
If you had listened to the teacher yesterday，you wouldn’t suffer so much now.
如果你昨天听老师的，你现在就不会受这么多苦。
1.If _________________, 主句_________________
2.If _________________, 主句_________________
对过去虚拟
对现在虚拟
表示将来
表示现在
He told me to hurry，otherwise I wouldn’t have forgotten to wear warm coats.
But for/Without Mr Wang，you would have been drowned.
观察本句，并回答以下问题：
这个句子是不是虚拟条件句？
与之前的句子有何不同
学习新知
含蓄虚拟条件句
有时假设的条件不通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些词或
短语中，或隐含在上下文中，这种虚拟语气称为含蓄虚拟条件句。常
用的这类词或短语有without(要是)没有，but for要不是，otherwise/or
否则，but但是等。句子结构同上面if条件句中的虚拟语气的结构。
思考：
上述哪些词能够表示条件，
哪些词能够表示结果
回顾
虚拟条件句的使用规则
遵循“主将从现”
学习新知——名从、定从的虚拟语气
观察下面句子
1.Yesterday，Mike insisted that he hadn’t cheated in the exam with the cellphone and that he (should) not be punished.
2.Her suggestion/advice was that Mike (should) study hard instead of cheating in the exams.
3.It is high time that he prepared/should prepare for the college entrance examination.
4. The teacher said it was required that students (should) not take cellphones to school.
5.It is important/essential/necessary that you (should) learn English well.
6.As a Chinese，I think it is strange that I (should) learn English well.
回答下面问题：
上面句子虚拟语气的表示方式与虚拟条件句有何不同？
学习新知——名从、定从的虚拟语气
学习新知——名从、定从的虚拟语气
某些特定的动词之后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语用(should＋)动词原形。这类动词包括“一坚持”(insist)，“二命令”(order/command)，“三要求”(require/request/demand)，“四建议”(suggest/advise/recommend/propose)。
上述动词用于“It is/was＋过去分词＋that从句”时，从句使用虚拟语气，即谓语用(should＋)动词原形
注意：当suggest表示“暗示，表明”之意，insist表示“坚持说”之意时，suggest/insist后的宾语从句不使用虚拟语气，而使用陈述语气。
The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.
他脸上的笑容表明他对我们的工作很满意。
The old man insisted that he was not ill and that he (should) not be sent to hospital.
这位老人坚持说他没有病，坚持认为他不应该被送到医院。
上述动词的名词形式如requirement，suggestion，advice等，其后的表语从句或同位语从句也用虚拟语气，即谓语用(should＋)动词原形
It is (high/about) time that sb did/should do sth也是常见的虚拟语气形式。此句型中should是情态动词用法，表示应该做某事
学习新知——名从、定从的虚拟语气
学习新知——名从、定从的虚拟语气
在It is/was＋形容词(important，essential，necessary，strange，natural，etc.)＋that引导的主语从句和It is/was＋名词(a pity，a rule，a shame，a surprise，etc.)＋that引导的主语从句中，主语从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”。
回顾
1.一坚持，二命令，三要求，四建议
2.注意suggest和insist
3.It is high time that sb. did/should do sth.
4.重要、必要、奇怪、陌生、自然、遗憾、惊奇
此类虚拟语气大多使用should do的形式，且should大多可省
观察下面句子
1.You wish they could be more caring and patient.
2.I would rather I hadn’t invited you to go out.
3.If only I had caught it.
4.If only we had dry clothes.
5.The old man cherishes that girl as if she were his daughter
学习新知——其他情况
回答下面问题：
1.这些能够表示虚拟语气的词在意义上有何共性？
2.上面句子虚拟语气表示形式与前两种情况有不同之处吗？相同的地方呢？
学习新知——其他情况
学习新知——其他情况
1.as if好像，wish希望，would rather宁可，if only要是…就好了
2.对现在的虚拟，从句谓语用过去式(be的过去式用were)。对过去的虚拟，从句谓语用had＋过去分词。对将来的虚拟，从句谓语用would/could/might/should＋动词原形。
3.would rather对将来的虚拟，从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be的过去式用were)。
语言运用——虚拟条件句
典例　(2018·浙江6月)要是我没有追那只兔子，我们就不会迷路了。
If I hadn’t chased that rabbit，we wouldn’t have lost our way.
运用　(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)如果我没读英文报Youth，我在英语方面就不会有这么大的进步。
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If I hadn’t read the newspaper Youth，I wouldn’t have made such great progress in English.
语言运用——含蓄虚拟条件句
典例 若没有她的帮助和专业的指导，我不可能在英语学习方面取得如此大的进步。
But for/Without her help and professional instruction，I couldn’t have made such great progress in English study.
运用 我们有幸参加了这次采摘活动，否则我们不知道劳动的果实有多么甜美。
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We were fortunate to take part in the picking activity，otherwise we wouldn’t have known how sweet the fruits of labor were.
语言运用——It is high time...
典例　(2022·全国甲)总之，是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。
All in all，it is high time that we should devote/devoted ourselves to protecting the ocean.
运用　总之，现在是我们提高环境保护意识的时候了。
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In a word，it is high time that we should raise/raised our awareness of environmental protection.
语言运用——should
典例　(2021·上海)我建议你先上听说课，理由如下。
I recommend that you should take the Listening and Speaking course first for the following reasons.
运用　(2018·全国Ⅱ)按要求，想要参加的同学需准时到报告厅看电影并参与讨论。
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It is required that anyone who wants to participate should arrive at the lecture hall on time to watch the movie and take part in the discussion.