2024届高三英语复习——社会热点问题练习（含解析）

2024届高三英语复习——社会热点问题
第一部分 话题词汇积累
单词&短语
1.picnic n.
2. pioneer n. v.
3.plain adj. n.
4.poisonous adj.
5.precise adj.
6.predictable adj.
7.preference n.
8.prejudice n.
9.prepared adj.
10.prescription n.
11.presentation n.
12.preview vt. n.
13.primitive adj.
14.principle n.
15.principal n.
16.priority n.
17.procedure n.
18. adj.塑料制的；可塑的；做作的；虚伪的
19. n.诗人
20. adj.宝贵的；珍贵的；珍稀的；被珍惜的
21. n.政策；方针；原则；为人之道；保险单
22. adj.政治上的；政府的；政权的；政党的
23. n.政治；权术；政治信仰；政治学
24. n.污染；污染物
25. adj.积极的；正面的；明确的；完全的
26. v.拥有；具备；控制；使言行失常
27. n.职位；邮件 v.张贴；邮寄；派驻；发布
28. adj.潜在的；可能的
29. adj.实用的，可实施的；实际的；明智的
30. n.预言；预告；预测
31. adj.主要的；基本的；首要的；初等的
32. n. 囚犯；俘虏；为……所困的人
33. adj.私人的；私用的；私营的；私下的
34. n.特权，特殊待遇；荣幸；优惠
35. n.产品；产物；结果；乘积
36. n.生产；制造；制作；产量；产生；形成
37. adj.专业的；职业的；专门从事的
38. n.教授； (大学的)讲师，教员
39. vt.禁止；阻止，使不可能
40. adj.有希望的；有前途的
41. vt.促进；推动；提升 n.提升
42. n.压力；挤压；压强；催促；强迫；紧张
43. adv.在……之前 adj.先前的；以前的
44. n.瘾君子；对……入迷的人
45. n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克；剧烈震动
46. n.趋势，倾向；规范；风尚
47.in place
48. 为……喜欢；受……欢迎
49.in possession of/take possession of
50.过着贫困的生活
51.practice makes perfect
52.因…… 赞扬某人
53.为……做准备
54.in the presence of sb.
55.at the price of
56. 自豪地
57. 把某人关进监狱
58.in the process
59.取得巨大进步
60. 做出承诺
词汇拓展
1.promote v.促进；推动；促销；推销；提升；晋升
The area is being as a tourist destination.这个地区正被推广为旅游景点。
If you keep your nose clean,the boss might you.
如果你行为规矩，老板可能会提升你。
The meeting discussed how to cooperation between the two countries.
会议讨论了如何促进两国的合作。
You don't have to sacrifice environmental protection to economic growth.
不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。
【联想】promotion n.提升；提拔；晋升； (体育运动队的)晋级，升级；促销活动；广告宣传
promotional adj.增进的；促销的
promoter n.赞助人；发起者
2.possess v.有；拥有；具有(特质);支配；控制
To have another language is to a second soul.
掌握另一门语言就是拥有第二个灵魂。
Different workers different skills.不同的工作者有不同的技能。
They are rich who friends.有友者富。
【搭配】possess sth.=be possess of sth.拥有某物
possess oneself of sth.使某人拥有某物
【联想】possession n,具有；拥有；个人财产；私人物品；控球状态
(be)in possession of...; get/take possessionof...拥有/占有……
(be)in the possession of sb.为某人所拥有
come into the possession of sb.落人某人手中
People had lost their homes and all their possessions.人们失去了自己的家园和所有的财物。
【辨析】 have,hold,own,possess,keep 区别
这些动词均有“有，具有，持有”之意。
have 为最常用的词，可指任何情况下的具有，无论是物质的或精神的。
hold 指拥有并保持财产或持有见解等，暗示不让别人拿走或占有。
own 不及 possess 正式，多指所属关系，强调所有权，不管所属物是否在物主手中。
possess 较正式，指拥有或占有并能加以控制与支配，强调其归属；也指具有某种品质、才能、特点或性能等。
keep 指长时间地持有，保存某物，防止别人占去，强调安全和感情上的依附。
活学活用
一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入 1 个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.The supermarkets had to lower the prices (promote)sales.
2.Mary left her most precious (possess)—a small bookcase—to her niece.
3. America has also produced jazz, is popular with all age groups all over the world.
4.After (promise)to keep the book for me,he broke his word and sold it to someone else.
5.The governments pass laws to limit tobacco production and prohibit (smoke)in public places.
二、翻译句子
1.Another favorite proverb among our listeners is 'Practice makes perfect.' This means you will become good at something
if you keep doing it.
2.我许诺，我一到北京就给你写信。 (promise)
3.如果你坚持练习英语口语，你很快就会取得很大的进步。
4.他幼年时生活清苦，酷爱读书，喜欢书法和篆刻。 (live a life)
第二部分 话题阅读训练
（A）阅读理解
Six months before she died, my grandmother moved into an old people’s home and I visited her there. The room was clean and warm, and the care assistants were kind and cheerful. A general knowledge quiz show was on the television, and the only other sound was snoring. People moved only when they needed to be helped to the bathroom. It was disappointing. Grandmother talked a lot about how much she missed seeing her grandchildren, but I knew from my sister that they hated
going to visit her there.
So I was interested to read a newspaper article about a new concept in old people’s homes in France. The idea is simple, but revolutionary — combining a residential home for the elderly with a nursery school in the same building. The children and the residents eat lunch together and share activities. In the afternoons, the residents enjoy reading or telling
stories to the children, and if a child is feeling sad or tired, there is always a kind lap to sit on.
The advantages are huge for everyone concerned. The children are happy, because they get a lot more individual attention. The residents are happy because they feel useful and needed. And the staff are happy because they see an improvement in the physical and psychological health of the residents and have an army of assistants to help with the
children.
Nowadays there is less and less contact between the old and the young in an increasing number of countries. There are many reasons for this, including the breakdown of the extended family, working parents with no time to care for ageing relations, families that have moved away, and smaller flats with no room for grandparents. But the result is the same-increasing numbers of children without grandparents and old people who have no contact with children, and more old people who are lonely and feel useless, along with more and more families with young children who desperately need more
support. Ifs a major problem in many societies.
That’s why intergenerational programs, designed to bring the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all
over the world.
1 ．What does the underlined word “residents” in paragraph 2 probably refer to
A ．Old people. B ．School teachers. C ．Assistants. D ．Staff.
2 ．How were the old people at the home the author’s grandmother was in
A ．They felt lonely and useless. B ．They weren’t allowed to be visited.
C ．They weren’t looked after properly. D ．They lived in a dirty and uncomfortable room.
3 ．What does the author think is a major problem in many societies today
A ．The extended family is broken down.
B ．There isn’t much room for grandparents.
C ．Working parents have no time to care for their children.
D ．There isn’t much contact between the old and the young.
4 ．What will be probably talked about later in the passage
A ．Advice on how to communicate with children.
B ．Plans for setting up more homes for old people.
C ．Examples of successful intergenerational programs.
D ．Ways of teaching entertainment skills to old people.
（B）语法填空
While mothers in most families decide what the family has to eat, fathers’ words are often seen as more important
when it comes 1 major family issues, such as investment. All these details are sending 2 signal: Men are
still in a dominant position in society, according to the ninth Global Gender Gap Report.
The report, 3 (release) by the nonprofit organization the World Economic Forum on Oct 28th, found that
although the gender gap 4 (narrow) in the past years, men still get more opportunities in education, the economic
and political worlds, and even healthcare.
It tracked the gender gaps in1 142 countries and found that in most cases, boys get more chances to go to school than girls. When they grow up, women are more 5 (like) to be full- time moms with no pay and have less say in family
decisions.
6 men dominate the adult world, many countries have witnessed a turning point in boys — they are losing
7 (they) edge. In 2010, about 64 percent of outstanding high school students in the US were girls. About 45
developing 8 (country) have more girls attending middle school than boys. Especially in China, female students
account for 51. 35 percent of the students in higher educational institutions.
US author Richard Whitmire once wrote that boys are more 9 (easy) distracted by video games and have
fewer male teachers 10 (follow) at school.
参考答案
1.野餐 2.n.开拓者 v.开创；开辟；倡导 3.adj.清楚的；简朴的；平常的 n.平原 4.有毒的 5.精确的；细心的
6.可预见的 7.偏爱(的食物，人);优先权 8.偏见 9.准备好的 10.药方；处方 11.介绍，展示 12.vt.预习，预演 n.预告片
13.原始的；落后的 14.原则 15.校长 16.优先事项 17.步骤；程序 18.plastic 19.poet20.precious 21.policy 22.political
23.politics 24.pollution25.positive 26.possess 27.post 28.potential29.practical30. prediction 31. primary 32.prisoner
33.private 34.privilege 35. product 36. production37.professional38. professor 39. prohibit 40. promising 41.vt. promote n.
promotion 42.pressure 43.previous 44.addict 45.shock 46.trend47.在适当的位置 48.be popular with/among 49.占有
50.live in poverty/live a poor life 51.熟能生巧 52.praise sb. for... 53.make preparations for 54.当着某人的面 55.以…… 的 价格 56.with pride 57.put sb.in/send sb. to/throw sb. into prison 58.在过程中，在进行中 59.make great progress 60.make
a promise
词汇拓展
promoted;promote;promote;promote
2.possess;possess;possess
活学活用
一、1.to promote2.possession 3.which 4.promising 5.smoking
二、 1.另一个听众喜欢的谚语是“熟能生巧” 。意思是你反复不停地做一件事，你将会擅长它。
2.I make a promise that I will write to you as soon as I get to Beijing.
3.If you keep(on)practising your spoken English, you'll soon make great progress.
4. He lived a poor life in his childhood and developed interests in reading,calligraphy and seal cutting.
1 ．A 2 ．A 3 ．D 4 ．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了养老院的老人总是觉得孤独和不被需要， 法国有了一个把老人院和幼儿
园结合在一栋楼里的想法，介绍了这一做法的好处。
1 ．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The idea is simple, but revolutionary — combining a residential home for the elderly with a nursery school in the same building. (这个想法很简单，但却是革命性的——在同一栋楼里把养老院和幼儿园结合起 来)”以及画线词后文“eat lunch together and share activities”可知，这个想法把老人院和幼儿园结合了起来，让孩子们
和老人们一起吃午饭，分享活动。故画线词意思是“老人” 。故选 A。
2 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“Grandmother talked a lot about how much she missed seeing her grandchildren, but I knew from my sister that they hated going to visit her there .(祖母经常说她多么想念孙子孙女们， 但我从姐姐那里知道， 他们 不喜欢去那里看她)”以及第三段中“The residents are happy because they feel useful and needed. (老人们很高兴， 因为他
们觉得自己是有用的和被需要的)”可知，作者祖母住的那所房子里的老人感到孤独和无用。故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Nowadays there is less and less contact between the old and the young in an increasing number of countries. (如今，在越来越多的国家，老年人和年轻人之间的接触越来越少)”可知，作者认为当今社会的
主要问题是老年人和年轻人之间没有太多的接触。故选 D。
推理判断题。根据最后一段“That’s why intergenerational programs, designed to bring the old and the young together, are
growing in popularity all over the world. (这就是为什么旨在将老年人和年轻人结合在一起的代际计划在世界各地越
来越受欢迎)”可推知，这篇文章后面可能会讨论成功的代际项目的例子。故选 C。
【答案】
1 ．to 2 ．a 3 ．released 4 ．has been narrowed## has narrowed 5 ．likely
6 ．While##Though##Although 7 ．their 8 ．countries 9 ．easily 10 ．to follow
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。虽然大多数家庭的母亲决定家庭吃什么， 但当涉及到投资等重大家庭问题时， 父亲的
话往往被视为更重要。当今社会，男女不平等现象依然存在。
1 ．考查介词。句意：虽然大多数家庭的母亲决定家庭吃什么，但当涉及到投资等重大家庭问题时，父亲的话往往
被视为更重要。 when it comes to…是固定搭配，意为“ 当谈到 ……” 。故填 to。
2 ．考查冠词。句意：所有这些细节都在发出一个信号：根据第九次《全球性别差距报告》，男性在社会中仍然处 于主导地位。根据句意，此处指“一个信号” ，表泛指，故用不定冠词， signal 读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词
a 。故填 a。
3 ．考查过去分词。句意：这份由非营利组织世界经济论坛于 10 月 28 日发布的报告发现，尽管过去几年性别差距
有所缩小， 但男性在教育、经济和政治领域， 甚至医疗保健领域仍有更多机会。分析句子可知， 空格处应填入非谓
语动词作定语。主语 report 与动词 release 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填 released。
4．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：同上。分析句子可知， 空格处应填入谓语动词。根据句中时间状语 in the past years 可知，此处应用现在完成时态。narrow 既可作及物动词，表示“使窄小” ，又可作不及物动词，表示“变窄；缩小”，
所以此处既可用主动语态也可用被动语态。故填 has been narrowed/ has narrowed。
5 ．考查形容词。句意：长大后，女性更有可能成为全职妈妈，没有薪水，在家庭决策中的发言权也更少。分析句 子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。 be likely to do 是固定用法，意为“有可能做某事” ，likely 意为“可能的；有希
望的” 。故填 likely。
6 ．考查状语从句。句意：虽然男性主宰着成人世界，但许多国家都见证了男孩的转折点——他们正在失去优势。
分析句子可知， 空格处应填入状语从句的引导词。根据句意， 此处表“ 虽然， 尽管” ，故用引导让步状语从句的连词
while/though/although。置于句首首字母应大写，故填 While/Though/Although。
7 ．考查物主代词。句意：同上。根据空格后的名词 edge“优势”可知，空格处应填入形容词性的物主代词。主语是
they，故填 their。
8 ．考查名词的数。句意：大约有 45 个发展中国家的女孩上中学的人数多于男孩。根据空格前的数词“45”可知，此
处应填名词复数形式。故填 countries。
9 ．考查副词。句意：美国作家 Richard Whitmire 曾写道，男孩更容易被电子游戏分散注意力，在学校可以跟随的男
老师更少。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词 distracted，故用 easily。故填 easily。
10 ．考查动词不定式。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。 have sb./sth. to do 是固定结
构，表示“有……要做” ，此处用不定式的主动形式 to do 表示被动含义。故填 to follow。